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www.hcidhaka.gov.in; /IndiaInBangladesh @ihcdhaka; /HCIDhaka

Bharat Bichitra /BharatBichitra

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fvi‡Z d¨vwmwj‡Ukb †m›Uvi di BÛvw÷ªqvj cøvRgv †UK‡bv‡jvwRm& Ges †m›Uvi di cøvRgv wdwRKm&Ñ Bbw÷wUDU di cøvRgv wimvP© (wmwcwc-AvBwcAvi) bv‡g `yÕwU cÖwZôvb cøvRgv M‡elYvq wbhy³|

d¨vwmwj‡Ukb †m›Uvi di BÛvw÷ªqvj cøvRgv †UK‡bv‡jvwRm (GdwmAvBwcwU)

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†m›Uvi Ad cøvRgv wdwRKm&Ñ Bbw÷wUDU di cøvRgv wimvP© (wmwcwc-AvBwcAvi)

AvR‡Ki w`‡b M‡elYvi Ab¨Zg cÖavb †ÿÎ wn‡m‡e cøvRgv wdwRKm&‡K ¯^xK…wZ w`‡q RvZxq bxwZi Av‡jv‡K Amg miKvi 1991 mv‡j GKwU ¯^vqËkvwmZ M‡elYv cÖwZôvb wn‡m‡e †m›Uvi Ad cøvRgv wdwRKm&

†deªæqvwi 2018

cÖwZôv K‡i| D‡Ïk¨ wQj cøvRgv wdwRKm& I mswkøó †ÿ‡Î †gŠwjK ZË¡xq I eënvwiK M‡elYv cwiPvjbv| GwU Amg miKv‡ii wkÿv (D”PZi) wefv‡Mi GKwU ¯^vqËkvwmZ M‡elYv cÖwZôvb| ¸qvnvwUi w`mcy‡ii mßkwn` c‡_ GKwU fvov Kiv evwo‡Z 1991 mv‡ji GwcÖ‡j Gi hvÎv ïiæ nq| †`‡ki 4Rb wewkó weÁvbxÑ MvÜxbM‡ii Bbw÷wUDU di cøvRgv wimvP©, Avn‡g`vev‡ì wdwRK¨vj wimvP© j¨ve‡iUwi, gy¤^vB‡qi fvev GUwgK wimvP© †m›Uvi Ges KjKvZvi mvnv Bbw÷wUDU Ad wbDwK¬qvi wdwRKm&-Gi Pvi cÖwZwbwa Ges ivR¨ miKv‡ii kxl©¯’vbxq K‡qKRb Kg©KZ©v Ges ¯’vbxq MY¨gvb¨ K‡qKRb m`m¨ wb‡q Gi cwiPvjbv cl©` MwVZ nq| wek¦weL¨vZ cøvRgv weÁvbx Aa¨vcK cÖaxgvb K…lY KD (MvÜxbM‡ii Bbw÷wUDU di cøvRgv wimvP©-Gi Aa¨vcK, g„Zz¨ 2017 mv‡ji 18 Ryb) cwiPvjbv cl©‡ì cÖ_g †Pqvig¨vb wbhy³ nb| Aa¨vcK cÖaxgvb K…lY GB †K‡›`ªi mvwe©K Dbœq‡b cÖf~Z Ae`vb iv‡Lb| Zuvi 3-eQ‡ii †gqv` †k‡l wkÿv wefvM †m›Uv‡ii cwiPvjbv cl©` cybM©Vb K‡ib Ges Avn‡g`vev‡ì wdwRK¨vj wimvP© j¨ve‡iUwii wWb Aa¨vcK G wm `vm‡K cwiPvjbv cl©‡ì †Pqvig¨vb wbhy³ K‡ib| †`‡ki wewkó cøvRgv weÁvbx †K‡›`ªi cÖwZôvZv cwiPvjK Aa¨vcK m‡e©k¦i eyRieiæqv 1989 mv‡j weµg mvivfvB M‡elYv cyi¯‹vi Ges 1993 mv‡j KgjKzgvix RvZxq cyi¯‹vi jvf K‡ib| cÖwZôvi ci †_‡K weMZ K‡qK eQ‡i †m›Uvi bb&wjwbqvi †d‡bv‡gbv, Bb÷vwewjwU, Wvw÷ cøvRgvi gZ †gŠwjK cøvRgv cÖwµqv wb‡q wewfbœ ZvwË¡K AbymÜvb cwiPvjbv K‡i Ges †gŠwjK cøvRgv wdwRKm& cixÿv Pvjv‡bvi Rb¨ GKwU AvaywbK my‡hvM-myweavm¤úbœ AeKvVv‡gv cÖwZôv K‡i| †K›`ªxq miKv‡ii wewfbœ ms¯’v (†hgb wWcvU©‡g›U Ad GUwgK GbvwR©, wWcvU©‡g›U Ad mv‡qÝ GÛ †UK‡bvjwRi gZ cÖwZôvb)-i A_© mnvqZvq †WÝ cøvRgv †dvKvm Ges Wvw÷ cøvRgvi gZ AMÖMY¨ K‡qKwU cixÿvg~jK Kg©m~wP nv‡Z †bq| MZ mvZ eQ‡i †K›`ª wewfbœ AvšÍR©vwZK gvbm¤úbœ mvgwqKx‡Z 50wUi AwaK †gŠwjK M‡elYvcÎ cÖKvk K‡i‡Q| †K‡›`ªi weÁvbxiv MvÜxbM‡ii Bbw÷wUDU di cøvRgv wimvP©, Avn‡g`vev‡ì wdwRK¨vj wimvP© j¨ve‡iUwi, gy¤^vB‡qi fvev GUwgK wimvP© †m›Uvi, fze‡bk¦‡ii wiwRIbvj wimvP© j¨ve‡iUwi, KjKvZvi mvnv Bbw÷wUDU Ad wbDwK¬qvi wdwRKm&, Rvcv‡bi KvBqyï BDwbfvwm©wU, Rvg©vwbi BDwbfvwm©wU Ad †ewiD_, hy³iv‡Rï Kzjn¨vg j¨ve‡iUwi Ges A‡÷ªwjqvi wdìvm© BDwbfvwm©wUi gZ RvZxq I AvšÍR©vwZK cÖwZôvbmg~‡ni Nwbô mn‡hvwMZvq KvR K‡i P‡j‡Qb| †m›Uvi ¸qvnvwU wek¦we`¨vj‡qi QvÎ‡ì Rb¨ wcGBPwW Kg©m~wP Pvwj‡q Avm‡Q| †m›Uv‡ii Ab¨vb¨ Kg©Kv‡Ði g‡a¨ Av‡Q cøvRgv wdwRKm& Ges wdwRK¨vj mv‡q‡Ýi Ab¨vb¨ kvLvi Ici e³…Zv I Av‡jvPbv mfvi Av‡qvRb Kiv| Am‡gi Kvgiƒ‡ci †mvbvcy‡i Aew¯’Z †m›Uvi Ad cøvRgv wdwRKm&, Bbw÷wUDU di cøvRgv wimvP© AvBwcAvi-Gi GKwU bZzb K¨v¤úv‡m cwiYZ nq| 2009 mv‡ji 2 †g GwU AvbyôvwbKfv‡e AvBwcAvi-Gi m‡½ GKxf~Z nq| GKxf~Z wmwcwc-AvBwcAvi-Gi †bZ…Z¡ †`b †m›Uv‡ii cwiPvjK W. †K Gm †Mv¯^vgx| AvBwcAviGi cwiPvj‡Ki †bZ…‡Z¡ GKwU cwiPvjbv cl©‡ì eë¯’vcbvi `vwq‡Z¡ wb‡qvwRZ| Gi eZ©gvb d¨vKvwë †g¤^v‡ii msL¨v 12| 14Rb Ab¨vb¨ Kg©Pvix Ges A‡bK wimvP© ¯‹jvi I cÖ‡R± weÁvbx‡ì wb‡q K¨v¤ú¨vmwU LyeB RgRgvU| AvBwcAvi-Gi cÖavb Kg©m~wP wn‡m‡e †gŠwjK cøvRgv wdwRKm& I Kg©m~wPgyLx eënvwiK I ZË¡xq M‡elYv cÖkswmZ n‡”Q| ¸qvnvwU †_‡K 32wKwg `~‡i †mvbvcy‡ii bvwRivLv‡Z Aew¯’Z G K¨v¤ú¨vmwU wewfbœ RvwZ ag© fvlvi kvwšÍwcÖq MÖvgxY GK †jvKvj‡q Aew¯’ZÑ G †hb êwP‡Îï g‡a¨ H‡Kï GK Abe`¨ mwbœ‡ek| bvwRivLvZ †h‡Z nq 37 bs RvZxq gnvmoK †_‡K wcWweøDwW-i iv¯Ív a‡i| gnvmoK †_‡K Gi `~iZ¡ cÖvq 800 wgUvi| mey‡R †gvov GB K¨v¤úvmwUi Ae¯’vb †mvbvcyi wegvb NuvwUi Kv‡Q| m~Î B›Uvi‡bU

Abyev` gvbmx †PŠayix

cÖeÜ

fvlv : AÿZc„ôvi cvV Rvwgiæj kixd

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†deªæqvwi 2018

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Rxebvb›` `vk wQ‡jb wesk kZvãxi Ab¨Zg cÖavb AvaywbK evOvwj Kwe, †jLK, cÖvewÜK Ges Aa¨vcK| Zv‡K evsjv fvlvi Ôï×Zg KweÕ e‡j AvL¨vwqZ Kiv n‡q _v‡K| wZwb evsjv Kv‡e¨ AvaywbKZvi cw_K…Z‡ì GKRb| g„Zzï ci †_‡K ïiæ K‡i wesk kZvãxi †kl av‡c wZwb RbwcÖqZv †c‡Z ïiæ K‡ib Ges 1999 mv‡j hLb Zvi Rb¥kZevwl©Kx cvwjZ nw”Qj ZZw`‡b wZwb evsjv mvwn‡Zï RbwcÖqZg Kwe‡Z cwiYZ n‡q‡Qb| wZwb cÖavbZ Kwe n‡jI †ek wKQy cÖeÜwbeÜ iPbv I cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb| Z‡e 1954 mv‡j AKvjg„Zzï Av‡M wZwb wbf…‡Z 21wU Dcb¨vm Ges 108wU †QvUMí iPbv K‡iwQ‡jb hvi GKwUI Zuvi RxeÏkvq cÖKvwkZ nqwb| Zuvi Rxeb †K‡U‡Q Pig `vwi‡`ªï g‡a¨| wesk kZvãxi †klv‡a© Abc‡bqfv‡e evsjv KweZvq Zuvi cÖfve gyw`ªZ n‡q‡Q| iex›`ª-cieZ©xKv‡j evsjv fvlvi cÖavb Kwe wn‡m‡e wZwb me©mvavi‡Y¨ ¯^xK…Z| Rxebvb›` `v‡ki Rb¥ 1899 mv‡ji 17 †deªæqvwi weªwUk fvi‡Zi †e½j †cÖwm‡WwÝi (eZ©gv‡b evsjv‡`k) AšÍM©Z ewikvj kn‡i| Zuvi c~e©cyiæ‡liv wQ‡jb Aaybv evsjv‡`‡ki XvKv †Rjvi weµgcyi ciMbvi Awaevmx| Zuvi wcZvgn me©vb›` `vk¸ß (1838-85) weµgcyi †_‡K ewikv‡j emevm ïiæ K‡ib| me©vb›` `vk¸ß c‡i eªvþa‡g© `x¶v †bb| †deªæqvwi 2018

wZwb ewikv‡j eªvþ mgvR Av‡›`vj‡bi cÖv_wgK ch©v‡q AskMÖnY K‡ib Ges gvbewn‰Zlx Kv‡Ri R‡b¨ e¨vcKfv‡e mgv`„Z nb| Rxebvb‡›ì wcZv mZ¨vb›` `vk¸ß me©vb‡›ì wØZxq cyÎ| mZ¨vb›` `vk¸ß (1863-1942) wQ‡jb ewikvj eªR‡gvnb ¯‹y‡ji wk¶K, cÖvewÜK, ewikvj eªvþ mgv‡Ri m¤úv`K Ges eªªvþmgv‡Ri gyLcÎ eªþev`x cwÎKvi cÖwZôvZv-m¤úv`K| Rxebvb‡›ì gvZv KzmygKzgvix `vk wQ‡jb M„nea~ wKš‘ wZwb KweZv wjL‡Zb| Zuvi mycwiwPZ KweZv ÔAv`k© †Q‡jÕ (Avgv‡ì †`‡k n‡e †mB †Q‡j K‡e/ K_vq bv eo n‡q Kv‡R e‡ov n‡e) AvRI wkï‡kÖwYi cvV¨| Rxebvb›` wQ‡jb wcZvgvZvi †R¨ô mšÍvb; Zuvi WvKbvg wQj wgjy| Zuvi fvB A‡kvKvb›` `vk Ges †evb myPwiZv `vk h_vµ‡g 1908 I 1915 mv‡j Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| wcZv Kg eq‡m ¯‹y‡j fwZ© Kivi we‡ivax wQ‡jb e‡j evwo‡Z gv‡qi Kv‡QB wgjyi evj¨wk¶vi m~ÎcvZ| †fv‡i wcZvi K‡É Dcwbl` Ave„wË I gv‡qi Mvb ï‡b Zuvi Nyg fvOZ| jvRyK ¯^fv‡ei n‡jI Zuvi †Ljva~jv, evMvb Kiv, ågY I muvZv‡ii Af¨vm wQj| †Q‡j‡ejvq gvgvi m‡½ eû RvqMvq †ewo‡q‡Qb| ˆkk‡e GKevi KwVb Amy‡L c‡ob| ¯^v¯’¨ D×v‡ii R‡b¨ gv I gvZvgn nvwmi Mv‡bi Kwe P›`ªbv‡_i m‡½ j‡ÿèŠ, AvMÖv, w`wjø cÖf…wZ ¯’vb ågY K‡ib| 1908 mv‡ji Rvbyqvwi gv‡m AvU eQ‡ii wgjy‡K eªR‡gvnb we`¨vj‡q cÂg †kÖwY‡Z fwZ© Kiv‡bv nq| we`¨vj‡q _vKvKvjxbB Zuvi evsjv Ges Bs‡iwR fvlvq iPbvi m~Pbv nq| GQvov †m mgq Zuvi Qwe AuvKvi w`‡KI †SuvK wQj| 1915 mv‡j eªR‡gvnb we`¨vjq †_‡K cÖ_g wefv‡M g¨vwUªKz‡jkb (eZ©gv‡b gva¨wgK ev GmGmwm) cix¶vq DËxY© nb|| `yÕeQi ci eªR‡gvnb K‡jR †_‡K B›UviwgwW‡qU (D”P gva¨wgK) cix¶vq c~‡e©i djvd‡ji cybive„wË NUvb; Zvici KjKvZv wek¦we`¨vj‡q fwZ© nevi D‡Ï‡k¨ ewikvj Z¨vM K‡ib| 1919 mv‡j KjKvZvi †cÖwm‡WwÝ K‡jR †_‡K Bs‡iwR‡Z Abvm©mn weG wWwMÖ jvf K‡ib| G eQ‡iB eªþev`x cwÎKvi êkvL msL¨vq Zuvi cÖ_g KweZv Qvcv nq| KweZvwUi bvg wQj Ôel© AvevnbÕ| KweZvwU‡Z Kwei bvg Qvcv nqwb, †Kej m¤§vbm~PK kÖx K_vwU †jLv wQj| Z‡e cwÎKvi el©‡k‡li wbN©È m~wP‡Z Zvi c~Y© bvg Qvcv nq: kÖxRxebvb›` `vk, weG| †m mg‡q wZwb n¨vwimb †iv‡Wi †cÖwm‡WwÝ †evwW©s‡q _vK‡Zb, Z‡e cix¶vi wVK Av‡M i³ Avgvk‡q AvµvšÍ nIqvq Zvi cÖ¯‘wZ evavMÖ¯Í K‡i| Gi `yÕeQi ci 1921 mv‡j KjKvZv wek¦we`¨vjq †_‡K Bs‡iwR‡Z wØZxq †kÖwY‡Z GgG wWwMÖ jvf K‡ib| Gici wZwb AvBb cov ïiæ K‡ib| 1922 mv‡j KjKvZvi wmwU K‡j‡R wUDUi wn‡m‡e Aa¨vcbv ïiæ K‡ib Ges AvBb Aa¨qb †Q‡o †`b| †hŠe‡bi cÖvi‡¤¢B Rxebvb‡›ì Kwe cÖwZfv weKwkZ n‡Z ïiæ K‡i| 1925-Gi Ryb gv‡m †`keÜy wPËiÄb `vk g„ZzëiY Ki‡j Rxebvb›` Zuvi ¯§i‡Y Ô†`keÜyi cÖqv‡YÕ bv‡g GKwU eªþev`x KweZv iPbv K‡ib, hv e½evYx cwÎKvq cÖKvwkZ nq| KweZvwU cieZ©xKv‡j Zuvi cÖ_g Kve¨ msKjb Siv cvjK-G ¯’vb cvq| KweZvwU c‡o Kwe Kvwj`vm ivq gšÍe¨ K‡iwQ‡jb, ÔG eªþev`x KweZvwU wbðqB †Kvb cÖwZwôZ Kwei QÙbv‡gi iPbv|Õ 1925 mv‡jB Zuvi cÖ_g cÖeÜ ¯^M©xq ÔKvjx‡gvnb `v‡ki kÖv×evm‡iÕ eªþev`x cwÎKvi cici wZbwU msL¨vq avivevwnKfv‡e cÖKvwkZ nq| H eQ‡iB K‡jøvj cwÎKvq ÔbxwjgvÕ KweZvwU cÖKvwkZ n‡j Zv A‡bK ZiæY Kveïwm‡Ki `„wó AvKl©Y K‡i| ax‡i ax‡i KjKvZv, XvKv Ges Ab¨vb¨ RvqMvi wewfbœ mvwnZ¨ cwÎKvq Zuvi †jLv Qvcv n‡Z _v‡K; †h¸wji g‡a¨ wQj †m mgqKvi weL¨vZ cwÎKv K‡jøvj, Kvwj I Kjg, cÖMwZ cÖf…wZ| 1927 mv‡j Kwei cÖ_g Kve¨MÖš’ Siv cvjK cÖKvwkZ nq| †m mgq †_‡KB wZwb Zuvi cvwievwiK Dcvwa Ô`vk¸‡ßiÕ e`‡j †Kej Ô`vkÕ wjL‡Z ïiæ K‡ib| cÖ_g Kve¨MÖš’ cÖKv‡ki K‡qK gv‡mi gv_vq wZwb wmwU K‡j‡Ri PvKwiwU nvivb| ag©xq Drme‡K †K›`ª K‡i K‡jRwU‡Z QvÎ Am‡šÍvl †`Lv †`q, d‡j K‡jRwUi QvÎfwZ©i nvi Avk¼vRbKfv‡e K‡g

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hvq| Rxebvb›` wQ‡jb K‡jRwUi wk¶K‡ì g‡a¨ KwbôZg, ZvB Avw_©K mgm¨vMÖ¯Í K‡jR cÖ_‡g Zuv‡KB PvKwiPy¨Z K‡i| GB PvKwiPy¨wZ `xN©Kvj Rxebvb‡›ì g‡bv‡e`bvi KviY wQj| KjKvZvi mvwnZ¨P‡µI †m-mgq Zuvi KweZv KwVb mgv‡jvPbvi m¤§yLxb nq| †m mgqKvi cÖL¨vZ mvwnZ¨ mgv‡jvPK Kwe-mvwnwZ¨K mRbxKvšÍ `vm kwbev‡ii wPwV‡Z Zuvi iPbvi wb`©q mgv‡jvPbvq cÖe„Ë nb| KjKvZvq Kievi gZ †Kvb KvR wQj bv e‡j Kwe Aaybv evsjv‡`‡ki †QvÆ kni ev‡Minv‡Ui cÖdzjøP ›`ª K‡j‡R wk¶K wn‡m‡e †hvM`vb K‡ib| Z‡e gvÎ `yB gvm Kzwo w`b c‡iB wZwb KjKvZvq wd‡i hvb| PvKwi bv _vKvq G mgq wZwb Pig Avw_©K `y`©kvq c‡o hvb| Rxebavi‡Yi R‡b¨ wZwb M„nwk¶KZvi KvR Ki‡Zb| Gmgq †jLvwjwL †_‡K mvgvb¨ wKQy †ivRMvi nZ| cvkvcvwk wZwb wewfbœ wk¶v cÖwZôv‡b PvKwii mÜvb KiwQ‡jb| 1929 mv‡ji wW‡m¤^‡i wZwb w`wjøi ivghk K‡j‡R Aa¨vcK wn‡m‡e †hvM`vb K‡ib| GLv‡bI Zuvi PvKwii †gqv` gvÎ Pvi gvm| 1930 mv‡ji 9 †g (26 êkvL, 1337) wZwb †ivwnYxKzgvi ¸‡ßi Kb¨v jveY¨ ¸ßi m‡½ weevneÜ‡b Ave× nb| we‡q n‡qwQj XvKv kn‡i cyi‡bv XvKvi cvUzqvUzjxi eªvþ mgv‡Ri ivg‡gvnb jvB‡eªwi‡Z| jveY¨ ¸ß †m mgq XvKvi B‡Wb K‡j‡R †jLvcov KiwQ‡jb| Rxebvb›` `v‡ki we‡q‡Z Kwe ey×‡è emy, AwRZKzgvi `Ë cÖgyL Dcw¯’Z wQ‡jb| we‡qi ci Avi wZwb w`wjø‡Z wd‡i hvbwb| Gici cÖvq eQi cuv‡PK Rxebvb›` Kg©nxb Ae¯’vq wQ‡jb| gv‡S wKQyw`b GKwU exgv †Kv¤úvwbi G‡R›U wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i‡Qb; †QvU fvB‡qi KvQ †_‡K UvKv avi K‡i eëmv K‡i‡Qb; wKš‘ †KvbUvB ¯’vqx nqwb| Gmgq Zuvi evev RxweZ Ges Rxebvb‡›ì ¯¿x ewikv‡jB wQ‡jb e‡j Rxebvb‡›ì †eKviZ¡ cvwievwiK `yie¯’vi KviY nqwb| 1931 mv‡j Kwei cÖ_g mšÍvb gÄykÖxi Rb¥ nq| cÖvq †m mg‡qB Zuvi ÔK¨v‡¤úÕ KweZvwU myax›`ªbv_ `Ë m¤úvw`Z cwiPq cwÎKvq cÖKvwkZ nq Ges m‡½ m‡½ KjKvZvi mvwnZ¨ mgv‡R e¨vcK mgv‡jvPbvi wkKvi nq| KweZvwUi AvcvZ welqe¯‘ wQj †RvQbv iv‡Z nwiY wkKvi| A‡b‡KB GB KweZvwU cvV K‡i Zv Akøxj wn‡m‡e wPwýZ K‡ib| †eKviZ¡, msMÖvg I nZvkvi GB mgqKv‡j wZwb †ek wKQy †QvUMí I Dcb¨vm iPbv K‡iwQ‡jb; Z‡e Zuvi RxeÏkvq †m¸‡jv cÖKvwkZ nqwb| 1934 mv‡j wZwb GK¸”Q MxwZKweZv iPbv K‡ib hv cieZ©xKv‡j Zuvi iƒcmx evsjv Kv‡eï cÖavb Ask wbg©vY K‡i| G KweZv¸wjI Rxebvb›` cÖKvk K‡ibwb| 1954 mv‡j Zuvi g„Zzï ci Zuvi †evb myPwiZv `vk Ges gqyL cwÎKvL¨vZ Kwe f~‡g›`ª ¸n KweZv¸‡jv GKwÎZ K‡i 1957 mv‡j iƒcmx evsjv bv‡g cÖKv‡ki eë¯’v K‡ib| hv‡nvK, 1935 mv‡j Rxebvb›` Zuvi cyi‡bv wk¶v cÖwZôvb eªR‡gvnb K‡j‡R wd‡i hvb| GwU ZLb KjKvZv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi Awafy³ wQj| wZwb †mLvbKvi Bs‡iwR wefv‡M cÖfvlK wn‡m‡e †hvM †`b| †m mg‡q KjKvZvq ey×‡è emy, †cÖ‡g›`ª wgÎ Ges mgi †mb KweZv bv‡g GKwU Avb‡Kviv bZyb KweZv cwÎKv †ei Kivi †Zvo‡Rvo KiwQ‡jb| cwÎKvwUi cÖ_g msL¨v‡ZB Rxebvb‡›ì GKwU KweZv ¯’vb cvq, hvi bvg wQj Ôg„Zzï Av‡MÕ| KweZvwU cvV K‡i iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi ey×‡è‡K †jLv GKwU wPwV‡Z KweZvwU‡K ÔwPÎiƒcgqÕ e‡j gšÍe¨ K‡ib| KweZv cwÎKvi wØZxq msL¨vq (†cŠl 1342 msL¨v, wW‡m¤î 1934/Rvbyqvwi 1935) Zuvi wKse`wšÍZzj¨ ÔebjZv †mbÕ KweZvwU cÖKvwkZ nq| 18 jvB‡bi GB KweZvwU eZ©gv‡b evsjv fvlvi me‡P‡q RbwcÖq KweZvi Ab¨Zg wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ| c‡ii eQi Rxebvb‡›ì wØZxq Kve¨MÖš’ a~mi cvÐywjwc cÖKvwkZ nq| Rxebvb›` Gi g‡a¨B ewikv‡j mewKQy ¸wQ‡q wb‡qwQ‡jb| 1936 mv‡ji b‡f¤î gv‡m Zuvi cyÎ mgivb‡›ì Rb¥ nq| 1938 mv‡j iex›`ªbv_ msKwjZ Ôevsjv Kve¨ cwiPqÕ-G Rxebvb‡›ì Ôg„Zzï Av‡MÕ KweZvwU ¯’vb cvq| 1939 mv‡j Av‡iKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© KweZv msKjb cÖKvwkZ nq Avey mqx`

AvBqye I nx‡i›`ªbv_ gy‡Lvcva¨v‡qi m¤úv`bvqÑ G‡Z Rxebvb‡›ì PviwU KweZvÑ ÔcvwLivÕ, ÔkKzbÕ, ÔebjZv †mbÕ Ges ÔbMœ wbR©b nvZÕ AšÍf©y³ nq| 1942 mv‡j Kwei wcZ…we‡qvM nq Ges H eQ‡iB Zvi Z…Zxq KweZvMÖš’ ebjZv †mb cÖKvwkZ nq| eBwU ey×‡è emyi KweZvfeb n‡Z ÔGK cqmvq GKwUÕ wmwi‡Ri Ask wn‡m‡e cÖKvwkZ nq Ges Gi c„ôvmsL¨v wQj †lvj| ey×‡è emy wQ‡jb Rxebvb‡›ì cÖavb c„ô‡cvlK Ges Zuvi m¤úvw`Z KweZvcwÎKvq Rxebvb‡›ì eû KweZv Qvcv nq| 1944 mv‡j Zuvi PZy_© Kve¨MÖš’ gnvc„w_ex cÖKvwkZ nq| Gi Av‡Mi wZbwU Kve¨MÖš’ Zuv‡K wb‡Ri cqmvq cÖKvk Ki‡Z n‡qwQj, Z‡e gnvc„w_exi R‡b¨ wZwb cÖKvkK cvb| wØZxq wek¦hy× PjvKvjxb cÖKvwkZ GB KweZv¸‡”Q hy‡×i Qvc wQj ¯úó| PvKwii cÖ‡qvR‡b ewikv‡j wdi‡jI KjKvZv Rxebvb›`‡K Lye UvbZ| KjKvZvi mywe¯Í…Z cwimi wZwb Dc‡fvM Ki‡Zb| wZwb memgq KjKvZvq †divi K_v fve‡Zb Ges my‡hvM †c‡jB w÷gv‡i ewikvj †_‡K Lyjbv, Zvici †Uª‡b †ebv‡cvj n‡q KjKvZvq cvwo Rgv‡Zb| wØZxq wek¦hy‡×i ci fvi‡Zi ¯^vaxbZv Av‡›`vjb cÖej n‡q I‡V| wRbœvni †bZ…‡Z¡ gymwjg †bZ…e„›` gymjgvb‡ì R‡b¨ c„_K ivóª MV‡bi `vwe Rvbvb| Gi d‡j evsjv wØLwÐZ nIqv Aek¨¤¢vex n‡q c‡o, KviY Gi c~e©vsk wQj gymjgvbcÖavb Avi cwðgvs‡k wn›`yiv wQj msL¨v¸iæ| 1947-Gi †`kfvM c~e©eZ©xmg‡q evsjvq exfrm mv¤úÖ`vwqK `v½v nq| Rxebvb›` memgqB mv¤úÖ`vwqK m¤úÖxwZi c‡¶ †mv”Pvi wQ‡jb| KjKvZvq 1946 mv‡j hLb Avevi wn›`y-gymjgvb `v½v Qwo‡q c‡o, Kwe Ô1946-47Õ KweZvwU †j‡Lb| †`kwefv‡Mi wKQy Av‡M wZwb weGg K‡jR †_‡K QywU wb‡q KjKvZvq G‡mwQ‡jb| QywU evwo‡q KjKvZvq `xN© K‡qK gvm Ae¯’vb K‡ib| Gici c~e©e‡½ Av‡mb wKš‘ Zv wQj mvgwqK| 1947-G †`kfv‡Mi wKQy c~‡e© mcwiev‡i evsjv‡`k A_©vr ZrKvjxb c~e©e½ Z¨vM K‡ib Ges KjKvZvq ¯’vqxfv‡e emevm ïiæ K‡ib| KjKvZvq wZwb ˆ`wbK ¯îvR cwÎKvi †iveev‡ii mvwnZ¨ wefvM m¤úv`bv K‡ib wKš‘ GB PvKwii ¯’vwqZ¡ wQj gvÎ mvZgvm| KvRx bRiæj BmjvgwelqK GKwU M`¨ iPbv gvwjKc‡¶i gbtcyZ bvnIqvq GB PvKwiPz¨wZ| 1948 mv‡j wZwb gvjëvb I myZx_© bv‡g `ywU Dcb¨vm wj‡LwQ‡jb, Z‡e Av‡Mi¸‡jvi gZ G `ywUI AcÖKvwkZ wQj| G eQ‡ii wW‡m¤^‡i Zuvi cÂg Kve¨MÖš’ mvZwU Zvivi wZwgi cÖKvwkZ nq| GKB gv‡m KjKvZvq Zuvi gv KzmygKzgvix `v‡ki Rxebvemvb N‡U| B‡Zvg‡a¨ Rxebvb›` KjKvZvi mvwnwZ¨K mgv‡R wbR¯^ GKwU Ae¯’vb ˆZwi K‡i wb‡q‡Qb| wZwb ÔmgKvjxb mvwnZ¨‡K›`ªÕ bv‡g GKwU ms¯’vi mn-mfvcwZ wbe©vwPZ nb Ges GB ms¯’vi gyLcÎ Ø›Ø cwÎKvi Ab¨Zg m¤úv`K wbhy³ nb| gv‡S wZwb wKQyKvj LoMcyi K‡j‡R Aa¨vcbv K‡ib| 1952 mv‡j Zuvi RbwcÖq KweZvi eB ebjZv †mb wmM‡bU †cÖm †_‡K cwiewa©Z AvKv‡i cÖKvwkZ nq| eBwU cvVKvbyK‚j¨ jvf K‡i Ges wbwLj e½ iex›`ªmvwnZ¨ m‡¤§jb-†NvwlZ Ôiex›`ª-¯§„wZ cyi¯‹viÕ Rq K‡i| g„Zzï wKQy c~‡e© nvIov Mvj©m K‡j‡R Aa¨vcbvi PvKwi Ry‡U †M‡j Zuvi KjKvZvRxe‡bi Acwimxg ˆ`b¨`kvi myivnv nq| 1954 mv‡ji †g gv‡m cÖKvwkZ nq Rxebvb›` `v‡ki †kÖô KweZv| 1955 mv‡j fviZ miKv‡ii mvwnZ¨ AKv‡`wg cyi¯‹vi jvf K‡ib| Zuvi Kg©Rxeb Av‡`Š gm„Y wQj bv| PvKwi Z_v myw¯’i RxweKvi Afve Zuv‡K Avg„Zz¨ Kó w`‡q‡Q| PvKwii Rb¨ n‡b¨ n‡q wZwb Øv‡i Øv‡i Ny‡i‡Qb| ¯¿x jveY¨ `vk ¯‹y‡j wk¶KZv K‡i RxweKvi Afve wKQyUv cywl‡q‡Qb| 1954 mv‡j AKvjg„Zzï mgq wZwb nvIov Mvj©m K‡j‡R Kg©iZ wQ‡jb| `yB `dv `xN© †eKvi Rxe‡b wZwb BÝy‡iÝ †Kv¤úvwbi G‡R›U wnmv‡e KvR K‡i‡Qb Ges cÖavbZ M„nwk¶KZv K‡i msmvi Pvwj‡q‡Qb| GQvov eëmv‡qi †PóvI K‡iwQ‡jb eQiLv‡bK| `vwi`ª¨ Ges AbUb wQj Zvi Kg©Rxe‡bi Qvqvm½x|

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Rxebvb‡›ì Kve¨MÖš’mg~‡ni cÖKvkKvj m¤ú‡K© we‡kl cÖwYavb‡hvM¨ Z_¨ GB †h, K‡qKwU Kve¨MÖ‡š’i GKvwaK cwiewa©Z ms¯‹iY cÖKvwkZ n‡qwQj| wb‡P †Kej cÖ_g cÖKvkbvi eQi DwjøwLZ| Zuvi cÖ_g Kve¨MÖš’ Siv cvjK cÖKvwkZ nq 1927 mv‡j| Gi `xN©Kvj ci 1936-G cÖKvwkZ nq Zuvi wØZxq Kve¨MÖš’ a~mi cvÐywjwc| BZëm‡i Kwei g‡bvRM‡Z †hgb cwieZ©b n‡q‡Q †Zgwb iPbv‡KŠk‡jI G‡m‡Q msnwZ Ges cwicK¡Zv| Zuvi Z…Zxq Kve¨MÖš’ ebjZv †mb cÖKvwkZ nq 1942-G| GwU ÔKweZvfeb ms¯‹iYÕ bv‡g AwfwnZ| wmM‡bU †cÖm ebjZv †mb cÖKvk K‡i 1952-q| ebjZv †mb Kve¨MÖ‡š’i KweZvmg~nmn cieZ©x KweZvMÖš’ gnvc„w_ex cÖKvwkZ nq 1944-G| Rxebvb›ì RxeÏkvq me©‡kl cÖKvwkZ MÖš’ mvZwU Zvivi wZwgi (1948)| 1954 mv‡j g„Zzï wKQy Av‡M cÖKvwkZ nq Rxebvb›` `v‡ki †kÖô KweZv| Kwei g„Zz¨-cieZ©x cÖKvwkZ MÖš’mg~n nj 1957-q cÖKvwkZ iƒcmx evsjv Ges 1961-†Z cÖKvwkZ †ejv A‡ejv Kvj‡ejv| Kwe iƒcmx evsjvi cvÐywjwc cÖ¯‘Z Ki‡jI RxeÏkvq cÖKv‡ki D‡`¨vM †bbwb| wZwb MÖš’wUi cÖ”Q` bvg wba©viY K‡iwQ‡jb evsjvi Î¯Í bxwjgv| 1957 mv‡j cÖKvkKv‡j Gi bvgKiY Kiv nq iƒcmx evsjv| Zuvi AMÖwš’Z KweZvejx wb‡q cÖKvwkZ KweZv msKjb¸‡jv nj: my`k©bv (1973), Av‡jv c„w_ex (1981), g‡bvwen½g, †n †cÖg †Zvgvi K_v †f‡e (1998), AcÖKvwkZ GKvbœ (1999) Ges AveQvqv (2004)| Kwei cÖKvwkZ-AcÖKvwkZ MÖwš’Z-AMÖwš’Z mKj KweZvi AvKi †èxcÖmv` e‡›`¨vcva¨vq m¤úvw`Z Rxebvb›` `v‡ki Kve¨msMÖn me©cÖ_g cÖKvwkZ nq 1993 mv‡j| c‡ii eQi MÖwš’Z-AMÖwš’Z mKj KweZvi cwiewa©Z ms¯‹iY cÖKvwkZ nq Ave`yj gvbœvb ˆmq‡ì D‡`¨v‡M| cieZ©xKv‡j Avwe®‹…Z Av‡iv KweZv AšÍf©y³ K‡i †¶Î ¸ß 2001 mv‡j cÖKvk K‡ib Rxebvb›` `v‡ki Kve¨mgMÖ| 2010 mv‡j f~‡g›`ª ¸n cÖKvk K‡ib Rxebvb›` `v‡ki cÖKvwkZ-AcÖKvwkZ-MÖwš’ZAMÖwš’Z mKj KweZvi AvKi MÖš’ cvÐywjwc msMÖn|

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MíMÖš’ I Dcb¨vm

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ewikvj Z_v mgMÖ c~e©e½B wQj RvZxqZvev`x Av‡›`vj‡bi †K›`ª| ewikv‡j weªwUk we‡ivax †h ¯^vaxbZv Av‡›`vjb M‡o I‡V, Zvi †cQ‡b GKw`‡K †hgb wQj ewikvjevmxi ¯^vaxbwPËZv, Ab¨w`‡K Awk¦bxKzgv‡ii cÖfve| Awk¦bxKzgv‡ii ¯^‡`k †PZbvi evYxevnK wQj cÖv_wgKfv‡e Zuvi QvÎ`j| cÖm½Z, wZwb wQ‡jb Avw`‡Z, g‡a¨ I A‡šÍ GKRb wb‡ew`ZcÖvY wkÿK| Zuvi Avg‡j mgMÖ evwikvj †Rjv wQj wkÿv‡ÿ‡Î mgMÖ evsjv‡`‡kB AMÖmi| 1897-98-G ‘Govenment Report on EducationÕ Rvbvq, ‘The school is unrivalled in

point of discipline and efficiency. It is an institution that aught to serve as a model to all schools, Government or Private.Õ

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K‡j‡R wQj AfvweZ| GB wkÿv cÖwZôv‡bB ˆZwi n‡qwQj AMwYZ †`k‡cÖwgK, ¯^‡`kvbyivMx QvÎ, hviv Zuv‡ì cieZ©x Rxe‡b A‡b‡KB ¯^vaxbZv Av‡›`vj‡b me©¯^ `vb Ki‡Z KzwÉZ nbwb| QvÎ‡ì G‡nb ¯^‡`kcÖxwZ miKv‡ii GZUvB MvÎ`v‡ni KviY n‡q DVj †h evsjvi †QvUjvU evgwdì dzjvi Av‡`k Rvwi Ki‡jb eªR‡gvnb K‡jR †_‡K DËxY© nIqv †Kvb QvÎ miKvwi PvKwi‡Z A‡hvM¨ e‡j we‡ewPZ n‡e| Avk¼v wQj, GB `gbg~jK eë¯’vi †R‡i K‡j‡R QvÎmsL¨v ivZvivwZ k~‡b¨ G‡m †VK‡e| †Kb-bv cvk K‡i miKvwi PvKwii wbðqZv I wbivcËv †fvM Ki‡e, weªwUk-cÖewZ©Z wkÿveë¯’vq QvÎ‡ì mvg‡b GKgvÎ ¯^cœ †Zv wQj GUvB| wKš‘ dzjvi weGg K‡j‡Ri QvÎ‡ì Av‡Mœq gvbwmKZv Avi Zv‡ì AvPvh© Awk¦bxKzgv‡ii wkÿv`vbRvZ `„peªZ nevi m¼‡íi cvV wb‡Z fyj K‡iwQ‡jb| QvÎ‡ì AwffveKKz‡ji `„pwPËZv I AÁvZ wQj dzjv‡ii| ZvB GB Aa¨v‡`k Rvwii c‡iI †`Lv †Mj, dzjv‡ii Avkvq Rj †X‡j w`‡q weGg K‡j‡Ri QvÎmsL¨v †Zv Kgj-B wQj bv, eis Zv Av‡Mi †P‡q Av‡iv †e‡o †Mj| †ècÖmv` †Nvl GbUªvÝ cixÿvq †gav ZvwjKvq †miv n‡jb| wZwb co‡Zb eªR‡gvnb K‡j‡RiB we`¨vjq wefv‡M| Zuv‡K e„wË ch©šÍ †Ìqv nqwb! Zey Avðh©, QvÎmsL¨v evo‡Z jvMj, Kx weGg ¯‹z‡j, Kx K‡j‡R| wkÿK Awk¦bxKzgv‡ii cÖwZ QvÎ‡ì Amxg AvbyM‡Zï d‡jB GgbUv m¤¢e n‡q wQj| c~Y©gvÎvq kÖ‡×q bv n‡q DV‡j GiKg wbi¼zk AvbyMZ¨ jvf Kiv hvq bv| Kxfv‡e Awk¦bxKzgvi wb‡R‡K GB AvbyMZ¨jv‡fi †hvM¨ K‡i Zz‡jwQ‡jb? ewikv‡j wkÿKZv Kivi Av‡MB Zuvi wkÿKRxeb ïiæ n‡qwQj ûMwji kÖxivgcy‡i| †mLv‡b wZwb wQ‡jb cÖavb wkÿK| wZwb ZLb m`¨ KjKvZv wek¦we`¨vjq †_‡K Bs‡iwR‡Z GgG cvk Kiv hyeK| †mB m‡½ weGj wWwMÖI wQj Zuvi| †mB 1880-i PweŸkel©xq

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Awk¦bxKzgvi QvÎ‡ì m‡½ wb‡RI †Ljvay‡jvq Ask wb‡Zb| Av‡iv Avð‡h©i, QvÎiv Zuvi †Kv‡j gv_v †i‡L Mvb KiZ| cÖ‡ewkKvq e„wË cvIqv Zz‡Lvo †gavex QvÎ, huvi wkÿvRxeb †K‡U‡Q iscyi, K…òbMi, weòcyi Avi KjKvZvi †cÖwm‡WwÝ K‡j‡R, †h KjKvZvq Zuvi K‡jRRxe‡b ivRbvivqY emy, ivgZby jvwnox, ivgK…ò cignsm, †KkeP›`ª †m‡bi gZ weL¨vZRb‡ì mvwbœa¨jvf N‡U‡Q, wZwb evjK‡ì m‡½ GB †h AšÍi½ n‡q wgk‡Qb, GB AšÍi½Zvi †Rv‡iB cieZ©xKv‡j QvÎ‡ì Kv‡Q h_v_© MÖnY‡hvM¨, kÖ‡×q Avi me©vwZkvqx gvb¨ n‡q D‡VwQ‡jb| ¸iæ hv wKQzB AvÁv K‡ib, wbwe©Pv‡i wkl¨ †mB AvÁv cvjb Ki‡e, †hvM¨ ¸iæ m¤ú‡K© ejv n‡q _v‡K, ¸iæivÁv wn AwePviYxqv| Awk¦bxKzgvi n‡q D‡VwQ‡jb †ZgbB GK ¸iæ| iex›`ªbv_ Ô¸iæ‡èÕ nIqvi Av‡MB †`wL ¸iæ nIqvi mvabv ïiæ n‡qwQj Awk¦bxKzgv‡ii, Ges Zv kÖxivgcy‡i| wkÿ‡Ki m‡½ b`x‡Z †bŠKvq evBP †Lje Avi Mvb MvBe| Ggb ¸iæ wK Avgiv mevB g‡b g‡b †P‡q Avwmwb? ab¨ †m-me QvÎ, hviv Awk¦bxKzgv‡ii gZ, wb‡ew`Zviex›`ªbv_-we`¨vmvM‡ii gZ ¸iæ †c‡qwQ‡jb| AvbyMZ¨ Av‡iv A‡bK Kvi‡YB G‡mwQj| †Kvb& Qv‡Îi Kx Afve, †mB ey‡S Zv‡K Avw_©K mvnvh¨ †Ìqv, Qv‡Îi AmyL-wemy‡L Zv‡K wbR nv‡Z †mev Kiv, Zv‡ì m‡½ BwZnvm, mvwnZ¨, ivRbxwZ, ag©, Ggb wK †cÖg I cwiYq wb‡qI Aev‡a Av‡jvPbv Kiv, G-meB Ki‡Zb wZwb| Avgv‡ì kv‡¯¿B †Zv Gi Aby‡gv`b i‡q‡Q, ÔcÖv‡ßZz †lvo‡k e‡l© cyÎs wgÎe`vP‡irÕ A_v©r cyÎ (Ges Kb¨vI) †lvj eQ‡ii n‡j Zvi m‡½ eÜyi gZ AvPiY we‡aq| eÜz‡Z¡i g~wZ©gvb weMÖnB wQ‡jb †hb wZwb| K‡j‡Ri Aa¨ÿ eB wjL‡Qb, †h eB‡qi bvg Ô†cÖgÕ, fvev hvq? Hk¦wiK A‡nZzKx †cÖg bq, i³gvs‡mi bvix-cyiæ‡li RvMwZK †cÖg wb‡q †jLv MÖš’| bvwZe„nr GB MÖš’wU me‡`‡ki me QvÎ-QvÎxi Aek¨cvV¨ nIqv DwPZ| RvMwZK †cÖg‡K eR©bxq g‡b Kiv nqwb G MÖ‡š’, eis †cÖgfvjevmv‡K †cÖwgK-†cÖwgKvi Aj¼vi wn‡m‡eB g~j¨vwqZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| GLv‡bB eBwUi ¸iæZ¡ I Dc‡hvwMZv| wkÿv`v‡bi †ÿÎ †Kej †h wbw`©ó wm‡jev‡mB mxgve× bq, Ges GRb¨ GKRb wkÿ‡Ki `vwqZ¡ wkÿvi e¨vcKZv Rxe‡bi e„nËi I mvwe©K ¯Í‡i cÖmvwiZ K‡i †Ìqv, Qv‡Îi Kv‡Q h_v_© c_cÖ`k©K n‡q IVv, Awk¦bxKzgv‡ii Rxeb`k©b wQj Zv-B| †Kej Dc‡`‡k mxgvwqZ bv †_‡K mL¨ I †mŠnv‡`©i mvnv‡h¨ Qv‡Îi gb Rq Ki‡Zb wZwb| QvÎ‡ì Kv‡Q bgm¨ wQ‡jb wZwb Zv‡ì Kv‡Q bg¨ nevi ¸‡Y wKš‘ ZvB e‡j KL‡bvB wb‡Ri e¨w³mËv wemR©b w`‡q bq| QvÎ‡ì g‡a¨ wZwb Abym~¨Z K‡i w`‡qwQ‡jb, ÔmZ¨, †cÖg, cweÎZvÕi †eva, †h wZbwU kã wQj Zuvi g~jgš¿| QvÎ‡ì wZwb Ggb GK D”P ¯Í‡ii Av`‡k© `xÿv w`‡qwQ‡jb †h fve‡j wew¯§Z n‡Z nq, Zuvi we`¨vqZ‡b cixÿv PjvKvjxb †Kvb cÖniv _vKZ bv! ¯^‡`kx I eqK‡Ui cÖ_g D˜MvZv wZwb-B| 1906-G ewikv‡j Ks‡MÖ‡mi †h cÖv‡`wkK m‡¤§jb Avn~Z n‡qwQj, †mLv‡b mfvcwZ wQ‡jb e¨vwi÷vi Ave`yj im~j| †hvM`vbKvix‡ì g‡a¨ my‡i›`ªbv_ e‡›`¨vcva¨vq, K…òKzgvi wgÎ, eªþevÜe Dcva¨vq, KvjxcÖmbœ Kve¨wekvi`, nx‡i›`ªbv_ `Ë| wQ‡jb ÔAg„ZevRvi cwÎKvÕi m¤úv`K gwZjvj †Nvl| my`~i e‡iv`v †_‡K G‡m †hvM w`‡qwQ‡jb Aiwe›` †Nvl| Avi wQj QvÎmgvR, hviv nvwmgy‡L †¯^”Qv‡me‡Ki f‚wgKv cvjb K‡i‡Q GKw`‡K, Ab¨w`‡K Ôe‡›` gvZig&Õ †¯øvMvb w`‡q‡Q ¸L©v cywj‡ki jvwVi AvNvZ AMÖvn¨ K‡i| Z‡e cÖZ¨vNvZ K‡iwb †Kvb QvÎ, †Kb-bv Awk¦bxKzgv‡ii wb‡`©k wQj Awnsm _vKevi| 1906-Gi 14-15 (1-2 êkvL 1313) GwcÖ‡ji ewikvj cÖv‡`wkK m‡¤§jb AvR GK BwZnvm, †Kb-bv †h Ôe‡›` gvZig&Õ aŸwb‡K wbwl× K‡iwQj cÖkvmb, ewikv‡j cÖv‡`wkK m‡¤§jb †kl nIqvi GK gv‡mi g‡a¨B D‡V hvq †mB Aa¨v‡`k| G Lei G‡`‡k G‡m †cuŠQ‡j `k nvRvi †jv‡Ki wgwQj †e‡ivq ewikvj kn‡i, Awk¦bxKzgvi‡K cy‡ivav K‡i| †h my‡i›`ªbv_ e‡›`¨vcva¨v‡qi Pvi‡kv UvKv Rwigvbv n‡qwQj m‡¤§jb PjvKvjxb Ôe‡›` gvZig&Õ D”PviY Kivq, Zuv‡K G‡b

msea©bv †Ìqv nj| my‡i›`ªbv_‡K †h ¯’v‡b †MÖßvi Kiv n‡qwQj, Awk¦bxKzgv‡ii cÖ¯ÍvegZ †mLv‡b GKwU ¯§„wZ¯Í¤¢I ¯’vwcZ nq| GB wQ‡jb Awk¦bxKzgvi, ewikv‡ji gyKzUnxb mgªvU| my`~i cvÄve †_‡K gv`ªvR ch©šÍ Zuv‡K H bv‡g AwfwnZ Kiv nZ| fviZxq RvZxq Ks‡MÖ‡mi m‡½ cÖ_g †_‡KB hy³ wQ‡jb wZwb| GLv‡b D‡jøL‡hvM¨, 1885-†Z RvZxq Ks‡MÖm cÖwZôvi Av‡M 1876-G †hgb ivóª¸iæ my‡i›`ªbv_ e‡›`¨vcva¨v‡qi †bZ…‡Z¡ ‘Indian Association’ M‡o D‡VwQj, wVK GKB iKgfv‡e 1885-†Z ewikv‡j cÖ_g ivRˆbwZK cÖwZôv‡bi Rb¥ nq, Ôewikvj RbmvaviY mfvÕ| DwKj c¨vixjvj ivq wQ‡jb G-mfvi mfvcwZ Avi Awk¦bxKzgvi mwµq m`m¨| GLvbKvi m`mïƒ‡cB wZwb gv`ªv‡R AbywôZ 1887-i Ks‡MÖ‡mi Z…Zxq Awa‡ek‡b †hvM w`‡qwQ‡jb| 1897-G Ks‡MÖ‡mi Z…Zxq Awa‡ek‡b (AvgiveZx) wZwb Ks‡MÖm‡K ÔwZbw`‡bi ZvgvmvÕ e‡j e¨½ K‡ib| †Kb-bv GB evwl©K Awa‡ek‡bi g‡a¨ wZwb m`_©K wKQz †`L‡Z cvbwb| me©fviZxq ivRbxwZ †Q‡o wZwb Zuvi †Rjv ewikvj‡KB Kg©‡ÿÎ wbe©vPb K‡ib AZtci| 1905 mv‡j ZvB e½f½ Av‡›`vj‡bi †ec_y mg‡q wZwb MVb K‡ib Ô¯^‡`kevÜe mwgwZÕ| GB mwgwZi gZ mwµq mwgwZ mgMÖ evsjvq GKgvÎ ÔAbykxjb mwgwZÕ Qvov Avi wQj bv| ewikvj †Rjv‡Z GB mwgwZi 174wU kvLv `ªæZ M‡o I‡V| ivRbxwZ QvovI `yt‡¯’i †mev, `ywf©ÿ I eb¨vq AvZ©ÎvY, kixi PP©vi gva¨‡g †`n‡K my¯’ I mvejxj ivLv, MÖš’cv‡Vi Af¨vm M‡o †Zvjv BZ¨vw` f‚wgKv cvjb KiZ GLvbKvi mfë„›`, hv‡ì e„n`skB QvÎm¤úª`vq| Av`k© wkÿK m¤ú‡K© iex›`ªbv_ ÔAvkÖ‡gi wkÿvÕ cÖe‡Ü hv wj‡LwQ‡jb, Awk¦bxKzgvi‡K †mB Dw³wUi Av‡jvq wePvi Ki‡j GB `yB gbxlxi wPšÍvi mv`„k¨ †`L‡Z cve Avgiv| iex›`ªbv_ †j‡Lb, Ô†h ¸iæi AšÍ‡i †Q‡jgvbylwU ïwK‡q KvV n‡q‡Q wZwb †Q‡j‡ì fvi †bIqvi A‡hvM¨| Df‡qi g‡a¨ ïay mvgxc¨ bq, AvšÍwiK mvhyR¨ I mv`„k¨ _vKv PvB, bB‡j †`bv-cvIbvq bvoxi †hvM _v‡K bv|Õ QvÎ‡ì m‡½ GB bvoxi †hvMwU wQj Awk¦bxKzgv‡ii| AvRxeb we`¨v `vb K‡i‡Qb, we`¨v weµq K‡ibwb †Kvbw`b| eªR‡gvnb K‡j‡R Zuvi `xN© cuwPk eQi Aa¨ÿZvi mgq wZwb †eZb †bbwb KL‡bv| Dciš‘ wZwb cuqwÎk nvRvi UvKv `vb K‡i wM‡q‡Qb K‡jR‡K| ZvQvov KZ Qv‡Îi †h †eZb RywM‡q‡Qb, wbR nv‡Z †mev K‡i‡Qb, eB I UvKv cqmv w`‡q mvnvh¨ K‡i‡Qb, Zvi †jLv‡RvLv †bB| iex›`ªbv‡_i kvwšÍwb‡KZb †hgb Jcwblw`K Ave‡n wbwg©Z, †mLvbKvi Dcvmbvj‡qi †M‡U †hgb ÔAvb›ìƒcgg„Zs hwØfvwZÕ †jLv †`wL ev ÔwZwb Avgvi AvZ¥vi Avb›`Õ †hgb aªæec` wQj Zuvi, Awk¦bxKzgv‡iiI †Zgwb PvwjKvkw³ wQj, ÔmZ¨, †cÖg, cweÎZv|Õ Zuvi cÖ‡Z¨K wk‡lï g‡a¨ GB wZb ¸‡Yi Zvrch© I evZ©v wZwb RvwiZ K‡i w`‡Z †P‡qwQ‡jb| Ges Zv GZ Mfxi mÂvix n‡qwQj †h Zv fve‡j wew¯§Z bv n‡q cviv hvq bv| ZvB GLvb †_‡K cvk Kiv †Kvb QvÎ †h mgv‡R kÖ×v I m¤§v‡bi cvÎ n‡e, †m †Zv ¯^Ztwm×| jv‡nvi †_‡K †MŠnvwU ch©šÍ Ggb †Kvb K‡jR wQj bv, †hLv‡b eªR‡gvnb K‡j‡Ri †Kvb bv †Kvb QvÎ‡K Aa¨vcbv Ki‡Z †`Lv hvqwb| Awk¦bxKzgvi `‡Ëi RxebxKvi HwZnvwmK my‡i›`ªbv_ †mb wj‡L‡Qb, ÔmgMÖ ev½vjvq Ggb GKwU we`¨vjqI wQj bv, †hLv‡b eªR‡gvnb we`¨vj‡qi QvÎiv wkÿKZv K‡i bvB|Õ Ô†cÖgÕ bv‡g †h MÖš’wUi K_v Av‡M ejv n‡q‡Q, †m-eBwU wb‡q GKUz Av‡jvPbv Kiv Riæwi| G MÖ‡š’ ¯^‡`k‡cÖg, eÜzcÖxwZ, Ck¦i‡cÖg †hgb Av‡Q, †Zgwb bi-bvixi †cÖg wb‡qI Av‡jvPbv i‡q‡Q| GB mvgwMÖK †cÖ‡gi e¨vwß †evSv‡Z wM‡q Awk¦bxKzgvi MÖš’wU‡Z †h-KÕwU wbkvbv‡K †cÖ‡gi ¯îƒc wn‡m‡e wPwýZ K‡i‡Qb, †m¸wj nj, 1. Avb›`, 2. beZ¡, 3. wbZ¨Z¡, 4. D”PZ¡, 5. e¨vwßZ¡ Ges 6. ¯^v_©ivwnZ¨| e¯‘Z, Awk¦bxKzgv‡ii Rxe‡bi GB †cÖg wQj Zuvi RxebewZ©Kv hv wZwb Zuvi mvgwMÖK Rxe‡bi wewPÎ Kg©gywLbZvq mÂvi K‡i w`‡qwQ‡jb| Zuvi ¯^‡`k wn‰ZlYv GB †cÖgRvZ, AvZ©Îv‡Y evievi

Zuvi gnZx f‚wgKvi wcQ‡bI i‡q‡Q GB †cÖg, A_v©r gvbecÖxwZ| B‡”Q Ki‡j wZwb ewikvj †Q‡o Av‡iv e„nËi gvbwP‡Î wb‡R‡K ¯’vcb Ki‡Z cvi‡Zb wKš‘ ewikv‡ji cÖwZ cÖxwZekZB Zuvi †hŠe‡bi Dceb Avi eva©‡Kï evivbmx n‡q iBj GB ewikvj| cÖL¨vZ †jLK (Ôgnvivóª RxebcÖfvZÕ, ÔivRcyZ RxebmÜ¨vÕ, ÔThe Economic History of India’) I GK`v ewikv‡ji g¨vwR‡÷ªU i‡gkP›`ª `Ë Zuv‡K e‡jwQ‡jb, bvg Ki‡Z PvB‡j †hb wZwb KjKvZvq evm K‡ib, Avi KvR Ki‡Z PvB‡j ewikv‡j| wb‡Ri †Rjv‡K nv‡Zi Zvjyi gZ wP‡b wb‡q ewikv‡j i‡q †M‡jb wZwb Avi ˆZwi Ki‡jb AMwYZ B¯úvZ, huv‡ì Kj¨v‡Y `yM©wZ †gvPb n‡qwQj A‡bKUv| †Kej QvÎivB bq, †`‡ki gbxlx I wkÿveªZxivI GB wbf©xK I AwšÍg ch©šÍ mZZvi cÖwZg~wZ© gvbylwU‡K kÖ×v Ki‡Zb| 1908G Awk¦bxKzgvi‡K †R‡j †h‡Z nq| GK eQi ev‡` Zuvi Kvivgyw³i cÖwZwµqv †Kgb wQj fwMbx wb‡ew`Zvi? cÖeªvwRKv gyw³cÖvYv Zuvi iwPZ, ÔfwMbx wb‡ew`ZvÕ MÖ‡š’ Rvbv‡”Qb, Ô†deªæqvwi gv‡m (1910) Awk¦bxKzgvi `Ë cÖf„wZ wbe©vwPZ bqRb †bZv gyw³jvf Ki‡jb| wb‡ew`Zvi †mw`b Kx Avb›`! we`¨vjq MÖš’vMv‡i gv½wjK Abyôv‡bi wPý¯îƒc c~Y©Kz¤¢ I KjvMvQ ivLv nBj Ges Avb‡›ì w`b ewjqv we`¨vj‡q †g‡q‡ì QzwU †Ìqv nBj|Õ nu¨v, wVK GBfv‡eB GK we`¨v`vÎx Ab¨ GK we`¨v`vZv‡K †mw`b m¤§vb cÖ`k©b K‡iwQ‡jb| my‡i›`ªbv_ e‡›`¨vcva¨vq Zuvi m¤ú‡K© wjL‡Qb, ÔHe organized the whole district for the Swadeshi Movement| Ab¨w`‡K wecbP›`ª cvj Zuvi m¤ú‡K© kÖ×v cÖKvk K‡ib GKBfv‡e, ÔIn Aswini Kumar, we have a most convincing proof of the profound spirituality of the Nationalist Movement in Bengal.

my‡i›`ªbv_ Ges wewcbP›`ªÑ GKRb bigcš’x, Ab¨Rb Pigcš’x| wKš‘ `yÕR‡bB Awk¦bxKzgv‡ii cÖwZ mgvb kÖ×vebZ| HwZnvwmK W. mywgZ miKvi The Swadeshi Movement in Bangal MÖ‡š’ Zuvi m¤ú‡K© hv e‡j‡Qb, Zv ZR©gv Ki‡j ùvovq, ÔAwk¦bxKzgv‡ii e¨w³Z¡ Aiwe‡›ì gZ AwMœwkLvi ùzwj½ bv n‡jI wZwb †h MYwfwËK Av‡›`vjb M‡o Zz‡jwQ‡jb Zvi bwRi ¯^‡`kx hy‡Mi Avi †Kvb †bZvi g‡a¨ cvIqv hvq bv|Õ Awk¦bxKzgvi wQ‡jb †ekwKQz MÖ‡š’i cÖ‡YZv, Kg©‡hvM, fw³‡hvM, `y‡M©vrmeZË¡ BZ¨vw` MÖš’ QvovI †ek wKQz msMxZ iPbv K‡iwQ‡jb wZwb| bvbv mg‡q †Ìqv Zuvi wKQz Bs‡iwR-evsjv fvlYI m¼wjZ n‡q‡Q| MÖš’Kviiƒ‡cI †h wZwb KZLvwb mv_©K wQ‡jb, Zuvi cÖgvY, ¯^qs ew¼gP›`ª Zuvi Ôfw³‡hvMÕ cvV K‡i wjL‡Qb, ÔAvgvi wek¦vm †h, Giƒc DrK…ó MÖš’ ev½vjv fvlvq m¤úªwZ †`wL bvB A_ev ev½vjv fvlvq AíB †`wLqvwQ|Õ wØ‡R›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii AwfgZ, ÔAvgvi aªæe wek¦vm †h, Avcbvi cy¯ÍK cv‡V Avevj-e„×-ewbZv mK‡jB we‡kl DcK…Z nB‡eb|Õ gbxlx ivRbvivqY emyI G MÖš’ cv‡V gy» n‡q bv e‡j cv‡ibwb| a‡g©i m¼xY©Zv bq, D`viZvi cwiPq †i‡L‡Qb †jLK, ivRbvivq‡Yi m‡šÍvl G-Rb¨, ÔZzwg †Kvb we‡kl m¤úª`v‡qi Rb¨ GB MÖš’ wjL bvB, mKj m¤úª`v‡qi Rb¨ wjwLqvQ, Bnv Avgvi we‡kl m‡šÍv‡li KviY nBqv‡Q|... Zzwg †hLv‡b Ck¦i †cÖ‡gi welq wjwLqvQ †mB mKj ¯’vb Ag„Z|Õ †ifv‡iÛ ÷c‡dvW© eªæ‡Ki gšÍe¨wU GKUz `xN©| Zey cÖvmw½K e‡j D×vi bv K‡i cviv †Mj bv, ÔSince I have read, I have been in another world than this noisy world of the west, where we spend our days in pursuing nothing which we think everything... the little stories which illustrate your points of thought and pratice are of great interest, and I am personally delighted with the quotations from the poets of India. The life of that great country is made clearer and nearer to me.

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†deªæqvwi 2018

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emy-AvBb÷vBb cwimsL¨vb, emy-AvBb÷vBb Nbxfeb, †evm‡bi Dci M‡elYv K‡i 1984 mv‡j c`v_©weÁv‡b †bv‡ej cyi¯‹vi jvf K‡ib Carlo Rubbia Ges Simon van der Meer, 1996 mv‡j David M. Lee, Douglas D. Osheroff, Robert C. Richardson, 1999 mv‡j Martinus J. G. Veltman I Gerardus ’t Hooft, 2001 mv‡j Eric Allin Cornell, Carl Edwin Wieman Ges Wolfgang Ketterle, wKš‘ `yf©vM¨RbKfv‡e †evm‡K †bv‡ej cyi¯‹vi cÖ`vb Kiv nqwb| Zv‡ì †bv‡ej cyi¯‹vi †Ìqvi KviY m¤ú‡K© ejv nq, for the achievement of Bose-Einstein condensation in dilute gases of alkali atoms, and for early fundamental studies of the properties of the condensates. W. RqšÍweòy bviwjKi Zuvi m¤ú‡K© e‡jb, “S. N. BoseÕs work on particle statistics (c. 1922), which clarified the behaviour of photons (the particles of light in an enclosure) and opened the door to new ideas on statistics of Microsystems that obey the rules of quantum theory, was one of the top ten achievements of 20th century Indian science and could be considered in the Nobel Prize class.” m‡Z¨b emy 1929 mv‡j fviZxq weÁvb Ks‡MÖ‡mi c`v_© weÁvb kvLvi mfvcwZ Ges 1944mv‡j weÁvb Ks‡MÖ‡mi mfvcwZ wbe©vwPZ nb| 1958 mv‡j wZwb jÛ‡bi i‡qj †mvmvBwUi †d‡jv nb| BwÛqvb ÷¨vwUw÷K¨vj Bbw÷wUDU, KjKvZv wek¦we`¨vjq, Gjvnvev` wek¦we`¨vjq I hvècyi wek¦we`¨vjq Zuv‡K m¤§vbm~PK W±‡iU wWwMÖ cÖ`vb K‡i| 1959 mv‡j fviZ miKvi Zuv‡K RvZxq Aa¨vcK c‡` g‡bvbxZ K‡ib| wek¦fviZx wek¦we`¨vjq Zuv‡K †`wk‡KvËg Ges fviZ miKvi cÙwef~lY Dcvwa‡Z f~wlZ K‡i| XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡q Zuvi bv‡g m‡Z¨b emy Aa¨vcK (Bose Professor) c` i‡q‡Q| 1986 mv‡j KjKvZv kn‡i Zuvi bv‡g m‡Z¨›`ªbv_ emy RvZxq †gŠwjK weÁvb †K›`ª bv‡g M‡elYv †K›`ª ¯’vwcZ nq| evsjv fvlvq weÁvb PP©vi †¶‡Î Zvi Ag~j¨ Ae`vb i‡q‡Q| Zuvi †bZ…‡Z¡ KjKvZvq 1948 mv‡j e½xq weÁvb cwil` MwVZ nq| GB cwil‡ì gyLcvÎ wn‡m‡e evsjvfvlvq weÁvb cwÎKv Ávb I weÁvb cÖKvwkZ nq| 1963 mv‡j Ávb I weÁvb-G †KejgvÎ †gŠwjK M‡elYv wbeÜ wb‡q ÔivR‡kLi emy msL¨vÕ cÖKvk K‡i wZwb †`Lvb, evsjv fvlvq weÁv‡bi †gŠwjK wbeÜ iPbv m¤¢e| 1974 mv‡ji 4 †deªæqvwi GB ÿYRb¥v weÁvbx KjKvZvq g„ZzëiY K‡ib| msKwjZ

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gv‡S g‡a¨ GB me ey‡ov¸‡jvI G cvovq Av‡m| eqmKv‡ji ¯^fve hv‡e †Kv_vq? ÿgZv bv _vK nu¨vPo†cvPo K‡i g‡i, A¯’v‡b Kz-¯’v‡b nvZ eywj‡q †VuvU eywj‡q g‡bi †LvqvBk †gUvq| Z‡e nu¨v, Giv wKš‘ †èvi †ejvq wKc‡Uwg K‡i bv, eis †i‡Ui †P‡q wKQz †ewkB †`q| kvjv gvKov¸‡jv f`ª‡jvK e‡b †Mj! Mwj‡Z †b‡g G‡m †Ìqvj a‡i ùvovj A_P †cUI fij bv, KcvjUvB Lvivc! wKQzUv nZvk n‡qB Kj¨vYx fvejÑ n‡e bv, Av‡Rv wKQz n‡e bv... Zvi †P‡q eis N‡iB wd‡i hvB| wbðqB Kv‡iv Kz-bRi †j‡M‡Q, bB‡j GgbUv n‡e †Kb? GB‡Zv wKQzw`b Av‡MI nvivwg¸‡jv fv`ªgv‡mi KzKz‡ii gZ Mv‡q Mv‡q †jc‡U _vKZ, GLb me kvjvi cvLv MwR‡q‡Q| Zvi †P‡q N‡i wd‡i hvIqvB fvj| Avevi fvej N‡i wM‡qB ev †Kvb Kjv Qvov‡e, Zvi †P‡q Av‡iv GKUz bv nq †`LvB hvK, †eov‡ji fv‡M¨ hw` wku‡K †Q‡o| `y‡Uv †avc-`yi¯Í gvj mvg‡b w`‡q P‡j †Mj| Bkviv m‡Ë¡I GKevi wd‡iI ZvKvj bv, wK j¾v! G K_v Kv‡iv Kv‡Q ejv hv‡e bv| Z‡e wK G cvov †_‡K Abœ NyPj? wK n‡e Gici? †jv‡Ki evwo‡Z wK wS-wMwi Ki‡Z n‡e? eyK Lvwj K‡i GKUv `xN©k¦vm †ewi‡q Av‡m Kj¨vYxi| nVvrB Kj¨vYxi bRi coj eo iv¯Ívi w`K †KD GKRb GBw`‡KB GwM‡q Avm‡Q| cyiæl bv gwnjv AveQv Av‡jvq wVK †evSv hv‡”Q bv| wKš‘ G‡Zv Av‡¯Í nuvU‡Q †Kb! g‡b nq Gw`K Iw`K ZvwK‡q wKQz LyuR‡Q! Av‡iv GKUz Kv‡Q Avm‡ZB †evSv †Mj cyiæl gvbylB e‡U| wKš‘ G wK, G †h †`LwQ aywZ-civ gvj! wbðqB †Kvb †`nvwZ n‡e| bq‡Zv IB iKg K¨vejvi gZ †KD nuv‡U? Av‡iv GKUz GwM‡q Avm‡Z Kj¨vYx nZvk njÑ hvt Kjv, G †h †`LwQ ey‡ov nve&ov! GB Nv‡Uigiv GLv‡b wK Ki‡Z G‡m‡Q, hZme b¨vKwg, Xs †`‡L Avi euvwP bv| Z‡e AvR ey‡ov nve&ovB Kcv‡j Av‡Q? gv‡S g‡a¨ GB me ey‡ov¸‡jvI G cvovq Av‡m| eqmKv‡ji ¯^fve hv‡e †Kv_vq? ÿgZv bv _vK nu¨vPo-†cvPo K‡i g‡i, A¯’v‡b Kz-¯’v‡b nvZ eywj‡q †VuvU eywj‡q g‡bi †LvqvBk †gUvq| Z‡e nu¨v, Giv wKš‘ †èvi †ejvq wKc‡Uwg K‡i bv, eis †i‡Ui †P‡q wKQz †ewkB †`q| Kj¨vYx wVK K‡i wbj, †nvK ey‡ov ÿwZ wK? Avgvi †Zv cqmv cvIqv wb‡q K_v| cy®úgvwmi K_vqÑ †d‡jv Kwo gv‡Lv †Zj, Avwg wK †Zvgvi ci? ey‡ovUv ZL‡bv nvZ`‡kK `~‡i, Kj¨vYx cv‡q cv‡q GwM‡q wM‡q G‡Kev‡i ey‡ovi gy‡LvgywL ùvovjÑ Kx †Mv bvMi, Ggb DZjv n‡q Kv‡K Lyu‡R †eov‡”Q? Lvevi _vjv‡Zv †Zvgvi mvg‡b nvwRi, Pj Avgvi N‡i Pj, D‡ë cv‡ë †hgb Lywk Lv‡e| j¨v¤ú‡cv÷ †_‡K GKUz `~‡i nIqv‡Z GLv‡b AÜKviUv wKQz †ewk| ey‡ov †jvKUv Kj¨vYxi gy‡Li Kv‡Q gyL G‡b wK †hb LuywU‡q †`Lvi †Póv Ki‡Q, †hb †Pv‡Li cjK co‡Q bv... Kj¨vYx gyPwK †n‡m ejjÑ Agb nv K‡i wK †`LQ bvMi, Mv‡qi Pvgov Sz‡j †M‡Q wKbv? bv‡Mv bv, cÂvk eQ‡ii eywo bB, G‡Kev‡i Wuvkv gvj, nvZ w`‡q ciL Ki‡Z cvi| ey‡ov †jvKUv wKš‘ GKBfv‡e ZvwK‡q Av‡Q, AÜKv‡i gyLUv Vvni Ki‡Z cvi‡Q bv wVKB... wK ej‡Q ¯úó †evSv bv †M‡jI wKš‘ Mjvi ¯îUv ûeû wg‡j hv‡”Q| cÖej D‡ËRbvq ey‡ov †jvKUv †hb K_v ej‡ZB fz‡j †M‡Q| cv‡Q L‡Ïi nvZQvov n‡q hvq †mB AvksKvq Kj¨vYxi †hb Zi mB‡Q bv, ZvB ejjÑ GB AÜKv‡i Mwj‡Z Agb

†deªæqvwi 2018

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wZwb g‡b K‡ib, Av‡g`vev‡` wKQzw`b _vKvi ci †gR`v`v g‡b Ki‡jb, we‡`k‡K hviv †`‡ki im w`‡Z cv‡i †mB iKg †g‡q‡ì m‡½ iwe‡K wgwj‡q w`‡Z cvi‡j nq‡Zv NiQvov gb Avivg cv‡e| Bs‡iwR fvlv wkLevi †mB n‡e mnR Dcvq| gy¤^B‡qi †h evwo‡Z wZwb AvkÖq MÖnY K‡iwQ‡jb †m evwoi GKwU †g‡q, Aek¨B AvbvÑ GLbKviKv‡ji cov‡kvbv, SKS‡K K‡i †g‡R G‡bwQj Zuvi wkÿv we‡jZ †_‡K| Avbv we‡jZ wM‡qwQ‡jb iwei `yÕeQi Av‡M 1876 wLª÷v‡ã| iwe 1878-G we‡j‡Z wZwb Avb©m f¨v‡j †mwgUwi‡Z mgvwnZ ivRv ivg‡gvnb iv‡qi cÖwZ kÖ×v Rvwb‡qwQ‡jb 1876-Gi 26 AvM÷| AMÖeZ©x widwg©÷ ivRv ivg‡gvnb iv‡qi cÖwZ Avbv I Zuvi evev kÖ×v Rvbv‡bvi c‡i wfwWUm© ey‡K ¯^vÿiI K‡iwQ‡jb| Gic‡i iwe wj‡L‡Qb, Avgvi we‡`¨ mvgvb¨B, Avgv‡K †njv Ki‡j †`vl †Ìqv †h‡Z cviZ bv| Zv K‡ibwb| cuyw_MZ we`¨v djvevi gZ cuywR wQj bv, ZvB mywe‡a †c‡jB iwe Rvwb‡q w`‡Zb KweZv wjLevi nvZ i‡q‡Q Zuvi| Avì Av`vq Kievi †mUvB wQj me‡P‡q eo g~jab| Avbv iwei KwecÖwZfv‡K †g‡c †`Lvi ìKvi g‡b K‡ibwb| webv ev‡K¨ †g‡b wb‡qwQ‡jb| iwei ÔKwe KvwnbxÕ hLb bZzb`v`vi D‡`¨v‡M cÖKvwkZ nq ZLb wZwb we‡j‡Z| Avbv eBwUi GK Kwc Dcnvi wn‡m‡e cvIqvi c‡i bZzb`v`v‡K GKwU wPwV †j‡Lb 1878 wLª÷v‡ãi 26 b‡f¤^‡i| ejv evûj¨, ÔKweKvwnbxÕi cÖvq me KweZvB bZzb`v`vi D‡`¨v‡M fviZx‡Z cÖKvwkZ n‡qwQj| Avbv †RvwZwi›`ªbv_‡K GB wPwV‡Z †j‡Lb, fviZxi c„ôv †_‡K ÔKweKvwnbxÕi KweZv iwe Zuv‡K cvV K‡i †kvbv‡Zb| Bs‡iwR Abyev` K‡i Zv Avbv‡K eywS‡q w`‡Zb| iwei Kv‡Q Zuvi evsjv wkÿvi m~PbvI n‡qwQj| we‡jZhvÎvi Av‡M fviZxi †mB we‡kl msL¨v¸wj Avbv‡K iwe Dcnvi w`‡qwQ‡jb| †RvwZwi›`ªbv_‡K †jLv Avbvi wPwV: Bombay 65, Kandevadi Novr, 26th [1878] Dear sir, I have to apologise to you for having kept your kind letter of the 11th inst., with the copy of ÔKweKvwnbxÕ unacknowledged so long; but various causes, in the shape of illness, have combined to hinder me from doing so till the present moment, and even as I write this, I have fever upon me. Thank you very much indeed for sending me the entire publication of ÔKweKvwnbxÕ though I have the poem myself in the number’ of ÔfviZxÕ, in which it was first published, and which Mr. Tagore was good enough to give me before going away; and have had it read and translated to me, till I know the poem almost by heart. You are under a misapprehension when you suppose that I have “learnt” Bengali. I was only a beginner, for ill-health has come in the way of my studies, and I have had to cease continuing them. Believe me Yours sincerely Ana Turkhud. Avbvi GB wPwV cÖ_g Rxe‡bi KL‡bv †`‡LwQ‡jb wKbv Zv ejv KwVb| wKš‘ Rxe‡bi †kl cÖv‡šÍ DcbxZ nIqvi c‡i mRbxKvšÍ `v‡mi †mŠR‡b¨ wPwVwU †`Lvi c‡i iwe w¯’i n‡q wKQzÿY Pzc K‡i iB‡jb| Zvici cyÎ i_x‡K †W‡K cvVv‡jb| wPwVwU cyÎ‡K †`wL‡q ej‡jb, †Zvgiv hw` iex›`ª hv`yNi Ki‡Z PvI, GB cÎwU‡K me©vwaK †MŠi‡ei

†deªæqvwi 2018

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DËivL‡Ði †gvU †ÿÎdj 53 nvRvi 4 †kv 83 eM© wK‡jvwgUvi, hvi 86 kZvsk cve©Z¨ Ges 65 kZvsk AiY¨-Av”Qvw`Z| iv‡R¨i DËifv‡Mi AwaKvsk GjvKvRy‡o wngvjq ce©Zk„½ Ges wngevn| Ebwesk kZvãxi cÖ_gv‡a© fviZxq moK, †ij I Ab¨vb¨ †fŠZ AeKvVv‡gvi Dbœq‡bi d‡j wbwe©Pvi e„ÿwba‡b we‡klZ wngvjq AÂj ûgwKi m¤§yLxb nq| DËivL‡Ði M‡½vÎx I hgy‡bvÎx wngevn †_‡K wn›`y

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RbwgwZ

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RvwZMZ †Mvôx

DËivL‡Ð eû RvwZ-†Mvôxi emevmÑ Mv‡ovqvj I Kzgvqyb `yB f~mvs¯‹…wZK AÂ‡j we¯Í…Z| RbmsL¨vi GKUv eo Ask ivRcyZ (A‡bK †Mvôx f~Zc~e© Rwg`vi kvmK I Zv‡`i Aa¯Íb cyiæl), GQvov Av‡Q ¯’vbxq Mv‡ovqvjx I Kzgvqbx RbMY; Av‡Q ¸R©i m¤úª`v‡qi gvbyl Avi Av‡Q wecyjmsL¨K ewnivMZ| DËivL‡Ð eªvþ‡Yi msL¨v A‡bKÑ †gvU RbmsL¨vi cÖvq 20 kZvsk| GLv‡b Zcwmwj m¤úª`v‡qi †jv‡Ki msL¨v Kg bqÑ 18.76 kZvsk| GQvov Av‡Q _viæ, †RŠbmvwi, ey·v, fzwUqv I ivwR cÖf…wZ Zcwmwj DcRvwZ, RbmsL¨vi 2.89 kZvsk|

fvlv

2001 mv‡ji cwimsL¨vb Abyhvqx DËivL‡Ð 87.95% gvbyl wnw›`, 5.86 kZvsk D`©y, 2.91 kZvsk cvÄvwe, 1.45 kZvsk evsjv, 1.07 kZvsk †bcvwj fvlvq K_v e‡j| wnw›` n‡”Q B‡›`v-Avh© fvlv hv iv‡R¨i miKvwi fvlv| Mv‡ovqvjx, Kzgvhybx, †RŠbmvwiiv wnw›`fvlx| ms¯‹…Z wØZxq miKvwi fvlv| †fvUx, RvW, iv¼v, Wvwg©qv, weqvswm I †PŠ`vswmi gZ wZeŸZx-eg©x fvlvI G AÂ‡j cÖPwjZ|

ag©

2011 mv‡ji ïgvwi Abyhvqx DËivL‡Ð wn›`y (82.97 kZvsk), gymjgvb (13.95 kZvsk), wkL (2.34 kZvsk), wLª÷vb (0.37 kZvsk), †eŠ× (0.15 kZvsk) I Ab¨vb¨ ag© ev ag©nxb (0.13 kZvsk) gvby‡li emevm|

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†deªæqvwi 2018

R‡Mk¦‡i Aew¯’Z GK HwZnvwmK gw›`i

ms¯‹…wZ

DËivL‡Ði êwPÎ¨gq Rb‡Mvôxi Kvi‡Y wnw›`, Kzgvqybx, Mv‡ovqvjx, †RŠbmvwi I †fvwU fvlvq mvwnZ¨ PP©v P‡j| MxwZKweZv AvKv‡i A‡bK HwZnëvnx Mí cÖPwjZ i‡q‡Q| M½cÖmv` wegj, g‡bvni k¨vg †hvkx, cÖm~b †hvkx, †kLi †hvkx, ˆk‡jk gvwUqvwb, wkevbx, msMxZ-bvUK GKv‡Wwg cyi¯‹vicÖvß †gvni Dc&‡iwZ, weGg kvn, mvwnZ¨ GKv‡Wwg cyi¯‹vicÖvß g½‡jk `veivj Ges ÁvbcxV cyi¯‹vicÖvß mywgÎvb›`b cš’ G AÂ‡ji wewkó mvwnwZ¨K I †jLK| cÖL¨vZ `vk©wbK I cwi‡ekwe` my›ìjvj eû¸Yv I e›`bv wke DËivL‡Ði gvbyl| ewe K¨vk †`kweL¨vZ MvqK| G AÂ‡ji bvP gvbe Rxeb I gvbe‡`‡ni mgwš^Z fvebve¨Äbvgq| jsexi b„Z¨ cyiæl‡ì bvPÑ A‡bKUv kvixwiK Kmi‡Zi gZ| ei`v bwZ †jvKb„Z¨ n‡”Q †RŠbmvi-evIi‡ì Av‡iK ai‡bi bvP hv ag©xq Drm‡ei mgq cwi‡ewkZ nq| Ab¨vb¨ mycwiwPZ bv‡Pi g‡a¨ Av‡Q ûoKv evDj, †Sviv PuvPwi, SzgvBjv, †PŠdzjv, †Qvwjqv| msMxZ n‡”Q DËivL‡Ði ms¯‹…wZi Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask| RbwcÖq †jvKmsMx‡Zi g‡a¨ Av‡Q, g½j, evmšÍx, Ly‡ì I †QvcvwZ| Gme †jvKMxwZ †Xvj, `vgvD, Zzwi, †ivwmsNv, †XvjwK, †`Ši, _vwj, fvs‡Kviv cÖf…wZ ev`¨h‡š¿i m‡½ MxZ nq| Ô†e`yy cv‡KvÕ DËivL‡Ði GKwU RbwcÖq †jvKmsMxZ hv AvšÍR©vwZK L¨vwZjvf Ki‡Q| wKse`šÍxi gh©v`v jvfKvix G †jvKmsMxZwU ej‡Z †M‡j DËivL‡Ði †emiKvwi RvZxq msMxZ| GQvov Ck¦i e›`bvi Rb¨ Av‡Q RvMi ev RMwiqvÑ Ck¦i cÖkw¯Íg~jK Mvb| G‡Z gnvfviZ I ivgvq‡Yi bvbv Kvwnwb MxZ nq| b‡i›`ª wms †bMx Ges gxbv ivbv DËivL‡Ði `yB weL¨vZ †jvKmsMxZ wkíx| DËivL‡Ði `viæwkí weL¨vZ| GLvbKvi gw›`‡i gw›`‡i Kv‡Vi bvbv iK‡gi KvR †`L‡Z cvIqv hvq| mß`k-Ebwesk kZvãx‡Z G AÂ‡j cvnvwo wPÎKjv weKvk jvf K‡i| †gvjv ivg Kvsov wPÎixwZi Mv‡ovqvj kvLvi PP©v ïiæ K‡ib| ¸‡ji ivR¨ n‡”Q Kvsov wPÎKjvi DrcwË¯’j| Kzgvqybx wkíKjv A‡bKUv R¨vwgwZK| Ab¨we`¨v Mv‡ovqvjx wkíKjv cÖK…wZNwbô| wn›`y‡ì Ab¨Zg cÖavb Zx_©‡ÿÎ nwiØvi Kz¤¢‡gjv DËivL‡Ð AbywôZ n‡q _v‡K| fvi‡Zi †h 4wU ¯’v‡b G †gjv AbywôZ nq, nwiØvi Zvi Ab¨Zg| nwiØvi 2010 mv‡ji 14 Rvbyqvwi †_‡K 28 GwcÖj ch©šÍ (gKi msµvwšÍ †_‡K êkvLx c~wY©gv ch©šÍ) c~Y©Kz¤¢ †gjvi Av‡qvRb K‡i| wn›`y Zx_©hvÎx‡ì m‡½ c„w_exi wewfbœ cÖvšÍ †_‡K Avmv nvRvi nvRvi we‡`kx we‡k¦i e„nËg ag©xq mgv‡ek e‡j we‡ewPZ G Drm‡e †hvM †`b| Kzgvqybx †nvwji AšÍfy©³ n‡”Q êVwK †nvwj, Lvwo †nvwj I gvwnjv †nvwj| emšÍ cÂgx †_‡K ïiæ n‡q G Drme cÖvq gvmLv‡bK P‡j| M½v `kniv, emšÍ cÂgx, gKi msµvwšÍ, Nx msµvwšÍ, LvUviæqv, fvU mvweÎx I dzj †`B Ab¨vb¨ cÖavb Drme| GQvov K‡bvqvi hvÎv, †Kv›`wj Drme, i¤§b, nv‡ijv †gjv, bIPwÐ †gjv, wMwÏ †gjv, DËivqbx †gjv Ges b›`v †èx ivR RvZ †gjv AbywôZ n‡q _v‡K|

†deªæqvwi 2018

A_©bxwZ

DËivLÐ n‡”Q fvi‡Zi wØZxq `ªæZZg cÖe„w×kxj ivR¨| iv‡Rï Mo †`kR Drcv`b 2005-Gi Zyjbvq 2012-q wØ¸‡bi †ewkÑ 24 nvRvi 7 †kv 86 †KvwU iæwc †_‡K †e‡o 60 nvRvi 8 †kv 98 †KvwU iæwc| cÖe„w×i nvi 13.7 kZvsk| 2013 mv‡j DËivL‡Ði gv_vwcQz Avq wQj 1 jvL 3 nvRvi iæwc, hv RvZxq M‡oi (74 nvRvi 9 †kv 20 iæwc) †P‡q †ewk| fvi‡Zi AwaKvsk iv‡Rï gZ DËivL‡Ði A_©bxwZ‡Z K…wl LyeB ¸iæZ¡c~Y© LvZ| euvkgwZ Pvj, Mg, mqvweb, wPbv ev`vg, †gvUv km¨, Wvj I ˆZjexR e¨vcK Drcvw`Z km¨| Av‡cj, Kgjv, bvkcwZ, wcP, wjPz I cvg cÖPzi cwigv‡Y R‡b¥ Ges Gme Lv`¨ cÖwµqvRvZKiY wk‡íi ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Dcv`vb| wjPz, D`¨vbcvwjZ djg~j, ¸j¥, Jl‡ai MvQ-MvQov I euvkgwZ Pv‡ji Rb¨ K…wl ißvwb GjvKv cÖwZôv Kiv n‡q‡Q| AvL Pvl iv‡Rï Av‡iKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© K…wlKvR| iv‡Rï 86 kZvsk f~wg cve©Z¨ nIqvq K…wlRwgi cwigvY Kg| Ab¨vb¨ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wk‡íi g‡a¨ ch©Ub I Rjwe`y¨r AšÍfz©³| AvBwU, AvBwUBGm, ev‡qv‡UK‡bvjwR, dvgv©wmDwUK¨vjm I A‡Uv‡gvevBj wkí weKvkgvb| PvKwii LvZ¸‡jv n‡”Q ch©Ub, Z_¨cÖhyw³, D”Pwkÿv I e¨vswKs| B‡Zvg‡a¨ nwiØvi, cš’bMi I wmZviM‡Ä 3wU mgwš^Z wkí GjvKv, †mjvKzB‡q dvg©v wmwU (Jla bMi) mn¯ªaviv (†ìv`yb)-q Z_¨cÖhyw³ cvK© Ges wmMvwÇ (†KvUØvi)-†Z GKwU †MÖv_ †m›Uvi M‡o D‡V‡Q|

cÖvwY I Dw™¢`

DËivLÐ cÖvwY I Dw™¢` m¤ú‡` ficyi êwPÎ¨gq GKwU ivR¨| Gi †gvU ebf~wgi cwigvY 34 nvRvi 6 †kv 66 eM© wK‡jvwgUvi, hv iv‡Rï †gvU †ÿÎd‡ji 65 kZvsk| DËivLÐ weij cÖvwY I Dw™¢‡ì evm¯’vb| wewfbœ m¨vsPzqvwi I msiÿYkvjvq G-m‡ei myiÿvi eë¯’v n‡q‡Q| RvZxq D`¨v‡bi g‡a¨ wRg Ki‡eU D`¨vb me‡P‡q cyi‡bv| GwU ˆbwbZvj †Rjvi ivgbM‡i Aew¯’Z| Pv‡gvwj †Rjvi f¨vwj Ad d¬vIqvm© RvZxq D`¨vb Ges b›`v †èx RvZxq D`¨vbÑ G `yÕwU BD‡b‡¯‹v wek¦ HwZn¨ ¯’vb| SvoLÐ Qvov Ab¨Î cvIqv hvq bv Ggb K‡qKwU AvšÍR©vwZKfv‡e wecbœ Dw™¢`mn wecyjmsL¨K Dw™¢` cÖRvwZ nwiØvi †Rjvi ivRvwR RvZxq D`¨vb Ges DËiKvkx †Rjvi †Mvwe›` cï wenvi RvZxq D`¨vb I m¨vsPzqvwi Ges M‡½vÎx RvZxq D`¨v‡b cvIqv hvq| we¯Í…Z cve©Z¨ AÂ‡j wPZvevN cÖPzi cwigv‡Y cvIqv hvq, Z‡e Zviv wb‡Pi mgf‚wg‡Z KL‡bv KL‡bv †b‡g Av‡m| GQvovI Av‡Q eb weovj, D`&weovj I wPZv weovj| Ab¨vb¨ ¯Íb¨cvqx‡ì g‡a¨ Av‡Q nwiY (evwK©s wWqvi, m¤î, nM I wPZj), ¯ø_ I wngvjqvb Kv‡jv fjøyK, fviZxq a~mi †ewR, IUvi, njy‡` Mjvi gv‡U©b, fvij (cvnvwo

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Wv‡b 27 Rvbyqvwi, 2018 mÜ¨vq kvnev‡Mi RvZxq Rv`yN‡ii Kwe mywdqv Kvgvj wgjbvqZ‡b AvBwRwmwm Av‡qvwRZ msMxZmÜ¨vq fvi‡Zi kÖxgZx Acjv emyi iex›`ªmsMxZ cwi‡ekb wb‡P 29 Rvbyqvwi, 2018 nvB Kwgkbvi KÌK ¸iæ gybgyb Avn‡g‡ì cwiPvjbvq Bw›ìv MvÜx mvs¯‹…wZK †K›`ª, XvKvi KÌK wk¶v_©x‡ì Abe`¨ cwi‡ekbv Dc‡fvM K‡ib| evsjv‡`k RvZxq Rv`yN‡i AbywôZ b„Z¨vbyôv‡b cÖavb AwZw_ wQ‡jb evsjv‡`‡ki gvbbxq ms¯‹…wZgš¿x Avmv`y¾vgvb b~i

Regd. No. DA 355 Bharat Bichitra February 2018

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