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1954 mv‡ji †g gvm| Avgiv mK‡j kc_ wb‡Z mKvj bqUvq jvU fe‡b1 Dcw¯’Z njvg| Avgv‡`i hLb gš¿x wnmv‡e kc_ †bIqv †kl nj, wVK †mB mgq Lei Gj Av`gRx RyU wg‡j2 evOvwj I AevOvwj kÖwgK‡`i g‡a¨ fxlY `v½vnv½vgv ïiæ n‡q‡Q| †fviivZ †_‡K ˆmq` AvwRRyj nK †mLv‡b Dcw¯’Z Av‡Qb| iv‡ZB BwcAvi †dvm© I cywjk evwnbx †mLv‡b †gvZv‡qb Kiv n‡q‡Q| XvKvi `yÕGKRb eo miKvwi Kg©KZ©v I cywj‡ki Kg©PvixivI Dcw¯’Z Av‡Qb| Avgiv hLb kc_ wbw”Q wVK †mB gyn~‡Z© `v½v ïiæ nIqvi KviY wK? eyS‡Z evwK iBj bv, G GK Aïf j¶Y! nK mv‡ne Avgv‡`i wb‡q †mvRv iIqvbv Ki‡jb Av`gRx RyU wg‡j| ZLb bvivqYMÄ n‡q j‡Â †h‡Z nZ| †mvRv iv¯Ív n‡q‡Q, Z‡e Mvwo ZLbI fv‡jvfv‡e Pj‡Z cv‡i bv| UªvK I wRc Kó K‡i †h‡Z cv‡i| mK‡jB iIqvbv n‡q †M‡Qb| Avgv‡K jvUfe‡bi mvg‡b RbZv wN‡i †djj Ges Avgv‡K wb‡q †kvfvhvÎv Zviv Ki‡e e‡j wVK K‡i‡Q| Zv‡`i eywS‡q we`vq wb‡Z Ava NÈvi gZ †`wi n‡q †Mj| bvivqYMÄ †h‡q ïbjvg, nK mv‡ne Avgvi Rb¨ A‡c¶v K‡i XvKv iIqvbv n‡q †M‡Qb| gvP© 2020

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gyL¨gš¿x †k‡i evsjv G †K dRjyj n‡Ki Kv‡Q kc_evK¨ cvV Ki‡Qb †kL gywReyi ingvb

GKUv j †i‡L †M‡Qb| Avwg †cuŠQvjvg Ges mv‡_ mv‡_ †hLv‡b `v½v ZLbI PjwQj †mLv‡b Dcw¯’Z njvg| Avgv‡K GKUv cywj‡ki wR‡c K‡i wb‡q hvIqv n‡qwQj| `v½v ZLb Aí Aí PjwQj| †hw`‡K hvB, †`wL iv¯Ívq iv¯Ívq ew¯Í‡Z ew¯Í‡Z giv gvby‡li jvk c‡o Av‡Q| A‡bK¸wj AvnZ †jvK wPrKvi Ki‡Q, mvnvh¨ Kivi †KDB bvB| BwcAvi3 cvnviv w`‡Z‡Q, evOvwj I AevOvwj‡`i Avjv`v Avjv`v K‡i w`‡q‡Q| MÖvg †_‡K Lei †c‡q nvRvi nvRvi evOvwj GwM‡q Avm‡Q| AevOvwj‡`i Uªv‡K K‡i wg‡ji evB‡i †_‡K wg‡ji wfZ‡i wb‡Z‡Q| Avgvi eo Amnvq g‡b nj| Avgvi mv‡_ gvÎ `yBRb Avg©W cywjk| GB mgq AviI K‡qKRb cywj‡ki mv‡_ Avgvi †`Lv nj| Zv‡`i Kv‡Q Avm‡Z ûKzg w`jvg| GK MvQZjvq Avwg Av¯Ívbv cvZjvg| wg‡ji PviUv UªvK Av‡Q, GKUv‡K cvIqv hv‡”Q bv| wKQzmsL¨K †jvK cvIqv †Mj, Zv‡`i mvnv‡h¨ hviv g‡i †M‡Q Zv‡`i †i‡L AvnZ †jvK¸wj‡K GK RvqMvq K‡i cvwb w`‡Z ïiæ Kijvg| Avgvi †`Lv‡`wL K‡qKRb Kg©PvixI Kv‡R nvZ w`j| GB mgq †gvnb wgqv4 mv‡ne G‡m Dcw¯’Z n‡jb| Avgvi g‡b ej Gj| wZbUv UªvK nvwRi Kiv nj| WªvBfviiv fvM‡Z †Póv KiwQj| Avwg ûKzg w`jvg, fvM‡Z †Póv Ki‡jB †MÖdZvi K‡i †R‡j cvwV‡q w`e| Avgvi †gRvR †`‡L Zviv fq †c‡q †Mj| XvKvq †Uwj‡dvb Kiv n‡q‡Q, G¨v¤^y‡jÝ cvVvevi Rb¨| †gvnb wgqv I Avwg mKvj †_‡K mܨv ch©šÍ cÖvq wZbk‡Zi gZ AvnZ †jvK‡K nvmcvZv‡j cvVv‡Z †c‡iwQjvg| wewfbœ RvqMv †_‡K †h mg¯Í evOvwj RbmvaviY Rgv nw”Qj wgj AvµgY Kivi Rb¨ Zv‡`i Kv‡Q wM‡q Avwg e³…Zv K‡i Zv‡`i kvšÍ Kijvg| Zviv Avgvi K_v ïbj| hw` Zviv mwVK Lei †cZ Zvnv n‡j Avgvi K_v ïbZ wK bv m‡›`n wQj| mܨvi GKUz c~‡e© Avwg mg¯Í GjvKv Ny‡i g„Z jv‡ki wnmve Kijvg GKUv GKUv K‡i MYbv K‡i, Zv‡Z cuvPk‡Zi Dci jvk Avwg ¯^P‡¶ †`Ljvg| AviI kÕLv‡bK cyKz‡ii g‡a¨ Av‡Q, Zv‡Z m‡›`n bvB| mvgvb¨ GKUv NUbv wb‡q GB `v½v ïiæ nq| wZb w`b c~‡e© GK AevOvwj `v‡ivqv‡bi mv‡_ GK evOvwj kÖwg‡Ki K_v KvUvKvwU I gvivgvwi nq| Zv‡Z evOvwj kÖwg‡Ki GK AvNv‡Z nVvr `v‡ivqvbUv gviv hvq| GB wb‡q D‡ËRbv Ges lohš¿ ïiæ nq| `v‡ivqvbiv mevB AevOvwj| Avi wKQz msL¨K kÖwgKI Av‡Q AevOvwj| GB NUbv wb‡q †ek gbKlvKwl ïiæ nq| wgj KZ©…c¶ AevOvwj‡`i DmKvwb w`‡Z _v‡K| wgj Awd‡m Kv‡jv cZvKv Iov‡Z AbygwZ †`q| wg‡j KvR

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gvP© 2020

eÜ K‡i w`‡q evOvwj‡`i †eZb †bevi w`b †NvlYv K‡i ejv nq, †eZb wb‡Z wg‡ji †fZ‡i Avm‡Z| hLb Zviv †eZb wb‡Z wfZ‡i Av‡m ZLb Pviw`K †_‡K e›`yKavix `v‡ivqvb I AevOvwjiv Zv‡`i AvµgY K‡i| GB AvKw¯§K Avµg‡Yi Rb¨ Zviv cÖ¯‘Z wQj bv| nVvr AvµvšÍ n‡q eû †jvK gviv hvq| c‡i Avevi evOvwjiv hviv evB‡i wQj, Zviv AevOvwj‡`i AvµgY K‡i Ges eû †jvK‡K nZ¨v K‡i| bZzb hy³d«›U gwš¿mfv †h mgq kc_ wb‡”Q †mB mgq †eZb †`evi mgq †NvlYv Kivi A_© wK? BwcAvi Dcw¯’Z _vKv m‡Ë¡I GKUv ¸wjI Kiv nq bvB| d‡j `v½v K‡i cuvPkZ †jv‡Ki Dc‡i gviv hvq| cywjk Kg©Pvixiv c~‡e©B Lei †c‡qwQj, Zey †Kb e¨e¯’v MÖnY K‡i bvB? gš¿x ˆmq` AvwRRyj nK nKmv‡ne‡K wgwó K_v e‡j wgj Awd‡m ewm‡q †i‡L‡Q| `v½v †h wg‡ji Ab¨w`‡K ïiæ n‡q‡Q, †m Lei Zv‡K †`Iqv nq bvB| nK mv‡ne I Ab¨vb¨ gš¿xiv XvKvq P‡j G‡m‡Qb, Avwg I †gvnb wgqv Dcw¯’Z AvwQ ivZ bqUv ch©šÍ| Rbve gv`vbx ZLb XvKvi Kwgkbvi Ges nvwdR †gvnv¤§` BmnvK wmGmwc ZLb wPd †m‡µUvwi| Avwg hLb gv`vbx mv‡ne‡K ejjvg, cuvPkZ †jvK gviv †M‡Q, Zviv wek¦vm Ki‡Z Pvb bvB| gv`vbx mv‡ne ej‡jb, cÂvk Rb n‡Z cv‡i| Avwg Zuv‡K ejjvg, GKUv GKUv K‡i MYbv K‡iwQ, wb‡R wM‡q †`‡L Avmyb| c‡i gv`vbx mv‡ne ¯^xKvi K‡iwQ‡jb| ivZ bqUvq Avgv‡K I †gvnb wgqv‡K Rvbvb nj, wgj Gwiqv wgwjUvwi‡`i nv‡Z w`‡q †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| Rbve kvgmy‡Ïvnv ZLb cywj‡mi AvBwR| Avgv‡K G‡m ej‡jb, Òm¨vi, me©bvk n‡q †M‡Q, wgwjUvwiiv AevOvwj|Ó Avwg †n‡m w`‡q ejjvg, Òme©bv‡ki wK Avi wKQz evwK Av‡Q| Avcwb hLb cywjk I BwcAvi wb‡q kvwšÍk„•Ljv i¶v Ki‡Z cvi‡jb bv, ZLb wgwjUvwii nv‡Z bv w`‡q Dcvq wK?Ó ZLb BwcAvi (B÷ cvwK¯Ívb ivB‡dj) cÖv‡`wkK Mfb©‡g‡›Ui Aax‡b wQj| XvKvq †h‡q †`wL wK n‡q‡Q! wPd wgwb÷vi wbðqB gZ w`‡q‡Qb| Avgiv †mvRv wPd wgwb÷v‡ii evwo‡Z †cuŠQvjvg| †h‡q ïb‡Z cvijvg, wZwb Avgvi Rb¨ DwØMœ n‡q c‡o‡Qb| wPrKvi K‡i mK‡ji m‡½ ivMvivwM Ki‡Qb, Avgv‡K †Kb `v½v Gwiqvq †i‡L mK‡j P‡j G‡m‡Q| Avwg Zuvi Kv‡Q †M‡j wZwb Avgv‡K Lye Av`i Ki‡jb| Avgv‡K ej‡jb, ÒK¨vwe‡bU wgwUs GLbB n‡e, Zzwg †hI bvÓ| ivZ mv‡o `kUvq K¨vwe‡bU wgwUs emj| K¨vwe‡bU wgwUs ïiæ nIqvi c~‡e© †`Ljvg, gš¿x‡`i g‡a¨

Av`gRx RyUwgj

`yÕGKRb‡K Gi g‡a¨ nvZ K‡i wb‡q‡Qb †`vnv mv‡ne| Ave`yj jwZd wek¦vm mv‡ne wgwjUvwi‡K †Kb fvi †`Iqv n‡q‡Q ZvB wb‡q wPrKvi Ki‡Qb| nK mv‡ne Avm‡jb| mfv ïiæ nIqvi c~‡e©B wPd †m‡µUvwi BmnvK mv‡ne‡K Kov K_v ej‡Z †kvbv †Mj| Avwg cÖwZev` Kijvg Ges ejjvg, I K_v c‡i n‡e| c~‡e© hviv AvBbk„•Ljv i¶v Ki‡Z cv‡i bvB Ges GZ¸wj †jv‡Ki g„Zy¨i KviY Zv‡`i weiæ‡× kvw¯Íg~jK e¨e¯’v MÖnY Kiv †nvK| Gici K¨vwe‡bU Av‡jvPbv ïiæ nj| A‡bK wel‡q Av‡jvPbv nq, †m K_v Avgvi c‡¶ ejv DwPZ bv, KviY K¨vwe‡b‡U wgwUs‡qi Lei evB‡i ejv DwPZ bv| wgwUs †kl nevi ci hLb evB‡i Gjvg, ZLb ivZ cÖvq GKUv| †`wL †mvnivIqv`©x mv‡n‡ei f³ KjKvZvi cyivbv gymwjg jxM Kg©x iRe Avjx †kV I AviI A‡bK AevOvwj †bZv `uvwo‡q Av‡Qb| Zviv Avgv‡K ej‡jb, GLbB XvKv kn‡ii wewfbœ GjvKvq †ei n‡Z| Lei i‡U †M‡Q †h evOvwj‡`i AevOvwjiv nZ¨v K‡i‡Q| †h †KvbI mgq AevOvwj‡`i Dci AvµgY n‡Z cv‡i| ZvovZvwo iRe Avjx †kV I AviI K‡qKRb‡K wb‡q Avwg †ewi‡q cojvg| iv¯Ívi †gv‡o †gv‡o wfo R‡g Av‡Q ZLb ch©šÍ| Avwg Mvwo †_‡K †b‡g e³…Zv K‡i mKj‡K eySv‡Z jvMjvg Ges A‡bKUv kvšÍ Ki‡Z m¶g njvg| ivZ Pvi NwUKvq evwo‡Z †cuŠQvjvg| kc_ †bIqvi c‡i cuvP wgwb‡Ui Rb¨ evwo‡Z Avm‡Z cvwi bvB| Avi w`bfi wKQz †c‡UI c‡o bvB| †`wL †iYy PzcwU K‡i bv †L‡q e‡m Av‡Q, Avgvi Rb¨| GB `v½v †h hy³d«›U miKvi‡K †nqcÖwZcbœ Kivi Rb¨ Ges `ywbqv‡K bZzb miKv‡ii A¶gZv †`Lvevi Rb¨ weivU GK loh‡š¿i Ask †m m¤^‡Ü Avgvi g‡b †Kv‡bv m‡›`n bvB| K‡qKw`b c~‡e© GB lohš¿ KivwP †_‡K Kiv n‡qwQj Ges Gi mv‡_ GKRb miKvwi Kg©Pvix Ges wg‡ji †Kvb †Kvb Kg©Pvix cÖZ¨¶fv‡e RwoZ wQj| hyM hyM a‡i cyuwRcwZiv Zv‡`i †kÖYx ¯^v‡_© Ges ivR‰bwZK Kvi‡Y Mwie kÖwgK‡`i g‡a¨ `v½vnv½vgv, gvivgvwi m„wó K‡i P‡j‡Q| Z‡e e¨w³MZfv‡e Av`gRx wg‡ji gvwjK ¸j †gvnv¤§` Av`gRx Gme Rvb‡Zb wK bv m‡›`n! †K›`ªxq gymwjg jxM miKvi †gvnv¤§` Avjxi †bZ…‡Z¡ †h my‡hvM LyuR‡Z wQj GB `v½vq Zv m„wó Ki‡Z m¶g nj| †gvnv¤§` Avjx gymwjg jxM I cwðgv wkícwZ‡`i †hvMmvR‡k †h hy³d«›U‡K fvO‡Z †Póv KiwQj AvIqvgx jxM gwš¿mfvq †hvM`vb Kivq Zv mdj nj bv| ZvB loh‡š¿i gva¨‡g I Zv‡`i `vjvj‡`i mvnv‡h¨ †Póv K‡i nZvk n‡q c‡i Ab¨ cš’v Aej¤^b Ki‡Z jvMj| G my‡hvM m„wó Ki‡Z cviZ bv, hw` cÖ_g w`bB hy³d«›U c~Y©v½ gwš¿mfv MVb K‡i kvmbe¨e¯’v‡K K‡›Uªvj Ki‡Z †Póv KiZ| hy³d«›U B‡jKk‡b Rqjvf Kivi c‡i eo eo miKvwi Avgjv‡`i g‡a¨ Îv‡mi mÂvi n‡qwQj| A‡b‡K cÖZ¨¶fv‡e gymwjg jx‡Mi c‡¶ cÖPvi K‡iwQj| AvIqvgx jxM cÖ_‡g gwš¿mfvq †hvM`vb bv Kivq Zv‡`i cÖv‡Y cvwb G‡mwQj| †hvM`vb Kivi c‡i Zviv nZvk n‡q coj Ges loh‡š¿ †hvM`vb Kij| Z‡e wPd †m‡µUvwi nvwdR †gvnv¤§` BmnvK GB cwieZ©b‡K Avb‡›`i mv‡_ MÖnY K‡iwQ‡jb|

c‡ii w`b Avevi Avwg Av`gRx RyUwg‡j hvB Ges hv‡Z kÖwgK‡`i Lvevi I _vKvi †Kvb Kó bv nq Zvi w`‡K bRi w`‡Z miKvwi Kg©Pvix‡`i Aby‡iva Kwi| †m‡µUvwi‡q‡U †h‡q wPd †m‡µUvwi‡K †W‡K Zuvi m‡½ Avjvc Kijvg| Hw`‡K Kv‡K †Kvb gš¿Yvjq †`Iqv n‡e ZvB wb‡q Av‡jvPbv ïiæ n‡q‡Q| †mLv‡bI lohš¿ Avi¤¢ n‡q‡Q| AvIqvgx jxMvi‡`i †hb fvj `ßi †`Iqv bv nq †m †Póv Pj‡Q| GK gnvwec‡` cov †Mj| †gvnb wgqv mv‡neB nK mv‡n‡ei mv‡_ civgk© K‡i Dëvcvëv Ki‡Z jvM‡jb| Avwg nK mv‡ne‡K ejjvg, ÒG mg¯Í fvj jv‡M bv, `iKvi nq gwš¿Z¡ †Q‡o w`‡q P‡j hve|Ó c‡ii w`b `dZi fvM Kiv nj| Avgv‡K †Kv-Acv‡iwUf I GwMÖKvjPvi †W‡fjc‡g›U `dZi †`Iqv nj| GwMÖKvjPvi Avevi Avjv`v K‡i Ab¨‡K w`j| Rbve †mvenvb wmGmwc, `ßi fvM ev‡Uvqviv Ki‡Z †gvnb wgqv‡K civgk© w`‡ZwQj| Avwg Zuv‡K †W‡K ejjvg, ÒAvcwb Avgv‡K Rv‡bb bv, †ewk lohš¿ Ki‡eb bv|Ó Avwg nK mv‡n‡ei Kv‡Q Avevi nvwRi n‡q ejjvg, Òbvbv, e¨vcvi wK? G mg¯Í wK n‡”Q, Avgiv †Zv gš¿x n‡Z PvB bvB| Avgv‡`i wfZ‡i G‡b G mg¯Í lohš¿ Pj‡Q †Kb?Ó wZwb Avgv‡K †W‡K ej‡jb, ÒKievi †`, Avgvi †cvU©dwjI †Zv‡K w`‡q †`e, ZzB ivM Kwim bv, c‡i me wVK K‡i †`e|Ó e„ׇjvK, Zv‡K Avi wK eje, wZwb Avgv‡K Lye †¯œn Ki‡Z ïiæ K‡i‡Qb | `iKvi bv n‡jI Avgv‡K †W‡K cvVv‡Zb| wZwb Le‡ii KvM‡Ri cÖwZwbwa‡`i e‡j‡Qb, ÒAvwg eyov Avi gywRe ¸ov, ZvB Ii Avwg bvbv I Avgvi bvwZ|Ó Avwg mK‡ji †P‡q eq‡m †QvU| Avi nK mv‡ne mK‡ji †P‡q eq‡m eo| wZwb Avgv‡K †h KvRB Ki‡Z ej‡Zb, Avwg Ki‡Z jvMjvg| Zvi gbUv D`vi wQj, †h Kvi‡Y Avwg fw³ Ki‡Z ïiæ Kijvg| lohš¿Kvixiv hLb Zuvi Kv‡Q bv _vKZ ZLb wZwb D`vi I AgvwqK| Lye †ewk e„× n‡q wM‡qwQ‡jb, ZvB G‡`i Dci wbf©i Ki‡Z nZ| wKš‘ †hfv‡e wZwb Avgv‡K †¯œn Ki‡Z Avi¤¢ K‡iwQ‡jb Avgvi wek¦vm n‡qwQj G‡`i nvZ †_‡K Zuv‡K i¶v Kiv hv‡e| Avwg Awd‡m †h‡q wWcvU©‡g›U wK eyS‡Z †Póv Kijvg, KviY wWcvU©‡g›U m¤^‡Ü Avgvi we‡kl †Kv‡bv aviYv wQj bv| GB mgq gš¿xiv miKvwi evwo‡Z D‡V Gj, AvwgI XvKvi wg‡›Uv †iv‡W miKvwi fe‡b †Q‡j‡g‡q wb‡q DVjvg|... †jL‡Ki evbvb AcwiewZ©Z| cv`UxKv:

1. jvU feb: Aaybv e½feb| 2. Av`gRx RyU wgj: Aaybvjyß bvivqYM‡Ä Aew¯’Z Z`vbxšÍb cvwK¯Ív‡bi me©e„nr cvUKj| 3. BwcAvi: B÷ cvwK¯Ívb ivB‡dj| 4. †gvnb wgqv (1905-1971): cy‡iv bvg BDmyd Avjx †PŠayix| Awef³ evsjvi weavbmfvq gymwjg m`m¨ wn‡m‡e wbe©vwPZ| 1953 mv‡j gymwjg jxM †_‡K ewn®‹…Z n‡q nK mv‡n‡ee K…lK kÖwgK cvwU©‡Z †hvM w`‡q Õ54-i wbe©vP‡b Rqx n‡q dRjyj nK gwš¿mfvq †hvM`vb K‡ib| AvBqyewe‡ivax Av‡›`vj‡b AskMÖnY Ki‡jI evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi we‡ivwaZv K‡ib| †kL gywReyi ingvb e½eÜz bv‡g mgwaK L¨vZ evsjv‡`‡ki RvwZi wcZv

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RvwZi e›`bvq gywRe kZel©

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wbt¯^v_© fvjevmvi Uv‡bB gvZ…f‚wg Ges Rbgvby‡li Kj¨v‡Y wZwb AvRxeb AKvZ‡i Rxeb, †hŠeb, †gav-gbb‡K we‡jv‡Z †c‡i‡Qb| cvwK¯Ívbx kvmK‡`i wbôzi wbcxob, Ab¨vq AZ¨vPvi D‡c¶v K‡i‡Qb kvixwiKfv‡e| Zz”Q Z…‡Yi gZB dzrKv‡i Dwo‡q w`‡q‡Qb wbwðZ g„Zy¨i c‡ivqvbv‡K| nvRvi eQ‡ii iƒcmx evsjvi HwZn¨-ms¯‹…wZ‡K fvj‡e‡m GKw`‡K wZwb Av‡e‡Mi Zij †mªv‡Z †f‡m‡Qb| Ab¨w`‡K hy×iZ ˆmwb‡Ki gZB wb‡g©vn Revew`wnZvq `vwqZ¡ cvj‡bi kc_ wb‡q ¯^‡`kevmxi Kj¨v‡Yi Rb¨ n‡q D‡V‡Qb AKzÉfv‡e wbf©xK| GK‡kv eQi Av‡M 1920-Gi 17B gvP©, GB gnvb †bZv Rb¥ wb‡qwQ‡jb †MvcvjMÄ †Rjvi cÖZ¨šÍ Uzw½cvov MÖv‡g| we¯ÍxY© gaygZx b`x Avi meyR ebv‡šÍi Avov‡j †K‡U wM‡q‡Q Zuvi `yišÍ ˆkke Avi wK‡kviKvj| evsjvi Rj-gvwU-nvIqvq, nvRvi eQ‡ii HwZn¨-ms¯‹…wZi Av‡e‡M M‡o D‡V‡Q Zuvi g‡bvRMZ| ¯^‡`k‡cÖ‡gi Dcjwä‡ZB wZwb iƒcmx evsjv‡K †`‡L‡Qb| Amxg AvKv‡ki gZ gy³ ü`q wb‡q fvj‡e‡m‡Qb evsjvi gvbyl, mvMi-b`x, cï-cvwL, gvV-NvU Avi Abvwej cÖK…wZ‡K| mvsevw`K wmwij Wvb evsjv‡`‡ki cÖavbgš¿x m¤ú‡K© †mB Kvi‡YB e‡jwQ‡jb, evsjv‡`‡ki nvRvi eQ‡ii BwZnv‡m †kL gywReyi ingvbB GKgvÎ †bZv whwb fvlvq, ms¯‹…wZ‡Z, Rb¥m~‡Î Ges RvwZmËvq GK cwic~Y© evOvwj| ‘In the thousand-year history

of Bangladesh, Sheikh Mujib is the only leader who has in terms of blood, race, language, culture and birth, been a full- blooded Bengali’ (Cyril Dunn, Journalist).

GB gšÍe¨ D”PvwiZ nIqvi g~‡j wQj e½eÜzi wbLv` †`k‡cÖg| evsjvi HwZn¨-ms¯‹…wZ, mvaviY gvby‡li cÖwZ wbt¯^v_© fvjevmvi Ae¨vnZ aviv| wbt¯^v_© fvjevmvi Uv‡bB gvZ…f‚wg Ges Rbgvby‡li Kj¨v‡Y wZwb AvRxeb AKvZ‡i Rxeb, †hŠeb, †gav-gbb‡K we‡jv‡Z †c‡i‡Qb| cvwK¯Ívbx kvmK‡`i wbôzi wbcxob, Ab¨vq AZ¨vPvi D‡c¶v K‡i‡Qb kvixwiKfv‡e| Zz”Q Z…‡Yi gZB dzrKv‡i Dwo‡q w`‡q‡Qb wbwðZ g„Zy¨i c‡ivqvbv‡K| nvRvi eQ‡ii iƒcmx evsjvi HwZn¨ms¯‹…wZ‡K fvj‡e‡m GKw`‡K wZwb Av‡e‡Mi Zij †mªv‡Z †f‡m‡Qb| Ab¨w`‡K hy×iZ ˆmwb‡Ki gZB wb‡g©vn Revew`wnZvq `vwqZ¡ cvj‡bi kc_ wb‡q ¯^‡`kevmxi Kj¨v‡Yi Rb¨ n‡q D‡V‡Qb AKzÉfv‡e wbf©xK| †bZ…‡Z¡i GB AmvaviY ˆewkó¨ gy» K‡i‡Q RvwZ‡K| wew¯§Z K‡i‡Q AvšÍR©vwZK `ywbqv‡K| mvsevw`K wmwij Wv‡bi K_vqÑ ‘The courage

and charm that flowed from him, made him a unique Superman in these times’, (Cyril Dunn, Journalist). †kL

gywR‡ei e¨w³Z¡‡K cÖZ¨¶ K‡iwQ‡jb wKDevb †bZv wd‡Wj K¨v‡÷ªvI| Dcjwä K‡iwQ‡jb Kx AUzU mvnm Avi AKzÉ AvZ¥wek¦vm †`vjvPjnxb mvejxjZvq Qwo‡q i‡q‡Q GB ivR‰bwZK †bZvi Avcv`g¯Í‡K| wbDRDBK g¨vMvwR‡b mv¶vrKvi w`‡Z wM‡q K¨v‡÷ªv ZvB e‡jwQ‡jbÑ ‘I have not seen the Himalayas, but I have

seen Sheikh Mujib. In personality and in courage, this man is the Himalayas. I have thus had the experience of witnessing the Himalayas’, (Newsweek, 1973, Fidel Castro). AvR †_‡K GK‡kv eQi Av‡M †h AL¨vZ MÖv‡g wZwb

R‡b¥wQ‡jb, †h MÖvg evB‡ii we‡k¦ †Zv e‡UB, †`kevmxi Kv‡QI wQj wbZvšÍ AcwiwPZ, †mB MÖvgB cieZ©xKv‡j Zuvi Avwef©v‡e †c‡qwQj wek¦cwiwPwZi †MŠie| †KvwU AšÍ‡ii fvjevmvq Awff‚Z n‡qwQj Uzw½cvov| mcwiev‡i Zuvi wbôzi nZ¨vKv‡Ði c‡i 1975 †_‡K 95 Aewa Zuvi me Ae`vbB Av”Qvw`Z †_‡K‡Q ivóªxq cÖkvm‡bi KzwUj loh‡š¿i Avov‡j| wKš‘ mZ¨ †Zv KLbI gvbyl‡K eÂbv Ki‡Z Rv‡b bv| eû eQi c‡i cwiewZ©Z cUf‚wg‡Z e½eÜz ZvB Zuvi wekvj mZ¨m‡gZ †R‡M D‡V‡Qb cybe©vi| gvZ…f‚wg I ¯^‡`kevmxi Kj¨v‡Yi Rb¨ whwb wbt‡k‡l Rxeb`vb K‡i‡Qb, Zuvi Rb¥kZevwl©Kx‡Z Abvwej fvjevmvq, AšÍ‡ii K…ZÁZvq, Amxg

kÖ×vi †MŠi‡e fwi‡q w`‡Z RvwZI †KvbI Kvc©Y¨ iv‡Lwb AvR| 2020-Gi 17B gvP© †_‡K 2021-Gi 26‡k gvP© Aewa gnvmgv‡iv‡n D`hvwcZ n‡e evsjv‡`‡ki me Av‡jvKgq Ges AÜKvi NUbvcy‡Äi cÖwZwU Aa¨vq| GB mywbw`©ó mgqUzKz BwZnv‡mi cvZvq hv‡Z D¾¡j b¶‡Îi gZB fv¯^i n‡q _v‡K, †mRb¨ wbw`©ó eQiwU wPwýZ n‡q _vK‡e ÔgywReel©Õ wn‡m‡e| ÔgywRe e‡l© e½eÜzi ¯^‡`k cÖZ¨veZ©b, AvIqvgx jx‡Mi cÖwZôv w`em, RvZxq †kvKw`em, Pvi RvZxq †bZvi †RjnZ¨v w`em D`hvc‡bi cvkvcvwk AbywôZ n‡e ¯^vaxbZvjv‡fi myeY© RqšÍx| evsjvi HwZn¨‡K Zz‡j ai‡Z Av‡qvRb Kiv n‡e bvbv ai‡bi mvs¯‹…wZK Abyôvb| †bZvi Rxeb Ges Kg©aviv m¤ú‡K© 9000 c„ôvi wekvj fwjD‡g cÖKvwkZ n‡e Z_¨mg„× MÖš’| †hLv‡b cvwK¯Ív‡bi †Mv‡q›`v ms¯’vi wewfbœ wi‡cvU© Avi AvMiZjv loh‡š¿i Z_¨vejxI wjwce× Kiv n‡e| GQvovI kÖ×vN© Rvbv‡Z evsjv‡`k dzUej †dWv‡ikb Av‡qvRb K‡i‡Qb, B›Uvib¨vkbvj †MvìKvc dzUej Uzb©v‡g›U-2020| ciivóª gš¿Yvjq e½eÜzi bv‡g `ywU AvšÍR©vwZK cyi¯‹vi cÖ`v‡biI D‡`¨vM wb‡q‡Qb| BDwbfvwm©wU Ad jÛb Ges wek¦fviZxmn AviI wZbwU D‡jøL‡hvM¨ cÖwZôv‡b Zuvi ¯§„wZi m¤§v‡b cuvPwU †Pqvi cÖwZôvi cÖ¯‘wZI Pj‡Q| †Kw¤^ªR wek¦we`¨vj‡q wbg©vY Kiv n‡e Ôe½eÜz †m›UviÕ| jÛ‡bi g¨vWvg UzmyW wgDwRqv‡g, wbDBq‡K© RvwZms‡Ni †nW‡KvqvU©v‡i ¯’vcb Kiv n‡e ÔgywRe fv¯‹h©Õ| PvBwbR, wnw›`, D`y©mn ev‡ivwU fvlvq Ab~w`Z n‡e Zuvi we‡kl we‡kl fvlY| †kL gywR‡ei AvZ¥Rxebx wb‡q fviZ-evsjv‡`‡ki †hŠ_ D‡`¨v‡M wbwg©Z n‡e Pjw”PÎ| wd‡j¥i cwiPvjK, fvi‡Zi eû cyi¯‹vicÖvß weL¨vZ wW‡iKUi k¨vg †e‡bMvj| whwb GK `kK Av‡M †bZvwR myfvlP›`ª emyi Ici WKz‡g›Uvwi wdj¥ ˆZwi K‡i cÖksmv Kzwo‡q‡Qb| 2013 mv‡j †mwU cÖ`wk©Z nq| e½eÜzi ivR‰bwZK Rxe‡bi cy•Lvbycy•L BwZnvm Ges Rb¥f‚wgi ¯^vaxbZv AR©‡bi cUf‚wg‡Z Zuvi Ae`vb KZUv myMfxi Ges mywe¯Í…Z, †m-m¤ú‡K© we¯Í…Z we‡kølY AvR Aewa BwZnvmwe`, ivR‰bwZK we‡k­ lKiv bvbvfv‡e K‡i P‡j‡Qb| mwµqfv‡e hvi ïiæ n‡qwQj, KjKvZv Bmjvwgqv K‡j‡Ri QvÎ wn‡m‡e Aj BwÛqv gymwjg ÷z‡W›U †dWv‡ik‡b ZiæY gywR‡ei †hvM`v‡bi c‡i| Gic‡i wØRvwZ Z‡Ë¡i wfwˇZB m„wó n‡qwQj cvwK¯Ívb| wKš‘ whwb nvRvi eQ‡ii iƒcmx evsjvi HwZn¨ms¯‹…wZi ¯úk© wb‡q †e‡o D‡V‡Qb, AšÍ‡i jvjb K‡i‡Qb gvbyl Ges ¯^‡`‡ki Rb¨ myMfxi fvjevmv, evB‡ii a‡g©i †`vnvB †g‡b Ggb mv¤úÖ`vwqK ¯^vaxbZvq wZwb mš‘ó n‡eb †Kb? nvRvi eQi a‡i evsjvi ey‡K †h mf¨Zv-ms¯‹…wZi Rb¥, Zvi †jŠwKK a‡g©i eywbqv‡`, cÖvZ¨wnK Rxebms¯‹…wZ‡Z ¯Í‡i ¯Í‡i †V‡m wM‡q‡Q wn›`y, †eŠ×, wLª÷vb Ges Bmjvgx ms¯‹…wZi wbh©vm| Zvi msMxZ gš’‡b Abvwej e‡q‡Q KxZ©b, c`vejx, Kweqvj, fvwUqvj Avi AvDj-evD‡ji m‡½ Rvwimvwii wbS©i| GB wgwkÖZ mf¨Zv-ms¯‹…wZ‡K A¯^xKvi Ki‡j evOvwji RvwZmËv‡KB A¯^xKvi Kiv nq| AkÖ×v Kiv nq Avengvb evsjvi †jvKvqZ HwZn¨‡K| ZvB ivR‰bwZK ¸iæ knx` †mvnivIqvw`©i g„Zy¨i c‡i ÔAvIqvgx gymwjg jxMÕ-Gi cÖavb n‡qB `jxq Av`k© †_‡K wZwb gymwjg kãwU‡K Swi‡q w`‡jb| †mwKDjvi B‡gR †c‡q ÔAvIqvgx jxMÕ RvwZ-ag©-eY© wbwe©‡k‡l mevi Kv‡QB n‡q DVj wbf©i‡hvM¨ AvkÖq| †mvnivIqvw`©i wkl¨Z¡ Qvwo‡q gywRe n‡q DV‡jb evsjvi Avcvgi Rbmvavi‡Yi AvcbRb| Zv‡`i `xN©Kv‡ji evwÃZ †bZv|

gvP© 2020

21

KviY †h ai‡bi ¸Yvejx _vK‡j RvwZi Rxe‡b †hvM¨Zg †bZv nIqv hvq, Zvi me ˆewkó¨B GB gvbylwUi Pwi‡Î AmvaviYfv‡e AUzU wQj| mZZv, mvnm, mg‡e`bv, myms¯‹…Z eyw×, ivR‰bwZK `~i`wk©Zv, DËvj cwiw¯’wZ‡ZI AwePwjZ wm×všÍ MÖn‡Yi †hvM¨Zv| wQj KwgD‡Kkb w¯‹j| GKB m‡½ D`vË ü`‡qi gvbweKZv| cwiw¯’wZ †_‡K `ªæZ wk¶v MÖn‡Yi ¯§vU©‡bmI wQj Zuvi| Avi wQj RvZxq Ges AvšÍR©vwZK BwZnvm m¤ú‡K© myMfxi Ávb| evsjv‡`‡ki ¯’cwZ AZ¨vPvwiZ RvwZi gyw³`vZv wn‡m‡e hZLvwb cÖkswmZ, Z‡ZvUvB kÖ‡×q RvwZi wcZv wn‡m‡e| KviY evB‡ii a‡g©i msKxY© MÐxi evB‡i `uvwo‡q Amv¤úÖ`vwqK †PZbvi Av‡jvq wZwb wb‡R †hgb Av‡jvwKZ n‡qwQ‡jb, †Zgwb mew`K †_‡K wcwQ‡q _vKv K‡qK †KvwU gvbyl‡KI wcZvi gZ wbweo †¯œ‡n GK ¯^‡cœi my‡Zvq †eu‡awQ‡jb| GB Ae`vbB Zuv‡K wPiA¤¬vb K‡i ivLvi Rb¨ h‡_ó wQj| Zuvi Rb¥kZevwl©Kx D`hvc‡b evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii m‡½ ZvB kÖ×vf‡i †hvM w`‡q‡Q wek¦| ¯^xK…wZ wn‡m‡e nvRvi eQ‡ii †kÖô evOvwji cwiP‡q wZwb †MŠi‡ev¾¡j n‡q‡Qb| A_P GB ¯^‡`k‡cÖwgK wbt¯^v_© †bZv‡KI Pµv‡šÍi AuvZv‡Z wech©¯Í n‡Z n‡q‡Q evievi| hy×weaŸ¯Í, `yt¯’ `wi`ª m`¨ ¯^vaxb Rb¥f‚wg‡ZI Zuvi we‡`kbxwZ †_‡K A_©bxwZ, ivRbxwZ †_‡K mvgwiK cwjwm m¤ú‡K© nxb e¨vL¨v Avi wg‡_¨ msev` cÖPvi K‡i †`k Ges RvwZ‡K evievi weåvšÍ Kiv n‡q‡Q| G‡¶‡Î †cÖm wgwWqv †_‡K ivR‰bwZK we‡kølKiv, †QvU eo e¨emvqx †_‡K ag©xq‡bZviv, eyw×Rxex †_‡K Wvb-ev‡gi bexb-cÖexY ivRbxwZKiv †KDB wcwQ‡q _v‡Kbwb| GB wewPÎ we‡ivwaZvi Pig cwiYwZ‡ZB nZ¨vKvixiv mÂq K‡i‡Q nZ¨v Kivi `ytmvnm| †`kxq wKsev AvšÍR©vwZK Pµv‡šÍi Kvi‡Y AbvKvw•¶Z ivR‰bwZK nZ¨vKv‡Ði NUbv RM‡Z weij bq| ivR‰bwZK nZ¨vKvÐ eûevi e`‡j w`‡q‡Q c„w_exi BwZnvm| wKš‘ evsjv‡`‡k 75-G mcwiev‡i e½eÜzi c‡i †RjLvbvi Af¨šÍ‡i RvZxq †bZv‡`i nZ¨vh‡Ái †h bviKxq NUbv, mvgwiK wePv‡ii cÖnm‡b †`k‡cÖwgK †mbvAwdmvi‡`i Rxebbv‡ki †h Uª¨vwRK BwZnvm, weivU cvcvPv‡ii Ggb `„óvšÍ RM‡Z Avi †Kv_vI †bB| Zuvi Rb¥kZevwl©Kx‡Z kÖ×vN¨© Rvbv‡Z wM‡q ZvB cy‡iv‡bv cÖkœUvB †R‡M DV‡Q evievi, Ggb eyw×`xß Rb`i`x †bZv‡KI †Kb wbnZ n‡Z nj b„ksmfv‡e? †m wK †KejB A‡gvN wbqwZi AcÖwZ‡iva¨ cwiYwZ‡Z? bvwK e½eÜzi wb‡RiB gvÎvwZwi³ AvZ¥wek¦v‡mi cÖwZdj‡b? Rvg©vwbi cÖv³b P¨v‡Ýji †ngyU w¯§‡Ui e³e¨ Abymv‡iÑ ‘A politician should

never forget to align his doing with what is best for the country. But he or she should know who is an expert in which field and whom to trust. A politician should know when it is better to trust an expert in a field and when it is necessary to do own investigation’, (Statement of

a former German Chancellor, Helmut Schmidt). G K_v mwZ¨, cÖwZK‚j cwiw¯’wZ‡Z eû‡¶‡ÎB mwVK c`‡¶c †djvq e½eÜzi Rb¨ mxgve×Zv wQj| †R‡bï‡bI Zuv‡K eû wel nRg Ki‡Z n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ wb‡Ri wbivcËv msi¶‡Y, gvbyl †Pbvi †¶‡Î wZwb wb‡RI h‡_ó g‡bv‡hvMx wQ‡jb bv| _vK‡j Zuvi AKvj g„Zy¨ cÖwZ‡iva Kiv m¤¢e nZ| evsjv‡`‡ki ev¯ÍeZvI AvR iwPZ n‡Zv Ab¨fv‡e| Õ74 Gi wW‡m¤^‡i cÖavbgš¿x Bw›`iv MvÜxi wb‡`©‡k fvi‡Zi G·Uvb©vj Bw›Uwj‡RÝ G‡RwÝi cÖwZôvZv iv‡gk¦i bv_ KvI hLb XvKvq G‡m Zuv‡K mZK© K‡iwQ‡jb, Awek¦v‡m †n‡mwQ‡jb e½eÜz| Õ75-Gi gv‡P© G‡mwQ‡jb ÔiÕ Gi kxl© ch©v‡qi Awdmvi| GeviI wZwb Kuva †b‡owQ‡jb †¯œ‡ni nvwm Swi‡q| e‡jwQ‡jbÑ Avcwb hv‡`i K_v ej‡Qb †mB wRqvDi ingvb Avi dviæK ingvbiv Avgvi †Q‡ji gZ! Iiv †Kb Ggb KvR Ki‡Z hv‡e ejyb †Zv? A‡bK ivR‰bwZK we‡kølKB wbi‡c¶Zvi fwYZv K‡i evKkvjmn AviI K‡qKwU wm×všÍ‡K Zuvi nZ¨vKv‡Ði Rb¨ `vqx Kivi hyw³ †Zv‡jb| wKš‘ ARmª Z_¨cÖgv‡Y GwU GLb cÖgvwYZ, 1972 mvj †_‡KB XvKv K¨v›Ub‡g‡›Ui Af¨šÍ‡i DrLv‡Zi lohš¿ Zuvi weiæ‡× ïiæ n‡qwQj| Õ73-Gi gvSgvwS Qq mßv‡ni Rb¨ IqvwksU‡b G‡m wRqvDi ingvb cvwK¯Ívb G¤^vwm‡Z eviK‡qK Av‡jvPbv ˆeVK †m‡i †mB lohš¿‡K Avcv`g¯ÍK iƒc †`b| cÖkœ DV‡Z cv‡i, whwb †`k Ges †`kevmxi Kj¨v‡Y AvZ¥wemR©b w`‡ZI wcwQ‡q _v‡Kbwb, ïiæ †_‡KB †mB gnvb †bZvi weiæ‡× †Kb R‡g DVj hoh‡š¿i GB Kv‡jv †gN? Gi DËi, †h Av`‡k©i wfwˇZ (evOvwj RvZxqZvev`, mgvRZš¿, MYZš¿, ag©wbi‡c¶Zv) RvwZi Kj¨vY Kvgbvq gywRe AvaywbK ivóª Movi ¯^cœ †`‡LwQ‡jb, Zvi m‡½ lohš¿Kvix‡`i Av`‡k©i e¨eavb wQj m¤ú~Y© D‡ëv †giæi| ¯^vaxbZv cieZ©xKv‡j evsjv‡`k wew”Qbœ n‡jI cvwK¯Ív‡bi wØRvwZZ‡Ë¡i Av`‡k©B Giv ZvB g¾vq g¾vq AbycÖvwYZ n‡q‡Q| ‘While there was no

question of any rapprochement between Bangladesh and Pakistan, there are Muslim diehard elements in Bangladesh who draw this inspiration from Pakistan.

These elements aim to strike at the very basic concept of Bangladesh’, (A peep into Sheikh Mujib’s assassination

by T V Rajeswar).

wKš‘ lohš¿Kvix‡`i nZ¨vhÁ e½eÜzi Agi‡Z¡i c_ cÖwZ‡iva Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| wZwb †eu‡P wQ‡jb| †eu‡P Av‡Qb| †eu‡P _vK‡eb fwel¨‡Z| hLbB Avm‡e `ytmgq, AbycÖvwYZ Ki‡eb nvRvi eQ‡ii †kÖô evOvwj n‡q| mvwnwZ¨K Abœ`vksKi ivq †eu‡P _vK‡j nq‡Zv ej‡Zb Ôwe‡k¦i ey‡K hZevi n‡e evOvwj RvwZi cÖ‡qvRb/Z‡Zvevi Zzwg cv‡k †_‡Kv †bZv, RvwZ‡i Kwi‡Z D×viYÕ! `xwcKv †Nvl cÖevmx K_vmvwnwZ¨K, cÖvewÜK

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KweZv

Avwg cÖwZwe‡¤^i Avd‡mvm

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e½eÜz: evsjv‡`k †mvnive cvkv

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24

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ZvwK‡q eje ïf Rb¥w`b| GK UzK‡iv mv`v †gN †f‡m hv‡e ILv‡b wK Zzwg?

AvKv‡k evZv‡m cvnv‡o DcZ¨Kvq †Zvgv‡K LyuRe, WvKe †h cÖwZaŸwb n‡e ILv‡b wK Zzwg? ïf Rb¥w`b| ïf Rb¥w`b| jÛb, 17 gvP© 2010

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e½eÜzi Kwbôv Kb¨v †kL †invbv I Zuvi †`ŠwnÎx cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbvi GKgvÎ Kb¨v mvqgv Iqv‡R` cyZzj

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Ávb`vbw›`bx †`ex

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weòzcyi

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cvkvcvwk _v‡K wPu‡oi †fvM| g`b‡gvn‡bi cv‡q Avwei w`‡q gw›`i cÖv½‡YB is †Ljvq gv‡Zb †Q‡j-ey‡ov mK‡j| †MvUv weòzcyi Ry‡o GKvwaK †QvU-eo ivavK…‡òi gw›`i| †`v‡ji w`b A‡b‡KB †QvU †QvU `j †eu‡a cvovq cvovq wewfbœ gw›`‡ii mvg‡b †`v‡ji Mvb K‡ib| †Kvb `‡ji Mvb me‡P‡q fvj nj, GB wb‡q cÖwZ‡hvwMZvI nZ GK mg‡q| Mv‡bi m‡½ P‡j Avwei †Ljv| weòzcy‡ii cÖwZUv gvbyl Ry‡o hvb GB †Ljvq| AwZw_‡`i Avcb K‡i wb‡q, wgwógyL Kiv‡bvq Kvc©Y¨ K‡ib bv Zuviv| Av‡M cÖ_v wQj †`v‡ji c‡ii w`b cvjwK K‡i weMÖn ivRevwo‡Z wb‡q hvIqvi| GLb g`b‡gvnb evi nb bMi cwiµgvq|

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kvwšÍcyi

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c`v_©weÁv‡b †bv‡ej cyi¯‹vi jvfKvix fviZxq weÁvbx m¨vi P›`ª‡kLi †f¼Uig‡Yi Rb¥ 1888 mv‡ji 7 b‡f¤^i `wÿY fvi‡Zi wZiæw”Pivcjø­x‡Z| Zuvi evev wQ‡jb wQ‡jb MwYZ I c`v_©weÁv‡bi weL¨vZ Aa¨vcK| igY Aí eq‡m wemvLvcËbg kn‡i Zuvi evevi Kv‡Q P‡j hvb Ges †m›U Avjqwmqvm A¨vs‡jv-BwÛqvb nvB ¯‹z‡j fwZ© nb| †gavex igY gvÎ 11 eQi eq‡m g¨vwUªKz‡jkb cix¶vq DËxY© nb| 13 eQi eq‡m e„wË wb‡q GdG (AvR‡Ki B›UviwgwW‡qU cix¶vi mgZzj¨) cix¶vq DËxY© n‡q igY 1902 mv‡j †PbœvB‡qi (Z`vbxšÍb gv`ªvR) †cÖwm‡WwÝ K‡j‡R fwZ© nb, †mLv‡b Zuvi wcZv wQ‡jb MwYZ I c`v_©weÁv‡bi Aa¨vcK| 1904 mv‡j wZwb gv`ªvR wek¦we`¨vj‡qi e¨v‡Pji Ad AvU©m cix¶vq DËxY© nb| wZwb cÖ_g ¯’vb AwaKvi K‡ib Ges c`v_©we`¨vq ¯^Y©c`K cvb| 1907 mv‡j m‡e©v”P wWw÷smvb wb‡q wZwb gv÷vi Ad mv‡qÝ wWwMÖ AR©b K‡ib| Kg©Rxe‡bi ïiæ‡Z igY KjKvZv wek¦we`¨vj‡q c`v_©weÁv‡bi Aa¨vcK wbhy³ nb| 1917 mv‡j wZwb miKvwi PvKwi‡Z B¯Ídv w`‡q BwÛqvb A¨v‡mvwm‡qkb di `¨ KvjwU‡fkb Ad mv‡qÝ (AvBGwmGm)-G †hvM †`b M‡elYv Pvwj‡q hvb| wZwb wQ‡jb Gi A‰eZwbK mwPe| igY Zuvi Kg©Rxe‡bi GB mgqwU‡K myeY©hyM wn‡m‡e D‡jøL K‡iwQ‡jb| AvBGwmGm Ges KjKvZv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi A‡bK wk¶v_©x‡K wZwb M‡elYvq eªZx K‡ib| 1926 mv‡j Aa¨vcK igY fviZxq c`v_©weÁvbwelqK GKwU cwÎKv cÖKvk K‡ib| cwÎKvwUi wØZxq msL¨vq ÔGKwU bZzb wewKiYÕ kxl©K cÖeÜ cÖKvwkZ nq †hLv‡b igY cÖfve Avwe®‹v‡ii cÖwZ‡e`b cÖKvwkZ nq| 1928 mv‡ji 28 †deªæqvwi †KGGmGm

K…òvYmn mn‡hvMx‡`i wb‡q igY Av‡jvi we”QyiYmsµvšÍ GK ˆeÁvwbK cix¶vq †bZ…Z¡ †`b| Zuvi †m-mgqKvi Avwe®‹vi eZ©gv‡b ÔigY cÖfveÕ bv‡g L¨vwZjvf K‡i| GB mgqKv‡ji GKwU we¯Í…Z weeiY wR †f¼Uig‡Yi Rxebx‡Z cvIqv hvq| GwU ZvZ¶wYKfv‡e cwi®‹vi wQj †h GB Avwe®‹viwU AZxe cÖ‡qvRbxq wQj| GwU Av‡jvi †Kvqv›Uvg cÖK…wZi AviI cÖgvY w`‡q‡Q| ig‡Yi †K Gm K…òv‡Yi m‡½ RwUj †ckv`vi m¤úK© wQj, whwb Avðh©RbKfv‡e cyi¯‹viwU fvMvfvwM K‡ibwb, wKš‘ †bv‡ej e³…ZvI D‡jøL‡hvM¨fv‡e D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb| igY †¯úK‡Uªv‡¯‹vwc GB NUbvwUi Dci wfwË K‡i G‡mwQj, Ges Av‡b©÷ iv`vi‡dvW© 1929 mv‡j i‡qj †mvmvBwU‡Z Zvi ivóªcwZi e³…Zvq D‡jøL K‡iwQ‡jb| igY 1929 mv‡j fviZxq weÁvb Ks‡MÖ‡mi 16Zg Awa‡ek‡bi mfvcwZ wQ‡jb| Zuv‡K bvBUûW Ges c`K cÖ`vb Kiv nq Ges wewfbœ wek¦we`¨vjq Øviv m¤§vbm~PK W±‡iU cÖ`vb Kiv nq| igY c`v_©weÁv‡b †bv‡ej cyi¯‹vi †RZvq AvZ¥wek¦vmx wQ‡jb, Z‡e 1924 mv‡j †bv‡ej cyi¯‹vi Iwjb wiPvW©mb Ges 1926 mv‡j jyB wW †eªvwM cvIqv‡Z nZvk n‡qwQ‡jb| 1930 mv‡j wZwb cyi¯‹vi †RZvi GZUvB AvZ¥wek¦vmx wQ‡jb, †h wZwb RyjvB‡Z wU‡KU wK‡bwQ‡jb, hw`I cyi¯‹vi¸wj b‡f¤^‡i †NvlYv Kiv nZ, Ges hw` msev`wU bv Av‡m †mB fvebv‡K Dwo‡q w`‡q, cyi¯‹v‡ii †NvlYvi Le‡ii Rb¨ cÖwZwU w`‡bi msev`cÎ LyuwU‡q †`L‡Zb| Ae‡k‡l wZwb 1930 mv‡j ÔAv‡jvi wewKiY Ges igY cÖfve Avwe®‹v‡ii Rb¨Õ c`v_©weÁv‡b †bv‡ej cyi¯‹vi jvf K‡ib| weÁv‡b wZwbB cÖ_g Gkxq Ges cÖ_g A‡k¦Zv½ †bv‡ej cyi¯‹vi we‡RZv| Zuvi Av‡M iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi (fviZxq) mvwn‡Z¨ †bv‡ej cyi¯‹vi †c‡qwQ‡jb 1913 mv‡j| 1928 mv‡j cÖL¨vZ fviZxq weÁvbx m¨vi P›`ª‡kLi †f¼UigY GKeY©x `„k¨gvb

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m‡Z¨›`ªbv_ emy

fviZxq evOvwj c`v_©weÁvbx m‡Z¨›`ªbv_ emy (Rb¥ 1 Rvbyqvwi 1894)-i M‡elYvi †¶Î wQj MvwYwZK c`v_©we`¨v| m‡Z¨›`ªbv_ emy AvjevU© AvBb÷vB‡bi m‡½ †hŠ_fv‡e †evm-AvBb÷vBb cwimsL¨vb cÖ`vb K‡ib, hv c`v_©weÁv‡bi Ab¨Zg ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Avwe®‹vi e‡j we‡ewPZ nq| QvÎRxe‡b AZ¨šÍ †gavex m‡Z¨›`ªbv_ Kg©Rxe‡b mshy³ wQ‡jb e„nËi evsjvi wZb †kÖô wk¶vqZb KjKvZv, XvKv I wek¦fviZx wek¦we`¨vj‡qi m‡½| mvwbœa¨ †c‡q‡Qb iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi, cÖdzjøP›`ª ivq, gv`vg Kzix cÖgyL gbxlxi| Avevi Abykxjb mwgwZi m‡½ cÖZ¨¶ m¤úK© I ¯^vaxbZv Av‡›`vj‡bi mk¯¿ wecøex‡`i m‡½ †Mvc‡b †hvMv‡hvMI ivL‡Zb †`keªZx m‡Z¨›`ªbv_| KjKvZvq Rb¥MÖnYKvix m‡Z¨›`ªbv_ ïaygvÎ evsjvq weÁvbPP©vi cÖej mg_©KB wQ‡jb bv,

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mvivRxeb wZwb evsjvq weÁvbPP©vi avivwU‡KI cyó K‡i †M‡Qb| G cÖm‡½ Zuvi Agi Dw³: Ôhuviv e‡jb evsjv fvlvq weÁvb PP©v nq bv, Zuviv nq evsjv Rv‡bb bv, bq weÁvb †ev‡Sb bv|Õ evsjvq weÁvbPP©vi cÖmv‡i wZwb weÁvb cwiPq bv‡g GKwU cwÎKvI cÖKvk K‡ib| e¨w³Rxe‡b m‡Z¨›`ªbv_ wQ‡jb wbijm, Kg©V I gvbe`i`x gbxlx| weÁv‡bi cvkvcvwk msMxZ I mvwn‡Z¨I wQj Zuvi AvšÍwiK AvMÖn I we‡kl cÖxwZ| Zuv‡K iex›`ªbv_ Zuvi wek¦cwiPq bvgxq weÁvbMÖš’, Abœ`vk¼i ivq Zuvi ågYiPbv Rvcv‡b I myax›`ªbv_ `Ë Zuvi A‡K©÷ªv Kve¨MÖš’ DrmM© K‡ib| 1894 wLª÷v‡ã 1 Rvbyqvwi DËi KjKvZvi †MvqvevMvb A‡j ¯‹wUk PvP© K‡jwR‡qU ¯‹z‡ji cv‡k 22 b¤^i Ck¦i wgÎ †j‡b m‡Z¨›`ªbv_ emyi Rb¥| Zuvi cwiev‡ii Avw` wbevm 24 ciMbvi Kuv‡ovcvovi wbKUeZ©x e‡ov Rv¸wjqv MÖv‡g| Zuvi wcZv my‡i›`ªbv_ emy wQ‡jb c~e© fviZxq †ijI‡qi wnmvei¶K Ges gvZv Av‡gvw`bx †`ex wQ‡jb Avwjcy‡ii L¨vZbvgv e¨enviRxex gwZjvj ivq‡PŠayixi Kb¨v| m‡Z¨›`ªbv_ emy mvZ fvB‡ev‡bi g‡a¨ mevi eo| m‡Z¨›`ªbv_ emyi wk¶vRxeb ïiæ nq bg©vj ¯‹z‡j| c‡i evwoi wbKUeZ©x wbD BwÛqvb ¯‹z‡j fwZ© nb| Gici wZwb wn›`y ¯‹z‡j G›UªvÝ K¬v‡k fwZ© nb| †mLvb †_‡K 1909 wLª÷v‡ã G›UªvÝ cix¶vq cÂg ¯’vb AwaKvi K‡ib| Zvici fwZ© †nvb †cÖwm‡WwÝ K‡j‡R| 1911 wLª÷v‡ã AvBGmwm cixÿvq cÖ_g ¯’vb AwaKvi K‡ib| GB K‡j‡R wZwb mvwbœ‡a¨ Av‡mb AvPvh© RM`xkP›`ª emy Ges AvPvh© cÖdzjøP›`ª iv‡qi gZb hk¯^x Aa¨vcK‡`i| 1913 wLª÷v‡ã ¯œvZK Ges 1915 wLª÷v‡ã wgkÖ MwY‡Z ¯œvZ‡KvËi wWwMÖ AR©b K‡ib| ejvevûj¨, Dfq cixÿvq wZwb cÖ_g †kÖYx‡Z cÖ_g ¯’vb AwaKvi K‡ib| GB mgqKv‡j m¨vi Avï‡Zvl gy‡Lvcva¨vq KjKvZv weÁvb K‡jR cÖwZôv Ki‡j 1915 wLª÷v‡ã wZwb †mLv‡b cÖfvlK wnmv‡e †hvM †`b| †mLv‡b wZwb weÁvbx †gNbv` mvnvi m‡½ wgkÖ MwYZ I c`v_©weÁvb wel‡q M‡elYv ïiæ K‡ib| 1921 wLª÷v‡ã XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq cÖwZwôZ n‡j wZwb †mLv‡b c`v_©weÁvb wefv‡M wiWvi wnmv‡e †hvM †`b| wZwb wQ‡jb Kzwgjøv wf‡±vwiqv miKvwi K‡j‡Ri cÖ_g Aa¨¶| 1924 wLª÷v‡ã XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡q wk¶KZvKvjxb mg‡q emy cø¨v‡¼i †Kvqv›Uvg †ZRw¯ŒqZv bxwZ K¬vwmK¨vj c`v_©weÁv‡bi mvnvh¨ QvovB cÖwZcv`b K‡i GKwU M‡elYv cÖeÜ iPbv K‡ib Ges m`„k KYvi mvnv‡h¨ `kvi msL¨v MYbvi GKwU PgrKvi Dcvq D™¢veb K‡ib| GB wbeÜwU wQj †gŠwjK Ges †Kvqv›Uvg cwimsL¨v‡bi wfwË iPbvKvix| cÖeÜwU cÖKvk Kievi cÖv_wgK cÖ‡Póvq e¨_© n‡q emy Zv mivmwi AvjevU© AvBb÷vB‡bi Kv‡Q cvVvb, whwb cÖeÜwUi ¸iæZ¡ Abyaveb K‡i wb‡RB Rvg©vb fvlvq Abyev` K‡ib Ges emyi c‡¶ Zeitschrift für Physik mvgwqKx‡Z cÖKv‡ki D‡`¨vM †bb| G ¯^xK… wZi d‡j emy fvi‡Zi evB‡i M‡elYvi my‡hvM jvf K‡ib Ges `yÕeQi BD‡iv‡c Ae¯’vb K‡i jyB wW eªMwj, †gwi Kzwi, Ges AvBb÷vB‡bi m‡½ KvR Kivi my‡hvM jvf K‡ib| 1927 wLª÷v‡ã BD‡ivc mdi †k‡l wZwb XvKvq wd‡i Av‡mb| wZwb Aa¨vcK c‡` DbœxZ nb I c`v_©weÁvb wefv‡Mi wefvMxq cÖav‡bi `vwqZ¡ jvf K‡ib| emy 1945 wLª÷v‡ã ch©šÍ XvKvq Ae¯’vb K‡ib Ges †`kwefvM Avmbœ n‡j wZwb KjKvZvq wd‡i hvb Ges KjKvZv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi c`v_©weÁvb wefv‡M Aa¨vcK wnmv‡e †hvM †`b| 1956 wLª÷v‡ã †mLvb †_‡K Aemi MÖn‡Yi ci KjKvZv wek¦we`¨vjq Zuv‡K G‡gwiUvm Aa¨vcK wnmv‡e wb‡qvM K‡i| fviZ miKv‡ii Avgš¿‡Y wZwb wek¦fviZx‡Z DcvPvh© wnmv‡e †hvM †`b Ges 1956 †_‡K 1958 wLª÷v‡ã ch©šÍ G `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib| fviZ miKvi 1959 wLª÷v‡ã Zuv‡K RvZxq Aa¨vcK wnmv‡e wbhy³ K‡ib|

†evm- AvBb÷vBb msL¨vZË¡

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†evm I †bv‡ej cyi¯‹vi

emy-AvBb÷vBb cwimsL¨vb, emy-AvBb÷vBb Nbxfeb, †evm‡bi Dci M‡elYv K‡i 1984 wLª÷v‡ã c`v_©weÁv‡b †bv‡ej cyi¯‹vi jvf K‡ib Carlo Rubbia Ges Simon van der Meer, 1996 wLª÷v‡ã David M. Lee, Douglas D. Osheroff, Robert C. Richardson, 1999 wLª÷v‡ã Martinus J. G. Veltman I Gerardus ‘t Hooft, 2001 wLª÷v‡ã Eric Allin Cornell, Carl Edwin Wieman Ges Wolfgang Ketterle) †bv‡ej cyi¯‹vi †c‡q‡Qb, wKš‘ `yf©vM¨RbKfv‡e †evm‡K †bv‡ej cyi¯‹vi cÖ`vb Kiv nqwb| Zv‡`i †bv‡ej cyi¯‹vi †`Iqvi KviY m¤ú‡K© ejv nq, for the achievement of Bose-Einstein condensation in dilute gases of alkali atoms, and for early fundamental studies of the properties of the condensates.

1929 wLª÷v‡ã m‡Z¨b emy fviZxq weÁvb Ks‡MÖ‡mi c`v_© weÁvb kvLvi mfvcwZ Ges 1944 wLª÷v‡ã Ks‡MÖ‡mi mfvcwZ wbe©vwPZ nb| 1958 wLª÷v‡ã wZwb jÛ‡bi i‡qj †mvmvBwUi †d‡jv nb| BwÛqvb ÷¨vwUw÷K¨vj Bbw÷wUDU, KjKvZv wek¦we`¨vjq, Gjvnvev` wek¦we`¨vjq I hv`ecyi wek¦we`¨vjq m‡Z¨›`ªbv_ emy‡K m¤§vbm~PK W±‡iU wWwMÖ cÖ`vb K‡i| 1959 wLª÷v‡ã fviZ miKvi Zuv‡K RvZxq Aa¨vcK c‡` g‡bvbxZ K‡ib| wek¦fviZx wek¦we`¨vjq Zuv‡K †`wk‡KvËg Ges fviZ miKvi cÙwef‚lY Dcvwa‡Z f‚wlZ K‡i|

XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡q Zuvi bv‡g emy Aa¨vcK (Bose Professor) c` i‡q‡Q| 1986 wLª÷v‡ã KjKvZvq Zuvi bv‡g m‡Z¨›`ªbv_ emy RvZxq †gŠwjK weÁvb †K›`ª ¯’vwcZ nq| evsjv fvlvq weÁvb P”P©vi †¶‡Î Zuvi Ag~j¨ Ae`vb i‡q‡Q| Zuvi †bZ…‡Z¡ KjKvZvq 1948 wLª÷v‡ã e½xq weÁvb cwil` MwVZ nq| 1974 wLª÷v‡ãi 4 †deªæqvwi KjKvZvq GB A‡jvKmvgvb¨ weÁvbx g„Zz¨eiY K‡ib|

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KjKvZv wek¦we`¨vj‡q W±i Ad mv‡qÝ wWwMÖi Rb¨ Av‡e`b K‡ib Ges wek¦we`¨vjq KZ©…c¶ Zuv‡K 1919 mv‡j W±i Ad mv‡qÝ wWwMÖ cÖ`vb K‡i| GKBeQi †gNbv` †cÖgPuv` ivqPuv` e„wË jvf K‡ib| hvi d‡j wZwb Bsj¨vÛ I Rvg©vwb‡Z M‡elYvi my‡hvM cvb| wZwb cÖ_g cuvP gvm jÛ‡b weÁvbx Avj‡d«W dvDjv‡ii cix¶vMv‡i Ges cieZ©xmg‡q evwj©‡b Iqv÷vi bvb©‡÷i m‡½ KvR K‡ib| `yÕeQi †`‡ki evB‡i M‡elYv Kivi ci †gNgv` mvnv 1921 mv‡j KjKvZv wek¦we`¨vj‡q Lqiv Aa¨vcK wn‡m‡e †hvM †`b| wKš‘ †mmgq wek¦we`¨vj‡q M‡elYvi Rb¨ †KvbI eivÏ bv _vKvq wZwb 1923 mv‡j Gjvnvev` wek¦we`¨vj‡q P‡j hvb| 1938 mvj ch©šÍ wZwb Gjvnvev` wek¦we`¨vj‡q wk¶KZv K‡ib| G wek¦we`¨vj‡q wZwb MwYZwe` AwgqPiY e¨vbvwR©i mvwbœa¨ jvf K‡ib| 15 eQi GB wek¦we`¨vj‡q Kg©iZ _vKvq wZwb wefvMwU‡K AvšÍR©vwZK gv‡b DbœxZ K‡ib| Gici Avg„Zz¨ wZwb KjKvZv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi weÁvb wefv‡Mi wWb wn‡m‡e `vwqZ¡cvjb K‡ib| †gNbv` Ges m‡Z¨b †evm hyM¥fv‡e me©cÖ_g AvjevU© AvBb÷vB‡bi mvaviY Av‡cw¶KZvi ZË¡mn Zuvi wewfbœ wbeÜ Bs‡iwR fvlvq Abyev` K‡i cÖKvk K‡ib| GB `yB K…Zx weÁvbx AvBb÷vB‡bi 1905 †_‡K 1916 mvj ch©šÍ Rvg©vb fvlvq cÖKvwkZ hveZxq wbeÜ Bs‡iwR‡Z Abyev` ïiæ K‡ib| Zuv‡`i Abyev` 1919 mv‡j KjKvZv wek¦we`¨vjq †_‡K wcÖwÝcj&m Ad wi‡jwUwfwU bv‡g cÖKvwkZ nq| Ab~w`Z eBwUi f‚wgKv †j‡Lb cÖkvšÍP›`ª gnjvbwek| 1979 mv‡j AvBb÷vB‡bi Rb¥kZevwl©Kx Abyôv‡b ejv nq AvBb÷vB‡bi wbeܸwji cÖ_g Abyev` cÖKvwkZ n‡qwQj Rvcv‡b| Abyôv‡b Dcw¯’Z †bv‡ejRqx c`v_©weÁvbx myeªþY¨b P›`ª‡kLi GB fzj ms‡kvab K‡i e‡jb, mvnv I emy AvBb÷vB‡bi iPbvi cÖ_g Abyev` K‡ib| Zuv‡`i Ab~w`Z wcÖwÝcj&m Ad wi‡jwUwfwUi GKwU cÖwZwjwc wcÖÝUb wek¦we`¨vj‡qi AvBb÷vBb AvK©vB‡f msiw¶Z Av‡Q| mvnv I emyi GB Abyev` me©cÖ_g Bs‡iwR‡Z ïay bq, mvivwe‡k¦ GwUB AvBb÷vB‡bi iPbvi cÖ_g Abyev`| iq¨vj †mvmvBwUi †d‡jv, b¨vkbvj GKv‡Wwg Ad mv‡qÝ, BwÛqvi cÖwZôvZv mfvcwZ, BwÛqvb Rvb©vj Ad wdwR· mvgwqKxi cÖwZÉvZv m¤úv`K, BwÛqvb Bbw÷wUDU Ad mv‡qÝ ev BwÛqvb Bbw÷wUDU Ad †UK‡bvjwRi D‡`¨v³v, Bbw÷wUDU Ad wbDwK¬qvi wdwR· ev mvnv Bbw÷wUDU Ad wbDwK¬qvi wdwR·-Gi cÖwZôvZv, DËi-cwðg KjKvZvi †jvKmfv Avm‡b Rqx †gNbv` mvnv fviZxq el©cwÄ ms¯‹vi K‡i Agi n‡q Av‡Qb| wZwb cigvYy weÁvb, †R¨vwZc©`v_©we`¨v, wbDwK¬q c`v_©we`¨v, Avqb gÐj, evqygÐj I gnvKvkweÁvb, eb¨v cÖwZ‡iva I b`x cwiKíbv wel‡q M‡elYv K‡ib| wZwb Zvcxq Avqbev` (Thermal Ionaisation) msµvšÍ ZË¡ D™¢veb K‡i †R¨vwZc©`v_©weÁv‡b D‡jøL‡hvM¨ f‚wgKv iv‡Lb| 1930 mv‡j fviZxq c`v_©weÁvbx †`‡e›`ª‡gvnb emy Ges wkwkiKzgvi wgÎ †gNbv` mvnv‡K c`v_©weÁv‡b †bv‡ej cyi®‹v‡ii Rb¨ mycvwik K‡ib| †bv‡ej KwgwU †gNbv` mvnvi KvR‡K c`v_©weÁv‡bi GKwU D‡jøL‡hvM¨ cÖ‡qvM wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Ki‡jI GwU ÔAvwe®‹viÕ bq e‡j AwfgZ e¨³ e‡ib| d‡j wZwb †bv‡ej cyi¯‹vi cvbwb| †gNbv` mvnv‡K 1937 I 1940 mv‡j Av_©vi K¤úUb Ges 1939, 1951 I 1955 mv‡j wkwkiKzgvi wgÎ AveviI g‡bvbxZ Ki‡jI †bv‡ej KwgwU Zv‡`i wm×v‡šÍ Abo _v‡K| Zuvi iwPZ MÖš’vewji g‡a¨

The Principle of Relativity; Treatise on Heat; Treatise on Modern Physics; Junior Textbook of Heat with Metereology D‡jøL‡hvM¨|

1956 mv‡ji 16 †deªæqvwi wZwb Zuvi Kg©¯’j fviZxq ivóªcwZ fe‡bi cwiKíbv Kwgk‡bi w`‡K hvevi mgq ü`hš¿ weKj n‡q gviv hvb| ZLb ¯’vbxq mgq mKvj 10Uv 15| gviv hvevi 10 gvm Av‡M †_‡K wZwb D”P i³PvcRwbZ mgm¨vq fzMwQ‡jb| c‡ii w`b Zuv‡K KjKvZvi †KIovZjv gnvk¥kv‡b `vn Kiv nq| wbR¯^ cÖwZ‡e`b

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¯^bvgab¨ evOvwj Kwe, QovKvi I †jLK Abœ`vk¼i iv‡qi Rb¥ 1904 mv‡ji 15 gvP© Dwol¨vi †X¼vb‡j GK Kvq¯’ cwiev‡i| Zuvi wcZv wQ‡jb †X¼vbj ivR‡÷‡Ui Kg©x wbgvBPiY ivq Ges gvZv KU‡Ki cÖwm× cvwjZes‡ki Kb¨v †ngbwjbx| †QvU‡ejvq †X¼vb‡j Zuvi wk¶vRxeb ïiæ nq| 1921 wLª÷v‡ã cvUbv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi Aax‡b wZwb g¨vwUªK cvk K‡ib| Gici msev`c‡Îi m¤úv`bv wkL‡Z wZwb KjKvZvq emygZx cwÎKvi m¤úv`K †n‡g›`ªcÖmv` †Nv‡li Kv‡Q hvb| wZwb kU©n¨vÛ, UvBcivBwUs Ges cÖædwiwWsI †k‡Lb wKš‘ GKvR Zuvi fvj jv‡Mwb| Gici wZwb KU‡Ki i¨v‡fbk& K‡jR †_‡K AvBG cix¶v †`b Ges cvUbv wek¦we`¨vj‡q cÖ_g ¯’vb AwaKvi K‡ib| 1925 wLª÷v‡ã weG cix¶v‡ZI wZwb cvUbv wek¦we`¨vjq †_‡K Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Z¨ cÖ_g ¯’vb AvwaKvi K‡ib| Bs‡iwR‡Z mvwn‡Z¨ GgG covKvjxb 1927 mv‡j Abœ`vk¼i AvBwmGm cix¶vq cÖ_g ¯’vb AwaKvi K‡i cÖwk¶‡Yi Rb¨ Bsj¨vÛ hvb| wZwb jÛb BDwbfvwm©wU K‡jR, wKsm K‡jR, jÛb ¯‹zj Ad BKbwgKm, jÛb ¯‹zj Ad Iwi‡q›Uvj ÷vwWR-G cov‡kvbv I cÖwk¶Y MÖnY K‡ib| `yÕeQ‡ii cÖevmRxe‡b wZwb myBRvij¨vÛ, Rvg©vwb, BUvwj, d«vÝ cÖf…wZ †`k Ny‡i †eovb| G ågYKvwnwb c‡_ cÖev‡m bv‡g avivevwnKfv‡e wewPÎv cwÎKvq cÖKvwkZ nq| cÖwk¶Y †k‡l wd‡i 1929 mv‡j Abœ`vk¼i gywk©`vev` †Rjvi enigcy‡i A¨vwmmU¨v›U g¨vwR‡÷ªU c‡` †hvM †`b| 1929 mvj †_‡K 1947 mvj ch©šÍ AvVv‡iv eQ‡ii bq eQi wZwb cwðge‡½ Ges c~e©e‡½ wewfbœ c‡` wb‡qvwRZ wQ‡jb| Awef³ e‡½i gywk©`vev`, euvKzov, ivRkvnx, PÆMÖvg, XvKv, gqgbwmsn, Kzwóqv, b`xqv, wÎcyiv, †gw`bxcyi, ûMwj Ges nvIovq wZwb KLbI kvmb wefv‡M, KLbI wePvi wefv‡M h_vµ‡g g¨vwR‡÷ªU I RR wn‡m‡e wbhy³ wQ‡jb| 1947 mv‡j fviZ wefv‡Mi ci BwÛqvb wmwfj mvwf©‡mi †gqv` †kl n‡q †M‡j wZwb D”PZi ch©v‡qi BwÛqvb A¨vWwgwb‡÷ªwUf mvwf©‡mi (AvBGGm) m`m¨ wn‡m‡e cwðge‡½i cÖkvmb I wePvi wefv‡M KvR K‡ib| ivR‰bwZK I mv¤úÖ`vwqK wel‡q EaŸ©Zb KZ©…c‡¶i m‡½ gZvšÍi NUvq 1951 mv‡j wZwb wePvi wefv‡Mi mwPe c` †_‡K Ae¨vnwZ †bb| 1930 wLª÷v‡ã gvwK©b Kb¨v A¨vwjm fvwR©wbqv Ab‡dvW©‡K weevn K‡i wZwb Zuvi bvg †`b jxjv ivq| jxjv ivq eû eB evsjv †_‡K

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29 †deªæqvwi 2020 Bw›`iv MvÜx mvs¯‹…wZK †K›`ª, fviZxq nvB Kwgkb XvKvi avbgwÛi AvBwRwmwm wgjbvqZ‡b AvBwmwmAvi ¯‹jviÕm Bfwbs-G Ôiex›`ªavivq emšÍÕ kxl©K Abyôv‡b AvBwmwmAvi GjvgbvB fv¯^i e‡›`¨vcva¨vq I kÖxgZx Qvqv Kg©Kvi iex›`ªKweZv I Mvb cwi‡ekb K‡ib

Regd. No. DA 355 Bharat Bichitra March 2020

fviZxq nvB Kwgk‡bi me©‡kl Z_¨ Rvb‡Z Avgv‡`i I‡qemvBU, †dmeyK, UzBUvi, Bb&÷vMÖvg I BDwUDe wbqwgZ wfwRU Kiæb, jvBK w`b I UzBU d‡jv Kiæb: www.hcidhaka.gov.in @ihcdhaka

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