OSHA Dictionary by MANCOMM

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OSHA Dictionary Including Definitions from: Part 1903 - Inspections, Citations, and Proposed Penalties Part 1904 - Recording and Reporting Occupational Injuries and Illnesses Part 1910 - General Industry Part 1926 - Construction

Changing the Complex Into Compliance速 Mangan Communications, Inc. http://www.mancomm.com

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Action level

A A-frame The term "A-frame" means a structure made of two independent columns fastened together at the top and separated at the bottom for stability. (§1910.265(b)(1)) A-frame derrick means a derrick in which the boom is hinged from a cross member between the bottom ends of two upright members spread apart at the lower ends and joined at the top; the boom point secured to the junction of the side members, and the side members are braced or guyed from this junction point. (§1910.181(a)(2))

test data which the employer keeps and makes available for inspection to the Assistant Secretary and his authorized representatives. Refer to §1910.7 for definition of nationally recognized testing laboratory. (§1910.399) [1926] An installation or equipment is acceptable to the Assistant Secretary of Labor, and approved within the meaning of Subpart K: If it is accepted, or certified, or listed, or labeled, or otherwise determined to be safe by a qualified testing laboratory capable of determining the suitability of materials and equipment for installation and use in accordance with this standard; or With respect to an installation or equipment of a kind which no qualified testing laboratory accepts, certifies, lists, labels, or determines to be safe, if it is inspected or tested by another Federal agency, or by a State, municipal, or other local authority responsible for enforcing occupational safety provisions of the National Electrical Code, and found in compliance with those provisions; or With respect to custom-made equipment or related installations which are designed, fabricated for, and intended for use by a particular customer, if it is determined to be safe for its intended use by its manufacturer on the basis of test data which the employer keeps and makes available for inspection to the Assistant Secretary and his authorized representatives. (§1926.449) Acceptable entry conditions means the conditions that must exist in a permit space to allow entry and to ensure that employees involved with a permitrequired confined space entry can safely enter into and work within the space. (§1910.146(b))

Accepted [1910] An installation is "accepted" if it has been inspected and found by a

Abatement means action by an employer to comply with a cited standard or regulation or to eliminate a recognized hazard identified by OSHA during an inspection. (§1903.19(b)(1)) Abatement date means: For an uncontested citation item, the later of: The date in the citation for abatement of the violation; The date approved by OSHA or established in litigation as a result of a petition for modification of the abatement date (PMA); or The date established in a citation by an informal settlement agreement. For a contested citation item for which the Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission (OSHRC) has issued a final order affirming the violation, the later of: The date identified in the final order for abatement; or The date computed by adding the period allowed in the citation for abatement to the final order date; The date established by a formal settlement agreement. (§1903.19(b)(2)) Abrasive A solid substance used in an abrasive blasting operation. (§1910.94(a)(1)(i); 1926.57(f)(1)(i)) Abrasive blasting The forcible application of an abrasive to a surface by pneumatic pressure, hydraulic pressure, or centrifugal force. (§§1910.94(a)(1)(xii); 1926.57(f)(1)(xii)) Abrasive-blasting respirator A respirator constructed so that it covers the wearer's head, neck, and shoulders to protect him from rebounding abrasive. (§§1910.94(a)(1)(ii); 1926.57(f)(1)(ii)) Abrasive cutting-off wheels Organic-bonded wheels, the thickness of which is not more than one forty-eighth of their diameter for those up to, and including, 20 inches (50.8 cm) in diameter, and not more than one-sixtieth of their diameter for those larger than 20 inches (50.8 cm) in diameter, used for a multitude of operations variously known as cutting, cutting off, grooving, slotting, coping, and jointing, and the like. The wheels may be "solid" consisting of organic-bonded abrasive material throughout, "steel centered" consisting of a steel disc with a rim of organic-bonded material molded around the periphery, or of the "inserted tooth" type consisting of a steel disc with organic-bonded abrasive teeth or inserts mechanically secured around the periphery. (§§1910.94(b)(1)(i); 1926.57(g)(1)(i)) Abrasive wheel means a cutting tool consisting of abrasive grains held together by organic or inorganic bonds. Diamond and reinforced wheels are included. (§1910.211(b)(14)) Absolute filter is one capable of retaining 99.97 percent of a mono disperse aerosol of 0.3 µm particles. (§1910.1003(b)) Absolute pressure (p.s.i.a.) The sum of the atmospheric pressure and gauge pressure (p.s.i.g.). (§1926.804(l)) Accept Any device, equipment, or appliance that is either approved by MSHA and maintained in permissible condition, or is listed or labeled for the class and location under Subpart K of this part. (§1926.800(u))

Acceptable [1910] An installation or equipment is acceptable to the Assistant Secretary of Labor, and approved within the meaning of Subpart S: If it is accepted, or certified, or listed, or labeled, or otherwise determined to be safe by a nationally recognized testing laboratory; or With respect to an installation or equipment of a kind which no nationally recognized testing laboratory accepts, certifies, lists, labels, or determines to be safe, if it is inspected or tested by another Federal agency, or by a State, municipal, or other local authority responsible for enforcing occupational safety provisions of the National Electrical Code, and found in compliance with the provisions of the National Electrical Code as applied in Subpart S; or With respect to custom-made equipment or related installations which are designed, fabricated for, and intended for use by a particular customer, if it is determined to be safe for its intended use by its manufacturer on the basis of

nationally recognized testing laboratory to conform to specified plans or to procedures of applicable codes. (§1910.399) [1926] An installation is "accepted" if it has been inspected and found to be safe by a qualified testing laboratory. (§1926.449) Accepted engineering practices means those requirements which are compatible with standards of practice required by a registered professional engineer. (§1926.650(b)) Access means the right and opportunity to examine and copy. (§1910.1020(c)(1))

Accessible (As applied to equipment) (SEE ALSO "Readily accessible") Admitting close approach; not guarded by locked doors, elevation, or other effective means. (§§1910.399; 1926.449) (As applied to wiring methods) (SEE ALSO "Concealed;" "Exposed") Capable of being removed or exposed without damaging the building structure or finish, or not permanently closed in by the structure or finish of the building. (§§1910.399; 1926.449) Accessory An accessory is a secondary part or assembly of parts which contributes to the overall function and usefulness of a machine. (§1910.180(a)(5)) Accuracy A measure of the bias of a data set. Bias is a systematic error that is either inherent in a method or caused by some artifact or idiosyncrasy of the measurement system. Bias is characterized by a consistent deviation (positive or negative) in the results from an accepted reference value. (§1910.1027 App F) Acfm Actual cubic feet per minute. (§1910.402) Acrylonitrile or AN means acrylonitrile monomer, chemical formula CH2=CHCN. (§1910.1045(b))

Act [1903] means the Williams-Steiger Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (84 Stat. 1590 et seq., 29 U.S.C. 651 et seq.). (§1903.22(a)) [1904] The Act means the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (29 U.S.C. 651 et seq.). The definitions contained in section 3 of the Act (29 U.S.C. 652) and related interpretations apply to such terms when used in this Part 1904. (§1904.46) [1910] means the Williams-Steiger Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (84 Stat. 1590). (§1910.2(a)) [1926] means section 107 of the Contract Work Hours and Safety Standards Act, commonly known as the Construction Safety Act (86 Stat. 96; 40 U.S.C. 333). (§1926.32(a)) Actinolite SEE “Tremolite, Anthophyllite, and Actinolite”

Action level [Acrylonitrile] means a concentration of AN of 1 ppm as an eight (8)-hour time-weighted average. (§1910.1045(b)) [Benzene] means an airborne concentration of benzene of 0.5 ppm calculated as an 8-hour time-weighted average. (§1910.1028(b)) [1,3-Butadiene] means a concentration of airborne BD of 0.5 ppm calculated as an eight (8)-hour time-weighted average. (§1910.1051(b)) (AL) [Cadmium] is defined as an airborne concentration of cadmium of 2.5 micrograms per cubic meter of air (2.5 µg/m3), calculated as an 8-hour timeweighted average (TWA). (§§1910.1027(b); 1926.1127(b)) [Ethylene oxide] means a concentration of airborne EtO of 0.5 ppm calculated as an eight (8)-hour time-weighted average. (§1910.1047(b)) [Formaldehyde] means a concentration of 0.5 part formaldehyde per million parts of air(0.5 ppm) calculated as an eight (8)-hour time-weighted average (TWA) concentration. (§1910.1048(b)) [Inorganic arsenic] means a concentration of inorganic arsenic of 5 micrograms per cubic meter of air (5 µg/m 3) averaged over any eight(8) hour period. (§1910.1018(b)) [Lead] means employee exposure, without regard to the use of respirators, to an airborne concentration of lead of 30 micrograms per cubic meter of air (30 µg/m3) calculated as an 8-hour time-weighted average (TWA). (§§1910.1025(b); 1926.62(b)) [Methylene chloride] means a concentration of airborne MC of 12.5 parts per million (ppm) calculated as an eight (8)-hour time-weighted average (TWA). (§1910.1052(b)) [Methylenedianiline] means a concentration of airborne MDA of 5 ppb as an eight (8)-hour time-weighted average. (§§1910.1050(b); 1926.60(b))

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Actual slope [Occupational exposure to hazardous chemicals in laboratories]

Analysis using exposure or medical records means any compilation of data

means a concentration designated in 29 CFR Part 1910 for a specific substance, calculated as an eight (8)-hour time-weighted average, which initiates certain required activities such as exposure monitoring and medical surveillance. (§1910.1450(b)) [Occupational noise exposure] An 8-hour time-weighted average of 85 decibels measured on the A-scale, slow response, or equivalently, a dose of fifty percent. (§1910.95 App I) [Vinyl chloride] means a concentration of vinyl chloride of 0.5 ppm averaged over an 8-hour work day. (§1910.1017(b)(1)) Actual slope means the slope to which an excavation face is excavated. (§1926 Subpart P App B) Adjacent area means any area within 20 feet (6.1m) of a vapor area that is not separated from the vapor area by tight partitions. (§1910.123(d)) Adjustable barrier guard means a barrier requiring adjustment for each job or die setup. (§1910.211(d)(36)) Adjustable suspension scaffold means a suspension scaffold equipped with a hoist(s) that can be operated by an employee(s) on the scaffold. (§1926.450(b)) Administration means the Occupational Safety and Health Administration. (§1926.32(e)) Adobe blasting SEE “Mud-capping” Aerated solid powders Aerated powders shall mean any powdered material used as a coating material which shall be fluidized within a container by passing air uniformly from below. It is common practice to fluidize such materials to form a fluidized powder bed and then dip the part to be coated into the bed in a manner similar to that used in liquid dipping. Such beds are also used as sources for powder spray operations. (§§1910.107(a)(1); 1926.66(a)(1)) Aerial device Any vehicle-mounted device, telescoping or articulating, or both, which is used to position personnel. (§1910.67(a)(1)) Aerial ladder An aerial device consisting of a single- or multiple-section extensible ladder. (§1910.67(a)(2)) Aerial lifts Aerial lifts include the following types of vehicle-mounted aerial devices used to elevate personnel to jobsites above ground: Extensible boom platforms, Aerial ladders, Articulating boom platforms, Vertical towers, A combination of any of the above defined in ANSI A92.2-1969, which is incorporated by reference as specified in §1910.6. These devices are made of metal, wood, fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP), or other material; are powered or manually operated; and are deemed to be aerial lifts whether or not they are capable of rotating about a substantially vertical axis. (§1910.268(s)(1)) Aerial splicing platform This consists of a platform, approximately 3 ft. X 4 ft., used to perform aerial cable work. It is furnished with fiber or synthetic ropes for supporting the platform from aerial strand, detachable guy ropes for anchoring it, and a device for raising and lowering it with a handline. (§1910.268(s)(2)) Aerial tent A small tent usually constructed of vinyl coated canvas which is usually supported by light metal or plastic tubing. It is designed to protect employees in inclement weather while working on ladders, aerial splicing platforms, or aerial devices. (§1910.268(s)(3)) Aerosol shall mean a material which is dispensed from its container as a mist, spray, or foam by a propellant under pressure. (§1910.106(a)(1)) Affected employee An employee whose job requires him or her to operate or use a machine or equipment on which servicing or maintenance is being performed under lockout or tagout, or whose job requires him or her to work in an area in which such servicing or maintenance is being performed. (§§1910.147(b), .269(x)) Affected employees means those employees who are exposed to the hazard(s) identified as violation(s) in a citation. (§1903.19(b)(3)) After-flame means the time a test specimen continues to flame after the flame source has been removed. (§1910.155(c)(1)) Aggressive method means removal or disturbance of building material by sanding, abrading, grinding or other method that breaks, crumbles, or disintegrates intact ACM. (§1926.1101(b)) Air-purifying respirator means a respirator with an air-purifying filter, cartridge, or canister that removes specific air contaminants by passing ambient air through the air-purifying element. (§1910.134(b)) Airline respirator SEE “Supplied-air respirator (SAR) or airline respirator” Alive or live (Energized) Electrically connected to a source of potential difference, or electrically charged so as to have a potential significantly different from that of the earth in the vicinity. The term "live" is sometimes used in the place of the term "current-carrying," where the intent is clear, to avoid repetition of the longer term. (§§1910.268(s)(4); 1926.960(a)) Aluminum hydraulic shoring means a pre-engineered shoring system comprised of aluminum hydraulic cylinders (crossbraces) used in conjunction with vertical rails (uprights) or horizontal rails (wales). Such system is designed specifically to support the sidewalls of an excavation and prevent cave-ins. (§1926.650(b)) Amended water means water to which surfactant (wetting agent) has been added to increase the ability of the liquid to penetrate ACM. (§1926.1101(b)) American table of distances (also known as Quantity Distance Tables) means American Table of Distances for Storage of Explosives as revised and approved by the Institute of the Makers of Explosives, June 5, 1964. (§1926.914(a))

or any statistical study based at least in part on information collected from individual employee exposure or medical records or information collected from health insurance claims records, provided that either the analysis has been reported to the employer or no further work is currently being done by the person responsible for preparing the analysis. (§1910.1020(c)(2))

Ampacity [1910] Current-carrying capacity of electric conductors expressed in amperes.

Anchorage [Fall protection] means a secure point of attachment for lifelines, lanyards or deceleration devices. (§1926.500(b))

[Powered platforms for building maintenance/Personal fall arrest system] means a secure point of attachment for lifelines, lanyards or deceleration devices, and which is independent of the means of supporting or suspending the employee. (§1910.66 App C) Anchored bridging means that the steel joist bridging is connected to a bridging terminus point. (§1926.751) Anemometer means an instrument for measuring wind velocity. (§1910.66(d)) Angle indicator (Boom) An “angle indicator (Boom)” is an accessory which measures the angle of the boom to the horizontal. (§1910.180(a)(8)) Angle of loading is the inclination of a leg or branch of a sling measured from the horizontal or vertical plane as shown in Fig. N-184-5; provided that an angle of loading of five degrees or less from the vertical may be considered a vertical angle of loading. (§1910.184(b))

EXPLANATION OF SYMBOLS: Minimum Diameter of Curvature Represents a contact surface which shall have a diameter of curvature at least double the diameter of the rope from which the sling is made. Represents a contact surface which shall have a diameter of curvature at least 8 times the diameter of the rope. Represents a load in a choker hitch and illustrates the rotary force on the load and/or the slippage of the rope in contact with the load. Diameter of curvature of load surface shall be at least double the diameter of the rope.

Angulated roping [Powered platforms for building maintenance] means a suspension method where the upper point of suspension is inboard from the attachments on the suspended unit, thus causing the suspended unit to bear against the face of the building. (§1910.66(d))

[Powered platforms for building maintenance/Existing installations (mandatory)] A system of platform suspension in which the upper wire rope sheaves or suspension points are closer to the plane of the building face than the corresponding attachment points on the platform, thus causing the platform to press against the face of the building during its vertical travel. (§1910.66 App D) Annealing The term "annealing" means heating then cooling to soften and render less brittle. (§1910.265(b)(2)) ANSI means American National Standards Institute. (§§1910.66 App D, .179(a)(16), .180(a)(7), .181(a)(11); 1926.32(b)) Anthophyllite SEE “Tremolite, Anthophyllite, and Actinolite” Antirepeat means the part of the clutch/brake control system designed to limit the press to a single stroke if the tripping means is held operated. Antirepeat requires release of all tripping mechanisms before another stroke can be initiated. "Antirepeat" is also called single stroke reset or reset circuit. (§1910.211(d)(1)) API-ASME container A container constructed in accordance with the requirements of §1910.110(b)(3)(iii).1 (§1910.110(a)(1))

(§1910.399)

[1926] The current in amperes a conductor can carry continuously under the conditions of use without exceeding its temperature rating. (§1926.449) Amphibole A family of minerals whose crystals are formed by long, thin units which have two thin ribbons of double chain silicate with a brucite ribbon in between. The shape of each unit is similar to an "I beam". Minerals important in asbestos analysis include cummingtonite-grunerite, crocidolite, tremolite-actinolite and anthophyllite. (§§1910.1001 App J; 1926.1101 App K)

1. Containers designed, constructed, and tested prior to July 1, 1961, according to the Code for Unfired Pressure Vessels for Petroleum Liquids and Gases, 1951 edition with 1954 Addenda, of the American Petroleum Institute and the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, which is incorporated by reference as specified in §1910.6, shall be considered in conformance. Containers constructed according to API-ASME Code do not have to comply with section I or with App to section I. Paragraphs W-601 to W-606 inclusive in the 1943 and earlier editions do not apply. (§1910.110(b)(3)(iii))