SA Builder (SAB) • August 2023

South African Builder is the official journal of Master Builders South Africa, established in 1923. The opinions expressed by contributors are not necessarily those of Master Builders South Africa. SA Builder is a registered trademark of Master Builders South Africa. Any use of this trademark without the express and written approval of Master Builders South Africa is prohibited. No material contained herein may be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of the publisher. SA Builder © 2023. All rights reserved.

CONTENTS AND CREDITS

PROJECT

24 Construction of the multi-million-rand Princess Mkabayi Mall

BUILDING BUSINESS

26 Building wealth within the rental property boom

PRODUCTS

29 Infra-red measurement technology for scrap recycling

30 Anker launches powerhouse in SA : The hero a home needs

PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT

32 “Hi, honey, I’m home”

FEATURE

36 Zutari celebrates the impact of its projects on SA

40 Major highway projects constructed around inclusive development

INNOVATION

42 Earth ground testing: The methods

GLOBAL VIEW

46 Managing cash flows

PUBLISHER

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CONTRIBUTIONS

Master Builders South Africa

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E-mail: editor@sabuilder.co.za

www.masterbuilders.org.za

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THE FUTURE OF CONSTRUCTION IN SA

The latest surveys on South Africa’s construction industry paint a mixed picture. There is optimism about the future of the industry, with growth expected to pick up in the coming years. Yet there are also a daunting number of challenges to be addressed, such as rising costs, skills shortages and regulatory uncertainty.

In addition to government investment, there is growing private-sector demand for construction services.

One of the biggest challenges is the rising cost of construction materials. This is due to a number of factors, including the global commodity price boom and the weak rand. Then there is the shortage of skilled workers in the construction industry. Meanwhile, regulatory uncertainty in the construction

industry persists, making it difficult for businesses to plan for the future and invest in new projects.

MBSA CONGRESS 2023

This year’s not-to-be-missed congress is taking place in Cape Town, hosted by the Master Builders Association Western Cape on 8 September. It is crucial that as many member companies as possible send at least one delegate to attend. The importance of representation from the broadest range of experiences in getting to the core issues facing all South African contractors cannot be overestimated. The annual congress is the greatest opportunity to solve these issues and its benefits for your business’s growth can be ground-breaking.

SA Builder wishes all the best to the hosting region, as well as all involved in organising this year’s event.

Nicholas McDiarmid, Editor: SA Builder

FROM THE PRESIDENT’S DESK

Stats SA published 26 statistical releases in June, shedding light on the current state of the economy.

The latest gross domestic product figures show that after faltering in the fourth quarter of 2022, the economy expanded by 0,4% in the first quarter of 2023, narrowly avoiding a recession.

The electricity, gas and water industries continued to struggle in their fourth consecutive quarter of decline.

The demand side of the economy registered a rise in exports, backed up by increased investment and positive government and household spending.

The SA Construction Industry Report has pegged growth at 5% in 2023. It expects output to reach upwards of R232 million.

Minister of Public Works and Infrastructure Sihle Zikalala has committed to accelerating the Construction Industry & Development Board (CIDB) Amendment Bill through

the proper legal processes within the framework of the Constitution. The Bill is intended to expand the scope of the CIDB’s development interventions to the private sector, to provide for improved compliance and enforcement of CIDB prescripts and to expand the scope of the construction industry registers to include other industry participants, such as professional service providers.

The minister has also committed to supporting the CIDB in establishing an ombudsman’s office for the construction industry. The office will serve as an independent body for resolving disputes in the sector. It will also attend to matters of emerging contractor abuse, transformation and procurement practice, among other issues. The minister has directed the CIDB board to harness support in ensuring that the construction industry is enhanced through the National Procurement Bill. The input will be submitted to National Treasury for consideration in the finalisation of the Bill.

Musa Shangase, MBSA president

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INVESTING IN QUALITY FOR A BRIGHTER FUTURE

Builders know the value of sound structures, constructed with quality materials and workmanship for a long life – which is why construction material leader AfriSam makes it easier to select and use the right cement.

“AfriSam takes a responsible approach to ensure that users are never confused when selecting the appropriate product for their contracts,” says Richard Tomes, the company’s sales and

marketing executive. “Our All Purpose Cement, for instance, is a specially engineered, superiorquality cement that can be used in a wide variety of structural and residential applications, including bricks, blocks and masonry.”

Tomes highlights that the social context of the company’s cement offering is important to AfriSam, guiding the way the company aligns its cements to the market. For home-owners, it is critical that

(Above): Richard Tomes, AfriSam sales and marketing executive.

(Below): In the manufacturing sector, AfriSam’s Rapid Hard Cement delivers high early strength, allowing products to be cured quickly for faster release to market.

they achieve a structure that lasts without structural cracking. One of the risks he mentions in the South African context is that an inexperienced builder might make an incorrect choice of cement – potentially compromising the structure.

“We’ve prevented this safety risk by raising the quality of our All Purpose Cement so that it meets all the key requirements of that market,” he explains. AfriSam’s legacy in cement and concrete technology goes back nearly 90 years, during which time it has developed a range of fit-for-purpose cements. These products prioritise quality in their manufacture and application.

“Using quality cement when building structures long ago means that there is less maintenance necessary now,” he says. “By saving on maintenance, more resources can be directed to where they’re so badly needed today by South Africans.”

Tomes emphasises that developing countries‘ roads, bridges, hospitals and other infrastructure must avoid early repairs or reconstruction. Among the large infrastructure projects in which AfriSam was involved was the Lesotho Highlands Water Scheme. Demanding specifications were required for the concrete’s curing qualities – especially for the large, deep concrete blocks. Recent strategic projects include the bases for wind towers, essential for the growth of renewable energy in the country.

LONG-LASTING SOLUTIONS

“AfriSam’s specialised cement ensures that limited heat is produced during the curing process, supporting the quality and longevity of our national infrastructure,” says Tomes. Construction of roads needs a special cement to give contractors time for mixing and compacting. AfriSam’s solution is RoadStab Cement, providing road-builders with a long-lasting result.

Productivity in precast concrete manufacturing is driven by quick turnaround times, so AfriSam provides its Rapid Hard Cement to deliver high early strength. This allows products to be cured more quickly, removed from moulds and dispatched to customers in fast cycle times.

Understanding customers’ needs is a key reason AfriSam has been so successful in delivering these specialised solutions, explains Tomes. The AfriSam Way Customer Experience project includes a survey to get feedback from players in the market twice a year.

“We contract an independent research agency to conduct our Voice of Customer Survey, which covers all customers’ touchpoints,” he says. “This allows us to measure our success in turning the quality of our cement and service into positive value for the customer and, in turn, to others who benefit from the customer’s concrete structures.”

(Below): The use of quality cement in large infrastructure projects has ensured the country significant costsavings in the future.

(Above): Home-owners need a long-lasting structure that will not cost them money in years to come.

PRODUCTS FOR SUSTAINABILITY

AfriSam recognises its duty to future generations and its engineers and concrete specialists centre product development around production processes with least carbon impact.

“This is vital because the production of cement is energyintensive and energy generation in SA is closely linked to the production of carbon emissions,” says Tomes.

The company augments its products with extenders – mostly by-products from coal-generated electricity or steel production. They come in the form of fly-ash or raw slag, which is processed for use in cement production or direct inclusion in concrete mixes.

LOWER CARBON CONTENT

“AfriSam has been a leader in applying extenders to the production of cement and concrete,” says Tomes. “In fact, our average carbon content per kilogram of cement is well below the global average.”

Southern Africa is also a waterscarce region and the careful management of water resources is another important element of AfriSam’s corporate mission. The company has developed cements which require less water.

He stresses that AfriSam measures its performance on the value it creates for customers' projects as well as the long term value infrastructure brings to communities and future generations.

AfriSam All Purpose Cement

A specially engineered, superior-quality cement for use in a wide variety of structural, residential, brick and block, as well as masonry applications.

AfriSam Rapid Hard Cement

AfriSam Rapid Hard Cement is ideal for use in the precast concrete industry where faster demoulding times are required, as well as for fasttrack construction projects to facilitate earlier stripping of formwork.

AfriSam High Strength Cement

AfriSam High Strength Cement is a specially developed, composite cement for use in brick- and block-making,

reservoirs, precast operations, structural concrete, shotcrete and mining operations.

AfriSam Roadstab Cement

AfriSam Roadstab Cement is a specially engineered, composite, high-quality cement for use specifically in road stabilisation, ensuring uniform distribution of the stabilising agent throughout the stabilised layer.

AfriSam StarBuild Cement

AfriSam’s StarBuild is a 32,5N cement and a cost-effective alternative for applications not requiring high early-strength development. It is suitable for a limited range of applications in the building environment, where it offers consistent performance.

(Above): Investing in good-quality structures is an important mindset, especially for developing countries.

(Right): AfriSam has developed a range of fit-forpurpose cements which prioritise quality.

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MUTUAL BENEFITS OF REGISTERING WITH THE BCCEI

Registration with the Bargaining Council for the Civil Engineering Industry (BCCEI) is not only compulsory, but also extremely advantageous for both companies and their employees. Lindie Fourie, operations manager at the council, strongly believes that company registration promotes a more balanced and sustainable sector for all parties involved.

Membership with the BCCEI transforms a company into an active participant in the civil engineering industry. The council plays a pivotal role in facilitating collective bargaining concerning wages and general terms of employment, leading to fairer outcomes for everyone involved.

Collective bargaining outcomes benefit employers – particularly those lacking the resources for prolonged negotiations – as well as employees, who may

not be adequately organised to present their demands at company level. Not only does collective bargaining facilitate a fairer outcome, but it minimises disruptions in the working environment, allowing resources and energy to be channelled where they are most needed.

Furthermore, according to the conditions of employment for the civil engineering sector, certain minimum allowances to which employees are entitled often go unnoticed by both parties. Fourie points out that registration with the BCCEI can help clarify those conditions, ensuring that both employers and employees

understand their rights and obligations.

Registration also levels the playing field in some respects, encouraging contractors to compete fairly against each other and end the practice of undercutting minimum wages in an attempt to secure contracts to the detriment of employees.

“Registration with the BCCEI presents an opportunity for companies to actively contribute to the civil engineering sector’s stability and sustainability. The mutual benefits for both employers and employees resulting from the BCCEI’s involvement can’t be overstated, making it a win-win for all,” says Fourie.

(Right): Lindie Fourie, operations manager at the BCCEI.

(Left): Collective bargaining outcomes benefit both employers – particularly those lacking the resources for prolonged negotiations – and employees, who may not be adequately organised to present their demands at company level.

THE 2023 MBSA CONGRESS CAPE TOWN:

“POWERING SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE”

Achieving the Just Transformation of our building industry has become a practical urgency in South Africa, with energy solutions at the top of the list for everyone. Attending this year’s Master Builders South Africa’s Annual Congress is a vital call to action for all members, as we continue our journey to a more sustainable industry.

FUTURE-DRIVEN PROGRAMME

Securing energy supply and securing our building sites go hand-in-hand, and Congress 2023 is structured to adresss the energy crisis and the shared challenges faced by all construction industry stakeholders.

CRITICAL ADDRESS FROM THE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENCY

The MBSA’s continued engagement with the highest levels of government is yielding results, and the Key Address from the Office of the Presidency will focus on key interventions to power sustainable infrastructre, and is not to be missed.

INDUSTRY PANEL DISCUSSIONS

Driven to yield practical outcomes, this year’s panel discussion will encompass several topics, including:

• The impact of the energy crisis on the construction sector.

• The importance of unity within the construction sector during difficult times, with valuable lessons from other countries.

• Key challenges affecting the growth of the South African construction industry.

PULLING IT TOGETHER

We are delighted to announce that the distinguished Sakina Kamwendo, a radio and TV anchor who hosts

SAVE THE DATE: MBSA CONGRESS 2023

Time: 9am, Friday, 8 September 2023

Venue: Hall A, Century City Conference Centre, Cape Town

Theme: “Powering Sustainable Infrastructure”

Morning Live on SABC 2 and SABC News 404 and Update@Noon on SA FM will be our Programme Director and Moderator! With her exceptional talent and experience, she will add an engaging and insightful touch to the event.

SECURE YOUR PLACE – BOOK NOW

Secure your spot now by completing the registration form available here: https://www.masterbuilders.org. za/annual-congress/. After filling out the form, please email it to info@masterbuilders.org.za.

For additional programme information and an overview of past events, visit, like, and share our social media accounts.

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UNLOCKING THE SDL AND INCREASING B-BBEE TRAINING SPEND THROUGH CETA DISCRETIONARY GRANTS

By Heidi Kilian, head: Training Academy, MBA KZN

Employers are obliged to pay 1% of their total payroll to SARS for skills development levies (SDLs). So where does all this money go? These levies assist the roll-out of the National Skills Development Plan (NSDP) in order to address the country’s scarce and critical skills gaps and ensure that SA has adequate, appropriate and high-quality skills that contribute towards economic growth, employment creation and social development. In order to achieve this, these funds are apportioned to the National Skills Fund (20%), SETA administration (10,5%), mandatory frants (20%) and discretionary grants (49,5%).

WHAT IS A DISCRETIONARY GRANT?

A discretionary grant is an amount of funding which is allocated to qualifying entities and is meant to support education, training and skills development. Discretionary grant funds that are allocated by CETA are spent on professional,

vocational, technical and academic learning (PIVOTAL) programmes that result in occupational qualifications or part-qualifications on the National Qualifications Framework. PIVOTAL programmes include learnerships, workintegrated learning, internships, bursaries and skills programmes. These can be for both employed and unemployed people.

WHY ARE CETA DISCRETIONARY GRANTS PROVIDED?

These grants are intended to address the national and sectoral priorities, as well as contribute to the achievement of the targets set out in the CETA Annual Performance Plan for 2023/24 and onwards. There is value in submitting a discretionary grant

“A DISCRETIONARY GRANT IS AN AMOUNT OF FUNDING WHICH IS ALLOCATED TO QUALIFYING ENTITIES AND IS MEANT TO SUPPORT EDUCATION, TRAINING AND SKILLS DEVELOPMENT.”

application to CETA, as the employer has the potential to unlock an additional 49,50% of the skills development levy funding.

Learnerships for employed and unemployed people are a great way of increasing your training spend, as you can count the salary of the student as training expenditure under the skills development element in B-BBEE. The current tax incentives also make it attractive for companies to create learnership programmes.

WHO ARE CETA DISCRETIONARY GRANTS FOR?

Stakeholders and any other interested parties may apply for discretionary grant funding to implement skills development interventions within the construction sector.

Applicants should be aware that preference is given to programmes that encourage the development of rural and township communities, youth, women, people with disabilities and military

veterans. For the 2023/24 period, discretionary grants are available for the learning pathways as per the table above.

WHEN DO DISCRETIONARY GRANTS OPEN?

The closing date for applications is

usually around mid-July, for the year ahead. It is important to note that all applications for discretionary grants must be approved before any training or other activity related to a skills development project can commence.

HOW DO I APPLY FOR A DISCRETIONARY GRANT?

Register on the discretionary grants application system and submit an online application. You can click on the following tab to go directly to the application page: CETA DISCRETIONARY GRANTS APPLICATION SYSTEM (DGAS). Enquiries can be e-mailed to: dgqueries@ceta. co.za or visit: https://www.ceta. org.za/discretionary-grantfunding-window.

(Left): Getting the most value out of your training contributions is possible by planning at all levels of your organisation.

MB KZN 122ND ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING

The KwaZulu-Natal Master Builders and Allied Industries Association held its 122nd annual general meeting (AGM) on 27 June 2023 at which the executive council for the next term of office was elected.

At the close of the financial year, the association recorded 653 member companies operating in the KZN construction value chain. The association is positioned as a one-stop business hub and is continuously looking at ways of meeting the growing needs of the industry by providing reliable, convenient and affordable services. These services are designed to support members with the successful running of their businesses.

PRESIDENT’S OVERVIEW

The president of the association, Marcus Peter Gonzalves, highlighted the importance of collaboration in the construction industry. “It’s critical that we promote industry collaboration and speak with a collective voice on pertinent industry matters. To this end, the association must be commended on its efforts, as it continues to be at the helm of promoting a unified construction industry to achieve joint industry solutions,” he said.

“The construction industry is pivotal for South Africa to prosper, from building homes and offices to ensuring that South Africans have access to essential basic services and key infrastructure,” he added.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF MBA CONTRIBUTION

Keynote speaker, the Honourable Jomo Sibiya, Member of the KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Legislature, stressed that the association was a credible organisation and was recognised “as a tried and tested critical stakeholder in the built environment, with many years of experience”.

He added that the association’s member companies had been instrumental in infrastructure development in the province. “The construction sector, according to Statistics SA, remains a key contributing sector in the growth of both our economy and the GDP, as well as the resultant job creation,” he said.

Encouragingly, government remained optimistic that the MBA would continue to lead its members in making significant contributions to infrastructure development and the overall growth of the province.

MESSAGE FROM THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR

Vikashnee Harbhajan, executive director of MBA KZN, said the association had received an unqualified audit report for the

(Above, from left): President Marcus Peter Gonzalves, the Honourable Jomo Sibiya and executive director: MBA KZN Vikashnee Harbhajan.

“

THE ASSOCIATION IS POSITIONED AS A ONESTOP BUSINESS HUB AND IS CONTINUOUSLY LOOKING AT WAYS OF MEETING THE GROWING NEEDS OF THE INDUSTRY.”

2022/2023 financial year, as well as a B-BBEE Level 1 certificate. She added: “MB KZN continuously strives to excel in its lobbying and advocacy role and provides legislative comments and input on relevant industry matters. The association has ensured representation at various structures to represent the best interests of its members.”

The executive council for the next term of office is as follows:

• Marcus Peter Gonzalves, FS Gonzalves Construction (president)

• Rajeshree Moodley, Globacon (vice-president)

• Lance Walter Ridl, Ridl Construction (vice-president)

• Kalwyn Ramiah, WBHO Construction (vice-president)

• Bhekisisa Samson Ngcongo, Dambuza Community Development Trust (immediate past president)

• Moegamat Sharwat Behardien, MET Developments

• Matthys Johannes Blom, Plankonsult

• Joyce Dolly Tembe, Sakhisizwe Development Training

• Dirk Jacobus François Louw, MET Builders

• Vivekananda Venketas Naidoo, 2C Projects CC

• Bongani Cyprian Dladla, GVKSiya Zama Building Contractors

• Craig Gainsford, Rubro Building

(Above): Members of the executive council.

(Above): Emerging Contractor programme graduation.

WIND SECTOR’S CAUTIONARY RESPONSE TO UTILITY GRID RULES

In response to the recent “Interim Grid Capacity Allocation Rules” briefing by the state utility, the SA Wind Energy Association (SAWEA) has cautiously noted its appreciation of the efforts made by Eskom and its dedication to ensuring a fair, equitable and transparent allocation of the limited available grid capacity in a structured and co-ordinated approach.

“For the country to realise a balanced and reliable energy mix, we need to fully acknowledge the current grid constraints and the limitations these place on the energy sector. Therefore, the envisaged process needs to be one that is practical and encourages or stimulates more and better participation,” says Niveshen Govender, CEO of SAWEA.

BURDENSOME CRITERIA AND INVESTOR CONFIDENCE

However, he warns that while the association comprehends the

challenges faced by the utility, it is concerned about the onerous criteria imposed.

“As outlined during the engagement session, the proposed rules that include the primary energy resources assessment – which, for wind, is two years – are, in our view, unnecessary and unreasonable requirements and could potentially delay the implementation and roll-out of new wind projects,” says Govender.

SAWEA points out that investor confidence in the SA energy sector continues to dwindle and that from an economic standpoint, urgent consideration for investor perspective is crucial.

FURTHER ENGAGEMENT ESSENTIAL

“We need to consider how investors’ views on the rules and position in the market will be impacted, should the utility’s process

not take a holistic approach as far as the criteria are concerned. Furthermore, given the current state of the energy sector, a better environment is required to attract much-needed investment that could urgently bolster our electricity network with new generation capacity,” adds Govender.

SAWEA is calling for further engagement and consultation between the utility and the industry to understand the implications, practicalities and possible unintended consequences of the rules, as well as the real impact they will have on the clean energy transition and the renewable energy sector.

As such, Eskom’s approach should be considered an interim measure until SA has sufficient transmission infrastructure built to integrate significantly more renewable energy into the mix at an accelerated rate.

CIPS ACTIONS SUSTAINABILITY ETHOS IN MOVE TO CENTURION SQUARE

The Chartered Institute for Procurement & Supply (CIPS), the world’s largest professional body for procurement and supply professionals, is moving to one of Southern Africa’s most iconic green buildings.

By establishing offices in the PPS Centurion Square property, which enjoys a five-star rating from the Green Building Council of SA, the global membership organisation further enhances its status as a champion of sustainable procurement.

Opened by the PPS Group Property Fund Trust in 2016 in the heart of the Centurion central business district, the 23 000m² building is renowned for saving energy through the use of shade and natural light, LED lighting, efficient heat pumps, carbon monoxide monitors, dimmable parking lights,

thermal insulation and an online energy monitoring system.

Rain and greywater are also collected and cleaned via a filtration and ozonation system, meaning that the building’s municipal water use is estimated to be 86% less than that of a conventional office building.

Jolene Ludick, director of CIPS Southern Africa, says the institute’s sustainability model calls for sound governance built upon a culture of sustainability that delivers on social, economic and environmental factors. CIPS’s relocation to the Centurion building puts this principle into practice and encourages member organisations to follow suit.

“Organisations that make a concerted effort to reduce water usage and carbon emissions while moving to renewable energies and

green buildings not only help to minimise the impact on the planet, but resonate with governments and consumers who’re increasingly drawn to sustainability practices,” she says.

CIPS drives home the message that sustainable procurement carries numerous advantages. Ecoconscious consumers can improve an organisation’s financials and build brand loyalty. Sustainability practices also help a business to future-proof itself against scarcity in supply and environmental changes, while innovation is encouraged by thinking about how to be more efficient with natural resources.

“Sustainability is and should be embedded in all organisations and is the most seismic change and challenge for the procurement and supply profession,” says Ludick.

WHY SOLAR WILL NOT COLLAPSE THE NATIONAL GRID

By Rein Snoeck Henkemans, MD: Alumo Energy

A recent statement made by Electricity Minister Kgosientsho Ramokgopa in which he asserted that solar could collapse the national grid overlooked the real cause of the problem.

The main issue is rather that Eskom’s current generation equipment is not designed to handle sudden fluctuations in the transmission network. For example, if a solar unit produces one megawatt of electricity and there is a sudden drop in solar production for any reason, the utility’s generation equipment must account for that drop – which could exceed the current generation capacity. In other words, the problem does not lie with solar, but with the lack of advanced grid management and demandresponse systems to ensure stability.

Ramokgopa further failed to clarify whether his statement specifically addressed large-scale energy farms, or whether individual business and residential solar were included in his concerns.

ADVANCED GRID MANAGEMENT

In either case, he may have failed to account for the existence of advanced grid management technologies and modern lithium-ion batteries, which are known for their high energy density, long cycle life and lowmaintenance requirements.

These batteries store surplus energy from solar panels for use during loadshedding, night-time and low solar production. Home-owners can tap into grid energy when the supply is stable and seamlessly switch to battery power during blackouts without impacting the grid. Solar systems typically have the capability to control and stagger charge or throttle the amount of power that can be used from the grid to charge the batteries. This can mitigate the risk of high and rapid changes for which the utility would have to account.

GRID OPERATION AND DEMAND RESPONSE

Normally, national grids incorporate various measures to maintain stability, regardless of the energy

sources connected to them. These measures include voltage regulation, frequency control and robust transmission infrastructure. Grid operators continually monitor the grid’s performance and adjust power generation and distribution to ensure stability. With the increasing integration of solar systems, grid operators have enhanced their capabilities to manage the intermittent nature of solar power. Advanced forecasting techniques, demandresponse programmes and energy storage systems further assist in maintaining grid stability.

The minister’s concerns about abruptly adding a significant amount of solar generation into the grid were also unfounded. The process will more likely follow a staggered implementation approach over multiple years. Large-scale solar projects require months to construct and the planning, permit application and allocation phases can take three to five years to complete. As a result, the national grid will not experience a sudden surge of solar energy for several more years, at the very least. This should give the utility ample time to enhance its infrastructure to be ready for solar.

MODULAR AND SCALABLE INSTALLATIONS

That notwithstanding, solar energy installations, on an individual or national level, can

also be deployed in a modular and scalable manner. This allows for gradual additions of solar capacity for better management and integration with the grid. By carefully planning this expansion, government can ensure that infrastructure keeps pace with growth, avoiding suddenly overloading the grid.

Ultimately, the minister’s remarks reminded us of the critical need to upgrade and reinforce the country’s current power infrastructure. By allocating funds specifically for grid improvements and prioritising infrastructure development, government can address any potential challenges raised as a result of adding greater generation capabilities to the existing grid.

(Above): While renewable energy generation and storage is now part of our energy mix, the wheeling of additional power onto the national grid is still in need of technological development.

(Left): Solar systems typically have the capability to control and stagger charge or throttle the amount of power that can be used from the grid to charge the batteries.

(Above): Electricity Minister Kgosientsho Ramokgopa.

NAVIGATING DISRUPTION

The Manufacturing Indaba, to be hosted from 24-26 October 2023 at the Sandton Convention Centre in Johannesburg, aims to shed light on key global developments and their implications for sub-Saharan Africa’s mineral industrialisation. The topics to be discussed include:

Economic transformations: Rapid changes in the global economy, including shifts in trade policies, supply chain disruptions and emerging markets, can significantly influence the region’s mineral industrialisation. Stakeholders must monitor evolving economic trends, such as the growth of electric vehicles, renewable energy technologies and infrastructure development, which drive demand for critical minerals. Identifying market opportunities and adapting production processes to meet changing demands will be crucial for sustained growth.

Environmental sustainability: Increasing global emphasis on environmental sustainability and decarbonisation poses both challenges and opportunities for mineral industrialisation. The transition to a low-carbon economy requires a sustainable supply of minerals, including rare earth elements and lithium for batteries. Mining companies must embrace responsible mining practices, ensure efficient resource extraction and mitigate environmental impacts to align with evolving environmental regulations and consumer expectations.

Political dynamics: Trade agreements, geopolitical tensions and regulatory changes may influence market access, investment opportunities and international collaboration. Stakeholders must stay informed about evolving political landscapes and engage in proactive dialogue

with policymakers to shape policies that support the region’s mineral sector.

Technological advancements: Rapid technological advancements, such as automation, artificial intelligence and digitalisation, are reshaping the mining and minerals industry. Embracing these innovations can enhance operational efficiency, improve safety standards and optimise resource utilisation. Industry stakeholders need to invest in research and development, upskill their workforce and collaborate with technology providers to harness the full potential of these advancements.

Social responsibility: SA’s mineral industrialisation must align with social responsibility principles, respecting the rights and wellbeing of local communities and indigenous populations.

For further information about the indaba, visit: https://manufacturingindaba.co.za.

SAICE APPOINTS SEKADI PHAYANESHAKHANE AS NEW CEO

The SA Institution of Civil Engineering (SAICE) has announced the appointment of Sekadi Phayane-Shakhane as its new CEO, effective from 1 July this year.

With a seasoned professional career, including her roles as MD of Refilwe Engineering Solutions and non-executive director at Gateway Airports Authority, she has a wealth of experience in transportation planning and engineering, coupled with impressive academic qualifications.

“I’m honoured and excited to take on the role of CEO at the SAICE,” she says. “My vision for the institution is to foster collaboration, innovation and inclusivity within the civil engineering community. Together we can drive positive change, address societal challenges and enhance the profession’s impact on South Africa’s development.”

A PHENOMENAL PATH

Having grown up in the Free State, Phayane-Shakhane obtained a BSc (Eng) in civil engineering and an MEng in transportation studies from the University of Cape Town. Her leadership abilities shone through in her professional experience at organisations such as Ninham Shand, SMEC, WSP and GA Consulting Engineers. “I

firmly believe in writing your own future,” she says. “In the early journey of my professional career, one of the best pieces of advice I received from one of my managers was to ‘sink or swim’. I chose to swim, taking various opportunities to make a real difference as an engineer and prove my capabilities.”

Highlights of her career include receiving the SMEC Young Professional of the Year award in 2013.

With a career spanning over 20 years, she has also made significant contributions to the development of municipal infrastructure projects. Her early experience in Bloemfontein, where she worked on eradicating the bucket system and improving water infrastructure in small towns across the province, inspired her passion for providing essential services to communities. She is equally passionate about providing safer streets for all, with an emphasis on the provision of quality public transport and nonmotorised transport within SA.

EMPOWERING COMMUNITIES

Empowering communities –particularly the young generation – remains close to PhayaneShakhane’s heart.

“The SAICE’s doing amazing work to develop and provide opportunities for young professionals and I hope that I can enhance that. The

power of creativity from the next generation of young engineers, technologists and technicians is immeasurable and we need to drive all efforts to unlock it.

“Mentorship remains critical in enabling and fostering relationships between our seasoned and senior professionals and young ones. Ensuring continuity in terms of service delivery within our country is a priority,” adds the determined visionary, who is the first CEO to lead the SAICE in 20 years.

Developing sustainable infrastructure is critical for SA, she explains. “I remain committed to making a difference in the lives of citizens by working closely with members of the SAICE’s executive leadership, branches, divisions, panels, student chapters and national office by listening to the voices of our members and staff,” she says.

SHOWCASING INNOVATION AT THE CESA AON

ENGINEERING EXCELLENCE AWARDS

Consulting Engineers SA (CESA) has announced the date for the 2023 CESA Aon Engineering Excellence Awards. Celebrating excellence in the consulting engineering industry, the awards showcase the important role infrastructure plays in the sustainable development and delivery of basic services to society. This year, the event –hosted in partnership with Aon SA, the Platinum Title Sponsor of the awards – will take place at Vodacom World in Midrand on Wednesday, 16 August.

Announcing the date and inviting stakeholders in the built environment to attend this prestigious event, CESA CEO Chris Campbell says that 51 years after their inception, the awards still provide a platform to showcase the excellence in engineering solutions provided by CESA member companies, in collaboration with their clients and other industry

partners in the construction value chain. “Attendees at this flagship event, which will be hosted in person, will also be able to rekindle existing relationships and foster new ones that last well into the future,” he adds.

CELEBRATING RESILIENCE AND INNOVATION

“The CESA awards are an opportunity to reflect on the resilience and innovation that the engineering sector delivers in meeting some of society’s greatest infrastructural challenges. As Aon, we have a deep appreciation for the contribution the engineering industry makes to our economy and society and we’re immensely proud of our long-standing relationship with CESA and its members. We’re united in delivering risk solutions and professional advice to secure the operating environment for engineers, backed by data and

insights that allow for better decisions, no matter what the challenges,” says Nolwandle Mgoqi, Aon’s CEO.

AWARD CATEGORIES

The highly contested project award categories this year include:

• Best International Project.

• Projects between R50 million and R250 million.

• Projects less than R50 million.

• The Engineering Technology and Innovation Award, which comprises two sub-categories:

– the Engineering Technology and Innovation – HVAC Building Systems Design Excellence Award; – the Engineering Technology and Innovation – Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) Design Excellence Award.

The Business and Development Awards categories include the Business Excellence Award, the Small/Medium Company of the Year and Mentoring Company of the Year.

The individual awards comprise the Young Engineer of the Year, the Mentor of the Year, the Lifetime Industry Achievement Award and the Visionary Client of the Year Award.

For further information and to attend the awards, visit: www.cesa.co.za/cesa-awards-landing.

BUILDER’S VIEW

When deciding which pump best meets the needs of your dewatering project, you will be faced with a wide variety of diesel and electric models. Every dewatering project will invariably demand a specific priority, such as the volume to be pumped, the amount of solids in the liquid, emission limits or performance. Meeting this need requires a grasp of diesel and electric pumps’ comparative advantages.

FIVE MAIN CONSIDERATIONS

As a leader in dewatering solutions with over 16 years in the business, IPR was recently appointed the master distributor in Southern Africa for Atlas Copco

FIVE TIPS WHEN CHOOSING A DIESEL OR ELECTRIC PUMP

dewatering pumps. IPR carries a wide range of both diesel-powered and electric Atlas Copco pump solutions for purchase and rental.

Expert Steve du Toit, product manager of IPR, provides five key insights that will help you understand the respective benefits of each option:

FIRST CONSIDERATION

“The first consideration is usually the volume of water to be discharged, which relates to the power and flow of the pump,” says Du Toit. “Atlas Copco’s dieselpowered centrifugal pumps are designed for high volumes, with a typical flow range of 10-1 500m³ per hour.”

(Right): Atlas Copco’s PAS 300HF 440 diesel-driven skid-mounted pump.

(Above): IPR offers both the Atlas Copco electric submersible and diesel-driven pump range.

(Above): Access to power is an important consideration when selecting a pump.

Related to the pump’s power is the head it can achieve, which in these pumps can reach over 50m. Du Toit notes that the pumps can also operate in a variable speed range, so they can manage different flowhead combinations.

“By way of comparison, electric submersible pumps can offer power ratings up to about 80kW and can typically manage flows up to 20 000 litres per minute, with a maximum head of 85,” he explains. “However, some higher head pumps also available.”

SECOND CONSIDERATION

The second consideration is the amount and nature of solids in the water to be pumped. Diesel-driven centrifugal pumps can manage both clean and dirty water, as well as water carrying trash and fibrous materials. Thanks to features such as semi-open impellers and abrasion-resistant pump casings, these pumps can handle solids up to 76mm in size.

“In contrast, electric submersible pumps have the ability to handle abrasive materials and solids up to 12mm – or even higher, with sludge pumps,” says Du Toit. “When a project involves the pumping of suspended solids, it’s ideal to equip the pumps with hardened impellers.”

THIRD CONSIDERATION

It is important to consider the application’s particular limitations. Underground mining, for instance, will usually require the units to be easily portable and have no emissions. This makes electric submersible dewatering pumps the right choice.

“On the other hand, fully automatic, self-priming diesel centrifugal pumps are the de facto choice for delivering fast dewatering solutions to sites where an alternative power source, such as a generator or mains feed, isn’t available,” says Du Toit.

FOURTH CONSIDERATION

He highlights the performance of dewatering pumps as a fourth point to consider. Submersible pumps can provide days of unattended dewatering operations, even in the toughest environments where the water table needs to be lowered.

hours and can continue to operate even when significant volumes of air are introduced. They can run in these “snore” conditions as a result of an oil-free diaphragm vacuum pump’s automatic priming. Extralarge fuel tanks can allow them to run for longer periods without refuelling.

FIFTH CONSIDERATION

“They’ll also make less noise impact on the immediate environment, so they can be run during the night, even in densely populated areas, without causing any disturbance,” says Du Toit. “Some models can run for up to 2 000 hours without needing attention and can even sustain dry running conditions.”

Atlas Copco’s centrifugal pumps have fuel autonomy of around 40

The fifth factor in selecting pumps is maintenance and service, says Du Toit. Atlas Copco’s electric submersible pumps are extremely durable and offer high wear-resistance. The modular construction of these types of pump provides for simplified maintenance procedures, with some models having on-site servicing and parts replacement kits, including seals and impellers.

“Maintaining centrifugal pumps is also easy, with the exception of replacing wear parts and engine filters,” says Du Toit. “What’s important in this type of equipment is the inclusion of advanced controllers with datamonitoring capabilities. These can alert the owners or operators when service interventions are required.”

(Above): Ease of access for maintenance is also a consideration.

(Above): Atlas Copco has an extensive range of electric submersible pumps.

CONSTRUCTION OF THE MULTI-MILLION-RAND

PRINCESS MKABAYI MALL

The retail landscape in Vryheid, KwaZulu-Natal, will be bolstered by a sustainable new world-class shopping mall.

Construction on the Princess Mkabayi Mall is underway, much to the excitement of locals, who have long been awaiting the opening of this new shopping centre.

Development is progressing quickly, with earthworks having commenced and the mall already 75% let – almost 18 months ahead of its October 2024 opening.

A LONG TIME COMING

This project has been years in the making, with the original sodturning ceremony taking place in 2021. It has now gained pace, with the official site handover a few weeks ago and a site visit

with shareholders, municipal representatives and local roleplayers on 27 June.

Named after the fierce Zulu warrior princess, the mall’s title was authorised and blessed by the late Zulu monarch, King Goodwill Zwelithini kaBhekuzulu, during a meeting between him and Roux Shabangu, founder and executive chairperson of JB Holdings. The single-level 30 000m² regional mall will rival some of the best shopping destinations in the province and bring an air of sophistication to the retail landscape in the AbaQulusi Local Municipality area.

It is set to be the biggest consolidated retail offering in an almost 100km radius and will also form part of a larger mixeduse development that aims to eventually include an office park, a hotel, a casino and upmarket apartments.

POSITIVE DEVELOPMENT

The Princess Mkabayi Mall is coowned by the Moolman Group, Twin City, JB Holdings and Green Giraffe, which has a well-established track record of partnering on and delivering various large and successful projects.

The Moolman Group’s development director, Steph Beyers, says the shareholder partnership is excited about the prospect of offering Vryheid and the surrounding regions a centralised retail proposition.

“We’re pleased and proud to move ahead on this long-awaited project and encouraged by the enthusiastic retailer response. This is an incredible achievement for all,” he says.

Situated on a prime, easily accessible 23ha site, the Princess Mkabayi Mall will be home to a vibrant mix of national tenants and retailers which are not yet

(Below): An artist’s impression of the Princess Mkabayi Mall.

represented in the region. It will be anchored by Shoprite, Checkers, Dis-Chem, Woolworths Food and Clicks. Other new additions include Cape Union Mart, Old Khaki, Crazy Plastics and Crazy Pets.

In addition to the obvious retail advantages of the mall, its location on Oos Street – bound by Vryheid Airport and Hoërskool Pionier – makes it ideal for shoppers. Furthermore, it is positioned just south of Vryheid’s centre, on a juncture of main roads that lead to schools, residential neighbourhoods and other outlying areas, and within close proximity to both the Lakeside and Bheka Zala townships.

Access to and exit from the shopping centre’s 831 free, open parking bays will be via two entrances, while public transport will be available at a central taxi rank.

POWERED FOR THE FUTURE

Even more exciting, says Ryno de Leeuw of Twin City, is that the mall will be solar-powered and

equipped with a generator to ensure non-stop shopping during load-shedding.

“Adding to its environmentally friendly credentials, the mall will also have its own water plant from which water will be used in the irrigation system for the gardens,” he adds.

Among the mall’s many highlights is its beautiful and deeply considered interior, with various artistic touchpoints and thoughtful

details that create an excellent overall experience.

“Shoppers at Mkabayi Mall will be able to enjoy free wifi, charging stations, workstations and comfortable seating,” adds Moolman Group retail director Sonke Moolman-Pautz. “The mall will include a large entertainment space and play area for children, a central meeting area and eateries for all tastes.”

Even the main entrance will feature striking design elements to accommodate and entertain visitors.

Ultimately, says Shabangu, the Princess Mkabayi Mall will “quench the need for a retail facility in the region and become a soughtafter and convenient shopping destination for the people of its area and the province”.

The mall has been designed by MDS Architects.

(Left): Sod-turning for the Princess Mkabayi Mall: Cllr Nonkululeko Ndlela (Speaker, AbaQulusi Local Municipality), Roux Shabangu, Cllr Sifiso Mkhwanazi (Mayor, AbaQulusi Local Municipality), Prince Simphiwe Zulu (partner at Green Giraffe), Deebo Mzobe (partner at Green Giraffe) and Steph Beyers.

(Below): Site commencement walk at the Princess Mkabayi Mall.

BUILDING WEALTH WITHIN THE RENTAL PROPERTY BOOM

As interest rates continue to rise (hitting a 14-year high at 8,25%) and challenging economic conditions prevail, home-buying has slowed. “Many South Africans simply can’t afford to buy property and others don’t want the commitment of owning a property,” says Antonie Goosen, principal and owner of Meridian Realty. “This is a far cry from the sellers’ market we saw from 20202021 at the height of the Covid-19 pandemic. People were scrambling to buy property and attaining

favourable, low-interest loans. Now the opposite applies: many with flexi-bonds can’t afford the sharp increase in monthly payments, what with the increased cost of living and stagnant salary growth.”

SIGNIFICANT ESCALATION

According to TPN’s latest Rental Monitor released in May this year, the third and fourth quarters of 2022 saw rental escalations increase from a national average of 3,02% to 3,56%. The report goes on to say: “Property-owners can expect rental growth to continue its upward trajectory in 2023 and 2024 if interest rates remain high.” It details how rising interest rates “act as a deterrent to homeownership”, with an increasing number of households choosing to rent, increasing demand for rental stock and ultimately driving rental escalations. The report points out that as of the fourth quarter of 2022, higher rental brackets are seeing enhanced rental growth. “Properties with rentals of more than R12 000 per month are seeing

escalations of 4,38% followed by rentals of R7 000-R12 000 per month, which are growing at 4,16%. The lower end of the rental market – properties priced from R3 000R7 000 per month – escalated at 3,2%, while tenants paying less than R3 000 per month saw escalations of 3,33%.”

MANAGEMENT-INTENSIVE

So now would be a good time to invest to rent, although investors must take all tax considerations into account and work with a trusted advisor not only to understand the tax implications of investing to rent, but also to manage the rental agreements, the property itself and the tenants.

Goosen says that buying to rent can be a rewarding venture, providing passive income and potential appreciation in property value. “There are various aspects of tax on rental incomes to consider when deciding to invest,” he says, adding that one of the most important considerations when looking at

(Riught): Antonie Goosen, principal and owner of Meridian Realty.

deductions is the type of ownership of the property. He also says there are strategies which investors can implement to ease their tax burden and rental income.

The fact is that rental income is subject to taxation and should be declared alongside other taxable income sources, such as salaries, wages or dividends. The tax burden depends on how investors structure the property ownership, whether it be personally, through a trust or via a company.

PROTECTING ASSETS: MANAGING TAX

Personal ownership means that net rental income after allowable expenses is added to one’s personal taxable income, potentially pushing one into a higher tax bracket. Purchasing a property through a trust can protect assets and offer tax benefits. Rental income generated by the trust may be taxed in the hands of the beneficiaries, potentially lowering the overall

tax liability. Comparing personal income tax rates with corporate tax rates is essential when using a company to grow property portfolios. As a shareholder receiving dividends from a company, the effective tax rate of the rental income could be as high as 40%, after corporate and dividend withholding tax.

DEDUCTIONS AND CONSULTATIONS

SARS allows property-owners to reduce their tax liability by claiming deductions for certain expenses

incurred during the property rental period. The deductible permissible expenses include:

• Rates and taxes.

• Bond interest.

• Advertisements.

• Agent’s fees.

• Home-owner’s insurance.

• Garden services.

• Repairs and maintenance.

• Security and property levies. However, deductions should be proportionate if only a part of the property is rented out. Furthermore, improvement costs (as opposed to repairs and maintenance) are not deductible, but can help lower capital gains tax liability when selling the property.

“There are three key strategies investors should follow to get the most out of their investment,” says Goosen. “Firstly, get professional advice. Secondly, don’t try to skirt any of your obligations to SARS

(Left): A firm grip on the taxation models relevant to investment properties will shield one from any financial surprises and is fundamental to successful property investment.

(Below): The market for both residential and commercial property is particularly strong right now, with demand for storage units also showing growth.

“PERSONAL OWNERSHIP MEANS THAT NET RENTAL INCOME AFTER ALLOWABLE EXPENSES IS ADDED TO ONE’S PERSONAL TAXABLE INCOME, POTENTIALLY PUSHING ONE INTO A HIGHER TAX BRACKET.”

BUILDING BUSINESS

as a buy-to-rent investor. Thirdly, if you’ve evaded tax, consider the voluntary disclosure programme.”

Consulting a tax specialist before renting out a property can provide a clear understanding of deductible expenses and potential tax liabilities. This knowledge will enable investors to make informed decisions about their rental property investment.

MORE AUDIT EXPOSURE

SARS recently emphasised the tax obligations of investors receiving rental income from hosting fee-paying guests. It is essential for investors to declare

this income and claim appropriate deductions to avoid falling foul of tax regulations. Non-compliant taxpayers could face audits, additional tax assessments and penalties of up to 200% on the additional tax. Investors who have not declared rental income can regularise their affairs by applying for voluntary disclosure relief with SARS. If approved, only additional tax and interest will be imposed, avoiding penalties.

“Navigating the complexities of tax on rental incomes is essential for property investors seeking to maximise returns on their investments. By understanding the tax implications, potential deductions and the importance of

compliance with SARS regulations, investors can make informed decisions and avoid unnecessary tax burdens,” says Goosen.

PROFESSIONAL HELP

With rental income a viable investment option in the current economic climate and all facts pointing towards a rental boom, building wealth through property investment is an achievable goal. Connecting with the right property professional who has deep property, market and tax knowledge can reduce the risk of buy-to-let property purchases. With all the necessary facts on hand and all tax implications carefully considered, rental income can prove fruitful for property investors in SA.

(Below): With the high interest rate environment, residential property development is on the rise as an attractive proposition.

Instrotech, the local representative of Optris, offers fire protection through infra-red cameras and IR measurement technology.

CUSTOMER REQUESTS

A shredding facility operates unmanned for an extended period and has known risks for starting a fire, such as heat, fuel sources and oxygen. The friction of the scrap generates heat which, together with oxygen, can ignite existing flammable liquids such as fuels, oils and grease, as well as materials like paper and cardboard.

In unguarded facilities, a fire can spread significantly before detection. Metal-shredding plants are often located in less fortified production halls, where there is an increased risk of personal injury and machine damage.

THE OPTRIS SOLUTION

Optris offers the solution with infra-red cameras of the Xi and PI series. Increased temperatures in shredders, which can lead to a fire, are detected early and a reliable alarm avoids dangerous situations.

For example, the latest solution from Optris, the compact IR camera Xi 410, works fully autonomously. In an

INFRA-RED MEASUREMENT TECHNOLOGY FOR SCRAP RECYCLING

alarm situation, the sensor independently sends signals to process instances that can, for example, shut down the motor or disconnect the power supply to affected shredders.

• Optical resolution: 384 x 240 pixels

• Spectral range: 8-14µm.

• Temperature range: -20°C bis 900°C.

• Spot to distance ratio (D:S): 390:1 (18° optics).

• Motorised focus.

• Thermal sensitivity: (NETD) 80mK.

• System accuracy (at ambient temperature 23 ±5°C): ±2°C or ±2%. The larger value applies.

• Ambient temperature (TUmg): 0-50°C.

OTHER ADVANTAGES

Features such as motor focus and an integrated auto hotspot-finder make rugged and compact imagers like the Xi 410 ideal for safety-related applications, especially in the area of preventive fire protection and condition-monitoring of machinery and equipment. The optical components of the infra-red cameras can also be kept clean in harsh environments by using air-purge sleeves.

“IN UNGUARDED FACILITIES, A FIRE CAN SPREAD SIGNIFICANTLY BEFORE DETECTION.”

(Above): In unmanned shredding facilities, fire can spread significantly before detection.

(Above): The Optris IR camera detects critical temperatures and reliably alarms.

(Right): The Optris XI and PI Series –optimal for use in fire prevention.

ANKER LAUNCHES POWERHOUSE IN SA:

THE HERO A HOME NEEDS

Anker, a global leader in charging technology, has announced the launch of its PowerHouse 521 and 535 models in South Africa, providing a dependable and affordable solution to the country’s persistent power instability.

In a region frequently disrupted by load-shedding and power shortages, Anker’s PowerHouse is a reliable “hero” which ensures a steady power supply when it is needed most.

As an embodiment of the company’s slogan, “Every home needs a hero”, the PowerHouse offers consumers resilience against power disruptions, enabling them to maintain their lifestyle and productivity even during power outages.

The new line-up of highcapacity PowerHouse stations models are designed with a keen understanding of the unique challenges South African consumers face. Key features of the range include pass-through charging, a substantial five-year warranty and a 10-year lifespan, providing customers with a longterm, reliable solution for their power needs.

“Anker PowerHouse is more than just a power back-up – it’s a necessity during load-shedding periods,” says Faraz Mehdi, general manager: Middle East, Africa and South Asia, Anker Innovations. “For instance, during unexpected outages, it can

power utilities, allowing children to continue their studies without interruption. For those dependent on equipment that runs on electricity, the PowerHouse ensures that the devices remain operational, adding an extra layer of security and peace of mind. With PowerHouse, we’re aiming to bring South Africans a reliable, user-friendly solution that helps to maintain their daily routines and supports their lifestyles, health and well-being during periods of power instability.”

ANKER 535 PORTABLE POWER STATION

The Anker 535 Portable Power Station is a power storage solution that features a rugged design, multiple charging ports and a builtin lighting bar. With 512Wh (138k mAh) of power capacity and 500W total output power, the 535 station is able to charge any mobile device including smartphones, tablets and laptops, as well as small appliances and medical equipment such as CPAP machines. This makes it an ideal tool for situations when there is no access to electricity, for outdoor activities such as hiking or camping and during blackouts or natural disasters.

ANKER 521 PORTABLE POWER STATION

With 256Wh (69k mAh) of power

“BEYOND OFFERING DEPENDABLE POWER BACKUP, ANKER POWERHOUSE ALSO TAKES INTO ACCOUNT THE NEED FOR AFFORDABILITY.”

capacity and 200W total output power, the 521 Portable Power Station is an entry-level portable station by Anker. The station is durable and convenient, featuring a drop-proof design and industrystandard components with a 50 000-hour life expectancy –five times more than the market average. The PowerHouse 521 is the perfect portable companion for any outdoor enthusiast.

ANKER 757 PORTABLE POWER STATION

With 1 229Wh (330k mAh) of power capacity and 1 500W total output power, the Anker 757 PowerHouse is set to revolutionise portable battery generators. Soon to be launched, this innovative product will be available in stores by the end of July 2023. Unlike other

power stations that take hours to recharge, the Anker 757 PowerHouse can be charged from zero capacity to over 80% in just one hour, thanks to HyperFlash technology. This bi-directional inverter draws power from the standard AC plug at faster speeds. Additionally, the Anker 757 PowerHouse boasts a remarkable five-year full device warranty – three years longer than the industry average – ensuring peace of mind for its users.

“Beyond offering dependable power back-up, Anker PowerHouse also takes into account the need for affordability,” says Grant Norton, CEO of Premium Brand Distributors. “Despite its advanced features and long-term reliability, PowerHouse offers excellent value for money, making it a practical

choice for South African customers facing regular power shortages.”

For the convenience of customers, the PowerHouse Power Stations can be purchased online from leading outlets, including Takealot, Incredible Connection, Hi-Fi Corp and ORMS. Additionally, customers seeking an in-person shopping experience can find the PowerHouses at Hi-Fi Corp, Incredible Connection, The Digital Experience, New World, ORMS, OutdoorPhoto, Cine Photo Tools and Teljoy. Pricing is available at all participating retailers.

No more disrupted daily activities or productivity losses due to power outages. With Anker PowerHouse, a home has the hero it needs to save the day.

There’s a buzz around JSE-listed Emira Property Fund right now –and it has nothing to do with the stock exchange. While bulls and bears tend to be associated with listed property, Emira is quietly throwing its weight behind another essential commodity: bees.

Since 2020, SA REIT Emira (JSE: EMI) has installed 16 beehives at eight of its properties in Gauteng and KwaZulu-Natal – and more are planned, wherever and whenever suitable.

THE BEEHIVE PROJECT

“The beehive project was chosen to address the decline of global bee populations, which contribute so much to society, as well as the biodiversity of our properties,” says Ulana van Biljon, chief operating officer of Emira.

Bees are vital for pollinating plants, including food crops. According to the UN’s Food and Agriculture Organisation, a full one-third of global food production depends on them as pollinators.

Simply put, all life on the planet relies on these essential workers, but they are increasingly threatened by human activity, habitat loss, pesticides, air pollution and climate change.

“Our bee conservation project is a holistic approach to reducing the impact of environmental degradation, which goes beyond planting trees,” says Van Biljon.

The first hives were installed in August 2020 in Johannesburg at the Knightsbridge office park in the heart of the Bryanston business

“HI, HONEY, I’M HOME

node and Hyde Park Lane, a tranquil corporate address in Sandton.

SITE SELECTION

These sites, says Van Biljon, were selected “due to their safe site location, the biodiversity of the surrounding landscape and the abundance of flowering plants which provide the nectar flow for the bees to produce honey”.

Subsequently, beehives were introduced at the Wonderpark Shopping Centre in Pretoria North, One Highveld industrial premises in Centurion, Pretoria, the Springfield open-air retail centre in Umgeni, Durban, the Park Boulevard shopping centre in Durban North, Albury Park (a garden-life office environment in Dunkeld, Johannesburg) and the Epsom Downs Office Park near the William Nicol off-ramp in Sandton.

Safety concerns were carefully considered, says Van Biljon, noting

(Top): The honeys collected from Emira’s different properties all taste unique.

(Above): Ulana van Biljon, chief operating officer of Emira Property Fund.

that the public lives in harmony with bees anyway: there are many natural swarms of them throughout the country’s cities.

Emira’s beehives are managed in a safe, controlled environment, away from areas of heavy foot traffic and clearly signposted, while beekeeping activities take place at night.

SWEET, SUSTAINABLE SUCCESS

The results so far have been sweet: these busy little workers have produced 85kg of honey to date from five hive sites: Knightsbridge (8kg), One Highveld (15kg), Hyde Park Lane (19kg), Wonderpark (20kg) and Albury Park (23kg).

The first honey harvests were shared among Emira staff and a few service providers, creating awareness of the importance of preserving biodiversity. It is their

intention to make future honey available for their tenants at properties which have the hives.

To the delight of the recipients, the honeys collected from the different properties all tasted unique. Bees tend to collect nectar within 3km of their hives, which meant Johannesburg honey was crafted largely from

exotic garden ornamental plants such as jasmine, lavender, rosemary and jacaranda trees. Meanwhile, Pretoria North has more indigenous plants, acacias and grassland flowers, meaning the honey from there has darker, flavourful herbal tannins.

ALL DELICIOUS

The honey is not for sale, although Emira is open to investigating charity initiatives as its buzzy new tenants continue to upscale production; instead, the profit is in biodiversity.

“Biodiversity’s vital for healthy ecosystems, which support human well-being and the economy,” says Van Biljon. “Healthy ecosystems form the ecological infrastructure of the country, providing clean air and water, fertile soil and food.”

As part of Emira’s dedication to good environmental, social and governance practices, it has committed to a “No Net Future Loss” policy, conserving and promoting biodiversity across its portfolio and reducing the company’s impact on the environment.

“The country’s natural ecosystems are threatened by land use change, degradation and invasive alien species,” says Van Biljon. “Climate change worsens these threats, but healthy ecosystems offer natural solutions that increase resilience. They protect communities from extreme weather events and enhance natural resources, livelihoods, food security and habitats for animals and plants.”

With the beehive project, Emira is putting bees firmly into business.

(Above): Emira’s beehives are managed in a controlled environment, safely tucked away from areas of heavy foot traffic and clearly signposted.

“THE RESULTS SO FAR HAVE BEEN SWEET: THESE BUSY LITTLE WORKERS HAVE PRODUCED 85KG OF HONEY TO DATE FROM FIVE HIVE SITES.”

(Below): Beekeeping activities at Emira’s hives take place at night.

CTRACK CHANNELS ITS “POWER TO PREDICT ”

Ctrack is transforming its business with its slogan, “The power to predict”, at the nucleus of this new strategy.

The company has a 38-year history of market leadership and disruption in telematics, fleet management and technology development. Highlights include developing the technology behind the first multi-box tracking unit in 1997, Discovery Insure’s usagebased insurance in 2011 and the launch of Crystal in 2022.

“With the emergence of big data, we realised that we needed to offer our clients solutions which allow them to utilise that data in the most efficient way possible,” says CEO Hein Jordt.

The power to predict goes hand in hand with the core pillars of Ctrack’s ongoing research and development efforts, aimed at helping customers reduce risk and minimise safety hazards, optimise fleet productivity and efficiency, improve asset management and tracking, manage and improve

driver behaviour and automate and streamline compliance. This has resulted in flourishing, long-term business relationships.

Ctrack’s key software solution is Crystal, a single, all-encompassing, cloud-based platform where AI telematics meets data intelligence and offers all the functionality that consumers need in one location.

Live data allows fleet managers to keep their finger on the pulse of daily operations, identify any untoward situation and act preemptively.

Crystal is fully customisable and can be applied to any industry. The platform allows for efficient job management, assigning tasks and planning routes. Alerts ensure that the right people are informed ahead of time, every time. At any point in the day, fleet managers can view a snapshot summary that gives them an instant view of crucial, relevant data in real-time.

Communication down the supply chain has been optimised

with the addition of powerful modules such as the “electronic proof of delivery”, which gives all parties automatic objective and transparent evidence that operational milestones have been achieved.

Users are now able to add camera and video technology to the Crystal suite, offering a live feed into the inside of the vehicle and of the person operating it. In addition, the Ctrack Bureau service facilitates the use of AI technology that works along with the camera systems to automate the process of identifying driver transgressions.

Crystal’s scalability extends even further with SMART integrations, seamlessly connecting with thirdparty applications that cater to clients’ specific industry needs. This includes activating bespoke SMILE scripts, monitoring trailers, implementing breathalysers or keeping an eye on temperatures in the cold chain.

The Crystal mobile app is available in both Google and Apple stores.

ZUTARI CELEBRATES THE IMPACT OF ITS PROJECTS ON SA

Celebrating its 90th anniversary last year, leading consulting engineering and infrastructure advisory firm Zutari is showcasing some of the leading projects that has allowed it to make a meaningful impact on South Africa’s socio-economic landscape.

“It’s about the positive impact we have on society, our communities, the environment and all aspects of the economy,” says Zutari CEO Teddy Daka. He adds that this is related to Zutari’s core value of “We Are One”.

“It’s a deeply rooted idea in Zutari and South African culture that the world we live in today isn’t just ours. It belongs to future generations. Impact is about ensuring that we don’t disappoint in this goal by creating an environment only for ourselves that’s liveable, but also declare our commitment to leaving a legacy for others to follow after us.”

He stresses that Zutari is unable to make this impact on its own. “It’s only possible because of the

clients who give us challenges and problems to solve. Hence, we extend our gratitude to them for affording us the opportunity to work on projects that highlight how we can make an impact with solutions that add value to people’s lives.”

One of these projects is the Zandvliet Wastewater Treatment Works (WWTW), the thirdlargest in the City of Cape Town, serving some of its densest, fastest-growing and poorest communities. For years it has been overloaded and has polluted the downstream Kuils River, leading to severe degradation of the river and estuarine ecosystem on which communities depend for smallscale agriculture and fishing.

Over the past decade, government has prohibited housing and development in the catchment because the receiving Zandvliet WWTW could not accommodate the additional flow. This development moratorium has left thousands without dignified housing or sanitation and stalled economic development.

(Above): The TASEZ Cluster in Tshwane is the largest automotive city in Africa.

(Left): Zandvliet Wastewater WWTW is the third-largest in Cape Town.

Zutari was appointed in 2013 to design a suitable solution and manage construction to increase capacity at the Zandvliet WWTW. Over the past decade, it has been steadily and methodically assisting the city through planning, concept and detailed designs, licensing and environmental authorisation, contract administration, construction and commissioning. To date, the company has completed all designs and has implemented six of the eight construction contracts.

“This project embodied a combination of technical mastery and digital acumen to co-create an engineered impact,” says Imraan Paleker from Water, Waste and Energy at Zutari. The project was a showcase for 3D modelling and the first to develop a virtual reality model, according to chemical engineer Daniel Petrie.

“It was particularly helpful, as it allowed our client to understand the design. Looking at 2D drawings isn’t how we experience the world. Being able to look at it in 3D, even though it was virtual, gave the client the confidence they wanted to take it on and operate it well into the future,” says Petrie.

Another feature of Zandvliet is the sophistication of the instrumentation and information management adopted for a working plant. “It’s unlike any wastewater treatment plant in the municipal space to

which we’ve been exposed,” says Petrie. Real-life remote access to the data being accumulated will allow Zutari to track and pick up on any opportunities for process optimisation.

Zandvliet is a showcase of Zutari’s capabilities in the digital space, with the company embarking on a journey to become a fully-fledged digital practice by 2025, says deputy CEO Dr Gustav Rohde.

“It will improve our delivery process, remove duplication and help address any client pain points. We want to make sure that our clients benefit not only from our increased efficiency, but from our

understanding of the digital space itself. The ‘digital world’ means we can now connect things; we can connect infrastructure to people.”

Another flagship project which is testament to the role that creating adaptable infrastructure plays in economic development is the TASEZ Cluster 2 Ford Frame in Tshwane. The Ford Frame building has a massive footprint of 78 000m² and a gross building area of about 100 000m². It essentially serves as a manufacturing, painting and storage factory for the new Ford chassis in SA.

The vision for the project was to be the benchmark for special economic zones in SA and a major creator of new businesses, contributing to employment through transformation and socioeconomic development, while prioritising the growth of the local automotive sector.

Similarly ambitious were the engineering challenges facing the project team, both technically and

(Below): The TASEZ Cluster 2 Ford Frame in Tshwane was completed in record time.

“IT GENERATED 20 000 EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES, OF WHICH 2 000 WERE PERMANENT.”

from a programming perspective, to effectively deliver this project on time, fit-for-purpose and within budget.

“It’s the largest automotive city in Africa,” says Daniel Struwig, technical specialist: structural engineering. “The project was delivered in record time and involved a massive collaborative effort.” It generated 20 000 employment opportunities, of which 2 000 were permanent.

Ultimately, Zutari “delivers long-lasting and future-proof infrastructure through humancentred design and engineering”, says Joe Ndala, chief financial officer. “Our approach delivers robust infrastructure with multiple life-cycles.”

Webb Meko, chief clients officer, adds that Zutari “promotes the concept of responsible engineering to co-create impactful infrastructure. We believe this can be done in a manner sensitive to the environment.”

“Zutari showcases its inclusive methods to present opportunities for all stakeholders and result in solutions that deliver human dignity. At the end of the day, impact means accelerated, equitable quality of life for all,” says Dr Eduard Vorster, MD: resources.

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(Below): The Zandvliet WWTW was the first to develop a VR model.

To serve all our customers in the best way possible, continually expanding our parts range is one of our main goals at TVH. That is why, at the beginning of this year, we welcomed a fourth member to our small earth-moving family: the backhoe loader! High time for a chat with TVH expert Joris Tijtgat to get some interesting insights into this addition.

COUNTLESS PARTS FOR SMALL EARTH-MOVERS

In 2020, TVH introduced parts and accessories for three small earthmovers to its range: miniexcavators, skid steer loaders and compact track loaders. “That addition didn’t come out of the blue,” says Tijtgat. “We were already helping countless customers and had many fitting parts in stock. However, the official launch did signal the further development of our offer.

“Currently, we take proactive action for parts and accessories suitable for nine focus makes: Bobcat, Case, Caterpillar, JCB, John Deere, Kubota, Takeuchi, Volvo and Yanmar. In addition, we reactively develop parts for makes other than our nine focuses, such as Hitachi, Komatsu, Terex and Wacker Neuson. In that way, we’ve already accumulated over 4 million known references for small earthmovers.

EXPANSION IS KEY

“Of course, we’re not stopping there. Continually expanding our range – especially for small earth-movers – is one of our

PARTS FOR BACKHOE LOADERS AND TVH –A HAPPY MARRIAGE

main goals, whether that be with new parts, new makes or new equipment types,” says Tijtgat. “With those three options, there’s always one common denominator: their introduction to our range is largely based on the needs of our customers. Naturally, we also keep a close watch on the market and take action according to all trends and developments within small earth-moving equipment, but the most important influences are the needs and expectations of all our customers.

ENTER BACKHOE LOADERS

“For that reason, we officially added parts and accessories for backhoe loaders to our range at the beginning of this year. A

backhoe loader consists of a tractor-like unit with a bucket at the front and a rear hydraulic excavator arm or backhoe at the back. Each of these components suits a particular job, making the machine extremely versatile. As a result, backhoe loaders are ideal for performing all kinds of earth-moving jobs in demanding environments such as construction, agriculture, landscaping and more.”

TVH is your global one-stop shop for parts and accessories for material handling, industrial, construction and agricultural equipment. Visit: www.tvh.com.

(Above): Joris Tijtgat.

MAJOR HIGHWAY PROJECTS CONSTRUCTED

AROUND INCLUSIVE DEVELOPMENT

A leading global multi-disciplinary professional firm is actively involved in several major strategic highway projects across Gauteng. Forged on strong relationships with key stakeholders, including renowned developers in the province, the goal is to execute largescale road projects strategically aimed at unlocking the potential for socio-economic growth and development in the region.

THE POWER OF PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS IN PUBLIC DEVELOPMENT

WSP in Africa has proven to be a dependable partner for the Gauteng Department of Roads & Transport. “We’ve managed to build a resilient relationship with the department, leveraging our proven track record and expert consulting services to contribute to Gauteng’s infrastructure development,” says Sameshan Naidoo, principal associate: Transport & Infrastructure at WSP in Africa.

A prominent aspect of WSP’s strategy involves working closely with the province and developers to actualise these projects. The organisation’s agile approach ensures smooth operations, despite fluctuating local government structures. It also provides consistent oversight throughout the project life-cycle, ensuring all infrastructure is built according to current best-practice design,

complemented with construction quality control and assurance.

REACHING DEEP INTO COMMUNITY NETWORKS

WSP’s engagement with the Gauteng provincial road projects and the various developers working on them demonstrates its commitment to the local drive for township informal and housing developments. These projects not only create strategic links between previously inaccessible areas, but also generate jobs, benefiting socially sensitive and previously disadvantaged communities such as Diepsloot, Sharpeville and Alexandra.

To enhance transparency and efficiency, WSP uses cloudbased BIM-enabled software, enabling all stakeholders to monitor the project progress in real time. “Our approach allows developers, contractors and clients to stay informed about all onsite activities without physically being there, enabled by fully digital construction management environment,” explains Naidoo.

BUILDING ROADS BEYOND CONSTRUCTION

Significantly, these projects are not just about road construction: they are also about communitybuilding, social welfare and economic growth. Through these infrastructural developments, WSP is contributing to the creation

of new communities, providing access to road networks and fostering economic opportunities. “Everything we do locally adheres to our international best-practice standards, particularly regarding sustainability and decarbonisation. This is central to our work,” says Naidoo.

THE GAUTENG MAJOR STRATEGIC HIGHWAY PROJECTS CURRENTLY UNDERWAY INCLUDE:

• The K46 William Nicol project, in partnership with a major Gauteng-based developer.

• The K56 & Erling Road project, a greenfield project run in conjunction with two major developers that is planned to commence construction in the third quarter of this year.

• K174 – Riverwalk Interchange in Vanderbijlpark, where WSP is working closely with Gauteng. It is expected to conclude by March 2024.

• The K73 – Allandale upgrade, which aims to unlock numerous development opportunities and is expected to be complete by October this year.

Phase one of the K155 Linksfield project is anticipated to start construction later this year. The D483 Rehabilitation project, which includes the upgrade of the road to Cullinan, is nearing completion.

TRANSFORMATIVE PROJECTS

As WSP continues working on these transformative projects, it reinforces its commitment to playing a critical role in developing the Gauteng region’s infrastructure and enhancing the lives of local communities.

“Additionally, we’re focused on attracting, developing and retaining talented engineering, project delivery and construction management staff. We do this by providing relevant construction experience for young engineers to obtain their professional registrations and also attract talent by working on major road projects such as these,” says Naidoo.

EARTH GROUND TESTING: THE METHODS

Facilities need to have adequately grounded electrical systems so that in the event of a lightning strike, or utility overvoltage, current will find a safe path to earth. Poor grounding increases the risk of equipment failure and is very dangerous.

There are four types of earth ground testing methods available:

• Soil resistivity (using stakes).

• Fall-of-potential (using stakes).

• Selective (using one clamp and stakes).

• Stakeless (using only two clamps).

WHY DETERMINE THE SOIL RESISTIVITY?

Soil resistivity is critical when determining the design of the grounding system for new installations (greenfield applications) to meet ground resistance requirements. Ideally, you would find a location with the lowest possible resistance. However, more elaborate grounding systems can overcome poor soil conditions.

The soil composition, moisture content and temperature impact soil resistivity. Soil is rarely homogenous and its resistivity will vary geographically and at different soil depths. Moisture content changes seasonally and varies according to the nature of the sub-layers of the earth and the depth of the permanent water table. Since soil and water are generally more stable at deeper strata, it is recommended that the ground rods be placed as deeply as possible into the earth, at the

water table, if possible. Ground rods should be installed where there is a stable temperature (below the frost line) and designed to withstand the worst possible conditions.

HOW TO CALCULATE SOIL RESISTIVITY

The measuring procedure described below uses the universally accepted Wenner method developed by Dr Frank

(Below): Soil resistivity testing set-up.

(Below): Fall-of-potential method.

Wenner of the US Bureau of Standards in A Method of Measuring Earth Resistivity (Bull, National Bureau of Standards, Bull 12(4) 258, pps478-496; 1915/16).

THE FORMULA IS AS FOLLOWS:

ρ

 = 2 A R

(

Fluke 1625 generates a known current through the two outer ground stakes and the drop in voltage potential is measured between the two inner ground stakes. Using Ohm’s Law (V = IR), the Fluke tester automatically calculates the soil resistance.

ρ

 = the average soil resistivity to depth A in ohm – centimetres)

 = 3,1416

A = the distance between the electrodes in centimetres

R = the measured resistance value in ohms from the test instrument

Note: Divide ohm – centimetres by 100 to convert to ohm – metres. Just watch your units.

HOW TO MEASURE SOIL RESISTANCE

To test soil resistivity, connect the ground tester as shown below:

As you can see, four earth ground stakes are positioned in the soil in a straight line, equidistant from one another. The distance between earth ground stakes should be at least three times greater than the stake depth. So if the depth of each ground stake is 0,30m, ensure that the distance between stakes is greater than 0,91m. The

Because measurement results are often distorted and invalidated by underground pieces of metal, underground aquifers, etc, additional measurements where the stake’s axis is turned 90˚ are always recommended. Changing the depth and distance several times produces a profile that can determine a suitable ground resistance system.

Soil resistivity measurements are often corrupted by the existence of ground currents and their harmonics. The Fluke 1625 uses an automatic frequency control system to prevent this from occurring. This automatically selects the testing frequency with the least amount of noise, enabling you to get a precise reading.

FALL-OF-POTENTIAL MEASUREMENT

The fall-of-potential test method is used to measure the ability of

an earth ground system or an individual electrode to dissipate energy from a site.

HOW DOES THE FALL-OFPOTENTIAL TEST WORK?

First the earth electrode of interest must be disconnected from its connection to the site. After this, the tester is connected to the earth electrode. Then, for the three-pole fall-of-potential test, two earth stakes are placed in the soil in a direct line – away from the earth electrode. Usually, a spacing of 20m is sufficient. (For more detail on placing the stakes, see the next section.)

A known current is generated by the Fluke 1625 between the outer stake (auxiliary earth stake) and the earth electrode, while the drop in voltage potential is measured between the inner earth stake and the earth electrode. Using Ohm’s Law, the tester automatically calculates the resistance of the earth electrode.

(Above): Selective measurement set-up.

(Above): Fall-of-potential table.

INNOVATION

Connect the ground tester as shown in the picture. Press START and read out the RE (resistance) value. This is the actual value of the ground electrode under test. If this ground electrode is in parallel or series with other ground rods, the RE value is the total value of all resistances.

HOW TO PLACE THE STAKES

To achieve the highest degree of accuracy when performing a threepole ground resistance test, it is essential that the probe is placed outside the sphere of influence of the ground electrode under test and the auxiliary earth.

If you do not get outside the sphere of influence, the effective areas of resistance will overlap and invalidate any measurements you take. The table is a guide for appropriately setting the probe (inner stake) and auxiliary ground (outer stake).

To test the results’ accuracy and ensure that the ground stakes are outside the spheres of influence, reposition the inner stake (probe) 1m in either direction and take a new measurement. Suppose there is a significant change in the reading (30%). In that case, you need to increase the distance between the ground rod under test, the inner stake (probe) and the outer stake (auxiliary ground) until the measured values remain relatively constant when repositioning the internal stake (probe).

SELECTIVE MEASUREMENT

Selective testing is very similar to fall-of-potential testing, providing all the same measurements, but in a much safer and easier

way. With selective testing, the earth electrode of interest does not need to be disconnected from its connection to the site. The technician does not have to endanger himself by disconnecting ground, nor endanger other personnel or electrical equipment inside a non-grounded structure.

As with the fall-of-potential test, two earth stakes are placed directly away from the earth electrode in the soil. Typically, a spacing of 20m is sufficient. The tester is then connected to the earth electrode of interest, with the advantage that the connection

to the site does not need to be disconnected. Instead, a special clamp is placed around the earth electrode, eliminating the effects of parallel resistances in a grounded system, so only the earth electrode of interest is measured.

As before, a known current is generated by the Fluke 1625 between the outer stake (auxiliary earth stake) and the earth electrode, while the drop in voltage potential is measured between the inner earth stake and the earth electrode. Only the current flowing through the earth electrode of interest is measured using the clamp. The generated current will also flow through other parallel resistances, but only the current through the clamp (ie the current through the earth electrode of interest) is used to calculate resistance (V = IR).

If the total resistance of the ground system should be measured, then each earth electrode resistance must be measured by placing the clamp around each individual earth electrode. Then the total resistance of the ground system can be determined by calculation.

(Below): Stakeless measurement – test current paths.

(Above): Stakeless measurement – set-up test.

Testing individual ground electrode resistances of highvoltage transmission towers with the overhead ground or static wire requires that these wires be disconnected. If a tower has more than one ground at its base, these must also be disconnected one by one and tested. However, the Fluke 1625 has an optional accessory – a 320mm diameter clamp-on current transformer – which can measure the individual resistances of each leg without disconnecting any ground leads or overhead static/ ground wires.

STAKELESS MEASUREMENT

The Fluke 1625 earth ground tester can measure earth ground loop resistances for multi-grounded systems using only current clamps. This test technique eliminates the dangerous and time-consuming activity of disconnecting parallel grounds, as well as the process of finding suitable locations for auxiliary ground stakes. You can also perform earth ground tests in places you have not considered before: inside buildings, on power pylons, or anywhere you do not have access to soil.

This test method places two clamps around the earth ground rod or the connecting cable, each connected to the tester. Earth ground stakes are not used at all. A known voltage is induced by one clamp and the current is measured using the second clamp. The tester automatically determines the ground loop resistance at this ground rod. Suppose there is only one path to ground, as in many residential situations. In that case, the stakeless method will not

provide an acceptable value and the fall-of-potential test method must be used.

The Fluke 1625 works on the principle that in parallel/multigrounded systems, the net resistance of all ground paths will be extremely low compared with any single path (the one-under test). Therefore, the net resistance of all the parallel return path resistances is effectively zero. Stakeless measurement only measures individual ground rod resistances in parallel to earth grounding systems. If the ground system is not parallel to the earth, you will either have an open circuit or be measuring ground loop resistance.

in most cases, actual impedance can be determined using a complex computation.

Since impedance is frequencydependent, the Fluke 1625 uses a 55Hz signal for this calculation to be as close to voltage operating frequency as possible. This ensures that the measurement is close to the value at the true operating frequency. Using this feature of the Fluke 1625, accurate direct measurement of grounding impedance is possible.

Power utility technicians testing high-voltage transmission lines are interested in two things: the ground resistance in case of a lightning strike and the impedance of the entire system in case of a short circuit on a specific point in the line. In this case, a short circuit means that an active wire breaks loose and touches the metal grid of a tower.

TWO-POLE GROUND RESISTANCE

In situations where the driving of ground stakes is neither practical nor possible, the Fluke 1623 and Fluke 1625 testers give you the ability to do two-pole ground resistance/continuity measurements, as shown below.

GROUND IMPEDANCE MEASUREMENTS

When calculating possible short circuit currents in power plants and other high-voltage/current situations, determining the complex grounding impedance is important since the impedance will be composed of inductive and capacitive elements. Because inductivity and resistivity are known

To perform this test, the technician must have access to a good, known ground, such as an allmetal waterpipe. The water pipe should be extensive and metallic throughout, without insulating couplings or flanges. Unlike many testers, the Fluke 1623 and 1625 perform the test with a relatively high current (short circuit current > 250mA), ensuring stable results.

(Above): Two-point measurement set-up.

MANAGING CASH FLOWS

By Reetesh Balgobind, assistant finance manager: MBA KZN

Cash flows are a significant part of a construction business. A healthy cash flow allows for a more stable business and leads to steady growth. Maintaining a steady cash flow in the construction industry is critical for a project to be successful. However, this is easier said than done as construction projects are complex and risky. Expenses are guaranteed to be incurred, but income earned is often less predictable. Here are a few broadly applicable cash flow management ideas which can help construction companies:

Create a cash flow forecast and select profitable projects. Analyse tenders and bid on projects that will be profitable for your business. Avoid taking up projects that have tight profit margins because managing cash flows is difficult enough on profitable projects. Take the time to determine whether a project will yield a sufficient return, based on the projected timeline and costs. It is impossible to accurately forecast the exact cash flow you will have available during a project due to the unexpected change orders that occur, but that does not mean you should begin a project without foresight. Performing a cash flow forecast can give you an estimate of how much cash you will require to complete a project.

Project-tracking. Being able to capture, organise and track everything that is happening on your projects enables you to stay on top of labour, supplies, rental equipment and other projectrelated costs. Spreadsheets can be used to track these costs, but a dedicated accounting system is best suited for the long run. The right accounting reports and financial statements are crucial to determine whether the cash flow is healthy and where it needs support. You cannot manage what you do not measure.

Negotiate better payment terms. Be sure to negotiate a favourable billing structure with the customer that provides the best contract terms for your company. Negotiate the best prices with suppliers, vendors and subcontractors, as this will also impact the cash flow of the project. Your terms with your

suppliers should ideally be equal to or longer than the terms you give your customers. Remember, sacrificing a profit to take more work almost always means a negative cash flow, as the profit mark-up may also be used to cover any contingencies or unforeseen expenses.

Finance fixed-asset purchases whenever possible. Spending cash to avoid interest payments does not always make sense when it comes to maintaining a healthy cash flow. By making smaller payments over time, you will free up cash which can be used for other necessary project costs. Another benefit of financing purchases is that you are building a good credit rating, which comes in handy when you need to apply for a short-term loan or require other financing for your business.

Stay on top of change orders. Change orders can delay the completion of a project and reduce your profit margins considerably. It is crucial that project managers resolve change order disputes swiftly to ensure that timely payments are received. A dispute resolution can take additional weeks or months to collect the cash already spent on the project. Helping project teams manage and resolve change orders in a proactive and efficient manner can help expedite the company’s change requests and its ability to bill and collect for those items.

Communicate effectively with customers. Managing a successful cash flow requires construction managers to regularly and effectively communicate with customers to ensure that all stakeholders are on the same page. Communicating the customer’s responsibilities when it comes to payment schedules, amounts and deadlines is crucial for the success of the project.

Send out invoices timeously. Invoicing can be tedious for construction managers, but they are an important part of your cash flow. You can write up your invoices by hand, but it would be better to purchase software to make the task easier. Invoice

generation can be automated and sent as soon as possible to maximise cash flow potential.

Take advantage of technology. As a business-owner, you should take advantage of technological advances and artificial intelligence-enabled solutions.

These can streamline your business processes and increase efficiency. The right technology and business strategies will allow you to spend less time worrying about cash flows and more time running your business.

Speed up your close-out process. Closing out a project and collecting the final payment can be difficult. Effectively managing the final snag list and close-out documents can improve the timeliness of the final payment and avoid decreases in retainage.

(Right): I ntegrated technology solutions need to be explored to optimise payment schedules, customer expectations and communications, as well as project closures.

(Left): Use accounting software to plan, track and manage cash flow for each and every project.

(Left): Integrating cash flow management and construction project management and it's systems is the ideal approach.

“COMMUNICATING THE CUSTOMER’S RESPONSIBILITIES WHEN IT COMES TO PAYMENT SCHEDULES, AMOUNTS AND DEADLINES IS CRUCIAL FOR THE SUCCESS OF THE PROJECT.”

MBA REGIONAL LISTING AND AFFILIATE MEMBERS

Master Builders Association

Boland

Contact: Daniel Uys

E-mail: info@mbaboland.org.za

Tel: 021 863 3330

Master Builders Association

East Cape

Contact: Greg Steele

E-mail: ecmba@global.co.za

Tel: 041 365 1835

Master Builders Association

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Contact: Stephan Claassen

E-mail: admin@mbafs.co.za

Tel: 057 352 6269

Master Builders Association

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Contact: Mohau Mphomela

E-mail: info@mbanorth.co.za

Tel: 011 805 6611

Master Builders Association

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Contact: Vikashnee Harbhajan

E-mail: info@masterbuilders.co.za

Tel: 031 266 7070

Master Builders Association

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Contact: Duane Phillips

E-mail: info@mbagreaterboland.org.za

Tel: 023 342 6964

Master Builders Association

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Contact: Graham Andrews

E-mail: info@mbanc.org.za

Tel: 053 832 1762

Master Builders Association

Western Cape

Contact: Roekeya Bardien

E-mail: info@mbawc.org.za

Tel: 021 685 2625

Association of Architectural Aluminium Manufacturers of SA

Contact: Johan Heyneke

E-mail: reception@aaamsa.co.za

Tel: 011 805 5002

PUT YOUR POWER INTO HANDS THAT YOU CAN TRUST

FIVE REASONS YOU CAN TRUST A MEMBER OF THE ELECTRICAL CONTRACTORS’ ASSOCIATION (SA)

ALL ECA MEMBERS:

Have the backing of South Africa’s most influential members’ association for electrical contractors.

Are duly registered with all relevant, prescribed statutory institutions, including the Department of Employment and Labour.

Pay levies to the National Bargaining Council for the Electrical Industry and pay staff according to the Wage Agreement, including providing social benefits such as pension and medical aid.

Work is guaranteed and backed by the ECA’s Workmanship Guarantee up to R20 000 (with terms and conditions).

Undertake all work according to all rules and regulations that ensure the consumer’s safety and are provided with continuous training at accredited centres

National Office (011) 392-0000 info@ecasa.co.za

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