Figure 59. Budapest BMT Results - Principles of SUMP

Figure 59. Budapest BMT Results - Principles of SUMP. Source: Author based on the SUMP SAT Results

Therefore, the overall SUMP SAT results present a good mobility planning process since most of the SUMP principles have achieved percentages above 75%. However, the lowest rate has been associated with the 3

rd

principle, related to the participatory approach, which should happen from the beginning of the SUMP cycle until the end. Hence, according to the SUMP guidelines, this principle is essential for people to feel ownership of the SUMP and the policies it flourishes. Failing to involve citizens which is the primary reason behind this low percentage, since BMT has not displayed in a clear way how this engagement has been happening and stakeholders along the process could harm the long-term success of the SUMPing since public support might be compromised. Further, the 4

th

principle, which is related to the comprehensive analysis of the current mobility situation in order to propose future conditions has received the highest corroborate and outline the success and failures of following the SUMP guidelines, which analyses session.

4.4. Rome | PUMS | Piano Urbano della Mobilità Sostenibile di Roma Capitale

The Piano Urbano della Mobilità Sostenibile di Roma Capitale (PUMS), approved by the municipality in 2019, is aligned with the vision of (PRG in English, the General Master Plan), which PUMS is connected to it. In addition, PUMS has a medium-long term horizon (10 years), which has developed an urban mobility system vision, proposing the achievement of environmental, social, and economic sustainability objectives through the definition of actions aimed at improving the effectiveness and efficiency of the mobility system and its integration with the urban and territorial structure and developments (Roma Servizi per la Mobilità, 2019a).

Furthermore, PUMS has been divided into two volumes. The first volume is related to the assessment and the objectives. Thus, it has been structured with an introduction, followed by an explanation of the planning development, including the participatory process. Further, the volume is subdivided in two chapter, 1. Quadro Conoscitivo (in English, Assessment Board), is dedicated to in-depth analyses, followed by 2. Definizione degli obiettivi by their target and indicators (Roma Servizi per la Mobilità, 2019a).

On the other hand, the second volume is linked with the strategies, actions, scenarios, monitoring, and evaluation. Therefore, it has been split into six main chapters following the sequence of the previous chapter: 3. Strategie (in English, Strategy); 4. Costruzione degli scenari (in English, Building Scenarios); 5. trategie e Azioni negli scenari di riferimento e di piano (in English, Strategies, and Actions in the reference and plan scenarios); 6. Simulazione e valutazione degli scenari (in English, Simulation and evaluation of scenarios); 7. Monitoraggio e valutazione ex post del piano (in English, Monitoring and ex-post evaluation of the plan); 8. Conclusioni (in English, Conclusions) in addition, at the end of the plan, it identifies the workgroup in the appendix (Roma Servizi per la Mobilità, 2019b). Hence, PUMS has addressed many integrated approaches, breaking the traditional planning structure.

In a nutshell, PUMS guidelines are well organized and comprise many indispensable fields document has pursued most of the SUMP 12 Steps to a certain extent (Figure 60); however, the activities associated with a clear