Bharat Bichitra September 2019

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†m‡Þ¤^i 2019

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High Commission of India, Dhaka

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www.hcidhaka.gov.in; /IndiaInBangladesh @ihcdhaka; /hcidhaka; /HCIDhaka

Bharat Bichitra

/BharatBichitra

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04

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gv`vim Iqv· wgDwRqvg

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iex›`ªbv_ wd‡i G‡m‡Qb

iex›`ªbv_ †Zv Av‡QbB| Zv‡K me©Î †`Lv hvq| wKš‘ mËi eQi eqmx iex›`ªbv_ KjKvZvq wd‡i G‡m‡Qb| wZwb GKwU †K`vivq e‡m ZviB †jLv Ô†Q‡j‡ejvÕ MÖš’wU g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q co‡Qb| cv‡k k~b¨ †K`vivq †Kvjevwjk Avi Kzmb w`‡q mvwR‡q ivLv n‡q‡Q| B‡”Q gZ †h †KD GLv‡b e‡m iex›`ªbv‡_i m‡½ K_v ej‡Z cv‡ib| Zuvi KweZvI ïb‡Z cv‡ib| mevB `uvwo‡q _vK‡jI iex›`ªbv_ e‡m Av‡Qb eB nv‡Z| Zuvi †k¦Zïå k¥kÖæ Avi †Kk nvIqvq `yj‡Q| 10 MR `~‡iB evewo Pz‡ji we‡`ªvnx Kwe KweZvi LvZv nv‡Z wb‡q `uvwo‡q Av‡Qb| 1899 mv‡ji

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25 †g Zvwi‡L †jLv Zuvi ¯^vÿwiZ Kve¨gvjv Kve¨myav Qov‡”Q| wbLuyZ MvÜxRxi nv‡Z wPi‡Pbv jvwV Avi Zuv‡Z-†evbv Kvco †Zv Av‡QB| mv`v aywZ cwiwnZ Zuvi D‡`vg kixi ïay Zv‡KB a‡i †i‡L‡Q| gv_vq cvMwo G‡U my`k©b we‡eKvb›` wPi‡Pbv X‡O `yB nvZ †eu‡a `uvwo‡q i‡q‡Qb| e½eÜz †kL gywReyi ingvb nvZ DuwP‡q fvlY w`‡”Qb| Zuvi gy‡Li wZj ¯úó n‡q Av‡Q| Gwc‡R Ave`yj Kvjvg‡K †`‡L g‡b n‡”Q wZwb RvwZi D‡Ï‡k¨ wKQz ej‡eb| †gv. iwd Avi jZv GKm‡½ Mvb MvB‡Qb| †mŠif Mv½ywj AviI ZiæY| DËg-mywPÎvi Awfgvb n‡q‡Q| †Kb Rvwb Zviv `~iZ¡ eRvq †i‡L `uvwo‡q i‡q‡Qb| j¤^y AwgZvf e”Pb `uvwo‡q i‡q‡Qb| †KDB Zv‡K Qz‡Z cvi‡Q bv| cÖYeevey cÖK…ZB GKRb f`ª‡jvK| wZwb †ek M¤¢xi| PzcPvc `uvwo‡q Av‡Qb| wKš‘ weÁvbx RM`xkP›`ª emyi `uvov‡bvi mgq †bB| wZwb wbR a¨v‡b hš¿cvwZ wb‡q e¨¯Í| wKš‘ gvbœv †` GLv‡b LyeB mie| ck‡gi Uzwc gv_vq G‡Ki ci GK wZwb Mvb †M‡qB hv‡”Qb|

†Mvovi K_v

2012 mv‡j weªwUk nvB Kwgk‡bi Avgš¿‡Y cwðge‡½i cyi I bMi Dbœqb gš¿x wdinvZ nvwK‡gi m‡½ wnW‡Kvi †Pqvig¨vb †`evkxm †mb Bsj¨v‡Û †eov‡Z wM‡qwQ‡jb| †mLv‡b Ôgv`vi Zz‡mvÕ wgDwRqv‡g wM‡q †gv‡gi gvbyl †`‡L `yBR‡biB Pÿz Qvbveov| `yÕRb welqwU wb‡q Av‡jvPbv K‡ib| †`evkxm ej‡jb, ÔGB wgDwRqvg †`‡L KjKvZvq GKwU Ggb wgDwRqvg ˆZwii ¯^cœ‡evbv ïiæ Kwi| I‡`i m‡½ †hŠ_ D‡`¨v‡M †gv‡gi Rv`yNi wbg©v‡Yi cÖ¯Íve †`Iqv nq| wKš‘ Iiv Avgv‡`i cvËv †`qwb| Avgiv KjKvZv wd‡i I‡`i wPwVI wj‡LwQ| wKš‘ Iiv AvMÖn †`Lvqwb| c‡i AvgivB fviZe‡l© cÖ_g GKwU †gv‡gi Rv`yNi M‡o †Zvjvi D‡`¨vM wbB| wKš‘ wkíx †Kv_vq? †K Avgv‡`i ¯^cœ wbg©vY Ki‡e? †gvg w`‡q M‡o Zzj‡e Avgv‡`i bvqK‡K| c‡i Avgiv ea©gv‡bi Avmvb‡mv‡ji †gvg fv¯‹i mykvšÍ iv‡qi mÜvb cvB| Zvi m‡½ †hvMv‡hvM Kwi| wZwb Avgv‡`i Wv‡K mvov w`‡q GwM‡q Av‡mb| ¯’vcZ¨ wkíx we‡eK iv‡avivI fv®‹h©¸‡jvi cwRkb fw½ wVK K‡i w`‡q cy‡iv welqwU †`Lfvj K‡ib| GK ch©v‡q Avgiv mdj nB| BwZnvm‡K a‡i †dwj|Õ †gvg wkíx mykvšÍ ivq ej‡jb, Ôwe‡`kx‡`i cÖwZ P¨v‡jÄ Qz‡o w`‡q Avwg fv¯‹h©¸‡jv wbg©vY K‡iwQ| gvc‡Rvc bq, †KejgvÎ Qwe †`‡LB Avwg iex›`ªbv_, bRiæj, gv`vi †Z‡imv‡K RxešÍ K‡iwQ| gvÎ 10 gv‡m Avgvi GB †gv‡gi `ywbqv wbg©vY| Avgvi †gav m„RbkxjZv cÖwZwU †gv‡gi KYvq KYvq †X‡j w`‡qwQ|Õ 2014 mv‡ji b‡f¤^i gv‡m cwðge‡½i gyL¨gš¿x ggZv e¨vbvwR© GB Rv`yN‡ii D‡Øvab K‡ib| wZwb gvbœv †`-i cv‡k `uvwo‡q gnvb wkíx‡K cÖYvg Rvbvb| GK ch©v‡q `yÕR‡bB †M‡q I‡Vb, ÔRvwb †Zvgvi †cÖ‡gi †hvM¨ Avwg †Zv bB, cv‡Q fvj‡e‡m †dj ZvB `~‡i `~‡i iB|Õ dL‡i Avjg mvsevw`K

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Ck¦iP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq| AvR †KD GB bv‡g Zuv‡K †P‡b bv| GKzk eQi eq‡m e‡›`¨vcva¨vq Pvcv c‡o wZwb Ck¦iP›`ª we`¨vmvMi bv‡g cwiwPZ n‡q I‡Vb| wbZvšÍ mnR mij gvbyl| cv‡q PwU, ci‡Y a~wZ I Mv‡q fvwi Pv`i| GB †cvkv‡KB wZwb weªwUk ivR `ievi, K‡jR, wgwUs-wgwQ‡j †h‡Zb| evOvwj me©cÖ_g eo nIqvi, †hvM¨ nIqvi, AvaywbK cÖMwZkxj I wek¦Rbxb nIqvi `„óvšÍ Luy‡R †c‡qwQj GB gvbylwUi g‡a¨| wek¦Kwe Zuvi m¤^‡Ü e‡j‡Qb, ÒwZwb wn›`y wQ‡jb bv, ev½vjx ev eªvþY wQ‡jb bv, wQ‡jb ÔgvbylÕ|Ó iex›`ªbv_ AviI e‡j‡Qb, Ò...gnr Pwi‡Îi †h Aÿq eU wZwb e½f‚wg‡Z †ivcY Kwiqv wMqv‡Qb, Zvnvi Zj‡`‡k RvwZi Zx_©¯’vb nBqv‡Q|Ó we`¨vmvMi mgvR ms¯‹vi I wkÿvwe¯Ív‡ii †ÿ‡Î ivRv ivg‡gvnb iv‡qi my‡hvM¨ DËivwaKvix| ivg‡gvn‡bi cÖR¡wjZ †i‡bmuvi gkvj‡K wZwb eû evavwecwË †cwi‡q, Rxebbv‡ki ûgwK D‡cÿv K‡i, AKzZf‡q, DˇivËi D¾¡j †_‡K D¾¡jZi K‡i Zz‡jwQ‡jb| †m‡Þ¤^i 2019

15

Kzms¯‹viv”Qbœ evsjvi mgvR ms¯‹vi, wkÿvwe¯Ívi, bvixwkÿv, weaev weevn cÖPjb, evj¨weevn I eûweevn wb‡iva, evsjv M‡`¨i wfwË ¯’vcb mn eû K‡g©i Rb¨ we`¨vmvMi welqK Av‡jvPbv AvRI Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q cÖvmw½K| we`¨vmvMi e‡jwQ‡jb, ÒAvwg †`kvPv‡ii wbZvšÍ `vm bwn| wb‡Ri ev mgv‡Ri g½‡ji wbwgË hvnv DwPr ev Avek¨K †eva nB‡e, ZvnvB Kwie, †jv‡Ki ev KzUz‡¤^i f‡q K`vP msKzwPZ nBe bv|Ó cÖPÐ evav, fqven loh‡š¿i †gvKvwejv K‡i wZwb Aÿ‡i Aÿ‡i Zuvi cÖwZÁv iÿv K‡i †M‡Qb| wek kZ‡Ki Aóg-beg `kK ch©šÍ we`¨vmvMi iwPZ eY© cwiPq cÖ_g fvM I wØZxq fvM-Gi myev‡` AvbyôvwbK wkÿvq D”P wkwÿZ †Zv e‡UB, GgbwK ¯^í wkwÿZ I ¯^wkwÿZ evOvwj gv‡ÎB we`¨vmvM‡ii bvg ï‡b _vK‡eb| Dwbk kZ‡Ki evsjvq cÖvZt¯§iYxq A‡bK gbxlxi Rb¥ n‡qwQj| hyM cÖeZ©K I weijZg ¸‡Yi AwaKvix Ck¦iP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq Zuv‡`i g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg| wek¦Kwe iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi we`¨vmvMi gnvk‡qi gnvcÖqv‡Yi ci e‡jwQ‡jb, ÓCk¦i Pwjøk wgwjqb evOvwji g‡a¨ gvÎ GKwU ÔgvbylÕ m„wó K‡iwQ‡jb|Ó `yÕ‡kv eQi Av‡M eZ©gvb fvi‡Zi cwðge‡½i †gw`bxcyi †Rjvi exiwmsn MÖv‡g 1820 mv‡ji 26 †m‡Þ¤^i Ck¦iP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| evev cwÐZ VvKzi`vm e‡›`¨vcva¨vq I gv fMeZx †`ex| gv AwaKZ‡iv Kzms¯‹viv”Qbœ hy‡MI AvaywbK wPšÍvi AwaKvix wQ‡jb| Avw_©K Ae¯’v KiæY _vK‡jI cvwЇZ¨i Rb¨ Zuv‡`i cwiev‡ii L¨vwZ wQj| evjK Ck¦i‡KI K‡Vvi `vwi‡`ª¨i †gvKvwejv Ki‡Z nq| Avw_©K `yie¯’vi Kvi‡Y VvKzi`vm‡K Aí eq‡m KjKvZvq †h‡Z nq| wZwb cÖ_‡g bvggvÎ †eZ‡b GK e¨emvqxi LvZv †jLvi Kv‡R wbhy³ nb| b¨vqwbôv, bxwZcivqYZv, mZZv, Aa¨emvq I ¯^vaxb‡PZv g‡bvfv‡ei Kvi‡Y VvKzi`vm µ‡g mgv‡R cÖwZôvjvf K‡ib| wcZvi GB mKj `yj©f ¸Y mšÍv‡bi g‡a¨I weKwkZ n‡qwQj| Avw_©K AwZ wecbœZvi g‡a¨ gvbyl n‡jI Ck¦iP‡›`ªi g‡bvej wQj Amxg I `„p| Ck¦iP›`ª ¯‹z‡ji cov‡kvbvq †gavex wQ‡jb| Av‰kke wZwb wbqgvbyeZ©x I g‡bv‡hvMx wQ‡jb| MÖv‡gi cvV †k‡l AvU eQ‡ii evjK evevi m‡½ cv‡q †nu‡U KjKvZvq cv †i‡LwQ‡jb| c‡_i gvBjdjK †`‡L †`‡L †h Bs‡iwR msL¨v †Mvbv †kLvi Kvwnwb Zv Avlv‡p bq| cqmvi Afv‡e evwZi †Zj †hvMv‡o Amg_© n‡q iv‡Z iv¯Ívi av‡i jvBU‡cv‡÷i wb‡P e‡m covi MíI AwZiwÄZ bq| Zz‡Lvo †gavex evjK Ck¦iP›`ª evevi m‡½ KjKvZvi eoevRv‡i fvMeZ wms‡ni evwo‡Z †_‡K wkePiY gwjøK gnvk‡qi cvVkvjvq GK eQi Aa¨qb K‡ib| 1829 mv‡ji 1 Ryb Zuv‡K ms¯‹…Z K‡j‡R fwZ© Kiv nq| Ck¦iP›`ª Acwimxg kÖg I wbôvi m‡½ cov‡kvbv K‡i ¯‹z‡j K…wZ‡Z¡i cwiPq w`‡q gvwmK cuvP UvKv e„wË jvf K‡ib| ms¯‹…Z K‡j‡R e¨vKi‡Yi cvV †kl K‡i Bs‡iwR cov ïiæ K‡ib| 1833-1835-Gi g‡a¨ wZwb mvwn‡Z¨i cvV †kl K‡ib| ms¯‹…Z K‡j‡R evwl©K cixÿvq wZwb cÖ_g ¯’vb jvf K‡ib| 1835 mv‡j Ck¦iP›`ª Aj¼vi †kÖwY‡Z fwZ© nb| GB †kÖwY‡Z wZwb GK eQi cov‡kvbv K‡ib Ges P‚ovšÍ cixÿvq cÖ_g n‡q e¨vcK mybvg I cyi¯‹vi AR©b K‡ib| Gici †e`všÍ †kÖwY| †mLv‡bI K…wZ‡Z¡i cwiPq †`b| Gici ¯§„wZ †kÖwY| ¯§„wZ‡ZI AmvaviY mvdj¨ cÖ`k©b K‡ib| Ck¦iP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq evi eQ‡i ms¯‹…Z K‡j‡R e¨vKiY, Kve¨, Aj¼vi, †e`všÍ, ¯§„wZ, b¨vq I †R¨vwZl kv‡¯¿ cÖMvp cvwÐZ¨ AR©b K‡ib| 1839 mv‡j wZwb wn›`y AvBb KwgwUi cixÿvq DËxY© nb| KwgwU ksmvc‡Î Zuvi bv‡gi Av‡M Õwe`¨vmvMiÕ Dcvwa e¨envi K‡ib| Zuvi we`¨vmvMi Dcvwa h_v_©B wQj| Zuvi Rxe‡bi cieZ©x Kg©KvÐ we‡ePbvq we`¨vi mvMi, Áv‡bi mvMi, `qvi mvMi, KiæYvi mvMi, gvbeZvi mvMi, cÖMwZkxjZvi mvMi, we‡e‡Ki mvMi BZ¨vw` †Kvb cÖksmvB Zuvi Rb¨ ch©vß bq| gvÎ GKzk eQi eq‡m cov‡kvbv †k‡l 1841 mv‡j wZwb ms¯‹…Z K‡jR Z¨vM K‡ib| ZLbKvi cÖ_vbymv‡i cÖvq 11 eQi eq‡m `xbgqx †`exi m‡½ Zuvi we‡q nq| Zuvi Kg©Rxe‡biI ïiæ 1841 mv‡ji 21 wW‡m¤^i| wZwb †dvU©

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DBwjqvg K‡j‡R evsjv wefv‡Mi wefvMxq cÖavb Ges †mB m‡½ we`¨vjq cwi`k©‡Ki `vwqZ¡ MÖnY K‡ib| cuvQ eQi ci wZwb ms¯‹…Z K‡j‡Ri mnKvwi m¤úv`K c‡` †hvM`vb K‡ib| PvKwi †_‡K Aemi MÖnYKvix wcZv‡K MÖv‡g cvwV‡q †QvU fvB‡K wb‡q Av‡mb| G Qvov MÖv‡gi A‡bK Abv_ †Q‡jI Zuvi evmvq †_‡K cov‡kvbv Ki‡Zv| ms¯‹…Z K‡j‡R Aí mg‡q wZwb av‡c av‡c c‡`vbœwZ AR©b K‡ib| cÖ_‡g mnKvwi Aa¨vcK, c‡i ms¯‹…‡Zi Aa¨vcK I †k‡l K‡j‡Ri Aa¨‡ÿi c‡` e„Z nb| wZwb 1846 mv‡j wkÿve¨e¯’vi Dbœq‡b GKwU g~j¨evb cÖwZ‡e`b KZ©„c‡ÿi Kv‡Q †ck K‡ib| K‡jR KwgwUi m¤úv`K imgq `‡Ëi m‡½ ev`vbyev‡`i cwi‡cÖwÿ‡Z wZwb ms¯‹…Z K‡jR †Q‡o 1847 mv‡j Avevi †dvU© DBwjqvg K‡j‡R P‡j Av‡mb| GB eQ‡iB wZwb ms¯‹…Z †cÖm wW‡cvwRUwi bv‡g GKwU MÖš’vMvi cÖwZôv K‡ib| ms¯‹…Z K‡jR wb‡R‡`i fzj eyS‡Z †c‡i 1850 mv‡j wkÿv ms¯‹vi I K‡jR cybM©V‡bi c~Y© ¯^vaxbZv w`‡q Zuv‡K mvwnZ¨ I ms¯‹…wZ wefv‡Mi Aa¨vc‡Ki c‡` eiY K‡i| wZwb 1851 mv‡j Aa¨ÿ c‡` †hvM`vb K‡ib| Gici wZwb ms¯‹…Z K‡j‡Ri e¨vcK ms¯‹vi K‡ib Ges Bs‡iwR wkÿv eva¨Zvg~jK K‡ib| ms¯‹…Z K‡j‡R eªvþ‡Yi mšÍv‡bivB covi my‡hvM †cZ| wZwb wn›`y m¤úª`v‡qi mKj e‡Y©i mšÍvb‡`i covi my‡hvM K‡i w`‡qwQ‡jb| K‡jR QzwU _vK‡Zv cÖwZc` I Aógx wZw_‡Z| wZwb Gi cwie‡Z© iweevi‡K QzwUi w`b †NvlYv K‡ib| Kg©Rxe‡bB Zuvi mvwnZ¨mvabvi ïiæ| cÖ_‡g wZwb evsjvq DbœZgv‡bi cvV¨cy¯Í‡Ki Afve Abyfb K‡ib| GB mgq wZwb eû evsjv M`¨MÖš’ iPbv K‡ib| cÖK…Zc‡ÿ wZwbB evsjv M`¨ iPbvi w`kvix| iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi Zuv‡K evsjv M‡`¨i Rb‡Ki ¯^xK…wZ w`‡qwQ‡jb| Zuvi M`¨ iPbv m¤ú‡K© HwZnvwmK W. myKzgvi †mb e‡jb, Òwe`¨vmvM‡ii Av‡M M‡`¨i Pj wQj Pvj wQj bv|Ó we`¨vmvMi eû ms¯‹…Z, Bs‡iwR I wnw›` MÖ‡š’i mdj Abyev` I fvevšÍi K‡iwQ‡jb| Zuvi Ab~w`Z MÖš’mg~‡ni g‡a¨ we‡kl D‡jøL¨ nj ivgvqY gnvKve¨ Aej¤^‡b mxZvi ebevm, Kwe I bvU¨Kvi †kKm&cxq‡ii K‡gwW Ad Giim Aej¤^‡b åvwšÍwejvm, ms¯‹…Z †eZvj cÂweskwZi Abyev` †eZvj cuwPk I K_vgvjvi Mí BZ¨vw`| Zuvi iwPZ eY© cwiPq cÖ_g I wØZxq fv‡Mi K_v Av‡M e‡jwQ| G Qvov †ev‡av`q I AvL¨vbgÄix AvRI evsjvfvlvi †Mvovcˇb Acwinvh© we‡ewPZ nq| wZwb Kwe Kvjx`v‡mi AwfÁvb kKzšÍjg Kve¨ Aej¤^‡b evsjv M‡`¨ kKzšÍjv iPbv K‡ib| G Qvov wZwb eû MÖš’ iPbv K‡i‡Qb| wb‡P MÖš’cwćZ Zv †`Lv †h‡Z cv‡i| M`¨ mvwn‡Z¨i wfwË ¯’vc‡bi Rb¨ evsjvfvlvfvlxiv Zuvi Kv‡Q †hgb FYx, †Zgwb mgvR ms¯‹vi, wkÿvwe¯Ívi, we‡kl K‡i bvix wkÿv cÖmv‡i Zuvi gnvb Ae`v‡bi Rb¨I evOvwjiv Zuvi Kv‡Q AwaK †ewk FYx| KviY, †k‡lv³ `y‡Uv Kg© m¤úv`‡b Zuv‡K eû evavi m¤§yLxb n‡Z nq| GKj‡e¨i gZ wZwb GKvB msMÖvg K‡ib| g„Zz¨ I jvÃbvi ûgwK MÖvn¨ bv K‡i wZwb jÿ¨‡f‡` AUj _v‡Kb| 1849 mv‡j wZwb ¯^‡`kx K‡qKRb weËevb e¨w³ I †e_yb mv‡ne‡K m‡½ wb‡q bvixwkÿvi m~ÎcvZ K‡ib| †QvUjvU †d«WvwiK n¨vwj‡W mv‡n‡ei c„ó‡cvlKZvq wZwb †gw`bxcyi, ea©gvb, ûMwj I b`xqv †Rjvi bvbv A‡j evwjKv we`¨vjq cÖwZóv K‡ib| wZwb me©‡gvU 20wU g‡Wj ¯‹zj I 35wU evwjKv we`¨vjq M‡o Zz‡jwQ‡jb| we`¨vmvM‡ii gv‡qi cÖwZ fw³ I kÖ×vi Mí GB †`‡k wKse`šÍxi gZ cÖPvwiZ| wZwb gv‡K Zuvi †`exi Avm‡b ewm‡qwQ‡jb| gv‡qi Av‡`‡k wZwb MÖv‡g `vZe¨ wPwKrmvjq I c~‡e© Av‡jvwPZ we`¨vjq¸‡jv ¯’vcb K‡ib| †dvU© DBwjqvg K‡j‡Ri PvKzwi‡Z _vKvKv‡j Zuvi gv †QvU fvB‡qi we‡qi msev` †`b Ges Zuv‡K evwo hvIqvi Av‡`k †`b| wZwb Aa¨‡ÿi Kv‡Q QzwU PvB‡j Aa¨ÿ Zuvi Av‡e`b bvgÄyi K‡ib| gv‡qi Av‡`k Agvb¨ Kiv Am¤¢e e‡j wZwb PvKwi †Q‡o †`Iqvi B”Qv cÖKvk K‡ib| Aa¨ÿ †klvewa QzwU w`‡j †mB iv‡ZB evwo iIbv †`b| c‡_ cÖPÐ †¯ªvZw¯^bx `v‡gv`i b`x| AvenvIqv Lvivc| cvivcv‡ii †Lqv eÜ| wZwb Rxeb evwR †i‡L b`x muvZ‡i gv‡qi Kv‡Q †cuŠQvb|

Zuvi RxebxKviiv GwU‡K Aek¨ m‰e©e Mí e‡j AvL¨vwqZ K‡i‡Qb| 1849 wLª÷v‡ã eÜz I wn‰Zlx‡`i mn‡hvwMZvq mgvR ms¯‹vi Av‡›`vj‡bi j‡ÿ¨ Ôme©ïf¼ix mfvÕ-i cËb K‡ib| 1850 mv‡ji AvM‡÷ g`b‡gvnb ZK©vj¼v‡ii mn‡hvwMZvq we`¨vmvMi Ôme©ïf¼ixÕ wk‡ivbv‡g mvgwqKx cÖKvk K‡ib| 1854 wLª÷v‡ãi Rvbyqvwi‡Z Bs‡iR wmwfwjqvb‡`i cÖvP¨ fvlv wkÿv †`Iqvi Rb¨ cÖwZwôZ †dvU© DBwjqvg K‡jR †f‡O †evW© Ad GKRvwgbvim MwVZ nq| we`¨vmvMi‡K †ev‡W©i m`m¨ g‡bvbxZ Kiv nq| ms¯‹…Z K‡j‡R Aa¨‡ÿi c` QvovI gvwmK AwZwi³ 200 UvKv †eZ‡b we`¨vjq cwi`k©‡Ki c‡`I wZwb wbhy³ n‡qwQ‡jb| 1855 mv‡j gd¯^‡j ¯‹zj cwi`k©‡b hvIqvi mgq we`¨vmvMi gnvkq cvwé‡Z e‡m eY© cwiPq-Gi cvÐzwjwc cÖ¯‘Z K‡ib| GB eQ‡ii RyjvB‡q evsjv wkÿK cÖwkÿ‡Yi D‡Ï‡k¨ ms¯‹…Z K‡j‡Ri Aax‡b, IB K‡j‡Ri mKv‡ji †mk‡b big¨vj ¯‹zj ¯’vcb K‡ib| GB ¯‹z‡j cÖavb wkÿK wbhy³ nb AÿqKzgvi `Ë| GB eQ‡iB wZwb c~‡e© ewY©Z wewfbœ †Rjvq wewfbœ mg‡q Ab¨ mKj ¯‹zj cÖwZôv K‡iwQ‡jb| GB eQ‡ii A‡±vei gv‡m weaev weev‡ni mc‡ÿ ch©vß kv¯¿xq cÖgvYmn Ôweaev weevn cÖPwjZ nIqv DwPZ wKbv GZwØlqK cÖ¯ÍveÕ welqK wØZxq cy¯ÍK cÖKvk K‡ib| weaev weevn AvBbm¤§Z Ki‡Z weªwUk miKv‡ii Kv‡Q eû ¯^vÿi msewjZ GK Av‡e`bI cvVvb| ivRv ivavKvšÍ †`e weaev weev‡ni weiæ‡× Av‡e`b Rvbvb| we`¨vmvMi eûweevn †iv‡aI AvBb cÖYq‡bi Rb¨ miKv‡ii Kv‡Q Av‡e`b K‡iwQ‡jb| 1856 mv‡ji 16 RyjvB weaev weevn AvBb cvk nq| 7 wW‡m¤^i KjKvZvq cÖ_g weaev weevn Av‡qvwRZ nq| Abyôv‡bi ¯’vb 12 mywKqv w÷ªU, we`¨vmvMi gnvk‡qi eÜz ivRK…ò e‡›`¨vcva¨v‡qi evwo| cvÎ cÖwm× evM¥x ivgab ZK©evMx‡ki †QvU †Q‡j| ms¯‹…Z K‡j‡Ri K…Zx QvÎ I Aa¨vcK Ges we`¨vmvM‡ii eÜy kÖxkP›`ª we`¨viZœ| cvÎx ea©gvb †Rjvi cjvkWvOv MÖv‡gi eªþvb›` gy‡Lvcva¨v‡qi evi eQi eq‡mi weaev Kb¨v KvjxgZx| 1857 mv‡j KwjKvZv wek¦we`¨vjq cÖwZwôZ nq| wZwb wek¦we`¨vjq cwiPvjbv mwgwZi Ab¨Zg m`m¨ g‡bvbxZ nb| 1858 mv‡j wkÿv wefv‡Mi AwaKZ©vi m‡½ gZwe‡iva †`Lv w`‡j wZwb Aa¨‡ÿi c` †_‡K B¯Ídv †`b| GB eQ‡ii b‡f¤^‡i †mvgcÖKvk wk‡ivbv‡g GKwU mvgwqKx cÖKvwkZ nq| we`¨vmvMi cwÎKvi cÖKvkcwiKíbvi †bc‡_¨ KvR K‡ib| evsjvfvlvq GwUB cÖ_g mvgwqKx †hLv‡b ivR‰bwZK welq cί’ n‡qwQj| 1859 mv‡ji 1 GwcÖj cvBKcvovi ivRv‡`i A_©vbyKz‡j¨ gywk©`vev‡`i Kvw›`‡Z Bs‡iwR-evsjv ¯‹zj cÖwZôv K‡ib| wKQzw`b wZwb cÖwZôvbwUi A‰eZwbK ZË¡veavqK wQ‡jb| 20 GwcÖj †g‡UªvcwjUvb w_‡qUv‡i D‡gkP›`ª wgÎ iwPZ bvUK weaev weevn cÖ_g AwfbxZ nq| wZwb 23 GwcÖj ivg‡Mvcvj gwjø‡Ki wmu`ywiqvcwÆi evmfe‡b †mB bvU‡Ki Awfbq †`‡Lb| †g gv‡m ZË¡‡evwabx mfv eªvþmgv‡Ri m‡½ GKxf‚Z n‡j wZwb ZË¡‡evwabx mfvi mfvcwZi c` †_‡KI B¯Ívdv †`b| 1856 mvj †_‡K wZwb ZË¡‡evwabx mfvi m‡½ hy³ n‡qwQ‡jb| 29 †m‡Þ¤^i wZwb MYwkÿv cÖmv‡i Aby`v‡bi Rb¨ evsjvi Mfb©‡ii Kv‡Q Av‡e`b K‡ib| 1860 mv‡j wZwb †evW© Ad G·vwgbvim c` †_‡KI Ae¨vnwZ †bb| 1861 wLª÷v‡ãi GwcÖ‡j wZwb KwjKvZv †Uªwbs ¯‹z‡ji m¤úv`K g‡bvbxZ nb| wW‡m¤^‡i nwið›`ª gy‡Lvcva¨v‡qi AKvj g„Zz¨‡Z, wZwb nwið‡›`ªi m¤úvw`Z wn›`y c¨vwUªqU cwÎKvi cwiPvjbvi fvi MÖnY K‡ib| 1862 mv‡j K…ò`vm cvj‡K wZwb GB cwÎKvi m¤úv`K wbhy³ K‡ib| GB eQi Zuvi m¤úv`bvq evbf‡Æi Kv`¤^ix cÖKvwkZ nq| GB mgq evsjvfvlvq Kv‡e¨ AwgÎvÿi Q‡›`i cÖeZ©K Kwe kÖx gaym~`b Zuvi iwPZ exiv½bv Kve¨ we`¨vmvMi gnvkq‡K DrmM© K‡ib| weªwUk miKvi 1863 mv‡j Zuv‡K IqvW©m Bbw÷wUDk‡bi cwi`k©K wbhy³ K‡ib| 1856 mv‡j ¯‹zjwU cÖwZwôZ nq| ¯‹z‡j 8-14 eQi eqmx bvevjK Rwg`vi‡`i wkÿv`vb Kiv nZ| 1864 mv‡j GB cÖwZôv‡bi bvg cwieZ©b K‡i KwjKvZv †g‡UªvcwjUvb Bbw÷wUDkb ivLv nq| GB eQ‡ii 4 RyjvB Bsj‡Ûi iq¨vj †mvmvBwU Zuv‡K

mv¤§vwbK m`m¨ wbe©vwPZ K‡i| 2 AvM÷ d«v‡Ý A_©vfv‡e `y`©kvMÖ¯Í gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `ˇK wZwb 1500 UvKv cvVvb| Kwe bexbP›`ª †mbI †hŠe‡b we`¨vmvM‡ii A‡_© cov‡kvbv K‡ib| 1866 mv‡ji 1 †deªæqvwi eûweevn i‡`i Rb¨ wØZxqevi fviZxq e¨e¯’vcK mfvi Kv‡Q Av‡e`b K‡ib| 1867 mv‡j evsjvq `ywf©ÿ †`Lv w`‡j wZwb exiwmsn MÖv‡g wbR e¨‡q AbœmÎ ¯’vcb K‡ib| Qq gvm ˆ`wbK 4-5 nvRvi bibvix I wkï AbœmÎ †_‡K Abœ, e¯¿ I wPwKrmvi my‡hvM †c‡qwQj| we`¨vmvM‡ii `v‡bi wdwiw¯Í †`Iqv m¤¢e bq| e¨w³ ev e¨w³eM© †h-†KvbI ai‡bi mgm¨vq co‡j `qvi mvMi we`¨vmvMi †h-†KvbI g~‡j¨ Zv‡`i D×vi Ki‡Zb| 1869 mv‡ji Rvbyqvwi‡Z wZwb †e_yb evwjKv we`¨vj‡qi †m‡µUvwii c` Z¨vM K‡ib| GwcÖj gv‡m Zuvi m¤úv`bvq Kvwj`v‡mi †gN`~Zg cÖKvwkZ nq| GB eQi exiwmsn MÖv‡g ˆcZ…K evwo f¯§xf‚Z n‡j wZwb wPiZ‡i exiwmsn MÖvg Z¨vM K‡ib| 1870 mv‡ji Rvbyqvwi‡Z wZwb Wv³vi g‡n›`ªjvj miKv‡ii weÁvb mfvq GK nvRvi UvKv cÖ`vb K‡ib| 1871 mv‡ji 11 AvM÷ wZwb Zuvi †Q‡j bvivq‡Yi m‡½I GK weaevi weevn †`b| Zuvi gv Amš‘ó n‡jI AmsL¨ gv‡qi `y`©kvi K_v †f‡e wZwb Zuvi Kg©KvÐ Ae¨vnZ iv‡Lb| gv fMeZx †`ex 1871 mv‡j Kvkx‡Z cÖqvZ nb| 1872 mv‡j wn›`y weaev‡`i mvnvh¨v‡_© Ôwn›`y d¨vwgwj A¨vbywqwU dvÛÕ MVb K‡ib| D‡Ïk¨, weaev I ¯^í Av‡qi mvaviY evOvwji g„Zz¨i ci ¯¿x-mšÍv‡biv wec`MÖ¯Í n‡j GB dvÛ †_‡K mvnvh¨ cv‡eb| we`¨vmvMi wQ‡jb Gi Ab¨Zg Uªvw÷| wKQzw`b ci Aek¨ wZwb GB `vwqZ¡ †_‡KI Ae¨vnwZ †bb| GB mg‡q Zuvi wcZ…we‡qvM N‡U| AwaK kÖ‡g we`¨vmvMi K¬všÍ| kÖvwšÍi Avkvq KjKvZvi ev`yo evMv‡b evwo ˆZwi K‡ib| evwo msjMœ moKwU eZ©gv‡b we`¨vmvMi w÷ªU I weavb mfvi cy‡iv GjvKvi bvg we`¨vmvMi| GB evwo‡Z 1882 mv‡j kÖxivgK…ò cignsm †`e G‡mwQ‡jb Ges `yB RM‡Zi `yB gnvZ¥vi g‡a¨ fv‡ei Av`vb-cÖ`vb nq| c~‡e© ewY©Z †g‡UªvcwjUb K‡jRwU eZ©gv‡b we`¨vmvMi K‡jR bv‡g cwiwPZ| ûMwj b`xi Ici wbwg©Z wØZxq †mZzi bvgI Ôwe`¨vmvMi †mZzÕ ivLv nq| Zuvi eY©gq wewPÎ ˆewkó¨m¤úbœ Rxeb I Abb¨ Kg©Kv‡Ði ¯^xK…wZ¯^iƒc weªwUk miKvi Zuv‡K wm AvB Dcvwa `vb K‡i m¤§vb cÖ`k©b K‡ib| 1883 mv‡j Zuv‡K cÄve wek¦we`¨vj‡qi †d‡jv wbe©vwPZ Kiv nq| Ck¦iP›`ª we`¨vmvMi m¤ú‡K© †gvnb`vm KigPuv` MvÜx e‡j‡Qb, ÒAvwg †h `wi`ª ev½vjx eªvþY‡K kÖ×v Kwi wZwb Ck¦iP›`ª we`¨vmvMi|Ó Zuv‡K h_v_© g~j¨vqb K‡iwQ‡jb Kwe kÖx gaym~`b| wZwb we`¨vmvMi m¤ú‡K© wj‡LwQ‡jb, ÒThe genius and wisdom of an ancient

sage. the energy of an Englishman and heart of a Bengali mother Ó

we`¨vmvMi gnvkq Rxe‡bi †kl 18 eQi SvoL‡Ði muvIZvj cjøx Kvg©vUv‡i KvwU‡qwQ‡jb| KjKvZvi Z_vKw_Z Ômf¨RMrÕ †_‡K wZwb †¯^”Qv wbe©vm‡bB wM‡qwQ‡jb| AvZ¥xq-¯^R‡bi msKxY© g‡bvfve I eÜz-evÜe‡`i KvQ †_‡K A‡mŠRb¨g~jK AvPiY Zuv‡K fxlYfv‡e AvnZ K‡iwQj| Kvg©vUv‡i wZwb GKLÐ RvqMv wK‡b GKwU Kzu‡oN‡i evm Ki‡Zb| Zuvi KzwV‡ii bvg wQj b›`bKvbb| wZwb muvIZvj‡`i `ytL-`y`©kv †`‡L wePwjZ nb Ges Zv jvN‡e cÖqvm †bb| wZwbB cÖ_g muvIZvj †g‡q‡`i Rb¨ AvbyôvwbK ¯‹zj cÖwZôv K‡ib| mgMÖ fviZxq Dcgnv‡`‡k muvIZvj‡`i Rb¨ GwUB cÖ_g ¯‹zj| wZwb mvuIZvj‡`i wPwKrmvi Rb¨ `vZe¨ †nvwgI wPwKrmvjq ¯’vcb K‡ib| wZwb eq¯‹ muvIZvj‡`iI mvÿi Kivi †Póv K‡ib| muvIZvjiv Zuv‡K fMevb Áv‡b c~Rv Ki‡Zb| µ‡gB Zuvi ¯^v‡¯’¨i AebwZ n‡Z _v‡K| cÖ‡qvRbxq A‡_©i Afv‡e Zuvi wPwKrmv nw”Qj bv| wZwb `yiv‡ivM¨ wjfvi K¨vbmv‡i AvµvšÍ n‡qwQ‡jb| 1888 mv‡j Zuvi ¯¿x `xbgqx †`ex †jvKvšÍwiZ nb| 1890 mv‡j wZwb exiwmsn MÖv‡g gv‡qi bv‡g fMeZx we`¨vjq cÖwZôv K‡ib| we`¨vmvMi 1891 mv‡ji 29 RyjvB (13 kÖveY 1298) ivZ 2Uv 18

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wgwb‡U Zuvi ev`yoevMv‡bi evwo‡Z †kl wbk¦vm Z¨vM K‡ib| ZLb Zuvi eqm 70 eQi 10 gvm 3 w`b| we`¨vmvM‡ii g„Zz¨i ci Zuvi †Q‡j bvivqYP›`ª we`¨viZœ 1891 mv‡ji †m‡Þ¤^‡i evevi Amgvß AvZ¥Rxebx cÖKvk K‡ib| 1892 mv‡ji GwcÖ‡j 408 †køvKwewkó f‚‡Mvj L‡Mvj eY©bg MÖš’wUI cÖKvwkZ nq| cwðg fvi‡Zi GK Avgjv Rb wjq‡ii cÖ¯Ív‡e we`¨vmvMi gnvkq cyivY, myh©wm×všÍ I BD‡ivcxq gZvbymv‡i MÖš’wU iPbv K‡iwQ‡jb| GwUB wQj Zuvi Rxe‡bi †kl iPbv|

we`¨vmvM‡ii iPbvmgMÖ

1. †eZvj cÂweskwZ (1847) 2. ev½vjv fvlvi BwZnvm, wØZxq fvM (1848), gvk©g¨v‡bi wnw÷ª Ad †e½j Aej¤^‡b iwPZ| 3. RxebPwiZ (1849)| DBwjqvg I ievU© †P¤^vm© iwPZ L¨vwZgvb Bs‡iR gbxlx‡`i Rxebx Aej¤^‡b iwPZ| 4. †ev‡av`q, wkïwkÿv PZz_© fvM (1851)| iæwW‡g›Um Ad b‡jR Aej¤^‡b iwPZ| 5. bxwZ‡eva: cÖ_g mvZwU cÖ¯Íve (1851)| DBwjqvg I ievU© †P¤^v‡m©i givj K¬vm eyK Aej¤^‡b iwPZ| 6. ms¯‹„Z e¨vKi‡Yi DcµgwYKv (1851) 7. FRycvV: cÖ_g fvM (1851), wØZxq fvM (1852), Z…Zxq fvM (1852)| 8. e¨vKiY †KŠgyw`: cÖ_g fvM (1853), wØZxq fvM (1853), Z…Zxq fvM (1854)| 9. ms¯‹…Z fvlv I ms¯‹…Z fvlvwelqK cÖ¯Íve (1854)| 10. kKzšÍjv (1854)| Kvwj`v‡mi ÔAwfÁvbg kKzšÍjgÕ Aej¤^‡b iwPZ| 11. weaev weevn cÖPwjZ nIqv DwPZ wKbv

18

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GZwØlqK cÖ¯ÍveÑ cÖ_g cy¯ÍK (1855) 12. eY© cwiPq: cÖ_g fvM (1855), wØZxq fvM (1855)| 13. K_vgvjv (1856)| Ck‡ci Kvwnwb Aej¤^‡b iwPZ| 14. PwiZvejx (1856) 15. gnvfviZÑ DcµgwYKv fvM (1860) 16. mxZvi ebevm (1860) 17. e¨vKiY †KŠgyw`: PZz_© fvM (1862)| 18. evL¨vbgÄix (1863) 19. kãgÄix (1864) 20. åvwšÍwejvm (1869) 21. weaev weevn cÖPwjZ nIqv DwPZ wKbv GZwØlqK wePvi (1871) 22. weaev weevn cÖPwjZ nIqv DwPZ wKbv

GZwØlqK wePviÑ wØZxq cy¯ÍK (1873) 23. AwZ Aí nBj (1873) 24. Avevi AwZ Aí nBj (1873) 25. eªRwejvm (1884) 26. weaevweevn I h‡kvni wn›`yag©iwÿYx mfv (1884) 27. iZœ cixÿv (1886) 28. c`¨ msMÖn: cÖ_g fvM (1888) 29. wb®‹…wZjvf cÖqvm (1888) 30. ms¯‹…Z iPbv (1889) 31. c`¨ msMÖn: wØZxq fvM (1890) 32. †køvK gÄix (1890) 33. we`¨vmvMi PwiZ (¯^iwPZ, 1891) 34. f‚‡Mvj L‡Mvj eY©bg (1892)

m¤úvw`Z MÖš’

1. Abœ`vg½j (1847) 2. wKivZv¾©ybxqg (1853) 3, me©`k©bmsMÖn (1853-58) 4. wkïcvjea (1853) 5. iNyeskg (1853) 6. †gN`~Zg (1859) 7. Kzgvim¤¢eg (1862) 8. Kv`¤^ix (1862) 9. evj¥xwK ivgvqY (1862) 10. DËg PwiZg (1872) 11. nilPwiZg (1873) 12. AwfÁvbkKzšÍjg (1881) 13. c`¨msMÖn cÖ_gfvM (1888, K…wËevmx ivgvqY †_‡K msKwjZ) 14. c`¨msMÖn cÖ_gfvM (1890, ivq¸YvKi fviZP›`ª iwPZ) MÖš’ I m¤úv`bvi m~Î: we`¨vmvMi iPbvejx| Zzwj I Kjg| Ryb 1967| Zcb PµeZ©x cÖvewÜK

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cwðge‡½i MÖvgxY Ges cÖvwšÍK bvix‡`i wkíPP©v †iv‡kbviv Lvb

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†Mvjv w`‡q N‡ii `vIqvq, D‡Vv‡b Avjcbv †`q| mܨv‡ejv Nygcvovwb Mvb †M‡q wkï‡K Nyg cvovq| j²xev‡i myi K‡i j²xi cuvPvjx c‡o| wb¤œeM©xq m¤úª`v‡qi †g‡q-eDiv fv`ªgv‡m fv`yMvb, †cŠl msµvwšÍ‡Z Zzmy Mvb †M‡q Zzmy fvmvq| muvIZvj gwnjv‡`i bvPMvb †Zv me©Rbwew`Z| Avgv‡`i †`‡k, we‡kl K‡i evOvwj cwiev‡i DuwK w`‡j †`Lv hv‡e †g‡q‡`i mvgvb¨ mewR KvUvi g‡a¨ wkí‡eva KvR K‡i| †ivRKvi ivbœv evbœv QvovI MÖvgxY gwnjviv Pvj¸uwo, ¸o, bvi‡Kj BZ¨vw` w`‡q KZ ¯^v‡`i, KZ iKg bKkvi wc‡V-cywj ˆZwi K‡ib| Wvj †e‡U ewo †`b| c~e© †gw`bxcyi †Rjvi Mqbv ewo GKK_vq RMwØL¨vZ| GK K_vq GB mg¯Í MÖvgxY I cÖvwšÍK gwnjvivB MÖvgxY, Z_v mgMÖ evOjvi Avw` wkí-ms¯‹…wZi wbR¯^Zv‡K enb K‡i P‡j‡Qb| †`k Kvj I mvgvwRK Ae¯’v‡bi Ici bvixi wkíPP©vi welq wbf©i K‡i| MÖvgxY I cÖvwšÍK gwnjv‡`i wkíPP©vi wel‡q Rvb‡Z G‡Kev‡i Z…Yg~j ¯Í‡i †PvL ivL‡j †`Lv hv‡e mvsmvwiK cÖ‡qvR‡b ev iæwR†ivRMv‡ii Rb¨ Zviv †h mg¯Í wRwbm ˆZwi K‡i Zvi DcKiY ebR½j †_‡K msMÖn Kiv n‡q‡Q| †hgbÑ Zvj, †LRyi, bvi‡Kj BZ¨vw` Mv‡Qi Wvj, cvZv, †Qveov| GQvovI bvbv iKg ey‡bv MvQ, jZv, dj, exR, KzkKvwV, eveyB Nvm, euvk, cvU Ges b`x, mvMi †_‡K Kzwo‡q cvIqv wSbyK, kvgy&K, kuvL, gv‡Qi Auvk, gvwU, QvB, cyi‡bv kvwo, kvwoi cv‡oi my‡Zv, wewfbœ Mv‡Qi Auvk BZ¨vw` n¯Íwk‡íi DcKiY wn‡m‡e e¨envi K‡i _v‡K| †h A‡j †h Dcv`vb¸wj mnRjf¨ †m A‡ji gwnjviv †mB mg¯Í Dcv`vb w`‡qB wewfbœ wRwbm ˆZwi K‡i| Dcv`vb¸wj †ewkifvMB Zz”Q Ges mnRjf¨ n‡jI wkíxi †gnb‡Zi ¸‡Y wkím¤¢vi¸wj Amvgvb¨ n‡q I‡V| hv‡`i Avgiv cÖvwšÍK e‡j _vwK †mB mg¯Í gwnjviv cyiælwbf©i bq| ZvivI cyiæ‡li m‡½ Kuv‡a Kuva wgwj‡q †¶Z-Lvgv‡i, wVKv`v‡ii Aax‡b, Kj-KviLvbvq KvR K‡i| msmvi I mšÍvb mvg‡j msmv‡ii cÖ‡qvR‡b PvUvq †ev‡b, `wocvK †`q, SuvUv euv‡a, Kuv_v †mjvB K‡i| hv‡`i KvR †mŠwLb Zviv †mBme wRwbm nv‡UevRv‡i wewµ K‡i|GQvovI hviv eva©K¨RwbZ ev Amy¯’Zvi Kvi‡Y Kg©¶gZv nvwi‡q‡Q. Zviv R½j †_‡K kvjcvZv Avi wbgKvwV msMÖn K‡i cvZvi _vjv evwb‡q wewµ K‡i (GKmgq gyw` †`vKv‡b, Lvev‡ii †`vKv‡b, cvb †`vKv‡b kvjcvZv I cvZvi _vjvi e¨vcK Pvwn`v wQj| kvjcvZvi †VvOvq †Z‡jfvRvi ¯^v`B Avjv`v)| b`xi cvo, gvV-NvU †_‡K KzkKvwV †f‡O wb‡q G‡m †mŠwLb SuvUv, cvLv evwb‡q wewfbœ MÖv‡g Ny‡i Ny‡i wewµ K‡i w`b ¸Rivb K‡i| GKevi euvKzov †Rjvi mymywbqv cvnvo †`‡L †divi mgq QvZbv †÷k‡b GBiKgB GK Avw`evmx e„×vi m‡½ †`Lv n‡qwQj| †Uª‡b P‡o cv‡ki †÷k‡b †b‡g gvV †_‡K KzkKvwV wb‡q G‡m ï‡Kv‡Z w`‡q Mv‡Qi †Mvovq BU †c‡Z fvOvPv‡ji fvZ ivbœv KiwQj| ivbœvi duv‡K Ava ïK‡bv KvwV w`‡q webywbi gZ ey‡b †ivj K‡i SuvUv ˆZwi KiwQj| KzkKvwV Avi iwOb my‡Zv w`‡q Avw`evmx gwnjviv Lye my›`i cvLvI evbvq| `yÕ‡Lv‡ji cvLv¸wj †`L‡Z †ewk my›`i| KvwV Avi my‡Zv w`‡q Lyw` Lyw` Rvdwi evwb‡q gvSLv‡b PKP‡K iwOb KvMR w`‡q †Mvj

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†m‡Þ¤^i 2019

K‡i †K‡U Svji Avi KwÂi WvwÛ jvwM‡q w`‡jB evnvwi cvLv ˆZwi| Ab¨vb¨ m¤úª`v‡qi gwnjvivI GBiKg cvLv evwb‡q _v‡K| mvaviYZ ÔnvZcvLvÕ ej‡Z ZvjcvZvi cvLv‡KB †evSvq| †QvU †QvU ZvjcvZv †euvUv ev Wvjmn †K‡U evbv‡bv nq| G¸wj evbv‡bv Lye mnR| MÖvgv‡ji gymwjg cwiev‡ii gwnjv‡`i ZvjcvZvi isevnvwi cvLv eyb‡Z †`Lv hvq| big cvZv †iv‡` wVKfv‡e ïwK‡q is †gkv‡bv R‡j wm× K‡i Avevi ïwK‡q wb‡Z nq| cvZv bgbxq n‡Z n‡e| GKm‡½ 2/3 i‡Oi cvZv w`‡q wkíx bvbviKg bKkv dzwU‡q †Zv‡jb| Zvici †Mvj ev †PŠ‡Kv AvKv‡i †K‡U ZvjcvZvi †jm ev Kvco w`‡q avi †eu‡a Kvc‡oi Svji Ges Kw ev euvk dvwji nvZj jvwM‡q †bIqv nq| MÖv‡gi gwnjviv AviI bvbviKg wRwbm w`‡q cvLv ˆZwi K‡i| evLvwi, Kvco, my‡Zv BZ¨vw` w`‡qI cvLv ˆZwi Kiv nq| Kvc‡oi cvLvq my‡Zvi †duvo w`‡q bKkv dzwU‡q †Zvjv nq| my‡Zvi cvLv †gvUv Zv‡ii †d«‡g 2/3 i‡Oi my‡Zv w`‡q Kvc‡oi gZ †evbv nq| †LRyicvZv w`‡q SuvUv I PvUvB †evbv nq| G¸wj msmv‡ii cÖ‡qvR‡b jv‡M, Avevi wewµ K‡i DcvR©bI Kiv hvq| cÖvwšÍK gwnjviv †gvUv PvUvB ey‡b wb‡Riv e¨envi K‡i, nv‡U-evRv‡i wewµI K‡i| †mŠwLb PvUvB eyb‡Z eo †LRyi Mv‡Qi gvSLv‡bi cvZvi cÖ‡qvRb nq| wb‡Pi w`‡Ki ey‡ov cvZv f½yi nq| G‡Kev‡i AvMvi cvZv †UKmB nq bv| †LRyi PvUvB MÖv‡gi AwaKvsk gwnjviv eyb‡Z Rvb‡jI iwOb I †mŠwLb PvUvB gymwjg gwnjvivB ey‡b _v‡K| mevi c‡¶ GB cvZv msMÖn Kiv m¤¢e nq bv, me A‡j cvZv msMÖn Kivi gZ †LRyiMvQ _v‡K bv| cvZv wKb‡Z nq| Wvjmn cvZv¸wj †iv‡` Ggbfv‡e ïK‡bv Ki‡Z nq, cvZv Kv‡jv bv n‡q hvq| Wvj †_‡K gv‡Si j¤^v cvZv¸wj wQu‡o wb‡q m~P ev †mdwUwcb w`‡q cvZvi wkiv I `yBavi ev` w`‡q Pvi fvM K‡i wb‡Z nq| Gici wKQz cvZv i‡O wm× K‡i ïwK‡q †bIqv nq| Gevi bKkv Abyhvqx mv`v cvZvi m‡½ †Mvjvwc, meyR, †e¸wb cvZv wgwk‡q 3/4 Bw PIov GK GKwU cvU© ey‡b Wv‡ji wb‡Pi w`‡Ki gReyZ cvZvi wkiv w`‡q cvU©¸wj Ry‡o wb‡Z nq| Gici PvUvB‡qi `yB cÖvšÍ miæ `wo ev myZwj w`‡q †mjvB K‡i †bIqv nq| msmv‡ii Kv‡Ri Aem‡i gvSvwi AvKv‡ii Kv‡c©‡Ui mgvb GKwU PvUvB eyb‡Z GKgv‡mi gZ mgq jv‡M| GB PvUvB¸wj †`L‡ZI †hgb my›`i, †Zgb my›`i my›`i bvg| AvbviKwj, ZvRgnj BZ¨vw`| Gme PvUvB evwo †_‡KI A‡b‡K wK‡b wb‡q hvq| mvBR I wWRvBb Abyhvqx `vg c‡o 1000 UvKv †_‡K 2500 UvKv ch©šÍ| ea©gvb, exif‚g, euvKzov, cwðg †gw`bxcyi †Rjvi MÖvgxY gwnjviv GB †mŠwLb I kxZjcvwUi gZ gm„Y †LRyi PvUvB ey‡b _v‡K| PvUvB †evbvi ci †d‡j †`Iqv cvZvi wkiv¸wj ¸wQ K‡i iwOb cvZv w`‡q †cuwP‡q A‡b‡K UzKwi I SuvUv evwb‡q wewµ K‡i| ZvjcvZv w`‡qI PvUvB †evbv hvq| †m¸wj Avmb wn‡m‡e e¨envi Kivi Rb¨ IB AvKv‡iiB evbv‡bv nq| MÖv‡g AvRI A‡b‡Ki evwo‡Z †M‡j Avmb †c‡Z em‡Z †`Iqv nq| Avm‡b e‡m LvIqvI nq| ZvB MÖv‡gi wn›`y cwiev‡ii gwnjviv P‡Ui UzK‡ivi Ici my‡Zv ev Dj w`‡q Lye my›`i Avmb ey‡b _v‡Kb|

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nZ, †fvR evwo‡Z gvwUi miv, †Mjvm e¨envi Kiv nZ, Zvi cwie‡Z© GLb cøvw÷‡Ki, _vigK‡ji, KvM‡Ri Kvc, evwU, †Mjvm e¨envi Kiv nq| B`vbxs cøvw÷K I cwjw_b `~lY †_‡K cwi‡ek‡K i¶v Ki‡Z wewfbœ †¯^”Qv‡mex ms¯’vi Zid †_‡K G¸wji e¨envi †_‡K weiZ _vKvi Rb¨ gvbyl‡K m‡PZb Kiv n‡”Q| ZvB †KvbI †KvbI Pv-Iqvjvi Kv‡Q gvwUi fuv‡o Pv cvIqv hv‡”Q| gvwUi GBme wRwbm evbv‡bvi Sw°-Sv‡gjvI Kg bq| mvgvb¨ Kv`vi gЇK wk‡íi iƒc w`‡Z bvix cyiæl Dfq‡KB †g‡nbZ Ki‡Z nq| evwoi cyiæ‡liv we‡kl ai‡bi gvwU msMÖn K‡i wb‡q G‡m †Q‡b-PU‡K gÐ ˆZwi K‡i| †mB gÐ PvKvq ewm‡q bvbv wRwb‡mi AvKvi †`q| GB KvRwU gwnjvivI K‡i _v‡K| KuvPv wRwbm¸wj †iv‡` D‡ë cv‡ë ïK‡bv Kivi `vwqZ¡ gwnjv‡`i| KviY Zviv †ewkifvM mgq evwo‡Z _v‡K| evwoi †Q‡j‡g‡qiv I eq¯‹ gvby‡livI GB Kv‡R mvnvh¨ K‡i| Gici †cvov‡bvi cvjv| g¯Íeo MnŸ‡ii gZ Dby‡b cvθwj wVKfv‡e mvwR‡q wb‡P Av¸b awi‡q †`Iqv nq| †cvov wRwbm¸wj‡Z is a‡i wVKB, ZeyI mwVK is I gm„Y Kivi Rb¨ GKiKg cÖ‡jc †`Iqv nq| GB KvRwUI †ewkifvM gwnjvivB K‡i _v‡K| cy‡Rv-cve©‡Y I ag©xq Drm‡e NU, gvjmv, cÖ`xc QvovI bvbviKg †QvU †QvU g~wZ© I cyZz‡ji †ek Pvwn`v _v‡K| gwnjviv wewfbœ Drm‡ei Pvwn`vgZ G¸wj M‡ob| †cŠl msµvwšÍ‡Z Zzmy cy‡Rvi Rb¨ we‡kl ai‡bi gvwUi gvjmv evbv‡bv nq| hvi wKbvivq †QvU †QvU cÖ`xc emv‡bv _v‡K| msµvwšÍi w`b GB cÖ`xc¸wj †R¡‡j gvjmvi g‡a¨ cy‡Rvi DcKiY mvwR‡q MÖvgxY I cÖvwšÍK gwnjviv ZzmyMvb MvB‡Z MvB‡Z b`x‡Z fvwm‡q _v‡K| gvwUi cyZz‡ji Rb¨ K…òbM‡ii bvg †hgb RMrL¨vZ †Zgb euvKzov †Rjvi cuvPgyov MÖv‡gi gvwUi †Nvov †`‡k-we‡`‡k mgv`„Z| GKvR bvix-cyiæl wkíx Df‡qB K‡i _v‡Kb| Gi evB‡iI cwðge‡½i wewfbœ MÖv‡gi gwnjviv gvwUi †QvU †QvU †Nvov, nvwZ M‡ob, AÂjwe‡k‡l G¸wji MV‡bi ZviZg¨ i‡q‡Q| G¸wj MÖvg I kn‡ii wn›`y, gymwjg Dfq m¤úª`v‡qi gvbyl VvKzi I wc‡ii _v‡b wmiwb ev cÖmv‡`i m‡½ Pwo‡q _v‡Kb| gymwjgiv cy‡Rvq wek¦vmx bv n‡qI wc‡ii _v‡b †Kb gvwUi †Nvov gvbZ K‡ib Rvbv †bB| GLvbKvi †ewkifvM gymwjgB ag©všÍwiZ gymwjg| wn›`y †_‡K gymwjg n‡q‡Qb| GB AvPvi nq‡Zv c~e© ag©wek¦vm †_‡K i‡q †M‡Q| †hgb †gw`bxcyi kn‡i †`Iqvwj‡Z †h cÖ`xcnv‡Z cyZzj wewµ nq, A‡bK gymwjg cwiev‡i †mBw`b IB cyZzj wK‡b G‡b evwo‡Z R¡vjvq| cyiæ‡li cvkvcvwk A‡bK gwnjv GLb cÖwZgv Movi KvRI Ki‡Qb| MÖvgxY gwnjv‡`i Avi GKwU we‡kl wkíPP©v `wo ˆZwi Kiv| we‡kl K‡i cÖvwšÍK gwnjviv `wo cvK †`Iqvi gRywi wn‡m‡e hv cvq Zv w`‡q msmv‡ii Pvwn`v †gUvq| g~jZ `wo ˆZwi nq cvU, eveyBNvm, bvi‡Kj †Qveov w`‡q| G¸wj QvovI wKQz ebR Dw™¢` R‡j cwP‡q, Gi Auvk †ei K‡iI `wo cvKv‡bv nq| cvU I bvi‡Kj †Qveovi Auvk †ei K‡iI `wo ˆZwi Kiv nq| GKv‡R gwnjv‡`i KZUv f‚wgKv _v‡K bv Rvb‡jI eveyBNv‡mi `wo gwnjvivB cvK †`q| GB `wo ˆZwi Kiv Lye KóKi| †KD eveyBNvm wK‡b `wo ˆZwi K‡i wewµ K‡i, †KD

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mevB P‡j †M‡Q|

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Lvjv¤§v g‡i euvP‡jb| wZwb †h g‡bcÖv‡Y wek¦vm Ki‡Zb †ewUb eyov AB‡jI †ewUb| B¾‡Zi Wi eywoiI _vKv PvB| B¾Z hvIqvi W‡iB †evaKwi wZwb nvU© †dBj K‡iwQ‡jb| Ôcix Avdvi cyqvi W‡iÕ †mB †cÖŠp eq‡mI wm‡bgv †`Lv‡K wb›`bxq g‡b K‡ibwb| †g‡q‡`i Zvwo‡q wb‡q †M‡Qb wm‡bgv n‡j| g‡i †eu‡P †M‡jb Ôcix Avdvi cyqviÕ mg‡MvÎxq‡`i nvZ †_‡K| AvjøvB B¾Z euvPv‡bIqvjv| ¯^vaxbZvi ci cixÿv w`‡Z wd‡i Av‡m †g‡qiv| †Kgb bxie cÖvYnxb †nv‡÷j| mvov †bBÑ kã †bB| †g‡q‡`iI †mB Av‡Mi †Kvjvnj †bB| ¯^Rb nviv‡bvi e¨_vq mevB †hb †evev n‡q †M‡Q| Avi †bB Lvjv¤§vi mKvj-mܨvi wPrKvi| †g‡qivB ïay bq, †hb †nv‡÷‡ji BU-KvV ch©šÍ †mB wPrKvi ïb‡Z Db¥yL| GZ bxieZvi fv‡i K¬všÍ mevB| Av-nv Lvjv¤§v hw` GKevi e‡j DV‡ZbÑ dzwob nKj beveRv`x! Avjøvn-Ly`vi bvg bvB, cwo cwo Nyg| I †ewUb Zzwg ZvBb co‡Z AvBQ bv wb›` hvB‡Z AvBQ †Mv? Zvivi wfwRUi AvB‡j KB‡Z ABe| W. ¸jkvb Aviv †QvUMíKvi

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cÖ_g Av‡jvq KjKvZv ZLb †`vUvbvq| GKw`‡K ga¨hyMxq bvbv ixwZbxwZ, wek¦v‡mi AuvPj cvZv| Ab¨w`‡K ZLb cvðvZ¨ wk¶vi cv‡j nvIqv jvM‡Q| †Kvb c‡_ †h PwjÑ GB ؇›Ø `uvwo‡q mgvR, mf¨Zv, ms¯‹…wZ I kni‡K †h KÕRb w`K&vb‡`©k Ki‡Z †P‡q‡Qb, Zuv‡`iB GKRb gnv-bvMwiK KvjxcÖmbœ wmsn| evOvwj, we‡klZ KjKvZvi evOvwj ZLb GK A™¢zZ mg‡q `uvwo‡q| GKw`‡K eveyiv cvqiv Iov‡bv, wbqwgZ MwYKvM„‡n hvZvqvZ A_ev †mLv‡bB Avevm evbv‡bv, evwo‡Z g‡`i †dvqviv †QvUv‡bv, evBwRb„‡Z¨i Avmi emv‡bvq e¨¯Í| Aíeqwmi `j Ô`y®‹g©-c‡¼Õ cwZZ| Avi wn›`ymgv‡Ri cÖwZ c`‡¶c wba©vwiZ nq wUwKavix‡`i ÔweavbÕ Abymv‡i| Avevi Ab¨w`‡K divwm wecø‡ei AwfNv‡Z gq`v‡b wM‡q wn›`y K‡j‡Ri GK`j co–qv weªwUk BDwbqb R¨vK bvwg‡q Iov‡jb wecø‡ei †ZiOv cZvKv! evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i †¶‡Î †ek K‡qKeQi nj Ck¦i ¸ß gviv wM‡q‡Qb| ÔAvaywbKÕ evsjv mvwnZ¨ Aek¨ nvgv¸wo w`‡Z ïiæ K‡i‡Q| cÖwZwôZ n‡q‡Q Ôwn›`y w_‡qUviÕ| mvwnZ¨ †_‡K mgvR, GgbB bvbv NvZ-cÖwZNv‡Z nuvmduvm Ki‡Q gnvbMi KjKvZv| 30

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Ggb GK m`¨ †evj wkL‡Z PvIqv bM‡iB †Rvovmuv‡Kvi evivYmx †Nvl w÷ª‡Ui weL¨vZ I wecyj abx wmsn cwiev‡i 1840-Gi †deªæqvwi‡Z Rb¥ wb‡jb GK gnv-bvMwiK KvjxcÖmbœ wmsn| evev b›`jvj wmsn, whwb mvZzwmsn bv‡gB cwiwPZ| gv ˆÎ‡jvK¨‡gvwnbx `vmx| wKš‘ fiv msmvi Kiv b›`jv‡ji Avi †ewk w`b nj KB? eQi Q‡q‡Ki †Q‡j, cwievi, Rwg`vwi me †i‡L 1846-G K‡jivq g„Zy¨ nj AZ¨šÍ †kŠwLb b›`jv‡ji| QÕeQ‡ii KvjxcÖm‡bœi AwffveKZ¡ I Zuvi wecyj m¤úwËi †`Lfv‡ji Rb¨ GwM‡q G‡jb cowk, wePviK niP›`ª †Nvl| wKš‘ evevi g„Zy¨i †R‡i KvjxcÖm‡bœi evj¨wk¶vq †h we‡kl evav Dcw¯’Z nj, GgbUv bq| Z‡e ¯‹z‡j gvivgvwi, VvÆv-BqvwK© Avi nBû‡jøvv‡o G †Q‡ji Rywo †gjv fvi| K¬v‡mI cov‡kvbv Kg, †m m‡eB †g‡Z _v‡K †Q‡jUv| GKw`b K¬v‡m wk¶K gb w`‡q Kx GKUv cov‡”Qb| AvPgKv GK QvÎ †hb dzuwc‡q DVj| ÔKx e¨vcvi?Õ Rvb‡Z PvB‡jb wk¶K| gv_vq †ek fvj iKg GKLvbv PuvwU c‡o‡Q QvÎwUi| †g‡i‡Q wmsnevwoi IB `yóz †Q‡jUvB| Ô†Kb Ggb KvÐ?Õ wk¶K‡K KvjxcÖm‡bœi mUvb Reve, Ôgnvkq! Avwg RvwZ‡Z wmsn, RvZxq ¯^fve Z¨vM Ki‡Z cvwiwb| ZvB G‡K †g‡iwQ!Õ Avm‡j ÔcvVkvjv hgvjq n‡ZI fqvbKÕ, G K_v û‡Zvg wK ZLbB ey‡SwQ‡jb?

Gfv‡eB K¬vm Ki‡Z Ki‡Z 1857q cÖvwZôvwbK wk¶vi cvV PzwK‡q w`‡jb wn›`y K‡j‡Ri wKQzw`‡bi QvÎ KvjxcÖmbœ| Avm‡j cÖvwZôvwbK wk¶vi c‡¶ G †Q‡j‡K †eu‡a ivLv m¤¢e wQj bv| Zvi cov‡kvbvi avivUv †h †m Lv‡Z eq bv| evwoi mywk¶vi cwi‡ek B‡”Q gZ cov‡kvbvi cv‡j nvIqv †RvMvj| †Uv‡j cwЇZi Kv‡Q ms¯‹…Z, DBwjqvg KvK©c¨vwUªK mv‡n‡ei Kv‡Q Bs‡iwR cov ïiæ| `yB fvlv‡ZB †Pv¯Í n‡q DVj †Q‡jwU| m½Z w`j evwo‡Z _vKv wecyj eBc‡Îi m¤¢viI| cvkvcvwk Pj‡Z _vKj VvKzigv Avi gv‡qi wk¶vI| we‡kl K‡i evsjv wk¶v| ms¯‹…Z Ôgy»‡evaÕ-G `o nIqvi m‡½ m‡½ gv-VvKzigvi gy‡L †Q‡jwU ïb‡Z _vKj K…wËevm, Kvkxivg `vm m„ó gnvKv‡e¨i Abyev`I| ï‡bB gyL¯’ nq †hb mewKQz| Avm‡j Ôwd cqviÕ wcQz GKwU K‡i m‡›`k †g‡j †h gv‡qi KvQ †_‡K! cÖf‚Z m¤úwË, Z‡ZvwaK wk¶vi AwaKvix n‡qI Dwbk kZ‡Ki ga¨fv‡Mi eveyqvwb ev †fKaiv cvðvZ¨-Abymi‡Y †f‡m †M‡jb bv KvjxcÖmbœ| Avi ZvB †gvUv Pv`i, aywZ Avi PwUB nj Zuvi ev‡n¨i AveiY! Gfv‡eB KLb †hb ˆK‡kvi †_‡K ax‡i ax‡i Zviæ‡Y¨i †Rvqv‡i fvm‡jb KvjxcÖmbœ| Avi GB †e‡o IVvi GK duv‡KB gvÎ eQi 14 eq‡m we‡qi wcu‡oq em‡jb evey KvjxcÖmbœ| cvÎx Ôi½cy‡ii m`i AvwgbÕ †eYxgvae emyi Kb¨v fzeb‡gvwnbx `vmx| wKš‘ †m †LjvNi wUKj bv| we‡qi wKQz w`b ev‡`B fzeb‡gvwnbxi g„Zy¨ nj| c‡i ivRv cÖmbœbvivqY †`‡ei †`ŠwnÎx kirKzgvi `vmxi m‡½ †di we‡q| wKš‘ GB `v¤ú‡Z¨i exYv †Kvb my‡i †e‡R‡Q, †m m¤ú‡K© BwZnvm G hver †Zgb K_v e‡j bv| Z‡e KvjxcÖm‡bœi g„Zy¨i c‡i Zuvi åvZz®úyÎ weRqP›`ª‡K `ËK †bb kirKzgvix| Avm‡j KvjxcÖm‡bœi ÔevB‡ii RxebÕ GZ †ewk we¯Í…Z †h, Zuvi AšÍR©xe‡bi †LuvR Kivi gZ AeKvkI nq‡Zv KviI wQj bv| †mB we¯Í…Z Rxeb mvwnZ¨, mgvR, wePviK mËv, cwÎKv m¤úv`bv, bvU¨ms¯‹vi, Abyev`Kg©, `vba¨vb, mfvmwgwZ-mn AviI bvbv wKQzi Vvm ey‡bv‡U euvav| wKš‘ G me Kv‡Ri AšÍiv‡jB i‡q‡Q ¯^‡`k, ¯^RvwZi cÖwZ wmsneveyi Mfxi ggZv|

cÖwZev‡`i cÖni

GB ggZv KLbI KLbI cÖwZev‡`I cÖKvwkZ| †ZgbB GKwU NUbv| `xbeÜy wg‡Îi bxj`c©Y weªwUk mvgªv‡R¨i bxwZ‡K cÖ‡kœi gy‡L `uvo Kwi‡q‡Q| Gi Bs‡iwR Abyev` cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb †ifv‡iÛ †Rgm jO| gvgjv n‡q‡Q mywcÖg †Kv‡U©i wePvicwZ m¨i gvW©v›U I‡q‡j&mi GRjv‡m|

GB wePvicwZ evOvwj m¤c‡K© AZ¨šÍ †bwZevPK g‡bvfve wb‡q P‡jb| cÖvqB wePvicwZi Avmb †_‡K e‡jb, ÔevOvwj wg_¨vev`x, cÖZviK|Õ gvgjv‡ZI Zuvi GB gvbwmKZv cÖwZdwjZ nj| jO mv‡n‡ei GK gvm Kvivevm I GK nvRvi UvKv Rwigvbvi wb‡`©k w`‡jb IB wePvicwZ| wKš‘ GB wb‡`©‡ki Zxeª cÖwZwµqv nj evOvwj-gvb‡m| Rwigvbvi UvKv KvjxcÖmbœB w`‡jb| Z‡e IB wePvicwZ‡K wk¶v w`‡Z ivRv ivavKvšÍ †`‡ei bvUgw›`‡i emj GK weivU mfv| KvjxcÖmbœ †Zv e‡UB, G‡jb Ck¦iP›`ª we`¨vmvMi, hZx›`ª‡gvnb VvKzi, beve AvmMi Avwj Luv, †`‡e›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii g‡Zv e¨w³Z¡I| A‡b‡KB Aek¨ cv‡Q ivR‡iv‡l c‡ob, GB †f‡e Gwo‡qI †M‡jb †m mfv| IB mfv †_‡KB I‡q‡j&mi weiæ‡× Zxeª fvlvq mie n‡jb KvjxcÖmbœ| IB wePvicwZi weiæ‡× e¨e¯’vi `vwe‡Z cÖvq KzwonvRvi †jv‡Ki mB msewjZ Av‡e`bcÎ cvVv‡bv nj Bsj¨v‡Û †m‡µUvwi Ae †÷U Pvj©m D‡Wi Kv‡Q| I‡qj&m m¤c‡K© DW mZK©evZ©v cvVv‡jb Mfb©i †Rbv‡ij‡K!

mr-wePvi

wKš‘ ïay Bs‡i‡Ri wePvi e¨e¯’vi weiæ‡× mie nIqvB bq, †mB e¨e¯’vi A½ n‡q G‡K †kvaiv‡ZI PvB‡jb KvjxcÖmbœ| 23 eQi eq‡m n‡jb A‰eZwbK g¨vwR‡÷ªU I ÔRvw÷m Ad wcmÕ| Avi †mB Avm‡b e‡mB G‡Ki ci GK `„óvšÍg~jK ivq †`Iqv ïiæ nj| Awf‡hvM GK: †UwiwU evRvi Acwi®‹vi Ki‡Qb ea©gv‡bi gnvivRv gnZvc Puv`| GB gnvivRv KvjxcÖm‡bœi we‡kl Kv‡Qi gvbyl| wb‡Ri eBI DrmM© K‡i‡Qb Zuv‡K| wKš‘ KvjxcÖmbœ ivq w`‡jb, me gqjv mvd bv nIqv ch©šÍ wd w`b 50 UvKv K‡i Rwigvbv †`‡eb gnvivRv| Awf‡hvM `yB: KjKvZvi evRv‡i K‡qKRb e¨emvqx Kg IR‡bi evULviv e¨envi Ki‡Qb| jvfI n‡”Q †``vi, K‡qK ¸Y †ewk| gvgjvi ïbvwb Pjj| ivq nj, Awfhy³ AvURb †`vKvb`vi cÖ‡Z¨‡K 25 UvKv K‡i Rwigvbv †`‡eb| wKš‘ ïay ivq`vb bq, wb‡Ri iv‡q †Kv_vI fzj n‡j Zv ms‡kvab K‡i wb‡ZI GB hyeK wePvicwZi we›`ygvÎ mgq jvMZ bv| †mvgcÖKvk cwÎKv G wel‡q mv¶¨ †`q| Awf‡hvM DVj, Wv³vi exUm‡bi Ôc‡KUewnÕ Pzwi K‡i‡Qb †Kivwb g‡nkP›`ª `vm| mew`K wePvi K‡i g‡nkP‡›`ªi Kvivev‡mi wb‡`©k w`‡jb KvjxcÖmbœ| wKš‘ wKQzw`b c‡i †mB Ôewn A‡b¨i wbK‡U `„óÕ nq| m‡½ m‡½ wePviK EaŸ©Zb KZ©…c‡¶i Kv‡Q g‡nkP‡›`ªi gyw³ †P‡q wPwV wjL‡jb|

wmsn-Rwg`vi

Avm‡j wePvicwZ wn‡m‡e `y‡ói `gb, wk‡ói cvjb Ki‡Z †P‡q‡Qb KvjxcÖmbœ| Rwg`vi wn‡m‡eI Zv-B| wKš‘ Zv Ki‡Z wM‡q wZwb GKwU Awfav †c‡jb, ÔwUKxKvUv Rwg`viÕ| †jvKgy‡L Mí cÖPvwiZ nj, KvjxcÖmbœ bvwK eªvþY cwÐZ‡`i Ôekxf‚Z Kwiqv Zuvnvw`‡Mi wUwK µq Kwi‡Zb, c‡i H¸wj KvwUqv jBqv Avjgvwi‡Z mvRvBqv ivwL‡Zb|Õ GgbwK †m¸wj KZ UvKvq †Kbv, †mB Z_¨ GKwU †QvÆ wPiKz‡U wj‡L Zv mswkøó KvUv wUwKi m‡½ muvUv‡bv nZ! wKš‘ G me MíB AZ¨šÍ AwZiwÄZ| Gi cÖgvY †`b AN©¨ cwÎKvi m¤úv`K Ag~j¨PiY †mb| g~j NUbvI wZwbB Rvbvb| NUbvUv GgbÑ KvjxcÖm‡bœi evwo‡Z GKevi Kx GKUv eªZcvjb Pj‡Q| †mB Dcj‡¶ GK eªvþY‡K Mvfx `vb Kiv n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ Rwg`v‡ii Kv‡Q Lei Gj, c‡_ †h‡Z †h‡ZB †mB Mvfx bvwK KmvB‡K wewµ K‡i w`‡q‡Qb †mB eªvþY| Gi kvw¯Í¯^iƒc IB eªvþY‡K †W‡K Ô¯^n‡¯Í Zvnvi wUwK KvwUqv j‡qbÕ Rwg`vigkvB| wKš‘ GB Rwg`viB Avevi cÖRvi AwaKv‡ii mc‡¶ K_v e‡jb| Rwg`vi WvK‡jB cÖRv‡K Avm‡Z n‡e, cÖRvi evwo †_‡K avb jyU, G m‡eiI P‚ovšÍ we‡ivwaZv †kvbv hvq Zuvi KvQ †_‡K|

AvgviB evsjv

ïay cÖRvi avb I abi¶vi mc‡¶B bq, cÖRvi Z_v †`‡ki gy‡Li fvlvi

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cÖwZI GgbB ggZv KvjxcÖm‡bœi| Avi ZvB Ôe½fvlvi Abykxj‡biÕ Rb¨ ˆZwi K‡ib GKwU ÔwW‡ewUs K¬veÕ| c‡i hv Ôwe‡`¨vrmvwnbx mfvÕ bv‡g cwiwPZ nq| GB mfv †_‡KB cÖKvwkZ nq KvjxcÖmbœ m¤úvw`Z we‡`¨vrmvwnbx cwÎKv| fvlv I mvwn‡Z¨i cÖwZ `vqe×Zvi Kvi‡Y GB mfv cÖeÜ cÖwZ‡hvwMZviI Av‡qvRb Kij| Dwbk kZ‡Ki gvSvgvwS nIqv Gme cÖwZ‡hvwMZvi cyi¯‹vi g~j¨ `yÕwZb‡kv UvKv! Iwi‡q›Uvj †mwgbvwii PviRb Qv·K †Zv fvj evsjv †jLvi Rb¨ †g‡WjB †`Iqv nj| G m‡ei Rb¨ Li‡Pi meUvB Aek¨ Av‡m evey KvjxcÖm‡bœi c‡KU †_‡K| Ômgy`q e¨qÕ enb K‡i A‡b¨i †jLv cÖKv‡kI (†hgb, b~Zb cy¯ÍK, nwi‡gvnb ¸‡ßi kKzšÍjv Abyev` BZ¨vw`) D‡`¨vMx nb KvjxcÖmbœ| G Qvov me©ZË¡ cÖKvwkKv cÖKvk, weweav_© msMÖn, ˆ`wbK Le‡ii KvMR cwi`k©K m¤úv`bv Ges bvbv fvlvi cÎcwÎKv cÖKv‡k Avw_©K mvnvh¨... i‡q‡Q †m meI| RM‡b¥vnb ZK©vj¼vi I g`b‡gvnb †Mv¯^vgxi ïiæ Kiv cwi`k©KGi m¤úv`bvi `vwqZ¡ †bIqvi c‡i KvjxcÖmbœ †h wZbwU cÖwZÁv evOvwj cvV‡Ki Kv‡Q Ki‡jb, Zv mvsevw`KZv Ges msev`-M‡`¨i Rb¨ AZ¨šÍ Riæwi| cÖwZÁv wZbwU, ÔmZ¨c_ nB‡Z wePwjZÕ bv nIqv, Ô†Kvb wel‡qi AwZ eY©bv bvÕ †`Iqv Ges Ôc¶cvZ‡`v‡lÕi †QuvqvP euvwP‡q Pjvi| evsjv fvlv I mgv‡Ri DbœwZi Rb¨I GB wZbwU cÖwZÁv AZ¨šÍ Riæwi| †mB cÖ‡qvRbxqZv ey‡SB ZvB nq‡Zv weZK© n‡e †R‡bI weweav_© msMÖ‡n gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `‡Ëi †gNbv`ea Kve¨, eªRv½bv Kve¨, `xbeÜyi bxj`c©Y-Gi mgv‡jvPbv Ki‡jb wZwb| †gNbv`ea cÖm‡½ wjL‡jb, evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ Ggb Kve¨ †h †jLv †h‡Z cv‡i, Zv Ô...†eva nq, mi¯^ZxI ¯^‡cœ Rvwb‡Zb bv|Õ ïay ZvB bq, mgmvgwqK cwÎKv¸wj hLb †gNbv`ea-Gi gyÐcvZ Ki‡Q, ZLb we‡`¨vrmvwnbx mfv GK g½j-mܨvq gvB‡Kj‡K msea©bvI Rvbvj!

GgbwK †mB Avg‡ji AZ¨šÍ weZwK©Z bxj`c©Y bvU‡Ki wØZxq ms¯‹iYwU cÖKvk K‡i webvg~‡j¨ Zv Rbmvavi‡Yi g‡a¨ weZi‡Yi e¨e¯’vI Ki‡jb KvjxcÖmbœ| Z‡e G KvR hZUv ¯^‡`‡ki Rb¨, ZZUvB Zuvi bvU¨‡cÖ‡gi Rb¨I| †mB bvU¨‡cÖg †Kgb, Zv eyS‡Z †M‡j `ªæZ 1857-q hvIqv Riæwi| GB eQiwU fviZe‡l©i BwZnv‡m wmcvwn we‡`ªv‡ni m~Îcv‡Zi mgq wn‡m‡e wPwýZ| wKš‘ cvkvcvwk evsjv w_‡qUv‡ii RM‡ZI GwU GKwU HwZnvwmK eQi| KviY, GeQi cici wZbwU bvU¨kvjv ˆZwi nq| GKwU KjKvZvi wmgjvq Avï‡Zvl †`‡ei evwo‡Z, GKwU ivgRq emv‡Ki PoKWvOvi evwo‡Z Ges Ab¨wU evey KvjxcÖm‡bœi evwo‡Z| KvjxcÖm‡bœi evwoi bvU¨kvjv A_©vr we‡`¨vrmvwnbx i½g‡Âi c_Pjv ïiæ †eYxmsnvi bvU‡Ki Awfbq w`‡q| †mB Awfbq †`L‡Z G‡jb wePvicwZ Av_©vi eyjvi, fviZ miKv‡ii cÖavb mwPe wmwmj weWb-mn AviI A‡b‡K| msea©bv wgjj me©Î| GB msea©bv I Drmv‡ni e‡kB KvjxcÖmbœ Abyev` Ki‡jb weµ‡gveŸ©kx bvUK| Z‡e Zvi Av‡MB gvÎ 14 eQi eq‡m wj‡L †d‡j‡Qb cÖnmb evey bvUK| GB bvU‡Ki RbwcÖqZv GgbB †h, †mwUi me Kwc cÖKv‡ki gvÎ `yÕeQ‡ii g‡a¨ †kl n‡q †Mj| c‡i ax‡i ax‡i gvjZx gvae bvUK Abyev`, mvweÎx mZ¨evb †gŠwjK bvUK iPbvI K‡i‡Qb wZwb| Ggb bvU¨‡cÖ‡gi †Quvqv †`Lv †Mj Awfbq ixwZ‡ZI| wZwb cvðvZ¨ auv‡P ÔAvwfbvwqK cvVÕ-Gi cÖPvi Ki‡jb| Avevi weµ‡gveŸ©kx‡Z Avb‡jb AwgÎv¶i Q‡›`i LvwbK Avfvm! Gi wKQzw`b ev‡` cÙveZx bvU‡K GB Q›` wb‡q GwM‡q †M‡jb gvB‡Kj| ïay bvUK iPbv‡ZB kvšÍ _vKvi cvÎ bb KvjxcÖmbœ| Avi ZvB weµ‡gveŸ©kxi Awfb‡q cyiæievi Pwi‡Î i½g‡ÂI AeZxY© n‡jb| †mB Awfbq cÖm‡½ wn›`y †cwUªqU wjLj, ÔwnR wgb IqvR ivBU iq¨vj, A¨vÛ wnR f‡qm Uªywj Bw¤úwiqvj|Õ wKš‘ GB bvUK wb‡qB GKwU †Mvj euvaj| A‡b‡K wek¦vmB Ki‡Z cvi‡jb bv, KvjxcÖm‡bœi gZ GK ZiæY Abyev` K‡i‡Qb

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weµ‡gveŸ©kxi| GgbwK Bswjkg¨vb cwÎKvq cÖKvwkZ GKwU wPwV‡Z †jLv nj, Gi †jLK cwÐZ `xbbv_ kg©v| cÖwZev` Rvbvj wn›`y †cwUªqU| wjLj, ÔcwÐZ gnvkq ¯^qs m¤§y‡L Dcw¯’Z _vwKqv GB wg_¨v wb‡Ï©k A¯^xKvi Kwi‡Z‡Qb|Õ bvU‡Ki cvkvcvwk ARmª cÖeÜ Ges m‡e©vcwi û‡Zvg cu¨vPvi bKkvq (cÖ_g fv‡Mi cÖKvk 1862, cÖ_g I wØZxq fv‡Mi GKm‡½ cÖKvk 1864‡Z) KvjxcÖmbœ-KxwZ© Ab¨ D”PZvq †cŠuQj| Dwbk kZ‡Ki mgvR‡K, Zvi eveyqvbv‡K, †`vl-¸Y‡K `yg‡o-gyP‡o G‡Kev‡i gy‡Li fvlvq evOvwji mvg‡b nvwRi Ki‡jb wZwb| Ggb wK †h eªvþ‡`i m‡½ KvjxcÖm‡bœi Nwbô †hvM wQj, †mB ag©vej¤^x‡`iI cÖkœ Ki‡Z Qvo‡jb bv, ÔAvRKvj eªvþa‡g©i gg© †evSv fvi, evwo‡Z `y‡M©vrmeI n‡e Avevi wd eyaevi mgv‡R wM‡q P¶z gyw`ªZ K‡i govKvbœv Kuv`‡ZI n‡e|Õ Avm‡j ag© wb‡q bq, eis Gi e¨envwiK bvbv wKQz wb‡qB AvcwË KvjxcÖm‡bœi| wKš‘ GB bKkvi fvlv GKvav‡i †hgb cÖksmv †cj, †ZgbB wb›`vI RyUj †Xi| ¯^qs ew¼gP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨v‡qi g‡Z, Ôû‡Zvwg fvlv Amy›`i Ges †hLv‡b Akøxj bq, †mLv‡b cweÎZvk~b¨|Õ Z‡e evsjv M‡`¨i fvlv‡K mvevjK Ki‡Z I mvavi‡Yi Kv‡Q †cŠu‡Q †`Iqvi wbwi‡L û‡Zvwg fvlv‡K A¯^xKvi Kivi †KvbI Dcvq †bB|

Rbwn‡Z

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33

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†m‡Þ¤^i 2019

cyi‡bv, bZzb me evwo¸‡jvB G‡Kev‡i PzcPvc, kvšÍ n‡q cvkvcvwk `vuwo‡q Av‡Q| GZUzKzI kãI †bB| cÖwZUv evwo‡Z gvbyl¸‡jv eo kvwšÍ‡Z Ny‡gv‡”Q| K_Uv g‡b n‡ZB mvq‡bi g‡b nq, mwZ¨B wK mevB kvwšÍ‡Z Ny‡gv‡”Q, bv A‡b‡K Pvcv `ytL, Pvcv AkvwšÍ wb‡q weQvbv AuvK‡o c‡o Av‡Q! iv¯Ívi K‡ji mvg‡b mvwi mvwi evjwZ, Mvgjv ivZ †_‡KB jvBb w`‡q ivLv Av‡Q| †mLv‡bI †PuPv‡gwP, SMovSuvwUi cwiwPZ QweUv Abycw¯’Z| nVvr Zvi g‡b nq, †fvi‡ejvUv eo ggZvgq| †e`bv`» g‡b wKQzUv †hb kvwšÍi ¯úk© w`‡Z cv‡i| wZbZjvi GB Qv`Uv G‡Kev‡i RivRxY©| A‡bK RvqMv‡ZB cøv÷vi L‡m c‡o‡Q| GB cyi‡bv evwoi GKUv Ask Avjv`v K‡i ms¯‹vi Kiv LyeB wec¾bK| eû kwi‡Ki GZ eo evwo ms¯‹vi Ki‡Z †h wecyj A‡_©i cÖ‡qvRb Zv †RvMvo Kiv A‡b‡KiB mvg‡_¨©i evB‡i| hv‡`i Avevi mvg_¨© Av‡Q, Zviv †KDB GLv‡b _v‡K bv| wb‡R‡`i Ask fvov w`‡q Ab¨Î P‡j wM‡q‡Q| mvqbI GKUv mg‡q †QvULv‡Uv GKUv d¬¨vU wK‡b GLvb †_‡K P‡j hvIqvi D‡`¨vM ïiæ K‡iwQj| GLb †m me wPšÍvfvebv †Q‡o w`‡q‡Q| GB fvOv‡Pviv, BU evi Kiv Qv`Uv wKš‘ wKQzUv kÖx †c‡q‡Q mvq‡bi gvi kL Avi nv‡Zi ¯ú‡k©| Qv‡` mvwi mvwi U‡e dz‡ji MvQ| GLb bvbv i‡Oi giïwg dzj dz‡U Av‡Q U‡ei MvQ¸wj‡Z| mvqb eû w`b GB evMvbUvi w`‡K fvj K‡i ZvwK‡qI †`‡Lwb| AvR Qv‡` G‡m †`L‡Q| ZvB nq‡Zv AvR cvqPvwi Ki‡Z Zvi Lye fvjI jvM‡Q| jvj, njy`, †e¸wb dzj¸‡jv †hb †Pv‡Li g‡a¨ w`‡q Xz‡K g‡bi wfZi GKUv †Kvgj ¯úk© Qwo‡q w`‡”Q| nVvr Pg‡K I‡V †m| Qv‡`i GK †Kv‡Y U‡e dz‡U _vKv dzjUv †`‡L `ªæZcv‡q GwM‡q Av‡m| Kv‡Q G‡m †`‡L, Mvp meyR cvZvi g‡a¨ dz‡U Av‡Q GKUv njy‡`i Dci jvj wQ‡U †`Iqv dzj| dz‡ji Dci K‡qK †duvUv e„wói Rj, †hb K‡qK †duvUv AkÖæ| dzjUv‡K †`‡L mvq‡bi g‡b nq, DËi KjKvZvi GB Qv‡` Kvwj¤cs †b‡g G‡m‡Q|

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01 †m‡Þ¤^i 1914

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FwZ¡K NU‡Ki Amgvß Qwe wb‡q Av‡¶c

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†m‡Þ¤^i 2019

47

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†m‡Þ¤^i 2019

ˆmq` gyRZev Avjx 1926 wLª÷v‡ã kvwšÍwb‡KZb †_‡K weG wWwMÖ jvf K‡ib| Gici wZwb AvwjMo wek¦we`¨vj‡q hvb D”PZi wkÿv AR©‡bi Rb¨| †mLvb †_‡K `k©bkv¯¿ covi Rb¨ e„wË wb‡q Rvg©vwbi eb wek¦we`¨vj‡q hvb Zzjbvg~jK ag©Z‡Ë¡ M‡elYvi Rb¨| 1932 wLª÷v‡ã wZwb wW.wdj wWwMÖ jvf K‡ib| 1934-1935 wLª÷v‡ã wZwb wgk‡i Kvq‡ivi Avj AvRnvi wek¦we`¨vj‡q cov‡kvbv K‡ib| AvwjMo wek¦we`¨vj‡q cov †kl K‡i 1927 †_‡K 1929 wLª÷vã ch©šÍ gyRZev Avjx Kvey‡ji wk¶v`߇i Aa¨vcbv K‡ib| †mLv‡b wZwb Bs‡iwR I divwm fvlvi wk¶K wQ‡jb| 1935 wLª÷v‡ã e‡iv`vi gnvivRvi Avgš¿‡Y wZwb e‡iv`v K‡j‡R Zzjbvg~jK ag©Z‡Ë¡i Aa¨vcK wn‡m‡e †hvM †`b| GLv‡b wZwb AvU eQi KvUvb| Gici w`wjø­i wk¶v gš¿Yvj‡q †hvM †`b| cieZ©xKv‡j 1949 mv‡j ZrKvjxb c~e©-cvwK¯Ív‡bi e¸ovi AvwRRyj nK K‡j‡R Aa¨¶ wn‡m‡e †hvM`vb K‡ib| Gici wZwb KjKvZv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi BmjvwgK ÷vwWR wefv‡Mi LÐKvjxb cÖfvl‡Ki `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib| wZwb cÂv‡ki `k‡K wKQzw`b AvKvkevYxi cvUbv, KUK, KjKvZv Ges w`wjø‡Z †÷kb wW‡i±‡ii `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib| 1961 wLª÷v‡ã wZwb kvwšÍwb‡KZ‡b cÖZ¨veZ©b K‡ib Ges wek¦fviZxi BmjvwgK ÷vwWR wefv‡Mi wiWvi c‡` †hvM †`b| 1965 wLª÷v‡ã wZwb AemiMÖnY K‡ib| kvwšÍwb‡KZ‡b covi mgq †mLv‡bi wek¦fviZx bv‡gi n¯ÍwjwLZ g¨vMvwR‡b gyRZev Avjx wbqwgZ wjL‡Zb| cieZ©xKv‡j wZwb ÔmZ¨cxiÕ, ÔIgi ˆLqvgÕ, Ô†UKPuv`Õ, ÔwcÖq`k©xÕ cÖf…wZ QÙbv‡g wewfbœ cÎ-cwÎKvq, †hgbÑ †`k, Avb›`evRvi, emygZx, mZ¨hyM, †gvnv¤§`x cÖf…wZ‡Z Kjvg wjL‡Zb| eû †`k åg‡Yi AwfÁZv †_‡K wZwb wj‡L‡Qb AmsL¨ ig¨ ågYKvwnwb| GQvovI wj‡L‡Qb †QvUMí, Dcb¨vm, ig¨iPbv| wewea fvlv †_‡K †køvK I iƒc‡Ki h_v_© e¨envi, nvm¨im m„wó‡Z cvi`wk©Zv Ges Gi ga¨ w`‡q Mfxi Rxeb‡eva dzwU‡q †Zvjvi ¶gZv Zuv‡K evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ GK we‡kl gh©v`vi Avm‡b ewm‡q‡Q| Zuvi iwPZ eB‡qi msL¨v 30| Zuvi ågYKvwnwbmg~‡ni g‡a¨ †`‡k we‡`‡k (1949) (Kveyj kn‡ii Kvwnbx wb‡q †jLv) I R‡j Wv½vq (1960) weL¨vZ| Dcb¨vmmg~‡ni g‡a¨ Awek¦vm¨ (1954), kebg (1960), kniBqvi (1969) LyeB RbwcÖq| †QvUMí msKj‡bi g‡a¨ PvPv Kvwnbx (1952), Uzwb †gg (1964), cÂZš¿ (1952), gq~iKÉx (1957) D‡jøL‡hvM¨| ig¨iPbv wn‡m‡e cÂZš¿ (1952) I gq~iKÉx (1957) we‡kl D‡jø‡Li `vwe iv‡L| Mígvjvi g‡a¨ Av‡Q ivRv DwRi, a~cQvqv, †e‡P _vK mw`©-Kvwk, cybð, cv`UxKv, Zx_©nxbv, K‡Y©j, iv¶mx, weaev weevn, K¨v‡d-†`†Rwb, gv Rbbx, †ej Zz‡j `y-`yevi, ¯^qseiv I im‡Mvjøv| 1949 wLª÷v‡ã wZwb biwmsn `vm cyi¯‹vi jvf K‡ib| 1961 wLª÷v‡ã Zuv‡K Avb›` cyi¯‹v‡i f‚wlZ Kiv nq| mvwnZ¨ †¶‡Î we‡kl Ae`vb ivLvq evsjv‡`k miKvi 2005 mv‡j Zuv‡K gi‡YvËi GKz‡k c`‡K f‚wlZ K‡i| ˆmq` gyRZev Avjx 1974 wLª÷v‡ãi 11 †deªæqvwi XvKvi wcwR nvmcvZv‡j g„Zy¨eiY K‡ib| wbR¯^ cÖwZ‡e`b

1949 mv‡j ZrKvjxb c~e©-cvwK¯Ív‡bi e¸ovi AvwRRyj nK K‡j‡R Aa¨¶ wn‡m‡e †hvM`vb K‡ib| Gici wZwb KjKvZv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi BmjvwgK ÷vwWR wefv‡Mi LÐKvjxb cÖfvl‡Ki `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib| wZwb cÂv‡ki `k‡K wKQzw`b AvKvkevYxi cvUbv, KUK, KjKvZv Ges w`wjø‡Z †÷kb wW‡i±‡ii `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib| 1961 wLª÷v‡ã wZwb kvwšÍwb‡KZ‡b cÖZ¨veZ©b K‡ib Ges wek¦fviZxi BmjvwgK ÷vwWR wefv‡Mi wiWvi c‡` †hvM †`b|

h‡kv‡i evsjv‡`k-fviZ AvBwU mn‡hvwMZvwelqK Kg©kvjvq nvB Kwgkbvi

e½eÜz †kL gywReyi ingvb‡K AvBwRwmwmÕi D‡`¨v‡M ¯§iY

wWwW-wd« wW‡ki gva¨‡g fvi‡Z wewUwfi Abyôvb m¤úªPvi

AvBwRwmwmÕi D‡`¨v‡M jvjb msMxZvbyôvb

28 AvM÷ 2019 h‡kv‡i †kL nvwmbv mdU&Iq¨vi †UK‡bvjwR cvK© wgjbvqZ‡b Ôevsjv‡`k-fviZ AvBwU I D™¢veb †ÿ‡Î mn‡hvwMZv I m¤¢vebvÕ kxl©K w`be¨vcx Kg©kvjvq we‡kl AwZw_ fviZxq nvB Kwgkbvi kÖxgZx ixfv Mv½ywj `v‡ki m‡½ cÖavb AwZw_ evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii AvBwmwUwelqK cÖwZgš¿x Rbve RybvB` Avn‡g` cjK

2 †m‡Þ¤^i 2019 ivgcyiv¯’ evsjv‡`k †Uwjwfk‡bi †K›`ªxq Kvh©vj‡q wWwW-wd« wW‡ki gva¨‡g fvi‡Z wewUwfi Abyôvb m¤úªPv‡ii D‡Øvabx Abyôv‡b we‡kl AwZw_ wn‡m‡e XvKvq wbhy³ fviZxq nvB Kwgkbvi kÖxgZx ixfv Mv½ywj `v‡ki †hvM`vb

30 AvM÷ 2019 mܨv mv‡o 6Uvq evsjv‡`k RvZxq Rv`yN‡ii cÖavb wgjbvqZ‡b e½xq ms¯‹…wZ msm‡`i mn‡hvwMZvq Bw›`iv MvÜx mvs¯‹…wZK †K›`ª fviZxq nvB Kwgkb, XvKvi evsjv‡`‡ki cÖL¨vZ wkíx‡`i KweZv I Mvb cwi‡ekbvi ga¨ w`‡q e½eÜz †kL gywReyi ingvb‡K ¯§iY

6 †m‡Þ¤^i 2019 AvBwRwmwm wgjbvqZ‡b Bw›`iv MvÜx mvs¯‹…wZK †K›`ª fviZxq nvB Kwgkb, XvKv Av‡qvwRZ jvjb msMxZ mܨvq evsjv‡`‡ki cÖL¨vZ wkíx dwi`v cvifx‡bi Abb¨ cwi‡ekbv `k©K‡`i gš¿gy» K‡i

Regd. No. DA 355 Bharat Bichitra September 2019

fviZxq nvB Kwgk‡bi me©‡kl Z_¨ Rvb‡Z Avgv‡`i I‡qemvBU, †dmeyK, UzBUvi, Bb&÷vMÖvg I BDwUDe wbqwgZ wfwRU Kiæb, jvBK w`b I UzBU d‡jv Kiæb:

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