Ed iti on 18
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PRONUNCIATION FUN WITH PICTURES “Did you say you are dirty?”
“No, I’m thirty!”
“You eat soap?”
“No, I said I eat soup!”
Essential pronunciation practice to build confidence
intercambio.org
Student Name Teacher Name Teacher Phone Number Teacher Email Intercambio® Uniting Communities Copyright ©2018 This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provision of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written premission of Intercambio Uniting Communities. Written by: Lee Shainis 2018 Edition by: Debbie Goldman, Rachel Freeman and Sarah James Design by: David Olivares Special thanks Leanne Chacon Karen Taylor de Caballero
Practice videos can be found at intercambio.org/teachers and at intercambio.org/students Copyright © 2018 Intercambio Uniting Communities All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying, recording, or other electronic or mechanical methods, without the prior written permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical reviews and certain other noncommercial uses permitted by copyright law. For permission requests, write to the resources@intercambio.org
Intercambio Uniting Communities 4735 Walnut Street, Suite B Boulder, CO 80301 Visit our website at : intercambio.org Pronunciation Fun With Pictures
Table of Contents Directions for the teacher Tools for teaching pronunciation
pg. 2 pg. 2
Consonant practice p vs. b t vs. d s vs. z th vs. t th vs. d k vs. g nk vs. ng ch vs. sh v vs. b w vs. v y vs. j l vs. r
pg. 4 pg. 5 pg. 6 pg. 7 pg. 8 pg. 9 pg. 10 pg. 11 pg. 12 pg. 13 pg. 14 pg. 15
Vowel practice GREEN TEA vs. SILVER PIN SILVER PIN vs. BLACK CAT SILVER PIN vs. WHITE TIE RED DRESS vs. BLACK CAT BLACK CAT vs. OLIVE SOCK BLACK CAT vs. CUP OF MUSTARD OLIVE SOCK vs. CUP OF MUSTARD ROSE COAT vs. BLUE MOON ROSE COAT vs. TURQUOISE TOY WOODEN HOOK vs. BLUE MOON ORANGE DOOR vs. BROWN COW GREEN TEA vs. GRAY DAY GREEN TEA vs. PURPLE SHIRT RED DRESS vs. WHITE TIE OLIVE SOCK vs. WOODEN HOOK
pg. 16 pg. 17 pg. 18 pg. 19 pg. 20 pg. 21 pg. 22 pg. 23 pg. 24 pg. 25 pg. 26 pg. 27 pg. 28 pg. 29 pg. 30
Challenging pairs Other activities
pg. 31 pg. 32
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Directions for the Teacher General Use Pronunciation takes time. Adults will have to engage muscles they have not used and have a body awareness to produce new sounds. For this reason, we recommend the Following: • • • •
Select one set of pairs (two sunds) for ten minutes each lesson - leave them wanting more rather than being frustrated. Consider sounds related to the vocabulary, or select sounds that simply need to be practiced. With consonant sounds, introduce the first sound in isolation and have students repeat. Example: Page 1 - say the “p” sound so that your students can feel the air flow (puh.) Have students repeat several times. Watch the Pronunciation videos on our website for more examples. intercambio.org/teachers intercambio.org/students
Useful Tools in Pronunciation
Stretch a rubber band sideways to show the GREEN TEA sound or strech vertically to simulate the long jaw when saying the BLACK CAT sound.
Touch your throat to feel the vibration when making sounds such as v and z.
Use a mirror or the “selfie” mode on a smart phone to see what your mouth is doing while making sounds. Record your teacher, practice the sounds, and then record yourself.
Use a piece of paper in front of your mouth to see the difference in air flow with sounds such as p vs b
Download Teacher Directions from our website intercambio.org/teachers 2
Pronunciation Fun With Pictures
Why use the COLOR VOWEL® Chart? The English alphabet has only five vowel letters to represent 16 different vowel sounds. Spelling is therefore not a reliable guide for knowing how to pronounce a word. We use The COLOR VOWEL Chart in this book because it enables teachers and learners to talk about pronunciation without using letter names or phonetic symbols. Where once a teacher may have said, “Let’s practice the ‘e’ sound,” she can now say, “Let’s practice GREEN TEA words,” avoiding altogether the confusion of using letter names to describe sounds. The Chart (in the back of this book) helps learners consider how a word sounds Step-by-Step instructions for all minimal pairs 1. If you are working on consonant sounds practice the sound. If you are working on vowel sounds say the Color Vowel anchor phrase and then the sound in isolation: “GREEN TEA ee”. This has proven itself effective with teachers and students, conveying that it’s the foundational phrase that keeps you ‘moored’ to the vowel sound. 2. Introduce the second sound same way. 3. Repeat the first sound and then say the first column of words. Student(s) can repeat. 4. Repeat steps one and two for the second round 5. Say the first word pair for student(s), making sure they can see what your mouth is doing. Point to the picture if you are working one-on-one, or write the words on the board and point to the word you are saying if you are in a class. Point to and say each word at least 3 times. (It’s okay for student(s) to repeat the word, but the focus is on hearing it.) 6. For one-on-one, say the word and have students point to the picture/word they hear. For a group class, write 1 and 2 in front of each word on the board and ask students to hold up one or two fingers to show which one they hear. Alternatively, you can have them hold up cards with the words on them. 7. Once student(s) have mastered step 6, make it harder by covering your mouth or turning your back to them. See if they can still pick out the right word. 8. Now student(s) are ready to produce the sound. Have them repeat the sound in isolation again. 9. Then say the word and have them repeat it. It can be helpful for them to use their phones or a mirror to see what their mouth is doing. Do this several times. For group classes, move around the room to check on everyone’s pronunciation. Have students practice saying the word with a partner. They will say the word, and the partner will point to it. Repeat 2-9 for each word pair on the page. (You may not have time to do them all in one class – you can come back and revisit it next time).
Download Teacher Directions from our website intercambio.org/teachers 3
p b
Consonant sound practice The p sound: Put your lips together and realease them with a puff of air. The b sound: Put your lips together and realease them while using your voice. Watch your teacher make these sounds.
Tools for practice: Hold a piece of paper in front of your mouth. Watch it move when you say the p sound. Touch your throat to feel the difference in vibrations for these two sounds.
Minimal Pair Practice
pig
big
path
bath
cap
cab
rope
robe 1
4
Pronunciation Fun With Pictures
2
t d The t sound: Touch the tip of your tongue to the back of your upper teeth and blow out air then drop your tongue and blow out air. The d sound: Touch the tip of your tongue to the back of your upper teeth then release your tongue and use your voice. Watch your teacher make these sounds.
Tools for practice: Put your hand in front of your mouth to feel the t burst of air. Touch your throat to feel the difference in vibration for these two sounds.
Minimal Pair Practice
toe
doe
coat
code
cart
card
train
drain 1
2 5
s z
Consonant sound practice The s sound: Touch your bottom teeth with the tip of your tongue. The sides of your tongue touch will touch your back teeth. Blow out air continuously. The z sound: Touch your bottom teeth with the tip of your tongue. The sides of your tongue touch will touch your back teeth. Blow out air continuously while using your voice. Watch your teacher make these sounds.
Tools for practice: Touch your throat to feel the difference in vibration for these two sounds.
Minimal Pair Practice
sip
zip
loose
lose
ice
eyes
price
prize 1
6
Pronunciation Fun With Pictures
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th t The th* sound: Put the tip of your tongue between your front teeth. Blow out air. The t sound: Put the tip of your tongue to the back of your front teeth. Blow out air. Watch your teacher make these sounds. *The th sounds in English can be voiced and unvoiced (with vibration and without vibration). In this pair we are practicing the unvoiced th sound.
Tools for practice: Use a mirror to see your tongue when you say the th sound.
Minimal Pair Practice
thank
tank
thick
tick
bath
bat
booth
boot 1
2 7
th d
Consonant sound practice The th* sound: Put the tip of your tongue between your front teeth. Blow out air while using your voice. The d sound: Put the tip of your tongue to the back of your front teeth. Blow out air while using your voice. Watch your teacher make these sounds. *The th sounds in English can be voiced and unvoiced (with vibration and without vibration). In this pair we are practicing the voiced th sound.
Tools for practice: Use a mirror to see your tongue when you say the th sound.
Minimal Pair Practice
they
day
lather
ladder
leather
letter
breathe
breed 1
8
Pronunciation Fun With Pictures
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k g The k sound: Raise your tongue in the back of your mouth blocking the opening. Then puff out the air. The g sound: Raise your tongue in the back of your mouth, blocking the opening. Then use your voice to make the g sound Watch your teacher make these sounds.
Tools for practice: Touch your throat to feel the vibration for the g sound.
Minimal Pair Practice
coat
goat
cold
gold
back
bag
dock
dog 1
2 9
nk ng
Consonant sound practice The -nk sound: Raise your tongue in the back of your mouth and then release it with a puff of air. The -ng sound: Raise your tongue in the back of your mouth, use your voice while a little air comes out your nose. Watch your teacher make these sounds.
Tools for practice: Put your hand in front of your mouth. Feel the puff of air on the nk sound.
Minimal Pair Practice
sink
sing
rink
ring
wink
wing
bank
bang 1
10 Pronunciation Fun With Pictures
2
ch sh The ch sound: Put the tip of your tongue behind your top front teeth. Push a short burst of air out. The sh sound: Keep your tongue in the middle of your mouth. Your teeth almost touch. Blow air over your tongue and teeth continuously. Watch your teacher make these sounds.
Tools for practice: Put your hand in front of your mouth. Feel the short burst of air for the ch sound
compared to the continuous stream of air for the sh sound.
Minimal Pair Practice
choose
shoes
chop
shop
catch
cash
watch
wash 1
2 11
v b
Consonant sound practice The v sound: Place your top teeth on your bottom lip. Blow out air while using your voice. The b sound: Put your lips together and make a puff of air while using your voice. Watch your teacher make these sounds.
Tools for practice: Use a mirror to see difference in lip movement for these sounds. Touch your throat to feel the vibration for these two sounds.
Minimal Pair Practice
vote
boat
vest
best
vat
bat
curve
curb 1
12 Pronunciation Fun With Pictures
2
w v The w sound: Position your lips as if you’re blowing out candles. Relax your lips while releasing a puff of air while using your voice. The v sound: Place your top teeth on your bottom lip. Blow out air while using your voice. Watch your teacher make these sounds.
Tools for practice: Touch your throat to feel the vibration for these two sounds.
Minimal Pair Practice
wheel
veal
wet
vet
wiper
viper
west
vest 1
2 13
y j
Consonant sound practice The y sound: Smile and pull back on your tongue so that it touches the sides of your back teeth. Use your voice. The j sound: Put the tip of your tongue behind your top front teeth. Push a short burst of air out while using your voice. Watch your teacher make these sounds.
Tools for practice: Use a mirror and notice how your mouth opens wider for the y sound. Touch your throat to feel the vibration for these two sounds.
Minimal Pair Practice
yellow
jello
yolk
joke
yam
jam
yet
jet 1
14 Pronunciation Fun With Pictures
2
l r The l sound : Touch the tip of your tongue to the top of your mouth behind your front teeth. Use your voice. The r sound: Point the tip of your tongue back. Your lips are slightly opened as you use your voice. Watch your teacher make these sounds.
Tools for practice: Use a mirror and/or cellphone to see the tongue placement for the l sound.
Minimal Pair Practice
lake
rake
lice
rice
fly
fry
belly
berry 1
2 15
GREEN TEA SILVER PIN
Vowel Sound Practice The GREEN TEA sound: Smile to say this sound. The SILVER PIN sound: Lower your jaw, so your mouth is slightly open. Touch the back side of your bottom front teeth with the tip of your tongue. Watch your teacher make these sounds.
Tools for practice: Stretch a rubber band sideways to show the sound for GREEN TEA. Don’t stretch it for SILVER PIN.
Minimal Pair Practice
seat
sit
feet
fit
sleep
slip
peel
pill 1
16 Pronunciation Fun With Pictures
2
SILVER PIN BLACK CAT The SILVER PIN sound: Lower your jaw so your mouth is slightly open. Touch the back of your bottom front teeth with the tip of your tongue. The BLACK CAT sound: Lower your jaw completely. Touch the back of your bottom teeth with the tip of your tongue. Watch your teacher make the sounds.
Tools for practice: Stretch a rubber band vertically to show how the mouth opens for BLACK CAT.
Minimal Pair Practice
ribeye
rabbi
tip
tap
fit
fat
crib
crab 1
2 17
SILVER PIN WHITE TIE
Vowel Sound Practice The SILVER PIN sound: Lower your jaw so your mouth is slightly open. Touch the back of your bottom front teeth with the tip of your tongue. The WHITE TIE sound: Drop your jaw to open your mouth wide and then move towards a smile. Watch your teacher make these sounds.
Tools for practice: Use a mirror to help see the movement for WHITE TIE.
Minimal Pair Practice
kit
kite
sit
sight
tip
type
litter
lighter 1
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2
RED DRESS BLACK CAT The RED DRESS sound: Lower your jaw and keep your tongue relaxed. The BLACK CAT sound: Lower your jaw completely. Touch the back of your bottom teeth with the tip of your tongue. Watch your teacher make these sounds.
Tools for practice: Place your finger into your mouth. Your teeth will touch your finger when you say RED DRESS, your teeth will not touch your finger when you say BLACK CAT.
Minimal Pair Practice
pen
pan
guess
gas
men
man
celery
salary 1
2
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BLACK CAT OLIVE SOCK
Vowel Sound Practice The BLACK CAT sound: Lower your jaw completely. Touch the back of your bottom teeth with the tip of your tongue. The OLIVE SOCK sound: Lower your jaw and round your mouth slightly. Watch your teacher make these sounds.
Tools for practice: Touch the sides of your cheeks to feel the difference in your jaw and mouth for these two sounds.
Minimal Pair Practice
map
mop
rat
rot
hat
hot
iPad
iPod 1
20 Pronunciation Fun With Pictures
2
BLACK CAT CUP OF MUSTARD The BLACK CAT sound: Lower your jaw completely. Touch the back of your bottom teeth with the tip of your tongue. The CUP OF MUSTARD sound: Lower your jaw slightly and relax your tongue. The front of your tongue stays behind your bottom teeth. Watch your teacher make these sounds.
Tools for practice: Stretch a rubber band vertically to show the differences in these two sounds.
Minimal Pair Practice
cat
cut
rag
rug
batter
butter
track
truck 1
2 21
OLIVE SOCK CUP OF MUSTARD
Vowel Sound Practice The OLIVE SOCK sound: Lower your jaw and round your mouth slightly. The CUP OF MUSTARD sound: Lower your jaw slightly and relax your tongue. Your tongue stays behind your bottom teeth. Watch your teacher make these sounds.
Tools for practice: Use a mirror. Notice that your mouth is slightly more open when you say the OLIVE SOCK sound.
Minimal Pair Practice
rob
rub
not
nut
caught
cut
boss
bus 1
22 Pronunciation Fun With Pictures
2
ROSE COAT BLUE MOON The ROSE COAT sound: Put your mouth in the shape of the letter “o” to help you make this sound. The BLUE MOON sound: Position your lips like you are blowing out candles. Then make this sound. Watch your teacher make these sounds.
Tools for practice: Use a mirror to see the difference in lip position for these sounds.
Minimal Pair Practice
boat
boot
soap
soup
sew
Sue
blow
blue 1
2 23
ROSE COAT TURQUOISE TOY
Vowel Sound Practice The ROSE COAT sound: Round your lips so that your mouth is in the shape of the letter “o.” The TURQUOISE TOY sound: Round your lips so that your mouth is in the shape of the letter “o” then pull your lips back into a smile. Watch your teacher make these sounds.
Tools for practice: Use a mirror to see how your mouth moves for the TURQUOISE TOY sound.
Minimal Pair Practice
toe
toy
bow
boy
nose
noise
sow
soy 1
24 Pronunciation Fun With Pictures
2
WOODEN HOOK BLUE MOON The WOODEN HOOK sound: Your lips are slightly rounded. Draw your tongue towards the back of your mouth. The BLUE MOON sound: Position your lips like you are blowing out candles. Then make this sound. Watch your teacher make these sounds.
Tools for practice: Place your finger in between your nose and lip. Your finger moves closer to your nose when making the BLUE MOON sound.
Minimal Pair Practice
look
Luke
soot
suit
pull
pool
cookie
kooky 1
2
25
ORANGE DOOR BROWN COW
Vowel Sound Practice The ORANGE DOOR sound: Round your mouth and curl your tongue back. The BROWN COW sound: Start with your mouth wide open and then bring your lips together like you are blowing out a candle. Watch your teacher make these sounds.
Tools for practice: Use a mirror to see how your mouth moves for the BROWN COW sound.
Minimal Pair Practice
sore
sour
floor
flower
pour
power
shore
shower 1
26 Pronunciation Fun With Pictures
2
GREEN TEA GRAY DAY The GREEN TEA sound: Smile to say this sound. The GRAY DAY sound: Lower your jaw slightly. Keep the tip of your tongue behind your bottom teeth. Watch your teacher make these sounds.
Tools for practice: Use a mirror to see how your mouth moves for these sounds.
Minimal Pair Practice
street
straight
peel
pail
ear
air
cheer
chair 1
2
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GREEN TEA PURPLE SHIRT
Vowel Sound Practice The GREEN TEA sound: Smile to say this sound. The PURPLE SHIRT sound: Your mouth is slightly open. Pull your tongue back a little. You should feel your top teeth on the sides of your tongue, your lips will protrude. Watch your teacher make these sounds.
Tools for practice: Use a mirror to see how your mouth moves for these sounds.
Minimal Pair Practice
beard
bird
peer
purr
steer
stir
weird
word 1
28 Pronunciation Fun With Pictures
2
RED DRESS WHITE TIE The RED DRESS sound: Lower your jaw half way and keep your tongue relaxed. The WHITE TIE sound: Drop your jaw to open your mouth wide and then move towards a smile. Watch your teacher make these sounds.
Tools for practice: Use a mirror to see how your mouth moves for these sounds.
Minimal Pair Practice
smell
smile
tell
tile
fell
file
weld
wild 1
2 29
OLIVE SOCK WOODEN HOOK
Vowel Sound Practice The OLIVE SOCK sound: Lower your jaw and round your mouth slightly. The WOODEN HOOK sound: Your lips are slightly rounded. Draw your tongue towards the back of your mouth. Watch your teacher make these sounds.
Tools for practice: Use a mirror to see how your mouth moves for these sounds.
Minimal Pair Practice
lock
look
ball
bull
wall
wool
Paul
pull 1
30 Pronunciation Fun With Pictures
2
Other Challenging Pairs
These are some pairs that are commonly mispronounced and lead to misunderstandings. Practice listening to the difference between the two words and then practice saying the correctly.
party
juice
stuff
angry
potty food
foot
chicken
kitchen
globe
glove
coal
cold
shoes
stove
hungry
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Other Activities and Challenging Pairs
What sound is different?
Cross out the word that has a different consonant sound. SIP
price
loose
eyes
ice
DAY
ladder
lather
letter
breed
JET
major
joke
jam
measure
Cross out the word that has a different vowel sound. SLEEP
eat
peel
feet
litter
BIRD
heard
weird
purr
word
PILL
file
ribeye
tip
crib
BOSS
caught
bus
rob
not
Sound Bingo
Choose one page of minimal pairs. Have students write in the words in any order repeating one word twice (see below “Paul�). Read the words aloud at random and have the students mark what they hear (they can mark off both boxes for the repeated word). The first to get a bingo wins. Example from page 30: look
Paul
wool
Paul
bull
wall
lock
pull
ball
32 Pronunciation Fun With Pictures
The Color Vowel® Chart colorvowelchart.org/intercambio y
r
green tea
w
purple shirt
blue moon
silver pin
wooden hook a cup of mustard
y
gray day
white tie
black cat
rose coat
turquoise toy
red dress
y
w
olive sock
orange door auburn dog
y
r
w
brown cow
© K. Taylor/ S. Thompson 2009, 2014, 2017 All rights reserved Intercambio Custom Edition Visit colorvowelchart.org/intercambio to learn more about the Color Vowel Approach.
How to find the “color” of a word in English:
1. Identify the syllable that receives the primary stress. For example, teacher, student, attendance, and amazing each have one main stress. 2. Find the Color Vowel anchor phrase that most closely matches the vowel sound in the stressed syllable. For example, teacher is GREEN TEA, student is BLUE MOON, attendance is RED DRESS, and amazing is GRAY DAY. 3. Practice pronunciation by saying the anchor phrase, the vowel sound, and the word, slowly like this: GRAY DAY... “ay”... amazing. 33
Practice pronounciation, two sounds at a time, ten minutes per class. Always leave your students wanting more.
English
THE IMMIGRANT GUIDE Practical information for living and succeeding in the United States
Two companion resources
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See www.intercambio.org for our other English language acquisition products including the Immigrant Guide and our life-skills focused Interactive English series. We offer free placement tests, free teacher books and volunteer teacher training.
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