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International Journal of Neurological Nursing

International Journal of Neurological Nursing publishes refereed papers in highest quality reflecting the interest of scholars in the academic and clinical research and development in the area of neurological nursing care. It contains original articles on advances in neurosurgical and neurological techniques affecting nursing care, theory and research. The journal also covers all major areas related to Neuropsychiatry, Neurorehabilitation and the following areas:

Focus and Scope of the Journal ! Neurological and Neurosurgical Techniques ! Neurological Disorders ! Neuropsychiatry ! Neuromuscular Medicine and Rehabilitation ! Disorders of Nervous System ! Neurodevelopment Disabilities ! Interventional Neurology ! Neurological Enhancements ! Psychopharmacology ! PsychoNeuroImmunology ! Developmental NeuroRehabilitation

International Journal of Neurological Nursing is published twice a year (bi-annual) by JournalsPub an imprint of Dhruv Infosystems Pvt. Ltd., India. The outlooks stated in the articles do not essentially reflect of the publisher. The publisher does not endorse the quality or value of the advertised/sponsored products described therein. Please consult full prescribing information before issuing a prescription for any products mentioned in this publication. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in retrieval or transmitted in any form without written permission to the publisher. To cite any of the material contained in this journal, in English or translation, please use the full English reference at the beginning of each article. To reuse any of the material, please contact JournalsPub (info@journalspub.com).

PUBLICATION MANAGEMENT TEAM

Chairman Mr. Puneet Mehrotra Managing Director, JournalsPub, New Delhi

INTERNAL MEMBERS

Associate Manager Hidam Renubala

Commissioning Editors Ankita Singh

Priyanka Garg

Akanksha Marwah

Chhavi Goel

Deepika Bhadauria

Shrawani Verma

EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS Dr. Sukhpal Kaur National Institute of Nursing Education, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India.

Dr. Ubahara Sahauaraj NIMHANS, Bangalore, India.

Dr. Gowrishankar Potturi Allianze College of Medical sciences, Malaysia.

Dr. E. Sinu Kasturba Medical College Manipal University, Manipal, India.

Dhanpal H.N. Smt. Nagarathnamma College of Nursing, Karnataka, India.

Mr. Rathish Nair College of Nursing, AIIMS, Bihar, India.

Siva Jeya Anand. T Chitra College of Nursing, Kerala, India.

Dr. Arnel Banaga Salgado RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, United Arab Emirates

Ms Nirmallya Chatterjee B M Birla College of Nursing, Kolkata, India.

K. Priscilla Matha College of Nursing, Tamil Nadu, India

From the Editor's Desk Dear Readers, We would like to present, with great pleasure, the Second Volume of a new scholarly journal, International Journal of Neurological Nursing. This journal is part of the Applied Sciences, and is devoted to the scope of present nursing issues, from theoretical aspects to application-dependent studies and the validation of emerging technologies. This new journal was planned and established to represent the growing needs of Neurological Nursing as an emerging and increasingly vital field, now widely recognized as an integral part of scientific and technical investigations. Its mission is to become a voice of the Nursing Science community, addressing researchers and practitioners in this area. The core vision of International journal of Neurological Nursing in JournalsPub is to propagate novel awareness and know-how for the profit of mankind ranging from the academic and professional research societies to industry practitioners in a range of topics in Plant Nursing in general. JournalsPub acts as a pathfinder for the scientific community to published their papers at excellently, well-time & successfully. International Journal of Neurological Nursing focuses on original high-quality research in the realm of Neurological and Neurosurgical Techniques, Neurological Disorders, Neuropsychiatry, Neuromuscular Medicine and Rehabilitation, Interventional Neurology,

Disorders of Nervous System,

Neurological Enhancements,

Neurodevelopment Disabilities,

Psychopharmacology,

PsychoNeuro

Immunology, Developmental NeuroRehabilitation. The Journal is intended as a forum for practitioners and researchers to share the techniques of Nursing and solutions in the area. Many scientists and researchers have contributed to the creation and the success of the Nursing community. We are very thankful to everybody within that community who supported the idea of creating an innovative platform. We are certain that this issue will be followed by many others, reporting new developments in the field of Nursing. This issue would not have been possible without the great support of the Editorial Board members, and we would like to express our sincere thanks to all of them. We would also like to express our gratitude to the editorial staff of JournalsPub, who supported us at every stage of the project. It is our hope that this fine collection of articles will be a valuable resource for Nursing readers and will stimulate further research into the vibrant area of Nursing. Puneet Mehrotra Managing Director

Contents 1. A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Parents Knowledge about the Home Care Management of Children with Autism Disorder in Carunnai Special School, Puducherry E. Nathiya, A.R. Bharathy, S. Prabavathy

2. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Anilkumar B. Jarali

3. Asperger's Syndrome Paritosh Anand

4. Parkinson's Disease Neha Gowarikar

5. Bipolar Disorder Ashutosh Sharma

International Journal of Neurological Nursing Vol. 2: Issue 1

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A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Parents Knowledge about the Home Care Management of Children with Autism Disorder in Carunnai Special School, Puducherry E. Nathiya, A.R. Bharathy, S. Prabavathy* Kasturba Gandhi Nursing College, Pondicherry, India

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on level of knowledge among parents on home care management of children with autism disorder. The result reveals that the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on home care management of autism among parents of autistic children in the pretest mean level of knowledge were 11.40 and the standard deviation were SD is 3.241. Comparatively the posttest mean values were 25.78 and the standard deviation was 2.557, finally the mean difference was calculated the value was 39. Keywords: assess, autism, effectiveness, home care management, structured teaching programme

INTRODUCTION Birthing is the most divine initiation to spiritually a woman can have. Birth of a child is a special gift of every parent. Irrespective of the sex of the child, each parent wants his or her child to be physically and developmentally perfect. Developmental disorders are occurred due to the non-progressive neuro-development which includes disorder of speech and language. Autism is a chronic and organic non-progressive neuro-developmetal disorder with a unique triad of impairment in socialization, communication and behavior. It is characterized by a withdrawal of the child into the self and into a fantasy world of his or her own creation. The prevalence of autism spectrum disorders is about 1 in 150 children’s. It occurs four to five times more often in boys than in girls. Onsets of the disorders occur before age 3, and in

most cases it runs a chronic course, with symptoms persisting into adulthood.[1,2] NEED FOR THE STUDY Autism children require intensive and highly structured special education from as early as the child is able to tolerate a school routine. Given the challenges involved in teaching, children with autism, a classroom setting with a minimal student to teacher ratio is usually essential. For the more impaired children, a typical hierarchy of priorities should include the ability to (1) Tolerate individual adult guidance in performing tasks (2) Consistently follow a daily routine (3) Develop communication intent and communication means 1. .

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Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Anilkumar B. Jarali* Department of Mental Health Nursing, Manikaka Topawala Institute of Nursing, CHARUSAT Campus, Gujarat, India

Abstract

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig's disease, is a disease that advances progressively. It is a neurological illness that is incurable and could prove to be fatal in most of the cases. In this the nerve cells that control the voluntary muscles are attacked. It’s a disease that is characterized as one of a motor neuron disease and is responsible for gradual degradation of motor neurons. Keywords: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Lou Gehrig's disease, neurodegenerative disease

INTRODUCTION ALS, or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, is a rapidly progressing neurodegenerative disease that attacks the nerve cells of the brain and the spinal cord. A-myo-trophic originates from the Greek dialect. "A" means no. "Myo" means muscle, and "Trophic" means nutrition. Hence, the complete term signifies "No muscle sustenance or nourishment." When a muscle gets no nutrition, it "decays" or squanders away. "Lateral" recognizes the zones in a man's spinal cord where sections of the nerve cells that signal and control the muscles are present. As this portion deteriorates, it results in scarring or "sclerosis" in the region.[1] Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), otherwise called Lou Gehrig's disease, is a rapid degeneration of nerve cells that control muscle movements. This disease is one of the most common motor neuron disease among adults. It has also been named as Lou Gehrig's disease after Gehrig's career ended as a baseman in 1939 due to this condition. Around 30,000 patients in this nation have the disease and around 5,000 are detected with it every year.[2]

INCIDENCE AND PREVALENCE  The occurrence of ALS in United States and most European nation ranges from 1.5-2.5 ALS cases every year. [2,3]  Internationally, the occurrence rate for ALS or motor neuron disease (MND) reaches from 0.86 to 2.5/100,000/year.  ALS normally occurs between the ages of 40 and 60 years, however there are chances of others developing the disease as well. Men are around oneand-a-half times more inclined to have the disease than ladies. In many of the cases, it occurs sporadically with no family history at all.  There are two types of ALS: sporadic (randomly occurring) and familial.  Sporadic is the most widely recognized type of the ailment, which can affect any one. In the U.S., almost 90 – 95% of all cases are sporadic in nature.  Familial ALS (FALS) represents 5 to 10 percent of all cases in the U.S. Familial ALS mean the disease has been inherited. In those families, there

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Asperger’s Syndrome Paritosh Anand* Department of Mental Health Nursing, Manipal College of Nursing, Karnataka, India

Abstract Asperger’s syndrome is a neurobiological disorder. It is now considered as a part of the wider groupof autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The other disorders included in this category share almost the same signs and symptoms for the respective diseases. Asperger’s syndrome is considered as a high-functioning form of ASD. Every individual suffers from mild to moderate or intense type of symptoms associated to this disease. Keywords: Asperger’s syndrome, autism spectrum disorder, neurobiological disorder

INTRODUCTION Asperger’s syndrome is a neurological disorder, that is included in the wider group of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD).[1,2] ASD is a group of neurological disorders, with most of the disorders in the group having similar signs and symptoms. This disorder can normally be detected early during the childhood. The symptoms usually last throughout the lifetime of the individual.[3-6] This disorder has been named after an Austrian pediatrician, Hans Asperger, who described it in children who couldn’t interact socially.[7] This disease has affected many people. In the US alone, more than 700,000 people suffer from one or the other form of autism. According to different studies, it has already been established that the incidence of this disease isn’t affected by culture, religion.[4,6] SYMPTOMS Asperger’s Syndrome can be characterized with the help of various symptoms, such as:  Lack of social interaction: Individuals affected with this disease lack the capability of interacting in a social atmosphere.[4] They cannot converse in



a confident manner, avoid eye-contact with people, are normally unable to understand other people’s feelings and intentions. Their body posture also changes.[5] They normally indulge in restricted and repetitive behavior. Such individuals usually involve themselves with a task, which they keep on repeating at a length. They are unable to cope in a better way if there’s a change in their routine.[8] Language and Speech: They have an extensive vocabulary. They have an atypical form of speech. They literally interpret any sentences and cannot differentiate between sarcastic comments of other people. They are unable to use or understand figurative for of language. Their speech may be abnormally loud, and fast.[4,5] Motor Perception: They have a delayed motor development. They usually tend to be late learners in small tasks, such as catching a ball, riding a bicycle, opening jars, etc. They also suffer from

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International Journal of Neurological Nursing Vol. 2: Issue 1

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Parkinson’s Disease Neha Gowarikar* College of Nursing, Jamia Hamdard, Delhi, India

Abstract Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurological disorder, in which its signs and symptoms intensify after some time. Almost one million individuals in the US are living with Parkinson's illness. The cause is obscure, and in spite of the fact that there is quickly no cure, there are treatment alternatives, for example, solution and surgery to deal with its side effects. Parkinson's includes the malfunction and death of key nerve cells in the cerebrum, called neurons. Parkinson's basically influences neurons in a region of the mind called the substantia nigra. Some of these withering neurons produce dopamine, a chemical that sends messages to the part of the cerebrum that controls development and coordination. As PD advances, the measure of dopamine delivered in the cerebrum diminishes, leaving a man not able to control development ordinarily. Keywords: neurological disorder, Parkinson’s disease

INTRODUCTION Parkinson's disease (PD) is a degenerative issue of the nervous system for the most part influencing the motor nervous system. Right on time throughout the ailment, the most clear side effects are development related; these incorporate shaking, unbending nature, gradualness of development and trouble with strolling and stride.[1] Later, thinking and behavioral issues may emerge, with dementia generally happening in the propelled phases of the malady, and melancholy being the most widely recognized psychiatric indication. Different side effects incorporate tangible, rest, and enthusiastic issues. The primary motor side effects are on the whole called "parkinsonism", or a "parkinsonian disorder".[2]

The illness can be either essential or optional. Essential Parkinson's infection has no known cause, albeit some atypical cases have a hereditary inception. Auxiliary parkinsonism is because of known causes like poisons. Numerous dangers and defensive elements have been researched: the clearest confirmation is for an expanded danger in individuals presented to specific pesticides and a decreased danger in tobacco smokers. The motor side effects of the ailment result from the death of cells in the substantia nigra, a locale of the midbrain. [3]

This outcome is in insufficient dopamine in these ranges. The purpose behind the

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Bipolar Disorder Ashutosh Sharma* Department of Mental Health Nursing, Smt. Nagarathnamma college of Nursing, Bangalore, India

Abstract Bipolar disorder, with its varying and extreme emotional mood swings ranging from misery to madness, used to be called hyper depressive disorder. Bipolar disorder is intense and can bring about dangerous behaviors, even suicidal tendencies, and can be treated with treatment and timely medication. There are four different types of bipolar disorders. It is also difficult to diagnose. Left untreated, bipolar disorder tends to worsen. The disorder will show more frequent and severe episodes over time. If bipolar disorder is treated it is possible to lead a healthy and productive life. Keywords: bipolar disorder, neurological disorder

INTRODUCTION Bipolar disorder, previously also known as manic depression, is a mental issue with periods of sadness and depression to times of lifted mood.[1][2] Extreme mood swings is critical and is known as lunacy or hypomania, contingent upon its seriousness, or whether indications of psychosis are available. Amid craziness an individual acts or feels strangely lively, upbeat or irritable. Individuals regularly settle on foolish choices with little respect to the results. The requirement for rest is normally lessened amid hyper phases. During times of gloom they might cry, a negative point of view, and poor eye contact with others. The danger of suicide among those with the disease is high at more noteworthy than 6 percent more than 20 years, while self-hurt happens in 30-40 percent.[3] Other psychological wellness issues, for example, nervousness issue and substance use issue are usually associated.[4] The causes are not obviously saw, but rather both natural and hereditary variables

play a role. Many qualities of little impact, add to risk.[5-7] Environmental elements incorporate a past filled with youth mishandle and long haul stress. It is isolated into bipolar I issue if there is no less than one hyper scene and bipolar II issue if there are no less than one hypomanic scene and one noteworthy depressive scene. In those with less extreme side effects of a delayed length the condition cyclothymic confusion might be available. Other conditions that may exhibit in a comparable way incorporate consideration deficiency hyperactivity issue, identity issue, schizophrenia and substance use issue and also various medicinal conditions. Medical testing is not required for a determination. In any case, blood tests or medicinal imaging should be possible to preclude other problems.[4,5]

Page 14

« « « «

¬ ¬ International Journal of Industrial Engineering

Manufacturing International Journal of Mechanical Dynamics and Analysis International Journal of Fracture and damage Mechanics International Journal of Structural Mechanics and Finite Elements

and Design ¬ International Journal of Manufacturing and

Materials Processing ¬ International Journal of Mechanical Handling and

Automation 5 more...

Electronics and Telecommunication « International Journal of Radio Frequency Design « International Journal of VLSI Design and Technology « International Journal of Embedded Systems and Emerging

Technologies « International Journal of Digital Electronics « International Journal of Digital Communication and Analog

Chemical Engineering « International Journal of Renewable Energy and its

Commercialization « International Journal of Environmental Chemistry « International Journal of Agrochemistry « International Journal of Prevention and Control of Industrial

Pollution

5 more...

Signals

1 more...

Civil Engineering

Architecture « International Journal of Housing and Human Settlement

Planning « International Journal of Architecture and Infrastructure

Planning « International Journal of Rural and Regional Planning

« « « «

Development

« International Journal of Town Planning and Management

2 more...

Electrical Engineering

Computer Science and Engineering « « « « «

« « « «

Nursing « « « « «

IJNN

Material Sciences and Engineering

« « « «

5 more...

Biotechnology « International Journal of Industrial Biotechnology and « « « «

Jan ‒ Jun 2016

Nanotechnology « International Journal of Applied Nanotechnology « International Journal of Nanomaterials and Nanostructures « International Journals of Nanobiotechnology

Chemistry

Physics « International Journal of Solid State Materials « International Journal of Optical Sciences