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†g 2018
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K‡i gvbe Rxe‡bi GZ m~²vwZm~² Abyfe‡K iex›`ªbv‡_i gZ nq‡Zv we‡k¦i Avi KwZcq `yÕGKRb MxwZKwe msMx‡Zi ˆkwíK †mŠ›`‡h©i me©Kvjxb Avav‡i e›`x Ki‡Z m¶g n‡q‡Qb| hw`I iex›`ªM‡elKMY Zuvi mKj msMxZ‡K cuvPwU welq-ch©vq-†kÖwY‡Z wef³ Ki‡Z †P‡q‡Qb| G¸‡jv n‡”Q †cÖg, cÖK…wZ, c~Rv, ¯^‡`k I wewPÎ ch©vq| iex›`ªbv_ evsjv Q‡›`iI mªóv wQ‡jb| myZivs msMx‡Zi Zvj wbiƒc‡Y wZwb wQ‡jb AZzjbxq| Zuvi msMxZ m¤¢v‡i we‡k¦i wewfbœ †`‡ki wewfbœ Avw½Kgq msMx‡Zi myi I Q›`gva~h©I cwijw¶Z nq| nvRvi nvRvi eQ‡ii fviZxq Dcgnv‡`‡ki HwZn¨gwÐZ kv¯¿xq msMx‡Zi cvkvcvwk mvaviYfv‡e eûj cÖPwjZ †jvKRmyi we‡kl K‡i Avengvb evOjvi gvwU Avi gvby‡li ü`q DrmvwiZ evDjmy‡ii cÖwZ wZwb AvZ¥wb‡ew`Z n‡q mkÖ×vq Suz‡K‡Qb| ZviB djkÖæwZ‡Z evsjvi Av‡iK wek¦gvbe jvjb mvuB‡qi cÖavbZg wkl¨ †m‡R 1322 e½v‡ã fviZe‡l©i cÖevmx cwÎKvi ÔnvivgwYÕ wefv‡M Avwk¦b †_‡K gvN ch©šÍ wZwb jvj‡bi 20wU msMxZ‡K me©cÖ_g Qvcvi A¶‡i cÖKv‡ki gva¨‡g mgv‡Ri mywagn‡j Dc¯’vcb K‡i‡Qb| iex›`ªbv_ evDj Mv‡bi AwZ mnR Avi mvejxj cÖKvkfw½ Ges GKBm‡½ †gŠwjK `k©‡b cyó AvZ¥`k©x cv‡V gy» n‡q jvj‡bi AvLov †_‡K 298wU msMx‡Zi GKwU LvZvI msMÖn K‡ib| mgq-my‡hvM †c‡jB evDj‡`i †W‡K emv‡Zb Mv‡bi Avmi| iex›`ªbv_ evDj cÖm‡½ GK RvqMvq wj‡L‡Qb, ÔwkjvB`‡n hLb wQjvg evDj‡`i m‡½ Avgvi me©`vB †`Lv mv¶vr I Avjvc-Av‡jvPbv n‡Zv|Õ GQvov mvwnwZ¨K b›`‡Mvcvj †mb¸ß‡K GKwU wPwV‡Z iex›`ªbv_ †j‡LbÑ ÔKj¨vYx‡qly, evD‡ji Mvb wkjvB`‡n LuvwU evD‡ji gy‡L ï‡bwQ I Zv‡`i cyivZb LvZv †`‡LwQ| wbtmsk‡q Rvwb evDj Mv‡b GKUv AK…wÎg wewkóZv Av‡Q| hv wPi‡K‡j AvaywbK| nvj Avg‡ji K‡j‡R cvm Kiv †mUv Rvj Ki‡Z cv‡i bv, †m Zv‡`i ¶gZvi AZxZ| Bs‡iwR c‡ov evD‡ji Mvb Av‡Q, †`‡LwQ Zv, Zv A¯ú„k¨| Avgvi A‡bK Mvb evDj Quv‡Pi, wKš‘ Rvj Ki‡Z †Póv Kwiwb, †m¸‡jv ¯úóZ iex›`ª evD‡ji iPbv| wKš‘ Kve¨ cwiP‡q †h evDj Mvb¸‡jv Av‡Q †m Avgvi gv_vq wKsev Kj‡g AvmZ bv, †jvK VKv‡Z †M‡j wbwðZ aiv coZzg|Õ evDj Mv‡bi X‡O we‡fvi n‡qB ZvB iex›`ª evDj, evDj my‡i †M‡q D‡V‡QbÑ Avgvi †mvbvi evsjv Avwg †Zvgvq fvjevwm...AveviÑ †f‡½ †gvi N‡ii Pvwe wb‡q hvwe †K Avgv‡i... BZ¨vw` me evDj Avw½‡Ki msMxZ| wek¦mfvq wZwbB GKgvÎ MxwZKwe whwb GKBm‡½ evsjv‡`k, fviZ I kÖxj¼vi Z_v wZbwU †`‡ki RvZxq msMx‡Zi iPwqZv| eûgyLx cÖwZfv`xß GB Kwei iwPZ msMx‡Zi Av‡iKwU ˆewkó¨ n‡”Q wZwb wbw`©ó †Kvb m¤cÖ`v‡qi Rb¨ msMxZ iPbv K‡ibwb| ZvB Zvi msMxZ me©Rbxb, mKj Kv‡ji mKj gvby‡li wcÖq m½x| A‡bK M‡e‡lK g‡b K‡ib iex›`ªbv‡_i cÖ_g Rxe‡bi †jLv msMxZ¸wj AwaKvskB wn›`y¯Ívbx gvM©xq msMx‡Zi AbyKi‡Y iwPZ| M‡e‡lK‡`i g‡Z iex›`ªbv‡_i cÖKvwkZ msMx‡Zi cwigvY cÖvq AvovB nvRvi| Z‡e MxZweZv‡b cÖKvwkZ iex›`ªmsMx‡Zi msL¨v 2232| wZwb †cÖg, cÖK…wZ, c~Rv, ¯^‡`k I wewPÎ ch©v‡qi msMx‡Zi g‡a¨ †ek wKQz MxwZbvU¨ I wPÎbvU¨i R‡b¨I cÖ‡qvRbxq msMxZ iPbv K‡i‡Qb| Z‡e fviZxq kv¯¿xq msMx‡Zi gg©wbwnZ fve‡K AvZ¥¯’ K‡i Kwe †jLbx‡Z wKQz gvM©xq msMx‡Zi wPÎKíI eY©bv K‡i‡Qb| †hgbÑ †fv‡ii ivM ˆfiex wb‡q Kwe Zvi gg©w¯’Z ¯^iƒc‡K cÖKvk Ki‡Z wM‡q e‡j‡Qb, mKvj †ejvi m~‡h©i mg¯Í Av‡jv ¤øvb n‡q G‡m‡Q, MvQ-cvjviv wbt¯Íä n‡q Kx †hb ïb‡Q Ges AvKvk GKUv wek¦e¨vcx AkÖæev‡®ú †hb Av”Qbœ n‡q i‡q‡Q A_©vr `~i AvKv‡ki w`‡K PvB‡j g‡b nq †hb GKUv Awb‡gl bxj †PvL †Kej Qj Qj K‡i †P‡q Av‡Q| ZvB fvB‡iv †hb †fvi‡ejvi AvKv‡ki cÖ_g RvMiY| ciR †hb Aembœ ivwÎ †k‡li wb`ªv wenŸjZv| Kvbvov †hb Nb AÜKv‡i AwfmvwiKv wbkxw_bxi c_ we¯§„wZ| cyiex †hb k~b¨ M„nPvwiYx weaev mܨvi AkÖæ‡gvPb BZ¨vw`| iex›`ªbv_ fviZxq gvM©xq msMxZ wb‡qB ïay myMfxi wPšÍv I M‡elYv K‡ibwb, wZwb eû wnw›` fv½v Mvb‡KI AvZ¥¯’ K‡i‡Qb Zuvi msMx‡Z| my›`‡ii c~Rvix KwemËv iex›`ªbv_ †Kej Avcb †`‡ki Avbv‡P Kvbv‡PB Mfxi
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†g 2018
ïay ZvB bq! wZwb Zvi bvbviƒc, iO, MÜ Øviv GZUvB weåvšÍ n‡eb †h, Zvi c‡¶ †mB RvwZi ms¯‹…wZi iƒc wbg©vY, cwieZ©b †Póv A‡bKUv Kómva¨ ch©v‡qi| ms¯‹…wZ †h GKwU Pjgvb cÖwµqvÑ G wel‡q †Kvb m‡›`n ‡bB| ms¯‹…wZi ag©B n‡”Q wbZ¨ bZzb ms‡hvRb Ges we‡qvRb| KvwjK cwiµgvq GK gvbyl †_‡K Av‡iK gvby‡l Zv Ny‡i †eovq Ges GB ågY Zvi ¯^fve, cwieZ©bkxjZv Zvi ag© Ges eûiƒwcZv Zvi mvaviY ˆewkó¨I| AvaywbK mvs¯‹…wZK b„ZË¡we`‡`i ms¯‹…wZ m¤ú‡K© bvbv gZvgZ Av‡Q| †ivbv‡ìv wimv‡ëvmn A‡b‡K e‡j‡Qb, ms¯‹…wZi †h GKwU †gŠj-cwiPq †LuvRv nq †mwU Avm‡j gvbe-BwZnv‡mi †Kvb ch©v‡q we`¨gvb wQj bv| me †gŠj mgvRB wPiw`b Ab¨ ms¯‹…wZi m‡½ wg‡k cyó n‡q‡Q A_©vr ms¯‹…wZ †Kvb wbw`©ó ¯’vb I KvVv‡gvq †_‡g †bB| Zv wbZ¨ cwieZ©bkxj I mÂvjbkxj| †nvwg †K fvev Zuvi †jv‡Kkb Ad KvjPvi MÖ‡š’i GKwU iPbvq e‡j‡Qb, Ômgv‡Ri cÖvšÍmxgvq GKwU †gŠj ms¯‹…wZi m‡½ Ab¨ ms¯‹…wZi †h †jb‡`b ev ewbebv nq, Zij n‡jI †mwUB GKwU mgv‡Ri g~j ms¯‹…wZ‡K msÁvwqZ K‡i|Õ A_©vr ms¯‹…wZi ag©B n‡”Q wgkÖYkxjZv| wgkÖYnxb †Kvb ms¯‹…wZi Aw¯ÍZ¡ †bB c„w_ex‡Z| Zv wQj bv Ges m„wóI n‡e bv| GwU ms¯‹…wZi cÖavb GK ¯^fve‡K e¨³ K‡i‡Q| ms¯‹…wZ †h Pjgvb Ges Zv †h msµvgK, msMÖvnK Ges m¤úvw`Z nIqvi gvivZ¥K wbg©gZv †`v‡l `yó ZviI Bw½Z| Av‡gwiKvb b„ZË¡we` †Rgm wK¬‡dvW© ms¯‹…wZi evZveiY‡K †ij‡÷kb ev wegvb e›`‡ii UªvbwRU jvD‡Äi m‡½ Zzjbv K‡i‡Qb| hvÎx Avm‡Q, hv‡”Q, bZzb cwiwPwZ n‡”Q, cwiwPwZ fvO‡Q, Avevi bZzb cwiwPwZ ˆZwi n‡”Q| ms¯‹…wZi GB wgkÖY ev nvBweªWvB‡RkbgyLx PwiÎ j¶ K‡i b„ZË¡we` ievU© wW·b ms¯‹…wZ‡K †cvivm ev wQ`ªme©¯^ ev Pvjywbmg e‡j‡Qb| wZwb e‡j‡Qb, Pvjywbi †hgb kZ wQ`ª _v‡K, ms¯‹…wZiI ZvB| Dc‡ii M‡elK I cwÐZ‡`i Av‡jvPbv †_‡K ms¯‹…wZi ¯^fve, MVb, iƒc, wµqvi †ek wKQy ˆewkó¨ cvIqv hvq| †evSv hvq ms¯‹…wZ †Kvb mvgvb¨ I mvaviY welq bq, Zv Amvgvb¨ I AmvaviY| ms¯‹…wZ †hgb HwZnvwmK Pwi‡Î DbœxZ †Zgb Zv eZ©gv‡bi bvbv †MvjK auvavi m½x Ges Aek¨B fwel¨rgyLx| c„w_exi mgMÖ gvbe mgv‡Ri wfbœ wfbœ ms¯‹…wZi cÖKvk j¶ Kiv hvq| c~‡e© e¨³ n‡q‡Q GKKfv‡e †KD hw` Pvq †h, ms¯‹…wZmg~‡ni cwieZ©b wZwb NUv‡ebÑ GwU Am¤¢e| e¨w³ hLb GK GKwU ms¯‹…wZi Abyl½ Rb¥ w`‡”Q A_ev DËivwaKvi m~‡Î †Kvb ms¯‹…wZi `vmZ¡ Ki‡Q ZLb Zvi fvjjvMv-g›`jvMv, cQ›`-AcQ‡›`i †eva GKUv mgq ch©šÍ Zv‡K AvK…ó Ki‡e Ges GKUv mgq G‡m Zvi eq‡mi cwieZ©‡b, mg‡qi cwieZ©‡b iæwP I wPšÍvq cÖPwjZ ms¯‹…wZi iƒcwU AvMÖnnxb K‡i Zzj‡Z cv‡i| nq‡Zv †Kvb GK Kv‡j, Zviæ‡Y¨ †h me welq‡K e¨w³ fvj‡e‡m MÖnY K‡iwQj AvR Zv ¤øvb, a~miZvq †cuŠ‡Q‡Q wKš‘ Gi Rb¨ †Zv †mB ms¯‹…wZi †`vl †bB| Avi Zv Qvov AvR Zvi ¯’v‡b bZzb cÖRb¥ G‡m G‡KB †Zv AvMÖnf‡i MÖnY Ki‡Q| †m †¶‡Î nq‡Zv mvgvb¨ Gw`K†mw`K K‡i wb‡”Q ms¯‹…wZi A½-cÖZ¨½‡K| cÖ‡Z¨K e¨w³B †Kvb bv †Kvb ms¯‹…wZi ms‡hvRb I we‡qvRb m„wói bvqK n‡q hvb| ms¯‹…wZi mvgwMÖK Aeq‡e Zvi GB ms‡hvRb-we‡qvRb wµqv GZB ¶z`ª †h, Lvwj †Pv‡L Zvi †`Lv cvIqv Am¤¢e| ZviciI Avgiv GB e¨w³ ¯^vZš¿¨‡K ¸iæZ¡ w`B| Avgiv PvB bZzb‡Z¡i PgK, wKQy wKQy cyivZ‡bi we`vq| Avi GB PvIqv-cvIqvi Kv‡R mnvqZvKvix e¨w³iv Avgv‡`i ü`q, †eva I †gav‡K cÖZ¨n Av‡jvwoZ K‡i| hLb †Kvb e¨w³, †Mvôx ev `j mvwe©K ¶gZvai n‡q I‡Vb ZLb †Kvb GKwU mgvR, iv‡óª H me e¨w³, †Mvôx, `‡ji iæwP, wek¦vm, cQ›`-AcQ›` †mB cwievi, †Mvôx, mgvR I iv‡óªi ms¯‹…wZ‡K Ab¨vb¨ cwieZ©‡bi gZ mÁv‡b-AÁv‡b cwieZ©‡bi fvlvq iƒcvšÍwiZ K‡i| Avkvi welq Zv memgq ¯’vwqZ¡ cvq bv| Z‡e Zvi wµqv-cÖwZwµqv ms¯‹…wZi †mB mgqwU‡K wech©¯Í K‡i| Avevi †Kvb †Kvb m„wókxj gnr e¨w³e‡M©i Avwef©v‡e RvwZi ms¯‹…wZi †PnvivwU ax‡i ax‡i A_ev nVvr K‡iB cwieZ©b †c‡Z cv‡i| RvwZmËvi Askx e¨vcK gvbm Zv ü`q
†_‡K, eyw×, we‡eK, †PZbv †_‡K MÖn‡Y F× K‡i †bq, Zvi Avcb AvPvi-AvPiY, B‡”Q-AvKv•ÿv ¯^‡cœi SjK-PgK| evOvwj Kwe, wek¦Kwe iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi Avgv‡`i evOvwj ms¯‹… wZi †mB cwieZ©b, cwigvR©b, ms‡hvRb I we‡qvR‡bi cÖavbZg PwiÎ| Zuvi Kg©KzkjZv, wPšÍv-†PZbv I m„wókxjZv GB ms¯‹…wZ‡K w`‡q‡Q bvbv iƒcgqZv, iO, MÜ I ˆewPΨgywLZv| ms¯‹…wZi GZ eo msMVK cÖvPxb, ga¨ I eZ©gvb AvaywbKKv‡jI evOvwj mgvR, msmv‡i Rb¥ MÖnY K‡ibwb| Kwe iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi‡K evOvwj AvaywbK ms¯‹… wZi cÖavb iƒcKvi wn‡m‡e MÖnY Ki‡Z Avgv‡`i AvR †Kvb mskq I wØav †bB| hw`I GB AvaywbKKvj P~ovšÍ bq| Avgv‡`i †eva, †gav I gbb hv‡K AvaywbK e‡j Rvb‡Z, eyS‡Z Pv‡”Q Zv KZUzKz AvaywbK I DrK…óÑ †m m¤ú‡K©Ñ G hy‡Mi gvbyl wn‡m‡e Zvi wePv‡i Avgv‡`i Áv‡bi cwigv‡ci mxgve×Zv Av‡Q| mf¨Zvi ïiæ hLb n‡q‡Q ZLb Zvi †kl _vKvUv ¯^vfvweK| ZvB ms¯‹…wZi bvbvgyLx ms¯‹vi GKUv ch©v‡q G‡m wejxb n‡Z cv‡i| Z`ªæc wejxb n‡Z cv‡i c„w_exi; wejxb n‡Z cv‡i Zvi ey‡K †R‡M IVv cÖv‡Yi, cÎ-cjø‡ei| cÖwZwU mf¨Zvq gvby‡li hvwKQy AR©b Zv †m-hy‡Mi †m-me gvby‡li Kv‡Q Av`‡ii, MÖn‡Yi Ges we¯§‡qi| G hver N‡U hvIqv gvb‡ei mg¯Í wKQyB †hgb mf¨Zvi AR©b Zv cieZ©xKv‡ji gvby‡li Kv‡QI ms‡kvab, we‡qvR‡bi †hvM¨| cwi‡ek, cÖK…wZ, mgq Zv‡K cwiewZ©Z Ki‡e| me©Kv‡ji gvbyl Zv‡K Zvi cÖ‡qvR‡bi †hvM¨ K‡i †Zvjvi cÖ‡Póvq iZ n‡e GwUB ¯^vfvweK| wKš‘ Avgv‡`i ÁvbZ †mB mgq ev¯ÍeZvi †Kvb aviYv Avwe®‹v‡i AcviM| ZvB AZxZ I eZ©gv‡bi aviYv ev Ávb †_‡K Avgiv fwel¨‡Zi iƒc AsKb Ki‡Z cvwi, Zvi cwieZ©‡bi †iLvwPÎ `uvo Kiv‡Z cvwi| ÔAvgvi †jLvi Pvwiav‡i cÖfvZ dzwUqv D‡V| gv‡Vi dyj, †g‡Ni iO, †fv‡ii evZvm Ges GKUzLvwb Ny‡gi †Nvi Avgvi cvZvi g‡a¨ wgkvBqv _v‡K; Aiæ‡Yi †cÖg Avgvi A¶i¸wji Pvwiw`‡K jZvBqv I‡V... Avgvi †jLvi Dc‡i Qvqv †dwjqv c„w_exi †jvK c_ w`qv Pwjqv hvB‡Z‡Q| Zvnviv m‡½ wKQyB jBqv hvq bv| Zvnviv myL-`ytL fywj‡Z fywj‡Z Pwjqv hvq| Rxeb nB‡Z cÖwZ wbwg‡li fvi †dwj‡Z Pwjqv hvq| Zvnv‡`i nvwm-Kvbœv Avgvi †jLvi Dc‡i cwoqv A¼zwiZ nBqv D‡V| Zvnv‡`i Mvb Zvnviv fywjqv hvq, Zvnv‡`i †cÖg Zvnviv ivwLqv hvq|Õ (Ñc_ cÖv‡šÍ) iex›`ªbv‡_i †PZbvi ¯Íi wkím„wói P~ovšÍ ¯’vb `Lj K‡i Av‡Q| e¨w³ ü`‡qi m‡½, RvwZi ü`‡qi ms‡hvM mvab Zuvi cÖ‡Póvi cÖavbZi w`K| Dch©y³ DׄwZ‡Z wek¦Rbxb gvbeZv Ges m„wócÖv‡Yi Mvp ms‡e` Abvqv‡m j¶¨ cvq| e¨w³ ms¯‹…wZi mvgwMÖK Ask‡K AR©‡b wbweo mvabvq iZ| GB gvbwmKZv †hgb GKw`‡K gnr wkí mªóvi cwiPq enb K‡i Z`ªæc Zvi wekvj K¨vbfvm‡K RvMÖZ K‡i A_ev we¯Í… wZi wekvj m¤¢vebvi Bw½Z cÖ`vb K‡i| mn‡R †evSv hvq GK gnr, eo gv‡ci gvby‡li mvwbœa¨ jvf Ki‡Z hv‡”Q GKwU RvwZ; GKwU fvlv I Zvi mvwnZ¨-ms¯‹…wZ| Avgiv Rvwb wek¦Kwe AvaywbK hy‡Mi gvbyl| Zuvi R‡b¥i Kv‡j weÁv‡bi bvbv Avwe®‹vi gvbe mf¨Zv‡K bvbv w`K †_‡K bwo‡qPwo‡q †`q| ˆeÁvwbK bvbv hš¿cvwZi Avwe®‹vi, †hvMv‡hvM e¨e¯’vi ˆecøweK cwieZ©b, hvb-evnb, Z_¨ cÖhyw³, we`y¨r, AmsL¨ wkí Drcv`b gvby‡li mf¨Zv‡K bvbvfv‡e weKwkZ K‡i| Ab¨vb¨ bvbv wel‡qi Dci cÖfv‡ei gZ wek¦ ms¯‹…wZi DciI ¯^vfvweKfv‡e Zv cÖfvweZ nq| d‡j ms¯‹…wZi kix‡i bvbv av°v Zv‡K wcó K‡i| Zv‡K `yg‡o gyP‡o ms‡hvR‡b we‡qvR‡b AK¯§vr e¨wZe¨¯Í K‡i †Zv‡j Ges Aek¨B ZLb †_‡K ms¯‹… wZ cwieZ©‡bi fvlv †c‡q‡Q| cwieZ©‡bi †mB mg‡q evOvwj ms¯‹…wZ‡K beiƒ‡c Moevi, `uvo Kiv‡bvi cÖqvm Ges cÖ‡Póv Kwe iex›`ªbv_‡K cÖZ¨q`xß I ewjô K‡i †Zv‡j| wZwb †mB cÖZ¨q`xß evmbvi cwiZ… wßi †Luv‡R wek¦ ms¯‹…wZi w`‡K †PvL †g‡j Pvb| Zz‡j †bb Zuvi cQ‡›`i iOUzKz, MÜUzKz| wbR RvwZi cÖ‡qvR‡bi †hvM¨ iƒc m„wó‡Z Ggb AvšÍwiKZv cÖK…ZB weij| mgMÖ Rxebe¨vcx Kwe¸iæ evOvwj RvwZi ms¯‹… wZ‡K Avcb g‡bi gvayix w`‡q M‡o‡Qb, wZ‡j wZ‡j Zvi wkí‡mŠKh©,
†g 2018
15
Hk¦h© m„wó‡Z me©¯^ e¨q K‡i‡Qb| gnv cÖwZfvai GB mªóv c„w_exi mf¨Zvi ¶YRb¥v cyiæl‡`i GKRb| evOvwji Me© Ges AnsKv‡ii †kÖô e¨w³Z¡| ïaygvÎ †bv‡ej cyi¯‹v‡ii Rb¨ bq! evOvwj Zuv‡K g‡b iv‡Lb, kÖ×v K‡ib, fvjev‡mb GB Kvi‡Y †h, wZwb evOvwji Rxe‡bi cÖwZwU gyn~‡Z©, KvRK‡g© m‡½-Abyl‡½ †cÖiYv w`‡q hvb, †R‡M I‡Vb wbÁ©v‡bÁvb, welv‡`-Avb›`, A¯^w¯Í‡Z ¯^w¯Í`v‡bi cÖv‡qvwMK ˆbcy‡Y¨| mvwnZ¨, ms¯‹…wZi cÖavb f~wg‡¶Î| iex›`ªbv_ ms¯‹…wZi iƒc wbg©v‡Y wK‡kvi eq‡mB Zuvi gvZ…f~wgi cÖwZ g‡bv‡hvMx nb| iex›`ªbv‡_i cwiev‡ii †jvKRb wQ‡jb weØvb I ms¯‹„wZevb| AvaywbK wPšÍv-†PZbvq wbg¾gvb| d‡j ms¯‹…wZ m„wó‡Z GB cwiev‡ii Ae`vb‡K Lv‡Uv K‡i †`Lvi †Kvb AeKvk †bB| iex›`ªbv_‡K AvaywbK evOvwj ms¯‹…wZi cÖavb iƒcKvi
n‡Z cÖavb f~wgKv †i‡L‡Q G evwoi cÖwZwU cÖvY, AvwObv, cvwicvwk¦©KZv Ges Aek¨B †`k, mgvR I gvbyl| Avgv‡`i ¯§i‡Y ivL‡Z n‡e, gvbyl fvebvi MfxiZi cÖ‡Póv wQj wek¦Kwei| Ges GB gvbyl fvebvi g~jMZ †PZbv euvK †c‡q‡Q bv›`wbKZv‡K wN‡i| Avgiv Rvwb mvwnZ¨, wkí, msMxZ, bvUK, †mB bv›`wbKZvi A‡bK Ask `Lj K‡i Av‡Q| Ôgvby‡li ü`q Qwo‡q Av‡Q, wgwj‡q Av‡Q, c„w_exi Av‡jvq Qvqvq, Zvi M‡Ü Zvi Mv‡b|Õ(Ñ bvbv K_v) wPšÍvwe` iex›`ªbv_ `vk©wbKZvi wbM~p Ae¯’v‡b cÖZ¨n e›`x| d‡j Zuvi cÖwZwU †jLv, Kvh©µg GKwU D‡Ï‡k¨i †Luv‡R wbZ¨ AMÖkxj| g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e AvR‡Ki evOvwj RvwZ nVvr K‡iB mg„w× cvqwb| Zv wZj wZj K‡i mg„w×i c‡_ GwM‡q‡Q| cwÐZMY g‡b K‡ib, cÖvq wZb nvRvi eQ‡ii `xN©c_ cwiµgvi †fZi w`‡qB evsjv
16
†g 2018
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wKš‘ iex›`ª-cÖwZfvi eûgywLZvi K_v I iPbv-m¤¢v‡ii wecyjZvi K_v we‡ePbv Ki‡j wZwb Dch©y³ cÖwZfvai mvwnwZ¨K‡`i Zzjbvq A‡bK †ÿ‡Î †h GwM‡q wQ‡jb, Zv cÖvq wbwØ©avq ejv hvq| mvaviY Kwe‡`i gZ wZwb ïay Zuvi Kv‡ji Kwe bb, wZwb KvjRqx Kwe| c„w_ex‡Z hy‡M hy‡M mvwnZ¨, ms¯‹…wZ, mf¨Zv, `k©b I ÁvbweÁv‡bi †ÿ‡Î †h iƒcvšÍi N‡U‡Q, iex›`ªbv_ mewKQy‡K AvZ¥¯’ K‡i‡Qb Mfxi Abykxjb, µgvMZ wbixÿv Ges wek¦cwiµgvi ga¨ w`‡q| ZvB Zuvi mvwn‡Z¨ Rxe‡bi bvbv ch©v‡q welq I Avw½‡Ki wbišÍi cvjve`j N‡U‡Q| we¯§qKi I me©ÎMvgx cÖwZfvi AwaKvix evOvwj GB Kwe bvbv Awfavq AwfwnZ| wZwb Kwe, `vk©wbK, wkÿvwe`, MxZ-iPwqZv, myiKvi, KÉwkíx, Awf‡bZv, bvUK-cÖnmb iPwqZv, Jcb¨vwmK, Mí iPwqZv, cÖeÜKvi, cwÎKv-m¤úv`K, wPÎKi (D‡jøL¨, Zuvi wPÎwkí †`‡k I BD‡iv‡ci eû‡`‡k cÖkswmZ n‡q‡Q bvbv ¯’v‡b cÖ`k©bxi gva¨‡g), K…wl-Dw™¢`we`¨v-weÁvbwelqK iPbvKvi, mgevq-K…wle¨vsK aviYvi cÖeZ©K, mgvR ms¯‹viK, ch©UK, Rwg`vi wn‡m‡e cÖRvbyiÄKÑ Kx bb wZwb| ïay ZvB bq, me©‡ÿ‡ÎB wZwb mgvb `ÿZv I cvi`wk©Zvi cwiPq w`‡q‡Qb| Zuvi wcZv gnwl© †`‡e›`ªbv_ VvKzi wQ‡jb mZZv, ag©‡eva, Fwlmyjf PvwiwÎK ¸Y, D`vi AvwfRvZ¨ I gnvbyfeZvq F× GK Abb¨ cyiæl| iex›`ªªbv_ Zuvi wcZvi A‡bK ¸YB DËivwaKvi m~‡Î jvf K‡iwQ‡jb| †`‡e›`ªbv_ VvKziI Zuvi GB Kwbô cÖwZfvai mšÍvbwU‡K me©v‡cÿv †ewk mvnPh© w`‡Zb| gnwl© GB wK‡kvi mšÍvbwU‡K evi eQi eq‡mB wngvjq `k©b I kvwšÍwb‡KZ‡b wb‡q †M‡Qb Ges wbR ZË¡veav‡b ms¯‹…Z fvlv I mvwnZ¨ Ges f~‡Mvj, BwZnvm, mgvRwe`¨v cÖf„wZ we`¨vq cvi`k©x K‡i Zz‡j‡Qb| iex›`ªbv_ wkÿvi †ÿ‡Î Zuvi †R¨ô wZb fvB w؇R›`ªbv_, m‡Z¨›`ªbv_ I †R¨vwZwi›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii ØvivI bvbvfv‡e cÖfvweZ n‡q‡Qb| iex›`ªbv‡_i AvbyôvwbK wkÿv ïiæ nq KjKvZvi Iwi‡q›Uvj †mwgbvwi‡Z, Zvici wZwb wKQyw`b c‡ob we`¨vmvMi cÖwZwôZ bg©vj ¯‹z‡j, me‡k‡l Zuv‡K fwZ© Kiv nq †m›U †Rwfqv‡m©| wKš‘ K¬v‡m
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AwbqwgZ Dcw¯’wZi Kvi‡Y Zuvi ¯‹z‡j cov eÜ n‡q hvq| KviY, ¯‹z‡ji MÐxe× Rxeb Zuvi G‡Kev‡iB fvj jvMZ bv| Zuvi wkÿv g~jZ n‡q‡Q evwo‡Z mycwÐZ M„nwkÿ‡Ki Kv‡Q| M„nwkÿ‡Ki Kv‡Q Zuv‡K co‡Z nZ ms¯‹…Z, Bs‡iwR mvwnZ¨, c`v_©we`¨v, MwYZ, BwZnvm, f~‡Mvj, cÖK…wZ-weÁvb cÖf„wZ| Kwe wb‡Ri B”QvgZI A‡bK wKQy c‡o‡Qb| H eq‡m wZwb †jLv‡jwLI ïiæ K‡i‡Qb cy‡iv gvÎvq| †`‡ki cÖPwjZ wkÿvavivi cÖwZ iex›`ªbv‡_i AbvMÖn †`‡L †gR`v AvBwmGm m‡Z¨›`ªbv_ VvKzi Zuv‡K e¨vwi÷vwi covi Rb¨ we‡j‡Z cvVv‡bvi cÖ¯Íve K‡ib Ges 1878 mv‡ji †m‡Þ¤^i gv‡m m‡Z¨›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii m‡½ Kwe Bsj¨vÛ hvb| †mLv‡b cÖ_‡g eªvBU‡bi GKwU cvewjK ¯‹z‡j Ges c‡i jÛ‡bi BDwbfvwm©wU ¯‹z‡j wZwb covïbv K‡ib| G covI Zuvi m¤ú~Y© nqwb, Z‡e GLv‡b _vKvKvjxb †`o eQ‡i †mLvbKvi mgvR I Rxeb‡K wZwb Mfxifv‡e ch©‡eÿY K‡i‡Qb| Gi cÖgvY cvIqv hvq fviZx‡Z cÖKvwkZ Zuvi BD‡ivc cÖevmxi cÎ †_‡K| 1890 mv‡j †m‡Þ¤^i gv‡m iex›`ªbv_ †gR`vi m‡½ wØZxqevi Bsj¨v‡Û hvb GK gv‡mi Rb¨| †`‡k †divi ci Zuv‡K Rwg`vwi iÿYv‡eÿ‡Yi Rb¨ c~e©e‡½ cvVv‡bv nq| wkjvB`n, kvnRv`cyi, cwZmi, KvwjMÖvg cÖf„wZ ¯’v‡b we¯ÍxY© AÂj Ry‡o Zuv‡`i Rwg`vwi wQj| GLv‡b _vKvKvjxb wZwb MÖvgevsjvi `wi`ª Rbmvavi‡Yi m‡½ Mfxifv‡e GKvZ¥ n‡q c‡ob| Mí¸”Qvw` †ek wKQy †kÖô iPbv wZwb GB mgq iPbv K‡ib, Zv‡Z MÖvgevsjvi iƒc my›`ifv‡e dz‡U D‡V‡Q| 1911 mv‡j iex›`ªbv‡_i cÂvk eQi c~wZ© Dcj‡ÿ e½xq mvwnZ¨ cwil‡`i cÿ †_‡K iv‡g›`ªmy›`i w·e`x, wePvicwZ mvi`vPiY wgÎ, AvPvh© cÖdyjøP›`ª ivq, weÁvbx RM`xkP›`ª emy Ges Ab¨vb¨ cwÐZ e¨w³ mvo¤^‡i Kwei R‡b¥vrme cvjb K‡ib| †bv‡ej cyi¯‹vi cÖvwßi c~‡e© GUvB Kwei cÖwZ ¯^‡`kevmxi cÖ_g kÖ×vN©| †Rvovmuv‡Kvi VvKzievwo mgKvjxb mvwnZ¨ I wkíPP©vi Ab¨Zg cÖvY‡K›`ª wQj e‡j †`‡ki I we‡`‡ki eû cwÐZ e¨w³iv cÖvqB GLv‡b Avm‡Zb| GB m~‡Î K‡qKRb weL¨vZ e¨w³i m‡½ iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii cwiPq I NwbôZv R‡b¥| Guiv n‡jb wkímgv‡jvPK Kzgvi¯^vgx, fwMbx wb‡ew`Zv, HwZnvwmK h`ybv_ miKvi, Bs‡iR gbxlx wPÎwkíx DBwjqg †iv‡Ub÷vBb, GÛªyR cÖgyL weL¨vZ e¨w³eM©| Kzgvi¯^vgx gWvb© wiwfD cwÎKvq iex›`ªbv‡_i KweZvi Bs‡iwR Abyev` cÖKvk K‡ib, h`ybv_ miKviI gWvb© wiwfD cwÎKvq iex›`ªbv‡_i †ek wKQy iPbvi Abyev` cÖKvk K‡ib| fwMbx wb‡ew`ZvI gWvb© wiwfD cwÎKvq Kwei KveywjIqvjv MíwUi Bs‡iwR Abyev` K‡ib| Bsj¨v‡Û e‡mB GB Mí c‡o DBwjqg †iv‡Ub÷vBb Awff~Z nb Ges iex›`ªbv_ m¤ú‡K© JrmyK¨ cÖKvk K‡i wkíx Aebx›`ªbv_‡K wPwV †j‡Lb| iex›`ªbv‡_i K‡qKwU KweZvi ¯^K…Z Abyev`I ZLb †iv‡Ub÷vBb‡K cvVv‡bv nq| G cÖm‡½ iex›`ªRxebK_vi †jLK cÖfvZKzgvi gy‡Lvcva¨vq Zuvi MÖ‡š’ †iv‡Ub÷vB‡bi e¨w³ I ¯§„wZ (Men and Memories) MÖ‡š’i wKQy ¯’vb Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb, hv GLv‡b wKQy cwiewZ©Z AvKv‡i Zz‡j aiv njÑ gWvb© wiwfD cwÎKvq iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii GKUv M‡íi Abyev` [fwMbx wb‡ew`Zv-Abyw`Z KveywjIqvjv] cvV K‡i Avwg GZ gy» nB †h, Avwg ZLbB †Rvovmuv‡Kv‡Z Aebx›`ªbv_ VvKzi‡K cÎ wj‡L Rvwb iex›`ªbv‡_i Ab¨vb¨ Mí¸wj †Kv_vq cvIqv hv‡e| K‡qKw`b ci AwRZ PµeZ©x Abyev` Kiv iex›`ªbv‡_i KZK¸wj KweZvi GKUv LvZv Avgvi wbK‡U Gj| KweZv¸wj D”P-Aa¨vZ¥fvec~Y© ev wgw÷K Ges g‡b nj M‡íi A‡cÿv ˆewkó¨c~Y©| KweZv¸wj c‡o †hgb gy» njvg, †Zgwb wew¯§Z njvg| Ggb mg‡q beweavb mgv‡Ri cÖg_jvj †m‡bi mwnZ Avgvi cwiPq nj| wZwb GKw`b (ZrKv‡j jÛbcÖevmx) eª‡R›`ªbv_ kxj gnvkq‡K Avgvi evwo‡Z Avb‡jb| Avwg iex›`ªbv_‡K jÛ‡b Avmevi Rb¨ Zuv‡`iI cÎ wjL‡Z Aby‡iva Kwi| Zvi ciB GKw`b ïbjvg iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi jÛ‡b Avm‡Qb| ZLb †_‡K cÖwZ gyn~‡Z© Avgvi M„‡n Zuvi AvMgb cÖZxÿv Ki‡Z jvMjvg|
Ôiex›`ªbv_ †h-me evsjv KweZv wb‡RB ZR©gv K‡iwQ‡jb Zvi LvZvwU Avgvq Dcnvi w`‡jb; †mB mܨvq Avwg KweZv¸wj c‡o Acvi Avb›` †cjvg|... ÔAvwg GB gy³vivwki Kx gg© eySeÑ †mB Rb¨ Z`vbxšÍb Kwe‡kÖô B‡qU&m&‡K GB i‡Zœi mÜvb w`jvg|... Kwe B‡qU&m& KweZv¸wj cvV K‡i GgbB gy» n‡jb †h, Zuvi cjøxwbevm †_‡K iex›`ªbv_‡K †`Levi Rb¨ jÛ‡b Qy‡U G‡jb| Ô`yB Kwei wgj‡b cÖvP¨ I cÖZx‡P¨i wgj‡bi exR †ivwcZ nj... ZLb †_‡KB iex›`ªbv‡_i cÖwZ Kwe B‡qU&m& cÖMvp kÖ×vevb n‡q DV‡jb|Õ Bsj¨vÛ †_‡K Kwe Av‡gwiKvq hvb| Av‡gwiKvi K‡qKRb Aa¨vc‡Ki m‡½ cÎvjv‡ci gva¨‡g iex›`ªbv‡_i c~e© †_‡K cwiPq wQj| Zuviv Kwe‡K e³…Zv †`Iqvi Rb¨ †mLv‡b Avgš¿Y Rvbvb| GKRb gbxlx I `vk©wbK wn‡m‡e iex›`ªbv_ †mLv‡b e³…Zv †`b| e³…Zv¸wj msKwjZ nq ÔSadhanaÕ MÖ‡š’ (1913)| Av‡gwiKv †_‡K Kwe Avevi Bsj¨vÛ hvb Ges †mLv‡b AviI wKQy fvlY †`b Ges 1913 mv‡ji A‡±ve‡i †`‡k wd‡i Av‡mb| †mB eQiB b‡f¤^i gv‡m MxZvÄwji Rb¨ Kwe‡K c„w_exi †kÖô mvwnZ¨ m¤§vb †bv‡ej cyi¯‹v‡i f~wlZ Kiv nq| †bv‡ej cyi¯‹vi cÖvwßi ci mviv c„w_ex‡Z wZwb we`» cwÐZ I mvwnwZ¨K iƒ‡c cwiwPwZ jvf K‡ib| MxZvÄwji (Songs offerings) Bs‡iwR fvl¨ BwÛqv †mvmvBwU, jÛb KZ©„K cÖKvwkZ nq 1912 mv‡j Ges eBwU DBwjqvg †iv‡Ub÷vBb (William Rothenstein)-†K DrmM© Kiv nq| GB MÖ‡š’ 103wU KweZv AšÍf©y³ wQj, hvi g‡a¨ 53wU KweZv MxZvÄwji Bs‡iwR Abyev` †_‡K M„nxZ| Ab¨ KweZv¸wj wewfbœ Kve¨MÖš’ †_‡K M„nxZ nq| †hgb 16wU MxwZgvj¨ †_‡K, 16wU ˆb‡e`¨ †_‡K, 11wU †Lqv †_‡K, 3wU wkï †_‡K Ges Kíbv, ¯§iY, MxZvwj I DrmM© Kve¨ †_‡K GKwU K‡i| APjvqZb bvUK †_‡KI GKwU KweZv M„nxZ nq| ejv evûj¨, KweZv¸wji Bs‡iwR fvm©b Kwe¸iæi ¯^qs iwPZ, hv MÖš’e× nq Kve¨ msKjb (Anthology of Poems) wn‡m‡e Ges GB KweZv¸wji iPbvi mgqKvj cÖvq 10 eQi| g~jZ jÛ‡bi g¨vKwgjvb (Macmillan) cÖKvkbv ms¯’v Zuvi AwaKvsk Bs‡iwR fvk©vb MÖ‡š’i cÖKvkK| 1912 mv‡ji w`‡K `vk©wbK mye³v eª‡R›`ªbv_ kxj GKwU m‡¤§jb Dcj‡ÿ jÛ‡b wQ‡jb| iex›`ªbv‡_i cÖwZ †mLvbKvi we`» gn‡ji AvMÖn †`‡L wZwb Kwe‡K Bsj¨v‡Û hvIqvi Aby‡iva K‡ib| G cÖm‡½ Av‡MB D‡jøL K‡iwQ| eª‡R›`ªbv‡_i Aby‡ivaµ‡g iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi 1912 mv‡ji Ryb gv‡m Bsj¨v‡Û †cuŠQb, m‡½ wQ‡jb cyÎea~ cÖwZgv †`ex| wkíx †iv‡Ub÷vB‡bi m‡½ Kwei Av‡MB A_©vr 1911 mv‡j KjKvZvq cwiPq n‡qwQj| iex›`ªbv_ Zuvi nv‡Z Zz‡j †`b ¯^K…Z KweZvi Abyev`¸wj| †iv‡Ub÷vB‡bi M„‡nB iex›`ªbv‡_i m‡½ cwiPq nq Bsj¨v‡Ûi K‡qKRb wewkó Kwe-mvwnwZ¨‡Ki| Zuv‡`i g‡a¨ D‡jøL‡hvM¨ `yÕR‡bi GKRb Bs‡iR Kwe WweøD we B‡qU&m| wZwb ¯^cÖ‡Yvw`Z n‡q Bs‡iwR MxZvÄwji f~wgKv wj‡L cvðv‡Z¨ iex›`ªbv‡_i L¨vwZi c_ cÖk¯Í K‡ib Ges Ab¨Rb wm Gd GÛyªR, cieZ©xKv‡j whwb iex›`ªbv_ I MvÜxRxi Ab¨Zg f³ n‡q I‡Vb Ges `xbeÜz GÛyªR bv‡g weL¨vZ nb| Dcw¯’Z Kwe-mvwnwZ¨K‡`i mvg‡b Kwe B‡qU&m iex›`ªbv‡_i MxZvÄwji KweZv c‡o †kvbvb| Zvici Bsj¨v‡Ûi BwÛqv †mvmvBwU †_‡K B‡qU&mGi PgrKvi f~wgKvmn MxZvÄwj cÖKvwkZ nq| Hmgq iex›`ªbv‡_i wPÎv½`v, gvwjbx, WvKNi bvU‡KiI Bs‡iwR Abyev` nq| Gi d‡j mgMÖ BD‡ivc Zuv‡K †kÖô Kwe e‡j MÖnY K‡i| 1920 mv‡j Kwe Avevi Bsj¨v‡Û Ges †mLvb †_‡K d«vÝ, nj¨vÛ, †ejwRqvg n‡q Av‡gwiKv hvb| bvbv ¯’v‡b e³…Zvq wZwb Zuvi wek¦fviZxi wkÿv c×wZi K_v Rvbv‡Z †P‡q‡Qb| Av‡gwiKv †_‡K Kwe Rvg©vwb, myBRvij¨vÛ, †WbgvK© I myB‡Wb hvb| BD‡iv‡ci me©ÎB wZwb ivRKxq m¤§vb cvb| Zuvi G c‡e©i e³…Zvi msKjb Creative
Unity (1922 wLª.)| G‡Z aŸwbZ n‡q‡Q wek¦‡eva I gvbe H‡K¨i evYx| 1925 mv‡j fviZxq `k©b m‡¤§j‡bi mfvcwZ wn‡m‡e ÔevDj‡`i gvbeag©Õ e¨vL¨v K‡i Rvcv‡b †h e³…Zv †`b Zvi wk‡ivbvg wQjÑ The Philosophy of the People| 1929 mv‡j iex›`ªbv_ KvbvWv åg‡Y hvb| GLv‡b cÖ`Ë Zuvi weL¨vZ e³…Zvi bvg ÔAemiZË¡Õ (The Philosophy of Leisure)| 1930 mv‡j iex›`ªbv_ A·‡dvW© †_‡K wnevU© e³…Zv cÖ`v‡bi Avgš¿Y cvb| we‡k¦i L¨vZbvgv `vk©wbKivB †Kej GLv‡b e³…Zv †`Iqvi my‡hvM †c‡q _v‡Kb| †m eQi 19 †g A·‡dvW© g¨vb‡P÷vi K‡j‡R Zuvi wnevU© e³…Zv AbywôZ nq| e³…Zvi bvg ÔThe Religion of ManÕ| Gi d‡j Kwe iex›`ªbv_‡K we‡k¦i cÖ_g †kÖwYi `vk©wbK‡`i mgch©v‡q ¯’vb †`Iqv nq Ges we‡k¦i we`» mgv‡R Zuvi bvg Qwo‡q c‡o| iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi Bs‡iwR I ms¯‹…Z fvlvq evsjv fvlvi gZ `ÿ I cvi`k©x wQ‡jb| Bs‡iwR fvlvq wjwLZ Zuvi †gŠwjK I Abyev` iPbvw` GKÎ wgwjZ Ki‡j 4000 c„ôv AwZµg Ki‡e| wewkó iex›`ª we‡klÁ I M‡elK cÖqvZ wkwkiKzgvi `vm KjKvZv mvwnZ¨ GKv‡Wwgi ZË¡veav‡b iex›`ªbv‡_i Bs‡iwR iPbvejx‡K wZbwU e„nr L‡Ð msKjb K‡i cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb (m~Î: iex›`ªmgMÖ, 19 LÐ, cvVK mgv‡ek, XvKv †_‡K cÖKvwkZ)| cvVK mgv‡ek, XvKv iex›`ªmgMÖ 19, 20 I 21 Zg L‡Ð iex›`ªbv‡_i Bs‡iwR iPbvejx Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb| wZwb Oxford wek¦we`¨vjq †_‡K wnevU© e³v nb 1930 wLª÷v‡ã Ges wW wjU Dcvwa cÖvß nb 1940 wLª÷v‡ã| fviZe‡l©i eû wek¦we`¨vjq †_‡KI wZwb wW wjU Dcvwa jvf K‡ib| wZwb KjKvZv wek¦we`¨vjq †_‡K wW wjU Dcvwa (1913 wLª.) QvovI RMËvwiYx ¯^Y©c`K jvf K‡ib 1921 wLª÷v‡ã, Kgjv e³v nb 1933 wLª÷v‡ã Ges ivgZby jvwnox Aa¨vcK nb 1932-34 wLª÷v‡ã| wZwb AÜ« wek¦we`¨vj‡qi K…ò¯^vgx e³v nb 1933 wLª÷v‡ã| cÖvPxbKv‡ji Fwl AvkÖ‡gi Av`‡j iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi kvwšÍwb‡KZ‡b eªþPh©vkÖg cÖwZôv K‡ib 1901 wLª÷v‡ã| 1921 mv‡j GwU kvwšÍwb‡KZb wek¦fviZx iƒ‡c cÖwZôv cvq| GLv‡b eû L¨vZbvgv cwÐZ e¨w³ wkÿK wn‡m‡e wbhy³ wQ‡jb| G‡`i g‡a¨ me©v‡cÿv D‡jøL‡hvM¨ n‡jbÑ eªþevÜe Dcva¨vq, wÿwZ‡gvnb †mb, nwiPiY e‡›`¨vcva¨vq, weay‡kLi kv¯¿x cÖgyL| cjøxMÖv‡gi Av`k© g‡Wj wn‡m‡e wZwb kvwšÍwb‡KZ‡bi A`~‡i 1922 mv‡j kÖxwb‡KZ‡bi cÖwZôv K‡ib| kÖxwb‡KZb I cjøx msMV‡b cïcvjb, ZuvZwkí, KzwUiwkí, Pvlvev` cÖf„wZ wQj D‡jøL‡hvM¨ Kg©KvÐ| cÖm½Z D‡jøL¨, wZwb †bv‡ej cyi¯‹v‡ii D‡jøL‡hvM¨ cwigvY A_© evsjv‡`‡ki cwZm‡i K…wle¨vsK cÖwZôv I Ab¨vb¨ RbwnZKi Kv‡R e¨q K‡ib| kÖxwb‡KZ‡bi Dbœq‡b Gjgnv÷© I Zuvi ¯¿x Wiw_i wecyj A_© mvnvh¨ we‡klfv‡e ¯§iYxq| wek¦Kwe iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi cÖvq mgMÖ c„w_ex cwiågY K‡i‡Qb| GB ågYKvj cÖvq 20 eQi e¨vcxÑ 1912 †_‡K 1931 mvj ch©šÍ| mgMÖ BD‡ivc, Av‡gwiKv hy³iv‡óªi K‡qKwU †÷U, KvbvWvi wKQy Ask, `wÿY Av‡gwiKvi Av‡R©w›Ubv, Rvcvb, wPb, ivwkqv, B‡›`v‡bwkqv (Rvfv) Bivb I BivK| G‡`i g‡a¨ K‡qKwU †`k wZwb GKvwaKevi ågY K‡ib, †hgb Bsj¨vÛ, Rvcvb cÖf„wZ| Gme åg‡Yi d‡j eû wek¦L¨vZ cwЇZi m‡½ Zuvi mvÿvr I NwbôZv N‡U| †hgb, d«v‡Ýi `vk©wbK †ivg¨uv †ivju¨v, Rvg©v‡bi RMwØL¨vZ weÁvbx AvBb÷vBb, Av‡R©w›Ubvi we`ylx Kwe wf‡±vwiqv IKv‡¤úv (Bwb Kwe¸iæi we‡kl f³ wQ‡jb Ges Av‡R©w›Ubvq wM‡q Kwe¸iæ Amy¯’ n‡q co‡j wZwb ¯^n‡¯Í †mev-hZœ K‡i Zuv‡K my¯’ K‡i †Zv‡jb), Rvcv‡bi wPÎwkíx IKvKziv, DBwjqg wcqvimb cÖgyL| Kv‡RB GK_v wbtm‡›`‡n ejv hvq, iex›`ªbv‡_i Kve¨-mvwnZ¨, `k©b, ag© I weÁvbwelqK iPbvw` Zuvi RxeÏkv‡ZB mgMÖ c„w_ex‡Z e¨vwß jvf K‡i| W. KvbvBjvj ivq wkÿvwe`, cÖvewÜK
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24
†g 2018
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27
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†g 2018
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Ñ bv bv bv| cixÿv| Ñ cixÿv Zv‡Z Kx? AZx‡Z eo eo cyiæ‡liv ev”Pv eq‡m we‡q K‡iwQ‡jb| ZvivI wKš‘ cixÿv bv w`‡q _v‡Kbwb| we-ev-n| cÖ‡Z¨‡KB Zvi we‡qi m¤^‡Ü K_v ej‡Q Ges cÖ‡Z¨‡KB Zvi w`‡K GKB `„wó‡Z ZvKv‡Q| emšÍ, bZzb ei, hvi we‡q B‡Zvg‡a¨ P~ovšÍ ch©v‡q †cuŠ‡Q‡Q| GLb mevB w`byi cvjvi K_v †f‡e A‡cÿvq Av‡Q| weevn‡hvM¨v ZiæYx †g‡q‡`i D‡jøL‡hvM¨msL¨K wcZvgvZv‡K †m AvK…ó K‡i‡Q| †m hLb AwZw_-Af¨vMZ‡`i mvg‡b w`‡q `„p c`‡ÿ‡c nuvUvnuvwU K‡i‡Q, Zviv B‡Zvg‡a¨B ivRwmK evs‡jvi w`‡K `„wócvZ K‡i‡Qb, Zvi evevi wj MvwowUi w`‡K we¯§q wb‡q ZvwK‡q‡Qb| mwZ¨Uv nj, w`by n‡”Q ZiæY e‡qmx K‡jRQvÎ, mvg‡bB Zvi we G cixÿv| w`byi evevi mvg‡b nvZ‡Rvo K‡i A‡b‡KB †gjv‡qg Avi b¤ª ¯^‡i wR‡M¨m K‡i‡Qb, KLb †g‡qi Qwe cvVv‡eb, KLb †mB gv‡n›`ªÿY Avm‡e †g‡qi m‡½ mvÿv‡Zi e¨e¯’v Kivi? cÖ‡Z¨K‡KB g‡b nj Zvi we‡q m¤^‡Ü K_v ej‡Z D`&MÖxe| ei emšÍ m¤^‡Ü †KD †Kvb K_v ej‡Q bv| emšÍ GLb we‡qi c¨v‡Û‡j e‡m Av‡Q| w`by wKš‘ eQi `y‡q‡Ki Av‡M wb‡Ri we‡qi K_v fve‡Z cvi‡Q bv| †g‡q‡`i cÖwZ w`byiI wKš‘ AvKl©Y Av‡Q| me my¯’ m¦vfvweK ZiæY mnRvZfv‡eB GUv Abyfe K‡i| †m wKš‘ wbwðZfv‡e KL‡bvB we‡qi K_v fv‡ewb| MZ wZb w`‡b wKš‘ Zvi fvebvi cwie©Zb n‡q‡Q| †m †`Lj cwi‡ekUv Ab¨iKg, mK‡ji `„wó Zvi cÖwZ wbe×| hv N‡U P‡j‡Q †m-w`‡K ZviI `„wó Av‡Q| hw` inm¨RbK wKQz GKUv N‡U Z‡e Zvi `„wó wbe× n‡e GKUv wbw`©ó w`‡K| KL‡bv N‡Uwb Ggb wKQz NUbv NU‡Z †m †`Lj| evB‡i mvbvBev`K mvbvB‡Z K¬vwmK¨vj wgDwRK evRv‡”Q| my‡ii gv‡S †gvngqZv weivR Ki‡Q| fvM¨ fvj mvbvB‡Z †m wm‡bgvi Mv‡bi nvjKv myi †Zv‡jwb| mwZ¨ mwZ¨ GKUv weL¨vZ K¬¨vwmK¨vj myi‡KB †e‡Q wb‡q‡Q mvbvBev`K| w`by Zvi wb‡Ri iæ‡g ï‡q mvbvBev`‡Ki †PnvivUv fveevi †Póv Kij| msMxZ I Av‡eMvbyf~wZi GK B›`ªRvj m„wó K‡i‡Q mvbvBev`K| w`by mvbvB‡qi myig~Q©bvq Z›`ªv”Qbœ n‡q coj| wZb wZbUv w`b KZ bv nvwm Avb‡›` †K‡U †Mj! GB wZb w`‡b mvbvB‡qi myiaŸwb‡Z †gvnbxq B›`ªRv‡ji m„wó Kij| a~cay‡bvi myiwf, cweÎ †nvgvwMœ, KjvMv‡Qi mvwi, Av‡gi cÎcjøe, ivwkivwk dzj, my›`i my›`i †cvkvK-cwi”Q`, AvKl©Yxq MqbvcvwZ, Avb‡›`v”Q¡j gyLgÐj, g~j¨evb Kv‡c©Umg~n Avi g‡š¿i cweÎ aŸwbi †gje܇b GK Ac~e© Abyl‡½i m„wó nj| AwZw_-Af¨vMZ‡`i Avmv-hvIqv †j‡MB iBj| mevi gyL Lywk‡Z Sjgj| MZ K‡qKw`b Zv‡`i evwo nvwm Avb‡›` D”Qj wQj| evwo ïay BU-cv_‡ii Ro RM‡Zi Ask wQj bv, wQj †hb we‡qi mv‡R mw¾Z GKUv gw›`i| bZzb Avkv AvKv•ÿvi cÖùyUb N‡UwQj evwo‡Z| I mgq evwoUv‡Z G ai‡bi H›`ªRvwjK Abyl½ eZ©gvb wQj| emšÍ cUea©b Ges jxjv cvivbRv‡c GLv‡b †Kv_v †_‡K G‡mwQj? Zviv `yÕRb `~i †_‡K G‡m GLv‡b wgwjZ nj| Zviv ci¯úi ci¯úi‡K KL‡bv Av‡M GK cj‡Ki Rb¨I †`‡Lwb| `yÕgvm Av‡MI Zviv G‡K Ac‡ii bvg RvbZ bv| GLb Zviv wPiw`‡bi Rb¨ MvUQov euvaj| Zviv GLb ci¯ú‡ii nvwm Avb›`, `ytL †e`bvi wPi mv_x| Zviv gš¿ D”Pvi‡Yi m‡½ m‡½ mßc`x Abyôv‡bi gva¨‡g ˆeevwnK m~‡Î GKwÎZ nj| KZ we¯§qKi e¨vcvi! bvix cyiæ‡li nvmvnvwm‡Z †m GK Avb‡›`v”Qj cwi‡ek| w`by Dcjwä Kij mewKQzB| ei-K‡bi ¯œv‡bvrme PjwQj| emšÍ my`k©b hyeK, jxjv †mŠ›`h©kvwjbx †g‡q| be`¤úwZ‡K wN‡i g‡bvgy»Ki GB Abyôv‡bi †k‡l ei-K‡b c¨v‡Û‡j G‡j GK SjK Av‡jv Zv‡`i Dci ewl©Z nj| Zv‡`i gyLgÐjmn mviv kix‡ii Dci Av‡jvi evb WvKj| Zviv `yÕR‡b GKB cvÎ †_‡K ÿx‡i PzgyK w`j, Zvici ei K‡bi Kv‡b Kv‡b wdm wdm K‡i Zvi bZzb bvg ejj Ges ei Zvi AvswU w`‡q wewQ‡q ivLv Pv‡ji Dci †mB bZzb bvgUv wjLj| Zviv gš¿ cvV Ki‡Z
Zvi weQvbvi Ici ïaygvÎ kvwoUv c‡o †bB| Zvi †Pqv‡ii wcQ‡b GKUv bZzb kvwo Szj‡Q, †g‡Si ci GKUv cyi‡bv kvwo c‡o Av‡Q, †KD †d‡j †M‡Q| †mLv‡b †eªwmqvi, cvDWv‡ii †KŠUv, wPiæwb, Pz‡ji KuvUv, dz‡ji gvjv I Ab¨vb¨ wRwbmcÎ c‡o Av‡Q| Ki‡Z ci¯úi ci¯úi‡K dz‡ji gvjv civj, Zvici GK‡Î mvZ cv †nu‡U †Mj| evB‡i mvbvB‡q wgj‡bi myi aŸwbZ n‡Z jvMj| GK mg‡q bZzb K‡b‡K AvbyôvwbKfv‡e Zvi ¯^vgxi bvg D”PviY Ki‡Z ejv n‡j †m Zv Kij, Avi G‡Z Pvwiw`‡K nvwmi û‡jøvo DVj| A‡bKÿY a‡i nvmvnvwm Pj‡Z jvMj| †m-mgq w`by weQvbvq ï‡q G-me `„k¨‡K Zvi gvjmc‡U fvwm‡q †Zvjvevi †Póv KiwQj| †m Av‡avNyg Av‡av RvMi‡Yi gv‡S weQvbvq ï‡q mw¤§wjZ K‡Éi myiaŸwb ïb‡Z †cj| Zviv Zv‡K wR‡Ám Kij, Ôhyevcyiæl, Avcbvi we‡q Z‡e K‡e n‡”Q?Õ Kx e¨vcvi? w`by weQvbv †_‡K D‡V `uvwo‡q `iRvi w`‡K ZvKvj K‡qK †m‡KÛ, †`vi‡Mvovq †m nxiv‡K `uvwo‡q _vK‡Z †`L‡Z †cj| †m Zvi evevi eÜzi †g‡q| †mI we‡qi Abyôv‡b kwiK n‡q‡Q| nxiv hyeZx, AweevwnZ| †m Zvi iæ‡g _vKvKv‡j m¤¢eZ nxiv B‡”Q K‡iB Zvi `iRvq MZ `yÕw`b cÖvq cÖvqB G‡m nvwRi n‡qwQj| ÔAvcwb wK GK gyn~‡Z©i Rb¨ Gw`‡K D‡V Avm‡eb `qv K‡i?Õ †m w`by‡K ejj| ÔGLv‡b Avcwb wKQz †i‡L †M‡Qb?Õ ÔAvwg `ytwLZ| Avwg Acbvi †eW ÷¨v‡Û Avgvi kvwoUv †i‡L †MwQjvg| Avcwb wKQz g‡b Ki‡eb †f‡e Zv wb‡Z G‡mwQ|Õ w`byi g‡b Av‡jvi SjKvwb| †mvbvwj my‡Zvi cvoIqvjv GKUv `vgx kvwo Zvi weQvbvi Dci c‡o Av‡Q| cÖPzi LvIqv `vIqv Ges weivgnxb KvRK‡g©i Rb¨ w`by K¬všÍ n‡q Zvi weQvbvq ï‡q c‡owQj, ZLb evB‡i Mv‡bi Abyôvb ïiæ n‡q‡Q| wZbUv w`‡b eo aKj †M‡Q| MZiv‡Z †m K¬všÍ n‡q Zvi iæ‡g ï‡Z wM‡q †`‡L GB †g‡qwU Av‡iKUv †g‡qi m‡½ Zvi weQvbvq Nygv‡”Q| d‡j Zv‡K evB‡i †e‡Âi Dci ï‡q ivZ KvUv‡Z n‡q‡Q| fvM¨ fvj, iv‡Z †Zgb VvÐv wQj bv, Zvn‡j Zv‡K VvÐvq R‡g †h‡Z nZ| w`by kvwoUv nv‡Z wb‡q †g‡qwU‡K w`j| ÔAvgv‡K gvd Ki‡eb, `qv K‡i| Avwg GUv jÿ Kwiwb|Õ ÔIn, gvd Kivi cÖkœB Av‡m bv| AvgviB fzj n‡qwQj|Õ Zvi K‡É Abybq| ÔGZ †jvKR‡bi g‡a¨ GUv ¯^vfvweKÕ, w`by ejj| †g‡qwU †PvL Zz‡j Zvi w`‡K ZvKvj| w`byI Zvi Awb›`¨my›`i †`nejøixi w`‡K ZvKvj| Zvici Zvi †PvL †Mj weQvbvi w`‡K| iæ‡gi Pviw`‡K ZvwK‡q †`Lj †h, Zvi iægUv GLb Avi GKRb K‡j‡Ri Qv‡Îi iæ‡gi gZ †bB| iægUv †hb gwnjv‡`i †Wªwms iæ‡g iƒcvšÍwiZ n‡q‡Q| Zvi weQvbvi Ici ïaygvÎ kvwoUv c‡o †bB| Zvi †Pqv‡ii wcQ‡b GKUv bZzb kvwo Szj‡Q, †g‡Si ci GKUv cyi‡bv kvwo c‡o Av‡Q, †KD †d‡j †M‡Q| †mLv‡b †eªwmqvi, cvDWv‡ii †KŠUv, wPiæwb, Pz‡ji KuvUv, dz‡ji gvjv I Ab¨vb¨ wRwbmcÎ c‡o Av‡Q| †KZv`yi¯Í ZiæYx †g‡q‡`i hv hv cÖ‡qvRb, meB ILv‡b i‡q‡Q| Zvi iægUv †hb GKUv ¸`vg Ni| †KvbiKg AbygwZ ev m¤§wZ QvovB †g‡q‡`i `j Zvi iægUvi `Lj wb‡qwQj| w`by KL‡bvB gwnjv‡`i GZUv mvwbœ‡a¨ Av‡mwb| ILvbUv‡Z wK? Zvi †Uwe‡j gwnjv‡`i Pzj| Zvi gv_vUv weM‡o †Mj| †m iv‡Mi m‡½ †Uwe‡ji Kv‡Q wM‡q †m¸‡jv Zz‡j Avbj| ¯úk© K‡i eySj Pzj¸‡jv big| w`by eyS‡Z cvij, G¸‡jv wegjv †hvkxi PzjÑ Zvi gv_vi
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nxivB wK Zvi ¯¿x n‡e? wegjv wK n‡Z cv‡i? Zvi Rb¨ Zv‡`i GKRb‡K Zvi bvg cwieZ©b Ki‡Z n‡e| †m fvej, GLb Gme K_v †f‡e KvR †bB| w`by GLb LyeB D‡ËwRZ| †K Zvi Rxebmw½bx n‡e G wPšÍv Zvi g‡b ÿ‡Y ÿ‡Y †f‡m DV‡Q|
†mvbvwj Pzj| †m eihvÎx‡`i `‡j wQj| †m K‡jRMvj© n‡jI nxivi gZ mvnmx bq| †m †Kvb D‡Ïk¨ wb‡q Zvi mvg‡b nvwRi nqwb| †m my›`ix I b¤ª-f`ª, Zvi Pzj j¤^v big Ges †mvbvwj| Zvi evev w`byi evevi m‡½ hLb K_v ejwQ‡jb, Zuvi hy³K‡i webq cÖKvk cvw”Qj| w`by D‡ËwRZ n‡q DVj| evB‡ii w`‡K nvwmi û‡jøvo †kvbv †Mj| Zvi †PvL`yy‡Uv Av‡iKevi GKMv`v Uq‡jU cÖmvabxi Ici wbe× nj| cvDWv‡ii †KŠUv, bLcvwjk, wjcw÷K, wPiæbx BZ¨vw` †g‡S‡Z c‡o Av‡Q| †Pqv‡ii wcQ‡b GKUv fvR Kiv bZzb kvwo, e¨envi Kiv cyi‡bv GKUv kvwo †g‡S‡Z c‡o, Zvi jvj cvo| †m-mgq Avevi mvbvB †e‡R DVj, Avb‡›`i jnwi DVj| GLb c¨v‡Ûj k~b¨| †Pqvi I Kv‡c©U mwi‡q †djv n‡q‡Q| ïK‡bv cÎcjøe, dz‡ji cvcwo, wmMv‡i‡Ui Lvwj c¨v‡KU GLv‡b-†mLv‡b Qwo‡q-wQwU‡q Av‡Q| evwoi ev”Pv †Q‡j‡g‡qiv †mme wb‡q †Ljvq †g‡Z‡Q| c¨v‡ÛjUv GLbB Ly‡j †dj‡Z n‡e| nxiv Avi Zvi gv, †hvkx`¤úwZ I Zv‡`i †g‡q wegjv IBw`b mܨvi †Uªb a‡i evwo D‡Ïk¨ iIbv nj| nxivi gv GKv‡šÍ w`byi gv‡qi m‡½ K_v ejwQ‡jb| nxiv †m mgq w`by‡K LuyRwQj| wegjvi evevI w`byi evevi m‡½ nxivi gv‡qi gZ nvZ‡Rvo K‡i K_v ejwQ‡jb| wegjv Abygvb Kij Zvi evev w`byi evevi m‡½ GZ K_v †Kb ej‡Qb| w`by †mLv‡b nvwRi nj| ÔAvevi †`Lv n‡e evev, †Zvgiv Avgš¿Y Ki‡j Avgiv Avevi GLv‡b Avme, †Kgb?Õ wegjvi gv‡qi K_vi Rev‡e w`by Zv‡K bg¯‹vi K‡i ejj, Ô†h†Kvb mgq Avm‡eb| G‡j Avgiv ¯^vMZ Rvbve|Õ Ô†ek, †ek, evev, †Zvgiv Avgv‡`i Avevi Avmvi my‡hvM w`I|Õ wegjvi evev Zvi Pkgvi wfZi w`‡q A_©c~Y `„wó wb‡ÿc K‡i e‡j DV‡jb| Ômy‡hv‡Mi K_v Avevi wR‡Ám Ki‡Z nq bvwK|Õ w`byi mcÖwZf DËi| ÔAv”Qv, †Zvgvi evev e‡j‡Qb †Zvgvi wm×v‡šÍi Ici mewKQz wbf©i Ki‡e|Õ ivqevnv`yi D”PK‡É †n‡m ej‡jb| Ôfvj K_v, Avcbvi we‡q‡Z Avgv‡`i wbgš¿Y Ki‡eb bv?Õ nxiv wegjvi w`‡K ZvwK‡q w`by‡K wdmwdm K‡i ejj| ÔAvwg g‡b Kwi, wbgš¿YUv n‡”Q cvi¯úwiK m¤ú‡K©i e¨vcvi|Õ w`by cÖZz¨Ë‡i ejj| ÔIn& †nv|Õ nxiv kvšÍ¯^‡i ejj| nxiv †hb Av‡iv wKQz ej‡Z Pvw”Qj| w`by Zvi we‡qi ms‡KZ †cj Zv‡`i K_vevZ©vq| GLb c¨v‡ÛjUv m¤ú~Y© Ly‡j †djv n‡q‡Q| evwoUv †hb giæf~wg n‡q †M‡Q| GLb Zvi iægUv Avi †g‡q‡`i `L‡j †bB| Zv‡`i GKUv wRwbmI ILv‡b c‡o †bB| w`by Zvi †KvU I Uzwc weQvbvi Dci Quz‡o †d‡j †Pqv‡i e‡m coj| Zvi g‡bi g‡a¨ bvbv fvebvi D`q nj| nxiv Ges wegjv `yÕR‡bi g‡a¨ †m Kv‡K †e‡Q †b‡e| B”Qv Ki‡j †m wegjv‡K ¯¿x wn‡m‡e †c‡Z cv‡i| wKš‘ GLb †m we‡q Ki‡Z Pvq bv| GZ ZvovZvwo Kivi Kx Av‡Q? GLb Avwg wegjv wKsev nxiv KvD‡K we‡q KiwQ bv| w`by †Pqvi †_‡K D‡V weQvbvq emj| wKš‘ †m weQvbvq w¯’i n‡q em‡Z cvij bv| K‡qKw`b a‡i Zvi Av‡eM Abyf~wZ gv_vPvov w`‡q
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DV‡Q| Zvi Kíbvq dz‡ji gvjv, kvwo, Uq‡jU mvgMÖx BZ¨vw` †f‡m †f‡m Avm‡Q| GLb Avi Zvi iæ‡g I¸‡jv †bB| wegjvI GLv‡b †bB, nxivI †bB| Zvi iægUv k~b¨, †hb GKUv giæf~wg| †m GLb m¤ú~Y© GKv| Zvi g‡bi c`v©q †f‡m DVj wegjvi kvšÍ gyL”Qwe| †Pv‡L fvm‡Q nxivi A¯^vfvweK Pvnwb| Zvi g‡b co‡Q jvj‡c‡o njy` kvwoi K_v, g‡b co‡Q Zvi †g‡Sq c‡o _vKv †g‡q‡`i wRwbm¸‡jvi K_v| Zvi gvbmc‡U †f‡m DV‡Q KZwKQz iOabyi i‡O ivwO‡q| †Kvb& †m †g‡q Zv‡K cvevi Rb¨ fRbv K‡i‡Q? Kvi bvg †m Zvi AvswU‡Z wj‡L ivL‡e| †K Zvi Mjvq dz‡ji gvjv civ‡e? †K Zvi nvZ ai‡e we‡qi Avm‡i K‡b wn‡m‡e? nxiv hw` Zvi ¯¿x wn‡m‡e GwM‡q bv Av‡m Z‡e †Kv_vq, Kvi Mjvq †m gvjv civ‡e? w`byi g‡bi gv‡S D_vwjcv_vwj ïiæ nj| cwi‡k‡l, nxivB wK Zvi ¯¿x n‡e? wegjv wK n‡Z cv‡i? Zvi Rb¨ Zv‡`i GKRb‡K Zvi bvg cwieZ©b Ki‡Z n‡e| †m fvej, GLb Gme K_v †f‡e KvR †bB| w`by GLb LyeB D‡ËwRZ| †K Zvi Rxebmw½bx n‡e G wPšÍv Zvi g‡b ÿ‡Y ÿ‡Y †f‡m DV‡Q| †m †hb GK inm¨gq Avi we¯§qKi RM‡Zi gv‡S Ae¯’vb Ki‡Q| Zvi gbUv GKUv †g‡q‡K wN‡i AvewZ©Z n‡Z _vKj, †h †g‡q Zvi Rxebmw½bx n‡e| †m fvej, Zvi g‡bi gvbylwU‡K wN‡i GLbI inm¨ Avi AwbðqZv| †m †kKm&wcqvi Avi ivmwK‡bi bvwqKv‡`i‡K †hb †`L‡Z cv‡”Q| Zvi †Pv‡Li mvg‡b Auvavi †hb †b‡g Avm‡Q| w`by Zvi iæg †_‡K †ewi‡q M¨v‡i‡Ri †`Iqv‡j †Vum †`Iqv evBmvB‡K‡j P‡o emj| †m b`xi †mZz †cwi‡q wi‡R›U ¯‹¨qvi I IqvBGgwmG †nv‡÷‡ji Kv‡Q †cuŠQj| wmwU Mv‡W©‡bi MvQ¸‡jvi Ici Puv‡`i Av‡jv c‡o‡Q| MvQ¸‡jv †hb cvewjK wgwUs‡qi †kÖvZv wn‡m‡e Vuvq `uvwo‡q Av‡Q| jÕK‡jR wewìs Ges wm wc K¬ve Qvwo‡q †m GwM‡q hv‡”Q| †deªæqvwi gv‡mi MigUv GLv‡b †j‡M Av‡Q| bMixi evB‡i kx‡Zi fveUv GL‡bv Kv‡Uwb| cvnvo Avi gv‡VNv‡U GLbI VvÐv w_Kw_K Ki‡Q| Puv‡`i Av‡jv †mLv‡b VvÐvi gv‡S c‡o Av‡Q| w`by wKš‘ GLb wb‡Ri gv‡S †bB| Zvi wkivi gv‡S GKUv Mig nvIqv e‡q hv‡”Q| i‡³i GKUv DËvj cÖevn Zvi gv_vq wfZi w`‡q e‡q hv‡”Q| †m ZLbI Zvi evBmvB‡Kj Pvwj‡q hv‡”Q, Qvqv c‡o‡Q iv¯Ívi Dc‡i| g‡b nj w`by †Nv‡ii †fZi †_‡K gyw³ cv‡e bv †h ch©šÍ bv †m inm¨gqZvi mgvavb Lyu‡R cvq| Zvi g‡bi cÖ‡nwjKv Zv‡K cvMj K‡i wdi‡Z _vKj| Abyev` g‡bvwÁKzgvi `vm
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iwng-Rvnvbviv MvRx `¤úwZi hvwcZ Rxe‡bi A‡bKUvB GLb b`xi †Rvqvi-fvUvi m‡½ m¤úwK©Z| †mB m¤úK© `ywðšÍvi| †Rvqv‡ii cvwb evo‡j `ywðšÍvI ev‡o| el©vKv‡ji c~wY©gvq b`xi †Rvqvi ¯^vfvweK †Rvqv‡ii †P‡q Av‡iv eo n‡j `ywðšÍvI K‡qK ¸Y †e‡o hvq| w`‡bi †Rvqv‡ii †P‡q iv‡Zi †Rvqv‡ii fq †ewk| †Rvqv‡ii cvwb‡Z DVvb, †LZ Wz‡e hvq| ivZ †R‡M †Rvqv‡ii evowZ-KgwZi wnmve K‡i iwng-Rvnvbviv MvRx| DVvb †_‡K †Rvqv‡ii cvwb bvg‡Z ïiæ Ki‡j Z‡eB wbwðšÍ nq| iwng MvRx‡`i Rxe‡bi GB cwieZ©b Lye †ewk w`b Av‡Mi bq| GKmgq iwng MvRx‡`i Ae¯’v fvj wQj| †MvjcvZvi QvDwb Avi gvwUi †`qv‡ji emZ Ni, ivbœvNi, †MvqvjNi, cyKzi, weNv `‡kK avwb RwgÑ GB me wgwj‡q ¯^”QjZvq w`b KvUZ| GK dmjx Rwgi avb w`‡qB mviv eQ‡ii hveZxq LiP P‡j †hZ| Gi evB‡i †ckv ej‡Z my›`ie‡b gvQ, gay, KvV msMÖn Kiv| Z‡e †mUv †ckv bv e‡j ejv hvq †bkvB wQj| Ô†Kvb wKQzi Afve wQj bv ZLb| DËi †_‡K avb KvUvi gRyi AvmZ, Avgiv Zv‡`i ejZvg cievmx| †g 2018
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Avi GLb AvgivB avb KvU‡Z Dˇi hvBÕ, K_v¸‡jv ej‡Z ej‡Z D`vm n‡q hvq iwng MvRx| KviY GB iKg GK avb KvUvi †gŠmy‡g AvR †_‡K cÖvq AvU eQi Av‡M ˆR¨ô gv‡m iwng MvRx Ges Zvi cvovi Zv‡je, wKiY, ¯^cb I Av‡iv K‡qKRb wg‡j Dˇii †Rjv dwi`cy‡i avb KvU‡Z wM‡qwQj| †mLv‡bB GK `ycy‡i †gvevBj †dv‡b evwo †_‡K Lei Av‡m N~wY©So AvBjvq me ZQbQ n‡q wM‡q‡Q| mevB †hb G¶zwb P‡j Av‡m| N~wY©So iwng MvRx‡`i Kv‡Q bZzb wKQz bq| 1988 mv‡ji eb¨vq †ewoeuva †f‡O Nievwo me †f‡O wM‡qwQj| b`x fvO‡b †ewoeuv‡ai evB‡i we‡N`y‡qK Rwg b`x‡Z wejxb n‡q hvq| Avevi bZzb K‡i me ïiæ Ki‡Z n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ Gev‡ii N~wY©S‡oi m‡½ Ab¨¸‡jvi Zzjbv P‡j bv| iwng MvRx evwo †`‡L wPb‡Z cv‡i bv| me¸‡jv Ni †f‡O c‡o‡Q| †Rvqv‡ii cvwb‡Z cyKzi, wej me GKvKvi| cÖwZ‡ekxiv mevB evwomsjMœ †ewo euv‡ai Dci Qvcov Ni ˆZwi K‡i emevm Ki‡Q| Zvi cwieviI bZzb GB emwZi Ask| iwng MvRx‡`i †ewo euv‡ai bZzb Rxe‡b KZ bZzb gvby‡li Avbv‡Mvbv| wewfbœ ms¯’vi gvbyl bv‡gi ZvwjKv ˆZwi K‡i| iwng MvRxi ga¨weË gvbwmKZvq bZzb GB cwiw¯’wZ gvwb‡q wb‡Z wKQzUv Kó nq| †Q‡j‡g‡q ¯¿x‡`iI GB bZzb cwi‡ek †_‡K Avovj K‡i ivLvi †Póv K‡i iwng MvRx| cÖwZ‡ekx‡`i m‡½ civgk© K‡i w`b Pjvi c_ Lyu‡R †ei Kivi †Póv K‡i| ÔKvKv Avq-†ivRMv‡ii †Kvb Dcvq nj| Gfv‡e †Zv †ewkw`b Pj‡e bv| avb KvUvi gRywi †h Kq gY avb G‡bwQjvg DËi †_‡K ZvI †Zv †k‡li w`‡K| mevB †Zv Îv‡Yi Rb¨ †Pqvig¨vb, †g¤^vi‡`i Kv‡Q hv‡”Q, Pj AvgivI hvB,Õ Zv‡je, wKiY‡`i GB cÖkœ, civg‡k©i †Kvb Reve w`‡Z cv‡i bv iwng MvRx| †Pqvig¨vb-†g¤^vi‡`i KvQ †_‡K iwng MvRx memgq GKUv `~iZ¡ eRvq †i‡L
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P‡j‡Q| K‡qKw`b BDwbqb cwil‡` wM‡qI †Zgb †Kvb myweav Ki‡Z cv‡iwb iwng MvRx| cÖwZ‡ekx‡`i mevB hLb wewfbœ ÎvY msMÖn Ki‡Q ZLb GB Kv‡R iwng MvRxi e¨_©Zvq ¯¿x Rvnvbviv †ek wei³| msmv‡ii hveZxq KvR †Zv Zv‡KB Ki‡Z nq| LvIqvi cvwb †_‡K R¡vjvwb mewKQz msMÖn KivI KwVb n‡q c‡o‡Q| mܨv‡ejv †ewo euv‡ai Dci †`vKvbN‡i Pv‡qi AvÇvq mvivw`‡bi Kg©Kv‡Ði wnmve Ly‡j e‡m cvov cÖwZ‡ekxiv| iwng MvRxI †mB AvÇvq wbqwgZ Ask †bq| GB Avm‡i Aek¨ Zvi wKQzUv K`i ev‡o| cyi‡bv w`‡bi K_v Zvi KvQ †_‡K mevB ïb‡Z Pvq| iwng MvRx e‡j, ÔAvgv‡`i c~e©cyiæliv GLv‡b G‡m‡Q Zv cÖvq †`o‡kv eQi n‡e| my›`ieb Avev` K‡i Rwg emZ‡hvM¨, Avev`‡hvM¨ K‡i‡Q| bZzb Rwg‡Z ZLb cÖPzi dmj nZ| ZLb †Zv †ewo euva wQj bv| avb †ivc‡Yi Rb¨ A¯’vqx euva †`Iqv nZ| Avgiv ejZvg Aógvmx, lôgvmx euva| cwj c‡o Rwg De©i nZ| gvby‡li g‡b Avb›` wQj| KZ †gjv nZ| Zvici †Zv 60 mv‡ji w`‡K †ewo euva nj| mevB ejZ Iqvc`v euva| iv¯ÍvNvU fvj nj| `yB dm‡ji PvlI nj A‡bK RvqMvq| Zvici †Zv GKUz GKUz K‡i me cvëv‡Z ïiæ Kij| Pvicv‡k †jvbv cvwb‡Z f‡i †Mj| wPswo Pvl ïiæ nj| avwb Rwg‡Z Avi avb Av‡Mi gZ nj bvÕ, GB ch©šÍ e‡j Avi ej‡Z cv‡i bv iwng MvRx| Mjv fvix n‡q Av‡m| iwn‡gi Amgvß K_v †kl K‡i Zvi cÖwZ‡ekx mbvZb gÐj, e‡j, Ô†mB †_‡K †Zv Avgv‡`i `y‡f©v‡Mi ïiæ| Avgiv Rwgavixiv Av‡¯Í Av‡¯Í wbt¯^ n‡q †Mjvg| †h euva †`Iqv nj Avgv‡`i i¶v Kivi Rb¨, †mB euvaUv Avgiv wVKgZ †`Lvïbv K‡i ivLjvg bv| euvaUv `ye©j n‡q †Mj| b`xI fivU n‡q hv‡”Q| b`xi eo †Rvqv‡ii cvwb‡Z †Zv GLb †ewo euva Wz‡e hvIqvi Ae¯’v|Õ †k‡li GB cwieZ©bUv Aek¨ hyeK‡`i Kv‡Q AcwiwPZ bq| mܨv‡ejvi GB Avmi †_‡K G‡K G‡K
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hLb †Q‡jwU Zvi †eŠw`‡K euvPvevi Rb¨ Qz‡U Gj, ZLb me †kl| ¯^vgxi wPZvq Zv‡K †Rvi K‡i cywo‡q gvij mgvR| kv‡¯¿i †`vnvB w`‡q exfrmfv‡e Avi GKwU bvix nZ¨v Kij| Xv‡Ki k‡ã, ay‡bvi †auvqvi g‡a¨ Kzms¯‹viv”Qbœ RbZvi ˆckvwPK Djøvm: ÔRq mZx AjKgwYi Rq|Õ... evevi i‡³ e‡bw` Rwg`vwii cÖZvc| `y‡ejv evwo‡Z weMÖ‡ni c~Rv †`b GB ˆeòe gvbylwU| wZwb †Q‡ji G ai‡bi K_v eyS‡Z Pvb bv| †Q‡jwU `ya©l© ZvwK©K| Z‡K© evev ev‡i ev‡i †n‡i hvb| ˆah©Pz¨wZ N‡U| GKw`b MR©b K‡i I‡Vb †Q‡jwUi Ici, Ô†ewi‡q hvI evwo †_‡K| weag©x, bvw¯ÍK, Kzjv½vi...Õ| †Q‡jwU †ewi‡q †Mj evwo †_‡K| Ny‡i †eov‡Z jvMj mviv fviZgq| †`‡L †eov‡Z jvMj gvby‡li bvbv Kzms¯‹vi| Kzms¯‹v‡ii exfrm iƒc| Kzjxb eªvþY GK-GKRb we‡q K‡i wZb-Pvi‡kv| gviv hvIqvi mgq †i‡L hvq AvU gv‡mi †g‡q †_‡K Avwk eQ‡ii eywo ch©šÍ K‡qK‡kv weaev| †Q‡jwU †`Lj ey‡ov ¯^vgxi wPZvq hyeZx ¯¿x‡K †Rvi K‡i gvivi `„k¨| mZx`vn| XvK‡Xvj evwR‡q a~c-ay‡bvi MÜ Qwo‡q ¯^v_©ci I †jvfx AvZ¥xq‡`i MjvdvUv wPrKvi: mZx, mZx, mZx... †¯^”Qvq mngi‡Y †M‡jb mZx|Õ.... †Q‡jwU Rv‡b, fviZel© wn›`yi †`k| wn›`y‡`i †KD kv³, †KD ˆeòe, †KD-ev Ab¨wKQz| Zv‡`i ci¯ú‡ii g‡a¨ Ø›Ø, we‡Øl I Zxeª N„Yv| Zvn‡j? G †Kgb wn›`y me? †Q‡jwU ïay fvi‡Z bq, fvi‡Zi evB‡iI Nyi‡Q| m‡Zi eQi eq‡m wZeŸ‡Z wM‡q †Zv AevK! a‡g©i bv‡g gvby‡li g~pZv| AÜ wek^v‡mi cÖwZ g¾vMZ AbyivM| †`‡L‡Q, `vjvB jvgvi cÖwZ mvaviY cÖRvi Ck^icÖwZg kÖ×v| wZwbB bvwK ¯^M©-gZ©¨-cvZv‡ji †`eZv| Zvi B‡”Qq P›`ª-m~h© I‡V, f‚wgK¤ú nq, gnvgvix Av‡m, Avi cvnv‡o nq Zzlvi-So| GB †Q‡jwU hyw³ZK© w`‡q †evSv‡Z †P‡qwQj †h, `vjvB jvgv †`eZv mvRv GKRb gvbylgvÎ| Zvi †ewk wKQz bq| Gi dj nj wecixZ| K‡qKRb µz× gvby‡li nvZ †_‡K †Kvbµ‡g iÿv †c‡q cÖv‡Y †eu‡P wd‡i Gj †Q‡jwU| †Q‡jwUi eqm hLb mvZvk eQi, Zvi evevi g„Zy¨ nq| evevi kÖv‡×i Rb¨ †m †`‡ki evwo‡Z wM‡q‡Q| wM‡qB AcÖ¯‘Z| †m †Zv bvw¯ÍK! Zvi ag©gZ wfbœ| wcZvi kÖv‡× Zvi bvwK AwaKvi †bB! mgv‡Ri gvbylR‡bi m‡½ Zvi gvI †mw`b Zv‡K Awfkvc w`‡q Zvwo‡q w`‡jb| †Q‡jwU wPiw`‡bi gZ evwo †Q‡o mK‡ji m‡½ m¤úK© wQbœ K‡i P‡j Gj| m‡½ iBj Zvi cig mZ¨-Ávb| iBj Kzms¯‹v‡ii cÖwZ N„Yv| Avi, RvwZ‡K Kzms¯‹vi †_‡K gy³ Kivi eRªKwVb msKí| Zvi `v`v AKv‡j gviv †M‡j Zv‡K Avevi GKevi evwo‡Z wd‡i Avm‡Z n‡qwQj, Zvi †eŠw`i Rb¨Ñ †eŠw` AjKgwYi Rb¨| †Q‡jwU Zv‡K AZ¨šÍ kÖ×v KiZ| gv‡qi gZ fvjevmZ| hLb †Q‡jwU Zvi †eŠw`‡K euvPvevi Rb¨ Qz‡U Gj, ZLb me †kl| ¯^vgxi wPZvq Zv‡K †Rvi K‡i cywo‡q gvij mgvR| kv‡¯¿i †`vnvB w`‡q exfrmfv‡e Avi GKwU bvix nZ¨v Kij| Xv‡Ki k‡ã, ay‡bvi †auvqvi g‡a¨ Kzms¯‹viv”Qbœ RbZvi ˆckvwPK Djøvm: ÔRq mZx AjKgwYi Rq|Õ... AZ¨šÍ gbKó wb‡q wPZvi cv‡k cv_‡ii g~wZ©i gZ `uvwo‡q iBj †Q‡jwU| `yÕ‡Pv‡L R‡ji aviv wb‡q cÖwZÁv Kij †m: ÔbvixnZ¨vi GB cÖ_v wPiw`‡bi gZ †jvc Kie|Õ GK bxie †R` †P‡c e‡m Zvi g‡b| GB †Q‡jwUi bvg ivg‡gvnb ivq| 1772 wLª÷v‡ãi 22 †g ûMwj †Rjvi ivavbMi MÖv‡g Zuvi Rb¥| Zvi wcZv ivq ivqvb ivgKvšÍ e‡›`¨vcva¨vq| gv ZvwiYx †`ex| ZiæY eq‡m wZwb KjKvZvq gnvR‡bi KvR Ki‡Zb| 1796
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†g 2018
mv‡j ivg‡gvnb A‡_©vcvR©b ïiæ K‡ib| 1803 †_‡K 1814 mvj ch©šÍ weªwUk B÷ BwÛqv †Kv¤úvwbi Kg©Pvix wQ‡jb| KjKvZvq cÖvqB Avm‡Zb Ges †Kv¤úvwbi bevMZ AmvgwiK Kg©Pvix‡`i m‡½ cwiwPZ n‡q Zuv‡`i bvbv wel‡q mvnvh¨ Ki‡Zb| GB my‡hv‡M fvj K‡i Bs‡iwR wk‡L †bb| †h-†Kvb Bs‡i‡Ri gZ Zvi ejv I †jLvi ÿgZv| Zvi GB ÿgZv I we‡kl ¸Y cieZ©xKv‡j Zvi bvbv Kv‡R mnvqK n‡qwQj| weªwUk B÷ BwÛqv †Kv¤úvwbi Kv‡R wmwfwjqvb Kg©Pvix‡`i g‡a¨ Rb wWMwei m‡½ Zuvi me©vwaK NwbôZv nq| †Kv¤úvwbi Kv‡R wWMwei Aax‡b wZwb Aaybv evsjv‡`‡ki iscy‡i KvR K‡ib 1803 †_‡K 1814 mvj ch©šÍ| GB mg‡qi g‡a¨ wZwb `yÕevi fyUvb mxgv‡šÍ hvb †Kv¤úvwbi n‡q| ˆ`eµ‡g wWMwei mvnP‡h© Zuvi wPšÍv-†PZbv GB mg‡qi g‡a¨B cwic°Zv jvf K‡i| 1815 wLª÷vã †_‡K ivg‡gvnb KjKvZvq ¯’vqxfv‡e emevm ïiæ K‡ib| g~jZ GLvb †_‡KB cÖKv‡k¨ Zuvi ms¯‹vi-cÖ‡Póvi KvR ïiæ| Zuvi cÖ_g cÖKvwkZ MÖš’ dviwm fvlvq †jLv (f~wgKvsk Aviwe‡Z) ZyndvZyj gynvnwnw`b| eBwU‡Z G‡Kk¦iev‡`i mg_©b Av‡Q| Gici G‡Kk¦iev` (eªªvþev`) cÖwZôv Kivi Rb¨ Zv evsjvq Abyev` K‡i cÖPvi Ki‡Z _v‡Kb| ivg‡gvn‡bi ag©gZ D`vi| Zvi g‡ZÑ GK Ck^i Qvov Avi wØZxq †bB| GB wb‡q Pviw`‡K ZK©-weZK©| ivg‡gvnb ey‡SwQ‡jb, †`‡k Bs‡iwR wkÿv `iKvi| bZzb Ávb-weÁv‡b BD‡ivc c„w_ex‡K c_ †`Lv‡”Q| ZvB Bs‡iwR wkÿvi mg_©‡b Zvi bvbv cÖ‡Póv| jW© Avgnv÷©‡K wjL‡jb my`xN© cÎ| mywcÖg †Kv‡U©i wPd Rvw÷m& m¨vi G‡WvqvW© nvBW& C‡÷i evwo‡Z Av‡jvPbv mfv emj| A‡b‡Ki Puv`vq M‡o DVj we`¨vjq gnvcvVkvjv, hvi AvR‡Ki bvg †cÖwm‡WwÝ K‡jR| Av‡iv Bs‡iwR ¯‹zj PvB| ZvB M‡o Zzj‡jb A¨vs‡jv wn›`y ¯‹zj| ¯‹Uj¨vÛ †_‡K Av‡jKRvÛvi Wvd& bv‡g GK wewkó wkÿveªZx‡K Avbv‡jb| M‡o DVj ¯‹wUk PvP© K‡jR| ivg‡gvnb mZx`vn cÖ_vi weiæ‡× kv¯¿xq hyw³ †`Lv‡ZB cÖKvk Ki‡jb `yLÐ mngiYwelqK cÖeZ©K I wbeZ©‡Ki m¤^v`| G mgq fvi‡Zi Mfb©i †Rbv‡ij jW© DBwjqvg †ew›U¼| wZwb wQ‡jb wKQzUv D`vicš’x| ivg‡gvn‡bi gZ wKQz ü`qevb †jv‡Ki K_vi g~j¨ w`‡jb| `my¨`gb, M½vmvM‡i mšÍvb wemR©b Ges mZx`vn cÖ_v AvBb K‡i eÜ K‡i w`‡q wZwb †`‡ki eo KvR Ki‡jb| 1829 wLª÷v‡ãi 4 wW‡m¤^i mZx`vn cÖ_v wbwl× K‡i AvBb cvk nj| ivg‡gvn‡bi msKí mdj nj| †Muvov ms¯‹viev`xiv ivg‡gv‡bi ÔeªvþmfvÕ-i cvëv cÖwZôvb Ôag©mfvÕ Av‡MB M‡o Zy‡jwQj| Zviv G AvBb cv‡ki weiæ‡× IB cÖwZôv‡bi cÿ †_‡K Av‡e`bcÎ cvVv‡Z PvBj we‡j‡Zi wcÖwfKvDw݇j| Puv`v Zz‡j m¨vi d«vwÝm †ewV‡K cvVvj wec‡ÿ jovi Rb¨| ivg‡gvnbI wM‡qwQ‡jb we‡j‡Z| mZx`vn we‡ji A‡jvPbvq wcÖwfKvDw݇j ivwk ivwk avivj hyw³ wb‡q `uvwo‡qwQ‡jb wZwb| ivg‡gvn‡bi Rq nj| mZx`vn cÖ_v wbwl× mve¨¯Í nj| fviZel© †_‡K wPiw`‡bi gZ mZx`vn cÖ_v jyß nj| 1830 wLª÷v‡ãi 19 b‡f¤^i wZwb KjKvZv †_‡K we‡jZ hvÎv K‡ib| w`wjøi ev`kvn wØZxq AvKei Zuv‡K ÔivRvÕ Dcvwa w`‡q fvi †`b we‡j‡Z wM‡q ivR`iev‡i ev`kv‡ni fvZv e„w×i mycvwik Kivi| 1831-Gi 8 GwcÖj ivg‡gvnb wjfvicy‡j †cuŠQ‡jb| 1832 wLª÷v‡ãi †k‡li w`‡K wKQyw`‡bi Rb¨ wZwb d«v‡ÝI wM‡qwQ‡jb| 1833 mv‡ji 27 †m‡Þ¤^i †gwbbRvBwU‡m AvµvšÍ n‡q ivRv ivg‡gvnb hy³iv‡R¨i weª÷‡ji Kv‡Q †÷cë‡b g„Zz¨eiY K‡ib| †÷cëb †MÖv‡f Zvi †klK…Z¨ mgvav nq| `k eQi c‡i wcÖq eÜz ØviKvbv_ VvKzi we‡j‡Z †M‡j ivg‡gv‡bi †`n mwi‡q ÔAvi‡bvm& †fjÕ bv‡g Ab¨ GK RvqMvq mgvwa¯’ K‡i Zvi Ici GK `„wób›`b gw›`i ˆZwi K‡i †`b| †mB ÔAvi‡bvm& †fjÕ †`Lvi †mŠfvM¨ Avgvi Rxe‡bi m½x n‡q iBj| GLb Avgiv Dcjwä Ki‡Z cvwi ivRv ivg‡gvnb ivq †mw`b wK AmvaviY KvRUvB bv K‡i wM‡qwQ‡jb| 22 †g ivRv ivg‡gvnb iv‡qi Rb¥w`‡b Zuvi cÖwZ web¤ª kÖ×v| gvmy` Kwig WKz‡g›Uvwi wdj¥‡gKvi, m¤úv`K, KjvevMvb evZ©v
ågY // 1
nvq`ªvev‡`i g°v gmwR` AwgZvf †Nvl
Lykxi C‡`i nvIqv eB‡Z ïiæ K‡i cweÎ igRvb gv‡mi cÖ_g w`b †_‡KB| ag©cÖvY gymwj‡giv KwVb K‡Vvi K…”Q« mva‡bi gva¨‡g wbôv mnKv‡i †ivhv cvjb K‡ib| Rxeb‡K mwVK I mrc‡_ cwiPvjbv Kivi Rb¨ AwZ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f‚wgKv †bq cÖvq GK gv‡mi GB K‡Vvi ag©xq Abykvmb| myMÜx dz‡ji MvQ hviB †nvK bv †Kb, myevm †_‡K †hgb ev` c‡ib bv †Kvb gvbyl, †ZgbB igRvb gv‡mi cweÎZvi Av‡jvK †_‡K ewÂZ nb bv †KDB, Zv wZwb †h a‡g©iB gvbyl nb bv †Kb| mg¯Í fviZevmx GB mgq RvwZ, ag© wbwe©‡k‡l Avmbœ C‡`i Avb‡›` †g‡Z I‡Vb| igRvb gv‡mi †kl j‡Mœ mK‡ji e¨¯ÍZv †hb Zz‡½ I‡V| cÖwZ eQiB wb‡Ri RvqMvq C‡`i AwfÁZv _vK‡jI GK eQi Avgvi †mŠfvM¨ n‡qwQj igRvb gv‡mi †kl mßv‡n nvq`ªvev‡` _vKevi| w`b `‡kK GLv‡b _vKevi myev‡` Avgvi cÖvq me `k©bxq ¯’vb †`Lv n‡q wM‡qwQj| †g 2018
37
igRvb gv‡mi Rb¨ iv¯Ív, †`vKvb, †i‡¯Íviuv mewKQz Av‡jv w`‡q mvRv‡bv| LvIqvi †`vKvb¸‡jv mevB `vwe Ki‡Q †h ZvivB me‡P‡q fv‡jv nvwjg ˆZwi K‡i, GQvovI GLvbKvi weL¨vZ wewiqvbx‡Zv Av‡QB| Gig‡a¨ AvgivI `yw`b `yB RvqMvq wewiqvbx †P‡L †`Lvi †jvf mvgjv‡Z cvijvg bv| Z‡e nvq`ªvev` ej‡ZB hvi K_v cÖ_g g‡b Av‡m Zv nj Pviwgbvi| GLv‡b Avmyb ev bv Avmyb, Pviwgbv‡ii bvg †kv‡bbwb ev Zvi Qwe †`‡Lbwb Ggb gvbyl Lye Kg| Avgv‡`iI Pviwgbvi wb‡q GKUz †ewk AvMÖn wQj| ZvB nv‡Z mgq wb‡q MvB‡Wi mvnv‡h¨ cy‡iv Pviwgbvi †`‡L wbjvg| iv¯Ív †_‡K nvB‡UK wmwUi †h Qwe Avgiv †`‡L _vwK Zv wb‡g‡l cv‡ë †Mj Pviwgbv‡ii Ic‡i DV‡ZB| Pviwgbvi †_‡K mgMÖ wmwUi GKUv my›`i Qwe Avgv‡`i †Pv‡Li mvg‡b P‡j Gj| nvB‡UK wmwUi †gvo‡Ki Avov‡j †h GKUv †nwi‡UR kni jywK‡q Av‡Q Zv eySjvg| mvg‡b ZvKv‡jB †`Lv hvq e¨¯Í Pviwgbvi †ivW †mvRv P‡j †M‡Q| GKUz `~‡i Wvbw`‡K HwZn¨evnx g°v gmwR`| GQvovI †`Lv hv‡”Q m`©vignj, wbRvwgqv †Rbv‡ij nmwcUvj| A‡bK `~‡ii †MvjKzÐv `y‡M©i AveQv QweI †Pv‡L aiv †`q| Wvbw`‡K P‡j †M‡Q jvW †ivW| †MvUv RvqMvUv MgMg Ki‡Q| igRvb gv‡mi †Kbv‡ePvi Rb¨ A‡bK A¯’vqx †`vKvb M‡o D‡V‡Q Pviwgbvi †iv‡Wi `yBav‡i| AvgivI wKQz †KbvKvUv †m‡i †djjvg| †`L‡Z †`L‡Z Avgiv †cŠu‡Q †Mjvg g°v gmwR‡`i mvg‡b| wbivcËvi †Niv‡Uv‡c †gvov‡bv nvq`ªvev‡`i GB e„nËg gmwR`| Pviwgbvi †_‡K nuvUv c‡_ gvÎ K‡qK wgwb‡Ui c_ GB gmwR`| KzZzekvnx ivRes‡ki cÂg ivRv gn¤§` KzwjKzZze kvn 1617 mv‡j GB gmwR‡`i wbg©vYKvR ïiæ Kivb| Rvbv hvq wZwb Bmjvg ag©vej¤^x‡`i AwZ cweί’vb g°v †_‡K Avbv gvwU w`‡q BU ˆZwi Kivb I †mB BU GB gmwR‡`i wLjvb wbg©v‡Y e¨envi K‡ib| m¤¢eZ GB Kvi‡YB GB gmwR`, g°v gmwR` bv‡g cwiPwZ jvf K‡i‡Q| 1617 mv‡j ïiæ Kiv gmwR‡`i wbg©vYKvR †kl nq 1694 mv‡j Ji½‡R‡ei Avg‡j| wbg©vYKv‡R hy³ wQ‡jb cÖvq AvU nvRvi kÖwgK| g~j cÖ‡ekØvi w`‡q cÖ‡ek K‡i cÖ_‡gB gy» n‡q †Mjvg g‡bvig GB ¯’vcZ¨ wkí †`‡L| mvg‡b GK wekvj PZ¡i| K‡qK‡kv cvqiv
38
†g 2018
†mLv‡b e‡m Av‡Q, Ny‡i †eov‡”Q wbf©‡q| Avgiv GKUz GwM‡q †h‡ZB †QvULvU GKUv So Zz‡j Giv Wvbv †g‡j AvKv‡k P‡j †Mj| `ywU Aó‡KvbvK…wZ ¯Í‡¤¢i Ici `uvwo‡q Av‡Q GB wekvj gmwR`| Avevi Avð‡h©i e¨vcvi nj gvÎ GKwU MÖvbvBU cv_i †K‡U GB `ywU wekvj ¯Í¤¢ ˆZwi Kiv nq| Qv`wU 15wU wLjvb Øviv wbwg©Z| gmwR‡`i wZbw`K cuvPwU K‡i wLjvb Øviv wbwg©Z| PZz_©w`‡K GKwU DuPz †`Iqvj wbg©vY Kiv Av‡Q †hUv †gniv‡ei Rb¨ e¨envi Kiv nq| GLvbKvi njNiwU 67 wgUvi j¤^v, 54 wgUvi PIov, D”PZv 23 wgUvi| fviZe‡l©i Ab¨Zg eo GB gmwR‡` GKmv‡_ `k nvRvi gvbyl cÖv_©bv Ki‡Z cv‡ib| cweÎ Kzi-Av‡bi evYx wLjv‡b I `iRvq †Lv`vB Kiv Av‡Q| Pvicv‡ki wgbvi¸wj fvjfv‡e †`L‡j G‡`i †mŠ›`h© I wekvjZv Abyfe Kiv hvq| gmwR‡` Lvwj cv‡q cÖ‡ek KivB cÖ_v| wmuwo †f‡O GK g‡bvig K…wÎg Rjvkq‡K gv‡S †i‡L `yB w`K w`‡q cÖ‡ek Kivi my›`i c_| Rjvk‡qi †dvqviv gmwR‡`i †mŠ›`h©‡K A‡bK ¸Y evwo‡q Zz‡j‡Q| Rjvk‡qi cv‡k GKwU Kv‡jv cv_‡ii ˆZwi emevi RvqMv Av‡Q| RbkÖæwZ `y‡kv eQi Av‡M Bivb †_‡K Avbv GB cv_‡ii Avm‡b GKevi em‡j cybivq g°v gmwR` `k©b bvwK wbwðZ! Gw`K Iw`K Nyi‡Z Nyi‡Z I Qwe †Zvjvi †bkvq †ek LvwbKUv mgq KvwU‡q w`jvg HwZn¨evnx GB gmwR` cÖv½‡Y|
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KLb hv‡eb
kxZKvj Ny‡i †eovevi Av`k© mgq n‡jI igRvb gv‡mi Av‡gR wb‡Z GB mgqI Avmv †h‡Z cv‡i|
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Avgiv Lvwj †Pv‡L cÖwZw`b hv †`wL, Zvi KZUzKz ¯§„wZ‡Z RvMiƒK _v‡K ev cÖwZw`b Avgiv hv kÖeY Kwi ZviB ev KZUzKz ¯§„wZ‡Z A¤øvb _v‡KÑ G wb‡q we‡iva we`¨gvb| †`Lv Avi †kvbv G `yÕ‡qi g‡a¨ ¯§„wZi gwY‡KvVvq Kvi K`i †ewk G wb‡q iex›`ªbv_I gZvgZ w`‡q‡Qb, hv AvR‡Ki welq Av‡jvPbvi m‡½ cÖvmw½K †Zv e‡UB, RiæwiI| iex›`ªbv_ `„k¨ I kÖe¨ RM‡Zi g‡a¨ GKUv‡K †Q‡o w`‡Z n‡j `„wóRMZ‡K Abvqv‡m †Q‡o †`‡eb e‡j gZvgZ w`‡qwQ‡jb| Avgv‡`i ¯§„wZi gwY‡KvVvq GKwU †PvL‡K AvkÖq K‡i Avi Ab¨wU Kv‡bi †fZi w`‡q gi‡g c‡k| wPiKvj me©Rb wØZxqwU‡KB mg_©b K‡i Avm‡Qb Ges e‡j‡Qb hv dzivq Zv ïay †Pv‡L| †`Lvi RMZ †ewk `~‡ii †kvbvi RMZ‡K RvwM‡q Zzj‡Z Aÿg| Avi †kvbvi RMZ A‡bK `~i AZx‡Zi †`Lvi RMZ‡KI RvwM‡q Zzj‡Z mÿg| †hgbÑ 1298-Gi 30 Avwk¦b †mw`‡bi wZwik-†c‡iv‡bv ZiæY iex›`ªbv_ Bw›`iv †`ex‡K GKwU wPwV‡Z GB iKg K_vevZ©v wj‡LwQ‡jbÑ Ôciïw`b Agwb †ev‡Ui Rvbvjvi Kv‡Q Pzc K‡i e‡m AvwQ, GKUv †R‡j wWwO‡Z GKRb gvwS Mvb MvB‡Z MvB‡Z P‡j †MjÑ Lye †h my¯^i Zv bq| nVvr g‡b c‡o †Mj, eûKvj nj †Q‡j‡ejvq †ev‡U K‡i cÙvq AvmwQjvg| †g 2018
39
GKw`b ivwËi cÖvq `y‡Uvi mgq Nyg †f‡O †h‡ZB †ev‡Ui RvbvjvUv Zz‡j a‡i gyL evwo‡q †`Ljyg wb¯Íi½ b`xi Dc‡i dzUdz‡U †Rvr¯œv n‡q‡Q, GKwU †QvU wWwO‡Z GKRb †QvKiv GKjv `uvo †e‡q P‡j‡Q, Ggwb wgwó Mjvq Mvb a‡i‡QÑ Mvb Zvi c~‡e© †Zgb wgwó KL‡bv ïwbwb| nVvr g‡b nj Avevi hw` RxebUv wVK †mBw`b †_‡K wd‡i cvB|Õ1 ¯§„wZ‡Z a‡i ivLv Mv‡bi wgóZv I ivZ`ycy‡ii `„k¨cU †f‡m DVj GKB `„k¨c‡U GK gvwSi Mvb ïb‡Z wM‡q| Gfv‡eB Avgv‡`i kÖe¨RM‡Zi aviKiv A‡bK Mvb a‡i †i‡L eû mva‡Ki m„wóKg©‡K euvwP‡q †i‡L‡Qb| GB M‡íi AeZviYvB AvR‡Ki Av‡jvP¨ welq| mvaK jvjb muvB (1774Ñ1890) wQ‡jb wbiÿi| ivavigY wbiÿi wQ‡jb bv wKš‘ wb‡Ri nv‡Z wZwb KL‡bv Mvb wj‡L‡Qb e‡j Rvbv hvq bv| Giv Df‡qB Mvb iPbv K‡i‡Qb ¯^fveKwei gZ, †mB m‡½ myiI w`‡q‡Qb AvZ¥Rv †_‡K| jvjb muvB m¤ú‡K© Abœ`vk¼i iv‡qi gšÍe¨Ñ ÔGB Kwe wbiÿi n‡Z cv‡ib, wKš‘ Gui wkÿv-`xÿv AmvaviY| `xN© kZel© a‡i Bwb Rxe‡bi wek¦we`¨vj‡q wkÿvjvf K‡i‡Qb| Avi `xÿvI †c‡q‡Qb wewfbœ fv‡ei| g~j‡¯ªvZwU Avgvi wek¦vm †eŠ× mnwRqv| Zvi `yB w`‡K gymwjg mydx I †MŠoxq ˆeòe aviv| jvj‡bi mvaK Rxe‡b I m„wó‡Z wZbwU cÖevn GKm‡½ KvR K‡i‡Q|Õ2 jvjbM‡elK Aveyj Avnmvb †PŠayixI GB mZ¨ gvb¨ K‡i †M‡Qb| Av‡iv A‡bK M‡elKB ¯^xKvi K‡i‡Qb jvjb wbiÿi wQ‡jb| Zvn‡j Zuvi Mvb Kxfv‡e Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q Gj, Avevi g„Zz¨i cÖvq 128 eQi ciI Kxfv‡e †eu‡P iBj? cÖ_gwUi Dˇi GK_vB ¯^xKvh© †h, GKgvÎ f³e„‡›`i kÖæwZ †_‡K ¯§„wZ‡Z aviY K‡i GB Mvb cÖvwß| wØZxqwUi Dˇi eje, jvj‡bi Mv‡bi evYx, fve I `k©b GL‡bv Avgv‡`i AvaywbK fvebvi †LvivK †RvMvqÑ †m Kvi‡YB jvjb Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q GKwU evDj `k©‡bi bvg| jvj‡bi Mv‡bi
40
†g 2018
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42
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welqwU AK© Rv‡b, Zvi‡PI †ewk Rv‡b EkÖx| Kx welq? Ggb GK welq †h †ek KÕw`b a‡i `yÕRbB Zv †b‡o‡P‡o †`L‡Q| GKwU cÖkœ wb‡q Ges Zvi m‡½ RwoZRov‡bv GKwU ¯^cœ wb‡q Zviv cÖvq wbqZB wb‡R‡`i gy‡LvgywL n‡”Q| Avjv`v Avjv`v| KLb wK‡m Kvi gwZ nq, †Kvb Ae¯’vq gvbyl Kvi Rb¨ jyä Z…ò I ¯ú„n n‡q hvq, KLb Kvi m‡½ gvbyl Rvbv m¤ú‡K© hwZ ewm‡q fveb`yiƒn m¤ú‡K© Rwo‡q covi Rb¨ ˆZwi n‡q I‡V, ÿz`ª gvbyl wb‡R‡Zv Rv‡bB bv, weavZvI fvjgZ Rv‡bb wKbv m‡›`n nq EkÖxi| A‡K©i G e¨vcv‡i †Kvb mskq †bB! †m Rv‡b †h G e¨vcv‡i weavZv wKQz Rv‡bb bv| Zvi aviYv, gvbyl‡K hw` wZwb evwb‡qI _v‡Kb, evwb‡q msmv‡i †Q‡o †`qvi ci Kx Zviv Ki‡Q bv Ki‡Q Ges Zuvi Kv‡QI KóKí Kx me wPšÍvcwPšÍv Zv‡`i gv_vi †Lv‡cLv‡c †Lj‡Q Avi †Ljvi Rb¨ wKjwewj‡q †eov‡”Q, Ck¦‡ii Kv‡Q Zvi †Kvb Lei †bB, wZwb gvby‡li Kv‡Q wbqZ †auvKv Lv‡”Qb| wbZ¨ bZzb †auvKv| iO‡ei‡Oi †auvKv| GB iKg GKUv w`‡b AK© GK we‡K‡j Awdm †_‡K wd‡i Ii AMÖewZ©bx mnKg©xi †`Iqv LvgwU Lyjj| LvgwU nv‡Z w`‡q EkÖx ejjÑ msmvi Kivi cwiKíbv GLbI hLb ev` `vIwb, GB QwewU †`L‡Z cvi| GLb †Lvjvi `iKvi †bB, evmvq wM‡q †`L| LvgUv †Lvjvi ci Kcv‡j wUc, K‡cv‡j mgiL‡›`i gZ mgvb `vgx wZ‡ji hv`y wb‡q †XD †Ljv‡bv Nb Pz‡ji EkÖx †hfv‡e gyw³ †cj, Zv‡Z Zvi me©mËv we¯§‡q I Avb‡›` wf‡R †Mj| Zvi üw`‡jv‡Ki mKjwKQz Awgq Avb‡›` Av`ª© ïay bq, ReR‡e n‡q †Mj mqjve n‡q †Mj| RM‡Zi me‡PÕ cwiZ…ß gvbylwUi †ev‡a Ii bLvMÖ †_‡K †KkvMÖ ch©šÍ mewKQz evbfvwm‡Z †f‡m †Mj| †g 2018
43
†lvj eQ‡ii wK‡kv‡ii gZ cvMjv‡gvq †g‡Z Kv¸‡R EkÖxi †Pv‡Li Luv‡R gyL, Mv‡ji †Uv‡j †VuvU I bv‡Ki WMvq bvK ivLj| Zvici Pz‡ji mgy‡`ª cy‡iv gyLUv KZÿ‡Yi Rb¨ `vwe‡q ivLj| g‡b g‡b ejjÑ Avgvi G AZ¨vPvi¸‡jv wKš‘ mB‡Z n‡e eywo| GLb‡Zv †Zvgvi g‡b n‡”Q me †Ljv‡Ljv, c‡i eyS‡e Avwg KZ wWgvwÛs| A‡bK iv‡Z †dvb evRj| AK© fvejÑ hw` EkÖxi nq, †gv÷ I‡qjKvg; hw` Ab¨ KviI nq, eo Amg‡q evRj| EkÖxiB †dvb| †mUUv ey‡Ki Ici †i‡L Nv‡oi bx‡P †m †gvUv `yÕ‡Uv evwjk Mwj‡q w`j| EkÖxi Lje‡j fveUv †Kv_vq †hb nvwi‡q †Mj| Ôn¨v‡jvÕ e‡j A‡bKÿY †m Pzc K‡i _vKj| AvR †hb †m Ab¨ EkÖx| `Ð`vZvi ivq †kvbvi k¼vq f‡q K¤úgvb GK wePwjZ EkÖx| AK© Zv‡K D×vi KijÑ : Qwe †`Ljvg| EkÖx Pzc : Avwg K…ZÁ| Avgvi Kíbv‡K Qvwo‡q †M‡Q †mB iƒceZx †g‡q| EkÖx Pzc| : gvbyl †h Ggb my›`i I w¯œ» n‡Z cv‡i Avwg KíbvqI AuvUv‡Z cvwi bv| EkÖx K_v e‡j bv| : kvwo †h †KD Ggb my›`i K‡i ci‡Z cv‡i, fvweIwb †Kvbw`b| EkÖxi wbtk¦v‡mi kã ïb‡Z cv‡”Q AK©, †Kvb K_v †m ej‡Q bv| bv ejyK K_v, †dvbUv bv Qvo‡jB nq, Avwg GwM‡q hvBÑ g‡b g‡b e‡j AK© G¸‡Z _v‡KÑ : Kcv‡j jvjwUc I‡K Kvg‡o a‡i‡Q| AK© Ggb auv‡Pi K_v EkÖxi m‡½ Av‡M KL‡bv e‡jwb| EkÖxi fvj jvM‡Q ïb‡Z| g‡b g‡b wgbwZ Ki‡Q †mÑ †_‡g †hb †h‡qv bv Zzwg| : GB †g‡qwU‡K Avwg wPwb| wPwb A‡bK w`b †_‡K Ges Zv‡K Rvwb Avwg Mfxifv‡e| ÔKZ MfxiÕ ejvi Rb¨ EkÖxi †VuvU cÖvq duvKB n‡q wM‡qwQj| iÿv, kã †e‡ivqwb| EkÖx‡K bZzb ¯^v‡`i K_v †kvbvevi Rb¨ AK© AviI †ÿ‡c I‡V| : †`Lvi ci †_‡KB †g‡qwU Avgvi fvebm½x| EkÖx †Ku‡c I‡V| : eûevi †g‡qwU‡K Avwg wb‡RB cÖ‡cvR Ki‡Z †P‡qwQ| EkÖx AviI Kuv‡c| : mvnm nqwb Avgvi| EkÖx †fOwP Kv‡U| : Avwg eûevi I‡K wPwV wj‡LwQ| EkÖxi wbtkã gšÍe¨ AK© ïb‡Z cvq bvÑ wg‡_¨, Wvnv wg‡_¨| : wKš‘ †cv÷ Kiv nqwb GKUvI| me Av‡Q †`ivRe›`x| EkÖx †hgbUv GZÿY ejwQj, g‡b g‡bB ejjÑ evovevwo, Lye evovevwo| : †f‡ewQjvg, hw` †Kvb w`b nq ¯^cœc~iY, ZvovZvov wPwV¸‡jv Ii †Kv‡j Qzu‡o w`‡q ejeÑ †`L †`ex Hk¦h©kvwjbx, †Zvgv‡K wb‡ew`Z cÎKve¨; †Zvgvi gvj‡Âi gvjvKv‡ii dz‡ji Wvjv| EkÖxi eyS‡Z evwK _v‡K bv, AK© fÐvwg ïiæ K‡i‡Q| Zey †m Zv‡K _vgv‡Z Pvq bv, †`L‡Z Pvq KZ`~‡i †m †h‡Z cv‡i| : wKš‘, Avgvi cÎKve¨ †Kvbw`b Avi †`Lv‡bvi my‡hvM n‡e bv e‡j GKw`b cywo‡q †d‡jwQ| EkÖxi ey‡Ki †fZiUv Quvr K‡i DVj nVvr| : bv cywo‡qB ev Kie Kx| hLb mvnm mÂq Kijvg, hv _vK Kcv‡j Zv‡K ejeB ejeÑ †MŠix Zzwg hv”Q †Kv_vq, nvZ Zz‡j `vI Avgvi nv‡Z; †`wL †m Avi †bB, we‡q n‡q †M‡Q Zvi| m‡½ m‡½ Sbvr K‡i DVj EkÖxÑ ev‡R K_v| AK©i ey‡Ki †fZi †_‡K †KD e‡j DVjÑ mv_©K gvbe Zzwg, mv_©K gvbe| eo `„pZvi m‡½ †m Reve w`jÑ : ev‡R K_v Avwg ewj bv| mZ¨ ejv Avgvi Af¨v‡m cwiYZ| †g‡qwU weevwnZ, `yÕeQi Av‡M Zvi we‡q n‡q‡Q| ZvB ïay bq, GLb
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†m Amy¯’| Avb‡›`i Amy¯’Zv Zvi, gvZ…‡Z¡i Amy¯’Zv| : mxgv Av‡Q dvRjv‡gvi| : †KD hv gy‡L Av‡m ej‡j KviI wKQz Kivi †bB| †Kv`vj‡K Avgvi †Kv`vj ej‡ZB n‡e| hv mZ¨ e‡j Rvwb, Zv Avwg eje| : mZ¨, bv KPz| : bZzb wKQz bq| hyw³ Lyu‡R bv †c‡j †KD †KD K_vi g‡a¨ KPz‡NPz XzwK‡q †`q| Zv‡Z g‡b Kivi wKQz †bB| : Avcwb cÖgvY w`‡Z cvi‡eb †h †g‡qUvi we‡q n‡q‡Q| EkÖx AK©‡K †LuvPv †`Iqvi mgq wµqviƒ‡c cwieZ©b wb‡q Av‡m| bvI `vI n‡q hvq †bb †`b| : Zv‡Zv e‡UB, cÖgvY‡Zv w`‡Z cvieB| cÖgvY Qvov Avwg K_v ewj bv| : Avwg cÖgvY PvB| Kx cÖgvY Avcwb †`‡eb †h Zvi we‡q n‡q‡Q| : †ewk wKQz bv| Zvi `iKviI †bB| Avwg Zvi nvRe¨v‡Ûi bvg wVKvbv I †Uwj‡dvb b¤^i †`e| evwK evÕi Kivi `vwqZ¡ Avcbvi wb‡Ri| Avwg wb‡RI wbZvg wKQzUv `vwqZ¡, wKš‘ GLb GKUzI †be bv| KviY, Avcwb Avgv‡K wek¦vm Ki‡Qb bv| m„wóKZ©v Zuvi `~Z gvidZ Rvwb‡q w`‡q‡QbÑ Awek¦vmx nB‡Z mveavb| EkÖx‡K Avevi gyL †fOPv‡Z nj Ges g‡b g‡b ej‡Z njÑ ag© AbyMZ cÖvY †hb KZ! f‡Ði nvwÇ! : wVK Av‡Q Kvj †hb Avwg bvg wVKvbv cvB| Ab¨mgq n‡j ejZÑ bB‡j Kv‡bi jwZ bvwg‡q †`e; wKš‘ ejv nj bv| j¾v †Kv‡Ì‡K D‡o G‡m Ii me©v½ Ry‡o emj| : †c‡q hv‡eb| Avwg K_vq cv°v| g‡b eo av°v wb‡q Nygy‡Z †Mj EkÖx| cy‡ivUvB AK©i dvRjv‡gv eyS‡Z cv‡”Q †m; Zey g‡bi †fZi Kx GKUv LUKv XzwK‡q w`j euv`iUv| Nyg Kv‡iviB nj bv †m iv‡Z| AK©i nj bv Avb‡›`, EkÖxi nj bv A‡mvqvw¯Í‡Z| AK©i Avb›`, EkÖx‡K A‡mvqvw¯Í‡Z ivLvi; EkÖxi A‡mvqvw¯Í, Zv‡K wb‡q A‡K©i iMoviMwoi| `yÕR‡bi Rb¨B ivZ `xN© nj| `xN© †mB ivZI GK mgq †kl nj| ciw`b wVKvbv †`Iqvi Rb¨ †Kvb †hvMv‡hvM †bB AK©i cÿ †_‡K| fveUv GB, Zvi `vqUv wK‡mi| †m †Zv me Rv‡bB; cÖgvYvcÖgvwY hvi cÖ‡qvRb, †`Lv hvK †m Kx K‡i| †m mܨvq EkÖx AK©i evmv‡ZB P‡j Gj| evmvq †m AcwiwPZ bq| †Q‡ji nwinivZ¥v eÜzi AMÖRv wn‡m‡e AK©i gv EkÖx‡K †P‡bb Ges `xN©w`b a‡i Rv‡bb| fvj Rv‡bb| fvjfv‡e Rv‡bb| AK©i mvg‡b `uvwo‡q EkÖx Zvi AmvaviY nvZwU evwo‡q w`j| AK©i we‡ePbvq c„w_exi me‡PÕ my›`i nvZ| Ii †Pv‡Li w`‡K bv ZvwK‡q EkÖx ejjÑ : †g‡qwUi ¯^vgxi bvg-wVKvbv †`Iqv †nvK| AK© eyRiæKe`gvk‡`i †jLv Zvwe‡Ri gZ KvM‡Ri †QvU GKwU `jv EkÖx‡K w`j| EkÖx eo ·¯Í fuv‡Ri ci fuvR Ly‡j bvg †cj, wVKvbv †cj, †dvb bv¤^vi †cj| †c‡q †m †PvL eyuRj| gvby‡li me©v½ †h Lywk‡Z Ggb nvm‡Z cv‡i, AK© †mB cÖ_g †`Lj| EkÖx †m KvM‡R wZbevi †VuvU †Quvqvj| Zvici AK©i †Pv‡Li mvg‡bB †mB KvM‡Ri wVKvbv nj, AK© †hgb g‡b K‡iÑ EkÖx‡`i me‡PÕ my›`i cÖZ¨‡½, †N‡gv myM‡Üi GK Mfxi wMwie‡Z©| †euvRv †Pv‡Li EkÖx AZtci UvbUvb n‡q `uvovj| `uvov‡bvi fw½‡ZB GK †jvfb P¨v‡jÄÑ Xzu‡o Av‡bv‡Zv †`wL †mB Kv¸‡R-KeR; gvbe Avgvi, `vbe Avgvi, gylj Avgvi, cï AvgviÑ Av‡bv‡Zv †`wL Xzu‡o †mB KvMR! `uvovjvg AvwgÑ †`wL †Zvgvi †Kgb mvnm! A‡bKÿY †m †mfv‡eB `uvwo‡q _vKj| hvi D‡Ï‡k P¨v‡jÄ wQj, wb‡Ri bvg-wVKvbv †jLv KvMRUv EkÖxi nv‡Zi Zvjy‡Z †d‡jB †m nvIqv| AK©i gv k~b¨N‡i EkÖx‡K Ifv‡e †`‡L e‡jB †dj‡jbÑ Kx‡i eywo, nj Kx †Zvi? cvMj n‡q †Mwj bvwK! `iRvi Avovj †_‡K AK© ejjÑ m¤¢eZ| iYwRr wek¦vm cÖqvZ wmwbqi mwPe, wewkó ig¨ I µxov †jLK
GK bR‡i cyo–‡Pwi †`k fviZ ivRavbx I e„nËg kni cyo–‡Pwi †Rjv 4wU divwm Dcwb‡e‡ki cÖwZôv 1673 fvi‡Zi Kv‡Q wW d¨v‡±v n¯ÍvšÍi 1 b‡f¤^i 1954 fvi‡Zi Kv‡Q wW Ry‡i n¯ÍvšÍi 16 AvM÷ 1962 miKvi †jd‡Ub¨v›U Mfb©i wKiY †ew` gyL¨gš¿x wf bvivqY¯^vgx gyL¨mwPe Awk¦bxKzgvi weavbmfv GKKÿ wewkó (33 Avmb) †ÿÎdj †gvU 562 eM©wKwg (217 eM©gvBj) GjvKv µg 33Zg RbmsL¨v (2011) †gvU 12,44,464 µg 29Zg NbZ¡ 2,200/eM©wKwg (5700/eM©gvBj) RvZxqZv cyo–‡Pwiqvb miKvwi fvlv gvivwV, Zvwgj, Bs‡iwR I divwm AwZwi³ miKvwi fvlv gvivwV, gvjqvjg, †Zjy¸ mgq AÂj fviZxq cÖgvY mgq (BDwUwm+05:30) ISO 3166 code IN-PY hvbevnb wbeÜb PY 01, PY 02, PY 03, PY I‡qemvBU www.py.gov.in
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45
cyo–‡Pwi †ijI‡q †÷kb
cyo–‡Pwi wegvbe›`i
RbmsL¨v (2011 mv‡ji RbMYbv Abyhvqx) 12 jvL 44 nvRvi 464|
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f‚L‡Ði PviwU GjvKvB mgy`ªZxieZ©x ch©Ub wbevm| cwЇPwi kniwU GKwU Lv‡ji Øviv 2wU As‡k wef³ Ges mKj cÖavb iv¯Ív G‡KAc‡ii mgvšÍiv‡j cÖevwnZ n‡q DcK‚‡ji Db¥y³ †cvZvkÖ‡q wM‡q †kl n‡q‡Q| hw`I cwЇPwi e›`‡ii †Kvb †cvZvkÖq †bB| RvnvR¸‡jv DcK‚‡ji 1-2 gvBj `~‡i mgy‡`ª †bvOi Ki‡Z eva¨ nq| Z‡e G †cvZvkÖqwU GK`v KigÐj DcK‚‡ji †miv †cvZvkÖq wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ nZ| GLv‡b GKwU DcK‚jxq †Lvjv nvIqv LvIqvi RvqMv, GKwU Kv‡M©v wfovivi RvqMv I GKwU mgy‡`ª †b‡g hvIqv cvKv ¯’vcbv i‡q‡Q| kn‡ii Av‡kcv‡k A‡bK cÖvK…wZK K‚qv Av‡Q hvi wecyj cwigvY Rj †mPKv‡R e¨eüZ nq| cÖavb ¯’vbxq dm‡ji g‡a¨ avb, AvL, Zzjv I wPbvev`vg cÖavb| cÖavb wkí¸‡jv n‡”Q Lv`¨ cÖwµqvRvZ wkí Ges B‡jKwUªKvj miÄvg, †U·UvBj, KvMR I KvV wkí| cwЇPwi GjvKvwU 300 MÖvg I †QvU †QvU MÖv‡gi mgwó| cwЇPwi †m±‡ii `wÿ‡Y Kv‡eix b`xi e-Øx‡ci De©i As‡k Aew¯’Z KvivBKj †m±i fvi‡Zi Ab¨Zg ¸iæZ¡c~Y© avb Drcv`bKvix GjvKv| GjvKvi GB e¨wZµgag©x De©iZv
MÖvgxY RbmsL¨vi AwZ Nb‡Z¡i KviY| kniwU gvqvfig-†civjvg iæ‡U `wÿYvÂjxq †ijI‡qi GKwU kvLv jvBb| gv‡n †m±iwU 2wU Ask wb‡q MwVZ: gv‡n b`xi †gvnbvi euv-Zx‡i cÖvPxb Qwei gZ gv‡n kni Gi feb-†mŠa wb‡q Aew¯’Z Ges b`xi Wvbav‡i Aew¯’Z bvjyViviv bv‡g cwiwPZ wew”Qbœ 4wU MÖvg Pv¤^iv, PvjKiv, cvjyi I cvÐvKz‡q‡ji mgš^‡q MwVZ| avb G †m±‡i cÖavb Drcvw`Z km¨| †PbœvB (gv`ªvR) kn‡ii cÖvq 400 gvBj (650 wKwg) Dˇi KvwKbvovi Kv‡Q †Mv`veix b`xi GKwU kvLvi Zx‡i Aew¯’Z hbg GKwU †QvU kni| G A‡ji cÖavb K_¨ fvlv n‡”Q Zvwgj, gvjvqvjvg I †Zjy¸| cwЇPwi I KvivBK‡ji `wÿYvÂjxq emwZi fvlv cÖavbZ Zvwgj; gv‡ni cÖavb fvlv gvjqvjvg Ges hb‡gi cÖavb K_¨ fvlv †Zjy¸| f‚L‡Ði Ab¨vb¨ cÖavb fvlv¸‡jvi g‡a¨ Av‡Q D`y©, divwm, Kbœo, wnw›`, ¸RivwU, Bs‡iwR I gvivwV| PviwU A‡ji me KÕwU‡ZB wn›`y msL¨vMwiôZv, gymjgvbiv KvivBKvj, gv‡n I hb‡gi ¸iæZ¡c~Y© msL¨vjNy Ges cwЇPwi‡Z| wLª÷vb‡`i msL¨v A‡bK| wKQz wkL, †eŠ× I ˆRbI i‡q‡Q| GB †K›`ªxq f‚L‡Ð †Kvb fvix wkí ev Lwb †bB| cvk¦©eZ©x ivR¨¸‡jv †_‡K cÖ‡qvRbxq
cyo–‡Pwii †nvqvBU UvD‡bi ¸ievU© GwfwbD‡q Aew¯’Z divwm Kbmy¨‡jU
46
†g 2018
we`y¨r †K‡b| GKRb †jd‡Ub¨v›U Mfb©i cyo–‡Pwi kvmb K‡ib hv‡K civgk© †`b GKRb gyL¨gš¿x I Zuvi gwš¿cwil`| G †K›`ªxq f‚LÐwU gv`ªvR nvB †Kv‡U©i AvIZvaxb| cyo–‡Pwi‡Z `vk©wbK kÖx Aiwe›` (18721950)-i bvgvw¼Z GKwU AvkÖg Ges Aiwfwj bv‡g Zuvi bvgvw¼Z GKwU AvšÍR©vwZK DcbMi I Aa¨qb †K›`ª i‡q‡Q| divwm ¯’vcbvi GK weij wb`k©b n‡”Q †ivguv †ivju¨v MYMÖš’vMvi|
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divwm B÷ BwÛqv †Kv¤úvwb (1666 mv‡j Ru¨v e¨vcwZ‡¯Í †KvjevZ© cÖwZwôZ) 1668 mv‡j myiv‡U GKwU I 1674 mv‡j cwЇPwi‡Z (eZ©gvb cyo–‡Pwi) Av‡iKwU emwZ ¯’vcb K‡i| †Kv¤úvwbi cwiPvjK d«v‡mvquv gvwZ© cwЇPwi‡Z divwm As‡ki ivRavbx cÖwZôv K‡ib| 1725 mv‡j gv‡n cÖwZwôZ nq, Gici 1731 mv‡j hbg I 1739 mv‡j KvivBKj cÖwZwôZ nq| divwm-mswkøóZv evsjv‡Z eû¸wYZ nq P›`vib‡Mvi‡K (P›`bbMi) †K›`ª K‡i, we‡klZ 1730 mv‡ji ci †hv‡mdd«v‡mvquv Wzc‡j‡·i cwiPvjbvq| Bwb 1742 mv‡j gnvcwiPvjK wbhy³ nb| 1763 mvj †_‡K fvi‡Z divwm ¯’vcbv, hv wQj ivRvi KZ…©Z¡vaxb, 1769 mv‡j †Kv¤úvwbi wejywßi ci K‡qKwU †QvU †cv÷ Qvov 5wU ga¨g AvKv‡ii emwZ:
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ms¯‹…wZ msev` 01 9 GwcÖj 2018 evsjv‡`k RvZxq Rv`yN‡i Bw›`iv MvÜx mvs¯‹…wZK †K›`ª (AvBwRwmwm) Av‡qvwRZ 250 eQ‡ii evsjv Mv‡bi Avmi-G fvi‡Zi wkíx kÖxgZx P›`ªvejx iæ`ª `‡Ëi cwi‡ekbv 02 10 GwcÖj 2018 evsjv‡`k RvZxq Rv`yN‡i Bw›`iv MvÜx mvs¯‹…wZK †K›`ª (AvBwRwmwm) Av‡qvwRZ MRj mܨvq kÖx A‡jvKKzgvi †m‡bi MRj cwi‡ekbv 03
03 14 GwcÖj 2018 evsjv‡`k RvZxq Rv`yN‡i Bw›`iv MvÜx mvs¯‹…wZK †K›`ª (AvBwRwmwm) Av‡qvwRZ msMxZmܨvq dv‡Zgv ZzR †Rvnivi bRiæjMxwZ Ges Kg‡jkKzgvi `v‡mi cÂKwei Mvb cwi‡ekbv 04 21 GwcÖj 2018 evsjv‡`k RvZxq Rv`yN‡i Bw›`iv MvÜx mvs¯‹…wZK †K›`ª (AvBwRwmwm) Av‡qvwRZ iex›`ª msMxZmܨvq fvi‡Zi kÖxgZx gvjv †`eeg©‡Yi msMxZ Ges Rbve Gev`yj nK ˆmK‡Zi †mZviev`b cwi‡ekbv
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ms¯‹…wZ msev`
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Regd. No. DA 355 Bharat Bichitra May 2018
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www.hcidhaka.gov.in /IndiaInBangladesh @ihcdhaka /HCIDhaka