31-July-2015

Page 1

usrf;jrwfuk&ftmefudk cspfcifpHkrufjcif; 1 Friday Sermon (31 Jul 2015): Delivered by Hadhrat Mirza Masroor Ahmad (aba) Head of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community

 usrf;jrwfuk&ftmef oifMum;ydkYcswJhtcg zwf&Gwfol&JUESvHk;om;rSm uk&ftmef tay: cspfpdwfawGaygufzGm;vmNyD;? uk&ftmefeJYywfoufvdkY olYrSm xufoef wJhpdwftm;awG aygufzGm;vmapEdkifwJh enf;vrf;rsm;jzifh oifay;&ygr,f/

 [mZ&wf ]abvmvf}()u ]t&Sf['k}udk ]tqf['k}qdkNyD; zwfwJhtcg 'DtoHudk tv’m[ft&SifjrwfESifh t&SifhwrefawmfwdkYu ESpfoufcJhygw,f/ 'DESpfoufrIudkawmh b,fvdk ]um&D} (uk&ftmefudk toHaetoHxm;jzifh zwf&Gwfol)urS ,SOfEdkifrSmr[kwfygbl;/

 ,aeYvnf;

uRefawmfwkdY jrif&oavmufawmh ynm&SifqdkolawG[m udk,fydkiftcGifhta&;awGzefwD;xm;NyD; rw&m;&,lpm;aomufaeMuygw,f/ 'g[m ,aeYacwfumvrSm tpövmrftwGuf tvGef0rf;enf;pdwfysufzG,f tajctaeygyJ/ 'Dvdk trnfcH]tdkvrm}awGaMumifhyJ tjcm;vlawGuvnf; tpövmrfhtrnfcHNyD; vk,ufpm;aomufvmMuygw,f/ tMurf;zuf &ufpuf rIawGjyKvkyfaewJh tzGJYtpnf;trsdK;rsdK;uvnf; olwkdYaMumifhyJ ay:aygufvm &jcif;jzpfygw,f/

 ]uk&fbmeD}pGefYvTwaf y;qyfraI wGuyJ ]*srmtwf}tkyfpak wGudk tv’m[ft&Sif jrwf&JUa&SUawmfrSm tvGefxl;jcm;wJhtqifhodkYwdkif a&muf&Sdapjcif;jzpfygw,f/ 'Dtqifhtwef;udk&zkdYtwGuf vlyk*¾dKvfwdkif;u BudK;yrf;tm;xkwf&ygr,f/ tawG;tac:udktajccHwJh ,HkMunfrIoufoufu vlom;twGuf bmrQ toHk;r0ifbJ cspfjcif;arwåmygwJh ,HkMunfjcif;uomvQif toHk;0ifrSm jzpfyg w,f/ ... taMumif;uawmh ol[m trSefw&m;udk ESvHk;om;rsufpdjzifh jrifcJh&wmr[kwfbJ OD;aESmufrsufpdjzifh MunhfcJhjcif;aMumifhjzpfygw,f/ odkYaomf tv’m[ft&SifjrwfxHawmfrSa&mufvmwJh trSefw&m;udk OD;aESmuf rsufpdjzifrh [kwfbJ ESvHk;om;rsufpdjzifh odjrifNyD;olwpfa,mufudk rnfolurQ vSnhfpm;vdkY r&Edkifygbl;/

 *semZm (psmyeqkawmif;) - um'D,mefrS '&fa0h&SfwpfOD;jzpfol Khurshid Ahmad Sahib

twGuf *semZm*gtdAf 0wfjyKjcif;/

Maulavi


usrf;jrwfuk&ftmefudk cspfcifpHkrufjcif; 2

tmz&duefarmfv0DwpfOD;rS vli,fwcsdKUudk usrf;jrwfuk&ftmef oifay;aeyHk ½dkuful;xm;wJh AD'D,dkzdkifwpfckudk vlwpfa,mufu ,lvmjyygw,f/ tJ'DrSm enf;enf;uav;rSm;wmeJyY J Burd fjzif½h dkufESufaewmu tvGefpdwfrcsrf;om p&mygyJ/ olwkdY&JU rdcifbmompum;vnf;r[kwf? 'ghtjyif touf 17? 18 t&G,u f dka&mufaewJh tBuD;ydkif;awGvnf;jzpfwmaMumifh olwkdY[m 'Dtwdkif;twmxufydkNyD; ]um&D}awGvdk pum;vHk;wdkif;udk toHrSefatmif b,fvdkvkyx f GufEdkifyghrvJ/ (armfv0DawG&JU) ckvdkvkyf&yfaMumifh &v'ftm; jzifh vlawG[m uk&ftmefoif&rSmudk aMumufvmMuygw,f/ 'Dvdktm;jzifh tm&Afr[kwfwJh rGwfpvifawGxJu vltrsm;tjym;[m usrf;jrwfuk&t f mef rzwfwwf&jcif; jzpfygw,f/ 'gaMumifh usrf;jrwfuk&ftmefudk oifMum;ydkYcswJhtcg zwf&Gwo f l&JU ESvHk;om; rSm uk&ftmeftay: cspfpdwfawGaygufzGm;vmNyD;? uk&ftmefeJYywfoufvdkY olYxHrSm xufoefwJhpdwftm;awG aygufzGm;vmapEdkifwJh enf;vrf;rsm;jzifh oifay;&ygr,f/ rMumrDurS bdkiftwf,lxm;NyD; 'DEdkifiH(t*Fvef)rSmaewJh *syeftrsdK;orD; wpfa,mufu uRefawmfeaJY wGYqHkzadkY &mufvmygw,f/ tv’m[ft&Sijf rwf&JU ]zZvf}aus;Zl;awmfjzifh olr[m usrf;jrwfuk&ftmefudk oHk;ESpftwGif; NyD;pD;atmif zwfEdkifcaJh Mumif;? tenf;i,f&Gwq f jdk yvdkaMumif; ajymygw,f/ &GwfzwfzcdkY GifhjyKvdkufwJhtcg olru ]tm,wGvfuk&fpD}udk tvGet f HhMooGm; &avmufatmif psmef0ifNyD;zwf&GwfjycJyh gw,f/ 'gaMumifh t"duvdktyfwm u usrf;jrwfuk&ftmefudk cspfcifpHkrufrIjzpfay:vmvsuf uk&ftmef


usrf;jrwfuk&ftmefudk cspfcifpHkrufjcif; 3

tm,wfawGudk psmef0ifNyD; zwf&GwfzdkYygyJ/ [efjyzkdYoufouf ]um&D}awGvdk vnfacsmif;rS toHxkwfzwfjcif;u t"du&nf&G,fcsufr[kwfygbl;/ tv’m[ft&Sifjrwfu Xmefu½dkPf;uspGm pepfwuszwf&GwfzdkY? toHxGuf rSefatmif wwfEdkio f rQBudK;pm;NyD; zwf&GwfzdkY trdefYay;xm;ygw,f/ 'gayrJh pum;vHk;wdkif;udk tm&AfawGvdk toHxGuv f matmif vkyfzkdYuawmh rvG,f ygbl;/ tm&AfvlrsdK;r[kwfwo Jh lawG[m wcsdKUpum;vHk;awGudk toHxGufrSef atmif tvQif;rzwfEdkifygbl;/ tm&AfEdkifiHawGrSm BuD;jyif;vmw,fqdk&if awmh wpfrsdK;yg/ Oyrm- *syefvlrsdK;awG[m tm&ADpum;vHk;wcsdKUudk toHxGufrSefatmif rzwfEdkiyf gbl;/ txufrSmwifjycJhwJh *syeftrsdK;orD;&JU uk&ftmefzwf&Gwo f HrSmvnf; ]ac}eJY ]a[}rSm toHruGyJ gbl;/ ]ac}udkzwfwJh tcg ]a[}toHyJ xGufaeygw,f/ xdt k rsdK;orD;&JUtoHudk em;axmifNyD;wJh aemuf- tm&ADpum;vHk;wcsdKUudk toHxGuf&Gwfzwf&mrSm *syefvlrsdK; tm;vHk; r[kwf&ifawmif? 'DtrsdK;orD;vdk tcuftcJawGrY ,fo h al wG awmf awmfrsm;rsm;&SdEdkifw,fqdkwmudk aumufcsufcsrdygw,f/ rnfodkYqdkap tv’m[ft&Sifjrwf&JUEIwfuygXfawmfudk cspfjcif;omvQif trSef wu,f vdktyfygw,f/ twwfEdkifqHk;BudK;pm;NyD; vdktyfcsufawGudk jznfh qnf;&rSmawmh rSefygw,f/ odkYaomf ]um&D}jzpfzkd?Y NydKifyGJ0if[efjyzdkYoufouf r[kwyf gbl;/ [mZ&wf ]abvmvf}()u ]t&Sf['k}udk ]tqf['k}qdkNyD; zwfwJhtcg 'D toHudk tv’m[ft&SifjrwfESifh t&Sifhwrefawmfwu dkY ESpfoufcJhyg w,f/ 'DESpfoufrIuadk wmh b,fvdk ]um&D}urS ,SOEf dkifrSmr[kwfygbl;/ rGwfpvifr[kwfolawGxJu vlawmfawmfrsm;rsm;[m tpövmrfudk ouf0if ,HkMunfNyD; *srmtwftwGif; 0ifa&mufvmvsuf&Sdygw,f/ olwkdYtygt0if tjcm;rGwfpvifawGxJrSmvnf; uk&ftmefrzwfwwfol trsm;pk&Sdygw,f/ tmz&du&JUtawmfrsm;rsm;a'oawGrSm t[fr'DomoemjyKawG[m ckvdk tajctaejzifBh uHKawGYcJh&NyD; usrf;jrwfuk&ftmefudk tajccHrSpNyD; oifay;cJ&h ygw,f/ 'gaMumifh usrf;jrwfuk&ftmef oifMum;ydkYcswJhq&mawGu oif,lol


usrf;jrwfuk&ftmefudk cspfcifpHkrufjcif; 4

awGxrH Sm uk&ftmefudkzwf&GwfvdkwJh pdwftm;awG wuf<uvmapr,fh enf;vrf;rsm;jzifh oifMum;ay;&ygr,f/ txufrSmajymMum;cJhwJh *syeftrsdK;orD;udk usrf;jrwfuk&t f mef oifMum; ay;cJhwJh ygupöwef trsdK;orD;udkvnf; tv’m[ft&Sifjrwf tusdK;qkvmbf ay;oem;awmfrlygap/ olru xdt k rsdK;orD;udk uk&ftmefzwf&Gwfenf; oifay;cJh½Hkomr[kwfygbl;? usrf;jrwfuk&ftmefudk cspfwpJh dwfyg arG;zGm;ay;cJh w,fvdkY qdkEdkifygw,f/ 'gaMumifh t"duvdktyfcsufu ]um&D}awGvdk ]au&mtwf}zwf&GwfEdkifzdkY r[kwfygbl;/ wpfzef ckvdk toHrSefatmifrxGufEdkifwmESifhyJ uk&ftmefudk rzwfwmrsdK;vnf; rvkyfoifhygbl;/ usrf;jrwfuk&ftmefudk rjzpfrae zwf&Gwzf v dkY ydk gw,f/ taumif;qHk;zwf&GwfEdkiaf tmifvnf; BudK;pm;&ygr,f/ 'gayrJh wcsdKUpum;vHk;awGudk toHrSefatmifrxGufEidk fwJh tcuftcJaMumifh usrf;jrwfuk&ftmefudkyg rzwfawmhwmrsdK; rvkyfoifhygbl;/ t[fr'Dwdkif;u aeYpOfyHkreS f uk&ftmef]awvm0gwf}jyKvkyfoifhygw,f/ toHxGuf&mrSmvnf; wwfEdkiforQ teD;pyfqHk;? taumif;qHk;zwf&GwfEdkifzdkY BudK;pm;&ygr,f/ [mZ&wf rGwfpfavarmftl;'f()ocifu ckvdk rdefYMum;xm;ygw,f/ ]uRefawmfwkdYtaeeJY um&DawGvdk pum;vHk;wdkif;udk tjynhft0 toHxGuf vmatmifvkyfaejcif;u rrSefygbl;/ taMumif;uawmh tm&AfvlrsdK; r[kwf olawGtaeeJY ckvdkzwfEdkifatmif tv’m[ft&Sifjrwfudk,fwdkifu pGrf;tm; ay;rxm;ygbl;/ uRefawmf(h rGwfpfavarmftl;'f)ZeD; ]tGrfarwm[d&f}u ajymjyzl;ygw,f/ olr&JUzcif[m usrf;jrwfuk&ftmef zwf&Gwfjcif;? oifMum; ydkYcsjcif;udk tvGe0f goemxHkygw,f/ om;orD;awGudk uk&ftmef oifMum;zkdY twGuf q&mcefYxm;ygw,f/ ]tGrfarwm[d&f}u ajymjyygw,f/ ]tJ'D q&m u tvGet f ½dkufMurf;ygw,f/ toHxGufrrSefbl;qdk&if opfudkif;wpfckudk vufacsmif;awGxx J nfhNyD; (,aeY wcsdKUq&mawGu cJwHoHk;NyD;) vufudk Budww f ,f/ ½dkufESufygw,f/} wu,fawmh uRefawmfwdkY yef*smADvlrsdK;awG [m tm&ADpum;vHk;awGudk tm&AfawGuJhodkY rzwfEidk fygbl;/}


usrf;jrwfuk&ftmefudk cspfcifpHkrufjcif; 5

wpfzef tm&ADpum;udk toHxGufrrSefbl;qdkNyD; rqD[farmftl;'f() ocifudk a0zefapm'ujyKwJh tm&Afwpfa,muftaMumif;udk rGwfpfav armftl;'focifu ajymjyygw,f/ NyD;cJhwJh cGwåbmrSmvnf; xdt k aMumif;udk wifjycJhNyD;jzpfygw,f/ ol[m rqD[farmftl;'f()ocifxH vma&muf awGYqNHk yD; ocifBuD;ESipfh um;ajympOftwGif;rSm ocifBuD;u ]‫'(}ض‬Ggwf) tu©&mygwJh pum;vHk;udkajymwJhtcg xdktm&Afyk*¾dKvfu ]‫'(}ض‬Ggwf) toH awmif rSefatmifrxGufEdkifwm cifAsm;u b,fvdkvkyfNyD; rqD[farmftl;'f jzpfEdkifyghrvJ}vdakY jymygw,f/ wu,fawmh 'Dyk*¾dKvf&JUpum;[m tvGef t"dyÜm,fuif;rJhwpJh um;yg/ wdkif;jynfa'otoD;oD;rSm oD;jcm;udk,fydkif toHawG&Sdygw,f/ tm&AfawGudk,fwdkifu 'D]‫}ض‬toHudk olwdkYuvGJNyD; wjcm;b,forl S rSefatmifrzwfEdkifaMumif; ajymxm;NyD;jzpfygw,f/ tdE´d, wdkif;om;awGu 'gudk ]'Ggwf} odkYr[kwf ]ZGmwf}vdzkY wfygw,f/ 'guvnf; toHxGut f rSef r[kwfao;ygbl;/ 'gaMumifh tm&AfawGudk,fwdkifu 'D]‫}ض‬ toHudk olwdkYomvQif rSefatmifxGufEdkifNyD; wjcm;b,folrS rzwfEdkif aMumif; ajymxm;NyD;jzpfwmaMumifh 'geJYywfoufvdkY jypfwifa0zefp&m taMumif;udrk &Syd gbl;/} tm&Aft[fr'DawGuvnf; 'Dtcsufudk odxm;&ygr,f/ trsm;pkuawmh 'gudek m;vnfygvdrfhr,f/ odkYaomf 'DudpöeyJY wfoufvdkY *kP, f l0ifh<um;ol wcsdKUvnf;&Sdygw,f/ tm&AfvlrsdK;wpfa,mufeJY tdrfaxmifuswJh ygupöwef trsdK;orD;wpfOD;u usrf;jrwfuk&ftmefudk vnfacsmif;rStoHxkwf zwf&Gwf NyD; olY&JUtoHxGuf rSeNf yDvdkY xifaeygw,f/ wu,fawmh olt Y oHxGuu f vnf; rrSefygbl;/ 'Dudpöu olwpfa,mufeJYwif NyD;oGm;w,fqdk&if uRefawmfhtaeeJY bmrSajymp&mtaMumif;r&Sdygbl;/ 'gayrJh wcsdKU tm&Af vlrsdK;awGu pum;0kdif;zGNJY yD; ygupöwefvlrsdK;awG[m tm&ADpum;vHk;awGudk rSefatmifrzwfEdkifaMumif;? usrf;jrwfuk&ftmef rzwfwwfaMumif;? pum; vHk;awGudk rSerf Sefuefuef toHrxGufEdkifaMumif; jyuf&,fjyKwt Jh oGifrsdK;jzifh ajymqdak eMuaMumif; od&ygw,f/ tm&AfawGtm;vHk;u ckvkd jyuf&,fjyMu


usrf;jrwfuk&ftmefudk cspfcifpHkrufjcif; 6

w,fvkYad wmh rqdkvdkygbl;/ tm&AfvlrsdK;eJY tdrfaxmifuswJh rdom;pkawGrSmyJ 'Dvdk jyuf&,fjyKwmrsdK;&SdEdkifr,f xifygw,f/ tpövmrfu vlrsdK;EG,ftm;vHk;&JUESv;Hk om;udkatmifEdkifNyD; olwdkYxHrSm tv’m[ft&Sifjrwf&JU EIwfuygXfawmfawGudk odap½HkrQru xdkEIwfuygXf awmfawGudk zwf&GwfvmapzdkYtwGuf olwkdY&JUESvHk;om;rSm usrf;jrwf uk&ftmefudk cspfpdwaf wG xnfhoGif;ay;&rSmjzpfygw,f/ vlrsdK;wdkif;rSm oD;jcm;udk,fydkit f oHawG&Sdygw,f/ usrf;jrwfuk&ftmefudk cspfpdwaf Mumifh taumif;qHk;toHxGufEdkifatmif vlwdkif; BudK;pm;MuwmygyJ/ trSefwu,f vnf; BudK;pm;oifhygw,f/ twwfEdkifqHk; Xmefu½dkPf;usus toHxGuf rSefatmif zwf&GwfzdkY *½kpdkuf&ygr,f/ 'geJYywfoufNyD; toHxGuf rSefuefpGm zwf&GwfEdkifolawGu tpövmrfxJ topf0ifa&mufvmolawGudk oifMum; jyoay;vsuf ulnDoifhygw,f/ odkYaomf jyuf&,fjyKzdkYawmh tcGifhr&Sdygbl;/ toHxGufrSefatmifzwfEdkifolawGuvnf; vlrsdK;tkyfpktoD;oD;rSm oD;jcm; udk,fydkit f oHawG&SdMuwmaMumifh vlwdkif;[m tm&ADpum;vHk;[lorQudk toHxGut f rSef zwfEdkirf Smr[kwfbl;qdkwmudk odxm;&ygr,f/ rGwfpfavarmftl;'f()ocif rdefYMum;cJhwJh wjcm;tjzpftysuaf wGudk qufvufwifjyygr,f/ ,aeY rGwfpvifawG&JUtajctaeu b,fvdk&SdovJ qdkwmudk ocifu wpfae&mrSm ckvdk rdefYMum;ygw,f/ ][mowpfck&dyS gw,f/ wpfcgrSm owådenf;wJhvw l pfa,mufu olYudk,fol tvGef&JpGrf;owåd&Sdolwpfa,muftjzpf pdwful;,OfcJhw,f/ a&S;acwf ol&J aumif;awG? eyef;orm;awGu olwkdY&JUtpGrf;owåu d dkjyozdkY vufarmif;rSm aq;rifaMumifxdk;Muygw,f/ 'geJY olvnf;yJ aq;rifaMumifxdk;zkdY pkwfxdk; orm;qDoGm;ygw,f/ pkwfxdk;olu bmudk a&;xdk;csio f vJvadkY r;awmh olu ]jcaoFh½kyx f dk;csiw f ,f}vkdY ajymw,f/ pkwfxdk;olu 'Dvl&JUcE¨mudk,frSm jcaoFh ½kyf qGJzdkYtwGuf pNyD;tyfpdkufvdkuyf gw,f/ 'Dvlu olYudk,fol ol&Jaumif;vdkY pdwful;,OfaeayrJh e*dkuwnf;u owåd&o Sd lr[kwfygbl;/ 'gaMumifh ol[m tyfpdkufw'Jh PfudkrcHEdkifygbl;/ 'geJY olu pkwfxdk;oludk ]bmvkyfaewmvJ}


usrf;jrwfuk&ftmefudk cspfcifpHkrufjcif; 7

vdakY r;w,f/ pkwx f dk;olu ]jcaoFhyq Hk GJawmhrSmyg}vdkY ajymw,f/ ]jcaoFh&JU b,ftydkif;udkqGJrSmvJ}vdkY olu ar;w,f/ ]tNrD;ydkif;udk qGJaeaMumif;} ajzygw,f/ 'geJY olu ]tNrD;ryg&if jcaoFhrjzpfbl;vm;}vdkY ar;w,f/ pkwx f dk;wJhvlu ]tNrD;rygvnf; jcaoFhygyJ}vdkY ajymw,f/ 'DtcgrSm olu ]'gjzifh tNrD;ydkif;xm;vdkufawmh? wjcm;tydkif;udk qGJyg}vdkY ajymw,f/ 'geJY pkwfxdk;olu wjcm;tydkif;qGJzdkY tyfpdkufjyefwJhtcg olu ]tck bmvkyfrSmvJ} vdkY ar;ygw,f/ pkwfxdk;olu ]tck jcaoFh&JU ,mbufvufudk qGJaewmyg}vdkY ajzygw,f/ 'Dvlu ]jcaoFw h pfaumif[m wdkufyGJrSm ,mbufvuf jywfoGm; &ifaum jcaoFrh [kwaf wmhbl;vm;}vdkY ar;w,f/ pkwfxdk;olu ]jcaoFhygyJ}vdkY ajymw,f/ olu ]'gjzifh 'Dtydkif;udkvnf; xm;vdkufawmh? wjcm;tydkif;udk qGyJ g}vdkY ajymw,f/ 'DvdkeJY 0Jbufvufudk qGJjyefawmhvnf; txufu enf;wl rqGJbcJ sefcJhzadkY jymygw,f/ ajcaxmufqGJjyefawmhvnff; ]ajcaxmuf ryg&if jcaoFhrjzpfbl;vm;}vdkYar;NyD; 'Dtydkif;udkvnf; csefxm;cdkif;jyef ygw,f/ aemufqHk;rSm pkwx f dk;wJhvlu pdwfysufNyD;xdkifcsvdkufygw,f/ rdrdudk,frdrd ol&Jaumif;qdkNyD; pdwful;,OfaewJhvlu ]qufrvkyfawmh bl;vm;}vdkY ajymygw,f/ pkwfxdk;olu ]qGpJ &mrSrusefawmhwm? bmqGJ &OD;rSmvJ}vdkY ajymygw,f/} rGwfpfavarmftl;'focifu rdefYMum;ygw,f/ ],aeY tpövmrfudkvnf; 'Dtwdkif;yJ jyKvkyfaeMuygw,f/ txl;ojzifh rGwfpviftdkvrmawGeJY acgif;aqmifydkif;awGu vkyfaqmifaejcif; jzpfyg w,f/ a<u;aMumfoHawG rsm;pGm[pfa<u;MuayrJh vufawGYvkyfaqmifrI bmwpfckrQr&Sad wmhygbl;/ olww dkY dkufwGef;wJu h dpöawGudk Munhfjyefawmhvnf; tpövmrfo h GefoifcsufeJY vHk;0OóHk qufEG,frIr&SdwJh udpöawGjzpfNyD; wpfzef olwdkYeJY NidpGef;aewJh udpöawGudkawmh rvkyfbv J Twfxm;cdkif;ygw,f/} wpfzef ocifu tjcm;Oyrmwpfckudkazmfjy&if; ckvdk rdefYMum;ygw,f/ ]uRefawmfwkdYtzdk; rD&femqd&fe0gAfqm[dbfu ol[m i,fpOfuav;b0u AdkvfuswwfwJhtusifh&SdaMumif; ajymjyavh&Sdygw,f/ ol[m rD&f'&f'f&JU


usrf;jrwfuk&ftmefudk cspfcifpHkrufjcif; 8

ajr;jzpfNyD; a'vDrSmaeygw,f/ xdka'orSm o&ufoD;vnf; aygygw,f/ olu ajymjyavh&Sdygw,f/ ]o&ufoD;&moDawGrSm taz? tareJY usefwJh nDtpfudkarmifESrawG[m eHeufapmapmxNyD; o&ufoD;pm;MuwJhtcg t&ifqHk; uRefawmfu o&ufoD;awGudkjrnf;MunhfNyD; csdKwJhtoD;awGudk csOfw,f? csOfw,fvadkY jymNyD; oD;oefYz,fvdkufygw,f/ z,fNyD;vdkY usew f Jh toD;awGudk olwdkYeJYtwla&mNyD; t&ifpm;ygw,f/ pm;vdkYukefNyDqkd&if ]uRefawmf Adkufr0bl;? udpör&Syd gbl;? 'Do&ufoD;tcsOfawGyJ pm;vdkufr,f} vdkY ajymNyD; z,fxm;wJh o&ufoD;tm;vHk;udkyg pm;vkdufygw,f/ wpf&ufrSm uRefawmft h pfudkBuD; (aemifwGif rD&f'&f'ftm;qufcHol)u ]igvnf; Adkuf r0bl;? igvnf; 'Do&ufoD;tcsOfawG pm;r,f}vdkY ajymygw,f/ 'DtcgrSm uRefawmfu olYudk vHk;0rpm;zkdY tausmuftuefajymayrJh r&ygbl;/ aemufqHk; olu o&ufoD;udpk m;MunhfNyD; ]rif;ajymawmh csOfw,fqdk? o&ufoD;u awmfawmfcsKd wmyJ}vkdY ajymygw,f/} rGwfpfavarmftl;'focifu rdefYMum;ygw,f/ ]'gu i,f&G,folwkdY&JU uav;obm0vkyf&yfwpfckjzpfayrJh ,aeY rGwfpvif awG&JUtajctaeuvnf; 'Dtwdkif;yJjzpfaeygw,f/ tpövmrfh&S&Dtwf Oya'udjk y|mef;&r,fvadkY jymwJhvlawGuyJ trsdK;rsdK;vSnfhjzm;BuHpnfNyD; olwdkY twGuf oD;jcm;tcGifhta&;awG pDpOfjyKvkyx f m;NyDqdk&if? tpövmrfudk vHk;0rodem;rvnfao;olawG&JU tajctaeu b,fvdk&SdvdrfhrvJqdkwm pOf;pm;MunhfEdkifygw,f/ rGwfpvifxdyfydkif;acgif;aqmifawGu ckvdkjyKvkyf aeNyq D dk&ifawmh tpövmrfudk em;rvnfwJh vlawGu t½dk;awmif csefrSm r[kwfygbl;/ b,favmufyJ rSm;,Gif;wJhvkyf&yfjzpfygap? olwdkY[m bmwpfckudkrS tvGwfay;rSm r[kwfygbl;/} ,aeYvnf; uRefawmfwYkd jrif&oavmufawmh ynm&SifqdkolawG[m udk,fydkit f cGifhta&;awGzefwD;NyD; rw&m;&,lpm;aomufaeMuygw,f/ 'g[m ,aeYacwfumvrSm tpövmrftwGuf tvGe0f rf;enf;pdwfysufzG,f tajctaeygyJ/ 'Dvdk trnfcH]tdkvrm}awGaMumifhyJ tjcm;vlawGuvnf;


usrf;jrwfuk&ftmefudk cspfcifpHkrufjcif; 9

tpövmrfhtrnfcHNyD; vk,ufpm;aomufvmMuygw,f/ olwdkYaMumifhyJ tMurf;zuf&ufpufrIawGvkyfaewJh tzGt JY pnf;trsdK;rsdK;ay:aygufvm&jcif; jzpfygw,f/ rGwfpvifawGudk tv’m[ft&Sifjrwf oem;Muifemawmfrlygap/ wpfzef uRefawmfwdkYtaejzifh rdrdwdkY&JUtajctaeudk b,fyHkb,fenf; jyKjyif wnfhrwfNyD; rdrdwdkY&JUtDrmef,HkMunfrIudk wdk;wufjrifhrm;vmatmif jyKvkyf oifhaMumif;? tv’m[ft&SifjrwfESifh qufEG,frIudk tb,fodkY wnfaqmuf oifhaMumif;azmfjyvsuf rGwfpfavarmftl;'focifu ckvdk rdeYMf um;ygw,f/ ]tu,fí toifwdkY[m rdrdwdkYtwGif;rSm ]wuú0g}jzLpifajzmifhrwfjcif;ESifh pifMu,fjcif;w&m;awGudk aygufzGm;apcJhr,fqkd&if? 'dktmqkawmif;jcif;ESifh tv’m[ft&Sifjrwftm; owd&wojcif; ]ZduD&f}jyKvkyw f Jh tavhtusihf wnfaqmufMur,fqdk&if? ]wm[f*Rw}f ermZfESifh ]'½l;'f}arwåmydkYorIawGukd pGJNrJpGm jyKvkyfcJhr,fqdk&if rkcs{uef tv’m[ft&Sifjrwfu rSefuefwJh tdyfrufawG? ]u&Sfzf}½lyg½HkawG? t&Sifjrwf&JU ]tdvf[mrf}Asm'dwpf um;awGudk toifwdkYudkvnf; csD;jr§ifhay;oem;awmfryl gvdrfhr,f/ vlom;xHrSm ay: aygufvmwJh ckvt dk ajctaeudkomvQif &SifoefwJh ]rdka*sZm} wefcdk;jym#d[m vdkY ac:ygw,f/ [mZ&wf tDA&m[ifrf()&JU ]rdka*sZm}u tvGefBuD;us,w f ,fqdkwm rSefygw,f/ rlpm()&JU rdka*sZmuvnf; BuD;us,w f ,fqdkwm rSefygw,f/ [mZ&wftDpm()&JU rdka*sZmuvnf;BuD;us,yf gw,f/ odkYaomf ud, k fwdkif BuHKawGcY Hpm;&wJh ]rdka*sZm}omvQif vlom;twGuf tvGefBuD;us,w f Jh ]rdka*sZm}vdkY qdk&ygr,f/ ,aeYrSmvnf; ]rdka*sZm}(wefcdk;jym#d[m)eJYywfoufvdkY wcsdKUar;jref;olawG&Sd ygw,f/ xdo k l[m ]rdka*sZm}udkjrifvdkw,fqdk&if OD;pGmyxr tv’m[ft&Sif jrwfeJY qufEG,faygif;pnf;rI wnfaqmuf&ygr,f/


usrf;jrwfuk&ftmefudk cspfcifpHkrufjcif; 10

wpfzef ]tDrmef} ,HkMunfrw I dk;yGm;jcif;ESifh tDrmef\trSwfvu©Pm taMumif;udk Oyrmwpfckjzifhazmfjy&if; ocifu &S[D'D tAf'GvfvwD;zf qm[dbt f aMumif;eJY csdwfqufNyD; ckvdk rdefYMum;ygw,f/ ]&S[D'D tAf'GvfvwD;zfqm[dbfudk Munhfyg/ ol[m t[fr'D,wfudk vufcHNyD;? um'D,mefrSm umvtwefMumaexdkifNyD;aemufrSm (tmz*g epöwefEdkifiH) umblvfNrdKUudk jyefoGm;ygw,f/ bk&ifcHu olYudk ac:awGNY yD; ]awmifbm}vkyfzadkY jymygw,f/ olu ]uRefawmf b,fvkdvkyfNyD; awmifbm vkyf&rSmvJ/ um'D,mefuae xGufvmwJhtcsdefrSm tdyfrufjrifuGif;t& uRefawmfhvufrSm vufxdwaf wGcwfxm;wmudk jrifcJh&NyD;ygNyD/ tv’m[f t&Sifjrwfu toif[m t&Siv fh rf;awmfrSm vufxdwf0wf&r,fvdkY uREfkyfudk rdefYMum;xm;NyD;umrS uREkfyfu 'DvufxdwfawGucdk RwfzdkY bmaMumifh BudK;pm; &rSmvJ? uREkfyf&JUzefqif;&Sifpum; jynhfpHkzkdYtwGuf 'DvufxdwfawG uREkfyf&JU vufrSmyJ&Sdoifhw,f}vdkY ajymMum;cJhygw,f/ olYxHrSm ckvdk cdkifrmNrJjrHwhJ ,HkMunfcsuaf ygufzGm;vm&jcif;u oludk,fwdkif tdyfrufwpfck jrifrufcJh&NyD;jzpfwmaMumifhygyJ/ todynm b,favmufyif enf;yg;oljzpfygap? tu,fí xdkot dkY dyfrufwpfcjk rifrufcJh&NyDqdk&if? ol[m owådaMumifjcif;aMumifhom 'Dtdyfrufudk zHk;uG,fcsif zHk;uG,fygvdrfhr,f/ 'gayrJh olYpdwfxJrSmawmh wjcm;aom rrSefuefwJh tdyfrufawGxufydkNyD; 'Dtdyfrufudk ,HkMunfpdwf&Sdygvdrfhr,f/ 'gaMumifh vlom;xHrSm cdkifrmwJh]tDrmef},HkMunfrI&SdNyD; wpfzef ol[m tv’m[ft&SifjrwfESifhqufEG,frIvnf;&Sdr,fqdk&if tJ'Dvl[m avmuDom; awGudk aMumuf&GHUrIr&Sdawmhygbl;/} 'geJYqufEG,fNyD; rGwfpfavarmft;l 'focifu Oyrmwpfck rdefYMum;ygw,f/ vl'D,memNrdKUu [mZ&wf qlzDt[fr'f*sefqm[db[ f m ausmfMum;wJh olawmfpifwpfyg;jzpfygw,f/ wpfcgrSm ]*srl;}e,fu r[m&mZmu ]*srl;odkY vma&mufNyD; uREfkyftwGuf 'dktmvkyfay;yg}vdkY zdwfMum;ygw,f/ olu 'DzdwfMum;csufudkjiif;vdkufNyD; ]'dktmvkyfapcsifw,fqdk&if cifAsm;yJ


usrf;jrwfuk&ftmefudk cspfcifpHkrufjcif; 11

uRefawmfhqD vmcJhyg? cifAsm;qD uRefawmfrvmEdkifbl;}vdkY ajymcJhygw,f/ 'gaMumifh vlom;[m tv’m[ft&SifjrwfESifh qufEG,faygif;pnf;rIjzpfvm wJhtcg b,favmufyif BuD;uJoludkrqdk aMumuf&GHUrIr&Sdawmhygbl;/ rqD[farmftl;'f()ocifudk raMunmrDuyif vlawG[m b,favmuf awmif ,HkMunfrI&SdcJhaMumif;? aMunmNyD;aemufrSm olwkdY&JUtajctae tb,fodkYjzpfcJhaMumif; rGwfpfavarmftl;'focifu ckvdk rdefYMum;ygw,f/ ]b&m[Daet[fr'D,musrf;&JU atmifjrifausmfMum;rIudkMunfhjcif;tm;jzifh xdktcsdefu ocifhudk odef;*Pef;ruaom vlawG[m ,HkMunfudk;pm;rI&SdcJh w,fvdkY qdEk dkifygw,f/ ocifBuD; raMunmrDuyif uG,fvGefoGm;wJh yk*¾dKvf wpfOD;&JUoufaocHcsufvnf; &Sdygw,f/ oluawmh ]qlzDt[fr'f*sef qm[db}f jzpfygw,f/ olu rqD[farmftl;'f()ocifxH pma&;vsu-f ][rfr&DZGef;uD[,f oGefrf[D;ayh[feZ&f? oGefrfrqD[mbEdk; cdk'g;auvDa,} (uREfkyfwdkYrSmum; a0'emonfrsm;yrm ocifhtm; ½Ipm;vsuf&Sdyg\? ocifonf uREfkyfwdkYtwGuf ukpm;ol orm;awmfjzpfvdkufygav/) 'gu ta0;udk jrifEdkifpGrf;&SdwJh ]0vD,Gv’m[f}wpfyg;&JU tjrifjzpfygw,f/ ocifBuD;[m raMunmao;aomfvnf; ocifomvQif rqD[farmftl;'fjzpf aMumif; olu BudKwifojd rifcJhygw,f/ ckavmufxd jrifEdkifpGrf;r&SdolawG uvnf;yJ ,cktcsdefrSm tpövmrf&JUu,fwifvGwfajrmufjcif;[m ocifBuD; ESifhom qufEG,fvsuf&SdaMumif; em;vnfcJhMuygw,f/ odkYaomf tpövmrfudk atmifEdkifrI&apzdkY? tpövmrfh&efolawGudk tydkif;ydik f;jzpfapzdkYtwGuf ocifh xH vufeufay;oem;jcif;cH&wJhtcg? 'gwifru rGwfpvifawG&JU b0 touf&Sifoefa&;twGuf ocifhvufrSm toufa&pifawmfudk ay;oem; jcif;cH&wJhtcg ,cifu tvGeo f '¨gw&m;jynh0f cJholawG[m ]rdrdwdkYu a&T tjzpf,lqcJhwJht&mu ,ck aMu;jzpfaeNyD}vdkYajymMuvsuf ocifhxHyg;rS z,fcGmoGm;cJMh uygw,f/ 'DvdkeJY odef;aygif;rsm;pGmaom vlawG[m wpfrk[kwfcsif; txifrSm;olawGjzpfoGm;ygawmhw,f/ b,favmufxd


usrf;jrwfuk&ftmefudk cspfcifpHkrufjcif; 12

atmifqdk&if ocif[m rlvu odef;aygif;rsm;pGmaomvlawG&JU ,HkMunf udk;pm;rIudkcHcJh&ayrJh ]bdkiftwf}opöm,lEdkifNyDjzpfaMumif; OD;qHk;aMunmwJh tcg ]bdkiftwf},lcJholta&twGufu 40 yJ&Sdygw,f/ a&S;vlawG ajymjyavh&Sdygw,f/ wcsdefu ]tdkvrm}ynm&SifBuD;awGu 'Dyk*¾dKvfomvQif tpövmrfudk trSefwu,f tusdK;jyKEdkifrSmjzpfaMumif; ajymqdkMuvsuf olwdkYukd,fwdkifu vlawGudk ocifhxH apvTwfcJhMuygw,f/ b,favmufxdatmifqdk&if armfv0DqemtGv’m[fqm[dbfudk,fwdkifu]b&m[Daet[fr'D,musrf;a&;om;xkwfa0cJhpOfu uRefawmf[m rD&fZm qm[dbfudk awGYqHkzdkYtwGuf ajcvsifavQmufNyD; um'D,mefudkoGm;cJhygw,f} vdakY jymcJhzl;ygw,f/ olwifru aemifumvwpfavQmufvHk;rSm ocifhudk tjyif;txefqefYusifcJhwJh armfv0Drdk[r®'f[lpdefbwmv0Duvnf;]tpövmrfudk ckavmufxd tusdK;jyKcJhorl sdK; ESpfaygif; 1300 twGif;rSm ray:cJhzl;bl;}vdkY a&;cJhygw,f/ ,aeYacwfrSm tpövmrf½h kyfoHqdkNyD; trnfcHxm;wJh wDADtpDtpOf wcsdKUrSm vnf; rqD[farmftl;'f()ocifeJYywfoufvdkY ocif[m tpövmrftwGuf vdktyfaecsdefrSm trSefwu,ftusdK;jyKcJhovdk? aemufydkif;a&mufrS (etl ZkbDv’m[f) ,drf;,dkifoGm;aMumif; ajymMuygw,f/ wu,fawmh olwkdY[m ESvHk;om;tjrifuef;aeolawGjzpfygw,f/ tv’m[ft&Sijf rwfu ]a&T}jzpf aMumif; owfrSwfxm;wJht&mudk olwdkYu aMu;vdkYjrifaeMuygw,f/ tv’m[ft&Sifjrwf&JU vufawGYoufaocHrIawGudk Munhf½I&r,ft h pm; olwkdY [m rdrdwkdY&JU arSmifrdkufwJhpdwfxJrSmyJ epfrGef;vsuf&SdMuygw,f/ 'ghtjyif todynmenf;yg;wJh rGwfpvifawGudkvnf; vrf;vGJvrf;rSm;odkY ydkYaqmifae Muygw,f/ tv’m[ft&Sifjrwf olwdkYudk todw&m;ay;awmfrlygap/ 1931 ckESpf ]½SL&m}rSm vl'D,memNrdKUu ]'g&Gvfbdkiftwf}eJq Y ufEG,fNyD; ½SL&mudk,fpm;vS,fawGudk rGwfpfavarmftl;'focifu ckvdkrdefYMum;cJyh gw,f/ ]uRefawmfh,lqcsuft&awmh vl'D,memNrdKUu 'g&Gvfbdkiftwftaqmuf tOD udpö[m awmfawmfta&;BuD;wJh udpöygyJ/ 'Dupd öeJYywfoufvdkY rqD[f


usrf;jrwfuk&ftmefudk cspfcifpHkrufjcif; 13

armftl;'f()ocifuvnf; txl;wvnf rdefYMum;cJhygw,f/ 'gwifru BudKwifAsm'dwfrSmvm&Sdcsuft& '*sf*smvfudk owfjzwftqHk;pD&ifr,fh ]bmabvG'f}(]vG'f}wHcg;ayguf)[m ]vl'D,mem}yJjzpfaMumif; owfrSwfcJhyg w,f/ 'ghtjyif 'Dae&mrSm ]bdkiftwf}vufcHzdYt k wGuf [mZ&wf rqD[f armftl;'f()ocifudk,fwdkif um'D,mefrS<ujref;vmcJhwmaMumifh *srm twfom;awG[m 'Dae&mudk txl;*½kpdkufoifhygw,f/ yxrcvDzm[focif u rqD[farmftl;'f()ocifxHrSm bdkiftwf,lzykdY efMum;wJhtcg ocifBuD; u bdkiftwfay;wJhtpDtpOfudk um'D,mefrSmjyKvkyfrSmr[kwfaMumif; rdefYMum;cJhNyD;? tJ'Daemuf xdktpDtpOfudk vl'D,memrSm jyKvkyfcyJh gw,f/ 'DNrdKUu yD&q f lzDt[fr'f*sefqm[dbf[m rqD[farmftl;'f()ocif raMunmrDuyif uG,fvGefoGm;cJhNyD; ol[m ocifBuD; raMunmrDuyif ocifhudk ,HkMunfEdkipf Grf;&&SdcJholawGxJuwpfOD;jzpfygw,f/ olu uG,fvGef cgeD;rSm rdom;pkwpfckvHk;udk pk½Hk;ac:,lvsuf ][mZ&wf rD&fZmqm[dbf[m rqD[fjzpfaMumif; a<u;aMumfvdrfhr,f? tJ'Dtcg toifwdkYtm;vHk; olYudk vufcH,kMH unfMuyg}vdkY rSmMum;cJhygw,f/ 'DvdkeJY olY&JU rdom;pkwpfckvHk;[m rqD[farmftl;'f()ocifudk ,HkMunfvufcHcJhMuygw,f/ yD&frefZl;&frdk[r®'f qm[dbf? yD&ftdzfawcg;&ft[fr'fqm[dbfwdkY[m qlzDt[fr'f*sefqm[dbf &JU om;awGjzpfNyD; yxrcvDzm[focif&JUZeD;u qlzDqm[dbf&JU orD;jzpfyg w,f/} rGwfpfavarmftl;'focifu rdefYMum;ygw,f/ ]uRefawmfq h E´t& 'DtaqmuftOD&JU yHkoP²mefudk aoaocsmcsm a&;qGJNyD;? bdkiftwfpwifvufcHcJhwaJh e&mudk oD;oefaY e&mwpfcjk yKvkyaf pcsiyf gw,f/ 'gwifru 'DtpDtpOfeJYwNGJ yD; 'DNrdKUrSm *svq f mwpfck usif;yapcsiyf gw,f/ vl 40 xHrS rqD[farmftl;'f()ocifBuD; bdkiftwfvufcHcJhwaJh e&mrSm olwt dkY m;vHk;&JU emrnfawGudk a&;xdk;xm;apcsifygw,f/}


usrf;jrwfuk&ftmefudk cspfcifpHkrufjcif; 14

tv’m[ft&Sifjrwf&JU aus;Zl;awmfjzifh vl'D,memNrdKUu xdktaqmuftOD [m *srmtwf&JUydkifqdkifrIatmufrSm&Sdygw,f/ 'DtaqmuftODeJYywfoufvdkY *srmtwfu bmawGpDpOfaqmif&GufaeovJqdkwm uRefawmfx h H wifjycsuf a&mufrvmao;ygbl;/ odkYaomf rnfodkYqdkap *srmtwfu xdt k aqmuf tODudk aumif;pGm jyKjyifxed f;odrf;xm;ygw,f/ wpfzef ]vl'D,mem}NrdKUESifh ]rGwfpfavarmftl;'ftem*wåda[mudef;}taMumif; udak jymMum;vsuf rGwfpfavarmftl;'focifu ckvdk rdefYMum;ygw,f/ ]wrefawmfjrwf()u rdrda&SUrSm *sEéwfrSpyspfcdkifwpfck qufojcif;cH&NyD; 'gu tbl*s[vftwGufjzpfaMumif; tdyfrufrSm jyojcif;cH&ygw,f/ 'g&JU teufzGifhqdkcsufu olY&JUom; tduf&mrm[m *sEéwfu&dk &SdrSmjzpfaMumif; &nfñTef;jcif;jzpfygw,f/ 'Dtwdkif;yJ jzpfcJhygw,f/ tv’m[ft&Sifjrwfu tbl*s[vf&JUom;udk b,favmufawmif rGejf rwfoljzpfapcJhovJqdk&if ol[m omoemtwGuf tvGefBuD;us,fcrf;em;wJh pGefYvTwfay;qyfrIawG jyKcJhygw,f/ ppfyGJwpfckrSm rGwfpvifawG[m tvGefjyif;xefwJh tusyf twnf;wpfcke&JY ifqdkifcJh&NyD; c&pf,mefav;onfawmfawGu rGwfpvif awGudk jrm;rsm;jzifh w&pyfypfcwfaewmaMumifh om0uawG trsm;tjym; usqHk;cJh&ygw,f/ tduf&mrmu 'Dtjzpfudk rMunhf&ufEdkiaf Mumif;ajymNyD; rdrdukdwkdufcdkufcGifhjyKzkdY olYtxufu tBuD;tuJukd ajymvdkufygw,f/ 'DvdkeJY ol[m ol&Jaumif; 60 udk OD;aqmifNyD; &efolppfwyf&JU A[dkcsufudk wdkufcdkufcJhygw,f/ tvGefjyif;xefpGm xdk;ppfqifcJhwmaMumifh &efolYppfwyf acgif;aqmifawG[m toufvGwf&mudk xGufajy;cJh&ygw,f/ 'Dvdktm;jzifh &efolYppfwyf[mvnf; upOfhuvsm; jzpfoGm;ygw,f/ toufay;paw;cJhwJh xdo k l&Jaumif;awG[m b,favmuf&J&ifhpGm wdkufcdkufcJhMuovJqdk&if tpövmrfph pfonfawmfawG olwdkYtem;udk a&mufvmwJhtcsdefrSm tm;vHk; eD;yg; &S[D;'fjzpfcJhMuovdk? wcsdKUuvnf; tjyif;txef 'Pf&m&cJhMuyg w,f/ [mZ&wf tduf&mrm()vnf;yJ jyif;xefpGm 'Pf&m&xm;ygw,f/ wyfMuyfwpfOD;u aomufa&,lNy;D 'Pf&m&olawGtem; a&mufvmygw,f/


usrf;jrwfuk&ftmefudk cspfcifpHkrufjcif; 15

olu yxrOD;qHk; tduf&mrmudk a&ay;ygw,f/ 'gayrJh [mZ&wf ql[dkif;vfu aomufa&bufodkY vSrf;Munhfaewmudk tduf&mrmu jrif vdkufwmaMumifh ]ql[dkif;vfudk t&ifwku d fvdkufyg? NyD;rS uRefawmf aomufyg r,f? rdrdnDaemifwpfOD; a&iwfqmavmifaecsdefrSm uREkfyu f a&aomufae wmrsdK; rvkyfcsifbl;}vdkY ajymvdkufygw,f/ 'Dtcg wyfMuyfu [mZ&wf ql[dkif;vfxH aomufa&,loGm;wJhtcg olYteD;rSm ][m&dZfbifa[&Sr}f u jyif;xefw'Jh Pf&mawGeJY vJaeygw,f/ ][m&dZfudk t&ifwdkufvdkufyg}vdkY ql[dkif;vfu ajymygw,f/ 'DvdkeJY wyfMuyfu [m&dZftem;udka&mufawmh olYrSm toufr&Sdawmhygbl;/ tJ'Duae ql[dkif;vf&JUtem;udk jyefa&mufvm awmh olvnf;yJ toufr&Sdawmhygbl;/ 'daemuf ol[m tduf&mrm&JU teD;udk jyefa&mufvmawmh ol0Y dnmOfvnf; ysHxGufoGm;cJhNyD;jzpfygw,f/ 'gu tbl*s[vf&JUom; tduf&mrmygyJ/ 'gaMumifh qdk;oGrf;ol? omoemr&Sd ol? vdrfnmolwpfa,mufu arG;zGm;vmwJh om;uvnf; olYzciftwdkif;yJ jzpfvdrfhr,fvdkY b,folrStwwfrajymEdkifygbl;/ tv’m[ft&Sifjrwf&JU EIwfuygXfawmfawGrSm 'geJYqufEG,fwJh oufaotaxmuftxm;jyKcsuf awG rsm;pGm&Sdygw,f/ oufaoom"ur&SdwJh udpöqdk&ifawmh vufcEH dkifp&m vnf; taMumif;r&Sdygbl;/} 'gu tv’m[ft&SifjrwfxaH wmfrS BudKwifAsm'dwfay;csufawG[m tb,fyHk tb,fenf; jynhfpHkaMumif;udk &nfñTef;jcif;jzpfygw,f/ wrefawmfjrwf ()u tbl*s[vfudk *sEéwfrSma&mufaeaMumif;? olYudk pyspfcdkifvSrf;ay; aeaMumif; tdyfrufjrifrufwJhtcg 'g[m b,fvdkvkyf jzpfEdkifyghrvJqdkNyD; pdk;&drfpdwfjzpfcJhygw,f/ 'Dtdyfruf&JUqdkvdk&if;u tbl*s[vf&JUom;[m ]tDrmef}ouf0if,HkMunfvmvdrfhr,f? tpövmrftwGuf NydKifpH&Sm;wJh pGefYvTwf ay;qyfrIawGjyKvdrfhr,fqdkwmudk &nfñeT f;jcif;jzpfygw,f/} rGwfpfavarmftl;'focifu qufvufrdefYMum;ygw,f/ ]rqD[farmftl;'f()ocif&JU (rGwfpfavarmftl;'f) tem*wåda[mudef;rSm vnf; tjcm;BudKwifAsm'dwfrsm;enf;wl oufaoom"uawG rsm;pGm&Sdyg


usrf;jrwfuk&ftmefudk cspfcifpHkrufjcif; 16

w,f/ um'D,mefu vlawGyifvQif ocifhudk rodao;wJh tajctaersdK;rSm ocifu ckvBdk udKwifAsm'dwu f dk xkwfjyefcw Jh mjzpfygw,f/ um'D,mefu tawmfrsm;rsm; oufBuD;&G,ftdkawGu rdrdwdkY[m rqD[farmftl;'f() ocifudk tvQif;rodcJhaMumif;? *dkvmrfrl&fwZmqm[dbfxHrSm rD&fZm*dkvmrf um'&fqdkwJh om;wpfa,mufyJ&Sdw,fvdkY rdrdwdkYxifcJhaMumif; ajymjyavh &Sdygw,f/ 'Dawmh rdrdudk,fwdkifu rxifr&Sm;aecJ&h NyD; rdrdarG;&yfajru vltm;vHk;yif rodMuao;wJh ckvdk yk*¾dKvfwpfa,mufu ]tv’m[ft&Sifjrwf [m rdrdudk om;orD;awG ay;oem;vdrfhr,f? xdkom;orD;awG[m touf &SnfpGmae&vdrfhr,f? xdkom;orD;rsm;teuf om;wpfa,muf[m urÇm ajrBuD;pGef;wdkif ausmfaZmvdrfhr,f? olYtm;jzifh omoemjyK jzefYcsdjcif;u vnf; ajrBuD;pGef;wdkiaf &muf&Sdvdrfhr,fqdkNyD; BudKwifAsm'dwfxkwfjyefcJhjcif; aMumifh 'g[m olYoabmjzifh ajymqdkwJhpum;jzpfEdkifyghrvm;/ 'gwifru ygbl;/ ocifu BudKwifAsm'dwfrSm ]xdkom;awmf[m oHk;udk av;jzpfapr,f} vdkY qdkxm;ygw,f/ 'guvnf; xdkom;awmf[m BudKwifAsm'dwf xkwfjyef NyD;aemuf pwkw¬ESpfrSm zGm;jrifrSmjzpfaMumif; &nfñTef;jcif;jzpfygw,f/ ocifu BudKwifAsm'dwfudk 1886 ckESpfrSmxkwjf yefcJhNyD; uRefawmf[m 1889 ckESpf Zefe0g&Dv 12 &ufaeYrSm arG;zGm;cJhygw,f/ [mZ&wf rqD[farmftl;'f()ocifu rwfv 23 &uf? 1889 ckESpf vl'D,memNrdKUrSm OD;qHk;]bdkiftwf}vufcHcJhygw,f/ rqD[farmftl;'f() ocif&JU 'DBudKwifAsm'dwf[m *srmtwftwGif;rSma&m? jyifyavmurSmyg tvGefausmfMum;ygw,f/ xdkom;awmf[m b,foljzpfvdrfhrvJqdkNyD; ar;Mu ygw,f/ BudKwifAsm'dwfrSmu xdkom;awmf&JUtrnf[m ]rm[frl;'f}vdkY ajym xm;wmaMumifh rqD[farmftl;'f()ocifu uRefawmfhtrnfukd ]rm[frl;'f}qdkNyD; ay;cJhygw,f/ 'ghtjyif BudKwifAsm'dwfrSm xdkom;awmfudk ]'kwd,b&SD;&f}vdkYvnf; rSnfhac:xm;wmaMumifh uRefawmfhudk ]b&SD;&Gwf'D;ef rm[frl;'ft[fr'f}qdkNyD; emrnfay;cJhygw,f/ om;orD;arG;zGm;jcif;ESifh olwkdY tm;vHk; touf&SnfpGmae&jcif;qdkwJh BudKwifAsm'dwfyg tpdwt f ydkif;awG


usrf;jrwfuk&ftmefudk cspfcifpHkrufjcif; 17

[m jynhfpHkcJhovdk? om;wpfa,mufudkvnf; ]rm[frl;'f}qdkNyD; trnfay;oGm; EdkifcJhygw,f/ 'gayrJh 'DBudKwifAsm'dwf[m b,fom;awmfeJYoufqdkifovJ qdkwmudk urÇmavmuwpfckvHk;u apmifharQmfaeygw,f/ 'gaMumifh ,aeY 'DtaMumif;udak jymMum;zdkYyJ uREfky[ f m vl'D,memudk a&mufvmcJhjcif; jzpfygw,f/ vl'D,memNrdKU[m t[fr'D,m*srmtwfeJY ½IaxmifhtrsdK;rsdK;rS qufEG,frI&Sdaeygw,f/ wpfckaomqufEG,fru I - rqD[farmftl;'f() ocif[m 'DNrdKUrSm yxrOD;qHk; bdkiftwfopömay;jcif;jzpfygw,f/ 'kwd, qufEG,frIu- ocifBuD;&JUaemuf yxrcvDzm[fjzpfvmcJhwJh armfv0D qm[dbf[mvnf; vl'D,memNrdKUrS [mZ&wf rGef&SDt[fr'f*sefqm[dbf&UJ orD;eJY tdrfaxmifuscJhygw,f/ wwd,qufEG,frIu- BudKwifAsm'dwaf y; jcif;cH&wJh om;awmf[m rqD[farmftl;'f()ocif&JU 'kwd,ZeD;rS zGm;jrif cJhNyD; olr[m vl'D,memNrdKUrSm aexdkifczJh l;ygw,f/} rGwfpfavarmftl;'focifu qufvufrdefYMum;ygw,f/ ]uRefawmf rSwfrdygao;w,f/ i,fpOftcgu uRefawmf[m 'DNrdKUrSm umv twefMum aecJhzl;ygw,f/ tJ'Dwkef;u tvGefi,fao;wmaMumifh xdktcsdef umv&JU xl;xl;jcm;jcm;udpöawGudkawmh rrSwfrad wmhygbl;/ xdkpOfu uRefawmfh touf 2 ESpf? 2 ESpfcGJcefY&Sdygvdrfhr,f/ tjzpftysufwpfckudkyJ rSwfrdygw,f/ uRefawmfwdkYaewJh tdrfu vrf;ajzmifhBuD;&JU xdyfbufrSm&Syd g w,f/ wpfcgu uRefawmf tdrftjyifbufux dk Gufvmawmh tjcm;wpfzufrS vmaewJh aumifav;wpfa,mufu uRefawmhftem;a&mufvmNyD; tdrf ajrmif taowpfaumifudk uRefawmfhqD vSrf;ypfvdkufygw,f/ uRefawmf tvGex f dwfvefYoGm;wmaMumifh tdrfxJudk idkNyD;ajy;0ifoGm;ygw,f/ tJ'Du aps;yHkpu H dkvnf; uRefawmfrSwfrdygw,f/ ckawmh b,fyHkpHajymif;oGm;ovJ rodayrJh xdkpOfwkef;u vrf;ajzmifhay:rSmwnfaqmufxm;wJh aps;ygyJ/ uRefawmf[m i,fpOfu vaygif;rsm;pGm 'DNrdKUrSm aecJhygw,f/ 'gaMumifh 'DNrdKU[m t[fr'D,wfESifh ½IaxmifhtrsdK;rsdK;rSqufEG,frI&Sdaeygw,f/


usrf;jrwfuk&ftmefudk cspfcifpHkrufjcif; 18

'gayrJh uRefawmf pOf;pm;rdygw,f/ tv’m[ft&SifjrwfxHu wpfpHkwpf&m aMunmvdkufwJhtcg xdkaMunmcsufudk vlawG[m rkcs qefYusifMuwmygyJ/ vm[dNk rdKUrSm *svfqmjyKvyk v f suf ]rGwfpfavarmftl;'f}tem*wåad [mudef; [m uREkfyfxHrSm jynhfpHkNyDjzpfaMumif; aMunmcJhpOfu qefYusifrIr&Scd Jhygbl;/ bmaMumifh rqefYusifcJhwmygvJ/ odkYaomf vl'D,memudka&mufNyD;? NrdKUxJudk 0ifa&mufjzwfoef;vmcsdefrSmyJ vltkyfpkwpfcku (etlZkbDv’m[f) ]rD&fZm aoNyD? rD&fZmaoNyD}vdkY qlyl[pfa<u;cJMh uygw,f/ 'gu uRefawmfwt kdY wGuf bmrS rxl;jcm;ygbl;/ olwdkY[m wrefawmfjrwf()&JU oGefoifcsuu f dk arhvdkufjcif;aMumifhyJ ckvdk avSmifajymifjyuf&,fjyKaeMujcif;jzpfygw,f/ 'gayrJh rqD[farmftl;'f()ocif&JU BudKwifAsm'dwf[m tvGecf rf;em; xnf0gpGm jynhfpo Hk Gm;cJhygw,f/} rGwfpfavarmftl;'focifu vl'D,memNrdKUom;awGtwGuf ckvdk 'dktmjyKvkyf cJhygw,f/ ]tv’m[ft&Sifjrwfonf vl'D,memNrdKUom;awGudk rqD[farmftl;'f() ociftm; ,HkMunfvufcHEdkifpGrf;ay;oem;awmfrlygap/ ,aeYrSm qefYusif a<u;aMumfrIawGjyKaeMuayrJh wpfaeYrSmawmh olwkdY[m ocifBuD;&JU rSefuef rIudk axmufcHa<u;aMumfolawGjzpfvmygap/} ]qG[mbm}om0uwpfyg;&JU rqD[farmftl;'f()ociftay: xm;&SdwJh cspfjcif;arwåmtaMumif;udk azmfjyvsuf rGwfpfavarmft;l 'focifu ckvdk rdefYMum;ygw,f/ ]rD,meftAf'Gv’m[fqm[dbq f aemif&(D )uvnf; rqD[farmftl;'f() ocifudk tvGefcspyf gw,f/ wpfcgrSm ol[m um'D,mefudka&mufvmNyD; rqD[farmftl;'f()ocifeJY awGYqHkygw,f/ rqD[farmftl;'f()ocifu olYudk udpöwpfcktwGuf tultnDawmif;xm;ygw,f/ 'DvdkeJY olY&JU cGifh&uf ukefqHk;oGm;wJhtcg olu rqD[farmftl;'f()ocifxHrS jyefzdkYcGifhawmif;wJh tcg ocifBuD;u ]cPaeygOD;}vdkY rdefYMum;ygw,f/ 'gaMumifh olu


usrf;jrwfuk&ftmefudk cspfcifpHkrufjcif; 19

cGifh&ufwdk;jr§ifhay;zdkY ½Hk;udk yefMum;pma&;vdkufygw,f/ 'gayrJh aemufxyf cGifh&ufwdk;ray;EdkifawmhaMumif; jyefpma&mufvmygw,f/ olu 'Dudpöudk rqD[af rmftl;'f()ocifxH wifjyygw,f/ 'DtcgrSm ocifBuD;u ]cPaeygOD;}vdkY rdefYMum;jyefygw,f/ olu rdrdtaejzifh ,ck rvmEdkiaf o; aMumif; ½Hk;udpk ma&;vdkufygw,f/ ½Hk;u olYudk tvkyrf Sxkwfypfvdkufygw,f/ rqD[farmftl;'f()ocifu olYuadk exkdifzdkY rdefYMum;wJh umvwpfavQmuf vHk; 4 v odkYr[kwf 6 vcefY ol[m um'D,mefrSmyJ aexdkifcJhygw,f/ tJ'Daemuf um'D,mefrjS yefvmwJhtcg olYudk tvkyfuaexkwfypfcw Jh Jh t&m&Sx d HrSm wu,fwrf; ckvv dk kyfydkifcGifhr&Sw d JhtaMumif; ½Hk;u olYudk ajymygw,f/ 'DvdkeJY ol[m rlvae&mrSm jyefvnfcefYxm;jcif;cH&ygw,f/ 'gwifru um'D,mefrSmaexdkifcJhorQ vGefcJhwv Jh awGtwGufvnf; vpmaiG &&SdcJhygw,f/} 'geJYtvm;wl uyl&fxvmNrdKUom; rGef&SDZz&ft[fr'fqm[dbfeJY qufEG,fwJh Oyrmwpfckuv dk nf; rGwfpfavarmftl;'focifu ajymjyygw,f/ rGef&SDqm[dbfu ajymjyygw,f/ ]uRefawmf[m uyl&fxvmNrdKU w&m;½Hk;rSm tvkyfvkyfygw,f/ wpfcgrSm uRefawmf[m um'D,mefodkY tvnf oGm;a&mufcJhNyD; wwd,&ufrSm jyefzkdYciG fhawmif;wJhtcg rqD[farmftl;'f ()ocifu ]aeygOD;}vdkY ajymygw,f/ 'DvdkaMumifh ocifBuD;xHrSm jyef&ef cGifhawmif;zdkY roifah wmhbl;? ocifBuD;udk,fwdkifyJ cGifhay;ygvdrfhr,fvdkY em;vnfcJhygw,f/ wpfvukefvGefoGm;ygw,f/ wpfzufrSmuvnf; tvkyf awG&yfqdkif;oGm;wmaMumifh ½Hk;uae tdrfudk pmawG tqufrjywf a&muf vmaeygw,f/ 'DbufrSm uRefawmfhtajctaeu xdkpmawGeJYywfoufvdkY awG;awmifrawG;rdygbl;/ udpötm;vHk;udk uRefawmf arhoGm;ygNyD/ ocifBuD; &JU teD;tyg;rSm tvGefMunfEl;aysmf&TifaewmaMumifh uRefawmf[m tvkyf jyKwfrSmudv k nf; raMumufcJhovdk? tar;tjref;cH&rSmudkvnf; rpdk;&drfcyJh g bl;/ aemufq;Hk rSm tvGefjyif;xefpGm owday;pmwpfapmifa&mufvmyg w,f/ uRefawmfu tJ'Dpmudk rqD[farmftl;'f()ocifxHrSm wifquf


usrf;jrwfuk&ftmefudk cspfcifpHkrufjcif; 20

vdkufygw,f/ ocifBuD;u pmudkzwfNyD;aemuf ],ck rvmEdkifao;bl;}vdkY pmjyefa&;vdkufygqdkNyD; rdefYMum;ygw,f/ uRefawmfuvnf; ocifBuD; rdefYMum;awmfrlwJh pum;vHk;twdkif;yJ a&;vdkufygw,f/ 'DvdkeJY aemufxyf wpfvukefoGm;jyefygw,f/ wpf&ufrSm ocifBuD;u ]b,fESpf&uf&SdoGm;NyDvJ} vdkY ar;ygw,f/ tJ'Daemuf ocifBuD;udk,fwdkifyJ a&wGufNyD; ]aumif;ygNyD? cifAsm; jyefEdkifygNyD}vdkY rdefYMum;ygw,f/ 'DvdkeJY uRefawmf jyefvmcJhygw,f/ uyl&fxvmudka&mufawmh uRefawmfeJYywfoufvdkY b,fvt dk pDtpOf&SdovJ qdkwmod&atmif uRefawmf tvkyfvkyfae&wJh w&m;cGiu f w&m;olBuD; ]vmvm[&fusef'gpf} tdrfudkoGm;ygw,f/ olYtdrfudka&mufawmh olu]pma&;BuD;? cifAsm;udk rD&fZmqm[dbfu jyefzYckd Gifhray;wmyJjzpfrSmyg}vdo kY m ajymygw,f/ uRefawmfu ][kwfygw,f}vdkYajzw,f/ 'DtcgrSm w&m;olBuD; u ]olYtrdefYu ydkta&;BuD;ygw,f}vdkY ajymygw,f/} rGwfpfavarmftl;'focifu rdefYMum;ygw,f/ ]'g[m cspfjcif;arwåm&JU tvGefjrifhrm;wJh pHerlemawGudk jyocJhwJh tkyfpk wpfckygyJ/ 'gaMumifh uRefawmfwdkY *srmtwftkyfpkxJrSm b,favmufyJ tm;enf;csufawG&Sdygap? b,favmufyJ ayghavsmhrIawG&Sdygap uRefawmf wdkY[m a&S;,cif *srmtwftkyfpkawGa&SUrSm acgif;razmf0pHh &mtaMumif; r&Sd awmhygbl;/ tu,fí wrefawmfrlpm()&JUom0uawGu uRefawmfwdkY a&SUrSm olwkdY&JUpHerlemawGudk jyoMur,fqdk&if uRefawmfwkdYuvnf; olwdkY a&SUrSm 'Dtkyfpk&JUpHerlemudk wifqufEdkifygw,f/ xdkenf;wl au,mrwfaeY rSm wrefawmftDpm&JUom0uawGu olwkdY&JUpGrf;aqmifrIawGudk wifjyMuwJh tcg uRefawmfwdkYuvnf; tvGef*kPf,lpGmjzifh rdrw d kYd qG[mbm om0u awG&JU pHerlemudk olwdkYa&SUrSm wifqufjyoEdkifygw,f/ 'gaMumifh wrefawmfjrwf()u- ]uREfkyf&JU tGr®wfESifh r[f'D&JU tGr®wfMum;rSm b,fvdk uGmjcm;rI&SdrvJqdkwm rajymwwfatmify}J vdkY rdefYawmfrlcJh&jcif;jzpfygw,f/ wu,fawmh xdkuJhodkYaom yk*¾dKvfawGaMumifhyJ ckvdk rdefYMum;cJh&jcif;jzpfyg w,f/ olwdkY[m tblbuú&f()? tlr&f()? tGwfprmef;()? tvD()eJY


usrf;jrwfuk&ftmefudk cspfcifpHkrufjcif; 21

tjcm;om0ursm;uJhodkY tvHk;pHkudk pGefYvTwfay;qyfcMJh uNyD; tv’m[ft&Sif jrwf&JUvrf;awmfrSm 'ku©tcuftcJ[lorQu&dk ifqdkifzkdY toifh&SdcMJh uolawG jzpfygw,f/ yxrcvDzm[focif()udkyJ OyrmMunfhyg/ ocifhudk tv’m[ft&Sifjrwf u *srmtwftwGif;rSm xl;jcm;wJh *kPftqifhtwef;udk csD;jr§ifhxm;NyD; jzpfwmaMumifh uRefawmf[m ocifhudk trnfwyfac:a0:rIrjyK&jcif; jzpfygw,f/ ocifh&JU ]uk&fbmeD}pGefYvTwfay;qyfrIawGuvnf; tHhMoavmuf p&mygyJ/ um'D,mefudk ocifa&mufvmpOftcgu ]ab&m}NrdKUrSm ocifu aq;cef;zGifhxm;NyD;jzpfygw,f/ aq;ay;cef;zGifhxm;NyD; tvkyfu tvGef us,fjyefYygw,f/ ocifu um'D,mefuae jyefzdkYtwGuf rqD[farmftl;'f ()ocifxHrSm cGifhawmif;wJt h cg ocifBuD;u ]b,foGm;rSmvJ? 'DrSmyJae yg}vdrkY defYMum;ygw,f/ tJ'Daemuf yxrcvDzm[focif[m rdrd&JU toHk; taqmifypönf;awGu, dk lzdkYawmif ]ab&m}NrdKUudrk oGm;awmhbJ tjcm; wpfa,mufudkvTwfNyD; ,lcdkif;cJhygw,f/ ,ckvdk ]uk&fbmeD}ay;qyfraI wGuyJ ]*srmtwf}tkyfpak wGudk tv’m[ft&Sifjrwf&JUa&SUawmfrSm tvGef xl;jcm;wJh tqifhow dkY dkif a&muf&Sdapjcif;jzpfygw,f/ 'Dtqifhtwef;udk &zkdYtwGuf vlyk*¾dKvfwdkif;u BudK;yrf;tm;xkwf&ygr,f/ tawG;tac:udktajccHwJh ,HkMunfro I ufoufu vlom;twGuf bmrQtoHk;r0ifbJ cspfjcif;arwåm ygwJh ,HkMunfjcif;omvQif toHk;0ifrSmjzpfygw,f/ tawG;tac:udk tajccH wJh ,HkMunfow l pfa,mufu rdrd&JUcspfjcif;udk b,favmufyif a<u;aMumf ygap? 'g[m oufaoouúm,wpfckuvGJvdkY wjcm;bmrQr[kwfygbl;/ taMumif;uawmh ol[m trSefw&m;udk ESvHk;om;rsufpdjzifh jrifcJh&wm r[kwfbJ OD;aESmufrsufpdjzifh MunhfcJhjcif;aMumifhjzpfygw,f/ odkYaomf tv’m[ft&SifjrwfxHawmfrSa&mufvmwJh trSefw&m;udk OD;aESmufrsufpdjzifh r[kwfbJ ESvHk;om;rsufpdjzifh odjrifNyD;olwpfa,mufudk rnfolurQ vSnhfpm;vdkY r&Edkifygbl;/}


usrf;jrwfuk&ftmefudk cspfcifpHkrufjcif; 22

tv’m[ft&Sifjrwfonf uRefawmfwdkYtm;vHk;udk acwfumv atrmrftm; ESvk;H om;rsufpdjzifh jrifEdkifpGrf;ay;oem;awmfrlygap/ 'ghtjyif xdkokdY jrifEdkif pGrf;ay:wGif xm0&NrJjrHpGm &yfwnfEdkif&ef pGrf;tm;ay;oem;awmfrlygap/ tv’m[ft&Sifjrwf&JU trSwfvu©PmawGudk tpOftNrJ odjrifem;vnfol awGjzpfEdkifNyD;? ]½dIifwef}&JUvSnhfpm;rIatmufodkY rnfonfhtcgrQ ra&muf&yg apESifh/ -tmrD;efà à à 2015 ck Zlvdkifv 24 &uf? touf 94 ESpft&G,fwGif uG,fvGefcJhonfh um'D,mefr'S &fa0h&SfwpfOD;jzpfol Maulavi Khurshid Ahmad Sahib twGuf *Rr®mermZftNyD;wGif cvDzm[focifrS *semZm*gtdAfermZf 0wfjyKcJh ygonf/


Turn static files into dynamic content formats.

Create a flipbook
Issuu converts static files into: digital portfolios, online yearbooks, online catalogs, digital photo albums and more. Sign up and create your flipbook.