SA Jewellery News (SAJN) • November 2024 by Isikhova Media

NOVEMBER 2024

jewellerynews

WE LOOK AT

The psychology of jewellery

Reaching peak productivity this holiday season

PlatAfrica 2024 winners announced

Fancy-colour prices stable

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SETTING SERVICES

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info@piccolo-jewellery.co.za | 083 396 6178

9. NEWS

• De Beers programme to support SA diamond and jewellery business-owners

• 2024 CIBJO Congress kicks off

• Gold tax reduction spurs Titan sales

• SA diamond mine Koffiefontein sale approved

14. PLATINUM GAINS TRACTION ACROSS MARKETS

Platinum jewellery remains a growing opportunity, according to the 2024 Platinum Jewellery Business Review

16. PLATAFRICA 2024 WINNERS ANNOUNCED

PlatAfrica, South Africa’s premier platinum jewellery design and manufacturing competition, celebrated a quarter-century of unearthing homegrown talent. This year’s winners were revealed at the PlatAfrica Awards Ceremony held at The Galleria in Sandton, Johannesburg

22. PSYCHOLOGY OF JEWELLERY

Mike Pryke, founder of Atelier iKE YKE, Expression of Identity and professional leadership coach, explains enclothed cognition – the emotional impact that clothes and accessories have on our behaviour

24. OPINION PIECE

Addressing today’s mining challenges by digging deep into cyber-risks beyond IT

30. REACHING PEAK PRODUCTIVITY THIS HOLIDAY SEASON

Productivity has been highlighted as one of the big issues in Microsoft’s new Work Trend Index Annual Report

33. FANCY-COLOUR PRICES STABLE DESPITE SLIGHT DECREASES

The global market for fancy-colour diamonds saw a marginal decline in the third quarter, but enjoyed steady demand overall, according to the Fancy Colour Research Foundation

35. EDUCATIONAL INSERT

The lengthy vertical journey of super-deep diamonds

42. DID YOU KNOW?

Interesting facts

43. PANDORA COMPLETES SHIFT TO 100% RECYCLED SILVER AND GOLD

Pandora, the world’s largest jewellery brand, has announced that it has changed its precious metals supply and is now sourcing only recycled silver and gold for all its jewellery

44. BORN IN AFRICA

A comprehensive directory featuring information and contact details of all members of the Jewellery Manufacturing Association of South Africa Official Journal of the Jewellery Council of South Africa and the Diamond Dealers’ Club of South Africa. www.jewellery.org.za www.ddcsa.co.za

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Editor: Adri Viviers

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SA Jewellery News is published by: Isikhova Media (Pty) Ltd

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Editor's note

ON 25 OCTOBER, I AGAIN HAD THE wonderful privilege of attending the PlatAfrica Awards Ceremony at The Galleria in Sandton. Hosts Anglo-American Platinum, Metal Concentrators and Platinum Guild International India treated all the guests to a wonderful evening filled with glitz and glamour. Anele Mdoba was a spectacular MC who contributed to the evening’s great atmosphere. The live band, delicious food and talented dancers all made the evening a memorable event. However, the highlight was, without a doubt, seeing this year’s finalists’ pieces up close.

I had seen this year’s winning piece in the professional category, a bracelet entitled Resonance by Ronel Jordaan from the Cape Peninsula University of Technology, on photos and social media. However, viewing (and experiencing it) in real life reminded me that photos often do not do justice to a jewellery piece, especially one designed and manufactured as remarkably as this one. Congratulations, too, to this year’s student category winner, Vuyani Gumede, and to the winner of the People’s Choice Award, Emmah Mahlatsi.

We have dedicated four pages to showcasing some of this year’s stunning pieces. They are positive proof that there

is no shortage of jewellery design and manufacturing talent in our country!

As the end of the year is fast approaching, we have included a feature on achieving peak productivity this holiday season for business-owners. In addition, Michael Pryke, who is the founder of Atelier iKE YKE, Expression of Identity and a professional leadership coach, shares more on enclothed cognition – the emotional impact that clothes and accessories have on our behaviour.

Pandora, one of the world’s largest jewellery brands, is driving the industry towards a low-carbon future and has announced that it has changed its precious metals supply and is now sourcing only recycled silver and gold for all its jewellery (the brand makes an astonishing 107 million pieces of jewellery per year!). We share more on this in these pages and wonder whether other brands will follow suit.

It is hard to believe that this is our penultimate issue for the year. We hope you enjoy it!

Adri Viviers

Anglo American Platinum announcd the winners of this 25th PlatAfrica jewellery design and manufacturing competition during a gala awards ceremony held on 25 October at The Galleria in Sandton, Johannesburg.

Hosted annually by Anglo American Platinum, Metal Concentrators (MetCon) and Platinum Guild International (PGI), the competition celebrates local jewellery manufacturing and design flair and aims to build a pipeline of talent into the South African platinum jewellery design and manufacturing industry by providing skills development, recognition and commercial opportunities. This year’s PlatAfrica competition was held under the theme “Legacy and Beyond” and designers were invited to reflect on the rich heritage of platinum jewellery, while envisaging its future possibilities.

2024/2025 Shining Light Awards redefines luxury

Since its launch over 25 years ago, the Shining Light Awards (SLA) have been a springboard for emerging jewellery designers across the De Beers Group of diamond-producing countries: South Africa, Botswana, Canada and Namibia.

The SLA jewellery design competition falls under the De Beers Group Designers Initiative (DBGDI), a youth beneficiation skills development initiative aimed at inspiring, igniting and enabling young jewellers with “world-class” jewellery design and manufacturing skills in each of the De Beers Group diamond-producing countries.

The competition runs every two years and is open to jewellery designers aged 18-35 who are in their final year, have graduated from a jewellery design programme or have relevant experience in jewellery design.

De Beers Global Sightholder Sales VP for corporate affairs Otsile Mabeo explains that the SLA is part of the company’s Building Forever Sustainability Strategy commitment to “Accelerate Equal Opportunity”.

“We at De Beers are committed to making an impact beyond the life of the mine by ensuring that every natural diamond we discover contributes to the sustainable development of our host communities wherever we have our operations.

“The SLA creates an enabling environment for growth, skills transfer, entrepreneurship, global experiences and mentorship in the jewellery design industry and we're excited to support youth across Botswana, Canada, Namibia and South Africa develop jewellery design and manufacturing skills,” says Mabeo.

SA diamond mine Koffiefontein sale approved

Petra Diamonds Ltd has received the required governmental approval to sell Koffiefontein, the diamond mine in South Africa it has been seeking to sell since 2022.

The sale of Koffiefontein is expected to save Petra US$15 million-US$18 million (R260 million-R313 million) in costs related to the mine’s closure, which were previously included in the group’s balance sheet provisions set in June.

With this sale, Dubai’s Stargems Group has

acquired its third diamond mine in SA, taking over the Koffiefontein deposit from Petra.

In 2022, Stargems purchased two other South African diamond mines, Jagersfontein Holdings and Rooipoort Holdings, from Reinet Investments, a Luxembourg-based business run by luxury tycoon and Richemont Chairperson Johann Rupert. The move was an effort to expand the company’s presence across the supply chain.

Gold tax reduction spurs Titan sales

Sales at the Indian-based jeweller Titan Company increased in the second fiscal quarter as the reduction in import duty on gold products drove jewellery purchases.

Jewellery revenue jumped 26% yearon -year for the three months ending 30 September 2024, the company reported recently. The growth was primarily in plain gold products, as gem-studded jewellery did not perform as well.

“Jewellery operations grew after a relatively soft first quarter,” the company noted. “Consumer demand picked up momentum significantly after the reduction in custom duty on gold imports from 15% to 6%, leading to a strong double-digit uptick in plain gold for the quarter. The non-studded segment recorded growth in high double digits, whereas the

The company notes that this year’s theme is “Luxury Redefined”, which recognises the “power of Millennials and Gen-Z to tell their story through design”.

The theme called on entrants to innovate and curate a future-forward definition of luxury that focuses on being authentic, innovative and inclusive, while celebrating diversity.

Winners will be announced on 5 December at a prestigious gala awards ceremony in Sandton, Johannesburg.

The company says the awards for this year have been restructured to meet the winner and runners-up at their particular stage of career or business.

The prize pool for this year’s competition is R1,6 million per country.

JGT Dubai Jewellery Show set to shine

The JGT Dubai Jewellery Show will take place from 12-14 November 2024 at the Dubai World Trade Centre-Exhibitions Centre and will connect key industry stakeholders from across the globe to unlock the full potential of the global gem and jewellery market.

The annual three-day business-to-business sourcing event for jewellery, gemstones and related technology also gives visitors the opportunity to sign up for the Targeted Buyers Programme running throughout the show, DMCC’s Dubai Diamond Conference and Informa Market's Jewellery World Awards Dubai. solitaire segment saw a decline amid price uncertainty and demand supply dynamic in the international markets.”

Sales of watches and wearables rose 20% year-on-year for the period. Titan saw a continuation of high-value watch sales amid premiumisation (where the jeweller can charge a higher price for its timepieces, based on an increase in their perceived value), as consumers and retail partners purchased watches and jewellery ahead of the holiday period. This year, that season began on 3 October with Navaratri and ended with Dhanteras and Diwali at the end of October.

Titan – which also operates an eyecare business, among other divisions – opened 64 new stores during the period, bringing its total to 2 885 stores. – Rapaport

De Beers programme to support SA diamond and jewellery business-owners

The De Beers Group is seeking to support ambitious existing South African business-owners in the diamond and jewellery-related sector.

The leading diamond company will support them with the skills and knowledge needed to grow a sustainable and profitable business. The successful entrepreneurs will qualify for a fully sponsored three-year business development programme, which includes entrepreneurial learning and business guidance from experienced business mentors.

Business-owners must be South African citizens who have been active in business

for at least 18 months and must have been registered for at least six months. Priority will be given to businesses owned by historically disadvantaged individuals.

The successful entrepreneurs must also:

• Be available to attend in-person engagements in Johannesburg from time to time.

• Have a cellphone, a laptop, stable Internet connection and adequate data and power supply for laptops and the Internet during sessions.

• Be at least 18 years old.

• Have the requisite trading licences, ie

2024 CIBJO Congress kicks off

Shanghai, China’s chief industrial, commercial and financial hub and the gateway to its more than US$141 billion per annum jewellery market, will welcome delegates from around the world to the 2024 CIBJO Congress from 2-4 November. The main venue and hotel for the event will be the Shangri-La Qiantan in the New Bund International Business District of Pudong.

CIBJO congresses serve as the official gathering place for the World Jewellery Confederation’s Assembly of Delegates and are the venues for the annual meetings of CIBJO’s sectoral commissions, where amendments can be introduced to the organisation’s definitive directories of international industry standards for diamonds,

beneficiation licence and jeweller’s permit.

• Pay their own transport and travelrelated costs.

• Be active in their business.

• The following licences with the SA Diamond and Precious Minerals Regulator will be required: diamond cutters and polishers – beneficiation licence required. Diamond jewellery manufacturers –jeweller’s permit required.

To complete the programme application form online, visit: https://www.raizcorp.com/ sponsored-programme/debeers/.

coloured stones, pearls, gem labs, precious metals, coral and responsible sourcing, known as the Blue Books. In addition, congresses are where the programme of the World Jewellery Confederation Education Foundation and CIBJO’s ongoing co-operation with the UN is reported upon, particularly its commitment to the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals.

GPHG 2024 nominees exhibition at watches of Switzerland

The 90 watches nominated by the Academy of the Grand Prix d'Horlogerie de Genève (GPHG) were the centre of attention for watch-lovers from the end of October in New York. Organised by Watches of Switzerland, the third leg of the GPHG 2024 world tour gave access to the finest current timepieces from 57 brands.

After its first two successful stopovers in Hong Kong and Ho Chi Minh City, the GPHG had chosen to return to New York in 2024 for the third year running in Watches of Switzerland’s Soho showroom, where the local public was invited to plunge into the fascinating world of watchmaking and gain

a better understanding of the many facets of its culture under the guidance of expert watchmakers.

Featuring 90 watches in 15 categories, the exhibition offered a unique opportunity to discover first-hand a wide range of contemporary products and trends, including brands and timepieces that are new to certain markets.

The watches presented are in the running to win one of the 20 prizes, including the coveted “Aiguille d'Or” Grand Prix that will be handed out on 13 November in Geneva at the 24th GPHG Awards Ceremony, broadcast live on gphg.org.

The travelling exhibition of nominated

watches will continue in Geneva at the Musée Rath from 31 October-17 November. The Bucharest University Library will host the prize-winners after the awards ceremony from 21-23 November at the initiative of MisterWatch Magazine.

Created in 2001 and overseen since 2011 by a foundation recognised as a public interest organisation, the GPHG has for over 20 years been pursuing its mission to celebrate and promote the watchmaking art, thanks to the support of its public and private partners, notably its main partner, FGP Swiss & Alps, as well as the involvement of industry stakeholders.

PROUD SUPPLIERS OF YOUR FESTIVE GIFTING NEEDS

From jewellery boxes to findings and jewellery cleaners, the best gifts come in small packages

Council of SA update Jewellery

Lorna Lloyd, CEO of the Jewellery Council of SA (JCSA), shares the latest developments from the council’s office

THE PAST FEW MONTHS HAVE BEEN A BUSY time for the JCSA.

At the end of July, Johan Bezuidenhout of Richline SA was elected as the new Chairperson of the council for three years. Grant Crosse from Metal Concentrators was elected as the Vice-Chairperson. We wish them both well and look forward to working with them in shaping the council.

Recently, Johan, Grant and I had a positive meeting with SARS, aimed at starting to build a better relationship of trust and discussing areas of interest. We emphasised that the JCSA represents approximately 80% of local manufacturing and retail capacity, highlighting our role as a national community in the jewellery sector.

upcoming legislative changes or new legislation affecting our industry. Our aim is to ensure that the voices and concerns of our members are represented and considered during the legislative process. SARS has agreed to meet with the council bi-annually to address issues pertinent to our members and ensure ongoing dialogue and collaboration.

We reported on the significant pressures facing the industry, including rising unemployment, ongoing electricity and water shortages, and escalating fuel costs. The increase in the gold price has adversely affected trade and consumer sales, posing additional challenges for our members. We believe that exporting presents a significant opportunity to encourage growth in the domestic market.

Other key areas of discussion included the perceived risk and evidence of fraud in our industry, challenges with the Domestic Reverse Charge and our view that insurance companies were an unintended consequence of it. We discussed various solutions aimed at enhancing our industry’s operational effectiveness.

The council has offered to assist SARS in several key areas, including involvement in

Please refer to the full report, which has been circulated to members via e-mail.

Regarding the Precious Metals Act, the SAJC plans to meet with the SADPMR and the DMRE to discuss the industry’s input.

In August, the council facilitated sponsorship from the Department of Trade, Industry & Competition (DTIC) for 10 companies to exhibit at New York Now. Another 10 companies exhibited at JA New York at the end of October. We believe this was an opportunity to open doors regarding the creation of export markets for SA companies.

Jewellex Africa 2024 was hosted by the council in September at the Wanderers Club in Illovo, Johannesburg, and its success exceeded our expectations. In addition to the two venues on the ground level, all the space in the three venues on the first level was sold out.

The DTIC sponsored 10 SMMEs to exhibit on a pavilion at the show. Cape Precious Metals sponsored the Tshwane University of Technology stand and the JCSA sponsored the University of Johannesburg stand. Rand Refinery hosted 120 guests at the Jewellex Business Breakfast on the first morning of the show.

We are grateful to our additional sponsors,

namely the SADPMR for the carrier bags, Brinks for the lanyards, Osprey Underwriting Managers for hosting a drinks and snacks event, as well as pen giveaways, and Cape Precious Metals for the registration.

A full report will be published soon and will include exhibitor and visitor feedback and recommendations to increase the feasibility of Jewellex Africa 2025.

For enquiries about the council, its activities and how to become part of a responsible jewellery community, contact us on tel: (011) 484-5528, e-mail us at: admin@jewellery.org. za or visit our website: www.jewellery.org.za.

Lorna Lloyd

CEO: Jewellery Council of SA

Platinum gains traction across markets, supported by rising gold prices

Platinum jewellery remains a growing opportunity, according to the 2024 Platinum Jewellery Business Review

“PLATINUM MEANS QUALITY AND understated luxury. Discerning shoppers understand the value and attributes of platinum, compared with gold,” explains Tim Schlick, CEO of Platinum Guild International (PGI). “With the price of gold fluctuating at record highs and more diversified platinum offerings, jewellers are turning to platinum once again. PGI’s marketing efforts on the ground in different countries also help build an understanding of and appreciation for this premium metal among jewellery-lovers.”

Findings by key markets:

China

Platinum jewellery outperformed gold in the second quarter in China, as some retailers and wholesalers have started to shift their focus to platinum, while more manufacturers are rebuilding their platinum inventory. Platinum jewellery fabrication improved in the second quarter, led by the metal-only products that dominate the Chinese market, which delivered year-over-year growth in May and June. Meanwhile, platinum jewellery sales among PGI’s retail partners declined at a much slower pace than in the first quarter.

India

The Indian jewellery market in April and May was almost stagnant due to general elections, record high temperatures and rising gold prices, which led to dampening demand. However,

platinum demand shot back up in June, when PGI India saw double-digit year-overyear growth, helped by marketing initiatives like the Men of Platinum campaign during the Indian Premier League and the ICC T20 Cricket World Cup. PGI India is also expanding Platinum Love Bands and Men of Platinum to the Middle East by partnering with key retail partners to explore opportunities in countries such as the United Arab Emirates, where it is enjoying a positive response.

Japan

Jewellery sales in Japan increased for the 13th consecutive quarter in the second quarter, including platinum jewellery, where sales increased at 0,8% year-on-year on a unit basis. Demand among Japanese customers remained strong, while foreign visitors also increased sales. Platinum sales growth was led by high-purity Pt950 products in the form of Kihei, pendants and necklaces, while gold jewellery grew the most in low-purity products (10ct and lower). The PGI flagship brand, Platinum Woman, saw unit sales increase by over 40% year-on-year during the first half.

USA

Platinum is generating enormous interest in the USA, compared with the soaring price of gold and declining prices (and margins) of diamonds, both from independent retailers as well as major chains. Platinum jewellery sales from PGI’s strategic partners increased by 6,8% year-on-year in the second quarter, while four jewellers of the Platinum Business Development Grants all delivered double-digit sales growth. PGI USA’s new Inoveo platinum alloy had a promising début in June, given the characteristics that make it as user-friendly as gold, with all the benefits of platinum. It is intended to inspire new manufacturers to work with platinum, while motivating existing players to increase their platinum production. PGI was founded in 1975 as a worldwide marketing organisation dedicated to creating, expanding and strengthening consumer and trade markets for platinum jewellery. Through various programmes in collaboration with jewellery retailers and manufacturers, PGI creates consumer ounce demand by identifying and fulfilling platinum jewellery opportunities for its partners. PGI has offices in China, India, Japan and the USA.

‘PGI’s marketing efforts on the ground in different countries also help build an understanding of and appreciation for this premium metal among jewellery-lovers.’

PlatAfrica celebrates local jewellery manufacturing and design flair, aiming to build a pipeline of talent into the South African platinum jewellery design and manufacturing industry by providing skills development, recognition, and commercial opportunities.

(Right): Ronel Jordaan - Resonance (1st place professional category). This bracelet is a fusion of design, mathematics, and symbolism. Two seemingly opposite materials unite to create a piece that reflects all that is around it reflecting unity, growth, and responsible resource management.

PlatAfrica –celebrating a legacy and beyond

ENTITLED RESONANCE AND INSPIRED BY VILLARCEAU CIRCLES, THIS YEAR’S WINNING piece, a bracelet designed by Ronel Jordaan from the Cape Peninsula University of Technology, took top honours at the 25th annual PlatAfrica Jewellery Design and Manufacturing Competition.

Hosted by Anglo American Platinum, in partnership with Metal Concentrators and Platinum Guild International (PGI), this year’s PlatAfrica competition was held under the theme Legacy and Beyond, and designers were invited to reflect on the rich heritage of platinum jewellery while envisioning its future possibilities. Using platinum and

(Below): Vuyani Gumede – The Platinum Centenary Ring (1st place student category). Containing a piece of the Merensky Reef and inspired by the open-pit mining of platinum, this ring celebrates the centenary of the discovery of platinum in South Africa and the extraordinary role it plays in maintaining human life.

plastic (polyethylene terephthalate, PETG), the winning designer, Jordaan, included various techniques such as hand manufacturing, 3D printing and casting, laser cutting, laser welding, and Computer-Aided Design and calculations to create the bespoke piece.

The winner of the student category, Vuyani Gumede took inspiration from the Merensky Reef creating a unique ring called The Platinum Centenary Ring. This latest edition of PlatAfrica holds special significance as it commemorates the centenary of the Merensky Reef’s discovery in 1924, celebrating 100 years of platinum’s rich heritage and future possibilities. With his submission, Gumede said that PGMs play a vital role in various industries, notably, with their use in the medical field and the protecting of the environment.

Designers across the years have gained international exposure by showcasing their entries at global events such as the PGI Aqua Event in Shanghai and the Hong Kong Jewellery and Gem Expo – the world’s premier fine jewellery show. Entrants have had the opportunity to showcase capsule collections on a global stage, contributing to the drive to elevate platinum’s profile globally.

(Left): Mongameli Obed Thafeni – Vigour (2nd place student category). (Below): Osmond Davies – African Nights (2nd place professional category)

Speaking at the award ceremony, Craig Miller, CEO of Anglo American Platinum stated: “PlatAfrica continues to exhibit the growing depth of local talent. The pieces reflect diverse interpretations of this year’s theme, showcasing how the industry pushes the boundaries of what is possible. I am blown away by the skill, talent, and creativity exhibited by this year’s entrants.”

We are truly privileged and proud to support these designers. I am also equally excited that next year, we will begin trials with local designers to see how they can work with an exciting new platinum alloy called Inoveo Platinum. Inoveo Platinum is the first major step we have taken alongside our partners, PGI USA and Alloyed, to transform and improve the nature of the metal that designers can work with. As we celebrate this year’s designers and reflect on our legacy, we also cast our eyes forward with anticipation,” he added.

This year’s winners in the professional category are:

1. Ronel Jordaan - Resonance

2. Osmond Davies – African Nights

3. Milodri Dickens – Drops of Grace

3. Tanja Du Plessis - Catalyst Continuum

4. Vuyisani Mavengna - Vuyisanani

This year’s winners in the student/apprentice category are:

1. Vuyani Gumede - The Platinum Centenary Ring

2. Mongameli Obed Thafeni - Vigour

3. Emmah Mahlatsi - Mokorotlo

4. Ndzalama Timbane - Miner's Reminder

(Above, from left): Emmah Mahlatsi – Mokorotlo (3rd place student category) and Milodri Dickens – Drops of Grace (3rd place professional category)

(Above): Vuyisani Mavengna – Vuyisanani (3rd place professional category).

(Below): Ndzalama Timbane – Miner's Reminder (3rd place student category).

The glitz and glam at this year’s

PlatAfrica

The prestigious PlatAfrica Awards Ceremony will always be a highlight on our annual social calendar.

This year’s event was held at The Galleria in Sandton, Johannesburg, on 25 October.

LAST WEEKEND, MY granddaughter Erin asked me: “Granddad, why do people wear jewellery?”

“Hmmm, mainly because of the way it makes them feel – it’s called ‘enclothed cognition’,” I replied. Erin looked at me with a confused expression.

“It’s all about the thrilling connection between human emotions and wearing jewellery,” I said. Throughout history, jewellery’s been intricately intertwined with human emotion and psyche. Let me explain with a story.”

“Oh, yes, please!” Now I had her attention.

“A long time ago, a prince lived in a huge palace with his mother and father, the queen and king of a beautiful land. It seemed that Prince Peter had everything – but he was lonely. The only people with whom he interacted were the palace staff. Because he was shy, they only spoke to him occasionally – and they never mentioned anything about his sad eyes, his withdrawn expression and his stooped way of walking.

“As his 21st birthday approached, the queen announced that a ball would be arranged in his honour. Peter was horrified.

“Realising his son’s feelings, the king wondered how to help make him feel more confident. He came to Peter’s bedroom as he was about to get dressed, carrying a garment that he had designed himself. It was a carefully tailored outfit that looked striking on the prince. As Peter viewed himself in the mirror, he felt prouder than he had in ages.

“Then the king handed Peter a velvet case. Inside were a matching neckpiece and bracelet. They were simple, but bold: a classy complement for Peter’s garments. And when Peter looked in the mirror again, he felt a surge of confidence. He stood straighter and smiled. Something miraculous was happening. He was filled with pleasant feelings that changed the way he saw himself, feelings that boosted his self-esteem.

“When he strode into the ballroom, everyone was aghast. Peter portrayed the posture and confidence of a young man in his prime. All the young ladies clamoured for his attention and he had the best evening of his life!

“That is the story of enclothed cognition – the emotional impact that clothes and accessories have on our behaviour and the way

Sentimental sparkle

Michael Pryke, founder of iKONYK, Expression of Identity and professional leadership coach, explains enclothed cognition – the emotional impact that clothes and accessories have on our behaviour and the way others respond to us

others respond to us.”

Today, we step into a world where each gleaming gemstone, every intricate design and each delicate chain holds within it a mesmerising tale of human emotion. In a whirlwind of glitter and glamour, fine jewellery dances to the rhythm of our feelings, thoughts and behaviours. We are transformed by the feel and heartbeat of connection between jewellery and our soul.

However, it is not just about wearing jewellery – it is also about expressing our innermost desires and radiating the vibrant

hues of our personality through every shimmering piece we adorn. As we dive deep into the fascinating world of psychological research, we uncover exhilarating truths about the profound impact of jewellery on human emotions. A bold bracelet or a striking necklace not only complements our outfit, but also boosts our confidence, ignites our creativity and wraps us in a cloak of positivity. Research reinforces the fact that our choice of jewellery influences our mood, triggers memories and even shapes our social interactions, turning each piece into a vibrant conduit of emotions.

So let us take a closer look at this somewhat cryptic term, “enclothed cognition”. In fact, it is a relatively recent discovery by a couple of respected researchers from Northwestern University, Illinois, USA – Hajo Adam and Adam G Galinsky. In their paper published in the Journal of Experimental Social Psychology in 2012, they demonstrated that enclothed cognition results from a fascinating connection between two independent factors: first, the symbolic meaning of the clothes or jewellery and second, the physical experience of wearing them.

It seems weird that our mindset is affected by the symbolic relevance of the clothes and jewellery we wear – plus our physical awareness of displaying them, whether privately or publicly. Research has identified a series of psychological changes that occur when we wear certain clothes and jewellery, affecting our mood, personality, confidence and interactions with others. At the same time, the perceptions, attitudes and responses of others are similarly influenced.

What is actually happening to us physically and emotionally to trigger these reactions? It is all in the mystical way that chemicals and hormones are produced in the brain. Oxytocin, the feel-good hormone, floods our system when we are proud of what we are wearing. Conversely, the stress hormone cortisol is triggered when we feel threatened or uncomfortable. Then there is serotonin, the pleasure and reward hormone secretly produced in the nucleus accumbens, which is the neural interface between motivation and action. Now, that is a seriously potent cocktail of chemicals which kicks into action when we get dressed!

When we delve deeper into the research, things becomer really interesting. In fact, if we time-travelled back 75 000 years, we would see our distant ancestors lounging in a cave on the southern Cape shoreline wearing strings of shells drilled with tiny holes as ancient adornments. That was an incredible 3 800 generations before our time – which begs the question: how have adornments affected the neurological evolution of our brains over that lengthy period? Are we now biologically programmed to wear jewellery to stimulate the feel-good and reward response which it induces?

What we know is that jewellery has become a significant influence in the lives of humans, affecting not just the way we feel, but also our status. Early hominids who roamed the plains of Africa adorned themselves with necklaces of bones, shells and animal teeth. They wore bracelets and earlobe pieces. The chief or senior person invariably strutted around with impressive headwear to enhance his status. This regalia gave him authority and distinguished him from the rest of the tribe or community. It made him feel worthy

of his status, infusing him with a sense of importance and boosting his confidence. It is therefore clear that the allure of jewellery extends far beyond its outward beauty. It weaves together threads of history, culture, psychology and personal identity, creating a tapestry of emotions that adorn the human experience, embodying a deeper connection to one’s innermost feelings, thoughts and behaviours.

Jewellery weaves together threads of history, culture, psychology and personal identity, creating a tapestry of emotions that adorn the human experience.

Ultimately, mining companies can benefit significantly from engaging with a specialist in data management and protection to secure their OT environments from cyber-threats.

While these companies may have general IT and OT skills, their core business remains mining.

Addressing today’s mining challenges by digging deep into cyber-risks beyond IT

BY COMPROMISING

OT systems, cyberattacks can halt mineral extraction processes with severe consequences, including an impact on profitability and damaging reputations, leading to a loss of investor confidence. In a worst-case scenario, an OT hack can endanger the health and safety of mineworkers. Furthermore, OT systems generate huge amounts of historical mining data which, if leaked, can reveal sensitive information to the market or, if lost, can negatively affect future decision-making.

Consequently, this can result in mining houses suffering reputational damage too, as disruptions to operations can affect their share price, cast doubt over their future production capabilities and damage their relationships within the industry.

While there is traditionally role segregation between IT and OT management in mining operations, both areas are technology-based and mining houses must recognise that both areas should ideally be overseen by the company’s chief information officer.

From a cyber-resilience perspective, IT and OT teams should ensure ongoing communication and collaboration, which would foster a better understanding of the impact of specific systems being unavailable and how this affects the entire business.

IT must be involved

To effectively manage and protect OT systems, IT will always be involved in the process, especially with regard to securing systems and understanding how they fit into a bigger system architecture.

For mining companies to ensure that their OT systems are adequately protected against cyber-threats, regular system maintenance

Despite the mining industry’s operational technology (OT) systems being vulnerable to cyber-attacks, many decision-makers still see these threats as purely an IT issue, writes Iniel Dreyer, MD of Data Management Professionals SA

and compliance checks are essential. OT systems form part of the safety ecosystem, so maintenance and compliance tests need to be treated like safety drills which are regularly conducted at a mine.

It is vitally important that OT system operators understand the wider implications of the system going down. For example, they need to know what happens when the biometric access system goes down and workers cannot be sent down the mineshaft – nor can workers be brought back up to ground level. It is also essential to understand how various IT systems interlink and whether there are dependencies on specific components that need to be available for a critical system to work.

Incident response planning

At the same time, mining companies should also not underestimate the importance of having an incident response plan in place in order to identify, contain and restore systems after a cyber-attack. This would include planning for various scenarios when a breach happens, as well as prioritising specific processes and systems based on what the impact of the attack has been on the business. Mines should also consider implementing cleanroom technology, which plays a key role in ensuring a swift and uncontaminated recovery process for mining operations. Cleanroom technology provides a space on the network where systems can be recovered in an isolated environment and tests can be run to determine whether the data is clean and can be safely brought back into the production environment.

Ultimately, mining companies can benefit significantly from engaging with a specialist in data management and protection to secure their OT environments from cyber-threats. While these companies may have general IT and OT skills, their core business remains mining. A data management specialist can bring their expertise to the table and help businesses draw up incident response plans and effectively protect their OT systems, while allowing mines to focus on their core business of mineral extraction.

Furthermore, C-level executives must recognise that some cyber-risks extend beyond the IT department and that the right budgets must be made available to both IT and OT to effectively protect these environments. All executives need to understand that this must be part of their business objectives and information security should be at the top of the agenda at board meetings.

Cape Precious Metals (CPM), in conjunction with Cape Tools & Jewellery Supplies, unveiled cutting-edge technology during their latest trade roadshow, which was held in Nambia in October

CPM hosts roadshow in Namibia

“IN AN EVER-EVOLVING JEWELLERY INDUSTRY, staying ahead of the curve is essential,” says Tennille Hoge of Cape Tools & Jewellery. “This roadshow format allows us to connect directly with a well-attended group of industry professionals in their area, offering hands-on demonstrations and providing insights into current and future needs.

“Attending these trade events provides invaluable opportunities to learn first-hand about benefits of mitigating financial risk.”

On display was the Smart-Pro Max, which has established itself globally and is listed with the Assure Programme to identify lab-grown diamonds in the colourless range. With mass-producing factories in China, labgrown diamonds are making inroads into the local diamond market. Cut stones up to 5ct, as well as the colourless melee < 0,05ct

market and small HPHT synthetics, are flooding the market. The advancement has generated excitement, as well as concern in the jewellery trade.

Also on display was the AGT3 AuRacle Gold Tester. “In today’s economic landscape, with soaring gold prices, a viable revenue stream is emerging: buying customers’ gold. Our third-generation AGT3 AuRacle Gold Tester stands out as an essential tool for this strategy. Offering unmatched price-to-quality value, it delivers an exceptional return on investment by electronically indicating the gold purity percentage. This feature allows for accurate payout calculations while the

customer waits, streamlining the process and enhancing customer satisfaction.

“Through these events, we’ve connected fellow jewellery professionals, shared ideas and fostered collaborations in a tough trading environment. Attendees in all events discovered outsourcing and referring was beneficial to establish organic growth,” says Hoge.

The next roadshow is scheduled for 13 February 2025 in Durban.

• For further information on future shows and events, visit: www.capetools.co.za or e-mail: orders@capewatch.co.za.

THE SA JEWELLERY BRANDS PORTFOLIO

Do you know the feeling when you are so busy at work that you do not have time to get any of the actual work done? Productivity has been highlighted as one of the big issues in Microsoft’s new Work Trend Index Annual Report

Reaching peak productivity this holiday season

ACCORDING TO THE REPORT, A CONSTANT flow of e-mails, meetings and instant messages – or “busywork”, as it has been coined – can often prevent us from engaging in “actual work” – the tasks that move projects forward, deliver value to clients or contribute to our professional growth. However, there are steps that you can take to help boost your team’s output.

Keep your team happy

Happy workers are productive workers. This is a well-documented fact, but it can be hard to keep sight of as the deadlines loom and pressure builds. In a study titled Happiness and Productivity, researchers from the UK’s

University of Warwick conducted a series of experiments involving over 700 participants. They gave one group mood-boosting stimuli, such as watching clips from a comedy movie or eating chocolate, while another group were left to get on with their work, without any treats. The results were clear: the group with mood-boosters demonstrated a remarkable 10-12% increase in productivity.

IWG research backs this up and highlights the many benefits of hybrid working. By cutting back on the daily commute and giving employees the opportunity to work closer to home or in an office that accords with their personal preferences, you can give people back time and control of their lifestyle.

According to the same research, hybrid workers exercise more, sleep longer, eat better and spend more time with friends and family. As a result, 79% said they had been more productive post-lockdown.

Make time for uninterrupted focus

Microsoft Teams data shows that our collective focus is currently on communicating, rather than creating. In the same report, 68% of people said they did not have enough uninterrupted focus time during the workday.

Giving people the time and space for focused work is essential for productivity. That could mean allocating specific times during the week, setting out rules for scheduling

Start by setting clear goals as a group to curate your meetings effectively. Encourage active participation, allowing everyone to have a say. A designated facilitator can guide the discussion, while ensuring a balanced conversation.

meetings or giving team members access to a workspace that works for them. This often means getting out of the busy company headquarters or away from home and the lure of the couch. In truth, it is probably all of these things combined.

Embrace artificial intelligence (AI)

As AI develops and improves, it will inevitably assume a bigger role in the workplace. The author of Microsoft’s Work Trend Index describes it as a “co-pilot” that can help us manage our workloads. “This new generation of AI will remove the drudgery of work and unleash creativity,” says Satya Nadella, Chairperson and CEO of Microsoft. “There’s an enormous opportunity for AI-powered tools to help alleviate digital debt, build AI aptitude and empower employees.”

Foster a culture of learning and development

People like to know that their employers are invested in them – and offering training and development opportunities is a great way to show that you are a manager who cares.

Personal growth and breadth of experience are very much the career motivators of the moment and Gen-Z employees who are just entering the workforce cite both of these as among their key requirements when looking for a job.

On a smaller scale, you can embrace new skills by helping people within your team share their knowledge and expertise and bringing in outside experts, when possible.

Curated meetings

Hybrid-era meetings are different from before, but many of us are conducting them in the same tired format – and meeting fatigue is a common complaint.

IWG’s Chief Commercial Officer Fatima Koning believes a solution is curated meetings, which help generate ideas, foster team bonds and nurture a strong company culture.

“A curated meeting is the antithesis of things happening randomly,” she says, “and worlds apart from the sort of ‘quick catch-up’ which, in many pre-pandemic workplaces, could easily turn into meandering, time-wasting conversations with no discernible outcome.”

Importantly, curated meetings should also be enjoyable and social. As Koning points out:

“There’s no reason why a curated meeting can’t have sociable, fun moments while simultaneously achieving its objectives.”

After each meeting, assess whether the goals were achieved and define the next steps. By doing this, you can unlock your team’s full potential and foster a culture of productivity.

“Remember, being productive doesn’t happen by chance and people who’re bogged down by work or held up in overly long meetings don’t have the extra hours to then go back to their desk and get the important

IWG is the global leader in hybrid work solutions and workspace brands and creates personal, financial and strategic value for businesses of every size. From some of the most exciting companies and well-known organisations on the planet to individuals and the next generation of industry leaders, many harness the power of IWG’s hybrid working platform to increase their productivity, efficiency, agility and market proximity. IWG’s network coverage includes approximately 3 500 locations across more than 120 countries and 83% of Fortune 500 companies are among its growing customer base.

work done. Hybrid working can help because it gives employees the space, energy and extra time (valuable hours not spent commuting, for example) to produce great work. That keeps everyone happy,” says Joanne Bushell, MD of IWG SA.

Fancy colour prices stable despite slight decreases

The global market for fancy-colour diamonds saw a marginal decline in the third quarter, but enjoyed steady demand overall, according to the Fancy Colour Research Foundation (FCRF).

PRICES ON THE FANCY COLOUR DIAMOND

Index slid 0,5% during the three-month period ending 30 September 2024, according to the FCRF.

In the yellow category, prices fell by 1,6%, a slight improvement from the 1,7% decrease of the previous quarter. Over the past 12 months, diamonds of this colour have cumulatively declined 3,5%. The most significant third-quarter drop was in 1ct fancy intense yellows, which fell by 3,8%.

Pink diamonds were relatively flat, declining only 0,1% during the quarter compared with the 0,2% drop of the previous three months. In the past year, pink diamonds have demonstrated no change in pricing. Particularly strong in the third quarter were fancy vivid pink goods, with the 3ct category increasing by 2,1% and 1ct stones rising by 1,6%. However, fancy intense pinks in the 1,50ct and 1ct categories slid 3,1% and 0,4% respectively.

Blue diamond prices slipped by 0,7%, versus 0,3% in the previous quarter. Goods weighing

8ct were generally stable, rising 0,1%. However, 1ct stones went down by 1,1%, while 1,50ct fancy vivid and 5ct fancy intense blues dropped 2% and 2,2% respectively.

“Despite some declines this quarter, the fancy colour diamond market is showing resilience,” said FCRF data supplier Oz Mashiach. “The slight decreases, especially in yellow diamonds, reflect broader economic uncertainties, yet the overall stability suggests steady demand. It’s encouraging to see that categories like vivid pinks continue to perform well, even in a challenging economic climate.”

Since the FCRF began collecting data in 2005, there has been documented growth across all fancy colour categories, with an overall increase of 209%. Yellow diamond prices have risen by 54%, pinks by 398% and blues by 245%. – Rapaport

The FCRF is a non-profit organisation which promotes transparency and fair trade for the fancy coloured diamond industry. The foundation was officially inaugurated in November 2014. The FCRF conducts research on all aspects of fancy colour diamonds and publishes quarterly updates of the Fancy Colour Diamond Index, which illustrates changes in the wholesale buying price of fancy colour diamonds.

Monthly educational insert

FEATURE ARTICLE

Gems & Gemology

DIAMOND REFLECTIONS

The Lengthy Vertical Journey of Superdeep Diamonds

Evan M. Smith

Aside from their dazzling gem appeal, one thing that makes diamonds so interesting is the great depths below the earth’s surface at which they form. The majority of diamonds mined as gemstones were formed in the base of ancient thick regions of continents, at a depth of about 150–200 km. This is already an incredible depth compared to virtually all the other rocks and minerals around us at the earth’s surface. Even more extreme, however, are superdeep or sublithospheric diamonds, which originate from a depth of approximately 300–800 km (Shirey et al., 2024). With these superdeep origins in mind, how is it that they can be found at the earth’s surface?

Exactly how superdeep diamonds make their way up to the surface has long remained a curiosity. It has been considered that kimberlites and related mantle-source volcanic eruptions might simply originate from comparable depths as superdeep diamonds, providing a single mechanism to carry superdeep diamonds all the way to the surface (Giuliani and Pearson, 2019). The depth of kimberlite formation is still unclear, however, and a shallower kimberlite origin from just below the continental lithosphere, no deeper than 300 km in the asthenosphere, appears more likely (Giuliani et al., 2023).

Such a shallow origin is supported by a recent model that links the timing and placement of kimberlites with convective instabilities or eddy currents associated with continental rifting (Gernon et al., 2023). As illustrated in figure 1, this model places the origin of kimberlites far closer to the surface than superdeep diamonds. An intermediate transport mechanism likely brings them up closer to the base of the lithosphere to be sampled by kimberlites alongside shallower lithospheric diamonds.

Several potential intermediate transport mechanisms have been proposed. These include mantle convection (Davies et al., 2004; Harte, 2010), localized buoyancy of the mantle rocks associated with diamond formation (Smith et al., 2018), upwardpercolating melts (Walter et al., 2022), and – perhaps the most widely accepted – mantle plumes, which are hot columns of rock rising through the mantle due to their lower relative density (Stachel et al., 2000; Tappert et al., 2005; Bulanova et al., 2010; Walter et al., 2011; Harte and Richardson, 2012). The timing of this journey with respect to diamond formation and later kimberlite eruption has also been unclear. There may be

Editor’s note: Questions or topics of interest should be directed to Evan Smith (evan.smith@gia.edu).

an intermediate period of storage in the upper mantle (Stachel et al., 2000). A recent study by Timmerman et al. (2023) reporting superdeep diamond ages has shed new light on their lengthy vertical journey.

A Primer on Superdeep Diamonds

There are multiple ways in which diamonds can form in the mantle. Diamond growth can occur in different geologic settings and involve different types of host rocks and carbonbearing fluids (Shirey and Shigley, 2013). Diamonds in the mantle can be broken down into two principal geologic settings or places where they grow: the lithospheric mantle and the sublithospheric mantle (figure 1). Further subdivisions are possible, but for simplicity we will only consider these two overarching groups. Note that here we are strictly speaking about mantle-derived diamonds found in kimberlites and related rocks or their eroded components. These are the kinds of diamonds mined as gemstones, which excludes diamonds from sources such as ultra-high-pressure metamorphic terranes, meteorites, impact sites, and ophiolites.

Diamonds from the lithospheric mantle crystallize in the base of old and thick regions of continental lithosphere (figure 1). These are the most common kinds of diamonds.

The second major geologic setting is the sublithospheric mantle, below the rigid lithospheric plates that make up the earth’s surface. Diamonds formed here are termed sublithospheric or superdeep diamonds. Superdeep diamonds make up an estimated 2% of diamonds mined globally, although the exact proportions are not well constrained and can vary greatly by deposit (Stachel et al., 2022).

When we encounter diamonds at the surface, they have been swept up into kimberlites or related mantle-derived igneous rocks. Lithospheric and superdeep diamond populations often mix together, as depicted in figure 1. Mineral inclusions provide a method for identifying these different kinds of diamonds because the mineralogy of mantle rocks changes with depth. When diamonds contain one or more inclusions that could only have been trapped within the sublithospheric mantle, this is conclusive evidence that the host diamond is superdeep. Good examples are ringwoodite (Pearson et al., 2014) or coexisting inclusion pairs of ferropericlase and bridgmanite (found as enstatite) (Stachel et al., 2005).

Superdeep diamonds have been studied with fervor since their discovery unfolded in the mid-1980s (Moore and Gurney, 1985; Scott Smith et al., 1984). A brief history of superdeep diamond

How do these diamonds move upward?

Kimberlite containing mixture of diamonds

Earth’s surface

Continental lithosphere

Lithospheric diamonds

150–200 km

Figure 1. Simplified cross-section of the earth showing diamonds in the mantle. How do the sublithospheric diamonds get into the kimberlite? The small black diamond symbols represent lithospheric diamonds, and the larger white symbols represent sublithospheric diamonds. A kimberlite, shown in red, erupts to the surface and contains both lithospheric and sublithospheric diamonds. Not to scale.

Sublithospheric (superdeep) diamonds

~300–800 km

research is recounted by Shirey et al. (2024). These crystals obtained from the deep have captivated scientists because they provide the only well-preserved samples of the sublithospheric mantle, making them uniquely suited to study the composition, dynamics, and evolution of the earth’s interior.

Ages of Superdeep Diamonds Rock and mineral ages help unravel sequences of geologic events. For diamonds, however, measuring an age of crystallization is often diffi cult and sometimes impossible because it relies on radiometric dating of inclusions. In order to obtain a reliable age, it is essential to obtain a diamond with the right kinds of inclusions to be analyzed for radiogenic isotopes. Radioactive isotopes decay at a prescribed rate and can be used as a sort of internal clock to date inclusions. Generally, the age of an inclusion is assumed to correspond to the age of its entrapment in the diamond host, and therefore the age of diamond growth. Overviews of diamond dating were contributed by Smit and Shirey (2019) and Smit et al. (2022).

Finding superdeep diamonds with the right kinds of inclusions has been challenging, in part because of their rarity and the often small sizes of the inclusions (Shirey et al., 2024). There are fewer diamonds and fewer inclusions to choose from. Another challenge stems from the fact that isotopic measurements need to be representative of the entire inclusion. This is not a problem if an inclusion is homogeneous, but if it is unmixed or separated

More recently, the breadth of superdeep diamonds has increased substantially as two varieties of high-quality gem diamonds were found to be sublithospheric. These are the nitrogen-poor, large, high-clarity diamonds subsequently named CLIPPIR diamonds and type IIb diamonds, which can have beautiful blue colors resulting from their boron content (Smith et al., 2016, 2017, 2018). Both of these newly recognized superdeep varieties, as well as many previously documented diamonds from the Juína region of Brazil and other global localities, have an association with subducted slabs of oceanic lithosphere (Walter et al., 2011; Smith et al., 2021; Regier et al., 2023). Subduction is a major geological process capable of recycling material such as carbon and water from the surface down into the mantle. The fact that superdeep diamonds offer insight into subduction processes makes them all the more valuable for learning about the geological evolution of our planet. For further background on superdeep diamonds, see reviews by Harte (2010), Harte and Hudson (2013), Kaminsky (2012), Shirey et al. (2024), Smith and Nestola (2021), Stachel et al. (2005), and Walter et al. (2022).

into multiple phases, the entire inclusion needs to be sampled in a bulk analysis. The latter is typical for superdeep diamonds because their inclusions tend to be retrograded or unmixed in texturally complex mineral assemblages and surrounded by large fractures into which parts of the inclusion may spread. In some cases the large fractures extend to the diamond’s exterior, which effectively opens the inclusion system to leakage or contamination and compromises the inclusion entirely. Some limited preliminary dating work suggested generally young ages compared to lithospheric diamonds (Bulanova et al., 2010; Harte and Richardson, 2012). Despite these difficulties, a recent study by Timmerman et al. (2023) has found coherent ages from four isotope systems (Rb-Sr, Sm-Nd, U-Pb, and Re-Os) applied to a suite of 11 diamonds from the Juína area of Brazil and two from Kankan, Guinea. Both localities are well-known occurrences for superdeep diamonds. The analyzed inclusions were calcium silicates, interpreted as former calcium silicate perovskite, as well as one example of iron sulfide. Taking all the data together gives overlapping ages of approximately 450 to 650 million years old (Timmerman et al., 2023). Although this range may seem imprecise, it is a remarkable result given the agreement across multiple isotope systems. Establishing this two-locality superdeep diamond age is a big piece of the puzzle of how the diamonds reached the surface.

Putting the Pieces Together

Ages help put the diamonds into a broader geological context. First, we can compare the 450–650 Ma (million years ago) ages of Juína and Kankan superdeep diamonds with the Cretaceous ages of their host kimberlite eruptions (the Cretaceous period spanned 145–66 Ma). Some of the Juína diamonds were from the Juína-5 and Collier-4 kimberlites, but the remaining Juína and Kankan diamonds studied by Timmerman et al. were from alluvial deposits, eroded from nearby kimberlites. Therefore, the kimberlite eruption age for all the samples was conservatively bracketed as Cretaceous (Timmerman et al., 2023).

The fact that these diamonds formed 450–650 Ma and later arrived at the surface in kimberlites around 145–66 Ma means the diamonds must have spent more than 300 million years in storage somewhere in the mantle. One scenario could be that the diamonds were formed and stored deep in the sublithospheric mantle, perhaps drifting with mantle convection currents. Later, in the Cretaceous, random packages of diamonds of coincidentally similar ages were carried upward by unidentifi ed mechanisms and sampled by kimberlites at Juína and Kankan. However, this scenario of deep and mobile storage does not fi t well with the spatial context of these two localities, considering past tectonic plate movements.

Figure 2. Multistage model for Juína and Kankan superdeep diamond formation and ascent. 1: Subduction (blue slab) beneath the Gondwana supercontinent, simplifi ed here as two lithospheric blocks (gray) that represent the Amazonian and West African portions that will contain the future Juína and Kankan deposits, respectively. 2: Superdeep diamond growth occurs at a depth of 300–800 km in association with the subducting oceanic plate. 3: As the oceanic plate warms, portions of rock decrease in density and serve as buoyant rafts for diamonds, carrying them upward. 4: Ascending superdeep diamond-bearing rocks adhere to the base of the continental lithosphere, where they are proposed to reside for about 300 million years. 5: Continental rifting at the start of the Cretaceous age divides the Amazonian and West African cratons and their attached superdeep diamonds. 6: Multiple kimberlite eruptions in the Juína area and Kankan sweep superdeep diamonds up to the surface. Not to scale. Based on Timmerman et al. (2023).

1. Subduction

4. Attachment to continent 5. Atlantic Ocean opening

6. Kimberlite eruptions

2. Superdeep diamond growth

3. Ascent in buoyant rock

Juína Kankan

At the time of diamond formation, Juína and Kankan, now separated by the Atlantic Ocean, were actually close neighbors in the supercontinent Gondwana. Given that these localities were adjacent, Timmerman et al. suggest that the similar age of the diamonds is not merely a coincidence but an indication that they formed in broadly the same sublithospheric setting. Subducting oceanic lithosphere around Gondwana’s edges (fi gure 2, step 1) would have made the sublithospheric mantle beneath Gondwana an ideal place for superdeep diamond growth. It is plausible that the studied diamonds formed in the sublithospheric mantle directly beneath the ancient neighboring Juína and Kankan sources (fi gure 2, step 2).

Since 450 Ma, the Juína and Kankan locations migrated about 6,500 km as the tectonic plates drifted. At the beginning of the Cretaceous age, Juína and Kankan separated as the Atlantic Ocean spread open (Timmerman et al., 2023). The notion that subsequent kimberlite eruptions contained those ancient sub-Gondwanan superdeep diamonds suggests that the diamonds were somehow pinned to the overlying continental blocks and were able to migrate with them. Timmerman et al. argue that the diamonds ascended in packages of buoyant, low-density rock shortly following their growth and that these diamond-studded rocks adhered to the underside of the continental lithosphere (fi gure 2, step 3). Melt-depleted metaperidotitic rock in the subducting slab could heat up near the top of the lower mantle (660 km), becoming less dense than the surrounding mantle and tearing apart to shed buoyant blobs of rock.

It is not an obvious answer that emerges, but with the above lines of reasoning from Timmerman et al. we arrive at the multistage model shown in fi gure 2. Knowing the diamond ages and being able to put them into the context of subduction and plate movements suggests steps 1 through 4 are successive and related. Subduction beneath Gondwana (step 1) creates

a favorable setting for diamond growth (step 2). Portions of the subducted slab heat up and become buoyant, ascending through the mantle (step 3) and adhering to the bottom of the overlying continental lithosphere (step 4). These steps likely occurred within 450–650 Ma, after which the diamonds spent more than 300 million years in storage at the base of the continental lithosphere as the plates drifted across the earth’s surface. At the start of the Cretaceous age, continental rifting separates the continental blocks as the Atlantic Ocean opens up (step 5). Mantle instabilities caused by rifting lead to kimberlite eruptions within tens of millions of years (Gernon et al., 2023) and the dormant superdeep diamonds are fi nally swept up to the surface (step 6).

The model outlined in fi gure 2, with consecutive processes of diamond formation and ascent that are both linked to the subducted slab, could apply to other superdeep diamonds, not just those at Juína and Kankan. An intermediate period of storage in the upper mantle has been proposed previously based on the textures of unmixed or retrograded mineral inclusions (Stachel et al., 2000). For example, some superdeep diamonds contain two-phase inclusions of breyite (CaSiO3) and perovskite (CaTiO3), which are interpreted as unmixed from an original single-phase Ca(Si,Ti)O3-perovskite (fi gure 3). Unmixing of these two phases would have occurred at a depth shallower than about 300 km, consistent with a period of shallow mantle storage prior to kimberlite eruption (e.g., following step 4 in fi gure 2). These and other types of inclusions, such as majoritic garnets, show consistent evidence of reequilibration that could occur during storage in the upper mantle (Timmerman et al., 2023).

Even beyond mineral inclusions, CLIPPIR and type IIb superdeep diamonds have textural evidence consistent with a period of storage in the mantle. These diamonds contain ubiquitous dislocation networks, seen in cathodo-

Figure 3. An inclusion-bearing pink superdeep diamond. The largest inclusion is a two-phase mixture dominated by colorless breyite (CaSiO3) and small spots of brown perovskite (CaTiO3), the latter circled in image C. The inclusion is surrounded by graphitized fractures that appear black. The original rough weight was 1.37 ct, before windows were polished to examine the inclusions. Photomicrographs by Evan M. Smith; fi elds of view 14.52 mm (A), 1.42 mm (B), and 0.50 mm (C).

luminescence and deep-UV (<230 nm) imaging (figure 4) (Smith et al., 2017, 2018; Regier et al., 2023). Plastic deformation generates the dislocations, but their movement and reorganization into network patterns requires a period of recovery at high temperatures (Hanley et al., 1977). If these kinds of superdeep diamonds also ascend with buoyant slabderived rocks and adhere to the continental base, this period of quiescent storage could provide the right conditions for dislocation network formation.

Importance for Diamond Mining and Exploration

Superdeep diamonds have long been thought of as small and generally not of gem quality, and thus they were deemed irrelevant in assessing the value of a potential diamond deposit. But the recognition that some of the highest-quality and most valuable type IIa and type IIb diamonds are superdeep is changing this perception (Smith et al., 2016, 2017, 2018). Now we can

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

recognize that some diamond mines, such as Letšeng (Lesotho), Cullinan (South Africa), and Karowe (Botswana), derive a major portion of their revenue from superdeep diamonds. The development of tools for exploration and mining that can specifically target superdeep diamonds would be advantageous. Currently, lithospheric mantle indicator minerals such as eclogitic and chromium-pyrope garnets are used as a proxy for diamond potential, but this tool is blind to superdeep diamonds. Developing a better understanding of how superdeep diamonds reach the surface does not necessarily reveal a simple solution for their exploration, but it might help geologists look in the right direction. It appears likely that superdeep diamonds ascend in packages of buoyant rock and are stored in the upper mantle, which could be an important clue. Host rocks in this intermediate setting might shed distinct indicator minerals or geochemical signatures into erupting kimberlites that are more widespread and easier to detect than the superdeep diamonds themselves.

Many thanks to Dr. Suzette Timmerman (University of Bern, Switzerland) for suggestions that improved this column.

Figure 4. Blue type IIb diamond with dislocation networks. Left: Face-up image of a 0.08 ct Fancy Light blue diamond (2.76 × 2.42 mm). Photo by Jian Xin (Jae) Liao. Right: Cathodoluminescence image revealing dislocation networks. Image by Elina Myagkaya; field of view 2.18 mm.

REFERENCES

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Interesting facts

 During the Victorian era, certain gemstones were used as secret codes in jewellery. For example, acrostic jewellery used the first letters of stones – such as lapi, opal, verdant emerald and eglantine – to spell "LOVE". People wore them to send hidden messages.

 Found primarily in the Dominican Republic, blue amber glows a beautiful blue under sunlight. Unlike typical yellow or brown amber, blue amber contains certain plant resins that fluoresce under UV light, making it incredibly rare and valuable.

 Kintsugi is a traditional Japanese technique of repairing ceramics with lacquer and a metal powder that is usually made from gold or silver. The centuriesold practice is often used to mend treasured objects by beautifying the cracks, which serve as a visual record of the object’s history.

 Astronomical watches are one of the most complex watch complications. They combine the mechanism of time-telling and the science of astronomy and present the mesmerising universe, from planets to the sun, on a single dial.

 The Royal Mint vault (known simply as The Vault) was constructed in 1986 and is guarded by trained security staff around the clock. Although the vault is certainly sizeable, it may not quite be the largest such installation in the UK. Reports suggest that the Bank of England vaults hold 20% of the world’s entire gold store, amounting to somewhere in excess of 5 000 tones.

 Emerald-cut diamond origins date back to the 1500s and were named after these stones. Emeralds are soft stones and also tend to have more internal inclusions. The stone-cutters used this shape because it reduced any chipping or cracking during the cutting process and then during setting the stone.

 Trapiche emerald is a rare variety of the gemstone emerald, characterised by a six-arm radial pattern of usually black spokes separating areas of green emerald. These emeralds get their name from the trapiche (pronounced tra·PEE·che), a grinding wheel used in Colombia, South America. In the regions where these gems are often found. People use these wheels to process sugarcane.

Chiara Lorenzetti Kintsugi, Wikimedia Commons

Luciana Barbosa, Wikimedia Commons

Vassil, Wikimedia Commons

Pandora, the world’s largest jewellery brand, has announced that it has changed its precious metals supply and is now sourcing only recycled silver and gold for all its jewellery

THE SHIFT AVOIDS SIGNIFICANT GREENHOUSE gas emissions, as mining requires more energy and resources than recycling. The carbon footprint of recycled silver is one-third that of mined silver, while the recycling of gold emits less than 1% of the carbon emissions from mining new gold. By sourcing recycled metals, Pandora avoids emitting about 58 000 tons of CO2 per year. This is similar to the annual electricity use of 11 000 homes, or driving 6 000 cars around the world.

Pandora completes shift to 100% recycled silver and gold

“Precious metals can be recycled forever without any loss of quality. Silver originally mined centuries ago is just as good as new and improved recycling can significantly reduce the climate footprint of the jewellery industry,” says CEO Alexander Lacik.

Silver and gold are the most used precious metals in Pandora jewellery. In 2020, the brand set a target to source 100% recycled silver and gold by 2025. The company reached this milestone earlier than expected, by the end of 2023, thanks to strong commitment from its suppliers.

All suppliers have had to switch their operations to only source materials which are certified as recycled according to the Responsible Jewellery Council Chain of Custody, one of the strictest standards in the industry. For many, this has introduced new processes and equipment to ensure complete segregation of mined and recycled metals

across the entire supply chain, including sorting, melting and manufacturing. More than 100 Pandora employees have been involved in the transition work.

Allowing time for the depletion of existing inventory of metals, Pandora expects that it will be crafting all new jewellery with 100% recycled silver and gold during the final months of 2024. In 2023, 97% of the silver and gold sourced for Pandora’s jewellery was recycled.

Today, less than 20% of the world’s silver supply comes from recycled sources, typically from discarded electronics, old jewellery, silverware, manufacturing scrap and other waste from industry. Once collected, recycled silver undergoes a refining process where impurities are removed and the metal is recast to be used again.

Pandora is the world’s largest jewellery brand. The company designs, manufactures

and markets hand-finished jewellery made from high-quality materials at affordable prices. Pandora jewellery is sold in more than 100 countries through more than 6 500 points of sale, including more than 2 500 concept stores.

Headquartered in Copenhagen, Denmark, it employs 32 000 people worldwide and crafts its jewellery at two LEED-certified facilities in Thailand. Pandora is committed to leadership in sustainability and halving greenhouse gas emissions across its value chain by 2030. It is listed on the Nasdaq Copenhagen stock exchange and generated sales of DKK26,5 billion (about R69 billion) in 2022.

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G HARRIS DESIGN STUDIOS CC

Tel no: 021 555 1437

E-mail: harrisjewellers@telkomsa.net; gharris@telkomsa.net

Website: www.harrisjewellers.net

GATTOO JEWELLERY DESIGN STUDIO

Tel no: 011 852 2046

E-mail: gattoosdesign@gmail.com

GAUTA REFINERIES (PTY) LTD

Tel no: 012 753 3304

E-mail: rudi@gautarefinery.com

Website: https://www.gautarefinery.com/

GEM AFRIQUE

Tel no: 062 050 6479

E-mail: soni2.goldsmith@gmail.com

GERHARD MOOLMAN FINE JEWELLERY

Tel: 021 914 0838

E-mail: gerhard@gmfinejewellery.co.za

GLOBAL JEWELLERY ACADEMY

Tel no: 082 337 6428

E-mail: robertb@globaljewelleryacademy.co.za

Website: www.globaljewelleryacademy.co.za

GOLD AND I (PTY) LTD

Tel no: 084 360 6762

E-mail: info@goldandi.co.za

Website: www.goldandi.co.za

GOLDFASHION JEWELLERS CC

Tel no: 021 931 1319

E-mail: mhendricks@wsnet.co.za; goldfashion@telkomsa.net

GOUDSMID TEHILA VAN ENGELENHOVEN

Tel no: 082 674 4410

E-mail: tehila@absamail.co.za

GRYPHON MOSS

Tel: 082 049 2488

E-mail: kate@gryphonmoss.co.za

HAUPT JUWELEN (PTY) LTD

Tel: 072 587 0055

E-mail: info@hauptjuwelen.co.za

HAVILAH GOLD CREATIONS

Tel no: 041 581 1942

E-mail: design@havilah.co.za; carol@havilah.co.za

Website: www.havilah.co.za

HEATHER JANE SMITH CERAMICS & PORCELAIN

Tel no: 064 915 4282

E-mail: ladyheatherette@gmail.com

HELEN MICHALETOS

Tel: 082 342 1577

E-mail: helen.michaletos@gmail.com

HESTI PRINSLOO T/A FETTER-AND-THREE

Tel: 082 855 9088

E-mail: hesti@fetter-and-three.co.za

HOLLY CROSS JEWELLERY

Tel: 079 477 2729

E-mail: vhaswayouth@gmail.com

ICKINGER JEWELLERS

Tel no: 015 307 4448

E-mail: jacques@ickinger.co.za

Website: www.ickinger.co.za

iKE YKE

Tel: 083 225 0425

E-mail: michael@eqimpact.co.za

IMFUNDISO SKILLS DEVELOPMENT

Tel no: 012 734 0245

E-mail: imfundiso@mweb.co.za

Website: www.imfundiso.com

IMPILO COLLECTION

Tel no: 010 0210441

E-mail: ayeung@impilocollection.co.za

Website: www.facebook.com/impilocollection

INGE SCHOLTZ JEWELLERYDESIGNER & MANUFACTURER

Tel no: 073 271 3789

E-mail: admin@csvaluers.co.za

ISA B JEWELLERY DESIGNS

E-mail: bothmaisabel09@gmail.com

ISABELLA JEWELLERS & REFINERS CC

Tel no: 011 334 5919

E-mail: isabella@isabella-refiners.co.za

Website: www.isabella-refiners.co.za

J HIND JEWELLERS

Tel no: 031 306 1330

E-mail: jhindrajesh@gmail.com

Website: https://www.jhindjewellers.co.za/

JAGGATH JEWELLERS

Tel no: 031 307 7790

E-mail: navinjagath372@gmail.com

JANINE BINNEMAN JEWELLERY DESIGNS

Tel no: 021 715 6178

E-mail: info@janinebinneman.com

Website: https://janinebinneman.com/

JEWEL CRAFT – BRANDHOF

Tel no: 051 444 3449

E-mail: rean.p@mweb.co.za

Website: www.jewelcraft.co.za

JEWELLERY CONNECTION

Tel no: 011 728 6800

E-mail: vmagnes@netactive.co.za

JEWELLERY CONSULTANCY

Tel no: 083 581 1513

E-mail: md.jewelleryconsultancy@gmail.com

Website: www.jewelleryconsultancy.co.za

JOHANNA VAN ZYL

Tel no: 082 778 5846

E-mail: jo@johannavanzyl.co.za

Website: www.johannavanzyl.co.za

JOHN 3 JEWELLERY

Tel no: 076 822 8783

E-mail: john3jewellery@gmail.com

JOHN STEDMAN

T/A ELEMENTAL DESIGN

Tel no: 031 572 2902

E-mail: john@elementaldesign.co.za

Website: www.elementaldesign.co.za

JOHREN MANUFACTURING CC

T/A THE JEWELLERY SHOP

Tel no: 046 624 3748

E-mail: johren@telkomsa.net

JOY MASSYN JEWELLERY (PTY) LTD

Tel no: 012 662 2861

E-mail: joy@joymassyn.co.za

Website: http://www.joymassyn.com/

JUPITER'S JUNGLE (PTY) LTD

Tel no: 061 503 6561

E-mail: admin@jupitersjungle.com

Website: www.jupitersjungle.com/www.ginawhite.com

JYARAS JEWELLERS (PTY) LTD

Tel no: 067 397 6373

E-mail: admin@jyarasjewellers.co.za

Website: https://jyarasjewellers.co.za/contact/

K2 DESIGN STUDIO

Tel no: 031 940 1274

E-mail: khanyisile@k2designstudio.co.za

Website: www.k2designstudio.co.za

KARLIEN DESIGNS CC

Tel no: 083 659 2607

E-mail: karlien@karliendesigns.co.za

Website: www.karliendesigns.co.za

KARLSEN JEWELLERY CO

Tel no: 033 386 7872

E-mail: karlsen@jewelleryco.co.za

KATANNUTA DIAMONDS CC

Tel: 082 451 9429

E-mail: clare@katannutadiamonds.co.za; info@katannutadiamonds.co.za

KAYRO JEWELLERS

Tel no: 041 585 4842

E-mail: slaide.kayro@mweb.co.za

KEA-NTHABI’S AFRICAN DESIGN

Tel: 083 350 2737

E-mail: keanthabi1@gmail.com

KHONJE DESIGNS

Tel: 012 460 1569

E-mail: info@khonjedesigns.com

KIM CLOETE JEWELLERY DESIGN

Tel no: 021 531 9082

E-mail: kim@kimcloetedesign.co.za Website: http://www.kimcloetedesign.co.za/

KINKEL JEWELLERY

Tel no: 021 786 1549

E-mail: info@kinkeljewellery.co.za Website: www.kinkeljewellery.co.za

KNIGHT OF GREY T/A ELEGANTE

Tel: 011 825 5822

E-mail: elegantemagnificent@gmail.com

KRISTEN MALAN CC

Tel no: 011 880 1866

E-mail: kristen@merindol.com; john@merindol.com

KUSASA REFINING (PTY) LTD

Tel: 010 001 6284

E-mail: greg.magid@kusasarefining.co.za; info@kusasarefining.co.za

LADY PECULIAR

Tel no: 021 886 8868

E-mail: info@ladypeculiar.co.za

Website: www.ladypeculiar.co.za

L’AUTRICHE FINE JEWELLERY

Tel no: 011 883 4021

E-mail: ernst@lebijoux.co.za

Website: www.lautrichefj.co.za

LEOPOLDINE DESIGNS

Tel no: 076 586 3820

E-mail: info@leopoldinedesigns.co.za

LILLY FRIEDLAENDER CC

Tel no: 021 887 1655

E-mail: lilly.f@wol.co.za

LIMPOPO JEWELLERY BUSINESS INCUBATOR

Tel no: 015 293 0214

E-mail: tessa@ljbi.org.za; mabatho@ljbi.org.za; siphelele@ljbi.org.za; admin@ljbi.org.za; shokky@ljbi.org.za

LORIEN MANUFACTURING JEWELLERS

Tel no: 011 967 1700

E-mail: heather@allanybrink.co.za

LOTTI JEWELLERY

Tel no: 079 386 1079

E-mail: info@lottijewellery.co.za

LOVI JEWELLERY DESIGN

Tel no: 011 882 3272

E-mail: lovijewellery@gmail.com

LYNDA MARION JEWELLERY

Tel no: 082 651 8145

E-mail: silver@lyndamarion.com

M2 JEWELLERS CC

Tel no: 012 460 6793

E-mail: maryna@m2jewellery.com

Website: www.m2jewellery.com

MADELIEF DESIGNER JEWELLERY

Tel no: 083 453 7018

E-mail: madeliefjewellery@gmail.com

MADELINE’S TEMPTATIONS

Tel no: 083 305 2798

E-mail: info@madelinestemptations.co.za

Website: www.madelinestemptations.co.za

MAGGIE AFRICA

Tel no: 072 882 2586

E-mail: maggieroodt@telkomsa.net

MAGMA METAL RECOVERIES

Tel no: 031 702 4422

E-mail: edwards@astronet.co.za

MAPULA DESIGNER JEWELLER (PTY) LTD

Tel no: 083 641 2724

E-mail: mapuladesigner@gmail.com

Website: www.mapuladesignerjeweller.com

MARINE GOLD CC

Tel no: 021 424 0077

E-mail: stephen@marinegold.co.za

MARION’S JEWELLERY STUDIO

Tel no: 041 368 4582/3

E-mail: marionsstudio@mweb.co.za

MARK WHITEHORN GOLDSMITH

Tel no: 083 271 6065

E-mail: info@markwhitehorn.co.za

Website: https://markwhitehorn.co.za/

MARTIN MILLS GOLDFIELDS

Tel: 0727167632

E-mail: mmillsgoldfields@gmail.com

MASELESELE JEWELLERS

Tel no: 012 734 0245

E-mail: imfundiso@mweb.co.za; imfundisojewellers@mweb.co.za

Website: www.imfundiso.com

MEDITERRANEAN JEWELLERS

Tel no: 082 689 0630

E-mail: panayiotis@mmjewellers.co.za

Website: http://www.mmjewellers.co.za/

METAL CONCENTRATORS SA (PTY) LTD –

OR TAMBO INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT SEZ

Tel no: 012 000 4440

E-mail: info@MetCon.co.za

Website: www.MetCon.co.za

METAL CONCENTRATORS SA (PTY) LTD –

CAPE TOWN

Tel no: 021 510 0770

E-mail: salesct@MetCon.co.za

Website: www.MetCon.co.za

METAL IMAGE

Tel no: 021 447 6600

E-mail: mi_greg@iafrica.com; mi_accounts@iafrica.com

Website: www.metalimage.co.za

MG IVORY

Tel no: 011 788 1018

E-mail: mgivory@netactive.co.za

MICHAEL J SOLOMON

MANUFACTURING JEWELLERS (MJS)

Tel no: 011 792 5292

E-mail: ms@absamail.co.za

MICHL CONTEMPORARY FINE JEWELLERY

Tel no: 021 913 3944

E-mail: michelleliaosa@gmail.com

Website: www.michljewellery.com

MINITZA

Tel: 082 77 29812

E-mail: info@minitza.co.za

MIRKO JEWELLERY

Tel no: 021 886 8296

E-mail: mirinda@mirkojewels.co.za

Website: http://mirkojewels.co.za/

MOON INVESTMENTS

Tel: 021 551 2066

E-mail: invest@mooninvest.co.za

MUGA MUGA HANDMADES

Tel no: 072 299 7148

E-mail: info@mugamuga.co.za

Website: www.mugamuga.co.za

MZANTSI DIAMOND MERCHANTS (PTY) LTD

Tel: 041 379 1162

E-mail: mzantsidiamonds@gmail.com

N.N JEWELLERS

Tel: 082 081 8179

E-mail: nico.nieuwoudt.nn@gmail.com

NEWMAN JEWELLERY DESIGN

Tel no: 012 329 9600

E-mail: nina@newmandesign.co.za; dave@newmandesign.co.za

NILU ENGRAVING & JEWELLERY (PTY) LTD

Tel no: 083 384 7792

E-mail: laser@nilu.co.za

Website: www.nilu.co.za/

NINA BOSCH PORCELAIN

Tel: 079 891 7240

E-mail: info@ninabosch.co.za

NOVUS DESIGN STUDIO

Tel no: 012 332 5850

E-mail: info@novusdesign.co.za

Website: http://www.novusdesign.co.za/

NQ JEWELLERY DESIGN SERVICES

Tel no: 073 700 6225

E-mail: nq2jewel@gmail.com

Website: www.nqjewellery.co.za

NV DESIGN COMPANY

T/A BY NANETTE

Tel no: 021 883 3856

E-mail: nanette@bynanette.com

Website: www.bynanette.com

ORO AFRICA (PTY) LTD – CAPE TOWN

Tel no: 021 480 9860

E-mail: sharin@oroafrica.com

Website: www.oroafrica.com

OSMOND’S

Tel no: 021 559 8277

E-mail: osmond@telkomsa.net

PAUL GALLIAS

Tel no: 073 194 2415

E-mail: pgallias@hotmail.com

PEARL AND DIAMOND STUDIO

Tel no: 011 678 0595/6

E-mail: pearldiamond@mweb.co.za

Website: https://www.pearlanddiamond.co.za/

PETRA JEWELLERY DESIGN

Tel: 021 789 0312

E-mail: info@petrajewellery.co.za

PHATSIMA JEWELLERY DESIGNS

Tel no: 072 739 6800

E-mail: phatsimantando@gmail.com; orders@phatsimajd.com

Website: www.phatsimajd.com

PHILIP ZETLER JEWELLERS

Tel no: 021 423 2771

E-mail: pzetler@mweb.co.za

Website: www.philipzetlerjewellers.co.za

PHOENIX MANUFACTURING JEWELLERS

Tel no: 012 549 4966

E-mail: jack@phoenixjewellers.co.za

Website: www.phoenixjewellers.co.za

PICCOLO FINE DESIGNER JEWELLERY

Tel no: 083 396 6178

E-mail: suvette@piccolo-jewellery.co.za

Website: http://piccolo-jewellery.co.za/

PIYUVE JEWELLERS CC

Tel no: 031 301 3963

E-mail: aroon@piyuvejewelers.co.za; shashi@piyuvejewelers.co.za

Website: www.piyuvejewelers.co.za

PNEUMA JEWELLERS CC

Tel no: 011 702 1462

E-mail: admin@pneumajewellers.com

Website: www.pneumajewellers.co.za

POPULAR DIAMOND

JEWELLERY MANUFACTURING CC

Tel no: 011 484 7044

E-mail: pop@tiscali.co.za

PRECIOUS ONE JEWELLERY

Tel no: 056 212 1229

E-mail: antonjewels@yahoo.com

PRECISION SETTERS

Tel no: 011 484 7803/4

E-mail: julian@precisionsetters.co.za

PRETTY FOUND THINGS

Tel no: 083 651 9042

E-mail: prettyfoundthings@gmail.com

Website: www.prettyfoundthings.co.za

PREVIDA & CO

Tel no: 011 701 5074

E-mail: previda@previdaandco.com

PRINS & PRINS DIAMONDS

Tel no: 021 422 1090

E-mail: petre@prinsandprins.com; riana@prinsandprins.com

Website: www.prinsandprins.com

QUICKSET JEWELLERS

Tel no: 031 468 9236

E-mail: qsjewel@telkomsa.net; osjewel@telkomsa.net

Website: www.quicksetjewellers.co.za

RAMSDEN DIAMONDS

T/A OLYMPIA AVENUE MANUFACTURING JEWELLERS

Tel: 011 404 5010

E-mail: info@olympia-avenue.co.za

RAND REFINERY LIMITED

Tel no: 011 418 9000

E-mail: nicolab@gold.co.za Website: www.randrefinery.com

RARE EARTH CREATIONS

Tel no: 011 326 1727 E-mail: noloyiso@rarearth.co.za Website: https://www.rareearth.co.za/

REC SET & ENGRAVE (PTY) LTD

Tel no: 011 326 1727

E-mail: neil@rarearth.co.za; noloyiso@rarearth.co.za

RICHLINE SA (PTY) LTD

Tel no: 011 418 1600

E-mail: johan@richlinesa.co.za; marco@richlinesa.co.za Website: www.richlinegroup.co.za

RITCO MANUFACTURING JEWELLERS

Tel no: 041 374 2101

E-mail: sales@ritco.co.za Website: www.ritco.co.za

RODNEY CHANDLER JEWELLERS (PTY) LTD

Tel no: 082 606 0493

E-mail: mcjewel@netactive.co.za

ROHAN CHERRY DESIGNS

Tel no: 082 974 4566

E-mail: info@rcdesigns.co.za Website: www.rcdesign.co.za

ROK ORIGINALS

Tel no: 072 203 3288

E-mail: info@rokoriginals.com Website: https://www.rokoriginals.com/

ROMANELLI DESIGNS (PTY) LTD

Tel no: 011 794 1666

E-mail: bling@romanellidesigns.co.za Website: https://romanellidesigns.co.za/

RUTH PROWSE SCHOOL OF ART

Tel no: 021 447 2492

E-mail: admin@ruthprowse.co.za

Website: www.ruthprowse.co.za

SATHKAAR JEWELLERS C.C

Tel no: 031 306 4921

E-mail: sathkaar@gmail.com

SANDHAVON DIAMOND CUTTING WORKS

Tel no: 083 233 0910

E-mail: kevin@lutrin.co.za

SAVAGE JEWELLERY

Tel no: 082 902 2302

E-mail: nicola@savagejewellery.com

SCANT DESIGN

Tel: 072 339 1885

E-mail: as@scant.co.za

SCARAB JEWELLERY STUDIO CC

Tel no: 021 683 4646

E-mail: janine@scarabjewellery.co.za; tanya@scarabjewellery.co.za

Website: www.scarabjewellery.co.za

SEA & SHORE

Tel: 082 742 5343

E-mail: seashore.resin@gmail.com

SERAGLIO JEWELLERS

Tel no: 011 783 8301

E-mail: rolling.albert@yahoo.com

Website: www.seragliojewellers.com

SHADOW JEWELLERS

Tel no: 082 689 8297

E-mail: shadrackmogoane@yahoo.com

SHANI D JEWELLERY DESIGN (PTY) LTD

Tel no: 082 308 2111

E-mail: diamondshani@gmail.com

Website: http://www.shanidjewellery.co.za/

SIBAHLE JEWELLERY (PTY) LTD

Tel no: 011 049 3933

E-mail: nthabiseng@sibahlejewellery.co.za

Website: www.sibahlejewellery.co.za

SILK ROUTE GOLD (PTY) LTD

Tel no: 011 450 3192

E-mail: info@silkroutegold.com

Website: www.silkroutegold.com

SIMON EFUNE MANUFACTURING JEWELLERS

Tel no: 011 334 4529

E-mail: simon.efune@mweb.co.za

SIRKEL JEWELLERY

Tel no: 011 726 2365

E-mail: sirkeldesign@gmail.com

Website: www.sirkeljewellery.co.za

SL HERMAN MANUFACTURING JEWELLERS

Tel no: 012 460 6771

E-mail: slhj@telkomsa.net

Website: www.hermanmanufacturingjewellers.co.za

SMITH JEWELLERY

Tel no: 071 313 8649

E-mail: info@smith-jewellery.com

Website: www.smith-jewellery.com

STARBRIGHT JEWELLERY

Tel no: 083 775 9995

E-mail: megan@starbrightgirl.com

Website: https://www.starbrightgirl.com/

STUDIO 1980 (PTY) LTD

Tel no: 083 379 0171

E-mail: info@studio1980za.com

Website: https://studio1980za.com/

STUDIO 39 JEWELLERY DESIGN

Tel no: 031 764 3000

E-mail: studio39@telkomsa.net

Website: www.studio39.co.za

STUDIO C MANUFACTURING JEWELLERS

Tel no: 011 642 7826

E-mail: chris@studioc.co.za; peggy@studioc.co.za

Website: www.studioc.co.za

STUDIO LOUBSER

Tel no: 011 782 4051

E-mail: liz@lizloubser.com; info@studioloubser.com

Website: www.studioloubser.com

SUGARBUSH CREATIONS

Tel no: 015 293 2358

E-mail: sugarbushcreations@gmail.com

SURITA DU TOIT FINE JEWELLERY (PTY) LTD

Tel: 082 779 7084

E-mail: info@suritadutoit.com

TASHA SWART CREATIONS

Tel: 082 523 9982

E-mail: tashaswart.creations@gmail.com

THATO RADEBE JEWELLERY

E-mail: thato@thatoradebejewellery.co.za

Website: https://thatoradebejewellery.co.za/

THE BERA DIAMOND ACADEMY

Tel no: 011 854 4556

E-mail: mmbera@gmail.com; muhammad.bera@absa.co.za

Website: http://www.benefittohumanity.com/

THE JABULANI CHARITABLE TRUST

Tel: 031 303 2396

E-mail: paula@jabulanijewellery.co.za; colleen@jabulanijewellery.co.za

THE JEWELLERY HUB

Tel no: 083 326 5746

E-mail: ian@worldofdiamonds.co.za; yolandi@worldofdiamonds.co.za

Website: www.worldofdiamonds.co.za

THE MAKERY

Tel no: 082 600 7142

E-mail: info@themakerycollection.com

Website: www.themakerycollection.com

THE PLATINUM INCUBATOR

Tel no: 014 597 0736

E-mail: sibongile@tpi.org.za

Website: www.tpi.org.za

TINSEL GALLERY

Tel no: 011 782 4051

E-mail: geraldine@tinsel.co.za

Website: https://tinselgallery.com/

TIP TOP JEWELLERS

Tel no: 044 873 3048

E-mail: tiptop@lantic.net

TRIMALCHIO

Tel no: 012 346 6874

E-mail: casanra@mweb.co.za

TRISLO (PTY) LTD

Tel no: 012 259 0100

E-mail: info@trislo.co.za

Website: www.trislo.co.za

TSHWANE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY

Tel no: 012 382 6007

E-mail: newmand@tut.ac.za

Website: www.tut.ac.za

UNCUT JEWELLERS

Tel no: 083 225 8221

E-mail: mark@uncutjewellers.co.za

Website: www.uncutjewellers.co.za

UNIVERSITY OF JOHANNESBURG

Tel no: 011 559 1129/1125

E-mail: fnazier@uj.ac.za

Website: www.uj.ac.za

UNIVERSITY OF STELLENBOSCH

Tel no: 021 808 3047

E-mail: ct@sun.ac.za; Joani@sun.ac.za

Website: www.sun.ac.za/english/faculty/arts/visual-arts/

VAN DEIJL MANUFACTURING JEWELLERS

Tel no: 021 914 2192

E-mail: info@vdmj.co.za

VAWDA GOLD GEM JEWELLERS

Tel no: 031 208 9142/3

E-mail: info@vawdagoldgem.co.za

Website: www.vawdagoldgem.co.za

VICTORIA ORPEN JEWELLERS

Tel no: 011 615 4758

E-mail: victoriaorpensa@gmail.com; roxanne.campbell07@gmail.com

VIJAY SHAH CONCEPTS

Tel no: 031 564 2948

E-mail: vijayshah@telkomsa.net; nihalshah23@gmail.com

Website: www.vijayshahjewellers.co.za

VK JEWELLERY

Tel no: 082 789 4498

E-mail: vivek@vkjewellery.co.za

Website: www.vkjewellery.co.za

WAINWRIGHT JEWELLERS

Tel no: 021 554 1169

E-mail: info@wainwrightjewel.co.za

Website: www.wainwrightjewel.co.za

WOOSH DESIGNS JEWELLERY STUDIO

Tel no: 011 318 1340

E-mail: wooshen@wooshjewellery.co.za

Website: www.wooshjewellery.co.za

YOL NOMADIC JEWELLERY

Tel no: 074 136 3633

E-mail: yol_lu@yahoo.fr

ZION PRECIOUS METALS (PTY) LTD

Tel: 010 109 2057

E-mail: compliance@zionpreciousmetals.com; depot@zionpreciousmetals.com

ZULU MIEN

Tel: 0823344426

E-mail: zulumien@gmail.com

ZUREL BROTHERS SA (PTY) LTD

Tel no: 015 293 2306/58

E-mail: zurelpolokwane@telkomsa.net; zurelqms@gmail.com

Website: www.zurel.co.za

From The World’s Foremost Authority in Gemology™

Brand supporters

ANNA-B JEWELLERY www.annab.co.za orders@annab.co.za 071-843-2452

AFRASIAN DIAMONDS www.afrasiandiamonds.com info@afrasiandiamonds.com (011) 268-6980

CAPE PRECIOUS METALS www.capepreciousmetals.com orders@capepreciousmetals.co.za (021) 551-2066 (Cape Town) (011) 334 6263 (Germiston) (031) 303-5402 (Cape Town) (041) 365-1890 (PE/Gqeberha)

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