International Journal of Architecture and Infrastructure Planning vol 2 issue 2 by JournalsPub

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le m c i b t r Su A Applied Mechanics r International Journal of Electro Mechanics and u Mechanical Behaviour International Journal of Machine Design and Yo

Mechanical Engineering

¬ International Journal of Thermal Energy and

¬ International Journal of Production Engineering ¬ International Journal of Industrial Engineering

« « «

Applications

Manufacturing International Journal of Mechanical Dynamics and Analysis International Journal of Fracture and damage Mechanics International Journal of Structural Mechanics and Finite Elements

and Design ¬ International Journal of Manufacturing and

Materials Processing ¬ International Journal of Mechanical Handling and

Automation 5 more...

Electronics and Telecommunication « International Journal of Radio Frequency Design « International Journal of VLSI Design and Technology « International Journal of Embedded Systems and Emerging

Technologies « International Journal of Digital Electronics « International Journal of Digital Communication and Analog

Chemical Engineering « International Journal of Renewable Energy and its

Commercialization « International Journal of Environmental Chemistry « International Journal of Agrochemistry « International Journal of Prevention and Control of Industrial

Pollution

5 more...

Signals

Civil Engineering

« International Journal of Housing and Human Settlement

Planning « International Journal of Architecture and Infrastructure

Planning « International Journal of Rural and Regional Planning

« « « «

Development

International Journal of Water Resources Engineering International Journal of Concrete Technology International Journal of Structural Engineering and Analysis International Journal of Construction Engineering and Planning

« International Journal of Town Planning and Management

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Electrical Engineering

Computer Science and Engineering International Journal of Wireless Network Security International Journal of Algorithms Design and Analysis International Journal of Mobile Computing Devices International Journal of Software Computing and Testing International Journal of Data Structures and Algorithms 5 more...

International Journal of Analog Integrated Circuits International Journal of Automatic Control System International Journal of Electrical Machines & Drives International Journal of Electrical Communication Engineering « International Journal of Integrated Electronics Systems and 4 more... Circuits

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Material Sciences and Engineering

International Journal of Immunological Nursing International Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing International Journal of Neurological Nursing International Journal of Orthopedic Nursing International Journal of Oncological Nursing

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International Journal of Energetic Materials International Journal of Bionics and Bio-Materials International Journal of Ceramics and Ceramic Technology International Journal of Bio-Materials and Biomedical Engineering 4 more...

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International Journal of Photochemistry International Journal of Analytical and Applied Chemistry International Journal of Green Chemistry International Journal of Chemical and Molecular Engineering 3 more...

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International Journal of

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Biomaterials International Journal of Plant Biotechnology International Journal of Molecular Biotechnology International Journal of Biochemistry and Biomolecules International Journal of Animal Biotechnology and 3 more... Applications

Nanotechnology « International Journal of Applied Nanotechnology « International Journal of Nanomaterials and Nanostructures « International Journals of Nanobiotechnology

Chemistry

Physics « International Journal of Solid State Materials « International Journal of Optical Sciences

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International Journal of Architecture and Infrastructure Planning

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International Journal of Architecture and Infrastructure Planning

International Journal of Architecture and Infrastructure Planning is rapidly growing area of architecture and planning is devoted to create awareness in the sustainable architecture and related fields that are of equal importance and can create an impact on the ongoing research.

Focus and Scope of the Journal  Building science and management  Computer techniques in architectural design  Construction industry  Heritage studies and conservation  Infrastructure planning and systems management  Maintenance and up-gradation of historic structures  Planning, designing, and constructing buildings  Contemporary architecture  Organic architecture  Sustainable architecture

International Journal of Architecture and Infrastructure Planning.is published twice a year (bi-annual) by JournalsPub- an imprint of Dhruv Infosystems Pvt. Ltd., India. The outlooks stated in the articles do not essentially reflect of the publisher. The publisher does not endorse the quality or value of the advertised/sponsored products described therein. Please consult full prescribing information before issuing a prescription for any products mentioned in this publication. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in retrieval or transmitted in any form without written permission to the publisher. To cite any of the material contained in this journal, in English or translation, please use the full English reference at the beginning of each article. To reuse any of the material, please contact JournalsPub (info@journalspub.com).

PUBLICATION MANAGEMENT TEAM

Chairman Mr. Puneet Mehrotra Managing Director, JournalsPub, New Delhi

INTERNAL MEMBERS

Associate Manager Hidam Renubala

Commissioning Editors Ankita Singh

Dr. Chhavi Goel

Deepika Bhadauria

Manisha Dhoble Rekha Rani

EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS Dr. Sutapa Das Department of Architecture, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, India

Dr. Suchandra Bardhan Department of Architecture, Jadavpur University, India

Dr. Krishna Kumar Dhote Department of Architecture and Planning, MANIT, Bhopal (M.P.), India

Dr. Sandeep Dua Department of Physical Planning & Architecture, Guru Nanak Dev University, Punjab, India

Dr. Prakash Vinayak Durge Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering & Tecnology Akola, India

Dr. Mohammed Sazzad Hossain Department of Architecture, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Dr. Mostafa Refat Ismail Department of Architecture Engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

Dr. Minakshi Jain Department of Architecture, National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (H.P), India

Dr. Adesoji David Jiboye Department of Architecture, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria

Dr. Mohammad Arif Kamal Department of Architecture, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India

Dr. Saikala Lakshminarayanan, Department of Architecture, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirapalli, TamilNadu, India

Farhan Mohammad Fazli, Aligarh Muslim University, A Central Government Institution, India

Dr. Amar Nath Nayak, Department of Civil Engineering, Veer Surendra Sai University of Technology, Odisha, India

Dr. Rajindra Kumar Pandit, Department of Architecture, Madhav Institute of Technology & Science, Gwalior, India

Dr. Nelly Shafik Ramzy Department of Architecture, Sinai University, Cairo, Egypt

Dr. Kailash M. Rao, Department of Architecture, Manipal University, India

Dr. Satyaki Sarkar, Department of Architecture, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, India

Dr. Debasis Sarkar Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, Ahmedabad, India

Dr. Dili A. S., TKM College of Engineering, Kollam Kerala, India

Dr. B. S. Bhooshan, BMS College of Engineering, Bangalore BSB Architects, Bangalore and Mysore, India

Dr. G. Viswanadha Kumar, Associate Professor Department of Architecture, A.U. College of Engineering, Visakhapatnam, India

Ar. Debashis Sanyal, Associate Professor, Department of Architecture, National Institute of Technology Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India

EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS Ms Sharmin Khan, Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, Z.H.C.E.T., AMU, Aligarh, India

Bhawna Shrivastava, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology Bhopal, India

Mr. Saptarshi Sanyal Assistant Professor of Architecture, School of Planning & Architecture, (SPA) New Delhi, India, India

From the Editor's Desk Dear Readers, We would like to present, with great pleasure, the inaugural volume of a new scholarly journal, International Journal of Architecture and Infrastructure Planning. This journal is part of the Architecture, and is devoted to the scope of present Architecture issues, from theoretical aspects to application-dependent studies and the validation of emerging technologies. This new journal was planned and established to represent the growing needs of Architecture as an emerging and increasingly vital field, now widely recognized as an integral part of scientific and technical investigations. Its mission is to become a voice of the Architectural community, addressing researchers and practitioners in this area. The core vision of International Journal of Architecture and Infrastructure Planning in Journals Pub is to propagate novel awareness and know-how for the profit of mankind ranging from the academic and professional research societies to industry practitioners in a range of topics in Architecture and Infrastructure Planning in general. Journals Pub acts as a pathfinder for the scientific community to published their papers at excellently, well-time & successfully. International Journal of Architecture and Infrastructure Planning focuses on original high-quality research in the realm of Building science and management Construction industry, Heritage studies and conservation, Contemporary architecture, Organic and Sustainable Architecture. The Journal is intended as a forum for practitioners and researchers to share the techniques of Architecture and Infrastructure Planning and solutions in the area. Many scientists and researchers have contributed to the creation and the success of the Architecture and Infrastructure planning community. We are very thankful to everybody within that community who supported the idea of creating an innovative platform. We are certain that this issue will be followed by many others, reporting new developments in the field of Architecture and Infrastructure Planning. This issue would not have been possible without the great support of the Editorial Board members, and we would like to express our sincere thanks to all of them. We would also like to express our gratitude to the editorial staff of JournalsPub, who supported us at every stage of the project. It is our hope that this fine collection of articles will be a valuable resource for Architectural readers and will stimulate further research into the vibrant area of Architecture and Infrastructure Planning. Puneet Mehrotra Managing Director

Contents 1. Critical Resilient Design Criteria in Construction of Natural Disaster-Resistant Buildings A.N. Sarkar

2. Contemporary Churches and Cathedrals in Egypt and Their Influence on Their Direct Neighborhoods Nelly Ramzy

3. Assessing Green Infrastructure Sustainability for Better Tomorrow Rupali Dev Roy

4. Urban Housing Affordability in India Deepika Goel

5. Editorial Note â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Green Infrastructure Boon for All Anukrati Dhawan

International Journal of Architecture and Infrastructure Planning eISSN: 2456-0154 Vol. 2: Issue 2

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Critical Resilient Design Criteria in Construction of Natural Disaster-Resistant Buildings A.N. Sarkar* Asia-Pacific Institute of Management, 3& 4 Institutional Areas, Jasola, Sarita Vihar, New Delhi, India

ABSTRACT Enhancing the resilience of buildings through mandatory requirements that increase robustness, durability, longevity, disaster resistance, and safety should be a priority for every jurisdiction interested in improving community continuity. Notwithstanding fulfilling least life security procurements, fusing improved flexibility into building configuration and development expands financial suitability, addresses societal issues, and helps groups to minimize negative ecological effects. While enhanced resiliency is beneficial to all communities, this is especially important in disaster prone areas. The paper attempts to review and address the various critical resilient design criteria associated with construction of Natural Disaster-resistant buildings in different parts of the world. Keywords: resilient design, natural disaster resistant buildings

RESILIENCE AND RESILIENT DESIGN: THE DEFINITION Resilience is the capacity to adapt to changing conditions and to maintain or regain functionality and vitality in the face of stress or disturbance. It is the capacity to bounce back after a disturbance or interruption of some sort. Resilience can be defined as the ability to recover from or adjust easily to misfortunate or change. For cities like Boston, which was settled over 350 years ago, a critical aspect is adapting existing buildings to improve resilience to natural hazards, particularly in light of pending climate change impacts. According to the Resilient Design Institute, resilient design is defined as “the intentional design of buildings, landscapes, communities and regions, in response to vulnerabilities to disaster and disruption of normal life”. As used by the Resilient Design Institute, resilient design focuses on practical, on-the-ground solutions. Relative to climate change, resilience

involves adaptation to the wide range of regional and localized impacts that are expected with a warming planet: more intense storms, greater precipitation, coastal and valley flooding, longer and more severe droughts in some areas, wildfires, melting permafrost, warmer temperatures, and power outages. Ever since Hurricane Sandy wrought havoc on the East Coast, ‘resilient design’ has been a hot topic of conversation – and not just amongst architects and designers, but politicians, engineers and city planners as well. In November 2012, ‘Resilient Design’ was a trending search term in Google, moving from near obscurity in the months before the devastating super storm to a popular catchphrase post-Sandy. Natural disasters like this, and more recently the typhoon that hit the Philippines in early November, serve to remind those of us in the green design community that while building with pure

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International Journal of Architecture and Infrastructure Planning eISSN: 2456-0154 Vol. 2: Issue 2

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Contemporary Churches and Cathedrals in Egypt and Their Influence on Their Direct Neighborhoods Nelly Ramzy* Department of Architectural Engineering, Sinai University, Egypt

ABSTRACT Churches and cathedrals in Europe had always played a leading rule in forming the urban fabric around them. They were the focal points, from which, not only the direct neighborhood, but rather the whole city, used to branch out and radiate. For Coptic churches and cathedrals this was not the case. Quite on the contrary, they were built in remote areas away from the urban density, and were meant to have modest look. In some cases, in order to hide them from the eye of the rabble, especially in the times of the ruthless persecution, they were built behind clusters of buildings, so that they become completely unseen from outside. In recent times, i.e. starting for the 19th century, which are comparatively more peaceful times for the Coptic Church, comparatively larger and richer cathedrals were built. Nevertheless, they were still hidden behind high fences. This study aims at studying the neighborhoods around some of the most important churches and cathedrals that had been built in Egypt during the 19-20th centuries. The main idea here is to address the question about the way they had influenced there direct neighborhoods and whether they had actually any influence on these neighborhoods. Keywords: cathedrals, church, influence, ornament

INTRODUCTION Churches and cathedrals in Europe had always been the focal points, from which the fabric of the whole city used to branch out and radiate. They were the highest buildings in the city and were to be seen from any point in the city. Churches and cathedrals in Egypt never had the chance to play such a role. They had never been built under the supervision or the protection of the rulers, as was the case in European churches, so that they were rarely built to be huge buildings or to have special locations in the city. Quite on the contrary they had always been the result of individual work of rich Copts or European missions and were always a target for robberies and attacks, so that they were rarely so lavished with expensive ornaments or eye-catching forms, especially from outside.

In this study a survey was made on seven different neighborhoods around major churches and cathedrals that had been built in Egypt in the 19â&#x20AC;&#x201C;20th centuries in the major cities in Egypt; namely Cairo and Alexandria. The aim of this survey is to try to measure and conclude the role of these churches as part of these neighborhoods, and whether they had any real influence upon their surroundings. In an attempt to achieve this objective, the study is concerned with surveying and analyzing the characters of the neighborhoods around these churches and cathedrals. It is based on an on-site survey that is accomplished by an analytical work.

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International Journal of Architecture and Infrastructure Planning eISSN: 2456-0154 Vol. 2: Issue 2

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Assessing Green Infrastructure Sustainability for Better Tomorrow Rupali Dev Roy* Department of Architect, AU-Ambedkar University, Agra, India

ABSTRACT As of late, as ecological issues progressively penetrate the urban talk, the more comprehensive term “maintainability” has turned into a watchword universally. Various examination structures, maintainability markers and rating apparatuses of changing adequacy have been created to gage the viability of manageability mediations. Urban nature is apparently one of the fundamental methodologies for planning and evaluating supportable urban improvement, strategy and administration. In spite of the fact that there are a few strategies to assess urban biological communities, a coordinated appraisal framework which addresses the scope of environment administrations important to augment maintainability results stays tricky. “Green” base, as particular from routine “dim” base, is a rising idea connected to regular and outlined biological systems and the administrations they give. While it is hard to have one all-inclusive definition for green framework, it is for the most part perceived as grasping all the normal, semi-regular and designed systems of multifunctional biological frameworks inside, around and between urban zones at all fleeting and spatial scales. This paper proposes a system and a calculated structure for assessing green framework execution, got at first from the writing and adjusted for the Australian setting by fusing the outcomes from a semi-organized meeting process including twenty one chose Australian specialists and analysts. This proposed structure joins three key subjects: biological community administrations, human wellbeing and prosperity and environment wellbeing. It gives a premise to deciding particular markers to portray the deliberate marvels apropos to green-based execution and serves as an establishment for a proposed pointerbased evaluation model in future studies. Keywords: conceptual framework, infrastructure, human health

ecosystem

INTRODUCTION Quick urbanization is a marvel that has been occurring all around the globe since the twentieth century. This condition forces a critical biological impression on the planet. It causes central changes in area utilize, the scene design and the biological community structure and capacity. A definitive results are scene discontinuity, biodiversity misfortune, the production of urban warmth islands and expanding

health,

ecosystem

services,

green

nursery gas discharges. There is additionally a lessening in human wellbeing and prosperity among other negative results, which when consolidated with the impacts of environmental change, has expanding impeding consequences for human life. Green framework has been distinguished as a greener option and less excessive reaction for tending to some of these negative outcomes and enhancing the manageability of urban improvement.

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International Journal of Architecture and Infrastructure Planning eISSN: 2456-0154 Vol. 2: Issue 2

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Urban Housing Affordability in India Deepika Goel* Department of architecture, Accurate Institute of Architecture And Planning, Greater Noida, India

ABSTRACT In India moderateness is a major issue on the off chance that we discuss, whether if there should be an occurrence of Housing, way of life and so forth. Urbanization driving issues for lower class and white collar class individuals to manage the cost of Housing in this day and age. Indeed, even Government put venture forward by different ways like as of late propelled “Housing for the sum total of what system has been started under Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY) Implementation stage (2015–2022).” Poor people groups are focused on for the most part regarding reasonableness. Keywords: affordability, upper and middle class families, urban housing

INTRODUCTION Housing by and large alludes to the social issue of safeguarding that individuals from society have a home to live in, whether this is a house, or some other sort of staying, hotel, or sanctuary. The expression “house” in India covers the best differences of homes. Housing additionally speaks to an essential component in all capital arrangement and the biggest single segment in the aggregate building exertion of any country. From a sociological perspective, Housing has a noteworthy part to play in guaranteeing coherence of group life. Any Indian urbanite can bear witness to this reality that ghettos and shantytowns ordinarily have one room in which the whole family eats, rests and does everything in the middle. A normal 400sq. ft abiding unit[1–3] would contain a group of normal five, in-laws, and going to cousins from the town who might rest under the bed or presumably outside. In this way, the configuration model for reasonable Housing has been to pack a

home into a multipurpose room with one room alongside individual latrine and a kitchen. Housing for all and Affordable Housing is government's new linguistic structure. The Ministry of Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation Government of India (GoI), The service has discharge with a Model Affordable Housing Policy in light of the contributions from every single real state playing out their bit to contribute and empathizing the Housing stock particularly for Lower and Economically weaker areas of the general public. The same was to be supported by State(s) looking for monetary help under Rajiv Awas Yojana (RAY) as first discretionary urban change, however most did not for a few or the other reason. The Program has been shut and another project “Housing for All” has been presented set up of Rajiv Awas Yojana, Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY) has supplanted. The point of this strategy is to make an empowering domain for giving “moderate Housing for all” with uncommon accentuation on EWS and LIG

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International Journal of Architecture and Infrastructure Planning eISSN: 2456-0154 Vol. 2: Issue 2

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Editorial Note – Green Infrastructure Boon for All Anukrati Dhawan Department of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, India

The part of green foundation (GI) in tending to the difficulties of the 21st century cannot be thought little of. We characterize GI as the system of characteristic and semi-common elements, green spaces, streams and lakes that blend and associate towns, towns and urban communities. It is a characteristic, administration giving framework that is frequently more savvy, stronger and more equipped for meeting social, ecological and financial destinations than “dim” foundation. We have seen a groundswell of backing for GI since the production of our 2009 Position Statement. As the undertakings in this production illustrate, scene experts are seeing among their customers a developing craving for GI. Besides, there is expanding approach support for it, for instance in the administration's National Planning Policy Framework and Natural Environment White Paper, the second National Planning Framework in Scotland and Planning Policy Wales.

The National Ecosystem Assessment has given a confirmation base to the various benefits that GI can convey and our 2011

Local Green Infrastructure production, which was intended to help groups benefit as much as possible from their scene, has demonstrated massively well-known and compelling. Expanding acknowledgment, in any case, should be coordinated with subsidizing, and a way to deal with scene that empowers GI to prosper. In 2009, we pushed the utilization of GI in handling a scope of basic issues – from general wellbeing and prosperity to social attachment, sustenance and vitality security, carbon sequestration and environmental change relief and adjustment. These issues are currently more intense than any time in recent memory and a GI way to deal with the arranging, configuration and administration of our restricted area asset is critical. This new release of the Position Statement is a chance to showcase a scope of fruitful vital GI work and finished undertakings. The point is to give open and private segment bodies, customers and characteristic and fabricated environment experts crisp bits of knowledge into the advantages GI can bring by making multifunctional scenes and show how individuals can team up to convey it. It is additionally an opportunity to take supply of noteworthy arranging change over the UK. The radical movement from territorial wanting to the localism motivation in England, and the loss of point based arranging approach explanations for single, overall direction, has changed the connection for GI conveyance. The scene calling, with its demonstrated reputation of conveying GI at different scales, is in a perfect world suited to lead on this. Be that

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Office No-4, 1 Floor, CSC, Pocket-E, Mayur Vihar, Phase-2, New Delhi-110091, India E-mail: info@journalspub.com

le m c i b t r Su A Applied Mechanics r International Journal of Electro Mechanics and u Mechanical Behaviour International Journal of Machine Design and Yo

Mechanical Engineering

¬ International Journal of Thermal Energy and

¬ International Journal of Production Engineering ¬ International Journal of Industrial Engineering

« « «

Applications

Manufacturing International Journal of Mechanical Dynamics and Analysis International Journal of Fracture and damage Mechanics International Journal of Structural Mechanics and Finite Elements

and Design ¬ International Journal of Manufacturing and

Materials Processing ¬ International Journal of Mechanical Handling and

Automation 5 more...

Electronics and Telecommunication « International Journal of Radio Frequency Design « International Journal of VLSI Design and Technology « International Journal of Embedded Systems and Emerging

Technologies « International Journal of Digital Electronics « International Journal of Digital Communication and Analog

Chemical Engineering « International Journal of Renewable Energy and its

Commercialization « International Journal of Environmental Chemistry « International Journal of Agrochemistry « International Journal of Prevention and Control of Industrial

Pollution

5 more...

Signals

Civil Engineering

« International Journal of Housing and Human Settlement

Planning « International Journal of Architecture and Infrastructure

Planning « International Journal of Rural and Regional Planning

« « « «

Development

« International Journal of Town Planning and Management

2 more...

Electrical Engineering

« « « «

Nursing « « « « «

Architecture and Infrastructure Planning Jul–Dec 2016

IJAIP

Material Sciences and Engineering

« « « «

5 more...

Biotechnology « International Journal of Industrial Biotechnology and « « « «

International Journal of

1 more...

Architecture

« « « « «

eISSN: 2456-0154

Nanotechnology « International Journal of Applied Nanotechnology « International Journal of Nanomaterials and Nanostructures « International Journals of Nanobiotechnology

Chemistry

Physics « International Journal of Solid State Materials « International Journal of Optical Sciences