Annual Report 2014
A medical university A
(Dnr 1-278/2015)
COVER PHOTO Karolinska Institutet’s conferment ceremonies are arranged to formally celebrate the scientific achievements and the hard work involved in compiling and defending a doctoral thesis. Students from Karolinska Institutet help as ushers during the ceremony. The ushers guide and assist the guests and help make the ceremony a cherished memory for our promovendi, students, professors and others. The tradition is for ushers to wear the student hats from their secondary education diploma ceremony. In the foreground, Hedvig TÜrneman, registered nurse, Milagros Llenas, student on the psychology programme and Awad Smew, student on the medicine programme at Karolinska Institutet, who participated in the conferment ceremony on 14 November 2014 in the Stockholm City Hall. Photo: Stefan Zimmerman
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KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
Karolinska Institutet is one of the world’s leading medical universities. Its vision is to significantly contribute to the improvement of human health. Karolinska Institutet accounts for over 40 per cent of the medical academic research conducted in Sweden and offers the country’s broadest range of education in medicine and health sciences. The Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institutet selects the Nobel laureates in Physiology or Medicine.
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
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The Vice-Chancellors statement Vision and overall objectives Karolinska Institutet, KI, has shown very good development for a number of years. This has been possible thanks to dedicated and competent employees and students, as well as the university benefiting from a positive research policy. In spite of this good development, it is still my firm opinion that KI has not yet utilised its full potential and can make further advances. Our vision remains fixed: KI will make a decisive contribution to improving human health. The achievement of this vision requires that our research makes scientific breakthroughs and often results in discoveries that provide new knowledge of normal vital processes as well as health and disease. New knowledge must also be transferred quickly and efficiently to the health service sector and developed further into innovations. At the same time, our educational programmes must be linked to research, instil a scientific approach, be a preparation for research and give our students the best possible conditions to work with, lead and continuously develop a wide range of activities in close collaboration with other professions.
Strategy 2018 In our strategy document for the period 2014-2018, Strategy 2018, which was published in its final form in September 2014, we have described the main outlines of the strategies selected to achieve the very ambitious overall objectives for KI research and education. The work focuses on four strategic areas: employees, infrastructure, collaboration and funding. The design and implementation of detailed measures in the different policy areas have already begun. Among the high-priority activities are investment in academic leadership, recruitment of exceptionally promising young researchers and teachers through international advertising of positions for career development, and establishing a clearer career structure for promising junior researchers and teachers. Other high-priority activities include better connection between education and research in all educational programmes, the establishment of broad new alliances with a limited number of top international universities, improvement of the technical infrastructure and regional, national and international collaboration. Intensified collaboration and increased integration with healthcare services are essential for our medical university.
Strong international position KI is one of the world’s leading medical universities and has a prominent position in Europe. We successfully compete for international funding, especially European, and our financial development is positive. This year’s turnover exceeded SEK 6 billion for the first time. At the same time, some of our international competitors have financial problems, which contribute to KI’s increased attractiveness for both promising young researchers and established international research leaders. This trend has been clear from recruitments started in the past year.
Development in the research area The average quality of research at KI is good, but the proportion of breakthrough research is still too low compared to many other elite international universities.
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During the past year, with support from the Swedish Research Council’s programme for international recruitment of eminent scientists, KI was able to recruit five world-class researchers in the areas of stem cell biology and regenerative medicine, psychiatric genetics, genetic instability, tumour suppressor biology and epidemiology of eating disorders. Six of our researchers have received support from the European Research Council, ERC, and KI now has a total of 28 ongoing ERC projects. In autumn 2014, the start of the national project on research, education and collaboration within toxicological sciences was celebrated at the Swetox centre in Södertälje, for which KI is the host university.
The quality of educational programmes and links to research The implementation of proposals that were presented in our investigation of the quality of educational programmes and links to research has now started. Special funds for research ties are now aimed at subject areas where education is intensive. In addition, work has started on the introduction of a new organisation for education, where the main responsibility for study programmes lies with departments. External qualitative assessments during the year have demonstrated shortcomings of some educational programmes. Specially appointed working groups are currently analysing the results of the assessments and effecting the necessary corrective measures. Cooperation is ongoing with Stockholm County Council, SCC, to raise the quality of work placements in healthcare environments. In 2014, KI taught two Massive Open Online Courses, MOOCs, within the framework of an agreement with the international education group edX, which attracted a total of almost 56,000 students.
Interaction with healthcare services The Stockholm County Council, SCC, is KI’s single most important partner. Over half of KI’s activities are carried out in close collaboration with the healthcare services. Since autumn 2014, work has been in progress on a new regional ALF agreement (on medical training and research), which will be the basis for continued close cooperation between KI and SCC. KI has two overall objectives for future collaboration with SCC. We want it to be based on a common strategy for research and education, and we want the university and healthcare services to be integrated to a much greater extent than is currently the case, in order to ensure effective university healthcare. We also want to see a clear division of responsibilities between the university and care providers in university healthcare, where KI is responsible for research and education and the healthcare organisation is responsible for healthcare, the application of knowledge and the dissemination of knowledge. In addition, the work placements in our programmes for different health professions must take place in environments where qualified supervision is provided in adequate amounts, to a greater extent than is currently the case. The collaboration project 4D on four major diseases – arthritis, breast cancer, type 2 diabetes and congestive heart failure – has already during its second year created better conditions for
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
healthcare and research by introducing new working methods and models for learning experiences.
Innovation and cooperation with industry Innovation issues have been clearly recognised in the university management since 2014 through the creation and filling of a position as Deputy Vice-Chancellor for innovation and collaboration with industry. KI will also finance basic functions for support and advice in the area of innovation from 2014 onwards. These functions are now being restructured and integrated more strongly into core activities by operating directly inside different research areas. Education on innovation and entrepreneurship is similarly becoming more integrated in our study programmes at all levels.
Challenges KI’s future prospects largely depend on major investments in recruitment, career development and infrastructure. These investments will greatly increase the potential for research and education, but they also entail large costs. At the same time, KI is challenged by rapidly growing international competition. To be able to implement KI’s ambitious plans for recruitment and career development, as well as financing expensive equipment for the large-scale research facilities that are planned, a substantial injection of financial resources are required – and the same applies for a sustainable innovation system to be created. In addition to increased financing, KI needs wider decision-making powers in several areas in order to strengthen its international competitiveness.
Infrastructure New research environments are under construction on the KI campuses in Solna and Huddinge to bring together multidisciplinary teams with access to highly specialised equipment and enable recruitment of leading international researchers. The construction of a new 55,000 sq.m. laboratory building, Biomedicum, and a new building for comparative medicine is underway in Solna. The planning of a new laboratory building of 15,000 sq.m., named Neo, was started in Huddinge during the year. The modernisation of education facilities has been started to create a more attractive student environment. A large initiative was made in 2014 with SCC to build up a powerful bio bank structure in Stockholm. A laboratory for integrative informatics was established to encourage integration between different areas of informatics into one coherent informatics structure.
Anders Hamsten
Focus on internationalisation
Photo: Ylva Sundgren.
By implementing Strategy 2018, we want to shift the perspective from a strong and in many ways dominant national position to a strengthened international position. A Deputy Vice-Chancellor for international affairs is under recruitment, who will further develop KI’s strategic international alliances at a central level. The work in internationalising our educational programmes has been carried out since 2014 according to a new action plan, which stipulates that global health issues must be included in all programmes, that all programmes must offer a compulsory course in English and that student and teacher mobility must increase. Junior researchers holding a Swedish doctorate are strongly encouraged to take a post-doctoral programme in a well-reputed international research environment.
Donations KI received a number of donations in 2014 which have made a vital contribution to our research. I would especially like to thank the following: • Hållsten Research Foundation, support for Dr. Igor Adameyko’s research • Stichting af Jochnick Foundation, hypertension research • UBS Optimus Foundation, tuberculosis diagnostics • Ulla and Ingemar Dahlberg Foundation, dyslexia research • Ursula Belding and others, targeted cancer immunotherapy
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
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Undergraduate students and doctoral students at Karolinska Institutet are represented by the two unions Medical Students’ Association, MF, and the Student Union of Odontology, OF. The unions work primarily with student influence, students’ rights and student life. Cooperation between the unions and KI has developed in a positive direction in 2014. Strategy 2018 has set the tone during the course of the year, and will be put in focus in coming years too. In order to achieve the high objectives KI has set for being a leading university, student representation must work effectively and the unions must have a voice in that process. It is as a unified university KI can achieve its objectives. The unions look forward to continued collaboration in a common direction. Changes were made to the composition of the KI management group during the year. Two seats in the group are earmarked for student representatives. The unions are pleased that students once again are represented in the group, and through our participation we hope that we can contribute with an important student perspective also in this group. Another positive collaboration during the year was the involvement in Stockholm Pride, when students, doctoral students and employees from KI jointly represented KI as a ”University for diversity” in the parade through Stockholm. Equality and nondiscrimination are important issues for the unions, and we are pleased that KI shares our values in these areas. The unions and KI have also collaborated on the reception of new students. On both the Welcome Day and the Inspiration Day, the unions were involved in serving breakfast, barbecues and evening activities, among other events. The unions’ own reception was larger than ever before, with many activities and many people involved. A well-functioning reception is very important for the unions, since it is a good opportunity to attract new students to be active in the unions and recruiting new student representatives. It is also essential that the students feel welcome at their new university and in their new roles as students. There was an election of deans at KI in 2014. The unions cooperate closely with the deans, and the election of deans always raises commitment from undergraduates and doctoral students. The unions have no formal influence in the elections, an issue we are working on changing until next election. Having the support of the students is extremely important for a dean, in order to be able to do a good job. It can sometimes be a challenge having two different unions, MF and OF, at KI. Coordinating two different organisations on issues, for example student representation, can be difficult in
Photo: Andreas Beronius.
The students have the floor
The student unions monitor the quality of the study programmes and have student representatives in most of the university’s decision-making bodies. In addition to study monitoring, unions work with educational/social activities and mediate contacts with industry and successful research groups.
terms of administration. It requires good collaboration between KI and the unions, and between the unions themselves. Cooperation between OF and MF worked very well in 2014, and both continually work towards common goals and continuously good communication. Having two different campuses at KI is sometimes a challenge, too. Students, who are based in Huddinge, feel that there is no campus spirit, and have requested more student-oriented features. Therefore, the unions representing students on the Huddinge campus, have joined forces and started up Flemingsbergs Förenade Studentkårer. Among other things, the Pro-Vice-Chancellors of all the universities and colleges involved have held a meeting and cooperation with Huddinge Municipality has begun. Students in the area have also been given their say about activities on the campus. In November a big labour market fair was arranged for all the students at KI. CHaSE, Career in Health and Science Expo, attracted students from all parts of KI for seminars, workshops and a trade fair. As in previous years, a job fair for students on the dentistry and dental hygiene programmes was also organised. Prior to the forthcoming year, the student unions hope that the collaboration between undergraduate students, doctoral students and KI will develop further, towards student representation being a natural and desirable part of KI.
On behalf of the Medical Students’ Association and the Student Union of Odontology
Karin Böttiger Chair of the Medical Students’ Association 2014
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Elin Ekeroth Deputy Chair of the Medical Students’ Association 2014
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
Content Highlights at Karolinska Institutet 2014................................................................................................................................................................................. 8 Karolinska Institutet in brief......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10
KI’s commission and governance................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 11 Organisation.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 11 Infrastructure................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 12 Quality assurance........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 12 Innovation and collaboration.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 13
Education at Bachelor’s and Master’s level.............................................................................................................................................................................14 Range of courses and study programmes............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 15 Students.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 16 Education........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 17 Internationalisation................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 18 Quality.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 20 Equal opportunities.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 23 Integration......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 23
Education at doctoral level.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................24 Results................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 25 Quality ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 26 Internationalisation................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 27 National collaboration........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 27 Equal opportunities.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 27
Research......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................28 New research findings – some examples.............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 29 Quality of research.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 32 Internationalisation................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 36 Equal opportunities.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 37
Karolinska Institutet in society – collaboration and innovation............................................................................................................38
Collaboration with Stockholm County Council............................................................................................................................................................................................... 39 Special communication initiatives................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 41 Innovation support and collaboration with industry................................................................................................................................................................................... 41
Common to the entire organisation................................................................................................................................................................................................ 44 Provision of expertise and equal opportunities........................................................................................................................................................................................... 45 An attractive workplace in which to develop..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 45 Human resources report....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 45 Work environment and employment conditions........................................................................................................................................................................................... 48 Equal opportunities................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 49 Infrastructure................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 50 Sustainable development.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 51 Research and education for sustainable development.............................................................................................................................................................................. 51 Sustainable campus................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 51
Financial report................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................52 Funding................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 53 Education at Bachelor’s and Master’s level........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 54 Research and education at doctoral level............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 55 Asset management.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 56 Funds..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 56 KI Foundations.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 57 Statement of financial performance.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 58 Balance sheet................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 59 Accounting principles............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 61 Internal control............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 63 The University Board............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 64 Appendix............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 66 Key indicators................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 73
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
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A career ladder for junior researchers is established at KI, as funds are set aside for mid-level positions to be advertised through both national and international channels. In making this investment, KI hopes to attract new talent to the university and to retain the top junior researchers already working here.
JANUARY
Photo: Stefan Zimmerman.
The conferment ceremony on the 23rd marks the end of many years of study for KI’s latest doctors. New honorary doctors were also made: dentist William P. Magee and nurse Kathleen S. Magee, founders of the charity Operation Smile; former MD of Meda AB Anders Lönner; and professor of haematology Zhu Chen.
1 Aula Medica wins the Building Project of the Year award. KI’s new auditorium, made possible by a donation by the Erling-Persson Family Foundation, can accommodate a thousand people and is praised for its technically advanced architecture.
MARCH
Photo: Ulf Sirborn.
Ima
ge: iS
tock
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Highlights at Karolinska Institutet 2014
MAY
FEBRUARY
APRIL
KI presents its first MOOC (Massive Open Online Courses) package. The online courses are part of an international partnership launched by Harvard University and MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology). KI is the first Swedish university to join the scheme.
JUNE The Vice Minister of China’s National Health and Family Planning Commission visits KI to learn more about KI’s organisation and the university’s links with the healthcare sector. Canada’s foreign minister also comes to KI while on a visit to Sweden. KI has more joint publications with the University of Toronto than any other Canadian university.
Photo: Amina Manzoor.
“Strategy 2018”, KI’s new strategy document, is approved. The document lays out a roadmap for KI up to 2018, and signals an express desire by KI to raise the quality of its core activities: research and RESEARCH AND education. It is hoped that EDUCATION groundbreaking research and attractive study programmes will boost KI’s international status.
KI receives half a billion kronor from the Swedish Research Council to recruit four internationally outstanding researchers. The money will be used to establish world-class research environments.
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KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
Image: iStock.
Karolinska Institutet pays tribute to its former Vice-Chancellor, Nobel laureate Bengt Samuelsson, with a three-day symposium for researchers from around the world. Samuelsson was honoured as the founder of the lipid mediators research field, and for recently turning 80.
Photo: Gunnar Ask.
Jogging or other kinds of everyday exercise: at Sweden's largest political rally – the Almedal week in Visby – KI holds seminars on the importance of physical exercise for the prevention of common diseases.
JULY
SEPTEMBER
KI students gathered on two different occasions to ply Vice-Chancellor Anders Hamsten with questions and to enjoy free pizza. ”Every opportunity to come and talk to the students is good,” said Professor Hamsten during the Q&A sessions that covered issues such as contact with trade and industry, a gym, computer support and much more besides.
NOVEMBER OCTOBER
KI announces a contest to find a name for the new research block to be built on the Huddinge campus; the winning suggestion is “Neo”. With a total floor space of 15,000 sq. m., the plan is to establish an ultramodern centre for experimental research, just like Biomedicum on the Solna campus but about a quarter of the size.
DECEMBER
Swetox, a new Swedish research centre for toxicological sciences in AstraZeneca’s former building in Södertälje, is opened. The centre is operating as a collaborative venture by eleven Swedish universities. Photo: Erik Cronberg.
AUGUST
Image: iStock.
Public authorities and organisations in Sweden mobilise their forces to help curb the spread of Ebola in West Africa. KI starts a course to prepare medical staff for engagement in the most seriously affected countries.
Photo: Gunnar Ask.
Photo: Gunnar Ask.
NEO
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
ck.
: iSto
Photo
The 2014 Nobel laureates in physiology or medicine, John O'Keefe, May-Britt Moser and Edvard I. Moser, come to KI to hold their Nobel lectures in Aula Medica during Stockholm’s Nobel week. The three scientists receive science’s most prestigious prize for their discoveries of the cells that make up a positioning system in the brain.
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Photo: Ulf Sirborn.
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET IN BRIEF
The assembly hall of Karolinska Institutet has become an important meeting place in the academic world, as well as a link between the university, the public and various partners. The Aula Medica is used to hold lectures and conferences that gather people from all over the world.
Karolinska Institutet, based in the Stockholm area, Sweden, conducts its research and education on two campuses and at several of the county’s hospitals. Activities at KI’s departments are arranged at the following locations:
Full-time equivalent students
2,562
Research (million SEK)
2,979
Full-time equivalent employees
3,250
2,977
Research (million SEK)
1,035
Full-time equivalent employees
1,142
Danderyd Hospital 273
Research (million SEK)
27
Full-time equivalent employees
23
Stockholm South General Hospital 200
Research (million SEK)
35
Full-time equivalent employees
40
Swetox, Södertälje
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Central Administration University Library
Comparative Medicine
KI Holding AB
Full-time equivalent students
Full-time equivalent students
Board of DOCTORAL EDUCATION Board of RESEARCH
Campus Huddinge and Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge
Internal audit
VICE-CHANCELLOR Board of HIGHER EDUCATION
Campus Solna and Karolinska University Hospital Solna
Full-time equivalent students
UNIVERSITY BOARD
Research (million SEK)
18
Full-time equivalent employees
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Councils and Committees
Department of Biosciences and Nutrition Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Department of Clinical Neuroscience Department of Clinical Science and Education, Stockholm South General Hospital Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital Department of Dental Medicine Department of Laboratory Medicine Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department of Medicine, Huddinge Department of Medicine, Solna Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society Department of Neuroscience Department of Oncology-Pathology Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Department of Public Health Sciences Department of Women's and Children's Health Institute of Environmental Medicine Unit for Toxicological Sciences, Swetox, Södertälje
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET IN BRIEF
Karolinska Institutet in brief Karolinska Institutet’s, KI’s, vision is to significantly contribute to the improvement of human health. KI is a modern medical university that is responsible for about 40 per cent of the academic medical research in Sweden and which has the largest range of medical courses and study programmes in the country. KI’s close connections with healthcare, extensive infrastructure and strong finances allow KI to conduct education and research of the highest quality. Since 1901, the Nobel Assembly at KI has awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
VISION Karolinska Institutet significantly contributes to the improvement of human health.
KI’s commission and governance MISSION Karolinska Institutets mission is to conduct research and education and to collaborate with society.
Photo: © ® The Nobel Foundation.
KI’s commission has its basis in the Higher Education Act, which states that the university’s role is to offer courses and study programmes based on research and proven experience and to conduct research and development. The university is also required to collaborate with society at large and disseminate information about its activities. The following performance report is based on the university’s commission as set out by the Government in the Higher Education Act and the public service agreement. Academic freedom, firmly established in law, provides extensive space for independent research and education. KI has only one faculty: medicine, which is carried out in a very decentralised organisation. New procedural regulations for KI came into force on 1 January 2014 stipulating the overall organisational structure, how decision-making powers are delegated, how cases are managed and the form of its activities in general. KI’s governance model means that the Board makes budget decisions concerning the organisation as a whole and the Vice-Chancellor then makes decisions about further allocation of resources and annual duties based on adopted strategies and focus areas. KI adopted Strategy 2018 in spring 2014. The strategy is built on previous strategy documents and aims to clarify the key questions and challenges that will be of significance to sustainability, continuity and renewal.
Organisation Research and education at KI are mainly carried out at 22 departments in the county of Stockholm, at the campuses in Solna and Huddinge. Karolinska University Hospital is adjacent to the campuses and has a vital role in clinical research and education. Collaboration also takes place with other clinics in the nearby area.
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
Since 1901, the Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institutet has awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
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The future campus gives employees and students the best possible conditions in which to work and develop.
Photo: Camilla Svensk.
Image: Berg | C.F. Møller Architects.
ABOUT KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET
A great deal of work is in progress to strengthen KI’s position as a leading international research university.
Infrastructure
Quality assurance
Together with Akademiska Hus, KI is undertaking a huge investment in new buildings and modern premises in order to better meet the needs of research and education. When the plans for Hagastaden and a new, ultra-modern university hospital took shape, this was an opportunity for KI to realise its plans for the Campus Solna. It is important to take advantage of the opportunities for cooperation and efficiency that the new university hospital can offer. The hospital is the university’s nearest neighbour in Solna and the plan is to connect the new research laboratory, Biomedicum, with the hospital’s research building. A corresponding structure, though on a smaller scale, is taking shape at KI’s southern campus in Huddinge in collaboration with TKV Fastighets AB. Aula Medica, which was completed in 2013, also serves as a meeting place between KI and the hospital. The infrastructure will provide better conditions for modern medical research which increasingly requires access to expensive, advanced equipment. This should be shared and accessible to as many researchers as possible to make it cost-effective.
Quality over quantity is one of the key phrases in KI’s Strategy 2018. Constant improvement is the basis of the work to raise quality at KI. One prerequisite for succeeding in quality work is integrating it into everyday activities. Quality requirements are set out in the policy and strategy documents. At the beginning of 2014 a joint board investigation presented a final report on the quality of education and connections to research. The Vice-Chancellor subsequently decided to set up a coordination group responsible for implementing the measures proposed in the investigation (see chapter on Bachelor’s and Master’s education). Priority development issues are higher quality through research basis, an optimal educational organisation and the use of government funding. The ongoing work to internationalise KI and strengthen its position as a leading international research university is of key importance to the quality of its activities. This work is aimed at improving quality, increasing competitiveness based on breakthrough research, enabling stable funding, infrastructure investments, strategic recruitments and offering attractive study programmes. KI has a long tradition of international contacts and scientific exchanges with researchers, teachers, and students.
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
Photo: Erik Cronberg.
ABOUT KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET
Innovation and collaboration KI has been developing an innovation system for several years in order to ensure that health and medical care reaps the benefits of medical and health innovations. A new position of Deputy ViceChancellor for innovation and collaboration with industry was filled in August 2014. The innovation system currently consists of several stakeholders providing services that all aim to realise the benefits of ideas generated from research. KI has an agreement of cooperation in research and education with a range of important universities around the world and collaborates with companies in the biomedical and biotechnological sectors, as well as national agreements with individual countries. As a medical university, it is very important for KI to collaborate with health and medical care, in particular with Stockholm County Council, SCC. Our shared objective is to conduct research and education of high international standard for the benefit of current and future patients. This is done through continued professional development of healthcare staff and the implementation of research results. To make this collaboration as efficient as possible, decisions are taken on overall strategies for education, research and infrastructure in joint steering groups within the KI/ SCC collaboration.
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
The Stockholm County Council is a very important partner for KI, both in research and education.
Strategy 2018 4 focus areas:
EMPLOYEES INFRASTRUCTURE
COLLABORATION FUNDING
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EDUCATION AT BACHELOR’S AND MASTER’S LEVEL
At the Clinical Training Centre, Karolinska Institutet’s students have the opportunity of training for future meetings with patients by practising practical situations. Trainee doctor Siri Sjöberg is practising her sutures, or stitches, to hold the skin together after an accident or surgery.
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Photo: Erik Cronberg.
EDUCATION AT BACHELOR’S AND MASTER’S LEVEL
EDUCATION AT BACHELOR’S AND MASTER’S LEVEL
13 BEGINNERS’ PROGRAMMES
Range of courses and study programmes Karolinska Institutet, KI, has a wide range of study programmes in medicine and healthcare. This wide range is unique in Sweden. The study programmes offered shall be of high quality and have strong ties to research in order to create the right conditions for evidence-based professional practice.
This year, KI offered over 40 study programmes and about 60 free-standing courses at Bachelor’s (first cycle) and Master’s level (second cycle). The majority of the range offered are programmes leading to a professional qualification and supplementary education for those who already have an education in medicine and health care. According to labour market forecasts by Statistics Sweden and others, there will be a major demand for the medical professionals that KI trains, as well as for supplementary training for these professionals. With this in mind, KI works together with healthcare services and other clients when planning the range of courses and study programmes and their contents. In recent years, work on the range of courses and study programmes has focused on long-term adaptation to the funding cap set out in the appropriations document. This has resulted in a significant cutback in the number of free-standing courses, which has reduced the options of supplementary training for healthcare professionals. No new study programmes were started during the year, but KI, Stockholm University and the Royal Institute of Technology, KTH, have decided to start a new joint Master’s programme in Molecular techniques in Life Science, in the autumn term 2015.
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
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SUPPLEMENTARY PROGRAMMES
60
FREE-STANDING COURSES
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EDUCATION AT BACHELOR’S AND MASTER’S LEVEL
FTE students at KI 2014 (total 5,978) Source: Ladok.
6% 7% 2%
28 %
8% 3% 11 %
6% 4% 7%
13 % 5%
Medicine 28 % Physiotherapy 6 %
Photo: Ulf Sirborn.
Nursing 13 % Psychology 5 %
Katarina Gunhammar and Agnes Karlsson-Pyk have just received their diplomas from the Vice-Chancellor, Anders Hamsten. After three years’ studies they are qualified physiotherapists and ready for the labour market.
Dentistry 7 % Occupational therapy 4 % Other beginner’s programmes 11 % Biomedical lab. science 3 % Specialist nursing (continuation) 8 % Other continuation programmes 2 %
Students
Master programmes 7 % Freestanding courses 6 %
Applicants KI’s study programmes generally have a high number of applicants per admitted student. The number of qualified first-choice applicants continued to increase in 2014 compared with previous years, especially for the beginners’ programmes. Competition was greatest among applicants for the Study Programme in Medicine with 7.8 qualified first-choice applicants per student admitted, but the Study Programme in Psychology (6.1) and the one-year Master’s programme in Global Health (5.0) also had a very high number of applicants per admitted student. Among the continuation programmes there was a continued increase in number of applicants per admitted student for the Master’s programmes (one and two years), while the study programmes in specialist nursing and the Study Programme in midwifery had fewer applicants per admitted student compared to 2013.
Widening participation KI’s efforts to widen its participation involves both recruiting new groups of students and creating good study conditions for those already studying at the university. KI runs a language workshop for students. Individual tutorials are provided in academic writing in English and Swedish. On the basis of an assessment of the language workshop conducted during the year, KI developed a series of lectures on academic writing. A large part of the work on widening participation is ongoing. Student ambassadors present KI’s activities in upper secondary schools in Stockholm county, for example. KI tries to put together a heterogeneous group of ambassadors, both in terms of gender
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and ethnicity. There are three cooperating upper secondary schools where KI holds inspirational lectures and field trips are arranged. An important part of the work is to offer potential students the opportunity to shadow a student – accompanying him/her to lectures and so on. Finally, KI provides lectures on study skills and stress management.
Student influence Student participation is an important condition for the development of KI. Students at all levels have the opportunity of using their influence in KI’s planning and decision-making bodies. During the year students participated in the work of the management group, and representatives of the student unions have met with the executive management on several occasions. In bodies that are directly responsible for education issues there must be at least one student representative present to build a quorum, provided that there is a representative. KI organises annual training for students active in KI’s planning and decision-making bodies to support student influence. The training focuses on laws and regulations and organisational and decision-making structures. In 2014, this training was for the first time also conducted in English. KI has an agreement with the university’s two student unions regarding their responsibility for student influence. KI provides financial support for this, as well as for the students’ and doctoral students’ ombudsmen.
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
EDUCATION AT BACHELOR’S AND MASTER’S LEVEL
Revenue from commissions distributed by source of funding 2014
Number of degrees awarded 2011–2014
Source: Agresso.
Degree
2011
2012
2013
2014
Professional qualifications
1,466
1,223
1,256
1,432
773
655
891
1,106
2,239
1,878
2,147 2,538
Total number of individuals 1,888
1,668
1,758 1,964
General qualifications Total number of degrees
Source: Ladok.
Full-time equivalent students (FTEs) and annual performance equivalents (APEs) in contract education 2011–2014 2011
2012
2013
2014
Full-time equivalent students 235
250
241
304
Annual performance equivalents
222
188
274
202
11 % 10 %
44 %
2%
24 % 9% County councils and municipalities 44 % Higher education institutions 9 % Other government agencies 24 %
1,667
Organisations and foundations 2 % Swedish companies 10 % Foreign financiers 11 %
full-time equivalent students at the study programme in Medicine
Education Full-time equivalent students (FTEs) and annual performance equivalents (APEs) In 2014, the number of FTEs was 5,978 and the number of APEs was 5,613 within the framework of the funding cap. This is a small decrease in the number of FTEs and a small increase in the number of APEs compared with 2013. Each programme’s share of the total number of FTSs is illustrated in the pie chart on the opposite side. The number of FTEs and APEs in the various programmes is shown in the table appendix.
Degrees The total number of degrees awarded has increased in comparison with 2013 (see table above). The difference is largely due to the increase in the number of nursing degrees, and that specialist nursing programmes also lead to a Master’s degree (one year).
Commissions KI’s commissions consist of contract education and contracted courses. Revenues from commissions amounted to SEK 76 million in 2014, an increase of nearly 23 per cent compared to the previous year. See pie chart above for information on revenues, separated into different sources of funding.
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
Contract education During the year, KI has continued to collaborate with major healthcare providers to meet society’s need for continuing professional development of healthcare professionals. KI offers a number of specialised programmes for different professional categories in healthcare, as well as courses in patient safety and psychotherapy. The proportion of international contract education has also increased, with continuing professional development of personnel from China and Kazakhstan, amongst others. KI has also carried out more online courses, which makes professional development more accessible for more and broader target groups. In 2014, specialist competence courses for doctors (SC courses), were publicly procured for the first time. The result of the tendering procedure is that KI will sign contracts with the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare for SC courses in about 60 subject areas. As can be seen from the table above, the number of FTEs and APEs in contract education increased sharply, which is partly due to an increase in the study programmes in specialist nursing, online courses and training courses for the City of Stockholm.
17
EDUCATION AT BACHELOR’S AND MASTER’S LEVEL
Student exchanges 2014 Incoming and outgoing students within exchange programmes
Number of incoming students to Karolinska Institutet
Number of outgoing students from Karolinska Institutet
NORTH AMERICA
Internationalisation Work with internationalisation has been carried out in accordance with a new action plan for the years 2014–2017. Objectives in the action plan are that global health issues must be integrated in compulsory education, that all study programmes offer a compulsory course in English, and that student and teacher mobility increase. The objective is also to increase the number of third-country students on the global Master’s programmes. During the year, an inventory was made of all educational programmes regarding existing education in global health issues and compulsory courses in English. Preliminary results show that measures need to be taken in a number of educational programmes for these objectives to be achieved. The course on teaching in English for teachers has been expanded during the year to include more hours. The number of outgoing exchange teachers increased during the year from 37 to 60. An increase can be seen in all externally financed exchange programmes (Linnaeus-Palme, Erasmus and Nordplus) and is partly explained by funds being set aside by KI in 2013– 2014 for week-long exchanges. The number of incoming exchange teachers is relatively constant. KI participated in an Erasmus Mundus project during the year with the Master’s programme ”Public Health in Disasters”, together with Universidad de Oviedo, Spain and Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium. KI has continued to arrange information meetings about teacher and student exchanges and social activities for participating teachers and students. The number of outgoing students in exchange programmes decreased from 169 to 151, despite intensive information campaigns. Universities in North America are still popular among KI’s outgoing exchange students. Many students turn down exchanges they have been nominated for or accepted to. A survey was therefore carried out during the year among these students. Reasons given for turning down exchanges were family, finances and the difficulty of finding courses that can be credited. All these reasons were also expressed in ”The Erasmus Impact Study” published by the European Commission in 2014. A number of students do parts of their degree project work abroad outside exchange programmes. Some also participate in international courses such as Global Health and Medical Development in Europe, in which part of the tuition is carried out abroad.
18
25
32
SOUTH AMERICA
3
1
The number of incoming students in exchange programmes has increased from 269 to 280, and the imbalance between incoming and outgoing students thus remains. Students from European universities are the largest group among incoming exchange students.
Tuition fee financed education KI offered seven Master’s programmes and a number of freestanding courses taught in English this year. KI had a total of 142 fee-paying students, which is an increase compared with the previous year. In the autumn term 2014, 74 new fee-paying students were registered on the global Master’s programmes. Of these, 51 had a full scholarship, which is a large increase compared with the previous year. In 2014 the first students from the Brazilian Bursary scholarship programme Ciência Sem Fronteiras arrived. Largely due to a major addition of scholarship grants, the proportion of registered third-country students in Master’s programmes on term 1 increased sharply compared with 2013. KI demonstrates continuing strong results in the International
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
EDUCATION AT BACHELOR’S AND MASTER’S LEVEL
ASIA ASIA EUROPE EUROPE
195
195
77
77
27 27
4 4
15
15
9
9 AFRICA
AFRICA
26 26
17
OCEANIA
17
OCEANIA
Source: Ladok.
Student Barometer, ISB, 2013/14, which measures students’ satisfaction with the quality of their education and reception services. Efforts made in the tuition fee-financed activities are aimed at promoting all of the university’s internationalisation and training activities. In addition to the reception services and service on campus, work is carried out in pedagogical development that is aimed at improving and developing teaching in the multicultural classroom. The increase in fee-paying students has contributed to internationalisation at home since Swedish students now meet more international students. Cooperation with the Swedish Migration Board has worked well, but it should be pointed out that a number of students have been unable to accept their study places due to delayed residence permits. For the second year running, tuition fee financed activities showed a positive outcome. The profit will partly cover the accumulated deficit, and will partly be reinvested in tuition feefinanced activities. Of the outcome, approximately SEK 1.2 million is an allocation to an internal scholarship fund.
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
Number of full-time equivalent students (FTEs) and annual performance equivalents (APEs) in tuition fee financed activities 2011–2014 2011
2012
2013
2014
Full-time equivalent students
10
34
51
74
Annual performance equivalents
8
28
50
64
Source: Ladok. Revenue and costs for operations funded by tuition fees 2011–2014 (SEK million) 2011
2012
2013
2014
1.7
5.7
9.3
14.7
Costs
-3.6
-5.9
-7.6
10.7
Total
-1.9
-0.2
1.7
4.1
Revenue
Source: Agresso.
19
EDUCATION AT BACHELOR’S AND MASTER’S LEVEL
Quality
7.7
SEK million
is earmarked for quality improvement measures in some study programmes
13
courses on teaching and learning in higher education were arranged with 300 participants
Behavioral Medicine: A Key to Better Health 18,472 participants
KI gave two
MOOCs Massive Open Online Courses in 2014
Explore Statistics with R 37,269 participants
20
Results of assessments by the National Agency for Higher Education and the Swedish Higher Education Authority In 2014 the Swedish Higher Education Authority, UKÄ, announced its decisions on the assessment of 30 KI degrees. Two degrees were rated as ”very high quality”, 14 ”high quality” and 14 ”inadequate quality”, the latter including all nine specialist nursing degrees. All Swedish specialist nursing degrees were assessed during the year, and a majority were rated as ”inadequate quality”. Working groups have been set up to analyse the results and take the necessary corrective measures. During the year, two degree programmes previously rated as inadequate quality were approved by UKÄ. KI received SEK 7.7 million in quality-based allocation of resources. These funds are used primarily for quality improvement measures in the study programmes which were rated as ”very high quality”.
Measures to improve the quality of KI study programmes KI has started to implement the proposals from the internal investigation of the quality of study programmes and research ties, which was presented at the beginning of 2014. Among other things, KI submitted a proposal for a new allocation model regarding funds for research ties. The aim is that resources to a larger extent should be directed to areas with weak research ties. The proposal will be discussed in 2015. A new action plan for the quality evaluation of first- and second-cycle study programmes was established in 2014. The plan will be valid from 2015 onwards. During the year, KI produced a new course evaluation questionnaire for all first- and second-cycle courses. The questionnaire consists of three parts: general questions used for all courses, programme-specific questions and course-specific questions. The general questions were pilot tested on 400 students in the autumn and a questions bank with programme-specific questions and course-specific questions has been compiled.
Measures to improve the quality of placements In order to improve quality in areas such as placements, KI is cooperating with the Stockholm County Council and individual higher education institutions through the Centre for Clinical Education and with the academic health centres, AVC. The work has been focused on the development of systems and tools that are necessary for students’ clinical training and that have been requested by clinics and study programmes. The activities have also been focused on the pedagogical professional development of clinical teachers and supervisors in the county. Work has also focused on the different AVC units in order to support them in their establishment and pedagogical development. In 2014, a further four AVC units started up, making the current total eight. The purpose of AVC units is to integrate research, education and development work in primary care. They also support other health centres in organising continuing professional development and disseminating scientifically proven research findings. The increase in the number of academic health centres means more locations in which to arrange placements.
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
Photo: Erik Cronberg.
EDUCATION AT BACHELOR’S AND MASTER’S LEVEL
Exchange students Lorenzo Cordara and Silvia Malvolti are studying an international course at the Huddinge campus in May 2014.
Measures to adapt KI programmes to stakeholders’ needs KI has started work on producing a stakeholder survey during the year. The purpose is to examine whether students have the knowledge demanded by stakeholders after they have completed their education. The work will continue in the next few years.
Measures to raise the quality of teaching and learning activities Professional development for teachers In 2014 there were 13 courses arranged on teaching and learning in higher education for just over 300 participants. In addition a number of shorter continuing professional development courses were organised for teachers and supervisors in placements. A total of 400 people attended these courses. KI arranged a teachers’ day which focused on future challenges and opportunities in health care, attracting around 250 participants. The KI education congress was organised on the theme of research-related education and gathered just over 300 participants.
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
Online courses Within the framework of the agreement with the international education group edX, KI gave two Massive Open Online Courses, MOOCs, in 2014: Behavioural medicine: A Key to Better Health and Explore Statistics with R. In total, nearly 56,000 students participated in KI’s MOOCs and over 3,500 certificates were issued. The purpose of MOOC activities is to develop and market KI study programmes globally in order to attract the best students. Through edX, KI participates in an educational context with world-leading universities such as Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT. Pedagogical leadership training In 2014 KI started a new leadership training programme. After nominations, 30 participants were admitted. This training is aimed at scientifically and pedagogically skilled people with a great interest in leadership and education issues. The aim is to ensure the future supply of scientifically qualified and pedagogical leaders for educational activities at KI. The programme is in progress until 2015. 21
EDUCATION AT BACHELOR’S AND MASTER’S LEVEL
Gender distribution of beginners on beginner’s programmes 2014
Occupational therapist Audiology Biomedicine Biomedial lab. sciences Speech pathology and therapy Physiotherapy
Medicine Optometry Psychology Radiology nursing
51% men 49% women The study programme in Medicine has the most even gender distribution
Nursing Dental hygiene Dentistry Total 0%
20%
40%
60%
Men
80% 100% Women
Source: Ladok.
Gender distribution of beginners on continuation programmes, 2014
Midwifery Psychotherapy Specialist nursing Odontological prophylactics Master’s 1 year Master’s 2 year Total 0%
20%
40% Men
Source: Ladok.
60%
80% 100% Women
25%
The proportion of men among beginner students has increased in 2014
22
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
EDUCATION AT BACHELOR’S AND MASTER’S LEVEL
Equal opportunities
Integration
Gender distribution
Supplementary training for doctors, nurses and dentists with education from third countries
Most of KI’s first- and second-cycle programmes have a uneven gender distribution, where men are in the minority. It is only the Study Programme in Medicine that has a relatively even gender distribution. It is difficult to influence gender-linked vocational choices and a similar gender distribution can be seen at other universities offering healthcare programmes and in the labour market students will graduate into. The proportion of men among beginner students has increased in overall terms from 23 per cent to 25 per cent since 2013. A contributing factor is that the proportion of men is higher among the international students who pay tuition fees. KI is taking a number of measures at the programme level to encourage a more balanced gender distribution. Men account for a greater number of drop-outs on the Study Programme in Biomedical Laboratory Science. The programme leaders therefore make special efforts to keep them on, such as informing them of alternative career paths. Other programmes also support male students; for example, by ensuring that there are male professionals as role-models in the placement part of the training.
Equal opportunities in courses and study programmes
Together with the universities of Lund, Gothenburg and Linköping, KI arranges supplementary training for doctors, nurses and dentists from third countries. KI is coordinating the work. The universities meet on a regular basis to follow up, plan and coordinate the individual training courses, and to exchange experience on the initiative as a whole. All three programmes at KI comprise one year of full-time studies (60 credits). Approximately half of the studies are theoretical, while the rest are placement training/skills training. An important experience from the initiative is that the students are motivated and that most of them obtain work after the programme. All educational groups are heterogeneous, which requires that individualised study paths should be offered as far as possible. A varying knowledge of Swedish is found among students on all programmes. KI has been in discussions with the other universities during the year regarding changes to the structure of all three courses. The change would mean that the universities offer a short introductory course so that students admitted on the supplementary programme will be better prepared.
KI continues to work at including an equal opportunity perspective in the university’s programmes. This work is followed up annually. Examples of areas in which equal opportunities have been taken up in programmes are meetings with patients and students’ future professional roles. There are also courses that deal with fields of knowledge in which there is a connection between patient groups and disease prevalence. Several programmes are working actively to combat stereotypical case examples by making conscious choices of patients and their families in written information. On the Study Programme in Speech and Language Pathology, the course evaluations contain a question on whether the equal opportunities perspective has been taken up in the course. Several educational programmes also follow up students’ social environment regarding discrimination through questions in the course evaluation forms, among other methods. With the aim of examining students’ social welfare issues, the psychology programme carries out an annual survey of students who recently completed their studies. Improved knowledge and awareness among supervisors is vital to promoting equal opportunities in courses and study programmes. To this end, KI offers its teachers and clinical supervisors training in these issues. Students are also offered training on discrimination legislation and the equal opportunity perspective in the programme. In 2004 KI participated in the Pride parade, in cooperation with the Medical Students’ Association, to draw attention to the existence of hate crimes, prejudice and discrimination.
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
23
EDUCATION AT DOCTORAL LEVEL
EDUCATION AT DOCTORAL LEVEL
24
Photo: Ulf Sirborn.
Karolinska Institutet trains doctoral students in medical science and accounts for approximately 12 per cent of Swedish universities’ postgraduate education. Every year, over 300 postgraduate students take a doctoral degree at KI. There are doctoral students at the university with backgrounds in several scientific disciplines and a large proportion come from other countries.
EDUCATION AT DOCTORAL LEVEL
Number of doctoral degrees awarded at KI Number 400
300
200
100
Doctoral education is an important aspect of activities at Karolinska Institutet, KI, where more than 2,000 doctoral students play a major role in the research that is carried out. Responsibility for educational programmes has been delegated to the departments to a large extent. It is above all the individual supervisors who ensure that more than 300 doctoral students who graduate each year develop into competent and independent researchers. For this to be possible KI offers a large number of postgraduate courses, training of supervisors, monitoring tools, as well as a structure in the form of research schools and postgraduate study programmes.
0 2011 Men
2012
2013
2014
Women
Total
Source: Ladok.
Active doctoral students at KI Number 2 500
2 000
1 500
Results This year’s results show no major changes in terms of the number of doctoral students. The trend toward fewer doctoral students that could be seen after the financial year of 2013 is not corroborated by this year’s results. The number of new admissions has risen again and is approaching the level of 2012. The cost for a doctoral student has increased since educational grants have been restricted from two years to one year, which has not affected admissions at the overall KI level. The number of third cycle students is defined as doctoral students who are registered at KI at the end of 2014 and who have carried out studies for at least 10 per cent of the last term. A declining trend can be seen in the admissions statistics of the number of doctoral students with qualifying education from countries other than Sweden. From 2014 onwards the figure was 30 per cent, which is the lowest in comparison with the last three years. Training from a country is not necessarily the same thing as nationality. The decline may be due to an increasing number of foreign students taking Master’s courses in Sweden before they are admitted to third cycle studies, and thus having a qualifying education from Sweden. The statistics for the number of doctoral degrees are affected from the financial year 2012 onwards by the amended definition of the degree date, from the date of the thesis defence to the date of issue of the degree certificate.
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
1 000
500
0 2011
2012
2013
Men
Women
2014 Total
Source: Ladok.
Doctoral education: admissions, registered students and degrees awarded 2011–2014 Degree
2011
2012
Doctoral admissions
409
438
373
408
- of which licentiates
12
15
9
7
Postgraduate students (acticve _> 10%)
2013 2014
2,045
2,111
Licentiate degrees
14
14
12
9
Doctoral degrees
349
359
306
340
12
3
10
6
- of which earlier licentiate degree
2,090 2,071
Source: Ladok. 25
EDUCATION AT DOCTORAL LEVEL
Quality
94 %
Third cycle programmes of high quality means that theses of high scientific quality are produced, but also that employable, competent and independent researchers are awarded degrees. To achieve this requires a learning environment characterised by good leadership, focused on doctoral students’ learning and development. Important areas in quality development are recruitment of doctoral students, improved quality of theses and work with clarification of goal achievement.
would recommend KI to prospective doctoral students
Measurement of quality development For the seventh year in a row, all doctoral students have been invited to participate in a survey in connection with their thesis defence or licentiate seminar. It functions as an exit poll on their completed studies and covers courses and other learning modules, supervision and the work environment. The response rate in recent years has remained high at just over 80 per cent. The preliminary results from this year’s exit poll show that postgraduate programmes at KI are well-rated by an increasing number of doctoral students. For example, almost all doctoral students (94 per cent) would probably recommend KI to prospective doctoral students. In recent years the figure varied between 86 per cent and 91per cent, so this is a positive development. Approximately 79 per cent would probably recommend their principal supervisor to prospective doctoral students, which is also a positive trend (78 per cent in 2013, 75 per cent in 2012 and 71 per cent in 2011). Every fifth doctoral student says that he/ she participated in courses and activities at a research school and virtually all of these say that they would probably recommend the research school to others.
39 %
spent time abroad as part of their education
Recruitment of doctoral students
340
Recruitment of doctoral students to KI must be in competition with others. From 1 January 2014 it has been compulsory to advertise all vacancies for doctoral students. Those who are employed by other employers, such as the Stockholm County Council, SCC, are exempt from this rule. During the year 208 doctoral vacancies were advertised through the KI recruiting system (compared with 407 new doctoral students admitted during the year). The number of applications varies widely between different projects. On average there were 50 applications per advertisement.
theses were presented in connection with dissertations in 2014
Photo: Erik Cronberg.
Quality of theses
26
Based on the survey by members of the Examination Board carried out in 2013, the framework report has been identified as an important element for improvement. It is now possible to request funds for seminars in order to develop the content of the framework report. There is also online support for doctoral students who are writing framework reports. From 2015 doctoral students must present a summary of the literature at the midterm review. This means that they get involved in their field of research and gain an overall perspective at an earlier stage, which later facilitates their work with the thesis. A plagiarism check on framework reports was introduced in 2014 in order to focus on the quality of the reports. An online course has been developed on plagiarism and how to avoid it, which will be compulsory for all new doctoral students.
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
EDUCATION AT DOCTORAL LEVEL
Doctoral students’ fulfilment of objectives The degree examination is to ensure that all the objectives for a doctoral degree are met. The questionnaire from the Examination Board shows that some of the objectives formulated in the Higher Education Ordinance are difficult to examine. KI needs to find ways to ensure that all students achieve all the objectives of the educational programme. To do this, the objectives must feel important. Discussions are being held to draw up an objective fulfilment document, which is intended as a reference for students during their programme.
Doctoral students’ work environment All doctoral students are now offered a meeting with the department’s director of studies in conjunction with the first annual follow-up to ensure a good, secure work environment. Among other things, courses have been started for the departments’ directors of studies and research group leaders in subjects such as leadership and conflict management.
Internationalisation Of those who graduated during the year, 39 per cent state that, in addition to participation in conferences, they spent time abroad as part of their education. A large proportion had been to European countries or the United States, but countries from all continents were represented.
Travel grants for doctoral students For the first time, travel grants for doctoral students were advertised in 2014. The aim is to encourage doctoral students to go on more international exchanges. The grants should be used primarily to spend time with other research teams. The grants are not for attending conferences. Interest in the grants was large and the number planned for 2015 has increased from 20 to 40.
New exchange agreements for doctoral students
National collaboration In October 2014 a new agreement was signed with the Royal Institute of Technology, KTH, on a joint degree in the field of medical technology. This collaboration makes possible a unique multidisciplinary programme based on common competencies at KI and KTH in an area with a very exciting future. So far, the competencies have been divided between the two universities. A joint programme clearly creates better conditions for new innovations in the interface between medicine and technology.
Equal opportunities Since 2010, equal opportunities are taken up in the compulsory course for all newly-admitted doctoral students. Supervisor training, which is compulsory for new supervisors, also includes sections on equal opportunities and discrimination. In 2014, the compulsory online course for supervisors was updated regarding the duty to investigate harassment, among other aspects. A large proportion of doctoral students at KI do not speak Swedish. To prevent the lack of Swedish from restricting doctoral students in any way, in 2014 KI funded a beginner’s course in Swedish for all newly admitted doctoral students. In 2015 the course will also be offered to doctoral students admitted earlier. The requirement that doctoral programmes be advertised, introduced on 1 January 2014, is an important step in promoting equal conditions for the admission of new doctoral students. Access to informal networks in the academy may be significant for opportunities to pursue a research career. At KI, all doctoral students have a mentor, which may make it easier for doctoral students with different backgrounds to develop networks and obtain independent support during their studies. In order to promote the development of a fruitful relationship between the mentor and the student, information about the mentor’s role has been posted on the KI website during the year.
Photos: Erik Cronberg.
In conjunction with a delegation from KI visiting the University of Toronto in Canada, an agreement was signed on short-term exchanges of doctoral students for up to one year. The agreement
is a part of the already extensive cooperation that exists between KI and the University of Toronto.
In spring 2014 it was time for doctoral student Anna Kats to defend her ”Expression of prostaglandin E Synthase-1 in Periodontis – in vivo and in vitro studies”, at the Department of Odontology.
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
27
RESEARCH
RESEARCH
28
Photo: Ulf Sirborn.
Karolinska Institutet accounts for about 40 per cent of all medical research at universities and colleges in Sweden. KI conducts clinic-based research, which provides very good conditions for experimental findings to be quickly transformed into patient benefits, and conversely, observations at clinics provide the basis for new research ideas.
RESEARCH
New research findings – some examples As a medical university, KI conducts research into a broad spectrum of subjects covering everything from a basic scientific approach to clinically oriented research. Below is a selection of new research findings that have been published in leading international scientific journals over the past year.
Photo: Science Photo.
Karolinska Institutet, KI, has made continued efforts to take further steps towards a strengthened role in the absolute forefront of international research. This involves investments in infrastructure, both at the university and in collaboration with healthcare services. New career paths have been created, the conditions for strategic recruitment have improved and there is increased focus on competition for research grants. Collaboration with industry has been improved.
A substance has been discovered that could be helpful in drugs used against glioblastoma, the most aggressive type of brain tumour.
A substance has been discovered that causes glioblastoma cells, found in the most aggressive type of brain tumour, to burst. The substance functions through a completely new mechanism that could become the basis for a drug against glioblastoma, and possibly even for other cancers (Cell, March). Another new concept for treating cancer has been described. It is based on the inhibition of an enzyme that cancer cells, unlike normal healthy cells, require for cell division – so this also gives hope that a new functional cancer therapy can be developed (Nature, April).
Photo: Erik G Svensson.
Fundamental findings provide hope for new cancer treatments
Surgery helps against prostate cancer Two follow-ups of men treated for prostate cancer showed that surgery increases the chances of surviving prostate cancer in comparison with radiation therapy or waiting for treatment. The effect was best for men under 65, and for men with cancer at an early stage (British Medical Journal, February, The New England Journal of Medicine, March).
Research has shown that surgery increases the chances of surviving prostate cancer in comparison with radiation therapy.
A national study on the survival of more than 27 000 people diagnosed with malignant melanoma showed that single men of all ages are more likely to die of the cancer. They often have a more advanced stage of the disease on diagnosis, and thus have a poorer chance of surviving the disease (Journal of Clinical Oncology, March).
Selection of cancer treatment should be carried out after initial radiation The selection of appropriate chemotherapy is often based on an analysis of the tumour development stage that is done when the cancer is detected. In most cases, patients with cancer of the oesophagus are now given initial radiotherapy prior to surgery. Research has shown that the choice of subsequent therapy should be based on the tumour stage after initial radiotherapy rather than before, to achieve better treatment outcomes (Journal of Clinical Oncology, July). KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
Photo: iStock.
Skin cancer is more serious for single men
Research on brain stem cells has resulted in several new scientific articles being published about the formation of new cells in different parts of the brain, how this is regulated and how it can be linked to functions and diseases in the brain.
29
RESEARCH
DNA origami at the nanoscale provides new information about molecular interactions Image: Björn Högberg.
Research using so-called DNA origami, where a DNA molecule is shaped into a nanostructure, has provided valuable insights into how adjacent cells bind to molecules of importance for the development of cancer (Nature Methods, July).
Specific cancer stem cells identified
Research using so-called DNA origami has provided valuable knowledge about how adjacent cells bind to molecules that are important for the development of cancer.
By mapping the cellular origin of important cancer mutations it has been possible to identify cancer stem cells in patients with a certain type of leukaemia and thus it is conclusively proven that cancer stem cells exist in humans. The finding is clinically important because it means that treatments targeting cancer stem cells may be aimed at the root of the disease (Cancer Cell, May).
Cell division seen on film A research team developed a method of sorting instantaneous shots of various cells so that the dynamic processes can be followed in a film in detail. This method gives new information about how cell division takes place, which is important in cancer research (Molecular Cell, February).
Photo: Science Photo.
New findings on the treatment of cardiovascular diseases
Many people suffer from an irregular heartbeat during the last hours of their life, and if they have a pacemaker they risk painful shocks being triggered unless the pacemaker is turned off.
A national study led by KI showed that patients with heart failure of the type when the heart struggles to re-fill with blood – a failure that so far has had no proven treatment – can be successfully treated with beta-blockers (Journal of the American Medical Association, November). Patients with both atrial fibrillation and renal impairment are restrictively treated with the blood thinner warfarin, because so far it has been unclear whether this could increase the risk of bleeding and strokes. New findings showed that this patient group can benefit from warfarin therapy without increasing this risk (Journal of the American Medical Association, March).
Pacemakers can cause pain in palliative care An analysis highlighted that procedures for turning off pacemakers are not always included in the decision to terminate life-sustaining treatment during a patient’s last days of life. Many dying people suffer from irregular heart beats during their last hours of life, and if they have a pacemaker, they risk painful electric shocks being triggered unless the pacemaker is turned off (Circulation, January).
Photo: iStock.
New findings on autism and ADHD
A review of nearly half a million births showed that certain women have a genetic predisposition to suffer severe bleeding after childbirth, knowledge that could be very useful in risk assessment of a pregnancy.
30
Extensive studies of autism showed that genetic factors account for about 50 per cent of the risk of autism while environmental factors, often at an individual level, account for the remaining risk (Journal of the American Medical Association, May). Genetic analyses showed gene expression and functions that are disturbed in autism and thus provide clues to the origin of autism and ultimately to possible treatments (Nature, October, Nature Genetics, July). A registry-based study showed that drug therapy for ADHD does not cause any increased risk of suicide, which was previously feared (British Medical Journal, June).
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
RESEARCH
How physical activity protects against depression Research on mice showed that during physical activity, blood is purified from a substance that is produced during stress and depression, and that is harmful to the brain. Muscle function in this context is reminiscent of the kidney or the liver, and this information may open up new treatment for depression (Cell, September). It has also been shown that physical activity can improve memory in older people by increasing the volume and blood flow in the hippocampus in the brain (Molecular Psychiatry, October).
Some drugs reduce violent crime Treatment with anti-psychotic drugs for people with mental illness not only provides a reduced risk of relapse of the disease, but almost halves the risk of the patient committing violent crimes, according to a recent study (Lancet, May). A genetic study of people convicted of various crimes was able to identify two genes that may be linked to increased susceptibility to carrying out repeated acts of violence (Molecular Psychiatry, October).
Lifestyle effectively protects against heart attack A population-based study of men in Sweden showed that the risk of heart attacks can be significantly reduced with the lifestyle advices: good quality food, low alcohol consumption, physical activity and no smoking or abdominal obesity (Journal of the American College of Cardiology, September).
Obesity in pregnancy represents risk for children Prevention of overweight and obesity in women of childbearing age is probably important for their children’s health, too. Two studies have shown that children have an increased risk of mortality during their first year if the mother is overweight (PLoS Medicine, May; British Medical Journal, December). Studies at the cellular level have described a link between fat cell regulation and the inflammation that causes obesity-related health problems (Cell Metabolism, June).
Childbirth complications linked with genes A review of nearly half a million births showed that some women have a genetic predisposition to suffer severe bleeding after delivery, knowledge that could be very useful in risk assessment of a pregnancy (British Medical Journal, August).
can be carried out with the same certainty level every five years instead of every three years, as recommended in the current screening programme (British Medical Journal, January).
Stem cell research cast light on origins Research on brain stem cells has resulted in several new articles being published about the formation of new cells in different parts of the brain, how this is regulated and how it can be linked to functions and diseases in the brain (Cell, February; Science, October; Neuron, November; Cell, November). Several new findings have been presented on how specialised cells in different parts of the body develop from early stem cells. For example, it has been found that the whole of the parasympathetic nervous system comes from immature support cells that travel along the peripheral nerves to the body’s tissues, and are able to give rise to several different cell types (Science, June). It has also been found that stem cells inside the teeth originate from neural stem cells, which during embryonic development change identity and become the cells that then form the tooth’s soft and hard parts (Nature, July).
Nerve cells’ function mapped Studies of specific nerve cells’ function and regulation have shown exactly what happens when we change the speed of movement, where and how emotional and visual stimuli are processed and how the network of cells in the brain regulates the production of the ”well-being substance” serotonin (Neuron, August; Neuron, August; Neuron, August).
Itching and cold felt in different cells Using molecular biology techniques at the RNA level, it has been possible to distinguish different types of sensory neurons that can detect cold, heat, mechanical pain and an itchy sensation (Nature Neuroscience, November).
Chance affects gene expression A molecular biological study showed that it is chance that determines whether it is the gene copy inherited from the mother or the father that is used in cells, which then determines whether a person suffers from an inherited disease. This may explain why diseases only occur in some individuals, even though they carry the same gene copies as their healthy relatives (Science, January).
Antibiotics early in life do not increase the risk of asthma A registry-based study disproved the hypothesis that treatment with antibiotics during pregnancy and for young children increases the risk of developing asthma later in life (British Medical Journal, November).
Increased knowledge of the human papilloma virus Follow-up studies after HPV vaccination have shown that three doses of the vaccine provides better protection against genital warts (caused by HPV) than if only two doses are given (Journal of the American Medical Association, February). It has also been shown that if the pap smear tests are analysed for HPV, sampling
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
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RESEARCH
Quality of research
Number of published articles 2004–2013
Measures of academic output – bibliometrics
7 000 6 000 5 000 4 000 3 000 2 000 1 000 0 2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Other
Editorial Material
Review
Letter
Meeting Abstact
Article
2012 2013
Source: Web of Science.
Field-normalised citation score
Field-normalised citation score Citation score 1,75 1,50 1,25 1,00 0,75
2004 2005 2006
2007
2008 2009
KI
2010
2011 2012
2013
Change in research funding 2005–2014 SEK million
3 500 3 000 2 500 2 000 1 500 1 000 500 2006
2007
2008
2009
External
2010
2011
Government
2012
The field-normalised citation score reflects the number of citations the article has compared to other articles of the same type, i.e. the same type of document from the same year and the same subject. An individual article’s indicator is 1 if it is cited as many times as the average number for similar articles. The graph to the left shows the average value of the field-normalised citation score for all articles from KI, distributed by year. Changes from previous years are relatively small, which means that KI maintains a level above the world average. Published articles from 2014 cannot be considered to constitute the basis of stable and reliable results and have been excluded from the report.
Funds for recruiting researchers
Global average
Source: Web of Science.
0 2005
KI and many other universities use bibliometrics to follow the dissemination and impact of research results. Bibliometrics involves the application of mathematical and statistical methods to articles, books and other communications media. Reported data1 should be seen from a long-term perspective. The number of published articles is a rough measure of academic output and depends on a variety of factors, such as the publication patterns of different disciplines. The bars in the figure represent published articles with addresses that can be connected to KI2. Figures for the number of published articles are based on the year of publication. Because there is a slight delay in the database being updated, complete statistics for the past year are not available at the time the annual report is published. This means that details for 2014 are not reported so as to provide a true and fair view of developments. The sub-items ”article” and ”reviews” have increased by 20 per cent since 2010, and almost half the increase took place between 2012 and 2013. For all reported sub-items, the increase in total since 2004 is about 44 per cent.
2013
2014
KI has decided on the announcement of funds for positions within a ”career ladder” that will have a joint announcement date. The advertisement will included the levels of research assistant (career development position), ”research assistant extension,” two years (researcher) and researchers, five years. Central strategic funds for positions such as professors, visiting professors and junior researchers have been allocated. Funds have also been allocated for ”anti-recruiting”, or an attempt to retain the most qualified young researchers when they are exposed to competing bids from other universities. A specific activity fund for departments that have recruited women as professors and visiting professors for a period of time has been established. In 2013 the Swedish Research Council announced grants for the international recruitment of outstanding researchers. KI applied an internal process of preparation whereby all departments were encouraged to submit proposals for suitable researchers to
Source: Agresso.
1 Certain
data included herein are derived from the Web of Science® prepared by THOMSON REUTERS®, Inc. (Thomson®), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA: © Copyright THOMSON REUTERS® 2015. All rights reserved. 2 The main address strings included in the analysis are: Karolinska, Huddinge Hospital/Sjukhus, Danderyd Hospital/Sjukhus, Södersjukhuset/Stockholm South General Hospital, St Goran Hospital/ Sjukhus, St Erik Hospital/Sjukhus, Astrid Lindgren Hospital/Sjukhus.
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KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
RESEARCH
recruit. After quality reviews, five applications were submitted to the Swedish Research Council and all of them were approved in 2014. These related to the subject areas of stem cell biology and regenerative medicine, psychiatric genetics, genetic instability, tumour suppressor biology and epidemiology with a focus on eating disorders. During the year the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation awarded KI nine grants from the career programme Wallenberg Academy Fellows aimed at young individual researchers, four of which related to the recruitment of researchers from different universities.
Electronic documentation of research, ELN Information and education initiatives for doctoral students and researchers have been implemented. Workshops, generally halfday events, were held. An information meeting for contacts in research documentation was held in the spring. An online course in management of research data and research documentation was produced and has been included since autumn term 2014 as part of the compulsory introductory course for doctoral students. It is also possible for non-doctoral students to take the course. KI provides education and information for supervisor training in which research documentation is included in a half-day session with information on personal data processing and archiving. Linked to security for ELN, continuous security operations work is carried out that includes external risk analysis and extended backup solutions for the system.
The number of ELN users (researchers and doctoral students) was 3,114 on 30 December 2014, which is an increase of 756 people during the year.
Research linking of education KI, as in previous years, has allocated funds for research basis of the education programme. The funds are allocated to teachers who are highly active in teaching methodology, as well as a ”Future Faculty” programme involving the advertising of lectureships with some central, time-limited funding. In the investigation into the quality of study programmes and research links, UKF, which was completed in February 2014, there is a proposal for how these funds can be strategically used to further increase research basis in the programme.
Research funding The increase in external funding and direct government funding (faculty resources) remains positive. The increases are 5.3 per cent and 8.9 per cent respectively. In total, government funding has increased by 18 per cent since 2011. The corresponding increase for external funding is 15 per cent. This development is a break in the long-standing trend for external funds to show the highest growth rate. The largest increases in 2014 were among foundations and foreign sources of funding, being about 16 per cent in both categories. The proportion of external funds to government funds remains unchanged.
Total research revenue 2011–2014 (SEK million) 2011
2012
2013
2014
Change 2013–2014 (%)
Foundations and organisations
688
692
779
904
16.0
Foreign sources of funding
431
416
435
503
15.6
Research councils
654
729
800
844
5.5
Municipalities and county councils
427
475
396
376
-5.1
Other government agencies
298
349
344
288
-16.3
Swedish companies
171
168
182
198
8.8
KI funds
67
56
68
70
2.9
Financial income
56
50
35
18
-48.6
2,792
2,935
3,040
3,202
5.3
Funding source
Total external funding Direct government funding
1,630
1,732
1,763
1,920
8.9
Total
4,422
4,669
4,802
5,121
6.6
63
63
63
63
Proportion of external funding (%) Source: Agresso.
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
33
RESEARCH
Revenue from the EU (including scholarships) 2005–2014
202 EU
SEK million 300 250 200
EU-funded projects at KI in 2014
150
Scholarships
100
Income
50 0 2005 2006
2007 2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013 2014
Number of EU projects 2009–2014*
Total number of projects with KI as coordinator**
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
230
204
222
234
229
202
38
29
31
21
19
15
* Number of current projects within FP6, FP7 and the Health Programme. Decided but not yet started are not included. ** The figures referring to KI as coordinator do not include projects supported by the European Research Council, ERC. Source: EU database KI, European Commission Participant Portal.
European Union KI is the largest recipient of EU grants of all Swedish universities, and one of the largest in Europe in the field of medicine and health. A total of 202 projects at KI were funded by the EU in 2014. Revenues from these amounted to SEK 238.9 million. KI coordinates 15 of these projects. KI is also involved in projects within the programmes for food, ICT and communication technology, nano-science, safety and the environment. KI is a partner in 14 of a total of 47 ongoing IMI projects, and is coordinator in one project. An important project for KI is EIT Health, which is a ”Knowledge and Innovation Community”, KIC, for Healthy Living and Active Aging. EIT Health is being financed by up to EUR 700 million by 2020. It is planned to establish one of the six European ”co-location centers” in Stockholm. KI maintains its national top place with regard to the number of excellent individual researchers in ”bottom-up” projects, where the subject of the research is decided by the researchers themselves. Meanwhile, the commitment to excellent research constellations (in so-called ”top-down” projects, where research subjects are defined by the EU) is at the same level as the previous year.
European support for individual researchers European grants to individual researchers are mainly financed from the European Research Council, ERC, and the Research Executive Agency, REA. Six new projects supported by the European Research Council were started in 2014. At the end of 2014, KI had 28 active ERC projects. The ERC provides support to individual researchers for ideas that have the potential to revolutionise their particular field. Of the three ERC Starting Grants for life sciences that were allocated to Sweden, one went to KI. For the first time, the university has also received two ”consolidator grants’, which are intended for excellent researchers on their
34
way to consolidating their research position. Within life sciences, Sweden received two ”advanced grants”, both with KI as the host organisation. An additional grant was also awarded with the aim of advancing ERC project ideas, a ”proof of concept grant.” KI has 10 ERC Advanced Grants already running and 15 Starting Grants. Revenues to KI from ERC in 2014 decreased by 10 per cent compared with the 2013 level. The Marie Curie Programme encompasses both individual and network-based forms of support, with a common aim to reinforce Europe’s intellectual capital and competitiveness. In 2014 there were 19 individual Marie Curie grants to researchers at KI, down about one third from 2013. Fewer applications submitted from the university in combination with increased competition is a likely explanation for the smaller number of projects with KI as a host. A flexible transition between second and third cycle studies may increase the probability of Swedish universities obtaining grants from EU funding programmes, such as Marie Curie.
Research grants from the USA KI is a significant recipient of research grants from the USA. The university’s revenue from American funding sources amounted to SEK 68.6 million in 2014, which is a decrease of 2 per cent compared with the previous year. KI has received government research grants from the National Institutes of Health, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, the US Army and the National Science Foundation. A slight recovery of these funds took place in 2014 (SEK 15.1 million, + 5 per cent). Revenue in 2014 from non-profit organisations and private foundations from USA was at the same level as 2013 (SEK 46.4 million, up 2 per cent).
Funds for strategic research areas KI is active in eight research centres that were funded from the government’s investment in strategic research areas, SFO’s,
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
Photo: Erik Cronberg.
RESEARCH
Research at Karolinska Institutet spans a broad field; from basic experimental research to patient-oriented research and care science.
between 2010 and 2014. Six research centres with a focus on diabetes, neuroscience, care science, cancer, epidemiology and stem cells/regenerative medicine are led by KI. Strategic research funding amounted to SEK 140 million in 2014. Another two SFO initiatives in molecular biosciences (SciLifeLab) and E-science are being led from the Royal Institute of Technology, KTH, in collaboration with KI and other universities. Each research centre aims to develop creative platforms in each of their fields where basic research, clinical research and industry can work together. SFO initiatives will be evaluated in 2015.
Strategic infrastructures It is increasingly clear that modern research needs to work with integrated advanced research infrastructures that can assist researchers with high-quality service. Complex methods and expensive instrumentation are best located at the university where there is a high scientific capacity to maintain good service for the whole country. KI is responsible for several such national facilities and also works with regional facilities, which are mainly used by KI and nearby universities/colleges. Examples of national organisations are in the area of chemical biology, such as Chemical Biology Consortium Sweden, CBCS, which has the remit of offering researchers large-scale studies of how molecules bond to various target proteins. Biobanking and Molecular Resource Infrastructure of Sweden, BBMRI, aims to create a national standard for the collection of biobank samples, along with cost-effective opportunities for long-term storage and analysis of samples. Swedish Infrastructure for Integrated Structural Biology, SWEDSTRUCT, is working to create a cohesive infrastructure for structural biology. A multi-branched infrastructure for research and education in toxicologically related sciences, Swetox, was established and further developed in 2014. Swetox involves a collaboration between eleven universi-
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
ties and one large research/testing facility in Gärtuna, Södertälje. Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab, has continued its national development, which also includes a platform for pharmaceuticals development. SciLifeLab makes it possible for researchers from the whole of Sweden to access modern instruments for technically demanding and large-scale research projects, focusing on studies of the function of genes and proteins.
International Neuroinformatics Coordinating Facility, INCF INCF was established by the OECD in August 2005 for the purposes of developing the field of neuroinformatics (databases and computer modelling) and facilitating the development of different types of standards and other infrastructure. Neuroinformatics is a separate part of bioinformatics, which is very important for the development of knowledge about the function of the nervous system and its psychiatric and neurological diseases. The INCF secretariat has 14 employees, primarily post-doctoral researchers. KI supplies premises and administrative services to INCF. In 2014, INCF worked in the following programme areas: Digital Brain Atlasing, Ontologies for Neural Structures, Multi-scale Modelling and Standards for Data Sharing. The overall aim of the programmes is to create global neuroinformatics standards and interoperability. INCF has initiated and coordinates the Neuroscience Peer Review Consortium, NPRC, which includes most journals in the field. INCF conducts training at the doctoral level in neuroinformatics, both through its own annual introductory course and through the funding of global courses. INCF has also developed INCF Data Space, part of an international cyberinfrastructure for neuroinformatics. More than 150 leading international researchers are involved in INCF’s activities and receive administrative support from the Secretariat.
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RESEARCH
International joint publications 2012–2014 The number of academic articles published by Karolinska Institutet’s researchers in collaboration with one or more researchers from each country or territory. Certain data included herein are derived from the Web of Science ® prepared by THOMSON REUTERS ®, Inc. (Thomson®), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA: © Copyright THOMSON REUTERS ® 2015. All rights reserved.
0 1–10 11–50 51-200 201-1,000 1,000+
Internationalisation Internationalisation initiatives at KI aim to improve quality and diversity in our research, education and administration in order to improve the university’s competitiveness. The concept of internationalisation covers international relations and mobility as well as all activities that add an international dimension to the activities. The map above is an overview of the international co-publications that KI has had with one or more researchers from each country or territory in 2012–2014.
The Rockefeller University (USA) KI works with the Rockefeller University through post-doctoral researcher exchanges, short-term exchanges of technical and academic staff and the series of Nicholson Lectures. The Nicholson Lectures are held alternately at both universities.
Mayo Clinic (USA) Cooperation in research, education, administration and innovation between KI and the Mayo Clinic, USA was celebrated in September, the 20th anniversary, with a large number of participants. For the first time, funding for support activities (administrative grants) was announced – in addition to project and travel grants. In 2014, funds for projects were granted under the collaboration (38 applications, of which 14 were granted), and travel grants (15 applications, of which nine were granted). An application for funds from Strategic Grants for Internationalisation from STINT, the Foundation for the Internationalisation of Education and
36
Research, was approved to the amount of SEK 1 million, which will be used to deepen and develop collaboration.
University of Toronto (Canada) In 2014, the first fellows in the post-doctoral programme for medical elite research, the Mats Sundin Fellowship, started their employment. The programme was made possible by a donation from Mats Sundin, the former professional ice hockey player, to KI and the University of Toronto, and allows one scholar from each university to conduct research at the other university.
University of Singapore and Nanyang Technological University (Singapore) KI has a long-standing partnership with Singapore. During the year, delegations from the National University of Singapore, NUS and Nanyang Technological University, NTU, visited KI to discuss development of their ongoing collaboration. During the visit from NTU, the general letter of intent was renewed between KI and NTU on enhanced cooperation in education, research and postgraduate education. In September, a symposium was organised at KI in collaboration with the Cancer Science Institute, NUS, at which researchers presented current research.
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
RESEARCH
MACEDONIA
LEBANON PALESTINA
MYANMAR
BOTSWANA
Kyoto University ( Japan) In September, the symposium on Comprehensive Control of Cognitive Impairment was arranged in Stockholm. The symposium was a collaboration between Kyoto University, KTH, Uppsala University, Stockholm University and KI. About 60 researchers from Kyoto University participated together with Swedish colleagues.
China KI has collaboration with a number of universities in China. Co-publication takes place with a number of different universities and organisations. An agreement was signed with Shandong University during the year on research collaboration in four shared laboratories in the fields of stem cells, cardiovascular diseases, cancer and global health. The agreement also includes the shortterm exchange of students.
Stellenbosch University (South Africa) KI and Stellenbosch University in South Africa have had formalised collaboration for some years now. During the spring a joint scientific symposium was arranged with Stellenbosch University, with researchers in infection, psychiatry/neuroscience, public health and global health.
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, MUHAS (Tanzania) After Makerere University in Uganda, MUHAS is the university in Africa with which the KI has the largest number of co-publications. In 2014, the collaboration agreement with MUHAS was extended for another five years.
Makerere University (Uganda) KI has more co-publications with Makerere University than any other partner in Africa and has issued more dual degrees in total with Makerere than any other university in the world. An application for a further five years of collaboration between KI and Makerere University was submitted to SIDA during the year.
Equal opportunities A network for equal opportunities at KI called EQ Network was founded during the year. The members work to ensure that opportunities for a career in research at KI are independent of gender and ethnicity. See also the chapter on Staff and skills supply.
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KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET IN SOCIETY – COLLABORATION AND INNOVATION
On 31 March 2014, Aula Medica was filled to the last seat when Bill Gates, an honorary doctor at Karolinska Institutet, lectured on how the world can be liberated from extreme poverty within our lifetime. The moderator was Hans Rosling, Professor of international health at KI.
38
Photo: Gustav Mårtensson.
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET IN SOCIETY – COLLABORATION AND INNOVATION
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET IN SOCIETY – COLLABORATION AND INNOVATION
Karolinska Institutet, KI, collaborates extensively with other higher education institutions, hospitals, government agencies, companies and organisations throughout the world. This collaboration is necessary if KI is to be a successful university. KI has more international collaboration in medicine and health sciences than any other university in Sweden. KI’s single largest partner, Stockholm County Council, SCC, facilitates vitally important clinical research and education. More than half of KI’s activities are conducted in the clinical environment, primarily in hospitals, but also in primary care and elderly care facilities. The areas around KI’s campuses in Solna and Huddinge are constantly being developed as strong nodes for medicine and health research. KI shares its location with Karolinska University Hospital, KI Science Park, Science for Life Laboratory, the Public Health Agency of Sweden and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, ECDC. Stockholm University, Södertörn University and the Royal Institute of Technology, KTH, are the closest universities in Stockholm that KI collaborates with. In 2014, KI and KTH decided on a joint education programme and doctorate degree in medical technology. Eleven universities are behind the initiative at the Swetox centre in Södertälje, with research, education and collaboration in toxicology. In the region we also have close collaboration with Uppsala University, several companies and foundations, including Flemingsberg Science and Stockholm Science City. The latter two are supported by KI with operating grants of SEK 1 million and SEK 500,000 each per year. During the year, KI together with the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences and the Swedish Academy established a platform contributing knowledge and funding to the Nobel Museum. Funds have been donated from the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation and the Erhling-Persson Family Foundation.
Most international collaborations
KI is the academy in Sweden that has the most international collaborations in medicine and health
Innovations
Collaboration with Stockholm County Council The common goal of collaboration between KI and Stockholm County Council, SCC, is improving people’s health through research and education. This provides support for the development of healthcare. Extensive restructuring of healthcare in the Stockholm region requires intensified collaboration between KI and SCC and this takes place at different organisational levels.
Programme 4D – four diagnoses and informatics Programme 4D is an ongoing collaborative project between KI and SCC that aims to create better conditions for care and research in order to quickly transform new knowledge into individualised prevention, early diagnosis and treatment. The four diagnoses in the programme – arthritis, breast cancer, type 2 diabetes and congestive heart failure – represent different medical needs and challenges along the patient’s path through care and research.
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
4D PROGRAMME
4 diagnoses: arthritis, breast cancer, type 2 diabetes and congestive heart failure
39
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET IN SOCIETY – COLLABORATION AND INNOVATION
Management level
The Research Strategy Committee
Management group KI/SCC
Board of Higher Education
The Infrastructure Advisory Committee
Operational level
R & D group/community Collaboration organisation Karolinska Institutet/Stockholm County Council.
The new working methods and models created in 4D for building knowledge in health care and research will be applied to further common diseases and implemented in a large group of individuals and patients, and in preventive care. The programme also includes a project for informatics.
Organisation for the allocation of resources to research, development and education Collaboration for the allocation of RDE (research, development and education) resources is arranged in the collaborative organisation KI/SCC, where the basic concept is to achieve an overall perspective on the use of resources in the first instance. The organisation will overview ALF funds and the RDE funds that SCC allocates for collaboration, the government faculty funds and the government grant for first and second cycle education appropriated to KI. The leadership structure consists of the KI/SCC Management Group and three collaborative organisations for research, education and infrastructure. Collaborative activities are organised in RDE groups made up of the parties involved. Budget preparation takes place mainly in the Research Strategy Committee, the Board of Education and Infrastructure Advisory Committee. The KI/SCC management group submits a comprehensive proposal for the RDE budget regarding the ALF/RDE funds managed by the county council.
Integration of education, research and care The Research Strategy Committee annually announces funds for various activities including clinically-focused medical research and development projects and funds for clinical positions at various levels, such as clinical post-doctoral researchers and clinical researchers. In addition to resources for activities at appropriate units, funds are also distributed to clinical research schools and core facilities, i.e. service units that offer services that are not implemented or carried out by individual research groups.
40
The bulk of resources earmarked for education are used for placements within the medicine programme and the speech therapy programme. Funds are also allocated for teaching-oriented research and development projects and inter-professional medical centres and clinical training centres. In order to take a holistic approach to pre-hospital care, further investment is made in the so-called academic ambulances that follow the same concept as the academic health centres. During the year, four more academic health centres started and they now total eight (see also chapter Bachelor’s and Master’s education – Quality). In addition, work has been started to establish more student halls, clinical training departments and clinical training clinics.
Stockholm’s medical biobank and integrative informatics In 2014 the Infrastructure Advisory Committee made a major effort to build a powerful infrastructure for biobanking in Stockholm. A modern and extensive biobank structure was assessed by the managements of KI and SCC as having great strategic importance for the development of care, research and collaboration with industry. The Infrastructure Advisory Committee was allocated significant resources in a targeted supplement for Biobanking. A joint steering committee was formed for the new structure, which was named the Stockholm Medical Biobank, SMB. The Infrastructure Advisory Committee stated that information management was developing well in several areas important to KI and SCC, but that integration between different areas of informatics had not materialised spontaneously. A laboratory for integrative informatics with two nodes, one focused on care and one on research, was established in 2014 to strengthen the connection between the two. The area of informatics remains high priority. In other respects the Infrastructure Advisory Committee carried out its planned work for the Quality Registries Centre, ORC Stockholm and the development of value-based care.
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET IN SOCIETY – COLLABORATION AND INNOVATION
Photo: Gunnar Ask.
Special communication initiatives KI works purposefully to inform the public sector, industry and the general public about the knowledge being created at the university. The mass media is an important channel for the dissemination of research results to the university’s external target groups and a wider general audience. News media coverage of Karolinska Institutet increased by 18 per cent compared to 2013. The publicity is predominantly positive. KI has been publishing the magazine Medical Science since 1994; it is a quarterly popular science magazine with a current circulation of 23,900. The magazine is available on several digital magazine sites and is also published in the form of an annual collection edition in English. In conjunction with the magazine’s 20th anniversary in 2014, the editors invited readers to an open seminar with lectures and the opportunity to ask questions to researchers. Around 1,000 people attended the event. During the year KI organised another open seminar day in parallel with an open display of the construction site for the hospital, Nya Karolinska Solna, and had about 1,500 visitors. Many of KI’s researchers and teachers are also involved in public debate as the authors of opinion pieces and books, as lecturers and by participating in fairs and conferences. Together with the association Vetenskap & Allmänhet (Public & Science) KI participated in several arrangements in 2014 such as the Book & Library fair, Researchers’ Night in Stockholm and at the Almedal Week in Visby. KI also arranged a seminar in Almedalen in collaboration with the Foundation for Strategic Research on how physical activity affects the body.
A significant proportion of the research that takes place at KI does so in close collaboration with companies, both Swedish and foreign. This allows for an exchange of knowledge and also provides a source of funding. Over the course of 2014, KI received SEK 292 million in funding from companies, of which SEK 94 million came from companies based abroad. KI Science Park and several important centres for collaboration have been established at KI. Science for Life Laboratory, which is a national resource in molecular bio-sciences, is operated jointly by KI, KTH, Uppsala University and Stockholm University and is funded by government appropriations and funds from the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation and AstraZeneca. The establishment of a new centre for translational research in collaboration with AstraZeneca was carried out in 2014. The aim is to conduct preclinical and clinical studies relating to cardiovascular diseases, metabolic disturbances and regenerative medicine. A new position was established at KI in 2014 – the Deputy Vice-Chancellor for innovation and collaboration with industry. A renewed strategic plan for the area was developed. The aim is to coordinate the various innovation bodies within and around KI, develop forms of collaboration and maximise the benefits for KI, its collaboration partners and society at large. Development work is based on the knowledge triangle – research, education and business development – with the entrepreneur at the centre.
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
Helena Nordenstedt, doctor at Danderyd Hospital and researcher at KI, participates on a course on how to treat patients infected with the Ebola virus and how to protect yourself from becoming infected. The course was given at KI three times during autumn 2014 in collaboration with Doctors without Borders, the Public Health Agency of Sweden and the Swedish Civil Contingencies Agency, MSB. Photo: Ulf Sirborn.
Innovation support and collaboration with industry
On 30 August 2014 it was open house at Karolinska Institutet, and at the microscopy station everybody, large and small, was able to take a closer look at the body’s smallest building blocks. Seen here are Douglas and Charlie Deckeman together with the supervisor Jens Magnusson, doctoral student at the department of cell and molecular biology, CMB.
41
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET IN SOCIETY – COLLABORATION AND INNOVATION
An important project based on the knowledge triangle is EIT Health, which is a Knowledge and Innovation Community, KIC, for Healthy Living and Active Aging. EIT Health is a very large consortium with KI and several prominent Swedish and European institutions and companies, which the European Institute for Innovation and Technology, EIT, selected as the winning proposal in 2014. EIT Health will be financed by up to EUR 700 million until 2020. It is planned to establish one of six European ”co-location centres” in Stockholm. For more information on collaborative research projects, see the chapter Research and the table appendix – Revenue 2014, largest sources of funding.
KI Holding AB KI Holding shall acquire, manage and sell shares and participations in wholly or partly owned companies whose purpose is to carry out research and development work, R&D, for commercial exploitation of projects and knowledge developed or originating from activities at Karolinska Institutet, and to carry out other related activities. KI Holding has six wholly-owned subsidiaries: Karolinska Institutet Innovations AB, Karolinska Institutet Science Park AB, Karolinska Institutet Housing AB, Karolinska Institutet University Press AB, and two dormant companies. Karolinska Institutet Holding AB is electorally (25.6 per cent) the largest owner and in equity (6.8 per cent) is the third largest owner of Karolinska Development AB.
The innovation system Companies, researchers or students who wish to collaborate or develop innovative ideas, whether they can be commercialised or otherwise, are offered the support of KI’s innovation system. The vision is to utilise science-based knowledge in medicine and health, such as new products or services. The innovation system strengthens translational capability and contributes to a more professional interaction between academic research and education and industrial enterprise.
Research and education in innovation and entrepreneurship KI conducts research and education in innovation and entrepreneurship through the Unit for BioEntrepreneurship, UBE. A two-year Master’s programme is offered, among others. UBE is an academic unit at KI which may also be seen as the first proactive link in KI’s innovation system. UBE collaborates with a number of companies and organisations in the context of courses and programmes. Multidisciplinary studies are arranged at the Stockholm School of Entrepreneurship, an academic collaboration between KI, the Stockholm School of Economics, KTH, the University College of Arts, Crafts and Design, and Stockholm University. With support from the Swedish Agency for Economic and Regional Growth, a three-year project concluded in 2014 with the implementation of entrepreneurship in KI’s first and second cycle programmes. An extension has been initiated for department management and university management. Research in innovation and entrepreneurship at KI aim to increase the level of knowledge and the development of innovation systems. Examples of research projects include patent mapping and the creation of a patent database, the hospital’s role in innovation and open innovation between industry and academia.
42
Concept advice and cooperation with industry KI has run an innovation office since 2010 that carries out activities focusing on support optimisation of research-based knowledge in medicine and health on behalf of the government. The innovation office provides a comprehensive and integrated service aimed at researchers, students and companies. In 2014 there were 103 concept advice cases handled at the innovation office. There were 44 cases of company collaboration with already established research at KI during the year involving both large and small companies, of which ten cases led to more concrete collaboration and/or an agreement. The Innovation Office participates in several regional and national projects that aim to improve conditions for the utilisation of ideas and knowledge. Activities at the Innovation Office are financed by special government funds of SEK 7.6 million and SEK 1.1 million from core funding at KI.
KI’s incubator Karolinska Institutet Innovations AB is KI’s incubator, offering commercial advice and project management. This is where ideas and inventions based on research, primarily from researchers at KI, are evaluated. In 2014 KI Innovations examined 44 ideas and inventions. KI Innovations is responsible for allocating funding from Vinnova to evaluate the commercial potential of promising research findings. At the end of 2014, there were 50 active commercial projects, most of which were not owned by KI Innovations. More than 1,450 ideas and inventions have been evaluated since the company was founded in 1996.
KI’s business park KI’s own business park offers premises in a business development environment on the Solna and Huddinge campuses. KI Science Park has 82 companies with 635 employees and emerged from KI’s research, healthcare and mature companies which chose to localise close to KI. The business park acts as a growth and meeting place for the companies and their stakeholders. In order to support the companies’ development, KI Science Park offers a medicine and life science focused mentor programme, seminars, workshops and a business development programme.
Karolinska Development AB (publ) – an independent investment company Karolinska Development aims to create value for patients, researchers, investors and society by developing innovations from world class science into differentiated products that can be partnered. At 31 December 2014 the portfolio consisted of 21 companies, of which 15 pharmaceutical projects were in clinical development stage and several technology products were launched on the market. Karolinska Development B shares have been quoted on NASDAQ OMX Stockholm since April 2011.
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET IN SOCIETY – COLLABORATION AND INNOVATION
85
82
KI Science Park has
Adjunct Professors
companies with 635 employees
at Karolinska Institutet
The innovation system Unit for Bioentrepreneurship
The Innovation Office
Karolinska Institutet Innovations AB
Karolinska Institutet Science Park AB
Karolinska Development AB
Research and education in entrepreneurship
Support for private sector collaboration, information and guidance in innovation issues
Incubator. Support for commercialisations and corporatisations. Licensing. Mature companies are sold to market participants, including Karolinska Development AB
Provides premises, installations and Facility Management for companies in medicine and life sciences
Investment firm with a company portfolio, several originating from KI Innovations AB
Selected key indicators for collaboration
2011
2012
2013
2014
A. Externally financed research, total (SEK million) – from companies, total (SEK million) – from overseas companies (SEK million)
2,792 250 79
2,935 241 73
3,040 268 85
3,202 292 94
422 129
395 124
291 131
251 110
69 17
63 14
56 8
69 11
235
250
241
304
71 51
75 56
84 64
85 67
F. Doctoral students employed in the private sector and public organisations (annual working units)
446
455
479
500
G. EU projects (FP6, FP7 och EU health programme) – as coordinator
222 31
234 21
229 19
202 15
H. Ideas/advice/cases treated at KI Innovations AB and the Innovation Office
157
178
123
139
I. KI Innovations AB active projects at turn of year
13
11
30
50
J. Companies within KI Science Park
65
63
70
82
B. Contract research (SEK million) – from companies, total (SEK million) C. Contract education, total revenue (SEK million) – from companies, total (SEK million) D. Contract education (FTE students) E. Adjunct Professors (total number) – of which are financed by Stockholm County Council
K. Employed by companies within KI Science Park
580
420
575
635
L. Scientific articles, percentage co-published with parties outside of KI (%)
84
83
85
84
M. Scientific articles, percentage co-published with international parties (%)
62
63
63
63
Sources: A–C: The financial system Agresso, D: The student database Ladok, E: KI Recruitment Unit, F: The student database Ladok, G: Grants Office, H–K: Data from respective operations, L, M: Web of Science/KI University Library.
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
43
COMMON TO THE ENTIRE ORGANISATION
COMMON TO THE ENTIRE ORGANISATION
44
Photo: Ulf Sirborn.
A lot has happened on the construction site for Karolinska Institutet’s new research laboratory Biomedicum since the first turf cut in September 2013. When Biomedicum is completed in 2018, the new building will gather a large part of experimental research on the Solna campus under one roof.
COMMON TO THE ENTIRE ORGANISATION
Photo: Ulf Sirborn.
Provision of expertise and equal opportunities The ability to attract, recruit and develop talented employees is of crucial importance for activities at KI continuing to develop and to strengthen its competitiveness as an internationally successful university.
In order to strengthen our potential in competition for labour, KI must be seen as an attractive workplace. It is not sufficient to offer good career and development opportunities and good employment conditions; we must also offer a good work environment and a committed leadership that encourages development. Employees should feel pride, motivation and commitment in their work and should want to recommend KI as a workplace. In spring 2014, Strategy 2018 laid down objectives and strategies for how the university should develop in the next few years. This involves major challenges in the HR sphere, with a focus on the development of leadership, employeeship, the work environment and recruitment. In autumn 2014 a staff survey was carried out which showed that KI generally functions well as an organisation and a workplace. Efforts still need to be made to improve KI as a workplace. Several initiatives were carried out or initiated in 2014 to address this issue.
Human resources report In October 2014, KI had 4,976 employees, corresponding to 4,283 full-time equivalent (FTE) employees. This is an increase of 4.4 per cent (190 FTEs) on the same period in the previous year. All staff categories increased with the exception of professors. Apart from employees, a large number of people who are not formally employed are involved in work at KI. These are mainly visiting researchers, those on scholarships and unpaid docents. In addition there are staff from the county council such as nurses, physiotherapists, doctors etc. in education and research. The number of doctoral students in employment has increased to 650 FTEs (595 in 2013). At the same time, the number of doctoral students with training grants decreased to 295 FTEs (375 in 2013). Of these, 71 combined their doctoral studies with an assistant’s post, which is a slight increase on the previous year. Staff turnover is unchanged compared with the previous year, i.e. 11 per cent for permanently employed staff and 21 per cent in total for both permanent and temporary staff, including doctoral students.
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
Photos: Erik Cronberg.
An attractive workplace in which to develop
4,976 EMPLOYEES
367 PROFESSORS
45
COMMON TO THE ENTIRE ORGANISATION
Newly employed professors and senior lecturers
had employment periods extended as adjunct professor, of which 13 were women. In October 2014, adjunct professors employed were equivalent to just over 20 FTEs. KI employed 17 new senior lecturers during the year, of which 11 were women. Most of these positions were initiated within the framework of a universitywide scheme to strengthen research links within certain study programmes. In addition 18 people, of which 12 were women, were employed as assistant senior lecturers. In October 2014 all assistant senior lecturers employed corresponded to just over 8 FTEs.
During the year KI employed 11 new professors, including five women, after advertising and expert assessment. In addition three senior researchers, of which one is a woman, have been employed as professors. The university has also recruited five internationally prominent and successful professors, of which one is a woman, through the procedure for offering a chair. KI has received funding from the Swedish Research Council for four of these recruitments. Eight people, including two women, were employed as visiting professors and 33 people have been newly employed or
Proportion of women among PROFESSORS
Proportion of women among
Proportion of women in ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF
DOCTORAL STUDENTS
28%
79%
59%
FTE employees, various categories of staff 2011–2014
2011
2012
2013
Change 2013–2014 (%)
2014
Number
Women (%)
Number
Women (%)
Number
Women (%)
Number
Women (%)
Professor, pre-clinical
203
27
214
29
222
28
221
28
0
Professor, clinical
144
23
153
24
151
27
146
27
-3
Senior lecturer, pre-clinical
134
62
122
62
109
64
110
62
1
38
44
37
41
41
47
47
48
17
Research associate
165
52
161
51
149
53
161
52
8
Lecturer
166
75
159
75
155
74
159
75
3
Researcher
741
54
793
53
838
53
886
52
6
Doctoral student
544
64
572
64
595
64
650
59
9
Administrative staff
971
83
913
84
960
81
1,018
79
6
Senior lecturer, clinical
Technical staff
1,003
71
1,068
69
1,063
67
1,075
67
1
Total
4,109
65
4,192
64
4,283
63
4,473
62
4
Note: The figures above include all employees, regardless of full-time/part-time or length of their employment, but exclude those in assistant posts in combination with educational grants and adjunct teachers. Employees on leave of absence, parental leave, sick leave, early retirement etc. are not included. With regard to the number of employees, only those on full-time leave of absence (rather than parental and sick leave) have been omitted. The calculation of FTEs, however, does not include staff on sick or parental leave, in accordance with Statistics Sweden’s instructions. The figures for all employees (FTEs and total) refer to October 2014. Source: Primula.
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KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
COMMON TO THE ENTIRE ORGANISATION
Staff gender distribution
Doctorates
Gender distribution overall in 2014 is slightly more even, but remains at approximately two-thirds women. Among professors the gender balance is at the same level as 2013, i.e. 28 per cent of professors are women. The largest change in percentage took place among doctoral students in employment and administrative staff.
The number and proportion of teachers with doctorates continues to increase. This group includes professors, senior lecturers, research assistants and lecturers. Only the group of lecturers has teachers without doctorates.
Gender distribution in various staff categories Professor = 367
Number of teachers with doctorates and proportion of all teachers 2011–2014 (FTE employees)
Senior Lecturer = 158 Postdoctoral fellow = 161 Lecturer = 159 Senior Research Fellow
= 886
Doctoral student = 650 Administrative staff = 1,018 Technical staff = 1,075 800
600
400
200
0
200
400
Women (total 2,754)
600
800
Men (total 1,719)
Year
Number of doctorates
Proportion of total (%)
2011
707
84
2012
714
84
2013
717
87
2014
739
88
Source: Primula.
Source: Primula.
Newly appointed professors and lecturers 2011–2014 2011
2012
Women Number (%)
2013
Women Number (%)
2014
Women Number (%)
Number
Women (%)
Professor Professor
32
37
24
33
23
26
19
36
Visiting professor
3
0
3
0
3
0
8
25
Adjunct professor
18
28
9
44
13
38
13
46
Total
53
32
36
33
39
28
40
37
49
74
19
47
12
100
17
64
Senior lecturer Senior lecturer Adjunct senior lecturer
13
46
5
40
5
60
6
0
Total
62
68
24
46
17
88
23
47
A5, promoted professors included in years 2011–2013 A10, promoted university lecturers included in years 2011–2013 Source: Primula.
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
47
COMMON TO THE ENTIRE ORGANISATION
Work environment and employment conditions
Health promotion activities
A good work environment and good employment conditions are essential for an efficient and attractive workplace. KI took several major initiatives during the year in the areas of occupational healthcare, employeeship, health promotion and salaries.
During the year, KI decided to plan their own training facilities on the Huddinge campus for students and employees. Efforts continue at the Solna campus to find suitable premises. The KI race has been a popular event for employees for many years. Students have also been welcome to participate since 2014. There were about 350 keen contestants in the starting field for this year’s KI race.
Staff survey
Managerial and leadership development
In the autumn of 2014 KI conducted a staff survey. On a general level, the results showed that KI’s employees feel that they have good working conditions. In many areas the index values lie above average in comparison to other universities. In total, 4,603 people answered the survey, giving a response rate of 75 per cent. Organisation, leadership and the work environment are all areas that work well, according to the survey. The proportion of employees who say they have been victimised or discriminated in other ways has dropped from 7 per cent to 4 per cent compared with the previous employee survey conducted in 2011. There is a zero vision in this area and we are pleased to see the trend is moving in the right direction. Other areas of development include knowledge of the overall goals, ability to influence decisions, administrative support systems, and to what extent employees recommend KI as a workplace. In November, work was started with action plans to reinforce the positive issues from the staff survey and correct what is not working well.
KI’s basic programme for leadership development in 2014 remained largely unchanged compared with the previous year. Roughly one in five of KI’s managers and leaders took part in some form of leadership programme, in addition to the course on salary setting. KI has ongoing collaboration with universities in Stockholm on various development initiatives for managers and leaders. KI also started drawing up new programmes in leadership development for leaders at different levels during the year.
Service for incoming and outgoing employees International recruitment and the increased number of incoming and outgoing employees place high demands on management and information. Visiting Researcher Services arranged a number of briefings for department staff, doctoral students and researchers. Other areas of focus included the compilation of information, information via newsletters and the website, advisory work for departments and more support for individual recruitments.
Photo: Gunnar Ask.
Health promotion at Karolinska Institutet arranged the KI race on Solna campus on 24 September 2014. Both staff and students were invited to walk or run the four-kilometre race, eagerly encouraged by colleagues or fellow students.
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KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
COMMON TO THE ENTIRE ORGANISATION
Equal opportunities KI’s work on equal opportunities is based on discrimination legislation and discrimination on grounds of gender, transgender identity or expression, ethnicity, religion or other faith, disability, sexual orientation or age. Work with equal opportunities includes skills enhancement for students, doctoral students, managers and employees in general. Among the larger arrangements made was a workshop on domination technique, communication and the work environment. The council for equal opportunities has also organised a lecture on the theme of ”Diversity or simplicity.”
Network for equal opportunities A network for equal opportunities at KI, called EQ Network, was founded during the year. It is one of the measures in the KI Action Plan for Equal Opportunities 2012-2015. Everyone is welcome to take part in the network - students, researchers and employees in general. The members work to ensure that opportunities for a career in research at KI are independent of gender and ethnicity, to take two examples. The network organises seminars and workshops and disseminates information through newsletters.
Recruitment targets for professors
Photo: Gunnar Ask.
The proportion of women among newly appointed professors during the year was 33 per cent, compared with 24 per cent last year. The proportion is expected to increase in 2015 as a result of special initiatives. During the period 2012-2014, the proportion of women among newly appointed professors was 29 per cent. In KI’s appropriation document for the financial year 2012, the Ministry of Education established a recruitment goal for the university stating that at least 47 per cent of the professors employed during the period 2012-2015 should be women. To achieve this goal, a specific action plan was implemented during the year. The action plan includes financial support for departments who employ a woman as professor or visiting professor, quality assurance of the recruitment process, special KI partial financing funds for women supervisors and skills enhancement programmes.
On the initiative of the student unions, Queerolinska KI 2014 attended the Pride Parade to publicise the university’s work for diversity and against prejudice and discrimination.
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
49
COMMON TO THE ENTIRE ORGANISATION
Infrastructure If 2013 was the year when several new buildings were completed, 2014 was the year for planning and design of more major, long-term investments in line with Strategy 2018, adopted during the year. The largest single investment is the new research laboratory Biomedicum and the new premises for Comparative Medicine at Solna campus. In Huddinge a large boost is planned in the form of improved and expanded research facilities under the project name of Future Laboratory. Neighbours will include the Karolinska University Hospital, in Huddinge, the building that is already under construction for the Royal Institute of Technology, KTH, and the Red Cross University College. During the year, KI’s premises expanded by 4,000 sq.m. of fully equipped research facilities in Södertälje in the wake of AstraZeneca’s downsizing. In the autumn the Swedish Toxicology Sciences Research Center, Swetox, was inaugurated, which is a new centre for education and research into chemicals, health and the environment. Operations are carried out in collaboration with ten other Swedish universities. In order to improve the chances of recruiting long-distance students and visiting scientists, accommodation is being planned on the Solna campus. It will be ready no earlier than autumn 2016. The intention is for KI to lease all 400 apartments and let them to students and visiting scientists.
Learning environments The renewal of learning environments – lecture halls and seminar rooms as well as informal settings – continued in 2014 in Solna and Huddinge. The transformation will take place in accordance with the concept for future learning environments developed by KI and SCC in collaboration. At the same time, more planning is underway for new initiatives in 2015, mainly in Huddinge.
Area and costs of premises 2008–2014
Year
Area (sq.m.)
Cost (SEK million)
Proportion of total cost (%)
2008
186,489
503
12
2009
198,009
553
12
2010
204,494
565
11
2011
200,859
586
11
2012
213,881
667
12
2013
218,870
741
13
2014
220,628
763
13
Costs for premises include rent, electricity, media, cleaning etc. Source: KI real estate system and Agresso.
Biomedicum
Image: Berg | C.F. Møller Architects.
Construction and detail planning of the Biomedicum project take place in parallel and the concrete frame has now begun to stretch upwards. In 2014, the five departments that will move into Biomedicum worked with the details of the research premises, consisting of 26 laboratory blocks of almost 30,000 sq.m. In connection with the construction of Biomedicum, new premises are also being built for Comparative Medicine with supporting facilities for research. The total floor space amounts to 55,000 sq.m., which is expected to be put into service in the first half of 2018.
Future Laboratory and Neo
50
Biomedicum at Campus Solna (image above) and Neo at Campus Huddinge (image below). The objective is to create modern facilities for research and education that will lead to increased collaboration between departments and clinics.
Image: Tengbom
The Future Laboratory project is being planned for the Huddinge campus with a completion date of 2017. The goal is to create modern facilities for research and education that will lead to increased interaction and collaboration between departments and clinics. The planning includes the future research building, Neo, with about 15,000 sq.m., as well as the renovation of several floors in existing premises of about 10,000 sq.m. The construction will result in advanced facilities for experimental research, corresponding to Biomedicum on Solna campus. In addition to pure research facilities, rooms for teaching, conferences and examinations are also being planned in Neo. The estimated start of construction for both new construction and renovation is autumn 2015.
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
COMMON TO THE ENTIRE ORGANISATION
Sustainable development According to the vision in Strategy 2018 Karolinska Institutet, KI, significantly contributes to the improvement of human health. Good public health is both a prerequisite and a goal for sustainable development. In addition, KI contributes to sustainable development by taking environmental and social responsibility in its daily activities. A large part of the university’s sustainability work is carried out within the framework of KI’s environmental and sustainability management system, which aims at meeting the requirements of the international standard ISO 14001.
In 2014, KI completed a project in promoting
A greener, more flexible IT environment
Research and education for sustainable development Strategy 2018 was approved during the year, which states that KI must safeguard the freedom of research, and our activities are to be characterised by a strong social commitment and contribution to sustainable development within and outside Sweden’s borders through our education and research. In 2014 KI made efforts to increase knowledge and awareness of sustainability dimensions among students at all levels, as well as teachers and supervisors. KI was involved in regional and national collaboration with other universities in the ongoing effort to incorporate sustainable development into education and research. For example, KI held an interdisciplinary doctoral dialogue on the theme of sustainable development and health in cooperation with the Royal Institute of Technology, KTH, in autumn 2014.
The project Future Learning Environments is based on teaching and learning research, with the goal of ensuring that learning environments at Karolinska Institutet’s campuses will create the best possible conditions for education of the highest quality.
Sustainable campus
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
Photo: Andreas Beronius.
In 2014, KI completed several projects and measures to promote the environment and sustainable development. A selection of these is presented below. KI is promoting a greener, more flexible IT environment. One example of this is KI’s virtual server platform, which leads to reduced power consumption. Another example is the new standard for client computers. When buying new computers, two or three standard ”green” computers are offered. The use of web-conference tools has increased in recent years, both in the number of users and the number of meeting rooms created for virtual meetings. KI is looking into further development of energy efficiency measures in our existing premises together with the property owner, Akademiska Hus. The KI rules for procurement were revised in 2014 to ensure that sustainability aspects are taken into account in all procurements. Another important area is the environmental activities at the departments, for example aiming at reducing the amount of hazardous substances used in laboratories.
51
FINANCIAL REPORT
FINANCIAL REPORT
52
Photo: Erik Cronberg.
Karolinska Institutet’s finances remain strong and the turnover increased by 6.2 per cent to almost SEK 6.2 billion in 2014. Research activities continued to dominate, representing approximately 83 per cent of the university’s total turnover.
FINANCIAL REPORT
6.2 KI:s turnover in 2014
SEK billion
Karolinska Institutet’s (KI) finances remain strong. This year’s turnover, measured in revenues, is SEK 6,156 million (SEK 5,796 million), which is an increase of SEK 360 million or 6.2% compared to 2013. The largest increase is in the category of external grants for research, showing an increase of SEK 215.4 million (SEK 144.5 million) compared with 2013. Research activity is still dominant and accounts for approximately 83% of the total turnover, as in previous years. The positive change in capital for the year amounted to a total of SEK 62.6 million (SEK 7.6 million), of which KI activities accounted for SEK 78.3 million (- SEK 1.2 million) and Karolinska Institutet Holding AB accounted for minus SEK 15.7 million (SEK 8.5 million). The agency capital will, over the next few years, become an important resource in the financing of new investment and increased rents in newly built premises.
Karolinska Institutet’s revenue for 2014, SEK 6,156 million in total (SEK 5,796 million)
1% 4%
7% 1%
7% 45 % 16 %
5% 14 % Direct government funding 45 % (46 %) Research councils 14 % (14 %)
Funding
Other government agencies 5 % (7 %)
KI’s activities are financed as shown in the diagram to the right, divided into sources of funding. There are percentage increases in the two categories of foundations and organisations. Both the Swedish and the foreign organisations increased their share, while direct government funding and other government agencies decreased in relation to others. The largest individual sources of external funding are listed in the appendix, table 5.
Foreign foundations and organisations 7 % (6 %)
Swedish foundations and organisations 16 % (14 %) Swedish companies 4 % (4 %) Foreign companies 1 % (1 %) Municipalities and county councils 7 % (7 %) Financial income 1 % (1 %)
The source of information in this section is the financial system Agresso, unless otherwise specified. Last year’s figures in brackets.
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
53
FINANCIAL REPORT
Bachelor’s and Master’s education total SEK million 2011
2012
2013
2014
Revenue
Education at Bachelor’s and Master’s level Revenue
Direct government funding
805.5
833.1
874.8
870.6
Fees and other remunerations
100.0
100.6
97.3
118.0
20.6
19.8
18.9
18.5
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
926.2
953.6
991.0
1,007.1
488.2
507.7
483.4
559.9
99.0
109.2
100.4
121.9
Grants Financial income Total revenue
Expenses Staff costs Premises costs Other operating expenses
318.1
335.7
350.3
340.1
Financial costs
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.1
Depreciation
17.9
12.2
15.7
7.8
923.5
965.0
949.9
1,029.9
Government funding
7.3
7.6
7.6
4.5
Funding from other government agencies
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Other funding
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.4
-7.3
-7.6
-7.7
-4.9
Total expenses
Transfers
Grants distributed Change in capital For the year
2.6
-11.4
41.1
-22.8
Balance brought forward
136.5
139.1
127.8
168.9
Total (balance carried forward)
139.1
127.8
168.9
146.1
KI exceeded the framework of the funding cap through the settlement for full-time equivalent (FTE) students and annual performance equivalents (APEs) in 2014. By using all the previous government grant savings, KI was able to finance the education activities with further SEK 19.4 (30.4) million. The government appropriation has been adjusted for prices and salaries by 2.06% (0.57%). Since the government made a general saving on the cap as well as on compensation levels, the real price and salary adjustment was 1.92%. Revenues under the item Fees and other remuneration increased by SEK 20.7 million in comparison with 2013, mainly due to increased commissioned education, SEK 14.3 million. Revenues from grants consist mostly of grants from other government agencies transferred to KI for activities in the field of education, in accordance with the appropriations document.
Expenses Overall, this year’s expenses increased by SEK 80 million compared with 2013. Education activities account for approximately 17% of KI’s total expenses. Staff costs increased by 15.8% compared with last year. A reallocation of staff costs between education and research was made during the year. This negatively affected education costs. The increase in KI’s total staff costs compared with 2013 is 4.6%. There was no salary review in 2014. The increase in costs for educational premises is mainly due to a correction of the previous year’s incorrectly charged costs of approximately SEK 22 million. Research activities were corrected by a corresponding reduction. Financial costs consist of the item Interest on overdue payments. The difference in depreciation is due to a correction of approximately minus SEK 7 million due to the previous years’ incorrect charges. A correction was made in 2014. Apart from the correction, depreciation is at the same level as the previous year.
1.0
Education revenue in 2014
SEK billion
54
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
FINANCIAL REPORT
Research and education at doctoral level Revenue Research revenue for the year amounted to SEK 5,148.9 million (SEK 4,804.8 million). The direct government funding increased by SEK 156.7 million or 8.9% compared with 2013, as in the appropriations document. The government appropriation has been adjusted for prices and salaries by 2.06% (0.57%). Fees and other remuneration decreased by SEK 11.1 million compared to the previous year. Amended procedures in the processing of rent invoicing in research activities affected the figure by minus SEK 27 million. The largest increase is in the item Revenues from grants, which increased by SEK 215.4 million or 9.0%. A larger share of external resources funded research in 2014 compared with the previous year. The Swedish Research Council is behind an increase in revenues of approximately SEK 169 million compared with 2013. Other increases are found in the funding category Foundations and organisations, where in particular grant revenues from the Erling-Persson Family Foundation and the Wallenberg Foundations increased significantly. Financial revenues decreased in 2014, mainly due to the lower interest rate, SEK 15.3 million (SEK 32.1 million) on the balance in the interest account with the National Debt Office and the annual average Interest rate on the account with the National Debt Office was 0.47% (1.01%).
Expenses Total expenses for the year increased by SEK 200.7 million or 4.1% compared with 2013. Staff costs increased in total by SEK 61.5 million or 2.5% compared with the previous year. There was no salary review during the year. KI’s premises at the end of the year amounted to 220,628 sq.m. (218,870 sq.m.) an increase of 0.8%. Costs for premises in research activities do not appear to have increased in 2014; this is influenced by a cost correction of approximately SEK 22 million between research and education activities. Refer to the corresponding section under Bachelor’s and Master’s education. Increased Other operating expenses, 7.4%, is a result of expansion of activities and the increase is mainly in the cost category Purchase of services. Financial costs consist primarily of the items Interest expense in the National Debt Office, SEK 2.6 million (SEK 5.0 million), and currency losses SEK 7.9 million (SEK 3.6 million). Despite an increase in borrowing for investments this year, interest expenses decreased due to lower interest rates on loans from the National Debt Office. The annual average interest rate in 2014 was 0.47% (1.01%). Exchange rate losses were mainly attributable to currency hedging of SEK 4.3 million (SEK 0.5 million) and SEK 2.6 million(SEK 3.1 million) is due to a stronger exchange rate, in particular for the US dollar and the Euro, linked to supplier invoices. Depreciation increased, mainly due to increased investments in interior fixtures and fittings and equipment related to new buildings that have been put into use over the course of the year.
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
Research and doctoral education (including asset management) SEK million 2011
2012
2013
2014
Revenue Direct government funding
1,630.1 1,732.4 1,762.8 1,919.5
Fees and other remunerations
641.0
Grants
670.1
612.2
601.1
2,077.6 2,234.6 2,379.1 2,594.5
Financial income
65.6
Total revenue
54.9
50.7
33.8
4,414.3 4,692.0 4,804.8 5,148.9
Expenses Staff costs
2,265.2 2,363.5 2,507.0 2,568.5
Premises costs
486.7
Other operating expenses
557.7
640.8
640.7
1,326.7 1,433.2 1,494.2 1,604.5
Financial costs
28.3
8.9
9.5
11.7
Depreciation
157.2
177.8
195.6
222.3
Total expenses
4,264.1 4,541.1 4,847.1 5,047.8
Transfers Government funding
13.2
12.2
13.4
12.5
Funding from other government agencies
29.6
34.7
42.2
40.5
Other funding
82.9
84.7
86.9
90.9
-125.7
-131.6
-142.5
-143.9
-42.3
101.1
Grants distributed
Change in capital For the year
150.2
150.9
Balance brought forward
813.3
954.5 1,105.4 1,063.2
Total (balance carried forward)
963.5 1,105.4 1,063.2 1,164.3
5.1
Research revenue in 2014
SEK billion
55
FINANCIAL REPORT
Loans at the National Debt Office Each year new loans are taken in the National Debt Office for facilities that are funded by direct government funding. New investments were made in 2014 equivalent to SEK 205.2 million and depreciation amounted to SEK 134.3 million. Total loan debt in the National Debt Office is SEK 612.1 million. The annual average interest rate in 2014 was 0.47% (1.01%).
Distribution of investment fund portfolio
19.5 % 34.6 % 0.7 %
Agency capital Accumulated agency capital, including the change in capital for the year, amounted to SEK 1,358.8 million (SEK 1,296.2 million). Subsidiaries is attributed for SEK 48.6 million (SEK 64.3 million), asset management SEK 53.9 million (SEK 31.5 million) and core activities SEK 1,256.3 million (SEK 1,200.4 million).
Asset management
7.8 %
37.5 %
Karolinska Institutet manages individual donations intended for medical science at KI. Donations are divided into: Interest-bearing securities 19.5 %
1. Funds, which are included in the accounts of KI. 2. Independent foundations, that are their own legal entities with administration linked to KI. For funds that are managed and reported within KI, both yield and capital may be utilised. The Independent foundations are individual legal entities and issue their own separate annual reports. Any yield the foundations distribute to KI is included as external grants in KI’s accounts. Summaries of KI’s foundations’ accounts are shown in order to provide a complete picture of KI’s donated assets, regardless of their legal format.
Funds Growth of invested funds during 2014 At the end of the year, the market value of the fund portfolio reported in KI capital management amounted to SEK 249.7 million (SEK 270.7 million). In 2014, net outflow (the difference between purchased and sold funds) were minus SEK 48.4 million (- SEK 14.3 million) and the change in value was SEK 27.4 million (SEK 25.7 million). The managed fund portfolio is invested at 45.3% (38.6%) in Swedish and foreign equity funds, and 20.2% (33.4%) in Swedish fixed income assets. Alternative investments account for 34.6% (28.0%) of the portfolio.
Cash 0.7 % Global equity funds 37.5 % Swedish equity funds 7.8 % Alternative investments 34.6 %
Yield The total yield of the portfolio was 15.4% in 2014. The relative yield compared to the market index was plus 0.4 percentage points. The positive outcome is attributable in particular to this year’s positive yield from global equity funds, as well as alternative investments.
Yield in per cent compared with the reference index KI's funds Reference index
2011
2012
2013
2014
-3.8
6.4
9.8
15.4
0.9
6.9
12.6
15.0
Yield is stated net, i.e. including dividends and deductions for administrative costs. Share indices are stated inclusive of reinvested dividends.
Indices used for comparison in 2014
56
Swedish fixed interest
OMRX Bond
30%
Shares
MS CI World Net Div (SEK)
40%
Alternative Investments
OMRX T-Bill + 3%
30%
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
FINANCIAL REPORT
KI Foundations
Dividend from KI’s funds
70.2 SEK million
Associated foundations
192 Dividend from KI’s funds In 2014, SEK 70.2 million was allocated to core activities within KI, according to purpose as shown in the table below.
There are 192 (216) associated foundations that issue annual accounts and reports that are separate to that of the agency. No new foundations were established in 2014. Twenty-four foundations have been wound up following decisions, either from the Swedish Legal, Financial and Administrative Services Agency or KI’s Board of Research, that all of the assets may be released with the aim of fulfilling the foundation’s purpose. New donations totalling SEK 2.9 million were invested in existing foundations (SEK 17.3 million). The value of the foundations’ assets, SEK 1,605 million, increased by SEK 207 million or 14.8% compared with 2013 after dividends but including new donations. The foundation value at the end of the year consisted of Swedish shares 19% (19%), foreign shares 46% (42%), alternative investments 19% (19%), interest bearing securities 16% (19%) and cash 0% (0.5%). During the year, SEK 32.7 million was distributed to KI from the foundations, SEK 4.6 million (SEK 2.2 million) of which consisted of released restricted assets. The purpose and direction of the grant is determined by the aim of each foundation. For foundations with associated administration, KI received remuneration of SEK 1.0 million (SEK 1.0 million) for administrative costs.
Dividend from KI’s funds (SEK million) Research grants Travel grants Bachelor’s and Master’s education
2011
2012
2013
2014
44.8
35.1
61.4
69.5
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
Foundations (SEK million) 1.1
0.1
0.4
0.1
Other
20.0
20.0
5.3
0
Total
66.5
55.8
67.7
70.2
Asset value
2011
2012
2013
2014
1,166
1,235
1,398
1,605
45.1
35.8
29.6
32.7
Grants awarded*
*Amounts for 2011 are adjusted with regard to research grants to KI from external foundations. They were incorrectly reported here previously.
External resources to asset management In 2014, KI received a total of SEK 70.3 million (SEK 82.3 million) from external donations. Individual donations of SEK 2.0 million or more are reported below.
Research purpose
Donor
Medical research and docoral education
Gustaf and Tyra Svensson Memorial Fund
14.5
Professorship in clinical medical research
Torsten and Ragnar Söderberg Foundations
10.0
Professorship in clinical treatment
Meda AB
7.0
Cognitive neuroscience
Stichting af Jochnick Foundation
5.0
Support för young research assistants
Hållsten Research Foundation
4.0
Scientific research primarily concerning cancer
Sune och Charlotta Hays Foundation
3.3
Support for young gifted researchers
William K. Bowes Jr. Foundation
2.6
Haematology research
Dr Åke Olsson’s Foundation for Haematological Research
2.5
Support for Dr. Igor Adameyko sresearch
Hållsten Research Foundation
2.0
Investor's Professorship in Innovative Care
Investor AB
2.0
Tobias Award
Tobias Foundation
2.0
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
Amount (SEK million)
57
FINANCIAL REPORT
Statement of financial performance (SEK in thousands) Outcome
Outcome
01/01/2014
01/01/2013
31/12/2014
31/12/2013
2,790,123
2,637,584
719,165
709,537
2,612,920
2,397,965
Operating revenue Direct government funding Fees and other remuneration Grants Financial income
33,817
50,730
6,156,024
5,795,816
-3,128,457
-2,990,305
-762,632
-741,187
-1,944,673
-1,844,491
Financial costs
-11,819
-9,649
Depreciation
-230,119
-211,369
-6,077,700
-5,797,001
78,324
-1,184
-15,683
8,825
2,306
2,186
-2,267
-2,219
39
-34
Funding received from the Government budget for the financing of grants
17,005
20,984
Funding received from Government agencies for the financing of grants
40,496
42,404
Other funding received for the financing of grants
91,391
86,906
-148,892
-150,294
0
0
62,680
7,606
Total revenue Operating expenses Staff costs Premises costs Other operating expenses
Total expenses Operating profit/loss Profit/loss from holdings in associated companies and subsidiary Collection of general revenue Revenue from fees etc. and other revenue not at the authority’s disposal General revenue transferred to the Government budget Balance Transfers
Grants distributed Balance
CHANGE IN CAPITAL FOR THE YEAR
58
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
FINANCIAL REPORT
Balance sheet (SEK in thousands) ASSETS
31/12/2014
31/12/2013
Capitalised expenditure for development
6,002
5,199
Rights and other intangible fixed assets
4,187
3,528
10,190
8,727
26,061
34,327
824,764
827,873
81,590
44,472
932,415
906,672
Intangible fixed assets
Total intangible fixed assets Tangible fixed assets Expenditure for improvements to leased property Machinery, equipment, installations etc. Fixed assets under construction Total tangible fixed assets Financial fixed assets Holdings in associated companies and subsidiary
48,599
64,282
199,421
226,139
248,021
290,421
Accounts receivable
145,491
136,419
Receivables from other Government agencies
113,022
114,948
376
874
258,890
252,241
Prepaid expenses
167,742
161,628
Accrued grant revenue
244,378
256,053
Other accrued revenue
7,396
19,226
419,516
436,907
-405
-19,778
-405
-19,778
3,599,344
3,182,339
Other long-term securities holdings Total financial fixed assets Receivables
Other receivables Total receivables Cut-off items
Total cut-off items Settlement with the Government Settlement with the Government Total settlement with the Government Cash and bank balances Balance of the interest-bearing account at the Swedish National Debt Office Cash and bank balances Total cash and bank balances
TOTAL ASSETS
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
109,263
107,530
3,708,607
3,289,868
5,577,234
5,165,058
59
FINANCIAL REPORT
Balance sheet (SEK in thousands) CAPITAL AND LIABILITIES
31/12/2014
31/12/2013
5,238
5,238
59,282
50,458
1,231,647
1,232,865
62,680
7,606
1,358,847
1,296,167
5,088
10,299
Agency capital Government capital Shares of earnings in associated companies and subsidiary Capital brought forward Change in capital according to the statement of financial performance Total agency capital Provisions Provisions for pensions and similar obligations Other provisions
30,757
31,083
35,845
41,382
Loans at the Swedish National Debt Office
612,138
541,210
Liabilities to other Government agencies
136,363
113,275
Accounts payable
292,660
187,728
Other liabilities
127,695
119,147
Total liabilities etc.
1,168,857
961,360
123,564
141,059
2,620,924
2,444,749
Total provisions Liabilities etc.
Cut-off items Accrued expenses Unexpended grants
269,198
280,341
Total cut-off items
Other prepaid revenue
3,013,685
2,866,149
TOTAL CAPITAL AND LIABILITIES
5,577,234
5,165,058
58,595
40,644
Contingent liabilities
60
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
FINANCIAL REPORT
Accounting principles This annual report has been prepared in accordance with the Swedish Annual Reports and Budget Documentation Ordinance (2000:605). Karolinska Institutet follows generally accepted accounting principles, in accordance with the Swedish National Financial Management Authority’s general advice on Section 6 of the Swedish Book-keeping Ordinance (2000:606). Revenue and costs are allocated to a particular period in accordance with the accruals concept. The cut-off amount is SEK 20,000. The limit for a write-off against equity is set at SEK 20,000.
Valuation of receivables and liabilities Receivables have been entered at the amount which, after individual examination, is expected to be paid. In those cases where invoices or equivalent have been received after the set cut-off date (03/01/2014) or where the amount of the receivable or liability was not known exactly when the accounts were produced, these amounts are reported as cut-off items. Foreign currency receivables and liabilities have been valued at the exchange rate on the balance sheet date.
Valuation of bank balances in foreign currencies Foreign currency bank account balances have been valued at the exchange rate on the balance sheet date.
Donations The acquisition value of a donation is valued at its market value on the acquisition date. In the case of bequeathed gifts, the acquisition date is considered to be the date the estate is settled.
Valuation of intangible fixed assets Intangible fixed assets are assets developed by KI which are intended to increase KI’s administrative service potential. Their financial lifetime shall be at least three years and their acquisition value shall be at least SEK 20,000. The acquisition value includes both external purchases and KI’s own direct costs. Facilities are depreciated linearly at a maximum of five years from the month of acquisition.
Financial fixed assets Bonds: On purchase, the purchase price is entered in the balance sheet as a financial asset. On selling, the financial assets are reduced by the book value and any difference is entered in the statement of financial performance as a capital gain or capital loss. Shares/participations: On purchase, the purchase price is entered in the balance sheet as a financial asset. On selling, the financial assets are reduced by the book value and the difference is entered in the statement of financial performance as a capital gain or capital loss. Depreciation and appreciation: If the total market value of the portfolio is considerably less than the book value and it is not certain whether this decrease is permanent, a depreciation is performed. Depreciation is entered by reducing financial assets in the balance sheet against en increase in financial expenses in the statement of financial performance. Depreciations and appreciations are reversed by decreasing or increasing financial expenses when the market value rises.
Externally financed operations When allocating grants or fees to a particular period, the revenue for the period is determined by the costs for the period. Residual revenue from grants or fees is allocated to a particular period as unexpended grants/fees or other prepaid revenue. Unexpended revenue that is not grants or fees is taken up as income against the change in capital for the year. For projects where payment is received afterwards and where this is confirmed by an agreement/contract, the costs are allocated to a particular period against other accrued revenue (in the case of fee financing) or as accrued grantrevenue (in the case of grant financing). If there is no agreement/contract, the costs are taken up as income and affect the change in capital for the year.
Valuation of tangible fixed assets Assets, excluding computers, intended for permanent use with an acquisition value of at least SEK 20,000 and have an estimated financial lifetime of three years or longer are defined as fixed assets. Computers with an acquisition value of up to SEK 30,000 are reported as costs immediately if their estimated financial lifetime is less than three years. Objects, which together constitute a functional unit, with a combined acquisition value of SEK 20,000 or more are classified as fixed assets. These assets are reported at their acquisition value less accumulated depreciation according to plan. Fixed assets are depreciated linearly over their assessed financial lifetime. The depreciation periods for machinery, equipment, fixtures and fittings etc. are applied according to an estimated life of three, five or ten years.
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
61
62
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
INTERNAL CONTROL
Internal control Karolinska Institutet, KI, is subject to the Internal Control Ordinance (2007:603). In view of the established risk assessment and the implemented and planned work with approved control activities, the Board of KI makes the assessment in the annual report that internal control at KI is satisfactory. The year’s work was based on previously agreed rules and guidelines for internal control at KI, where a simplified risk assessment was carried out during the financial year 2014. The basis for the risk assessment was KI’s commission in accordance with the Higher Education Act and Ordinance, the appropriation directions, the Vice-Chancellor’s focus areas and Strategy 2018. In addition, significant observations in conjunction with internal and external audit were taken into account. On 13 October 2014 the Board established eight risk areas in which decisions were made concerning targeted control activities: • limited opportunities for clinical research in collaboration between KI/SCC, • deficient medical informatics in collaboration between KI/SCC, • limited opportunities for clinical education in cooperation between KI/SCC, • leakage/loss of critical information, • limiting regulations relating to registry data, • inadequate supply of teachers in the education programmes, • KI losing competitiveness compared to other leading universities and • underfunded education. On 19 February 2015 it was proposed that the Board decide on a review of KI’s risk assessment for 2015 with associated control activities based on a revaluation of a previously downgraded risk area: • risk of reclamation of research funds from external funding. Over the course of the year, previously approved control activities were followed up on two occasions and significant results were reported to the Board. Based on the Swedish National Audit Office’s previous audit report concerning the internal control of information security that was submitted in 2011, KI has taken the measures that were presented in conjunction with the continuous review of the agency. As of 1 January 2014, the organisation has had an information security coordinator. The established model for information classification has been reviewed but has not yet been implemented. A simplified risk analysis of information security was carried out in the executive group at KI at the beginning of 2014. As a complement to existing instructions for information security, there is a web-based course under development that caters for every employee and student and to others associated with KI. In order to improve IT and information security at KI, a five-year project was started in 2013 called Coordinated IT operations, which has the task of developing general solutions for activities. A pilot study of services delivered was carried out at two departments in 2014.
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
In 2012 the National Audit Office submitted an audit report containing observations on the procurement and purchasing process, in which KI reported measures and efficiency improvements in the area. In the autumn of 2014 the implementation of an e-trading system was started, which is expected to be completed in the first half of 2015. Training has been carried out during the year to ensure its introduction into the organisation. The follow-up of all framework agreements has been started in order to improve compliance and prevent illegal direct contracts, with the risk of legal action for damages as a result. Over the course of 2013, the National Archives carried out an inspection of archive keeping at KI and have provided directions in a number of areas. KI submitted a report to the National Archives in June and December concerning implemented and planned measures. A new organisation to improve support and knowledge transfer from the central archive unit to the departments was implemented during the year. Work still remains in the production of a strategy for the conservation of electronic documents and the archiving of public documents arising from and completed in the research process. In order to quality assure the administrative processes in the handling of public documents, KI’s business systems for finance and recruitment have been integrated with the registration system during the year. On 18 December 2014 the National Archives decided to close the case on the basis of measures taken and planned by KI for previously observed deficiencies. On 28 April 2014 the Board decided on KI’s Strategy 2018, containing initiatives in four main areas. Preparatory work has been carried out during the year to formulate the intentions in the Strategy for the processes of planning, follow-up and internal control, in which KI will have fully integrated operations planning to cover the period 2016–2018. The Vice-Chancellor established instructions on 28 October 2014 prior to implementing in-depth risk assessment in 2015. Taken together, the risk assessments and control activities already carried out will improve conditions for the continued implementation of KI’s Strategy 2018 by identifying and dealing with potential threats to the achievement of long-term objectives.
63
Foto: Camilla Svensk.
THE UNIVERSITY BOARD
The Board of Karolinska Institutet From the bottom, row 1: Annika Andersson, Deputy Chair; Arash Hellysaz (students’ representative); Lena von Koch (faculty representative); Lars Leijonborg, Chair; Anders Hamsten, Vice-Chancellor; Kerstin Tham, Pro-Vice-Chancellor (always co-opted); Elias Arnér (faculty representative). Row 2: Charlotte Strömberg; Susana Borrás; Anders Blanck; Anna Karlsson (faculty representative); Eskil Franck. Row 3: Per Bengtsson, University Director; Torbjörn Rosdahl; Petter Berg (students’ representative); Elin Ekeroth (students’ representative); Andreas Nyström (staff representative); Gunnar Stenberg (staff representative); Christina Hammarstedt (staff representative); Dan Andersson.
64
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
THE UNIVERSITY BOARD
Resolution on the annual report and assessment of internal control The University Board hereby resolve to submit the annual report for 2014. We confirm that the annual report provides a true and fair impression of the authority’s results, costs, revenue and of the agency’s financial position. We also judge the authority’s internal control to be satisfactory. Stockholm, 19 February 2015
Lars Leijonborg, Chair
Elin Ekeroth
Anders Hamsten, Vice-Chancellor
Eskil Franck
Annika Andersson
Dan Andersson
Arash Hellysaz
Anna Karlsson
Elias Arnér
Lena von Koch
Petter Berg
Torbjörn Rosdahl
Anders Blanck
Charlotte Strömberg
Susana Borrás
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
65
APPENDIX
Table 1 Number of applicants per admitted student 2011
2012
per admitted % student women
2014
2013
per admitted % student women
per admitted % student women
per admitted % student women
Beginner’s programme Occupational therapy Audiology Biomedicine Biomedical lab. science Public health sciences
1.1 1.3 0.6 0.8 0.8
89 61 57 87 87
1.3 1.9 0.6 1.0 -
87 73 62 78
1.5 2.6 0.6 1.3 -
88 77 61 79
1.6 3.1 0.9 1.3 -
83 80 67 83
Physiotherapy
3.6
66
3.2
68
3.5
65
4.0
63
Speech and language pathology
4.3
88
3.8
94
4.5
91
2.5
90
Medicine
6.9
57
6.8
57
6.8
58
7.8
58
Optometry
0.7
82
1.8
83
2.0
76
1.8
83
Psychology
4.2
73
3.9
73
6.0
72
6.1
68
Radiography
1.7
73
1.4
77
2.3
72
2.2
80
Nursing
2.9
87
3.0
88
3.2
88
3.1
86
Dental hygiene
4.4
90
4.7
92
5.4
93
4.1
90
Dentistry
4.3
63
4.2
70
4.6
69
4.4
70
Dental technology
1.7
72
-
Midwifery
5.0
99
5.3
100
5.0
100
3.6
100
Psychotherapy
1.4
74
2.0
81
1.4
83
1.6
81
Specialist nursing
2.3
86
2.2
86
2.0
87
1.7
86
Odontological prophylactics
1.2
96
1.3
100
1.0
93
1.2
95
Master’s programme (1 year)
1.7
88
2.0
81
2.0
81
2.5
80
Master’s programme (2 years)
1.6
71
1.5
72
1.5
65
1.7
58
Total
2.9
74
2.9
75
3.1
75
3.2
72
-
-
Continuation programme
66
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
APPENDIX
Table 2 Full-time equivalent students (FTEs), total and percentage of women (%) 2011
2012
total
% women
total
% women
Beginner’s programme Occupational therapy Audiology Biomedicine Biomedical lab. science Public health sciences
204 46 152 181 87
89 74 61 84 88
205 48 145 196 65
88 74 62 82 88
213 48 158 205 38
Physiotherapy
360
66
340
70
Speech and language pathology
101
93
94
93
1,523
56
1,516
0
-
1
111
90
103
Medicine Medical informatics Optometry Podiatry
2014
2013 % total women
total
% women
89 70 65 82 92
224 55 157 205 14
88 70 69 84 90
357
67
370
67
111
90
108
90
54
1,591
54
1,667
53
50
0
-
0
-
89
110
85
127
82
9
81
0
-
0
-
0
-
Psychology
207
70
251
70
285
68
300
68
Radiography
106
76
105
77
114
78
112
80
Nursing
457
85
601
85
788
85
792
87
84
95
86
94
82
94
85
95
402
66
396
66
412
65
433
65
53
77
35
75
19
79
5
89
97
98
95
98
101
100
101
100
Dental hygiene Dentistry Dental technology Continuation programme Midwifery Psychotherapy
24
82
22
81
21
82
20
82
461
88
457
88
458
91
456
89
21
89
20
100
20
94
15
88
Master’s programme (1 year)
86
81
93
88
115
84
136
84
Master’s programme (2 years)
337
70
311
69
281
69
253
70
Single-subject courses
709
78
701
81
488
80
341
78
5,815
73
5,885
73
6,014
73
5,978
72
Specialist nursing Odontological prophylactics
Total
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
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APPENDIX
Table 3 Full-time equivalent students (FTEs) and annual performance equivalents (APEs) 2011
2012
FTE
APE
%*
FTE
APE
Beginner’s programme Occupational therapy Audiology Biomedicine Biomedical lab. science Public health sciences
204 46 152 181 87
196 45 140 165 72
96 100 92 91 82
205 48 145 196 65
193 46 128 166 69
Physiotherapy
360
359
100
340
Speech and language pathology
101
97
96
94
1,523 1,393
91
Medicine Medical informatics Optometry Podiatry
2014
2013 %*
FTE
APE
%*
FTE
APE
%*
94 96 89 84 105
213 48 158 205 38
204 45 136 185 45
96 93 86 90 119
224 55 157 205 14
217 55 141 186 17
97 100 90 90 122
315
93
357
360
101
370
355
96
90
96
111
105
95
108
101
93
1,516 1,402
93
1,591 1,500
94
1,667 1,660
100
0
1
-
1
2
-
0
2
-
0
1
-
111
108
97
103
102
98
110
101
92
127
114
89
9
12
132
0
1
-
0
0
-
0
0
-
Psychology
207
201
97
251
223
89
285
270
95
300
276
92
Radiography
106
94
89
105
100
95
114
106
93
112
114
102
Nursing
457
430
94
601
521
87
788
713
90
792
745
94
84
75
90
86
78
91
82
72
88
85
70
82
402
428
106
396
364
92
412
363
88
433
396
91
53
52
99
35
41
117
19
20
109
5
7
139
97
101
105
95
84
89
101
96
96
101
94
93
Dental hygiene Dentistry Dental technology Continuation programme Midwifery Psychotherapy
24
21
88
22
18
83
21
20
95
20
18
88
461
435
94
457
428
94
458
409
89
456
423
93
Odontological prophylactics
21
21
100
20
14
69
20
25
125
15
13
88
Master’s programme (1 year)
86
66
77
93
94
101
115
85
74
136
130
95
Master’s programme (2 years)
337
295
88
311
293
94
281
297
106
253
250
99
Single-subject courses
709
545
77
701
535
76
488
429
88
341
233
68
92 5,885 5,307
90
6,014 5,589
93
5,978 5,613
94
Specialist nursing
Total
5,815 5,351
*Performance indicator
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KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
APPENDIX
Table 4 Degrees 2011
Professional qualifications Occupational therapy Audiology Midwifery Biomedical lab. science Speech and language pathology Medicine Optometry Psychology Psychotherapy Radiography Physiotherapy Nursing Specialist nursing Dental hygiene Dentistry Dental technology Total professional qualifications General qualifications University diplomas BSc MSc (1 year) Work and health Biomedical lab. science Global health Clinical medical science Medical teaching and training Optometry Radiography Other main subjects Master’s qualifications Bioentrepreneurship Biomedicine Public health Health informatics Clinical medical science Speech and language pathology Medical teaching and training Dentistry Psychology Toxicology Broad MSc (1 year)
2012
total
% women
total
% women
59 14 55 41 32 260 42 15 38 91 298 403 37 67 14 1,466
92 79 98 85 94 57 90 80 87 66 90 87 97 66 79 81
60 18 56 52 4 272 29 18 14 39 107 14 419 38 70 13 1,223
88 83 96 85 100 54 97 72 79 74 64 86 89 97 77 69 78
52 10 56 57 30 219 31 32 21 23 108 113 378 39 70 17 1,256
0 547
88
1 351
100 83
0 2 19 23 1 17 10 78
100 79 87 100 88 80 71
0 1 26 39 0 20 4 69
95 75 77
total
% women
96 80 98 84 90 59 90 75 81 74 69 90 90 92 63 59 80
66 15 65 53 30 240 26 36 12 38 108 226 397 33 76 11 1,432
83 67 100 89 100 56 88 67 83 84 68 81 91 94 70 91 80
0 464
86
1 488
100 82
15 3 27 43 4 20 7 177
100 100 70 81 50 90 71 89
19 1 30 70 2 21 4 283
95 0 70 84 100 90 50 90
67 57 78 36 86 100 100 100 82 33 100
19 34 43 19 11 3 4 21 11 21 1
58 50 86 42 91 100 100 52 91 57 100
57 66 77 56 89
0 100
38 57 53 71
3 30 51 14 7 1 3 4 11 3 4
773
84
655
79
891
84
1,106
82
Total qualifications awarded
2,239
82
1,878
78
2,147
82
2,538
81
Total graduates
1,888
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
67 62 75
100 77 90
% total women
14 38 35 9 9 0 0 8 7 17 7
Total general qualifications
3 26 40 0 3 0 0 0 0 1 3
2014
2013
100
1,668
1,758
1,964
69
APPENDIX
Table 5 Revenue 2014, largest sources of funding, SEK million Research councils Swedish Research Council Forte (FAS) Formas Government agencies Royal Institute of Technology Sweden’s Innovation Agency The National Board of Health and Welfare Kammarkollegiet The Public Health Agency of Sweden Stockholm University The Swedish Armed Forces Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency The Swedish Social Insurance Agency The Swedish Institute Organisations and foundations The Wallenberg Foundations The Swedish Cancer Society The Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research The Swedish Heart-Lung Foundation The Erling-Persson Family Foundation Karolinska Institutet Foundations The Swedish Childhood Cancer Foundation The Torsten and Ragnar Söderberg Foundations Gustaf and Tyra Svensson Memorial Fund The Swedish Brain Foundation
70
707.7 110.5 26.0
County & municipal councils Stockholm County Council Botkyrka municipality Stockholm municipality
109.2 38.0 36.7 25.0
Companies AstraZeneca AFA Insurance Biogen Idec KI Science Park
16.0 14.7 13.1 12.1 8.8 7.9
164.5 151.5 100.6 73.4 71.8 52.1 48.2 38.9 14.1 13.7
Johnson & Johnson Novo Nordisk Pfizer Meda Merck & Co (MSD) Bristol-Myers Foreign organisations and foundations European Union (EU) CHDI Foundation H M Rausing Charitable Trust The Novo Nordisk Foundation National Institutes of Health (NIH) OECD Stichting af Jochnick Foundation The Stanley Medical Research Inst. Aarhus University Hospital Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
389.3 4.5 4.5
83.2 37.0 16.4 10.3 9.2 9.1 7.4 6.9 6.8 5.1
240.5 16.3 14.1 13.6 11.7 11.4 8.8 6.4 6.3 5.8
KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014
APPENDIX
Appendix: Costs As with previous years, KI reports the following key performance indicators: • •
cost per full-time equivalent student (excluding contract education and commissioned education), cost per annual performance equivalent (excluding contract education and commissioned education),
Definitions Full-time equivalent students and annual performance equivalents are the performances that have been carried out over the course of the year and are defined in accordance with public service agreement. The costs reflect the reported costs for the year within the area Bachelor’s and Master’s education funded by direct government funding. The costs also include costs funded by grants and fees, which are associated with the activity. However, contract education and commissioned education are not included. It should be noted that full-time students and annual performance equivalents have been related to costs individually. Therefore, it is not possible to relate the costs per full-time equivalent student and annual performance equivalent to the ”price tags” used in the government’s allocation of resources to the educational institutions. In this context, it should be noted that the costs are also included in the clinical sections of the medical and speech therapist education (equivalent to the ALF direct government funding) and the dentistry education (the dental care centre). The measurements of costs per full-time equivalent student and annual performance equivalent are deemed to be relatively secure, as the constituent elements relate to the current year and are well-established.
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Key indicators 2014
2013
2012
2011
2010
5,978 72% 160 5,613 170 74 56% 408 59% 2,071 58% 650 59% 281 57% 2.56 4.37 340 9 n/a n/a
6,014 73% 147 5,589 158 51 64% 373 55% 2,090 59% 595 64% 375 62% 2.41 4.24 306 12 4,707 1,030
5,885 73% 154 5,307 170 34 57% 438 57% 2,111 60% 572 65% 380 63% 3.03 4.26 359 14 4,311 1,053
5,815 73% 146 5,351 159 10 54% 409 61% 2,045 62% 544 64% 349 62% 2.56 4.21 349 14 4,141 1,030
5,524 73% 144 5,050 157 i.u. i.u. 450 62% 2,002 62% 519 65% 360 63% 2.05 4.21 367 21 3,926 1,055
4,473 62% 4,924 844 47% 739 43% 367 28%
4,283 63% 4,736 827 46% 717 42% 373 28%
4,192 64% 4,716 846 46% 714 41% 367 27%
4,109 65% 4,699 845 47% 707 41% 347 26%
3,944 65% 4,545 801 46% 665 40% 331 24%
Revenue, total (SEK million), of which Bachelor’s and Master’s education (SEK million) – direct government funding (%) – external revenue (%) Doctoral education and research (SEK million) – direct government funding (%) – external revenue (%) Costs, total (SEK million) – staff – premises
6,156 1,007 86% 14% 5,149 37% 63% 6,078 52% 13%
5,796 991 88% 12% 4,805 37% 63% 5,797 52% 13%
5,646 954 87% 13% 4,692 37% 63% 5,506 52% 12%
5,340 926 87% 13% 4,415 37% 63% 5,188 53% 11%
5,253 851 89% 11% 4,402 36% 64% 4,994 52% 11%
Premises costs 2 per m2 (SEK)
3,438
3,386
3,118
2,916
2,761
Balance sheet total (SEK million), of which – unexpended grants – change in capital for the year – administrative capital (incl. change in cap. for the year)
5,577 2,621 63 1,359
5,165 2,445 8 1,296
5,017 2,313 108 1,289
4,899 2,277 145 1,196
4,658 2,224 255 1,079
Education and research FTE, full time equivalent, students 1 – women Cost per FTE student (SEK thousand) * APE, annual performance equivalents 1 Cost per APE (SEK thousand) * Number of fee-paying students – women New doctoral admissions – women Doctoral students, total >_ 10% activity – women Doctoral students with employment (FTEs) – women Doctoral students with grant (FTEs) – women Average study time, licentiate students (net) Average study time, doctoral students (net) Doctoral degrees awarded Licentiate degrees awarded Peer-reviewed scientific publications ** Cost per peer-reviewed scientific publication (SEK thousand) ***
Staff FTEs – women Average annual number of employees Teaching staff (FTEs) – women Teaching staff with doctoral degrees (FTEs) – women Professors (FTEs) – women
Finance
1
* **
Excluding doctoral students, contract education and contracted courses. As stated in the revenue statement. Including costs incurred within funding for medical training and research and the dental care centre. Figure not given for 2014 owing to delay in registration, which would otherwise distort the statistics. The figures for 2010–2013 have also been adjusted due to the aforementioned delay in registration. Also affects cost per publication. *** Including costs incurred within ALF-funding. Sources: The HR administration system Primula, the student database Ladok, The financial system Agresso. 2
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KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET ANNUAL REPORT 2014 Compiled by: Central Administration, Karolinska Institutet Design: Sofia Lindberg | Print: E-print | ISBN: 978-91-85681-69-3
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