Figure 31. Coding guide based on SUMP 12 Steps elements

development process, to help discover to what extent they could be considered SUMPs (or not) and their contribution towards the transition from TTP to SUMPing.

Figure 31. Coding guide based on SUMP 12 Steps elements (Rupprecht Consult, 2019). Source: Generated from Atlas.ti software and modified by the Author As a result, Sankey diagrams have been created with the qualitative data analyses for each case city to show an overview of the results and enrich the research quality. Therefore, the charts show quantitative outcomes related to the coverage of the 32 SUMP Activities by the strategic documents based on the SUMP guidelines with specified aims for each activity of the 12 Steps. Thus, these activities have been categorized into three types:

i. covered, which indicates that the document analyzed has addressed most of the ii. partially covered, which means that the document has fulfilled some of the SUMP

iii. unclear, which signifies the document has not shown precise data to cover the Hence, apart from the statistics generated from this first analyses, the purpose of using descriptive coding and transforming the data analyses results into Sankey diagrams has also been to help investigate the answer to the research question.

3.2.2. SUMP Self-Assessment Tool | Principles of a SUMP

After analyzing the SUMP 12 Steps elements throughout strategic documents, this thesis has used the SUMP Self-Assessment Tool to complement, enhance, and broaden the five analyses. For instance, this instrument has been developed by ELTIS. It helps evaluate urban mobility planning through an online questionnaire (full framework transcription available in Appendix B) containing up to 55 questions. The number of questions may vary according to the answers provided and the context analyzed. In addition, it has been structured along with nine parts (European Platform on Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans, 2019):

i. Planning context ii. Mobility assessment iii. Vision and objectives iv. Measurable targets v. Integrated transport vi. Implementation plan vii. Institutional cooperation viii.Participation ix. Monitoring and evaluation

Therefore, the SUMP SAT can evaluate the quality of a mobility plan and analyze everyday planning activities. Thus, it is a valuable instrument throughout the entire planning process and implementation to assess the situation and, if necessary, adapt/rearrange the activities accordingly. After all, the results are displayed on a radar chart illustrating the extent to which the mobility plan achieved the SUMP Principles. Moreover, it also provides some suggestions for improving the areas where the plan might be experiencing difficulties. All SUMP SAT results from the five case cities are fully available in the