Villa in Nature 享·自然 —— 国际最新豪宅设计 高迪国际出版有限公司／主编
张海云 周川 许晓书／译
图书在版编目（CIP）数据 享·自然：国际最新豪宅设计 / 高迪国际出版有限公司主编；张海云等译. —南京：江苏人民出版社，2011.6 ISBN 978-7-214-07108-8 I. ①享…
II. ①高…②张…
III. ①住宅—建筑设计—世界—图集 IV. ①TU241-64
中国版本图书馆CIP数据核字（2011）第085748号
享·自然——国际最新豪宅设计
高迪国际出版有限公司
责任编辑：刘 焱 林 溪 责任监印：马 琳 排版设计：王立杨 出 版：江苏人民出版社（南京湖南路1号A楼 邮编：210009） 发 行：天津凤凰空间文化传媒有限公司 销售电话：022-87893668 网 址：http://www.ifengspace.cn 集团地址：凤凰出版传媒集团（南京湖南路1号A楼 邮编：210009） 经 销：全国新华书店 印 刷：深圳当纳利印刷有限公司 开 本：1016毫米×1210毫米 1/16 印 张：21 字 数：168千字 版 次：2011年6月第1版 印 次：2011年6月第1次印刷 书 号：ISBN 978-7-214-07108-8 定 价：288.00元 (USD 53.00) （本书若有印装质量问题，请向发行公司调换）
主编
na t r
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PREFACE
序言
As architects, we are entrusted with the responsibility to shape the building environment. We are called to do it effectively. We are also called to do it responsibly. Our designs impact how we live. They can affect the way we feel and affect how we work. They can also affect our ability to relax, while encouraging us to re-energize. Because this is true, architects are responsible for creating an environment that has the ability to promote our health and well-being. Our designs also have an impact on our surroundings, that is, both the natural and manmade context in which they’re placed. On the one hand, they use energy and resources to construct, operate, maintain, repair and restore. On the other, they make their mark on the fabric of our communities, requiring architects to study, respect and sustain contextual characteristics and features, and design a place in response. As architects, we strive to find the proper balance between all these considerations to create an artful, yet healthy and sustainable living environment. We often associate the subject of sustainability with materials that might be labeled as “green” or perhaps, building systems that are highly technical. These are two of the more popular responses when asked to describe what is sustainable. Certainly, material choices for any project are important. They should be made with a level of sensitivity to their origin, the energy embodied in their fabrication, and the way in which they’re assembled and detailed so as to promote durability and longevity. Also, the choice in building systems is crucial—the manufacturing resources they use, their energy consumption and their required maintenance. However, health and sustainability in design is a much more rich and complex subject than material choices or technical building systems alone. In this book, you’ll find a collection of international luxurious homes focused on a sustainable design approach different from what’s considered popular. It’s an approach that is familiar and elegant, while being sensible, sensitive and refreshingly simple. It’s an approach that doesn’ t necessarily rely on highly technical systems or experimental materials, but bases its effectiveness on the fundamentals of time tested and understated sustainable design principles. Some examples you will see include designs that carefully consider how the building sits on the land, views, prevailing breezes, site features and orientation to the sun. Designing with sensitivity to these existing natural elements not only offers an opportunity to conserve energy by promoting natural light and ventilation, but lifts our spirits by making us feel better connected to our natural surroundings. They include a design approach that encourages a strong inside-outside relationship, fostering therapeutic affects of an evening sunset, a rhythmic ocean or a tranquil forest. Conversely, the design may discourage the outside from entering in, with the intent to make us feel secure and safe. Whether real or implied, this too can be seen as a simple sustainable approach, in heightening our sense of well-being. Other examples develop their designs around a special site feature, such as a rolling hill, a surprising rock outcropping or an old growing tree. By preserving their characters, not only does the home feel in union with its surroundings, but also the features, by shaping the architecture, add depth to the design story. Lastly, you’ll find examples of homes using simple, familiar and durable materials, such as stone, wood, steel, glass and concrete. The permanence of their materials rejects the wasteful notion of temporary. Having a closer look, you’ll find that they are not only the materials familiar and durable, but also assembled in a highly detailed and skillful way, and that they are the details executed with exceptional care and craft, which are meant to stand the test of time. It is our responsibility as architects to respond to the call for a healthy and sustainable building environment. I hope you to find delight in the following pages showcasing architects who have elegantly responded with an artful, yet simple solution to this design problem. May they be a source of inspiration for you, and may they be a source of encouragement for the next generation to enjoy a lifestyle of health and sustainability.
作为建筑设计师，我们负有塑造当今建 筑环境的责任。 我们要有效并负责任地将这件事情做好。 我们的设计影响到公众的衣食住行、感知和工作方式，甚至在鼓励公众重振精神的同时， 也会影响到其自我放松的能力。因此，建筑设计师有责任创造一个能够促进公众健康和幸福的环境。 我们的设计对周边环境也是有影响的，包括自然环境和出自建筑设计师之手的人造环境。一方面，设计使用 了能源、资源去建造、操作、维护、修护和修复；另一方面，设计在公共社区的建筑上留下了痕迹，建筑设计师在尊重和 维护周边环境特征的前提下，认真钻研，创造出一个个和谐而美丽的空间。 作为建筑设计师，我们尽力寻找所有考虑因素之间的适当平衡，力求创造出一个设计巧妙、健康而又可持续的生活环境。 我们常常会把可持续性的主题与那些或许标有“绿色”或是建造高科技系统的材料联系到一起。这是当有人问到如何描述“什么是可 持续性”时两个最通俗的回答。 当然，对于任何项目，材料的选择非常重要。要对材料产地有一定的敏感度，对材料构造所产生的能量、材料组装的方式和每个组装中的每 个细节做出选择，最终达到提高材料耐用性和寿命的目的。在搭建住宅结构时，材料的选择、所使用的生产资源和能源的消耗，以及材料所需的维护 也至关重要。 然而，建筑设计的健康和可持续性是一个比单一的材料选择和技术性的建筑结构更加丰富和复杂的主题。 在本书中，读者将会看到一批体现可持续性设计方案的国际豪宅，它们与之前受到普遍欢迎的设计有所不同。它们既熟悉又优雅，同时又合乎情理、 敏锐和极其清爽简单。它们不一定依赖于高科技架构或是实验性材料，但却把其有效性建立在“经得起时间考验”的基本原则和一直都没有被给予充分重视 的“可持续性设计原则”之上。 本书中的一些经典案例，包括如何认真且充分考虑住宅的地基、周围的景色、盛行的风向、占地的特色和住宅的朝向而完成设计。建筑设计师对这些已 有自然元素的敏感，不仅为通过促进自然光线的射入和室内通风来节约能源提供了机会，而且通过使公众与自然环境更好地接触而令其心旷神怡。比如，本 书中鼓励一种反映内外部强烈关系的设计方案，营造出具有傍晚的夕阳、韵律的海洋，或者寂静的森林的空间氛围，旨在使居住者能够在此疗养身心。相 反，该设计会阻止外部事物进入内部空间，目的是让居住者受到保护，感到安全。不管是真实的还是含蓄的，这些都是旨在提高公众幸福感的简单且持续 性的设计方案。 有些其他案例是依据其选址的特征而设计的，例如，波状丘陵地形、露出地面的奇异岩石，或者一株健在的古树。通过保留其选址的特征，不 仅使住宅和环境融为一体，还赋予其设计故事的深度。 最后，读者将会看到这样几幢住宅：它们的建造利用了简单、常见且持久耐用的材料，例如，石料、木材、钢材、玻璃和水泥。建筑材料 的持久性免去了临时建筑的浪费。走近一看，便会发现，不仅建筑材料常见耐用，而且它们的建造是极具复杂性和技术性的，并被给予细 节上的特殊关注，极其精细，因此能够经得住时间的考验。 对建筑环境的健康和可持续发展负责，这是我们作为建筑设计师的责任。 希望读者能够喜欢本书中的建筑设计师。对于设计问题，他们总能优雅地给出巧妙而简洁的设计方案。希望他们的 设计能够成为读者的灵感之源，同时成为下一代拥有一个健康的生活方式和可持续的生活环境的鼓励之源。
—Christopher Kempel, AIA
——克里斯托弗•凯姆派尔（美国建筑设计师协会）
PREFACE
序言
As architects, we are entrusted with the responsibility to shape the building environment. We are called to do it effectively. We are also called to do it responsibly. Our designs impact how we live. They can affect the way we feel and affect how we work. They can also affect our ability to relax, while encouraging us to re-energize. Because this is true, architects are responsible for creating an environment that has the ability to promote our health and well-being. Our designs also have an impact on our surroundings, that is, both the natural and manmade context in which they’re placed. On the one hand, they use energy and resources to construct, operate, maintain, repair and restore. On the other, they make their mark on the fabric of our communities, requiring architects to study, respect and sustain contextual characteristics and features, and design a place in response. As architects, we strive to find the proper balance between all these considerations to create an artful, yet healthy and sustainable living environment. We often associate the subject of sustainability with materials that might be labeled as “green” or perhaps, building systems that are highly technical. These are two of the more popular responses when asked to describe what is sustainable. Certainly, material choices for any project are important. They should be made with a level of sensitivity to their origin, the energy embodied in their fabrication, and the way in which they’re assembled and detailed so as to promote durability and longevity. Also, the choice in building systems is crucial—the manufacturing resources they use, their energy consumption and their required maintenance. However, health and sustainability in design is a much more rich and complex subject than material choices or technical building systems alone. In this book, you’ll find a collection of international luxurious homes focused on a sustainable design approach different from what’s considered popular. It’s an approach that is familiar and elegant, while being sensible, sensitive and refreshingly simple. It’s an approach that doesn’ t necessarily rely on highly technical systems or experimental materials, but bases its effectiveness on the fundamentals of time tested and understated sustainable design principles. Some examples you will see include designs that carefully consider how the building sits on the land, views, prevailing breezes, site features and orientation to the sun. Designing with sensitivity to these existing natural elements not only offers an opportunity to conserve energy by promoting natural light and ventilation, but lifts our spirits by making us feel better connected to our natural surroundings. They include a design approach that encourages a strong inside-outside relationship, fostering therapeutic affects of an evening sunset, a rhythmic ocean or a tranquil forest. Conversely, the design may discourage the outside from entering in, with the intent to make us feel secure and safe. Whether real or implied, this too can be seen as a simple sustainable approach, in heightening our sense of well-being. Other examples develop their designs around a special site feature, such as a rolling hill, a surprising rock outcropping or an old growing tree. By preserving their characters, not only does the home feel in union with its surroundings, but also the features, by shaping the architecture, add depth to the design story. Lastly, you’ll find examples of homes using simple, familiar and durable materials, such as stone, wood, steel, glass and concrete. The permanence of their materials rejects the wasteful notion of temporary. Having a closer look, you’ll find that they are not only the materials familiar and durable, but also assembled in a highly detailed and skillful way, and that they are the details executed with exceptional care and craft, which are meant to stand the test of time. It is our responsibility as architects to respond to the call for a healthy and sustainable building environment. I hope you to find delight in the following pages showcasing architects who have elegantly responded with an artful, yet simple solution to this design problem. May they be a source of inspiration for you, and may they be a source of encouragement for the next generation to enjoy a lifestyle of health and sustainability.
作为建筑设计师，我们负有塑造当今建 筑环境的责任。 我们要有效并负责任地将这件事情做好。 我们的设计影响到公众的衣食住行、感知和工作方式，甚至在鼓励公众重振精神的同时， 也会影响到其自我放松的能力。因此，建筑设计师有责任创造一个能够促进公众健康和幸福的环境。 我们的设计对周边环境也是有影响的，包括自然环境和出自建筑设计师之手的人造环境。一方面，设计使用 了能源、资源去建造、操作、维护、修护和修复；另一方面，设计在公共社区的建筑上留下了痕迹，建筑设计师在尊重和 维护周边环境特征的前提下，认真钻研，创造出一个个和谐而美丽的空间。 作为建筑设计师，我们尽力寻找所有考虑因素之间的适当平衡，力求创造出一个设计巧妙、健康而又可持续的生活环境。 我们常常会把可持续性的主题与那些或许标有“绿色”或是建造高科技系统的材料联系到一起。这是当有人问到如何描述“什么是可 持续性”时两个最通俗的回答。 当然，对于任何项目，材料的选择非常重要。要对材料产地有一定的敏感度，对材料构造所产生的能量、材料组装的方式和每个组装中的每 个细节做出选择，最终达到提高材料耐用性和寿命的目的。在搭建住宅结构时，材料的选择、所使用的生产资源和能源的消耗，以及材料所需的维护 也至关重要。 然而，建筑设计的健康和可持续性是一个比单一的材料选择和技术性的建筑结构更加丰富和复杂的主题。 在本书中，读者将会看到一批体现可持续性设计方案的国际豪宅，它们与之前受到普遍欢迎的设计有所不同。它们既熟悉又优雅，同时又合乎情理、 敏锐和极其清爽简单。它们不一定依赖于高科技架构或是实验性材料，但却把其有效性建立在“经得起时间考验”的基本原则和一直都没有被给予充分重视 的“可持续性设计原则”之上。 本书中的一些经典案例，包括如何认真且充分考虑住宅的地基、周围的景色、盛行的风向、占地的特色和住宅的朝向而完成设计。建筑设计师对这些已 有自然元素的敏感，不仅为通过促进自然光线的射入和室内通风来节约能源提供了机会，而且通过使公众与自然环境更好地接触而令其心旷神怡。比如，本 书中鼓励一种反映内外部强烈关系的设计方案，营造出具有傍晚的夕阳、韵律的海洋，或者寂静的森林的空间氛围，旨在使居住者能够在此疗养身心。相 反，该设计会阻止外部事物进入内部空间，目的是让居住者受到保护，感到安全。不管是真实的还是含蓄的，这些都是旨在提高公众幸福感的简单且持续 性的设计方案。 有些其他案例是依据其选址的特征而设计的，例如，波状丘陵地形、露出地面的奇异岩石，或者一株健在的古树。通过保留其选址的特征，不 仅使住宅和环境融为一体，还赋予其设计故事的深度。 最后，读者将会看到这样几幢住宅：它们的建造利用了简单、常见且持久耐用的材料，例如，石料、木材、钢材、玻璃和水泥。建筑材料 的持久性免去了临时建筑的浪费。走近一看，便会发现，不仅建筑材料常见耐用，而且它们的建造是极具复杂性和技术性的，并被给予细 节上的特殊关注，极其精细，因此能够经得住时间的考验。 对建筑环境的健康和可持续发展负责，这是我们作为建筑设计师的责任。 希望读者能够喜欢本书中的建筑设计师。对于设计问题，他们总能优雅地给出巧妙而简洁的设计方案。希望他们的 设计能够成为读者的灵感之源，同时成为下一代拥有一个健康的生活方式和可持续的生活环境的鼓励之源。
—Christopher Kempel, AIA
——克里斯托弗•凯姆派尔（美国建筑设计师协会）
CONTENTS
盎录
Ontario Residence Charred Cedar House
33rd Street Residence Robinson House Quinta da Baronesa
Villa Hendrikx Marcus Beach House
Grecia House
Christie Beach Residence
Cliff House
Brick House
Cube House
Haus S
Wideopen Villa
Safe House
8
16
24
30
36
44
House 2 Project
Home For Life
Bahia House
Fish House
House at Rua Alabarda
Tan Residence
54
60
68
76
84
90 100 108
118
128
136
144 150
156 164
172
180 190
196
204 212
222
228
236
244
House 53
Villa Frenay
252
260
266
272
280
288 296 304
312 322
Bourke House
Openhouse House 6
T-House
Pryor
Casa en el Bosque
Mandeville Canyon Residence Mountain and Openings
Lake Travis Retreat
Villa3s
Kubler House Hill House (Nikolina Gora)
Carrillo Residence
Villa Old Oaks, Ljubljana Ormond Esplanade Residence
House on Fire Island
Fray Leon House Buisson Residence
CONTENTS
盎录
Ontario Residence Charred Cedar House
33rd Street Residence Robinson House Quinta da Baronesa
Villa Hendrikx Marcus Beach House
Grecia House
Christie Beach Residence
Cliff House
Brick House
Cube House
Haus S
Wideopen Villa
Safe House
8
16
24
30
36
44
House 2 Project
Home For Life
Bahia House
Fish House
House at Rua Alabarda
Tan Residence
54
60
68
76
84
90 100 108
118
128
136
144 150
156 164
172
180 190
196
204 212
222
228
236
244
House 53
Villa Frenay
252
260
266
272
280
288 296 304
312 322
Bourke House
Openhouse House 6
T-House
Pryor
Casa en el Bosque
Mandeville Canyon Residence Mountain and Openings
Lake Travis Retreat
Villa3s
Kubler House Hill House (Nikolina Gora)
Carrillo Residence
Villa Old Oaks, Ljubljana Ormond Esplanade Residence
House on Fire Island
Fray Leon House Buisson Residence
F ish House This modern tropical bungalow encapsulates the essence of living in the hot and humid climate of Singapore by creating open spaces which encourage natural ventilation and offer residents views to the ocean. The main design concept is to create a house which has close relationship with nature and this is achieved by having a swimmingpool linking the house with the landscape and ultimately visual connections with the sea.The idea of connection is reinforced by having the basement level media ro o m wi th a u - sh ap ed acrylic window which allows diffuse natural light in and also views out into the pool. The curved roofs, symbolizing the sea waves, also emphasize the idea of the nearby sea. These are almost totally covered with thin bendable photovoltaic panels supplying enough energy to the house, while the remaining area is used as a green ro o f gi vi n g residents some outdoor leisure spaces. Fish House is a modest yet luxurious residential design which gives residents opportunities to live in harmony and comfortably with nature.
Architect: Annesley Charles Wilkinson Firm: Guz Architects Location: Singapore Area: 726 m² Photographer: Patrick Bingham Hall
F
10
11
10
11
12
13
12
13
15
14
这座现代化的热带住宅体现了在新加坡炎热湿润气候中生活的精髓，它拥有开阔的空间，从而实 现自然通风，还能远眺广阔的海景。 该设计理念旨在打造一个贴近自然的和谐之所。在住宅之中建造了一方泳池，使住宅与周围环境 互相映衬，且最终与远处的海景相连。地下一层的设计再一次强调了与自然的联系，那里设有视听室 （泳池下面），其顶部是Ｕ型的硬质塑料窗，既可以将自然光引入，弥散到整个视听空间，又可以在 视听室望见泳池的波光粼粼。曲线的屋顶造型象征着层层海浪，强调了临海这一概念。整个屋顶覆盖 着可弯曲的太阳能光伏集热板，为住宅提供能源。同时，屋顶还种植了各色植被，为居者平添了一个 户外休闲空间。 Ｆｉｓｈ Ｈｏｕｓｅ的住宅设计谦恭而又不失奢华，使居者在此与自然融为一体，悠然自得，天人合一。
15
14
这座现代化的热带住宅体现了在新加坡炎热湿润气候中生活的精髓，它拥有开阔的空间，从而实 现自然通风，还能远眺广阔的海景。 该设计理念旨在打造一个贴近自然的和谐之所。在住宅之中建造了一方泳池，使住宅与周围环境 互相映衬，且最终与远处的海景相连。地下一层的设计再一次强调了与自然的联系，那里设有视听室 （泳池下面），其顶部是Ｕ型的硬质塑料窗，既可以将自然光引入，弥散到整个视听空间，又可以在 视听室望见泳池的波光粼粼。曲线的屋顶造型象征着层层海浪，强调了临海这一概念。整个屋顶覆盖 着可弯曲的太阳能光伏集热板，为住宅提供能源。同时，屋顶还种植了各色植被，为居者平添了一个 户外休闲空间。 Ｆｉｓｈ Ｈｏｕｓｅ的住宅设计谦恭而又不失奢华，使居者在此与自然融为一体，悠然自得，天人合一。
B ahia House
Architect: Marcio Kogan Firm: Studio mk27 Co-authors: Suzana Glogowski, Samanta Cafardo Interior Design Co-author: Diana Radomysler Collaborators: Henrique Bustamante, Sergio Ekerman Landscape Architect: Renata Tilli
Contractor: eng Cosntrutora Location: Salvador, Brazil Area: 690 m² Photographer: Nelson Kon
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The Bahia House is an ecological house. The organization of the floor plan and the use of materials come close to those of traditional architecture. The Bahia House makes use of the old popular knowledge that has been reinvented and incorporated throughout the history of Brazilian architecture. The house was considered for where it is, for the climate of where it is, for Bahia. And, for this, no “green” software was used, and no equipment or calculations were made. The builders of Bahian traditional houses have long-known how to keep interiors cool even with a blazing sun of more than 40°C, long before the 36 corbusian ideas had been tropicalized or even before Sir Norman Foster had given a precise, technological and scientific dimension to sustainable architecture. These Bahian houses have roofs of clay, a banal material made in a rustic manner, and wooden ceilings. The openings have large panels of wooden Mashrabiyas brought to Brazil by the Portuguese colonial architecture since
the first centuries of its occupation of the American territories, and its origin is of an Arabian cultural influence. These wooden panels provide vast comfort to the interior. The traditional Bahian house uses the northeastern wind blowing in from the sea to organize the floor plan and has cross ventilation in its principal spaces, always making the interior cool and airy. The Bahia House uses all these elements that are traditional to Brazilian houses. These adjustments of the Portuguese house to a tropical climate were always studied and applied by modernism in Brazil. The result in this case is a very pleasant house, where the interior protects from the hot and sunny climate outdoors. The floor plan is entirely organized around a central patio, making the cross ventilation in all the spaces possible and a view that looks in, to a grassed garden and two exuberant mango trees. The Bahia House privileges the environmental comfort of its dwellers but does not make use of the “most modern technology” for this.
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巴伊亚住宅是生态环保型住宅。住宅的楼层 平面布局和建材的使用与传统建筑类似。巴伊亚 住宅利用了在巴西建筑史上经过创新和融合且流 传已久的通俗知识。住宅的设计考虑到了其所处 的地理环境和当地的气候特点。由于以上原因，
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该住宅没有使用环保节能装置，也没有相关的环 保设施和设计的考虑。 巴伊亚传统住宅的建造者早就懂得如何在 ４０ °C 以上的炎炎烈日下保持室内的凉爽，这种 做法远远早于科比西埃关于适应热带气候建筑的 建筑理念，甚至要早于诺曼福斯特爵士对可持续 建筑在技术上给出科学、精确的解释。 这组巴伊亚住宅具有陶土屋顶（陶土是用 粗糙的方法制作的一种普通建筑材料）和木制顶 棚。走廊有大大的木质凸肚窗镶板，这些镶板是 由葡萄牙殖民者在占据美洲最初的几百年间传入 巴西的，主要体现在殖民建筑上，而这种风格最 早是受到了阿拉伯文化的影响。这些木制的镶板 给室内提供了极大的舒适感。传统的巴伊亚住宅 利用了从海上吹来的东北风来安排楼层平面，住 宅内主要的空间前后通风，这样的设计总会让室 内既凉爽又通风。 巴伊亚住宅运用的这些建筑元素都是巴西住 宅中传统的设计元素。这些为适应热带气候而对 葡萄牙住宅做的调整一直是巴西现代主义建筑中 研究和使用的对象。该案例中最终设计的住宅是 清新怡人的，室内的温度没有受到室外烈日炎炎 的影响。 住宅的平面设计完全是围绕处在住宅中心的 院子组织，这样的布局使得所有空间中的穿堂风 得以实现，同时又能看到院内绿草青青的花园和 两棵茂盛的芒果树。巴伊亚住宅使居住者能够独 享舒适的环境，但为达到该目的却没有使用最现 代的技术。
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巴伊亚住宅是生态环保型住宅。住宅的楼层 平面布局和建材的使用与传统建筑类似。巴伊亚 住宅利用了在巴西建筑史上经过创新和融合且流 传已久的通俗知识。住宅的设计考虑到了其所处 的地理环境和当地的气候特点。由于以上原因，
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该住宅没有使用环保节能装置，也没有相关的环 保设施和设计的考虑。 巴伊亚传统住宅的建造者早就懂得如何在 ４０ °C 以上的炎炎烈日下保持室内的凉爽，这种 做法远远早于科比西埃关于适应热带气候建筑的 建筑理念，甚至要早于诺曼福斯特爵士对可持续 建筑在技术上给出科学、精确的解释。 这组巴伊亚住宅具有陶土屋顶（陶土是用 粗糙的方法制作的一种普通建筑材料）和木制顶 棚。走廊有大大的木质凸肚窗镶板，这些镶板是 由葡萄牙殖民者在占据美洲最初的几百年间传入 巴西的，主要体现在殖民建筑上，而这种风格最 早是受到了阿拉伯文化的影响。这些木制的镶板 给室内提供了极大的舒适感。传统的巴伊亚住宅 利用了从海上吹来的东北风来安排楼层平面，住 宅内主要的空间前后通风，这样的设计总会让室 内既凉爽又通风。 巴伊亚住宅运用的这些建筑元素都是巴西住 宅中传统的设计元素。这些为适应热带气候而对 葡萄牙住宅做的调整一直是巴西现代主义建筑中 研究和使用的对象。该案例中最终设计的住宅是 清新怡人的，室内的温度没有受到室外烈日炎炎 的影响。 住宅的平面设计完全是围绕处在住宅中心的 院子组织，这样的布局使得所有空间中的穿堂风 得以实现，同时又能看到院内绿草青青的花园和 两棵茂盛的芒果树。巴伊亚住宅使居住者能够独 享舒适的环境，但为达到该目的却没有使用最现 代的技术。
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M andeville Canyon Residence This 00 m² modern residence pays homage to the craftsman architecture of the early 1900s with its originality, simplicity of form, use of natural materials and the visibility of handmade details. The design is inspired as much by its unique setting as the client’s lifestyle. To maximize the views of the surrounding eucalyptus and pine groves, the house is split into two wings, which turn away from the motor court to face an expansive lawn and the surrounding canyon views. Inspired by the soft tones of eucalyptus bark, the facade is clad with gray-stained cedar, which unifies the structure with the surrounding landscape. Breaking the structure into smaller parts reduces massing and establishes a physical connection with the outdoors, providing access from almost any room. At the heart of the home is a dramatic stacked stone fireplace that begins in the living room and penetrates the exterior wall to become a wedge-shaped landscape feature and finally, the pool wall. 44
Architects: Christopher Kempel, AIA, Rocky Rockefeller, AIA Firm: Rockefeller Partners Architects Landscape Architect: Mia Lehrer Interior Designer: Alana Homesley Location: Los Angeles, California, USA Area: 900 m² Photographer: Eric Staudenmaier
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这座占约９００平方米的现代住宅崇尚的是２０世纪早期的建筑工艺，即 原始、形式简单、使用天然材料以及随处可见的手工制作的细部。 设计上的灵感多来源于与客户生活方式相同的独特环境。为了能够最 大限度地看到周围的桉树和松树林，住宅被分割成了两个厢房，背对着汽 车库，面对开阔的草坪和周围的峡谷风光。受到桉树皮暖色调的启发，住 宅的正面覆盖着灰色的雪松，使建筑结构与周围的景色浑然一体。 将建筑结构分成若干个小部分降低了厚重感，并与室外环境建立了有 机的联系，为所有房间提供了入口。在客厅的中心设有一个巨大的用石头 垒砌的壁炉，它从起居室穿过外墙变成了一个楔形的景观特色，最后到达 泳池的池壁。
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这座占约９００平方米的现代住宅崇尚的是２０世纪早期的建筑工艺，即 原始、形式简单、使用天然材料以及随处可见的手工制作的细部。 设计上的灵感多来源于与客户生活方式相同的独特环境。为了能够最 大限度地看到周围的桉树和松树林，住宅被分割成了两个厢房，背对着汽 车库，面对开阔的草坪和周围的峡谷风光。受到桉树皮暖色调的启发，住 宅的正面覆盖着灰色的雪松，使建筑结构与周围的景色浑然一体。 将建筑结构分成若干个小部分降低了厚重感，并与室外环境建立了有 机的联系，为所有房间提供了入口。在客厅的中心设有一个巨大的用石头 垒砌的壁炉，它从起居室穿过外墙变成了一个楔形的景观特色，最后到达 泳池的池壁。
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3 3rd Street Residence Located off a walk street in Manhattan Beach with panoramic ocean views, this 418 m² residence was designed as a modern South Pacific Island retreat. Drawing inspiration from their favorite vacation destinations, the client set the tone for their ideal lifestyle. The intent was to achieve “an architecture which is pure, clear, clean, neat and healthy,” possessing tropical overtones, natural materials and a hint of luxury. Organized efficiently, like a ship, the home design parallels move, often seen in boat architecture. A nautical theme runs throughout, from the expansive
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Architects: Christopher Kempel, AIA, Rocky Rockefeller, AIA Firm: Rockefeller Partners Architects Landscape Architect: John Feldman Interior Designer: Alana Homesley Location: Manhattan Beach, California, USA Area: 418 m² Photographer: Eric Staudenmaier
and free “upper deck” (third level) where living is open, light and breezy, to the tidy organization of the sleeping quarters “below deck” at the mid-level. The central stair at the heart of this home with its wood floating cantilevered teak planks accompanied by a mahogany slatted ladder, appears as a sail-like screen soaring nearly three stories tall. From its organization and structure to its refined details and tropical finishes, this modern South Pacific Island retreat feels right at home at the beach.
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该住宅位于曼哈顿的一条步行街上，可以全方位地看到海景。这座４１８平方米的住宅是作为 南太平洋岛上现代化的度假之所而设计的。 客户为他们最理想的生活方式奠定了基调，该设计的灵感来自于他们最喜欢的度假胜地，意 图打造一个纯粹、宁静、整洁、健康的建筑空间，散发着热带气息，运用自然的材质，兼有奢华 的韵味。 该住宅有着像船舱一样地高效、紧凑的空间架构。海洋的主题贯穿始终，上层（三楼）的客 厅空间宽敞、明亮，微风轻抚，如同在顶层甲板上一样开阔自由；而中层的卧室区结构紧凑，如 同船舱内部。住宅正中心处主楼梯迁翩而上，楼梯是用红木打造的，扶手外由柚木条拼接成一扇 幕帘悬挂一侧，如航行时扬起的风帆一般，耸立在了三层楼高的中空之处。 从住宅的整体规划架构到其精致的细节和氤氲的热带气息，这座现代的南太平洋岛上的隐居 之所使居者在这片海滩找到了家的感觉。
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该住宅位于曼哈顿的一条步行街上，可以全方位地看到海景。这座４１８平方米的住宅是作为 南太平洋岛上现代化的度假之所而设计的。 客户为他们最理想的生活方式奠定了基调，该设计的灵感来自于他们最喜欢的度假胜地，意 图打造一个纯粹、宁静、整洁、健康的建筑空间，散发着热带气息，运用自然的材质，兼有奢华 的韵味。 该住宅有着像船舱一样地高效、紧凑的空间架构。海洋的主题贯穿始终，上层（三楼）的客 厅空间宽敞、明亮，微风轻抚，如同在顶层甲板上一样开阔自由；而中层的卧室区结构紧凑，如 同船舱内部。住宅正中心处主楼梯迁翩而上，楼梯是用红木打造的，扶手外由柚木条拼接成一扇 幕帘悬挂一侧，如航行时扬起的风帆一般，耸立在了三层楼高的中空之处。 从住宅的整体规划架构到其精致的细节和氤氲的热带气息，这座现代的南太平洋岛上的隐居 之所使居者在这片海滩找到了家的感觉。
O penhouse
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Architects: Monika Haefelfinger, Austin Kelly Firm: XTEN Architecture Location: Hollywood Hills (Los Angeles), California, USA Area: 1,200 m² Materials: Steel, glass Photographer: Art Gray Photography
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The Openhouse is embedded into a narrow and sharply sloping property in the Hollywood Hills, a challenging site that led to the creation of a house that is both integrated into the landscape and open to the city below. Retaining walls are configured to extend the first floor living level into the hillside and to create a garden terrace for the second level. Steel beams set into the retaining walls perpendicular to the hillside are cantilevered off structural shear walls at the front of the site. Lateral steel clearly spans about 15.24 meters between these beams creating a double cantilever at the leading edge of the house and allowing for uninterrupted views over Los Angeles. Front, side and rear elevations of the house slide open to erase all boundaries between indoors and out and connect the spaces to gardens on both levels. There are forty-four sliding glass panels, each 2 meters wide by 3 meters high and configured to disappear into hidden pockets or to slide beyond the building perimeter. Deep overhangs serve as solar protection for the double pane glazing and become progressively larger, as the main elevation of the building follows the hillside contours from eastern to southwestern exposure. This creates a microclimate which surrounds the building, creating inhabitable outdoor spaces while reducing cooling loads within. Every elevation of the house opens to capture the prevailing breezes to passively ventilate and cool the house. A vestibule at the lowest point of the house can be opened in conjunction with glass panels on the second floor to create a thermal chimney, distributing cool air throughout while extracting hot air. Glass in the form of fixed clear plate panels, mirror plate walls and light gray mirror glass panels lend lightness to the interior spaces. These glass walls are visually counterweighted by sculptural, solid elements in the house. The fireplace is made of dry stacked granite, which continues as a vertical structural element from the living room floor through the second story. The main stair is charcoal concrete cantilevered from a structural steel tube. Service and secondary spaces are clad in floor to ceiling rift oak panels with flush concealed doors.
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这个名为“Ｏｐｅｎｈｏｕｓｅ”的住宅嵌在好莱坞山的一个狭长陡峭 的斜坡上。其选址十分具有挑战性，使该住宅既与周边景色相融合， 又使其可以俯瞰山脚下的城市。住宅的一楼通过挡土墙嵌入山坡中， 同时，把二楼打造成了一个屋顶花园。挡土墙内的钢梁与山的斜坡垂 直，从而使住宅前部的剪力墙悬挑出来。 侧面的钢梁净跨度约１５．２４米，形成双悬臂结构，支撑着住宅的 前缘，该结构为住宅的前部打造出毫无遮挡的视野，在此可以俯瞰下 面的洛杉矶城。住宅的前、侧、后立面均安装有推拉门，当全部打开 时，室内室外以及花园之间就没有了任何间隔，成为一体。 整个住宅有４４块可滑动的玻璃嵌板，每个２米宽、３米高，全都被 安置在看不见的地方或者滑至房子的边缘。为了遮挡阳光，住宅的楼 板探出的空间很大。因为随着山坡从东到西南面的显露，住宅正立面 的双层玻璃窗的面积也在逐渐增大。 这样的处理在建筑的周围形成了自己的小气候，提供了适合居 住的室外空间，且减轻了室内制冷的负担。建筑的每个立面都可以敞 开，微风拂过，自然而然就形成对流，从而降低了室内的温度。住宅 最低处的门廊可以敞开，空气可以直接贯通，直达二层的玻璃板，形 成烟囱效应，以冷却空气，达到降温效果。 固定且透明的玻璃面板、镜面幕墙、浅灰色镜面玻璃板使室内 空间显得十分明亮。通过室内的雕塑和固体元素的搭配，这些玻璃的 墙体实现了视觉上的平衡。壁炉是由干叠花岗石制成的，同时起到纵 向连接一楼的客厅和二楼的作用。室内的主要楼梯用钢管做架形成支 撑，上面悬架着炭质混凝土作为梯面。服务用房和次要空间被安置在 一个从地面一直到天花板高的橡木面板后面。
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这个名为“Ｏｐｅｎｈｏｕｓｅ”的住宅嵌在好莱坞山的一个狭长陡峭 的斜坡上。其选址十分具有挑战性，使该住宅既与周边景色相融合， 又使其可以俯瞰山脚下的城市。住宅的一楼通过挡土墙嵌入山坡中， 同时，把二楼打造成了一个屋顶花园。挡土墙内的钢梁与山的斜坡垂 直，从而使住宅前部的剪力墙悬挑出来。 侧面的钢梁净跨度约１５．２４米，形成双悬臂结构，支撑着住宅的 前缘，该结构为住宅的前部打造出毫无遮挡的视野，在此可以俯瞰下 面的洛杉矶城。住宅的前、侧、后立面均安装有推拉门，当全部打开 时，室内室外以及花园之间就没有了任何间隔，成为一体。 整个住宅有４４块可滑动的玻璃嵌板，每个２米宽、３米高，全都被 安置在看不见的地方或者滑至房子的边缘。为了遮挡阳光，住宅的楼 板探出的空间很大。因为随着山坡从东到西南面的显露，住宅正立面 的双层玻璃窗的面积也在逐渐增大。 这样的处理在建筑的周围形成了自己的小气候，提供了适合居 住的室外空间，且减轻了室内制冷的负担。建筑的每个立面都可以敞 开，微风拂过，自然而然就形成对流，从而降低了室内的温度。住宅 最低处的门廊可以敞开，空气可以直接贯通，直达二层的玻璃板，形 成烟囱效应，以冷却空气，达到降温效果。 固定且透明的玻璃面板、镜面幕墙、浅灰色镜面玻璃板使室内 空间显得十分明亮。通过室内的雕塑和固体元素的搭配，这些玻璃的 墙体实现了视觉上的平衡。壁炉是由干叠花岗石制成的，同时起到纵 向连接一楼的客厅和二楼的作用。室内的主要楼梯用钢管做架形成支 撑，上面悬架着炭质混凝土作为梯面。服务用房和次要空间被安置在 一个从地面一直到天花板高的橡木面板后面。
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