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International Journal of Housing and Human Settlement Planning

International Journal of Housing and Human Settlement Planning is an architectural journal that covers a wide range of topics including sustainable cities, island developing states, real estate settlement issues, building material technology and other field that are related to architectural issues in housing and settlement planning.

Focus and Scope of the Journal ! Housing development, national housing policies ! Housing design, building materials and technology ! Real estate planning design and development ! Non-formal housing development and slums ! Housing for disaster affected areas ! Management problems by the metropolitan, municipal and district assemblies. ! Human settlement environmental issues ! Sustainable cities ! Integrated planning and management ! Small island developing states

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Chairman Mr. Puneet Mehrotra Managing Director, JournalsPub, New Delhi

INTERNAL MEMBERS

Associate Manager Hidam Renubala

Commissioning Editors Ankita Singh

Priyanka Garg

Akanksha Marwah

Chhavi Goel

Deepika Bhadauria

Shrawani Verma

EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS Dr. Adesoji David Jiboye Department of Architecture, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, Nigeria

Leyli Hashemi Islamic Republic of Iran

Mahua Mukherjee IIT Roorkee, INDIA

Dr. Mohammad Arif Kamal Dept. of Architecture Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh, India

Dr Sutapa Das Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, India

Ms kerstin Frick Hindustan University, India

Dr Krishna Kumar Dhote Professor, Department of Architecture and Planning, MANIT, Bhopal (M.P.), India

Mrs. Fathima Samana S. Acharya's School of Architecture, India

Dr M. V. Molykutty B.S.Abdur Rahman University, India

Dr. Ashwani Kumar Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, India

Dr. Sandeep Dua Guru Nanak Dev University, India

Dr. Siva Sundari Annamalai University, India

Joko Adianto Kampus Baru UI Depok, West Java, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas, Indonesia

Dr. Krishna Kumar Dhote Department of Architecture and Planning, MANIT, Bhopal (M.P.), India

Bhawna Shrivastava Department Of Architecture and Planning, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology Bhopal, India

Dr. G. Viswanadha Kumar Associate Professor Department of Architecture, A.U. College of Engineering (A), Visakhapatnam, India

Debashis Sanyal Associate Professor National Institute of Technology Raipur, India

Ms Sharmin Khan Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, Z.H.C.E.T., AMU, Aligarh, India

Nishant Nathani Assistant proffesor, Department of Architecture & Planning,Amity University Haryana, India

From the Editor's Desk Dear Readers, We would like to present, with great pleasure, the inaugural volume of a new scholarly journal, International Journal of Housing and Human Settlement Planning. This journal is part of the Applied Sciences, and is devoted to the scope of present Housing and Human Settlement Planning issues, from theoretical aspects to application-dependent studies and the validation of emerging technologies. This new journal was planned and established to represent the growing needs of Plant Biotechnology as an emerging and increasingly vital field, now widely recognized as an integral part of scientific and technical investigations. Its mission is to become a voice of the Architectural community, addressing researchers and practitioners in this area. The core vision of International Journal of Housing and Human Settlement Planning in Journals Pub is to propagate novel awareness and know-how for the profit of mankind ranging from the academic and professional research societies to industry practitioners in a range of topics in Housing and Human Settlement Planning in general. Journals Pub acts as a pathfinder for the scientific community to published their papers at excellently, well-time & successfully. International Journal of Housing and Human Settlement Planning focuses on original high-quality research in the realm of Housing development, national housing policies, Housing design, building materials and technology, Real estate planning design and development, Non-formal housing development and slums, Housing for disaster affected areas etc. The Journal is intended as a forum for practitioners and researchers to share the techniques of Housing and Human Settlement Planning and solutions in the area. Many scientists and researchers have contributed to the creation and the success of the Housing and Human Settlement Planning community. We are very thankful to everybody within that community who supported the idea of creating an innovative platform. We are certain that this issue will be followed by many others, reporting new developments in the field of Housing and Human Settlement Planning. This issue would not have been possible without the great support of the Editorial Board members, and we would like to express our sincere thanks to all of them. We would also like to express our gratitude to the editorial staff of JournalsPub, who supported us at every stage of the project. It is our hope that this fine collection of articles will be a valuable resource for Architectural readers and will stimulate further research into the vibrant area of Housing and Human Settlement Planning. Puneet Mehrotra Managing Director

Contents 1. Need of Modular Coordination and Standardization in Design and Construction of Urban Mass Housing in India Debashis Sanyal, Ravi Kumar Bhargava

2. Study on the Tribes of Chhattisgarh â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Housing Settlements of the Korwa Tribe Abhinav Jaiswal

3. Review Insight: Hits of Urbanization on Open Area, Upbringing and Environment in India Ankita Singh

4. Short Communication: Integration in Building Design Sharmin Khan

5. Global Business Models and Future Development Perspectives of Aerotropolis A.N. Sarkar

International Journal of Housing and Human Settlement Planning ISSN: 2455-8516 (online) Vol. 2: Issue 1

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Need of Modular Coordination and Standardization in Design and Construction of Urban Mass Housing in India Debashis Sanyal1*, Ravi Kumar Bhargava2 1

Department of Architecture, National Institute of Technology Raipur, Raipur, India 2 Building Sciences, HITS, Hindustan University, Chennai, India

Abstract This paper aims to point out the various aspects of modular coordination and standardization in building methodologies suitable for Indian urban mass housing by highlighting the advantages achieved by their adoption in Indian context. In mass housing, the major building components are the foundation, walling, doors, windows, floors and roofing. These components can be individually sized, analyzed and suitably matched for ease/speed of construction and cost saving. These modular system and standardized approaches are also necessary for obvious advantages of their repetitive mass production facilities. Keywords: prefab, housing, low cost, modular, system building

INTRODUCTION In this research modular coordination and Standardization in planning/designing concepts are discussed which necessary for adoption of industrialization in mass are housing. As the process of design fully depends upon them, they are of prime importance. It must be emphasized that industrialization should start right from the inception of designs, and not as an afterthought process. This will ensure maximum economy and speed of construction. Further, wastage losses can be checked which happens due to mismatching of various building components. MODULAR COORDINATION In order to increase pace of construction new systems such as precasting and prefabrication has been introduced in the recent past. Majority of building components are produced in factories, which are delivered to the site in a finished/ semi finished state. At times it becomes inconvenient to reshape the factory produced components to match the

dimensions and tolerances of the space left for installation of the component. These dimensions can be achieved with greater degree of accuracy of adoption of modular coordination concept. Modular coordination is the basis for the standardization and mass production of modular components which are prerequisites for the industrialization of mass housing. The purpose of modular coordination is to coordinate the dimensions of all building components, within themselves; as well as with the dimensions of the building to be constructed in the near future. This technique may be expected to play a decisive role in the Indian construction industry. Simple examples are:1. Indian Plywood industry seldom follows door/window sizes prevalent in India and results in wastage of plywood.

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International Journal of Housing and Human Settlement Planning ISSN: 2455-8516 (online) Vol. 2: Issue 1

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Study on the Tribes of Chhattisgarh – Housing Settlements of the Korwa Tribe Abhinav Jaiswal* National Institute of Technology Raipur, Raipur, India

Abstract With a large number of indigenous people, India is a home to people with varied cultures speaking different languages. The ‘Adivasi’s’ with a population of about 84.4 million are the poorest in the country. With their own culture, traditions and language, the tribes of India are yet to be touched by the lifestyle and technologies of the modern world. Among the large variety of Indian tribes, the Korwas are one of the oldest indigenous tribes. Their roots and settlements are mainly found in Chhattisgarh. With their own unique culture and practices, the Korwas are known for their traditional settlements, homes and lifestyle. The aim of this paper is to understand the lifestyles of the Korwa tribes of Chhattisgarh and study various aspects of their housing patterns. It will be as a reference and a working step towards improving their living and condition in the present times. Keywords: housing, socio-culture, tribal, vernacular architecture

CHHATTISGARH Chhattisgarh – The Indian state known for its tribal population, containing 31.8 percent of its population as tribal population. The Bastar is the core heart of the tribal population, and other areas include Raigarh, Jashpur, Surguja, Koriya, Balrampur, Korba, Kanker, Dhamtari, Janjgir-Champa, Bilaspur, Mungeli, Kabirdham, Mahasamund districts. The schedule tribes live mostly in hills and dense forest area, which are not easily accessible. These people possess their own culture, way of life, source of livelihood, religious beliefs, which are quite different from other sections of the Indian communities. 

Geography: Present Chhattisgarh came into existence on 1st Nov 2000 after extracted from Madhya Pradesh.



Climate: The tropic of cancer passes through Chhattisgarh. Hence the northern part gets warmer after 2nd

march. During this time the temperatures in southern districts remain high. It is a region of high rainfall. Lifestyle Tribes of Chhattisgarh are unique in their lifestyles and have beautifully retained their own culture and traditions for centuries. The tribal women love to wear ornaments made of cowries, shells, bones, mixed metals, copper and bronze. The livelihoods of thousands of tribal people depend on the forest, river or farming of crops and goat. Raut Nacha is a famous and traditional folk dance of cowherd. Some of the other prominent dance forms are Panthi, Karma, Pandwani and Soowa.

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International Journal of Housing and Human Settlement Planning ISSN: 2455-8516 (online) Vol. 2: Issue 1

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Review Insight: Hits of Urbanization on Open Area, Upbringing and Environment in India Ankita Singh* Department of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, India

Abstract In the coming century the development of the cities into the rural–urban edging are direct and indirect impacts with those who living there facing new problems and ethics in meeting their life needs and accommodating the concomitant of urbanization. As India is the most populated country urbanization provide entertainment, employment, shopping, and a generally higher standard of living. The flow under which urban population growth in developing countries is going on, it is a direct indicator of the degree of spatial concentration of people, commerce, industries, vehicles, energy consumption, water use, waste-product, and other environmental stresses. Basically, various countries seek to generate increasing economic value for development which leads to worsen such problems which may increase the preventive and solution capacity of the government. India covers 21.34% land area which is reducing day by day due to urbanization which directly exploiting human era, environment, land, etc. Keywords: economic, industrialization, urbanization

INTRODUCTION Urbanization is the increasing number of people that live in urban areas. Urbanization is closely related to modernization, industrialization, and the sociological process of rationalization. It actually results in the physical growth of urban areas, be it up or down. Urbanization can describe a unique condition at a set time, i.e., the proportion of total population or area in cities or towns, or the term that can describe the increase of this proportion over time. So, the term urbanization can relate the level of urban development relative to overall population, or it can represent the rate at which the urban proportion is increasing.[1]

Urbanization is taking place at a faster rate in India. Population residing in urban areas in India, according to 1901 census, was 11.4%. The census of India, 2011 defines urban settlement as – all the places which have municipality, corporation, cantonment board or notified town area committee, all the other places which satisfy following points: (i) A minimum population of 5000 persons (ii) At least 75% of male main working population engaged in non-agricultural pursuits (iii)A density of population of at least 400 persons per square kilometer

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International Journal of Housing and Human Settlement Planning ISSN: 2455-8516 (online) Vol. 2: Issue 1

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Short Communication: Integration in Building Design Sharmin Khan

Integration means bringing together people or things of different nature. These combine to form a larger system after uniting together. This system consists of components that differ in nature, but at the same time it is enriched with the qualities of variety. Integration is the key to success of any programme; especially when we talk about building design. Any building project comprises of design and construction processes. The owner of project is the Client who brings together many important resources like land and finance, for the realization of the project. An intelligent owner should consider integration for his project, at the initial stage. The Client either approaches the Designer/Architect or any PMC (Project Management Consultant) for the execution of his project. A team should be formed at the very initial stage of project, comprising of the Client, the Architect, the Project Manager, the Consultants and the Contractor. Currently, the building design and construction does not integrate all these team members in the building activity at an early stage, which results in project delays, rework, redesigning and sometimes ends up in lawsuits. The barriers to the process of integration at an early stage of project can be summarised as; the unwillingness of Client or Designer to incorporate the Contractors, the traditional system of inviting

Contractors after design is finalized and BOQ prepared, or the charges that are applicable for service providers, which initiate when they are involved in the building project. On the contrary, there are numerous benefits of team integration at initial stage before the design process starts, at the conceptual design stage. The team should comprise of participants from different fields of specialization, and variety of experiences. Their inputs and suggestions at conceptual design stage can help in concluding at resolved design concepts and planning. The inputs can be beneficial and can cover the important aspects like: simplification of technical specifications, better understanding of site constraints in context with the ease of construction on site, selection of efficient construction methods and equipment, accessibility study of site, selection of locally available building materials, methods, construction techniques and workmanship available. Further, the incorporation of all team members can also help in selection of appropriate building materials having less embodied energy. The benefits of integration are still not fully realized in the construction industry, which is also a major constraint in its adoption. The integration of team members at initial stage of design can lead to better coordination and successful project execution and management.

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International Journal of Housing and Human Settlement Planning ISSN: 2455-8516 (online) Vol. 2: Issue 1

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Global Business Models and Future Development Perspectives of Aerotropolis A.N. Sarkar* Asia-Pacific Institute ofManagement, 3 & 4 Institutional Areas, Jasola, Sarita Vihar, New Delhi, India

Abstract An aerotropolis is a new type of urban form comprising aviation-intensive businesses and related enterprises extending up to 25 km outward from the major airports. It is similar in form and function to a traditional metropolis, which contains a central city core and its commuter-linked suburbs, surrounded by clusters of aviation-related enterprises. Aerotropolises are powerful engines of local economic development, attracting air-commerce linked businesses to the land surrounding major airports, analogous to the function of central business districts in the downtown areas of major cities. Aerotropolises typically attract industries related to time-sensitive manufacturing, e-commerce fulfillment, telecommunications and logistics; hotels, retail outlets, entertainment complexes and exhibition centers; and offices for business people who travel frequently by air or engage in global commerce. Clusters of business parks, logistics parks, industrial parks, distribution centres, information technology complexes and wholesale merchandise marts located around the airport and along the transportation corridors radiating from them. An aerotropolis can also be viewed as a metropolitan sub-region whose infrastructure, land-use, and economy are centered on an airport. Similar in shape to the traditional metropolis made up of a central city commercial core and its outlying commuter-linked suburbs, the aerotropolis consists of a multimodal airport-based commercial core (Airport City) and outlying corridors and clusters of aviation-linked businesses and associated residential developments that feed off of each other and their accessibility to the airport. The paper reviews the scope and the performances of aerotropolises currently being developed as global business models in different parts of the world that are emerging as a major powerful business enterprise. Keywords: aerotropolis, future development perspectives, global business models

AEROTROPOLIS: THE BUSINESS CONCEPT Airports have evolved as drivers of business location and urban development in the 21st century in the same way as did highways in the 20th century, railroads in the 19th century and seaports in the 18th century, according to Dr. John D. Kasrada, the American academic who defined the aerotropolis concept in 2000–2001.[1,2] As the global economy expands and the balance of spending power shifts, the

airport’s economic role keeps changing with time and space. Around the world passenger terminals are morphing into luxury shopping malls and gallerias featuring brand-name boutiques and specialty retail; gourmet dining restaurants with regional cuisine; entertainment venues complete with live music, art and cultural attractions; as well as centers for knowledge exchange and booming business. Concierge-staffed business lounges and trade facilities are also

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« « « «

¬ ¬ International Journal of Industrial Engineering

Manufacturing International Journal of Mechanical Dynamics and Analysis International Journal of Fracture and damage Mechanics International Journal of Structural Mechanics and Finite Elements

and Design ¬ International Journal of Manufacturing and

Materials Processing ¬ International Journal of Mechanical Handling and

Automation 5 more...

Electronics and Telecommunication « International Journal of Radio Frequency Design « International Journal of VLSI Design and Technology « International Journal of Embedded Systems and Emerging

Technologies « International Journal of Digital Electronics « International Journal of Digital Communication and Analog

Commercialization

Pollution 1 more...

Civil Engineering

Planning « International Journal of Architecture and Infrastructure

Planning « International Journal of Rural and Regional Planning

« « « «

Development

« International Journal of Town Planning and Management

2 more...

Electrical Engineering

Nursing « « « « «

Material Sciences and Engineering

« « « «

5 more...

Biotechnology « International Journal of Industrial Biotechnology and « « « «

IJHHSP

« International Journal of Environmental Chemistry « International Journal of Agrochemistry « International Journal of Prevention and Control of Industrial

Architecture « International Journal of Housing and Human Settlement

« « « « «

International Journal of Housing and Human Settlement Planning Jan–June 2016

Chemical Engineering « International Journal of Renewable Energy and its

5 more...

Signals

e-ISSN: 2455-8516

Nanotechnology « International Journal of Applied Nanotechnology « International Journal of Nanomaterials and Nanostructures « International Journals of Nanobiotechnology

Chemistry

Physics « International Journal of Solid State Materials « International Journal of Optical Sciences