JUNE 2011
For the local community and visitors to Williamsburg, Virginia
A head for fashion Visiting Colonial Williamsburg’s Wig Maker Shop By Bob Ruegsegger hen it came to Colonial fashion, the ladies and gentlemen of Virginia considered an elegant wig to be the piéce de résistance. Virginia’s founding fathers, with the exception of George Washington, were simply slaves to fashion. Today, those who crave wigs, perukes, created with the same techniques and quality of craftsmanship as those worn by Peyton Randolph, Patrick Henry, and George Wythe come to the Wig Shop on Duke of Gloucester Street in Colonial Williamsburg to place their orders. No other place in the world produces wigs using exactly the same methods and quality of materials employed by wigmakers in Colonial Virginia. When museums, like the Smithsonian, need an exact reproduction of an 18th-century wig for an exhibit, they know they can appeal to Colonial Williamsburg for assistance. “There are modern shops that make hand-tied wigs and other places that make wigs for the theater, but this is the only location where we actually sit down and reproduce wigs from the past,” observes Betty Myers, supervisor at CW’s Wigmaker’s Shop. “It’s very important that this trade not only be recognized but also be preserved. You can’t really see this anywhere else. Places in London have wig shops that make wigs for barristers. Some of those have been operating since the 1600’s. They have modified some of their work whereas we try to keep it period correct.” Betty Myers has been with Colonial Williamsburg since 1975. She’s a journeyman wigmaker who will soon be promoted to master. Myers began workPhotos By Bob Ruegsegger In the 18th century, a peruke was a manʼs wig ing at the Wig Shop in 1981. “That’s a long time. I’ve been through a lot,” says Myers with a smile. “It is a very scary thought to Preserving the trade of think of the next generation wig making for posterity and that we have only one aphas been among Myers’ prentice at the moment. That’s major concerns. There are a heavy burden for her to bear,” three journeymen wigmakacknowledges Myers. “When ers at the shop and that inDebbie Turpin completes her cludes Supervisor Myers. apprenticeship, we hope that Unfortunately, there is the down the road, because she is only apprentice. She is in the youngest member of our the fifth year of her six crew, that she will fill my posiyear apprenticeship. With tion as master. We hope that the three journeymen are she decides to stay with us all over 50 years of age, once she finishes her apprenthere is legitimate concern ticeship.” over how long the wigModern wigs are produced by maker’s trade will continue machine. Visitors regularly to survive in the Colonial come through the wig shop, capital. Menʼs wigs adorn the front window of the wig makers shop. male and female, sporting wigs
W
Tim Jacoby has been volunteering at the Wig Shop. “I have a lot of fun. Itʼs nice to dress up and play,” notes Jacoby.
and hairpieces made by machine. Wigs at CW’s Wig shop are all made by hand. Myers and her staff use primary sources in producing their hirsute masterpieces. English translations of Garceau and Diderot and 18th century period pieces are their bibles. “We use those resources to follow through in our research and also in making our reproductions,” notes Myers. “Many of the wigs we produce are much more elaborate and heavier in weight than modern wigs. Today, if a lady wears a full wig, she doesn’t want it to be recognized as a wig. She wants it to be natural looking. We’re doing the opposite. In the 18th century, wigs were status symbols. People wanted others to know that they were wearing a wig.” Edward Charlton was one of the most prominent wigmakers in Williamsburg. Charlton’s home, an original building, is next door to the Wig Shop. An original account book was found in the attic of his home. His list of clientele included Thomas Jefferson, Patrick Henry, Peyton Randolph, and George Wythe. Charlton also catered to middling townspeople, doctors, lawyers, and politicians. The wigs they ordered generally cost two pounds, three shillings. Two pounds, three shillings was the equivalent of a journeyman’s wages for a month. Only about five percent of the population in Virginia could afford to shop at the Charleton’s wig shop. “For two pounds, three shillings, you could buy half an acre of land or a Continued on page 6
2 The Gazette Extra June 2011
Photos By Ann Efimetz
Gazebow, NewTown
What ever you want New Town has it Shopping, dinning, and more awaits New Town is a unique destination which combines retail, restaurants, business and residential living all in one location. New Town, which is located off Monticello Avenue, boasts a variety of dining and shopping experiences. The 12-screen Regal movie theater is the centerpiece, setting the stage for entertainment, making New Town an ideal place to spend time with friends and family. Newly opened Jo-Ann Fabrics & Crafts and Sweet Frog Frozen Yogurt join other Main Street Shops which run the gamut from Chico’s and Bath & Body Works to Barnes & Noble and Kay Jewelers. American Family Fitness is currently under construction and will open soon. Whatever you are looking for, chances are you will find it in New Town. You can purchase books, artwork, apparel, gifts, wine, jewelry and other distinctive items at various locations.
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Whether your appetite calls for Italian fare or steak, you will find it in New Town. There are several restaurants featuring upscale dining including Opus 9 to the casual atmosphere of Buffalo Wild Wings. Several area businesses have located to New Town including Sentara Urgent Care which is open daily for walk-in medical care. Residential options in New Town include traditional homes, garden apartments, town and carriage homes and condominiums. You can walk almost anywhere with walking and biking trails linking the community. The Williamsburg Trolley stops in New Town on its daily loop through town, providing an easy way for locals and visitors to travel.
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The Gazette Extra June 2011 3
New Town Calendarof Events 4 The Gazette Extra June 2011
SUMMERTIME OUTDOOR CONCERTS Sullivan Square behind 2007 Legacy Hall 4301 New Town Avenue
Tickets may be purchased online or at the door $7 adult 16 and under free Food and beer available • Fun kid activities Scheduled Bands and Dates (subject to change) June 23, 6-9:30 pm - Slapwater ••• June 30, 6-9:30 pm - The English Channel
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Calendarof Events June 1-30: “Seed to Stalk” Theme Month at Jamestown Settlement & Yorktown Victory Center. Explore American agriculture of the 17th century during an interpretive theme month with hands-on activities at Jamestown Settlement. Throughout the month, visitors can try their hand at tending and watering gardens, and learn about the many practical uses of herbs and plants. At the Yorktown Victory Center, explore cultivation methods in the 18th century. Admission. Children under 6 free. Free parking at both museums. (888) 593-4682, www.historyisfun.org. June 4-5, 25-26, Aug. 6-7: Virginia National Softball Association Fastpitch tournaments. Jun 4-5, Crowne Plaza Colonial Invitational; Jun 25-26, Historic Triangle Battle Summer Classic; Aug 6-7, 9th Busch Gardens Williamsburg Classic. 4 Game Format. Generally 3 game pool play Saturday and Single Elimination Championship round Sunday 757-593-4716 or email nsawmbg@verizon.net. June 4-5, July 30-31, Aug. 27-28, Sept. 3-4: Busch Gardens LIVE (Concert Series). Performances from some of the most recognizable names in pop and rock. June 4-5, Colbie Caillat; July 30-31, Miranda Cosgrove; Aug. 27-28, Pat Benetar & Neil Giraldo; Sept. 3-4, Neil Sedaka. 800-3437946, www.buschgardens.com/va.
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Tour. In Williamsburg’s James River Plantation country explore Piney Grove at Southall’s Plantation collection of antiques, beautiful gardens and historic buildings, including interior Tours-by-theOwners of Piney Grove (1790), Ashland (1835) and Ladysmith (1857), and exterior visits to Dower Quarter (1830) and Duck Church (1917). Piney Grove at Southall’s Plantation is a Virginia Historic landmark and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places and as part of Virginia’s Civil Trails and Virginia’s Bird and Wildlife Trail. Admission. 804-829-2196, www.pineygrove.com. June 4 & 18: Virginia Indian Heritage Lectures at Jamestown Settlement. In conjunction with the “Werowocomoco: Seat of Power” special exhibition, Jamestown Settlement presents two evening public lectures at 7 p.m. June 4, “English MythMaking and Indian Reality: Early English Stereotypes of the Virginia Indians” by Helen C. Rountree, noted scholar and author on Virginia Indians. June 18, “Werowocomoco: Seat of Power” by Martin D. Gallivan, William & Mary associate professor of anthropology and guest curator of the Jamestown Settlement exhibition. The evening public lectures are free. 757-253-5185, 888-593-4682, historyisfun.org/werowocomoco.htm. June 8-July 31: Colonial Downs Thoroughbred Summer Horse Racing. Thoroughbred racing returns to Colonial Downs in New Kent. Wednesday, Thursday & Saturday at 4 p.m.; Sundays at 1 p.m. Highlights include runnings of the Colonial Turf Cup on June 18 and the Virginia Derby on July 16, along with fireworks nights on July 2 & 3. Harness racing returns in the fall. Admission. www.colonialdowns.com. June 11-12, 18-19, 26 (4 p.m.) : Glory at the Gardens. Busch Gardens Williamsburg. Sensational lineup of the top contemporary Christian and Gospel artists. All concerts are free for park guests. Mary Mary, June 11; Mercy Me and JJ Heller, June 12; Casting Crowns and Matt Maher, June 18; Donnie McClurkin, June 19; TobyMac and Sanctus Real, June 26. 800343-7946, www.buschgardens.com/va. June 11, July 9: Star Party/Laser Nights at the Virginia Living Museum in Newport News. Incredible state-of-the-art laser system splashes brilliant high-color LED laser
light all across the entire surface of the museum dome. Music to suit every taste, with different bands each month. Start the evening with a traditional planetarium program at 7:30 p.m. Lasers start at 8:30pm with a Family Fun Show, Hard Rock at 10 p.m., Pink Floyd at 11:30 p.m. Admission: $6/$10 double feature. 757-595-1900, www.thevlm.org. June 12: Colony Auto Enthusiast Car Show. 10 a.m.-3 p.m. A display of over 40 antique and collectors’ cars on Duke of Gloucester Street in Merchants Square, Williamsburg. The MG-”T” series will be featured, with models dating 1936-55. June 16, 23, 30, July 21, 28, Aug. 4, 11 (6:30 p.m.): “Shagging on the Riverwalk” Beach Music Series. Put on your dancing shoes for this annual concert series featuring a variety of beach music for all ages to enjoy. Take lawn chairs and blankets for seating. 425 Water St., Riverwalk Landing, Yorktown. 757-890-3500, www.yorkcounty.gov/tourism. Through June 18: I Love You, You’re Perfect, Now Change. Presented by the Williamsburg Players. Music by Jimmy Roberts, lyrics by Joe Dipietro, directed by Jeffrey Villines. This celebration of the mating game takes on the truths and myths behind relationships. This hilarious revue pays tribute to those who have loved and lost, to those who have fallen on their face at the portal of romance. 200 Hubbard Lane, Williamsburg. Admission. 757-2290431. June 21: Fee Free Days. Secretary of the Interior Ken Salazar announced that the National Park Service will waive admission fees on 17 selected dates throughout 2011. Locally, Colonial National Historical Park includes Historic Jamestowne and Yorktown Battlefield. In celebration of the first day of summer, enjoy free admission on June 21! 757-8982410. Ongoing: Colonial Williamsburg is the largest outdoor living museum in the country, with 500 public buildings, homes, shops and bars, most of them restored to their 18th century appearance. Character actors in period dress will take you back to the eve of the American Revolution, when Williamsburg was the political and cultural center of Britain’s largest colony. 800-HISTORY.
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The Gazette Extra June 2011 5
What Makes Your Town? Restaurants | Shopping | Movies | Homes & Apartments Health & Beauty | Professional Services & Banking
The people who shop, dine, do business and live here make New Town a special place.
Come Make New Town Your Town.
“Living here and enjoying the trails with my dog.” -Emily
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“Taking fitness classes, or cycling at IronBound Gym.” -Cliff
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6 The Gazette Extra June 2011 Terry Lyons, a journeyman wig maker by trade, enjoys offering her historical insight to the public.
Wig Maker Shop 402 W. Duke of Gloucester Street
Every Saturday
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— Children’s Day — June 4
Continued from front team of oxen,” notes Myers. “To put that in perspective, 95 percent of Virginians could barely put food upon their tables. Ninety-five percent of Virginians were the oxen. They were the ones plowing their fields. They couldn’t afford a team of oxen.” Governor Botetourt owned a wig that was valued at 65 pounds. most young journeymen just starting out would have been earning 25-35 pounds a year. A truly skilled veteran journeyman might be earning anywhere between 65 -75 pounds a year. “Wigs also were related to one’s social standing as well as to one’s occupation. There were
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clerical wigs and wigs for merchants, ship’s captains, lawyers, and physicians. It was a way of identifying them,” notes Myers. “It’s that way today. You can, perhaps, tell the difference between a physician and a sheriff by the clothing they wear. In the 18th century when you encountered various individuals on the Duke of Gloucester Street, you could tell their social ranking by the quality of their clothes, whether they were walking or riding in a carriage, and by the wig upon their head or lack there of. It was all tied in.” Betty Myers and her dedicated staff fabricate wigs by hand, employing the same variety of materials that were utilized by Colonial wigmakers in the 18th century. Human hair would be regarded as one of the better quality materials. Yak, horse, and angora goat hair were among the principal fibers used in 18th century wig making. Blending human hair with horse hair to make the wig more durable was a regular practice. All of the hair fiber, even horse hair, was imported. “The prevailing thought of the day was that imported goods were better, superior,” explains Myers. “You never wanted to be caught buying locally. You wouldn’t want to be caught dead wearing your neighbor’s hair much less that of a family member,” she notes. “That would not have gone over well.” Edward Charltan and other wigmakers ran advertisements in the Virginia Gazette describing their wares as the “finest imported hair newly arrived from London” in spite of the non-importation agreement. Instead of coming directly from the ports of England, goods, including hair for wigs, were arriving at America’s ports via the West Indies to meet the demand.. In the 18th century, ready made wigs were made on standard blockheads. If a client desired to have a custom wig made, his head would be
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10%OFF all purchases 9 a.m.-11 a.m.
221 N. Boundary Street • Williamsburg 757.253.2993 toll free 800.866.7458 MON – SAT • 10AM – 5:30PM www.mastercraftsmenshop.com
MERCHANTS SQUARE 409 W DUKE OF GLOUCESTER ST WILLIAMSBURG 757.220.0456 WWW.SHOPCLOSETENVY.COM
421 Prince George St. Williamsburg, VA 23185 757.258.8604 9:30 AM to 7 PM Sun. thru Thurs. • 9:30 AM to 8 PM Fri. • 9 AM to 8 PM Sat.
The Gazette Extra June 2011 7
shaved by the wigmaker and a personal blockhead would be carved in the shape of the client’s head. After the wooden blockhead was created, the selection of hair was made. The hair was woven on a tressing frame. Once the hair had been braided and woven, it was stitched to the base of the wig. “Generally, it takes us anywhere from 145 hours to over 200 hours to construct the wig, usually about 250 hours. In the 18th century, they were working sunup to sundown seven days a week,” observes Myers. “Other shops were not allowed to be working on Sunday, on the Sabbath, but wigmakers were allowed to because they were also barbers.” Betty Myers has seen the Wig Shop progress from simply an interpretive site to an actual working trade shop that produces wigs and develops journeymen from apprentices. Myers regards bringing the trade shop back as the highlight of her tenure. “Considering my age and that of my co-workers and that we only have one apprentice, we are all aware of just how fragile this trade is,” confides Myers. “We need to get more apprentices in order to make sure that this trade doesn’t die. I don’t want this trade to die.”
Merchants Square
La Promenade Shoppes
757.229.3961
757.437.7256
Williamsburg
A tressing frame is among the tools of the trade.
Virginia Beach
www.oceanpalm.net
JEWELRY • GIFTS • SILVER
The Unique Concept of a Convertible Bracelet Choose a bracelet from a large selection of bracelets and charms
Betty Myers, supervisor at CWʼs Wig Shop of Duke of Gloucester Street in the Historic Area.
Merchants Square • 416 Duke of Gloucester Williamsburg 757-220-3777 HOURS MON – SAT • 10 – 6 || SUN • 11 – 6
When was the last time you did something nice for your body? Londons Bathecary is now open in the Henry Street Shops at Merchants Square. Stop by and see the luxury European and American products
A queue was a plait of hair, a pigtail, worn hanging down the back of neck.
Henry Street Shops • Merchants Square • 110 South Henry Street MON – SAT • 10AM – 8PM SUN • 10AM – 6PM
757.220.3058
Also at Barracks Road, Charlottesville and on-line at www.ShopLondons.com
Two Outstanding Restaurants One Location
420 Duke of Gloucester Street Williamsburg 757.229.1710 Open 7 days a week
Bring in this ad and receive
259.0018
Dream. Delight in the artistry of premier designer Reggie Akdogan. Rare gemstones –Tsavorite, pink and blue sapphires–splashed with diamonds. One-of-a-kind. Only here.
Merchants Square, Williamsburg . 757-220-1115 La Promenade, Virginia Beach . 757-428-1117 thepreciousgems.com
20% OFF your entire
www.SeasonsOfWilliamsburg.com 110 S HENRY STREET
50% OFF an ENTRÉE with purchase of another entrée of equal or greater value and two beverages. Excludes alcohol and gratuity. Not valid with any other offer. Must present this ad. Exp. 06.31.2011.
Pizza, Salads & Sandwiches
476.8999 www.StephanosPizza.com • 110 S HENRY STREET
purchase. Expires Monday, June 20, 2011. Not to be combined with any other promotion.
k
Waysto get there
8 The Gazette Extra June 2011
(Exit 214) 7
New Kent
Scotland St. Rich
mo
18 23 17
20
Prince George St.
16
Glouster St.
Duke of 6 4 15 10 21 12 Francis St.
Rd.
Henry St.
Boundary St.
Jam
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MOVIES
Buon Amici Capital Granite Capitol Pancake Carousel Carrot Tree Closet Envy Colonial Downs Garden Flags
10 11
12 13 14 15 16
JUNE 2011
BIUTIFUL (R) WED., JUNE 1-SAT., JUNE 4 4:30 AND 7:15 P.M. JUNE 2-4 SCREENING ROOM * THE ENVIRONMENTAL FILM SERIES CARBON NATION (NOT RATED) MON., JUNE 6-SAT., JUNE 11 4, 5:30, AND 7 P.M. JUNE 6, 9-11 SCREENING ROOM *
17 18 19
20 21 22 23
Precious Gem Retro’s Sal’s Seasons Silver Vault Spring Arbor The Smithfield Ham Shop
LIVE PERFORMANCES JAMES MCNEIL PERSON
Pri nce Geo rge
PRESENTS
CHAOS IN THE HOUSE FRI. AND SAT., JUNE 3-4 AND JUNE 10-11 AT 6:45 AND 8:45 P.M. ADVANCE TICKETS $35, DAY OF SHOW $45
Street
om ts.c odea o g s o • 253-8816 • www.Retr
LIME
1 OFF ADE
$
STEP 3 ENTERTAINMENT, STUDIO 3, AND WRRW 102.5 FM
FreshSqueezed
PRESENT
MY PERESTROIKA (NOT RATED) MON., JUNE 13-SAT., JUNE 18 JUNE 13, 15-17 SHOWS AT 4:15, 6, AND 7:45 P.M. JUNE 14, 18 SHOWS AT 6:30 AND 8:15 P.M. JUNE 13, 15-17 SCREENING ROOM * JANE EYRE (PG-13) FRI., JUNE 17-FRI., JUNE 24 JUNE 17, 20-24 SHOWS AT 4, 6:15, AND 8:30 P.M. JUNE 18-19 SHOWS AT 7:15 AND 9:30 P.M. JUNE 18, 20, 22-23 SCREENING ROOM *
Jamestown-Yorktown Foundation Kimball Theater Laney’s Jewelry London’s Bathecary Master Craftsmen McCormick Nagelsen Tennis Farmers Market (Williamsburg) Ocean Palm
9
SUMMERJAM 2011 SUN., JUNE 5, 11 A.M.-4 P.M. ALL SEATS $8 THE VIRGINIA REGIONAL BALLET ACADEMY
THE LAST LIONS (PG) FRI., JUNE 24-SUN., JULY 3 4:15, 6, 7:45 P.M. JUNE 24-25, 27, 29 JULY 1 SCREENING ROOM *
Prince George Street 253-8816 www. Retrosgoodeats. com Must present coupon. Not good with any other offers. Exp. 7/03/11
OPEN DAILY:
PRESENTS
11am-8pm
A DANCE CONCERT SUN., JUNE 19 AT 1 AND 5 P.M. ALL SEATS $10 DON IRWIN IN CONCERT SAT., JUNE 25 AT 7:30 P.M. ALL SEATS $22
Summer Thoroughbred Horse Racing at Colonial Downs (in nearby New Kent)
June 8 - July 31 • Enjoy 10 races daily over a 4 hour period • Horses compete over the track’s signature “Secretariat Turf Course”
• Features air conditioned Jockey Club & Turf Club Dining Rooms • General Admission is $2; Kids 12 & under are FREE
See the $600,000 Virginia Derby (Gr. II) Saturday, July 16 • Tickets on sale now!
LIVE RACING SCHEDULE
Wednesday/Thursday/Saturday - 5:00 PM • Sunday - 12:55 PM I-64 at Exit 214 in New Kent 804-966-7223 ColonialDowns.com
SION AL ADMIS GENERA GENER GEN L ADMISSION GE NEERA RA L ADMISSI L AD MISS ON ION
O FFI OOFF FF COI ICFF ACIALIA I CLPL R IAPPRO G L ROOGR A P RGR M ORGAAM RM AM
CKET TTTIC IC T ITI CKKKE EETT
$16 FAMILY ‘n FRIENDS SUNDAY 4-PACK $16 GETS YOU:
• Redeem this coupon with $16 at Colonial Downs Racetrack any Sunday to receive a 4 Pack • Bring 4 family members or grab 4 friends! Gates open at 12 Noon: Horse racing from 1-5 PM
Valid Sundays during summer thoroughbred race season: June 8 – July 31 • 4 Track Admissions Not valid on July 3, 2011. Bringing more than 4 people? Buy an extra single “pack” for $4 • 4 Race Programs • 4 Tip Sheets • 4 Hot Dogs • 4 Soft Drinks 804-966-7223 • 1 Souvenir Gift! ColonialDowns.com