ITB Research Bulletin Issue 2 2023

Electrochemical Methods for Water

Preparation of Nanosized SSZ-13 Zeolite with Enhanced Hydrothermal Stability by a Two-Stage Synthetic Method

4-5 FOCUS

CONTENTS

Fostering Global Research Competitiveness through International Collaboration

Dr. Yuli Setyo Indartono | Chair of Institute for Research and Community Services

6-7 COVER STORY

Electrochemical Methods for Water

Purification, Ion Separations, and Energy Conversion

Oxygen vacancy enhancement promoting strong green emission through surface modification in ZnO thin film

Evaluating assumptions of scales for subjective assessment of thermal environments – Do laypersons perceive them the way, we researchers believe?

Numerical study of tides in the Malacca Strait with a 3-D model

Preparation of nanosized SSZ13 zeolite with enhanced hydrothermal stability by a two-stage synthetic method

Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis

of transformer paper in mineral oil-paper composite insulation under accelerated thermal aging

Anatomy of active volcanic edifice at the Kusatsu–Shirane Volcano, Japan, by magnetotellurics: hydrothermal implications for volcanic unrests

Toward a business resilience framework for startups

A novel system of biomassbased hydrogen production by combining steam bio-oil reforming and chemical looping process

Low salinity waterflooding: Surface roughening and pore size alteration implications

16 EXPOSURE

- World’s Top 2% Scientists

- World Environment Day 2023

“Solutions to Plastic Pollution”

12-13

REVIEW ARTICLES

- Vaccine cold chain management and cold storage technology to address the challenges of vaccination programs

- Hydrogen production from biomasses and wastes: A technological review

- Carbon-based quantum dots for supercapacitors: Recent advances and future challenges

- Recent developments of deep eutectic solvent as absorbent for CO2 removal from syngas produced from gasification: Current status, challenges, and further research

- The Ministry of Education, Culture, Research and Technology Research Grants

- Workshop Series LPPM ITB

o Advisory Board: Prof. Ir. N. R. Reini Djuhraeni Wirahadikusumah, MSCE, Ph.D, Vice Rector for Research Innovation: Prof. Ir. I Gede Wenten, M.Sc., Ph.D, Chair of Institute for Research and Community Services: Dr. Ir. Yuli Setyo Indartono, The Head of the Communication and Public Relations Bureau: Dr. Naomi Haswanto, M.Sn.

o Editor-in-chief: Dr.rer.nat. Rino Rakhmata Mukti, S.Si., M.Sc.

o Associate Editors: Denny Willy Junaidy, S.Sn. , M.T., Ph.D., Mohammad Farid, S.T, M.T, Ph.D.

o Editorial Support Staff: Noviyanti A.Md., S.M., Dian Sumardiana S.Kom, Adnan Insan Kamil S. S.T, Selvie Amriani S.Si.,

Fostering Global Research Competitiveness through International Collaboration

Dr. Yuli Setyo Indartono Chair of Institute for Research and Community Services

The establishment of LPPM is ITB’s strategy in an effort to realize the quality improvement and development of science, technology, arts, social and humanities, and business in universities, and their implementation in the community, and at the same time to accommodate the implementation of the Tri Dharma duties including education, research, and community service in harmony.

LPPM-ITB cooperation in the field of research has been well established with various partners, including research institutions, government, industry, private sector, and other relevant institutions from within the country and abroad. The existence of this collaboration, especially with leading international institutions is a manifestation of the high trust of the community as partners in the ability of LPPM-ITB.

Our visions is to become a leading Research and Community Service Institution, in an effort to bring Indonesian people to become a united, sovereign, and prosperous nation through research and development of science, technology, and art. We try to build access to research and community service funding sources through partnerships and to guide developments and changes made by the community through innovative, high quality, and responsive research and community service activities to global developments and local challenges.

ITB Collaborators by Country

Publications Number

The University of Tokyo

of Queensland Tokyo Institute of Technology Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Kyushu University Osaka University National University of Singapore Tohoku University

Source: Scopus

So far, the existence of ITB scientists has received international recognition, including “World Top Scientists” in general, as well as in each field of expertise. A number of research collaborations are carried out with leading universities in the world, and will continue to be developed through various facilitations managed by LPPM ITB and ITB itself towards “Globally Respected ITB”.

Therefore, international collaboration is a necessity to continue to be developed, both for the advancement of science, technology and art itself, and Indonesia’s position generally in the global research arena, as well as in facing global and local challenges.

Electrochemical Methods for Water Purification, Ion Separations, and Energy Conversion

Paper abstract

Agricultural development, extensive industrialization, and rapid growth of the global population have inadvertently been accompanied by environmental pollution. Water pollution is exacerbated by the decreasing ability of traditional treatment methods to comply with tightening environmental standards. This review provides a comprehensive description of the principles and applications of electrochemical methods for water purification, ion separations, and energy conversion. Electrochemical methods have attractive features such as compact size, chemical selectivity, broad applicability, and reduced generation of secondary waste. Perhaps the greatest advantage of electrochemical methods, however, is that they remove contaminants directly from the water, while other technologies extract the water from the contaminants, which enables efficient removal of trace pollutants. The review begins with an overview of conventional electrochemical methods, which drive chemical or physical transformations via Faradaic reactions at electrodes, and proceeds to a detailed examination of the two primary mechanisms by which contaminants are separated in nondestructive electrochemical processes, namely electrokinetics and electrosorption. In these sections, special attention is given to emerging methods, such as shock electrodialysis and Faradaic electrosorption. Given the importance of generating clean, renewable energy, which may sometimes be combined with water purification, the review also discusses inverse methods of electrochemical energy conversion based on reverse electrosorption, electrowetting, and electrokinetic phenomena. The review concludes with a discussion of technology comparisons, remaining challenges, and potential innovations for the field such as process intensification and technoeconomic optimization.

Around four billion people are estimated to live in areas where clean water is scarce. For at least one month of the year, they struggle to get clean water. Actually, there are many sources of water, considering that 70 percent of the earth is water. However, most of the water is seawater, which cannot be directly used to meet fresh water needs.

There is only a small amount of fresh water on earth. In desert regions like the Middle East, fresh water is in short supply. The sea is a water resource that can be utilized for various purposes, including industry. In order to be utilized as a fresh water source, seawater needs to undergo the desalination process.

Dr. Ir. Khoiruddin, S.T., M.T. from the Chemical Engineering Process Design and Development Research Group of the Faculty of Industrial Technology ITB mentioned that there are several conventional thermal-based

Mohammad A. Alkhadra, Xiao Su, Matthew E. Suss, Huanhuan Tian, Eric N. Guyes, Amit N. Shocron, Kameron M. Conforti, J. Pedro de Souza, Nayeong Kim, Michele Tedesco, Khoiruddin, I Gede Wenten, Juan G. Santiago, T. Alan Hatton, and Martin Z. Bazant

Dr. Khoiruddin

desalination technologies, such as multistage flash distillation and multiple effect distillation. “They are expensive and require a lot of energy. This is not in line with efforts to save energy and control the carbon footprint,” he said.

The other most widely used seawater desalination is seawater reverse osmosis. This method uses a membrane to convert salty seawater into fresh water. This technique is widely used by the commercial sector. About 60 percent of total desalination plant capacities in the world use the reverse osmosis method. Seawater reverse osmosis requires high pressure, necessitating specialized pipe, fitting, and membrane housing materials. Thus, this complex system is challenging. So there needs to be another technology that can be used easily for remote areas with limited resources.

Another method that can be used as an alternative for seawater desalination is the electro-membrane process, such as electrodialysis. Unlike reverse osmosis, which pushes water through high pressure for desalination, electrodialysis utilizes an electric potential difference to drive ions within the water and employs charged membranes to separate these ions. Electrodialysis also avoids phase changes, leading to lower energy requirements compared to thermal-based methods. The advantage lies in the fact that electrodialysis and other electrochemical methods do not rely on high pressure. This characteristic means that these methods don’t necessitate complex systems and intricate piping. Therefore, it presents an appealing alternative for desalination units in remote or underdeveloped regions.

Electrodialysis becomes inefficient when the salt content in the water is already small. The energy used is no longer to move ions, but to break down water and so on. This led ITB to develop conductive electrodialysis, also known as electrodeionization. The research process in ITB began in 1998. Conductive electrodialysis is able to produce water with a higher level of purity. This ultrapure water is commonly used for pharmaceutical purposes, the semiconductor industry, as well as for high pressure boiler feed water.

Electrodeionization integrates conventional ion exchange with electrodialysis, leading to a stack conductivity higher than that of electrodialysis. Consequently, it is anticipated

that seawater desalination using electrodeionization will demand less energy compared to electrodialysis.

ITB’s journey to conduct a series of research related to electrodialysis was later published in the Chemical Reviews journal, the number one international journal in chemistry. The journal publication was together with research conducted by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) which also developed electrodialysis research which they called shock electrodialysis.

Collaboration with MIT

Prior to the journal’s publication, ITB had partnered with MIT through the MIT-Indonesia Research Alliances (MIRA). The partnership was followed by several universities in Indonesia. One of the collaborations developed is related to membrane research for water treatment.

During a visit to MIT for the MIRA program in early 2020, Prof. Wenten accidentally met with Prof. Martin Z. Bazant, a professor of chemical engineering and mathematics at MIT. It turns out that Prof. Bazant is actively engaged in research related to electromembranes, specifically in shock electrodialysis.

“So they have shock electrodialysis, we have conductive electrodialysis. The process is similar, the difference is in the depths. The goal is the same to remove ions or salt from seawater. After talking for a long time, there was finally an agreement to do the joint research. This is the story behind the paper,” said Khoiruddin.

As a result of the collaboration with MIT, several joint publications on the topic of electrodialysis have been produced in highly reputable journals. The first paper is titled “Novel Ionic Separation Mechanisms in Electrically Driven Membrane Processes,” published in Advances in Colloid and Interface Science. The second paper, under discussion here, is titled “Electrochemical Methods for Water Purification, Ion Separations, and Energy Conversion,” and it has been published in the journal Chemical Reviews. Furthermore, a recent paper has just been published in the journal Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification, with the title “Development and Long-Term Field Test of Electrodeionization for Decentralized Desalination Facility.”

We study the effect of oxygen vacancy enhancement in ZnO thin films through the surface modification using H 2 annealing. After H 2 annealing, low-temperature PL spectra show the strong emission at 2.5 eV and still observable at room temperature, in the same time PL spectra confirm the H 2 does not act as the impurity in our system.

TIMES CITED 29 JOURNAL IMPACT FACTOR 7.392

Applied Surface Science Volume 462, Pages 466 – 470, 31 December 2018

The Raman spectra show the dominance of oxygen vacancy as indicated by the emergence of A 1 (LO) mode. Moreover, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveals that the number of oxygen vacancy on the surface is increased after the H 2 annealing. We found the strong relationship between oxygen vacancy and surface modification promoting strong green emission. Here, we propose the role of H 2 annealing in the surface modification leading to the formation of multiple-stacked porous ZnO film. This study also brings us to describe the electronic and optical transition mechanism. Our result is essential to improve the functionality of ZnO by surface modification for light-emitting device applications

g THERMAL COMFORT

TIMES CITED 46 JOURNAL IMPACT FACTOR 7.21

People’s subjective response to any thermal environment is commonly investigated by using rating scales describing the degree of thermal sensation, comfort, and acceptability. Subsequent analyses of results collected in this way rely on the assumption that specific distances between verbal anchors placed on the scale exist and that relationships between verbal anchors from different dimensions that are assessed (e.g. thermal sensation and comfort) do not change.

Another inherent assumption is that such scales are independent of the context in which they are used (climate zone, season, etc.). Despite their use worldwide, there is indication that contextual differences influence the way the scales are perceived and therefore question the reliability of the scales’ interpretation.

Energy and Buildings Volume 211, 15 March 2020 Article number 109761

To address this issue, a large international collaborative questionnaire study was conducted in 26 countries, using 21 different languages, which led to a dataset of 8225 questionnaires. Results, analysed by means of robust statistical techniques, revealed that only a subset of the responses are in accordance with the mentioned assumptions. Significant differences appeared between groups of participants in their perception of the scales, both in relation to distances of the anchors and relationships between scales. It was also found that respondents’ interpretations of scales changed with contextual factors, such as climate, season, and language. These findings highlight the need to carefully consider contextdependent factors in interpreting and reporting results from thermal comfort studies or post-occupancy evaluations, as well as to revisit the use of rating scales and the analysis methods used in thermal comfort studies to improve their reliability.

Evaluating assumptions of scales for subjective assessment of thermal environments –Do laypersons perceive them the way, we researchers believe?

Muhammad Abiyyu Kenichi Purbayanto, Eka Nurfani, Olga Chichvarina, Jun Ding, Andrivo Rusydi, and Yudi Darma

Prof. Dr. Yudi Darma

M. Donny Koerniawan and co workers

Dr. Eng. Mochamad Donny Koerniawan

Oxygen vacancy enhancement promoting strong green emission through surface modification in ZnO thin film

g POWER TRANSFORMERS

Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR)

Spectroscopy Analysis of Transformer Paper in Mineral Oil-Paper Composite Insulation under Accelerated Thermal Aging

Mineral oil is the most popular insulating liquid for high voltage transformers due to its function as a cooling liquid and an electrical insulator. Kraft paper has been widely used as transformer solid insulation for a long time already.

The degradation process of transformer paper due to thermal aging in mineral oil can change the physical and chemical structure of the cellulose paper. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis was used to identify changes in the chemical structure of transformer paper aged in mineral oil.

FTIR results show that the intensity of the peak absorbance of the O-H functional group decreased with aging but the intensity of the peak absorbance of the C-H and C=O functional groups increased with aging. Changes in the chemical structure of the cellulose paper during thermal aging in mineral oil can be analyzed by an oxidation process of the cellulose paper and the reaction process between the carboxylic acids in the mineral oil and the hydroxyl groups on the cellulose. The correlation between the functional groups and the average number of chain scissions of transformer paper gives initial information that the transformer paper performance can be identified by using a spectroscopic technique as a non-destructive diagnostic technique.

g VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS

We aimed to perform three-dimensional imaging of the underlying geothermal system to a depth of 2 km using magnetotellurics (MT) at around the Yugama crater, the Kusatsu–Shirane Volcano, Japan, which is known to have frequent phreatic eruptions. We deployed 91 MT sites focusing around the peak area of 2 km × 2 km with typical spacings of 200 m.

The full tensor impedances and the magnetic transfer functions were inverted, using an unstructured tetrahedral finite element code to include the topographic effect. The final model showed (1) low-permeability bell-shaped clay cap (C1) as the near-surface conductor, (2) brine reservoir as a deep conductor (C3) at a depth of 1.5 km from the surface, and (3) a vertical conductor (C2) connecting the deep conductor to the clay cap which implies an established fluid path. The columnar high-seismicity distribution to the east of the C2 conductor implies that the flushed vapor and magmatic gas was released from the brine reservoir by breaking the silica cap at the brittle–ductile transition.

The past magnetization/demagnetization sources and the inflation source of the 2014 unrest are located just below the clay cap, consistent with the clay capped geothermal model underlain by brine reservoir. The resistivity model showed the architecture of the magmatic–hydrothermal system, which can explain the episodic volcanic unrest.

Abi Munajad, Cahyo Subroto, Suwarno

Energies Volume 11, Issue 2 February 2018 Article number 364

TIMES

34

3.362

Earth, Planets and Space Volume 72, Issue 11 December 2020 Article number 161

Kuo Hsuan Tseng; Yasuo Ogawa, Nurhasan, Sabri Bulent Tank, Naoto Ujihara, Yoshimori Honkura, Akihiko Terada, Yoshiya Usui, and Wataru Kanda

Dr. Nurhasan

Anatomy of active volcanic edifice at the Kusatsu–Shirane volcano, Japan, by magnetotellurics: hydrothermal implications for volcanic unrests

Numerical study of tides in the Malacca Strait with a

3-D model

Malacca Strait (MS) has an important role and potential for many countries. It is a major transportation route for oil and commodities across continents. In addition, various activities such as shipping, fishing, aquaculture, oil drilling, and energy are also carried out in MS.

Tides strongly affect the MS environment so that it becomes a major parameter in MS management. This paper is the first study, which presents MS tidal hydrodynamics based on a baroclinic and nonhydrostatic approach. Tidal hydrodynamics in MS and the surrounding waters were assessed using tidal forces, temperature, salinity, and density.

CITED 17 JOURNAL IMPACT FACTOR 3.776

TIMES

Heliyon Volume 6, Issue 9 September 2020

Article number e04828

This study analyzes the amplitude, phase, current ellipses, and semi-major axis of the tides. These variables are obtained from the simulation results of the three-dimensional numerical models of M2 tides and combined tides (M2, S2, N2, K1, and O1) with nonhydrostatic models. Then the results obtained are verified by observation data. Amplitude and phase of the tidal wave in MS originate from two directions, namely the northern part of MS (Andaman Sea) and the South China Sea (SCS). Tides from the north of MS propagate into the MS, while tides from the SCS travel to Singapore Waters (SW) and the south of MS. This causes a complex residual flow in SW and shoaling in the middle of MS. Shoaling in the middle of MS is characterized by a large amplitude and semimajor, as in B. Siapiapi. The results of this analysis show that tidal waves are dominated by semidiurnal types rather than diurnal types. The M2 current ellipse has dominantly anticlockwise rotation along the west of the MS, while along the east of MS, it has generally a clockwise rotation.

Preparation of nanosized SSZ-13 zeolite with enhanced hydrothermal stability by a twostage synthetic method

Ce Peng, Zhendong Liu, Aoki Horimoto, Chokkalingam Anand, Hiroki Yamada, Koji Ohara, Sohei Sukenaga, Mariko Ando, Hiroyuki Shibata, Takahiko Takewaki, Rino R. Mukti, Tatsuya Okubo, and Toru Wakihara

Microporous and Mesoporous Materials Volume 255, Pages 192 – 199 2018108736 TIMES

Improving the hydrothermal stability of zeolites promises attractive benefits for catalytic applications, especially in the case of nanosized zeolite. In the present study, a two-stage synthetic method, conducted at low (95 °C) and high (210 °C) temperatures sequentially, was developed to prepare nanosized SSZ-13 zeolite with enhanced hydrothermal stability.

The crystal size was tuned within 50–300 nm by simply controlling the period in either stage. In addition, compared with the microsized counterparts, the nanosized SSZ-13 zeolite showed remarkably enhanced hydrothermal stability with exhibiting equivalent catalytic performance in the selective catalytic reduction of NOx by ammonia (NH3-SCR). The improved hydrothermal stability of nanosized zeolite was due to the structural healing by the high temperature treatment.

Dr. rer. nat. Mutiara Rachmat Putri

Yudi Haditiar, Mutiara R. Putri, Nazli Ismail, Zainal A. Muchlisin, Muhammad Ikhwan, and Syamsul Rizal

Dr. rer. nat. Rino Rakhmata Mukti

g ZEOLITE

g OPEN INNOVATION Toward a business resilience framework for startups

Covid19 has had a significant impact on the disruption of the global economic sector, including for startup businesses. This encourages entrepreneurs to carry out a continuous innovation process to become more ambidextrous and continue to innovate in an effort to futureproof their business.

g SYNTHESIS GAS

A novel system of biomass-based hydrogen production

TIMES CITED 30

3,473

Sustainability (Switzerland)

Volume 13, Issue 6, 2

March 2021 Article

The paper aims to provide a business resilience framework by exploring capability (innovation ambidexterity, dynamic capability, and technology capability), behavior (agile lead-ership), and knowledge (knowledge stock) in startup businesses. This study uses a literature review synthesis and case study approach in building a framework by obtaining data from semistructured interviews with three startups in Indonesia.

This preliminary research has identified four propositions that will be used to develop questionnaires and data collection in-struments. This study provides new insights on how startups can overcome contradictory pressures for business resilience.

11.446

Biomass to hydrogen is becoming a promising way to produce clean energy with zero or even negative carbon emission. In this study, a novel system containing a biomass pyrolysis process, a catalytic steam reforming of biooil process, a chemical looping unit using biochar as the reducing agent and other auxiliary processes including H2 separation and thermal energy circulation processes for hydrogen production is proposed and simulated based on the previous studies. Under the optimum condition in the proposed system, about 6.9 kg/h of hydrogen could be produced from 100 kg/h of wood biomass with 58.3 kW of net power. Compared with the biomass direct chemical looping process the steam bio-oil reforming process with the chemical looping unit using biochar for H2 production can increase efficiency from biomass by more than 50%. It is expected that this proposed system could be implemented in a practical application.

Surface roughening and pore size alteration implications

Multiple mechanisms of low salinity waterflooding (LSW) orchestrate the increase of oil recovery. One proposed mechanism is surface roughening which alters the wettability in pores. However, clay swelling that generates surface roughening also simultaneously reduces the pore size. Therefore, we study the implication of surface roughening and pore size of the rock that leads to oil recovery in LSW at different brine compositions and clay contents.

5.168

We measure the incremental oil recovery due to brine dilution sequences by using a modifiedAmott imbibition cell. The results suggest that oil recovery due to brine dilution is minimal when the cores have clay content above 20%. The pore size alteration effects compete with surface roughening. We find that the presence of divalent ions hinders the clay swelling. The pore size alteration and surface roughening are important mechanisms for incremental oil recovery in sandstone during LSW operation. These findings might aid the rational design of LSW.

Leo Aldianto, Grisna Anggadwita, Anggraeni Permatasari, Isti Raafaldini Mirzanti and Ian O. Williamson

Dr. Leo Aldianto

Yohanes Andre Situmorang, Zhongkai Zhao, Ping An, Tao Yu, Jenny Rizkiana, Abuliti Abudula, Guoqing Guan

Dr. Jenny Rizkiana

Prof. Taufan Marhaendrajana, Ph.D.

Muhammad Ghifari Ridwan, Maulana Insan Kamil, Mahruri Sanmurjana, Abdel Mohammad Dehgati, Pudji Permadi, Taufan Marhaendrajana, and Farizal Hakiki

Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering Volume 9, Issue 4 August

2021 Article number 105439

Gasification has been increasingly seen as a method to convert solid fuel into combustible syngas. However, these applications require syngas with strict requirements and raw syngas often does not meet these requirements.

Therefore, a form of syngas upgrading needs to be applied. One of the most common form of syngas upgrading is removal of CO2, which is often present in large concentrations in raw syngas. The currently existing CO2 removal technologies were either designed not with syngas in mind or for large scale industries, which makes them somewhat inefficient for application with gasification syngas.

This calls for more research into efficient removal of CO2, from syngas. In this review, the application of deep eutectic solvent (DES) as one of the potential new absorbent for CO2 removal from gas streams and more specifically from syngas are discussed. DES has garnered attention due to its high CO2 absorption performance, process friendliness, and environmental friendliness. At present, most studies on DES are still limited to basic absorption behavior of the absorbent.

This review aims to provide not just a clear picture of the current research situation for DES as CO2 removal absorbent, but also detail the possible research directions that might be taken for the development of DES as CO2 absorbent from syngas.

g CARBON NANOPARTICLES

Carbon-based quantum dots for supercapacitors: Recent advances and future challenges

Carbon-based Quantum dots (C-QDs) are carbon-based materials that experience the quantum confinement effect, which results in superior optoelectronic properties. In recent years, C-QDs have attracted attention significantly and have shown great application potential as a high-performance supercapacitor device.

TIMES CITED 60 JOURNAL IMPACT FACTOR 5.719

C-QDs (either as a bare electrode or composite) give a new way to boost supercapacitor performances in higher specific capacitance, high energy density, and good durability. This review comprehensively summarizes the up-to-date progress in C-QD applications either in a bare condition or as a composite with other materials for supercapacitors.

Nanomaterials Open Access Volume 11, Issue 1, Pages 1 –

The current state of the three distinct C-QD families used for supercapacitors including carbon quantum dots, carbon dots, and graphene quantum dots is highlighted. Two main properties of C-QDs (structural and electrical properties) are presented and analyzed, with a focus on the contribution to supercapacitor performances. Finally, we discuss and outline the remaining major challenges and future perspectives for this growing field with the hope of stimulating further research progress.

Prof. Dr. Eng. Ferry Iskandar

Fitri Aulia Permatasari, Muhammad Alief Irham, Satria Zulkarnaen Bisri, and Ferry Iskandar

Recent developments of deep eutectic solvent as absorbent for CO2 removal from syngas produced from gasification: Current status, challenges, and further research

Haryo Wibowo, Herri Susanto, Nurak Grisdanurak, Dwi Hantoko, Kunio Yoshikawa, Huan Qun, and Mi Yan

Prof. Dr. Herri Susanto

g VACCINES

Vaccine cold chain management and cold storage technology to address the challenges of vaccination programs

The outbreaks of infectious diseases that spread across countries have generally existed for centuries. An example is the occurrence of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, which led to the loss of lives and economic depreciation. One of the essential ways of handling the spread of viruses is the discovery and administration of vaccines.

However, the major challenges of vaccination programs are associated with the vaccine cold chain management and cold storage facilities. This paper discusses how vaccine cold chain management and cold storage technology can address the challenges of vaccination programs.

Specifically, it examines different systems for preserving vaccines in either liquid or frozen form to help ensure that they are not damaged during distribution from manufacturing facilities. Furthermore, A vaccine is likely to provide very low efficacy when it is not properly stored. According to preliminary studies, the inability to store vaccine properly is partly due to the incompetency of many stakeholders, especially in technical matters.

The novelty of this study is to thoroughly explore cold storage technology for a faster and more comprehensive vaccine distribution hence it is expected to be one of the reference and inspiration for stakeholders.

g BIOHYDROGEN

Hydrogen production from biomasses and wastes: A technological review

Biomass and organic solid waste are considered as very potential alternative energy sources in the future, leading to the realization of a clean and CO2-free energy system. Therefore, the effective conversion of biomass and organic solid waste to a secondary energy source is urgently demanded. In addition, hydrogen is considered very promising among the secondary energy sources due to its advantages of cleanliness, wide range of conversion and utilization technologies, high energy efficiency, and high gravimetric energy density.

This paper reviews several possible routes and key conversion technologies of biomass and organic solid waste to hydrogen. Recent progress related to biological and thermochemical conversion technologies is described. Thermochemical route includes gasification, pyrolysis, steam reforming, partial oxidation, and thermochemical cycle; while biological route covers fermentation (dark and photo), biophotolysis (direct and indirect), enzymatic, and microbial electrolysis. In addition, several challenges regarding the conversion and utilization of biomass and organic solid waste to hydrogen are also discussed in order to clarify the feasibility of biomass and the organic solid waste-based hydrogen economy.

4.937

Pambudi, Nugroho Agung: Sarifudin, Alfan; Gandidi, Indra Mamad; Romadhon, Rahmat Energy Reports Open Access Volume 8, Pages 955 – 972 November 2022

Dr. Eng. Firman Bagja Juangsa

Muhammad Aziz, Arif Darmawan, and Firman Bagja Juangsa

Dr. Rahmat Romadhon

Afriyanti Sumboja, Ph.D.

‘Marathon’ for High Impact Publication

At a relatively young age, ITB scientist Afriyanti Sumboja, Ph.D. has won a number of prestigious awards, including “World’s Top 2% Scientist” in 2020 and 2021, as well as the Young Faculty Award in High Impact Publication at ITB in 2022, with 7161 citations and h-index 36 on Google Scholar and 6350 citations and h-index 35 on Scopus.

Afriyanti joined the Materials Science and Engineering Research Group of the Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering in 2018 after 13 years of living in Singapore. She completed her bachelor and doctoral degree at Nanyang Technological University, and then worked as a scientist at the A*STAR Institute of Materials Research and Engineering. While working at A*STAR, she realized that working with students was quite fun, which encouraged her to go back to campus and pursue a career in academia.

Afriyanti has been very consistent in conducting research and publishing reputable articles in the field of energy storage, electrochemistry, and electrochemical-based devices. These achievements are the result of constant marathon work in the last 12 years. She suggested to remain relevant with the development of our research field while keep upgrading our knowledge and expertise. To be successful, it is a combination of research excellence, dedication, leadership, and collaboration skills.

Sharing her experience, Afriyanti encouraged scientists to collaborate internationally. She advised on not to rely one hundred percent on the collaborators. We must also take the lead, contribute, and utilize all available resources. According to Afriyanti, the biggest resource at ITB is its outstanding students, which have great potential if guided properly.

She has conducted a number of international collaborative researches with leading universities, including Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) USA and Technische Universität Braunschweig (TUBS) Germany. The collaboration with TUBS is about developing silicon-based anodes for Li-ion batteries, which has been ongoing for about two years. LPDP funds this collaboration research through LPPM ITB and there have been eight papers published under this collaboration work so far.

Afriyanti with her students. They organize lunch gathering once in every semester.

6350 citations, h-index: 35

Scopus Google Scholar

7161 citations, h-index: 36

This year, the collaboration with TUBS is entering its last year, which is the most challenging year as the collaboration target is usually the highest in its final year. Coordination is one of the challenges in international collaboration, because there are differences in working styles and working hours related to time zones. Partner selection must also be considered carefully. In carrying out collaboration, there are responsibilities that each party must hold, if one party does not fulfill its responsibilities, the other party must bear all the responsibilities.

Having a supportive and cooperative research partner is important in international collaboration. International collaborations also have many risk factors, for example, partners who end the collaboration midway, researchers who change jobs, or students who have completed their studies. As lead researchers, we have to make sure that everything keeps going, no matter what.

If this happens, the first thing to do is to communicate the problem and prepare for the next action plans. In an international collaboration, the team in Indonesia must be solid. In case the collaboration work does not go according to the plan, the Indonesia team can still find a way to fulfill the targeted outcome.

In addition to having a strong internal team, do not be afraid to reach out to a potential collaborator first. Do not get discouraged if our email requesting collaboration gets no replies from the potential collaborator. And more importantly, after getting the funding, we have to show the collaborators that we can do our task perfectly. So, they will be interested in working with us again on the next project. The collaboration work and funding have given many benefits. The immediate impact is on the new equipment. Afriyanti shared that since we have been achieving our target on time, LPDP has been very supportive in providing new equipment. Besides that, we can also access more advanced characterization tools in the collaborators lab and some

advice from collaborators on obtaining and analyzing important data. When collaborating, Afriyanti usually invites her students to join the meetings with her collaborators, so they get used to English-language discussions and have some exposure to the international work environment.

Period Award

Aug 2022 2022 ITB young faculty award in high impact publication, Indonesia

Oct 2021 2021 World’s Top 2% Scientist

Nov 2020 2020 LIPI Young Scientist Award, Indonesia

Oct 2020 2020 World’s Top 2% Scientist

May 2020 SINTA top 50 researchers, Indonesia

Mar 2020 2020 ITB outstanding faculty award in the research category, Indonesia

Dec 2016 Singapore National Institute of Chemistry Poster Award, Singapore

Jul 2014 NTU MSE Doctorate Research Excellence Award, Singapore

May 2013 223rd The Electrochemical Society Meeting Travel Grant, Canada

Dec 2012 Best Poster, RSC Advances Poster Price, Singapore

Patent

P.S. Lee, A. Sumboja, C.Y. Foo, Composite film and method of forming the same, US Patent 20,150,298,976, 2015

H. Judawisastra, T. Dirgantara, S. Wicaksono, A. Sumboja, K.K. Rumayshah, High strength continuous carbon fiber reinforced aluminum composite material for reinforcing core of power transmission cables and cables using such material, Formalities Examination by DJKI, 2020.

Within the last four years, Afriyanti has built a laboratory from an empty room (left) to proper laboratory for developing materials for energy storage devices (right)

World’s Top 2% Scientists

Prof. John PA Ioannidis MD Ph.D from Stanford University, Jeroen Baas from Elsevier, and Kevin Boyak from SciTech Strategies have created a publicly available database of top-cited scientists that provides standardized information on citations, h-index, co-authorship adjusted hm-index, citations to papers in different authorship positions and a composite indicator (c-score).

The fourth version of the Updated Science-wide Author Databases of Standardized Citation Indicators was published in October 2022.

This database provides a new metric called composite indicator (c-score) with the intention of using citation metrics wisely, relevant and context-specific. The use of composite indicator (c-score) also enabled researchers to be ranked in respective field of expertise. The c-score focuses on impact (citations) rather than productivity (number of publications) and it also incorporates information on co-authorship and author positions (single, first, last author).

Prof. Tommy Firman, Ph.D.

Prof. Dr. Suwarno

Prof. Dr.Eng. Ferry Iskandar Prof. Dr. Heni Rachmawati

The scientists included in this database are classified into 22 scientific fields and 176 subfields. Selection is based on the top 100,000 scientists based on c-scores (with and without self-citations) or percentile ratings of 2% or more in a given sub-field. A total of 195,605 scientists are included in the career-long database and 200,409 scientists are included in the single recent year dataset (source: https://doi.org/10.17632/btchxktzyw.4).

Calculation was performed using all Scopus author profiles as of September 1, 2022. If an author is not on the list, it is simply because the composite indicator value was not high enough to appear on the list. It does not mean that the author does not do good work. There are several criteria considered in this methodology:

1. Exclude self-citation

2. Total number of citations

3. H-index

4. Hm-index

5. Number of citations to papers as a single author

6. Number of citations to papers as single or first author

7. Number of citations to papers as single, first, or last author

A total of 98 Indonesian scientists from various research institutions and universities are included in the list of the World’s Top 2% of Scientists in 2022. The selection of 98 scientists is based on the names most cited in scientific journals in the world. Among the Indonesian scientist, 8 scientists from ITB were selected to be a part of Top 2% Scientists Worldwide 2022.

Prof. I Gede Wenten, Ph.D.

Dr. Rudi Dungani Antonius Indarto, Ph.D.

Prof. Brian Yuliarto, Ph.D.

World Environment Day 2023 “Solutions to Plastic Pollution”

On Monday, 5 June 2023, LPPM ITB in collaboration with ACS Publications held an online talk on World Environment Day 2023 with the topic “Solutions to Plastic Pollution”.

The event was attended by the ITB academic community and several universities in Asia.

The event started with opening remarks form Dr. Rino R Mukti, Executive Secretary for Research of Institute for Research and Community Services. This was followed by two presentations. The first presentation on Individualized Community Refuse Audits for Plastic Waste Reduction and Management by Jane Gwe Lai Ti, Ph.D. from Sunway University Malaysia and the second presentation on Developing and Conducting Marine Plastic

The Ministry of Education, Culture, Research and Technology Research Grants

In order to support the implementation of teaching, research, and community services in higher education institutions as well as an effort to improve the quality of research and community service, the Directorate General of Higher Education, Research and Technology through the Directorate of Research, Technology and Community Service (DRTPM)

Debris Monitoring in Indonesia by Emenda Sembiring, Ph.D. from ITB.

In addition to presentation, the event also held a Q&A Panelist Discussion, ITB Student Chapter Sharing, dan Infographic poster competition (winner presentation).

World Environment Day 2023 was closed by Mr. Helwis Tjhai from ACS Publications.

Through this activity it is hoped that together, we united in our mission to protect and preserve our precious planet. Your unwavering support and participation inspire us to continue raising awareness and taking action for a sustainable future. Let’s keep the conversation going and make every day Earth Day.

opens acceptance of research proposals for 2023 funding.

The currently open research scheme are:

a. Basic Research

- Fundamental Research

- Postgraduate Research

- National Collaboration Research

b. Applied Research for Commercialization

After going through the proposal selection, ITB has received funding for 90 first year research activities and 64 second/third year research activity to be funded in 2023, with the following details:

SECOND-THIRD