Atelier Berlin

AT E L I E R B E R L I N rethinking, planning and designing berlin tempelhof field

Institute for Housing and Urban Development Studies of Erasmus University Rotterdam Urban Management & Development: Sustainable Urbanism 4 Science without Borders Exchange Programme

Atelier Berlin II

Rethinking, Planning and Designing Berlin Tempelhof Field

Lecturers

Ore Fika - Course Coordinator Luciana Freitas Ezequiel - Research assistant Robbin Zuiderwijk - Research Assistant & Course Administration

Rotterdam, The Netherlands. 2016

External contributors Paola Alfaro d’Alençon Christof Mayer Sophie Vidal Gumbert Salonek

Participants Integration Group

Agatha Know Figueira Heloísa Macena de Souza Larissa Gabriela Germano Ragaini Luciano Linhares Maiara Luchi Camilotti

Income and Resources Generation Aloisio Bento Pereira Camila Rodrigues Cabral Clara Cardoso Machado Gustavo Konrad Hugo Carvalho Bustamente Lais Boni Valieris Maurício Storchi Maiara Luchi Camilotti

Education and Empowerment Felipe Lopes Damasceno Fernando José de Andrade Giovanna Mendes Inêz Juliano Boldrin de Mendonça Larissa Gabriela Germano Ragaini Maria Luiza Carnielli Marina Figueiredo Piva Natalia Custodio de Mello

Sport and Recreation

Beatriz Mayumi Toma Débora Jun Portugheis Heloísa Macena de Souza Pedro Henrique Araujo Costa Pedro Portugal Sorrentino Renata Scherb Steinberg Thiago Pardini Furtado Vinícius Coelho Sousa

Security and Safety

Agatha Know Figueira Carlo Cesare de Meo Scotoni Cristina Araujo Nakamura Gabriela Pedroso Chimello Hugo Carniel Caramelo Guedes Monyse Elias Takaki Natália Baêta Vieira Lima Pedro Villela Marçal

Health and food production

André Bambirra Vaillant Mirella Cavalaro Donatello Ribeiro Evelyn Harumi Tomoyose Gabriela Pires Vieira Luciano Pinto Linhares Paula Isabella de Oliveira Rocha Steven Schramp Baumgarten Victoria Coelho de Menezes

contents introduction ............................................. 6 income and resources generation ............................................. 13 education and empowerment ............................................. 35 sport and recreation ............................................. 53 security and safety ............................................. 69 health and food production ............................................. 89 integration ............................................. 111

DEFINITION INTEGRATION INTRODUCTION LOCATION GERMANY

REFUGEES IN TEMPELHOF In 2015, following the European refugee crisis, four out of the seven hangars in Tempelhof have become shelter for approximately 2000 refugees, it is considered the republic of Germany biggest refugee camp.

This situation has forced the government of Berlin to change the former decision to give the entire former airport and field to its citizens.

6

TEMPELHOF

BERLIN

HANGARS

FIELD

X

Tempelhof is again in a new phase, where over about 800 people sleep on bunk beds in a makeshift dormitory. It is not surprising to conclude that Tempelhof was not designed for living and managing such a place and situation, it have been a challenging for the organizers. Challenges includes, safety for women who work/volunteer for the refugee organizations and women who refugee, creating a conflict environment with different nationalities and cultures to considers, help for traumatized children and families, and others.

In April 2016, the German parliament passed a new law that allowed temporary structures to be built on the Tempelhof grounds for the refugees for a restricted period of three years. The areas approved for development is limited to Apron (Tarmac) of Tempelhof. This new law, called “Tempelhof Light�, has nothing in common to the original plans proposed by the senate years ago.

This decision has not come without concerns or criticism. The opposition states that Tempelhof hangers are not habitable in the longer term and that the refugees living there are in below standard conditions. They also claim that planning is inefficient, and that Tempelhof is on its way to becoming a ghetto of refugees, with little or no prospects and high levels of depression among its residents.

LIMITATION AND STRENGHTHS During the work, the groups faced some limitations, such as the short time - only 4 days in the field -; some language barriers for the interviews, not many people speaking english, and also for the research, since many texts were in german and did not have an adequate translation; work off the site, because the work was done by distance, and finally, the cultural differences, once the students are not germans and they did not know about the current situation from the inside.

LIMITATION SHORT TIME LANGUAGE BARRIER INTERVIEWS RESEARCHES

STRENGTHS CULTURAL DIFFERENCES DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVE

TASKS

Groups of Atelier Berlin main task was to propose facilities that will improve the living conditions of refugees living in Tempelhof and be beneficial for all other residents; in addition, the groups must think about how to integrate these refugees better with Berlin population and make a review of the current proposal and plan for the area, in order to come up with innovative but practical proposals for the use of Tempelhof.

Improve the living conditions

WORK FROM DISTANCE CULTURAL DIFFERENCES

Integrate these refugees better with Berlin population

7

METHODOLOGY income

education

sports

food

safety

First they made a field trip to get in contact with the place; thus some classes about the field and its history was given, several visits to it were made, and some interviews and questionnaires were done in diverse areas of the city trying to get different perspectives about people’s opinion of the situation Berlin faces now with the arrival of refugees.

Than, back to Rotterdam, The work was focused in data collection and mapping of some relevant points of the area for each group. After that, using the methodology developed by ihs, a problem analysis and stakeholder analysis were made and visions and objectives for the field were set for each thematic group, followed by strategies and actions formulation.

MAPPING DATA COLLECTION INTERVIEWS FIELD TRIP

0 8

1

2

ACTIONS GANTT STRATEGIES GAM PROBLEM ANALYSIS STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS

3

PRESENTATION

4

5

6 WEEKS 9

METHODOLOGY It was 6 weeks of work, which we were divided in 5 thematic groups: Income and Resources Generation; Education and Empowerment ; Sports and Recreation; Security and Safety; Health and Food Production

1 2 3 4 5 INCOME AND RESOURCES GENERATION

10

EDUCATION AND EMPOWERMENT

SPORTS AND RECREATION

SECURITY AND SAFETY

HEALTH AND FOOD PRODUCTION

11

INCOME AND RESOURCE GENERATION ALOISIO PEREIRA . CAMILA CABRAL . CLARA CARDOSO . GUSTAVO KONRAD HUGO BUSTAMANTE . LAIS BONI VALIERIS . MAURICIO STORCHI . MAIARA CAMILOTTI

DEFINITION According to UNESCO (1993), income and resource generation can take many forms. However, these forms primarily refer to a range of productive activities or skills used by people in order to gain resources or increase income. Resources can be understood in three fronts; financial, physical, and human resources.

UNESCO classifies three ways of how income and resources can be generated: 1 – Utilizing skills to meet immediate needs and achieve savings rather than financial generation reliant on income.

E.g.: a productive person produces enough food to feed themselves and their family (a money value can be placed on the food produced and so the food can be seen as income – measurable value on the goods and services people produce) (UNESCO 1993).

DIAGNOSIS (p.32). Income and resource generating programmes aim to support the disadvantaged population in generating sufficient income to provide for themselves and/or their families.

In the case of refugees,, people are arriving in vastly different societies in comparison to their own cultures.

Within the classification of UNESCO, it is important to highlight that the most imperative methods of income and resource generation for refugees are primarily self sustaining mechanisms. Meaning, refugees are reliant on exchanging work for food and shelter while learning about Germany’s cultural rules and language in order to enter the market with adequate skills and resources.

Moreover, refugees must obtain financial, cultural and social skills necessary to obtain available jobs and discover windows of opportunity for entrepreneurship.

2 – A person can generate income through the astute investment of existing resources.

E.g.: the development of a piece of land through planting a crop for sale. The money gained is income.

An indirect form of investment is to bank savings or to purchase part ownership (shares) in a productive enterprise, such as a business. Money generated from such investments can be classified as income (UNESCO, 1993).

3 – The use of skills to serve another person who pays for the use of those skills (the earning of wages) or explore windows of opportunity in the economy/market.

E.g.: self-employment, working for others, or by adding to personal resources through investment” (UNESCO, 1993).

According to UNESCO (1993), Governments and nations have the responsibility to look after their citizens. In our society, and consequently those within governments and nations, there are disadvantaged persons who, “if provided with support, could become self-supporting” 14

By resources it is possible By resources it is possible totounderstand two fronts, understand in in two fronts, the financial physical the financialand and physical resources, and thethe human resources, and human one. UNESCO classifies three one. UNESCO classifies three ways of how income and ways of income and resources canhow be generated. resources can be generated.

PRIMARY DATA One of the weaknesses of the city of Berlin is the analysis of the results from the field research employment opportunities, a finding that was further supported by desk research, which showed higher unemployment rates in Berlin compared to the German average. (EURES, 2016) However, unemployment rates appear to be caused by a discrepancy between the supply and demand regarding different types of workers. This is suggested by the high number of job vacancies (2.6%) which accompanies this unemployment rate (Eurostat, 2015b).

1 – Income generation which d 1 – Income generation which does not using lead to getting money, lead to getting money, using skills to meet immediate needs in o to meet immediate needs in order to achieve savings. achieve savings.

2 - A person2can - Agenerate personincome can generate inco by astute investment of existing by astute investment of exist resources.

resources.

3- The use of skills to serving another person who 3pays for use the use of those The of skills to serving a skills (the earning of wages) and explore person who pays for the use o new windows of opportunities

skills (the earning of wages) an new windows of opportunities

It was also revealed during our research that approximately 20% of incoming refugees had received higher education, and thus would be able to work in higher skilled jobs. This information, and the supposition that these refugees are really, contrary to part of popular perception, resourceful and proactive people, are supported by news of flourishing commercial and productive activity in refugee camps in Jordan, where refugees are allowed to work and create enterprises.

OBJECTIVE SHORT CYCLE

20%

50%

around of Syrian the refugees have a graduation diploma

over of the refugees in Germany are between 18-35 years old

DATA

VOCATIV, 2015

Due to the high degree of education within the refugee population, our research formulated an image of competent young men, some with higher education, mostly Syrian, but almost inescapably from muslim origins. This information led us to investigate the possibilities of refugees, asylum seekers and immigrants as entrepreneurs. Pursuing this line of inquiry, we found that the requirements for foreigners in Germany to be self-employed or entrepreneurs are higher than for EUROSTAT, 2015 nationals. This has created additional barriers for for- WHY? SHORT CYCLE STRATEGY eigners who must contend with the challenges of an SELF-EMPLOYMENT RATE OF THE POPULATION alien environment and culture. If these barriers were significant, one could hypothesize that a disparity between self-employment and entrepreneurship between foreigners and German nationals would appear in the data. With further research, it was apparent that this polarity of self-employment between foreigners and German nationals exists within German society. Although non-EU citizens represent 5% of Germany’s populaGERMANS NON-EU CITIZENS EUROSTAT, 2015 SHORT CYCLE tion (Eurostat, 2014), they represent only 4.45% of the self-employed. This gap equals a “self-employment deficiency” of upwards 35000 people (Eurostat, 2015d).

Working on an integration of refugees and immigrants that transcends the e job market and focusses on the economy at whole, a lead in our research was discovered. The integration of refugees works to offset potential disadvantages and enables them to create enterprises, and consequently create jobs. Incidentally, we later found such strategy to be partly supported by Eurostat, 2016.

Cambridge researchers in a paper about entrepreneurEUROSTAT, 2015 ship and innovation in refugee camps in Jordan (Haugh and de la Chaux, 2015).

89.22%

SECONDARY DATA After forming a picture of Berlin’s economy and general issues, to further advance our research pursuits, we sought to acquire further information directly related to immigrants, refugees and asylum-seekers.

To proceed with a more clear understanding of the refugee’s background, we needed to know which nationalities composed the refugee population in Germany.

Among the first things we found out were that Syrians composed the majority of the incoming refugees, distantly followed by Afghans and Iraqis. Secondly it was discovered that over 70% of the refugees coming to Germany were male, and that over 50% of them were between 18 and 35 years of age (Eurostat, 2015d).

STRATEGY - WHY? Comparing Germany's labor market conditions between Nationals, Foreigners that are EU-Citizens and Foreigners that are Non-EU Citizens

4.45%

Foreigners, of which

Nationals

EU-Citizens Non-EU Citizens

Self-employment of the population (aged 20–64) by broad groups of citizenship

89.22%

6.33%

4.45%

Unemployment rate of the population (aged 20–64) by broad groups of country of citizenship

4.50%

6.50%

11.90%

Temporary employees as percentage of the total number of employees by age and broad groups of country of citizenship

10.60%

15.70%

18.90%

Foreigners, of which

Nationals

Part-time employment of the population (aged 20–64) by broad groups of country of citizenship and sex

EU-Citizens

Non EU-Citizens

Male

Female

Male

Female

Male

Female

8.30%

43.20%

10.30%

48.40%

17.70%

57.30%

15

d

MAPPING The mapping, according to the definition of income and resource generation, aims to highlight the local commerce and services as part of opportunities for work. These opportunities are in a close distance from the Tempelhof refugee camp, such as mini markets, restaurants, cafes, and various other services., In order to analyse the area’s connectivity with the city, the available transport system, facilities and amenities (hospitals, health centers, and police offices) were recorded.

Using participative methods, a map was created by refugees, working to highlight the important areas and services in the city in their perspective. These important factors, as noted by the refugees, included law services , libraries, educational centers, food markets, useful facilities and etc. This initiative fits with our work as it is an important tool to explore facilities and places that provide opportunities to generate resources and income.

STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS The stakeholder analysis aims in evaluate institutions, parties, governments, NGOs and target groups that influence and could influence in the project’s development. For the present work, the stakeholders are listed above. The stakeholder network maps the connections between each stakeholder. The strength of the inter-relations and connections between stakeholders is represented by the varying thickness of lines.

In the current analysis , it is important to highlight the roles of the two scales of government (German and the municipality of Berlin) as pillars of the refugee influx.

These bodies of government play the role of opening their borders and allocating the refugees, including all the financial and physical elements (provision of shelters, food, money, assistance, etc.). The Voluntary Initiatives, working in a huge variety of areas, including

MAPPING

https://arriving-in-berlin.de/ comerce and food bus stop metro station education services police office hospitals 16 education

services

hospitals

police

bus stop

metro station

N

housing, education, job opportunities, integration in the german society, calling for people willing to help, and filling the government’s gaps in the refugee crisis.

The desired outcome involved strong connections built between the refugees and educational institutions, job centers, and voluntary initiatives. Which would be in high interest and high power position, and the Job Centers need to be connected to the public power represented by the Municipality of Berlin.

To understand how to properly integrate the incoming refugees and previously sheltered asylum seekers in the German economy, we first needed to have a broad, reasonably precise, picture of the Berlin and German economy.

A report by the Berlin’s municipality, titled “Berlin – A success story Facts, Figures, Statistics”, was instrumental in generating this image. The report revealed Berlin as having a high unemployment rate when compared to the rest of Germany, but also revealed that this rate has been falling for 20 consecutive years. Furthermore, the rapid rise of Berlin’s artistic scene has brought an increase of growth to the tourism sector of the economy.

Moreover, the creativity of the city is not limited only to art; Berlin also became, in recent years, Germany’s start up capital and a strong challenger to München’s TI hegemony (Press and Information Office of the Federal State of Berlin, 2014) (EURES, 2016).

HIGH INTEREST | LOW POWER SUBJECTS

PLAYERS HIGH INTEREST | HIGH POWER European Union Berliners

Turkey

German Government

Senate Department for Urban Development and the Environment

The refugees

Municipality of Berlin

UNHCR (United Nation Refugee Agency) Voluntay initiatives Job centers Private sector

Tempelhof Airport Building Management

Real state market

Right wing party - NDP Educational Institutions Former Migrants Citizens

Media LOW INTEREST | LOW POWER CROWD

CONTEXT SETTERS LOW INTEREST | HIGH POWER

HIGH INTEREST | LOW POWER SUBJECTS

PLAYERS HIGH INTEREST | HIGH POWER European Union

Berliners

* The refugees

Turkey

German Government

Senate Department for Urban Development and the Environment

Municipality of Berlin

UNHCR (United Nation Refugee Agency)

*

Voluntary initiatives Job centers Private sector Right wing party - NDP

Tempelhof Airport Building Management

Real state market

Educational Institutions Former Migrants Citizens

Media LOW INTEREST | LOW POWER CROWD

CONTEXT SETTERS LOW INTEREST | HIGH POWER

HIGH INTEREST | LOW POWER SUBJECTS

PLAYERS HIGH INTEREST | HIGH POWER Berliners

Turkey

European Union

Senate Department for Urban Development and the Environment

German Government

UNHCR (United Nation Refugee Agency)

Municipality of Berlin

Voluntary initiatives Educational Institutions

Job centers

The refugees

Private sector Real state market

Former Migrants Citizens

Tempelhof Airport Building Management

Right wing party - NDP

Media LOW INTEREST | LOW POWER CROWD

CONTEXT SETTERS LOW INTEREST | HIGH POWER

HIGH INTEREST | LOW POWER SUBJECTS

PLAYERS HIGH INTEREST | HIGH POWER Senate Department for Urban Development and the Environment

*

Berliners

Turkey

European Union German Government

UNHCR (United Nation Refugee Agency)

*

**

Municipality of Berlin

Voluntary initiatives Educational Institutions

*** *connection with Municipality of Berlin and German Goverment

The refugees

Job centers

Private sector Real state market

Former Migrants Citizens

Tempelhof Airport Building Management

* ** ***

Right wing party - NDP

Media LOW INTEREST | LOW POWER CROWD

stakeholders network stakeholders network

DESIRED SITUATION

stakeholders network stakeholders network

CURRENT SITUATION

CONTEXT SETTERS LOW INTEREST | HIGH POWER

Normal connection between stakeholders Medium connection between stakeholders Strong connection between stakeholders

17

STAKEHOLDER CHART STAKEHOLDER

European Union

German Goverment

Municipality of Berlin

CATEGORY

PERCEPTION OF THE PROBLEM

International

The EU are facing daily problem regarding the influx of refugees. The comitee are facing different opinions of the participant countries, some are closing borders or have been reducing quotas. Currently, there are different opininos and too much tension among the countries. Tension over the refugee crisis is testing the cohesion of the European Union and pushing its free-movement Schengen agreement to the point of collapse.THE TURKEY CASE: EU WILL :6) Evacuate completely refugees from the Greek islands and readmit only those, who crossed into the islands after a date to be determined.

7) Cover the cost incurred [in the Readmission process.]

8) Referring to Point 5 of the EU-Turkey Statement of 29 November 2015, instead of October, Adopt and implement a relevant EU Council Regulation to realize the lifting of visa requirements for the Turkish citizens in the Schengen zone, by latest end of June 2016, based on an accelerated roadmap, dedicated support and in conjunction with the Readmission Agreement.

9) Effectively and expeditiously resettle Syrians from Turkey based on the formula referred to in Article 4 to balance on a monthly basis, and cooperate with Turkey in any joint endeavour to establish humanitarian safe areas inside Syria.

10) Prepare for the decision on the opening of new chapters (the accession of Turkey to the EU) 11) Expedite and facilitate the transfer and disbursement of the Refugee Facility for Syrians and decide upon an additional facility of Euro 3 billion until the end of 2018.

12) Review progress jointly with Turkey on monthly basis, including on mutually agreed appropriate locations.

National

Due to the crisis, the current goverment are facing different protests and there are rasing opposity political ideology parties and movements. Protest are taking place in the streets.

Yet the number of asylum seekers arriving in central Europe has dropped off considerably in recent weeks due to Balkan countries sealing off their borders and the European Union and Turkey agreeing on a deal to return refugees arriving in Greece. However, Germany is the the EU country that most receved and are receving refugees. The influx is high and there are not sufficient (or qualify) support or infrastructure and there are doughts about where all those people will work and live. But, there are other poit of view, that the active economicaly population is getting older and leave the market, and germany need young workers to solve the negative population groth and future colapse of the labour force stock.

"But well before the end of the year, the mood had begun to sour. As the influx continued, even some of Merkel's own supporters began to voice concerns about when it would end and to question exactly how so many people from other cultures were going to be absorbed. Then over the New Year came widely reported allegations of sexual assault on German women by asylum seeker and illegal immigrant men in Cologne and other cities closely followed by claims that the authorities had failed to prevent the attacks because of "political correctness"."

The city has been receving a huge number of refugees even not being the city with the better rates in what reffers to unemployment, job opportunities and consider one of the Local goverment porest cities in the Germany. In addition there are riots between a emerging right wing movement that goes agains the refugees policies and actions mad by Merkel's goverment, arguing

It is responsible for the city planning and building culture, housing and rents, mobility, Senate Department for Urban Development and Agency/departm environment and climate protection and monument conservation. This department have ent the Environment the power for permit or not the future development of the tempelhof field and has related (governmental) with the referendum that maintain the field as a urban park.

UNHCR (United Nation Refugee Agency)

Volunteers iniciatives

18

Give something back to Berlin (platform for people or organizations find what they could do and in which iniciative) Berliner-stadtmission - online

platform of centers or iniciatives to donate or volunteer in Berlin

International

This agency coordinates, at a UN level, the refugees information and rights. It considers the crisis at an eminent problem and work as a mediator between goverments and between refugges and state institutions

POWER INFLUENC INTERES TS E

High

High

High

Medium

Medium

Medium NGO

POTENTIAL ROLE

CAPACITY

IMPLICATION

High

Have the power to create polices and work as mediator among the countries

Set up guidelines to help the refugees stabilished themselves in the EU and help with the political relation between countries during the crisis

Regulate the EU political system

High

Set up guidelines to help the refugees stabilished themselves Have the power to create polices, in Germany; allocate them in a control all the refugee camps, more equal situation according the german cities' capacity; alocate the refugges, and decide their future. facilitate the interation and reduce the bureouacracy for the refugees start a new life in gremany.

High

Set up guidelines to help the refugees stabilished themselves in a small scale (city scale Berlin); allocate them first in the camps, and guarantee the quality Have the power to create polices, of those locations; facilitate the control all the refugee camps, interation and reduce the Regulate Berlin political system alocate the refugges, and decide bureouacracy for the refugees their future. start a new life in Berlin. Work as mediators between the group of stakeholders that could influence in the future of the refugees in the city (Job centers, real state market)

High

Stimulate residential constructions, improve residential environments, support building culture on a large scale, create Control the future developments in Manage housing, building, foundations, improve the city, including the Tempelhof planning, traffic, environment and planning pedestrian, bicycle and public Field monument development transport system, solve problems concerning green spaces, natural areas and climate protection, protect cultural heritage

High

Lead and coordinate international action to protect refugees and resolve refugee problems worldwide

High

Integrate refugees and their Run an accessible online platform, Make social engagement and neighbors, organise events for social projects, facilitate a neighbourhood work accessible to newcomers to meet actors and iniciate range of opportunities for non-German speaking population, aware residents of sociopolitical diverse social engagement and including the refugees topics in Berlin participation across Berlin

Most part emerge with the crisis but those institutions work as amenities in the goverment's gaps and help to supply the needs for acistance of the refugees.

Medium

High

Mission statement of the Berlin city, support people in body and soul

Safeguard the rights and wellbeing of refugees

Provide assistance to the refugees by donations or volunteers which allow them to invest on housing, spiritual welfare, education, resources

Regulate the German political system

Ensure the right to seek asylum and find safe refuge in another State, with the option to return home voluntarily, integrate locally or resettle in a third country

Give a home, ask for God, give opportunity, promote education, share resources, sell goods

STAKEHOLDER

CATEGORY

PERCEPTION OF THE PROBLEM

International

The EU are facing daily problem regarding the influx of refugees. The comitee are facing different opinions of the participant countries, some are closing borders or have been reducing quotas. Currently, there are different opininos and too much tension among the countries. Tension over the refugee crisis is testing the cohesion of the European Union and pushing its free-movement Schengen agreement to the point of collapse.THE TURKEY CASE: EU WILL :6) Evacuate completely refugees from the Greek islands and readmit only those, who crossed into the islands after a date to be determined.

7) Cover the cost incurred [in the Readmission process.]

8) Referring to Point 5 of the EU-Turkey Statement of 29 November 2015, instead of October, Adopt and implement a relevant EU Council Regulation to realize the lifting of visa requirements for the Turkish citizens in the Schengen zone, by latest end of June 2016, based on an accelerated roadmap, dedicated support and in conjunction with the Readmission Agreement.

9) Effectively and expeditiously resettle Syrians from Turkey based on the formula referred to in Article 4 to balance on a monthly basis, and cooperate with Turkey in any joint endeavour to establish humanitarian safe areas inside Syria.

10) Prepare for the decision on the opening of new chapters (the accession of Turkey to the EU) 11) Expedite and facilitate the transfer and disbursement of the Refugee Facility for Syrians and decide upon an additional facility of Euro 3 billion until the end of 2018.

12) Review progress jointly with Turkey on monthly basis, including on mutually agreed appropriate locations.

Ref.connect (The core activity is to provide volunteer language mediators for appointments of fugitives (eg medical appointments, legal counseling, job counseling, registrations etc.).This is done through individual requests that the website will be published. For this, the staff are working closely with many of ref.connect refugee facilities and lodging.

Place4Refugees (facebook group to find place for the refugees) European Union AWO (The workers' welfare is one of the six leading associations of independent welfare in Germany. It is a voluntary organization with a particular image because of their history and their sociopolitical self-understanding)

Cafe 104 (advice center for people with insecure status)

POWER INFLUENC INTERES TS E

Political body

Extremist vision against Merkel's policies of the openess for the refugees. Very strong position to stop the refugees influx and some parts to expulse them of germany.

Berliners Municipality of Berlin

Residents Local goverment

Duecity to ahas polarization in political views and of ideologies, right wing The been receving a huge number refugees and eventhe notemerging being theofcity with the political vision, the reffers countrytoisunemployment, divided. Part of job the opportunities Germans (and theconsider berlinersone as of well) better rates in what and the defend close others agree Merkel's polices and welcome the porest cities in the boarders Germany.and In addition there with are riots between a emerging right wing movement that goes agains the refugeesrefugees. policies and actions mad by Merkel's goverment, arguing

The refugees

Private sector

Refugees/asylu Those people are coming from a war country, destroy in several ways. those are people m-seekers/future that come with traumas, lost of family and friends, schools, work, university, etc. they put all their expectations in germany as a new place with new opportunities to build a new life. residents Private sector

Some companies or services had already employed some refugees, but most part of this sector has a series of skills that in needed to be on it (e.g. speak german, work skills, undersiting about the system of boureoucracy in germany)

Responsable for new developments Berlin, culture, as well in the Tempelhof area that had It is responsible forfuture the city planning andinbuilding housing and rents, mobility, Senate Department Urban Development and Agency/departm Real for state market alredy receveid for new developments. sector influence the market have and andproposals climate protection and monumentThis conservation.

This department Private sector environment ent cost of living in the berlin, mainly regardingof the price in field the city. the Environment the power for permit or not future development theland tempelhof and has related (governmental) with the referendum that maintain the field as a urban park.

Educational Institutions

Education

UNHCR (United Nation Refugee Agency) Former Migrants Citizens

International Residents

Volunteers iniciatives

Give something back to Berlin (platform for people or organizations find what they could do and in which iniciative) - online Berliner-stadtmission Turkey

platform of centers or iniciatives to donate or volunteer in Berlin

NGO International

Currently, some schools in Germany are talking about the refugee crises to children and youths and there are some refugees in the scholar system already ( as well as former refugees, 2nd, 3rd generation). Those institutions has the power to help the refugees to enter in the market and in the german society, teaching not only the normal curriculum, but giving the base to the german culture and systems.

This agency coordinates, at a UN level, the refugees information and rights. It considers the crisis at an residents eminent problem and work as a mediator goverments Most part of those have similar backgrounds of thebetween new refugees (same and culture, refugges and state institutions language, religion) and between part of them are willing to participate and help the new arivals.

Turkey will: 1) Readmit expeditiously all irregular migrants crossing into the Greek islands from Turkey without prejudice to Turkey's current commitments under international law.

This readmission process will be for a temporary period and only for humanitarian purposes.

2) For that purpose, station, in agreement with the Government of Greece, adequate number of immigration officers the established "Irregular Migration Most part emerge withand the liaison crisis but thoseininstitutions work as amenities in the Monitoring Units" mainly Lesvos, Chios, Leros and Kos facilitate goverment's gaps and in help to supply theSamos, needs for acistance of to thehelp refugees. processing of readmission cases.

3) Effectively implement all appropriate administrative and legal instruments to serve above stated purposes, including in the bilateral arrangements that will be put in place in agreement with the Government of Greece.

4) Effectively cooperate with the EU as well as the UNHCR to ensure expedited resettlement in spirit of burden sharing of Syrians to the EU member states, based on the formula of "for every Syrian readmitted by Turkey from Greek islands, another Syrian will be resettled from Turkey to the EU member states."

5) Effectively implement projects, submitted by Turkey and decided upon by the Refugee Facility Steering Committee; and cooperate with the EU member states in any joint endeavour to establish humanitarian safe areas inside Syria.

CAPACITY

IMPLICATION

Mediate appointments as translators

Online individual requests to be selected according to language skills and availability

Medium

High

Provide language mediators for appointments

Medium High

High High

Have the power polices Provide sheltertotocreate newcomers and work as mediator among the countries

Medium

High

Promote worker welfare

Medium

Due to the crisis, the current goverment are facing different protests and there are rasing opposity political ideology parties and movements. Protest are taking place in the streets.

Yet the number of asylum seekers arriving in central Europe has dropped off considerably in recent weeks due to Balkan countries sealing off their borders and the European Union EverJobs (online platform for and Turkey agreeing on a deal to return refugees arriving in Greece. However, Germany is refugees find jobs with assistence, Medium the the EU country that most receved and are receving refugees. The influx is high and there are not sufficient (or qualify) support or infrastructure and there are doughts about create a cv, etc.) where all those people will work and live. But, there are other poit of view, that the active German Goverment economicaly population is getting older and leave the market, and germany need young National High Agency/departme workers to solve andhelp future of to thefind labour Job centers nt (nonPart ofthe thenegative existingpopulation job centersgroth already thecolapse refugees jobsforce stock.

High "But well before the end of the year, the mood had begun to sour. As the influx continued, governmental) even some of Merkel's own supporters began to voice concerns about when it would end and to question exactly how so many people from other cultures were going to be DependingThen the media company (newspaper/television) could be neutral or not assault regarding over the New Year came widely reported allegations of sexual on Newspaper/Televi absorbed. the refugees.

Thebysocial media hasand been spreading groups and pages in and order to help theasylum seeker illegal immigrant men in Cologne other cities Media sion/App/Social German women High refugees (e.g. groups to find that receive refugee in their houses, groups to find closely followed by claims thatpeople the authorities hadafailed to prevent the attacks because of Media volunteers, etc.) "political correctness"."

Right wing party

POTENTIAL ROLE

High

Provide social and medical help

Set funds up guidelines to help the Raise to continue to provide Mediate newcomers with Hostel refugees stabilished themselves short-term accomodation for vouchers, hostel places and in the EUrefugees and help with the Regulate the EU political private Berlin hostssystem political relation between countries during thetocrisis Enable young people active projects in areas such as participate to the development of Pursuing elderly care, youth services, the community, fight for a socially migration counseling and just society and taking political community development influence Supports persons who are officially termed "illegal immigrants"

Provide counselling about the many critical challenges faced by "illegal immigrants" and to help them obtain legal residency, provide access to medical services

Set up guidelines to help Help refugees to find a jobthe in Foresee jobs for refugees, match Integrate refugees locally refugees stabilished Germanythemselves employers with job seekers Have the power to create polices, in Germany; allocate them in a control all the refugee camps, more equal situation according Regulate the German political Job center is in charge of all Provide job search assistance, High alocateassistance the refugges, decide the german system labor market Provide for and refugees on eligible workingcities' age incapacity; Berlin and resume assistance, Medium their future. facilitate thethe interation and reduce finding jobs supports professional and information, tutorials,on-site the bureouacracy the seekers refugees social integrationfor of job recruitment start a new life in gremany.

High

Low

Give information, report problems

Shape public opinion

Social media spreading groups and pages

Medium Medium Set up guidelines to help the (negative (negative Stop the refugee influx and some Fight against the refugees influx in Xenophobia and prejudice against refugees stabilished themselves for the for the parts to expulse them of Germany refugees in a smallGermany scale (city scale refugees) refugees) Berlin); allocate them first in the camps, and guarantee the quality Have the power to create polices, of those locations; facilitate the Xenophobia and prejudice against or not accept the refugees refugees or important control refugee camps, Accept interation and reduce the Medium High Havealla the relevant opinion High High Regulate Berlin political systemof influx on the integration alocate the refugges, and decide bureouacracy for the refugees stakeholders their future. start a new life in Berlin. Work as the refugees in German society mediators between the group of Be integrated to the German that could influence society, enter the labour market stakeholders Bring new skills and different Low High in the future of the and develop windows of cultures torefugees Berlin in the Background skills and culture city (Job centers, real state opportunities market) Decrease the unemployment and Important stakeholder to supply Stimulate High Low Hold moneyresidential resources underemployment rates the job demand constructions, improve residential environments, support building Participate in the Future culture on a large scale, create Control the future developments in Important Managestakeholder housing, building, development of Tempelhof Field, to supply Could be a foundations, financial supporter and improve High Low Medium High the city, including Tempelhof planning, traffic,and environment and planning responsible for thethe future housing the job demand could support supply the job demand pedestrian, bicycle and public Field monument development stock affordable houses for refugees transport system, solve problems concerning green spaces, natural Reeducate the refugees and areas and climatetoprotection, Physical Structure supply the High Low avaiable physical space for Education of Refugees protect cultural heritage demand lectures and trainning Ensure the right to seek asylum Lead and coordinate international and find safe refuge in another action to protect refugees and Safeguard the rights and wellHelp the newcomers on the Background similar Medium High State, with on theexperience option to return Be and example and give resolve refugee problems being of refugees Medium Medium experience integration process and orientate process, similar culture, language home voluntarily, integrate locally to the new refugees worldwide them on bureaucratics issues. andinreligion. or resettle a third country Medium

High Medium

High

Integrate refugees and their Run an accessible online platform, Make social engagement and neighbors, organise events for iniciate social projects, facilitate a neighbourhood work accessible to newcomers to meet actors and diverse range of opportunities for non-German speaking population, aware residents of sociopolitical social engagement and including the refugees topics in Berlin participation across Berlin

High High

Mission statement of refugees the Berlinin Control the number of city, support Europe people in body and soul

Provide assistance to the refugees by donations or Receive refugees back from volunteers which allow them to Europe invest on housing, spiritual welfare, education, resources

Give a home, ask for Europe God, give Receive money from to opportunity, education, finance thepromote refugees arrival share resources, sell goods

19

STAKEHOLDER

CATEGORY

PERCEPTION OF THE PROBLEM

International

The EU are facing daily problem regarding the influx of refugees. The comitee are facing different opinions of the participant countries, some are closing borders or have been reducing quotas. Currently, there are different opininos and too much tension among the countries. Tension over the refugee crisis is testing the cohesion of the European Union and pushing its free-movement Schengen agreement to the point of collapse.THE TURKEY CASE: EU WILL :6) Evacuate completely refugees from the Greek islands and readmit only those, who crossed into the islands after a date to be determined.

7) Cover the cost incurred [in the Readmission process.]

8) Referring to Point 5 of the EU-Turkey Statement of 29 November 2015, instead of October, Adopt and implement a relevant EU Council Regulation to realize the lifting of visa requirements for the Turkish citizens in the Schengen zone, by latest end of June 2016, based on an accelerated roadmap, dedicated support and in conjunction with the Readmission Agreement.

9) Effectively and expeditiously resettle Syrians from Turkey based on the formula referred to in Article 4 to balance on a monthly basis, and cooperate with Turkey in any joint endeavour to establish humanitarian safe areas inside Syria.

10) Prepare for the decision on the opening of new chapters (the accession of Turkey to the EU) 11) Expedite and facilitate the transfer and disbursement of the Refugee Facility for Syrians and decide upon an additional facility of Euro 3 billion until the end of 2018.

12) Review progress jointly with Turkey on monthly basis, including on mutually agreed appropriate locations.

Bundesagentur for Albeit (Vocational and labour market counselling)

IQ counselling (Help with questions European regardingUnion the recognition of foreign vocational qualifications)

IHK Berlin (Vocational recognition in the field of trade and industry)

LernNetz Berlin - Brandenburg e.

V. (Mobile educational counseling: Initial German profiling Goverment and skills assessment,

information about educational services as well as career opportunities and perspectives)

TIO educational counselling

Private sector initiatives

(Educational counselling for women: Advice all about education, training and integration into the labour market. Open, multi-lingual counselling ser- vice with special focus on the particular circumstances of female refugees (girls and women)

Arbeit und Bildung e. V (Personal support on the way into the world of work: Finding training and work, support with gaining school-leaving qualifications, Municipality of Berlin vocational guidance, individual counselling, coaching and qualification measures in commerce)

POWER INFLUENC INTERES TS E Medium

Medium High

Medium

Due to the crisis, the current goverment are facing different protests and there are rasing opposity political ideology parties and movements. Protest are taking place in the streets.

Yet the number of asylum seekers arriving in central Europe has dropped off considerably in recent weeks due to Balkan countries sealing off their borders and the European Union and Turkey agreeing on a deal to return refugees arriving in Greece. However, Germany is the the EU country that most receved and are receving refugees. The influx is high and there are not sufficient (or qualify) support or infrastructure and there are doughts about where all those people will work and live. But, there are other poit of view, that the active economicaly population is getting older and leave the market, and germany need young National High workers to solve the negative population groth and future colapse of the labour force stock. Medium "But well before the end of the year, the mood had begun to sour. As the influx continued, even some of Merkel's own supporters began to voice concerns about when it would end and to question exactly how so many people from other cultures were going to be absorbed. Then over the New Year came widely reported allegations of sexual assault on German women by asylum and illegal men in Cologne and other cities Germany is a country withseeker an important rateimmigrant of unemployment and underemployment. closely followed by claims the authorities had failed to prevent the attacks because Besides that, the countrythat needs policies to counter effects of ageing population.

The of "politicalfor correctness"." refugees are seen as a great opportunity Germans to solve these problems, once 50% Private sector of the refugees are between 18-34 years. For that reason, many private sector initiatives Medium were created in Berlin to support and help to integrate the refugees guiding them through German courses, vocational guidance, training and work, advicing and educational counselling The city has been receving a huge number of refugees even not being the city with the better rates in what reffers to unemployment, job opportunities and consider one of the Local goverment porest cities in the Germany. In addition there are riots between a emerging right wing movement that goes agains the refugees policies and actions mad by Merkel's goverment, arguing

High

High

(Preparation for training or work in the

commercialfield:Agency) Skills UNHCR (United Nationtechnical Refugee assessment, vocational guidance,

International

meetings with companies, finding training and work)

Volunteers iniciatives

20

D&B Dienstleistung und Bildung Give something back to Berlin (Supported trainee positions: gGmbH (platform for people or Supported trainee positions jointly organizations findproviders what they between educational and could companies; measures specifically for do and in which iniciative) unaccompanied refugees who are minors as part of the BAPP)

Berliner-stadtmission - online platform of centers or iniciatives to donate or volunteer in Berlin

NGO

This agency coordinates, at a UN level, the refugees information and rights. It considers the crisis at an eminent problem and work as a mediator between goverments and between refugges and state institutions

Job and training placement, career counselling and providing Physical Structure such as head office in Nuremberg, 10 regional benefits replacing employment directorates, 156 employment income such as unemployment agencies and 600 branch offices benefit and insolvency payments

Recognize professional Tailored support services for qualifications obtained abroad, consultancy experts and people migrants access Setgive up guidelines to helptothe seeking academic recognition, two Seeks to sustainably improve the professional consultancy, optimise model projects are addressing the Have the power to create polices refugees stabilished themselves integration of migrant onthe the consultancy task of developing new forms of and work as mediatoradults among in the EU services, and help ensure with thethe Regulate the EU political system labour market best possible process, and find individual learning, key activities countries political relation between ways of entering include networking migrant countries during the the labour crisis market after the recognition organisations with labour market process players in Berlin

High

High High

Set up guidelines to help the Counseling on education, refugees stabilished themselves identification of jobthem skills,in a Have the power to create polices, in Germany; allocate Helpall refugees and other recognition foreign certificates, control the refugee camps, more equalofsituation according individuals on theirand waydecide to help choosing a capacity; career, alocate the refugges, the german cities' integrationtheir into work and training facilitate preparation for official future. the interation and reduce appointments, advice on refugees training, the bureouacracy for the occupational guidance start a new life in gremany.

Initial profiling and skills assessment, information Regulate the German political about educational systemservices as well as career opportunities and perspectives

High

Medium High

High

Medium

High

Medium Medium

High High

Medium Medium

High High

German lessons, industry-specific skills assessment, qualification and entry into vocational training)

Netzwerk Großbeerenstraße e. V. TeachCom Edutainment gGmbH

IMPLICATION

Advice on the recognition procedure (BQFG) and on bridge training, advice and conducting “qualification analyses” according to § 14 BQFG for chamber of commerce and industry professions

kiezküchen Gmbh (Preparation for

training in hospitality: We serve as an Agency/departm It is responsible for the city planning and building culture, housing and rents, mobility, Senate Department for Urban Development intermediary between refugees and and environment and climate protection and monument conservation. This department have ent companies: contacts, vocational guidance the Environment the power for permit or not the future development of the tempelhof field and has related (governmental) in the hospitality sector, work- related with the referendum that maintain the field as a urban park.

Provide labour market service in Germany

CAPACITY

Assume sovereign functions Promote business in Berlin and where government regulation is are committed to good conditions unavoidable, support the Berlinfor the Berlin-based company based company with a wealth of services

International youth, art and cultural centre Schlesische 27

(Preparation for training work in the trades: Trial sessions in practice workshops, 4week placements to gain insight into trade businesses in Berlin, finding training and work)

POTENTIAL ROLE

Improve the living situations of Runs courses and information immigrant women, to provide centers, such as comprehensive Support equal participation and them with equal access to the social and psychosocial representation of immigrant German education system and job counseling and legal advice, oneSet up guidelines to help women in German society market, and to enable theirthe full on-one advising sessions about refugees stabilished themselves participation in familial and the educational and career in a small scale (city scale political decisions oportunities available Berlin); allocate them first in the camps, and vocational guarantee promotion the quality Train and support programs for Social and Have the power create polices, ofofdisadvantaged those locations; facilitate the Promotes thetoprofessional groups, provide youth, adults and setting ready control all of theyoung refugee camps, interation andsupport reduce and the integration people and the individual companies and link them system with the Regulate Berlin political alocate the refugges, bureouacracy for the refugees adults and decide assistance in connection to the integration into vocational training, their future. start a new lifeininthe Berlin.

Work as labor market foreground work and vocational training mediators between the group of stakeholders that could influence Develop in collaboration with in artists the future the refugees in the of allofgenres innovative Trial sessions in practice city (Jobapproaches centers, realthat state Art laboratory for young people educational focus workshops, 4-week placements to market) who want to change the world on the creative qualities and gain insight into trade businesses creative potential for change from in Berlin, finding training and work Stimulate residential young people. constructions, improve residential environments, support building Provides vocational training in the culture on a large scale, create Control the future developments in trades Manage housing,inbuilding, and industry, the service planning foundations, improve subsidiaries in different Berlin theTraining city, including the refugees Tempelhof sector, planning, for young andtraffic, in theenvironment educational and and Five pedestrian, bicycle public districts, each withand its own Field monument development in Berlin’s hospitality sector health care sector, individual transportindividual system, solve problems focus assessment of potential, profiling concerning green spaces, natural and coaching areas and climate protection, protect cultural heritage Promote technical, industrial and Ensure the right to seek asylum courses, training Lead and coordinate international Provide and promote strategies for commercial Vocational skills and find safe guidance, refuge in another courses, ring placement, action to protect refugees and Safeguard the rights and wellinnovative education and training mentoring, application camp and State, with assessment the option to return resolve refugee problems being of refugees home voluntarily, integrate locally business network worldwide or resettle in a third country

Medium Medium

High High

Make social engagement and Support trainee positions jointlyto neighbourhood work accessible between educational non-German speaking population, providers includingand thecompanies refugees

Medium

High

Mission statement of the Berlin city, support people in body and soul

Most part emerge with the crisis but those institutions work as amenities in the goverment's gaps and help to supply the needs for acistance of the refugees.

Integrate refugees their Educational activitiesand to enable neighbors, organise events for educational processes, support newcomers to meet actorsonand and encourage, guidance the aware residents of sociopolitical promotion of talents and for the topics in Berlin elimination of disadvantages Provide assistance to the refugees by donations or volunteers which allow them to invest on housing, spiritual welfare, education, resources

Run an accessible online platform, iniciate social projects, facilitate a Numerous private technical and diverse range of opportunities for vocational skilledand trainers socialschools, engagement participation across Berlin Give a home, ask for God, give opportunity, promote education, share resources, sell goods

21

SWOT AND PROBLEM TREE THE SWOT The SWOT analyses (a tool that recognizes and analyzes strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats) was used to assist and complement the analysis conducted in the problem tree. The strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats regarding the life of refugees within the context of Berlin as a city and Tempelhof as a refugee camp are highlighted. The objective was to determine the positive aspects of situations and combine them with the negative ones to produce new proposals, recognize the core problem, and move forward with our research.

The highlighted strengths of consist of 1/5 of refugees possessing a graduation diploma, a labor force dominated by young individuals, and a composition of people of different profiles, backgrounds, and skills represent a new potential source of human capital. To accompany the determined strengths, volunteer initiatives, a concentration of start-ups and private sector initiatives to help refugees were determined as opportunities within

S

W 22

building net to a urban park (10 years, referendum) availability of space open mindeness and multicultural city good location of tempelhof in Berlin 1/5 of the refugees have a graduation degree influx of young labor force new culture different profiles of people with different skils (new human capital) willing for a better life idleness in the hangars low living quality in the camp (tempelhof hangars) current job regulation regarding refugees no german speakers no recognition of the diploma (waste of human capital) traumas and psycologic issues

Berlin. Weaknesses that were established include low living conditions on the Tempelhof hangars, disadvantageous job regulation for refugees, and a lack of recognition towards refugee diplomas, combined with the adverse bureaucracy and high unemployment rates, confirms the core problem of “Untapped potential human capital�.

THE PROBLEM TREE Steadily increasing from 1989 to 2015, Berlin has a high unemployment rate in comparison to Germany population as a whole. As a consequence, people began to work informal part-time jobs in order to supplement their income. Contending with the rise of informal work the mini jobs were created in 2003 to legalize informal work in Germany. These jobs were often occupied by people from different areas of. Consequently, the skills possessed by people working in the informal sector are left unexplored, leading to the untapped potential human capital. Due to this rise of informal part-time jobs, untapped potential human capital remains the domi-

tempelhof projekt the berliners’ awarness volunteer iniciatives media concentration of start-ups in berlin private sector iniciatives (which help the refugees in conseling, vocational guidance, transition into training and work)

O

relative low cots of living in Berlin (in comparisson with other german cities and european capitals)

bureaucracy (German) increasing renting prices high unemployment rate (Berlin) right wing party and media

T

nant issue regarding income generation in Germany.

An additional origin of this dominant issue is based on the European refugee crisis and the unequal distribution of the refugees in the European Union and Germany. Berlin has received a high number of refugees constrained to areas with poor living conditions, such as the hangars in Tempelhof. Therefore, refugees are faced with trauma and psychological issues,leading to the reduction of their productivity and, again, an obstacle in the exploration of their potential.

Finally, the laws and the bureaucracy that exists in Germany are inappropriate for a national scale of refugee.

These bureaucracy and laws prevent refugees from working until they become asylum seekers, becoming self-employed, or receiving recognition for their higher education. These factors solidify the untapped potential human capital within the refugee population.

In the final analysis, there are some adverse consequences to the financial and economic situation of berliners and refugees. Firstly, some berliners are still unemployed or underemployed and cannot obtain financial security. Secondly, the creation of new businesses are obstructed by the financial instability and the problem of unemployment and economic development is not solved. Furthermore, the economic and professional dissatisfaction is increased because of financial insecurity and people get frustrated about their prospective of life. Finally,without job and financial opportunities, refugees and asylum seekers may remain in a cycle of low income work and increased segregation from German society.

EFFECTS show economy development more vulnerable to political and economic crisis less resilient city less diversified economy Difficult to have financial security

less production of ideas and knowledge (innnovation)

lack of social cohesion

decline consumption

prejudice

rise in the unemployment more competition for jobs

spatially segregated (concentrated in low income neighborhood)

socially segregated through income mental health problems (depression)

less job generation concentration of asylum population in low income

Berliners still unemployed and underemployed

hinders the creation of new businesses

insatisfaction and frustration about prospective of life difficult to develop personal skills

UNTAPPED POTENCIAL HUMAN CAPITAL Reduction of productive capacity Berlin’s economy still weaker than Germany’s economy as a whole

Unemployment declining since 2005, but still high at 10.7%

Berlin’s unemployment rises from 1989 until 2005

By 2016, almost 1/4 of the German working population works in mini jobs

Cretion of the mini jobs to legalize informal work in Germany in 2003

Prejudice and xenophobia

Insecurity gives rise to anti-immigrant discourses

Population feels insecure because of poor economic conditions

After they get an unemployment permit, they still have difficulty to get their qualifications recognized

Traumas and psycologic issues

To get an employment permit, they need to already have a job offer

From 3 to 6 months in “limbo” until accepted as asylum seekers

In 19 falls and ec affecte East Be

Massive refugee population with limited rights

Already innapropriate infrastructure is overloaded

Concentration of refugees in few German cities

In 1989 the Wall falls and West Berlin’s economy is affected by the bad East Berlin economy

Asylum seekers can’t be self employed because it requires a regular residence permit

Low living quality in the hangars (Tempelhof)

Berlin is one of the cities which received high numbers of refugees

2008’s Financial Crisis

Asylum seekers are obligated to work fo others; they need a “employement permit” to work in the labour market

Laws and bureaucracy innapropriate for a national scale refugee crisis

Germany takes a high number of refugees compared to other European countries Uneven distribution of the refugees in EU European refugees crisis Syria crisis

CAUSES 23

PROJECT DIAGRAM

OBJECTIVES

untapped potencial human capital

24

Berlin as an important city in German economy, known by their windows of opportunities and multicultural population, where the human capital available is leveraged and the gap between immigrants and berliners is balanced and reduced in the German society.

SHORT CYCLE

CORE PROBLEM

LONG CYCLE

VISION

The objective in three years is to provide opportunities for 70% of the refugees between 16 and 25 years in order to agregate knowledge to their existing skills and/or develop new ones, with the purpose of uplift the human resources and start the process of integration through knowledge, reducing idleness and depression in the refugee camp.

The objective after the three first years is to take advantage of the developed human capital to integrate at least 60% the refugees between 16 and 25 years, not only in the labour maket, but also in German society, empower them to explore windows of opportunities in Berlin. As a legacy, it can be expanded to new refugees influx, migrants and berliners.

Take advantage of the recurring use of Tempelhof Park by berliners and the garbage generated by them and the surrouding area, creating a collection center so that refugees can generate income by selling recyclable material and products.

GAM

STRATEGIES

ACTION PLAN Provide workshops and bootcamps in a designated facility, with a twofold goal: Quickly teach skills that are valuable in Berlin’s labor market and provide support for those who are looking to be enterpreneurs in Berlin

Opportunities Conference connecting refugees, asylum seekers, berliners and business owners aiming exchange of knowledge and networking, where the ex-refugees and berliners can help the newcomers to adapt to German culture, bureaucratic processes and with job opportunities and carrier examples.

1 2 3 4 5 6

7

Use microcredit to encourage small-scale enterpreneurship, focusing on women - specially refugees and asylum seekers - attempting to: Increase equality of gender in Berlin’s labor market and affect future generations of immigrants through their mothers.

Create an urban farm to rise the income generation and increase the social cohesion level between Berliners and Refugees.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

GAM

Create a platform as an expansion of the refugee map, where refugees and asylum seekers can exchange information and create networks that may help them to integrate and find job opportunities in German society.

SELECTED STRATEGIES

8

make partnership with job centers and key stakeholders + Administration of the facilities make a database of professional profile + Administration of the facilities offer introductory courses to German bureaucracy and society + Counselling center at the Commissioner of the Senate of Berlin for integration and migration - legal and social counselling offer workshops and bootcamps that prepare refugees and asylum seekers to make living in Berlin’s economy + Bundesagentur for Albeit; LemNetz Berlin Brandenburg e. V. spread information about the trainning project and establish networking between stakeholders + administration and refugee-oriented initiatives assist refugees to look for jobs available in the market + jobs center compilation of all the professionals who start to work in order to analyse the trainning outcomes + job center employees

partnerships with interested banks and credit companies + job center employees inform about the possibility of microcredit: lectures, printed material and presentations in Tempelhof + job center employees and banks/credit explain the process and the requirements + banks and credit companies list the interested people and interview them + job center employees study the profile of interested people and their proposals + job center employees and banks/credit companies provide microcredit: rate of interest of 2% to 4% per year and deadline of payment of 6 to 24 months + banks and credit companies provide consulting: regular meetings to clarify questions and provide help + job center employees and banks/credit companies monitoring: regular meetings to present the propose and show how they are spending the money + banks and credit companies

25

GAM OPPORTUNITIES | KNOWLEDGE | SKILLS CRITERION

WEIGHT

TRAINING

RECYCLING

LEGACY | WINDOWS OF OPPORTUNITIES

CONFERENCE MICROCREDIT URBAN FARM

PLATFORM

Focus 5=

The option is focused directly on the objective

3=

The option will help meet the objective, but indirectly

1=

The option is not focused on the above objective

5

Score:

5 Score:

3 Score:

5 Score:

5 Score:

3 Score:

3

4

Score:

5 Score:

2 Score:

3 Score:

4 Score:

3 Score:

2

5

Score:

3 Score:

4 Score:

4 Score:

4 Score:

3 Score:

4

4

Score:

3 Score:

3 Score:

4 Score:

3 Score:

3 Score:

4

5

Score:

4 Score:

4 Score:

4 Score:

4 Score:

3 Score:

3

5

Score:

4 Score:

3 Score:

3 Score:

3 Score:

4 Score:

3

5

Score:

4 Score:

3 Score:

4 Score:

5 Score:

5 Score:

5

ΣW.S=

132 ΣW.S=

105 ΣW.S=

128 ΣW.S=

133 ΣW.S=

114 ΣW.S=

114

Adequacy 5=

The option is adequate to achieve the objective

3=

It is marginal in achieving the objective

1=

It will not meet the objective

Feasibility of Implementation 5=

The option is very feasible to implement

3=

The option is questionable in terms of feasibility

1=

The option is unlikely to be feasible

Resource Availability 5=

Can be implemented with existing resources

3=

Requires getting resources together which would be difficult

1=

Not possible to get the resources together

Commitment 5=

Will get the commitment of senior decisions makers

3=

Will be difficult to get commitment

1=

Will certainly not get commitment

Integration with other groups 5=

The option will have positive benefits on meeting other priority objectives

3=

The option has no impact on meeting other planned objectives

1=

The option will have negative impact on meeting other planned objectives

Berliners involvement

26

5=

The majority of residents will get involved in the activity

3=

Only a small group will get involved

1=

The residents will not get involved

STRATEGIES THE STRATEGIES

ACTIONS

SHORT AND LONG CYCLE PROFESSIONAL

FILL THE GAPS IN THE LABOUR MARKET

SUPPLY THE CURRENT DEMAND OF THE MARKET

VARIABLE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE ECONIMIC SITUATION OF BERLIN

THROUGH MICROCREDIT IN ORDER TO SUPPORT DIFFERENT TRAININGS

EXPLORE WINDOWS OF OPPORTUNITY

CREATION OF JOBS AND JOB PROVIDERS

DEVELOPING EXISTING SKILLS

THROUGH MICROCREDIT IN ORDER TO SUPPORT THE NEW IDEAS AND OPPORTUNITIES

TRAINING

ENTREPRENEURSHIP

TRAINING SHORT CYCLE STRATEGY

MICROCREDIT LONG CYCLE STRATEGY

MICROCREDIT BIG BANKS

MICROCREDIT

only lent to the rich work in urban areas customers come to them focus on their profit not on their customers ask as guarantees material or financial goods

only lent to the poor work in urban and rural areas bank comes to the customers focus on their customers ask as guarantee the customers’ word

$

$

$$$

MICROCREDIT MICROCREDIT

PROPOSAL DEVELOPED COUNTRY

DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

FOCUS IN SMALL BUSINESS AND SERVICES

AIMS TO BREAK POVERTY CYCLES

X

USE THE MICROCREDIT TO OFFSET THE DISAVANTED POPULATION - REFUGEES AND BERLINERS INTEGRATE THEM IN THE ECONOMY

2-4% MICROCREDIT IN COMPLEX ECONOMIES HAS MORE CHANCES TO SUCCEED

MICROCREDIT BERLIN

DYNAMIC DIVERSITY OF OPPORTUNITIES THAT’S BERLIN’S ECONOMY (COMPLEX)

After discussing all objectives and strategies, a timeline was developed to organize ideas and establish a plan to put into practice. The short cycle strategy requires a partnership between job centers and key stakeholders that will adopt responsibility for the counselling, vocational education, and transition into training and work. The administration of the facilities will maintain the partnership and create a database of professional profiles for refugees.

Simultaneously, introductory courses to understand German bureaucracy and society will be taught by private sector initiatives, such as migration and social counselling centres. Right after this introduction, private sectors, such as Bundesagentur für Arbeit and LernNetz Berlin - Brandenburg e. V., will guide workshops and bootcamps to prepare and introduce refugees and asylum seekers to Berlin’s economy. In addition to assisting refugees in finding available jobs, which will last until the rest of the program, the job centers will spread information regarding the training project and establish networking between stakeholders.

The microcredit strategy, which will be implemented before the first 3 years, will also begin with partnerships with interested banks and credits companies undertaken by job center employees. Together they will inform refugees about microcredit opportunities through lectures, printed material and presentations taking place Tempelhof. In addition, banks and credit companies will explain the processes and requirements needed to obtain a microcredit loan, such as basic level knowledge of the German language, proposal towards financial use and the completion of an interview process. The job center employees will then organise a list of interested people in receiving the microcredit and interview the refugees , study their profiles and review their proposals. Following this process, , the microcredit f will be implemented to successful candidates, with a rate of 2 to 4% per year and deadline payment of 6 to 24 months. Simultaneously, job centers, banks and credit companies will provide consulting that consists of regular meetings, to clarify questions, and monitoring to evaluate financial use, and ensure the adherence to microcredit proposals.

27

make partnership with JOB CENTERS and KEY STAK

main stakeholder: administration

ACTION PLAN

make a database of profe

GANTT CHART

Obs.: The both cycles start in day offer introductory courses to German bureaucra GANTT CHART one. main stakeholder: counselling centre at the Commissioner o

1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th month month month month month month month month month month month month

TRAINING

GANTT CHART

main stakeholder: administration

make partnership with JOB CENTERS and KEY STAKEHOLDERS* * 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th main stakeholder: administration of the facilities month month month month month month month month month month month month make a database of professional profile make partnership with JOB KEY STAKEHOLDERS* main CENTERS stakeholder:and administration of the facilities * * main stakeholder: administration of the facilities

*

Berlin for integration migration - legal and social counselling main stakeholder: Bundesagentur forand Albeit; LemNetz Berlin - Brandenburg e. V.

main stakeholder: job cente

spread information about the training project and establi inform about the possibility of microcredit: lectures, printe between and presentations in main stakeholder: administration and refugee-ori

GANTT CHART main stakeholder: job center employees and banks/credi

*

introductory courses tothat German bureaucracy offeroffer workshops and bootcamps prepare refugees and and society asylum main stakeholder: counselling centre at the Commissioner of the Senate of seekers to make a living in Berlin’s economy

offer workshops and bootcamps that prepare refuge seekers to make a living in Be partnershipBundesagentur with interested BANKS and CREDIT main stakeholder: for Albeit; LemNetz Berlin - CO Br

*

*

*

assist refugees to look for jobs available and the req 1st explain 2nd the process 3rd main 4thstakehol 5 stakeholder: and credi monthmain month monthbanks month mo

MICROCREDIT

TRAINING TRAINING

offer introductory courses to aGerman bureaucracy and society make database of professional profile

main stakeholder: counselling centre at the Commissioner of * main stakeholder: administrationofofthe theSenate facilities Berlin for integration and migration - legal and social counselling

Berlin for integration and migration - legal and so

compilation of all the professionals who start to work in or list the interested people and inte partnership with interested BANKS and CREDIT COMPANIES the train

offer workshopsabout and bootcamps prepare asylum spread information the trainingthat project and refugees establish and networking seekers to make a living in Berlin’s economy between stakeholders

*

*

main stakeholder: Bundesagentur for Albeit; LemNetz Berlin - Brandenburg e. V. main stakeholder: administration and refugee-oriented initiatives

main stakeholder: administration and refugee-oriented initiatives

MICROCREDIT

GANTT CHART main stakeholder: job center employees

mainmain stakeholder: job job cente stakeholder: ce

inform about the possibility of microcredit: lectures, printed material * KEY STAKEHOLDERS: study the profile of interested people and thei • Counseling and presentations inmain Tempelhof stakeholder: job center employees and banks/credi main stakeholder: job center employees and banks/credit companies • Vocational • Transition into Training and Work provide microcredit: rate of interest of 2% to 4% pe explain the process and the requirements1 deadline of payment of 6 to main stakeholder: banks and credit companies

spread information about the training project and establish networking assist refugees to look for jobs available in the market between stakeholders main stakeholder: jobs center

compilation of all the professionals to work in order to analyse assist refugees towho lookstart for jobs available in the market the training outcomes main stakeholder: jobs center

main* stakeholder: job center employees

main stakeholder: banks and credi

list the interested people and interview them regular meetings to clarify questions a provide consulting: main stakeholder: job center employees

of all the professionals who start to work in order to analyse 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th *compilation KEY STAKEHOLDERS: main stakeholder: job center employees and banks/credi the training outcomes month month month month month month month month month month month month • Counseling study the profile of interested people and their proposals main stakeholder: job center employees • Vocational monitoring: regular meetings to present the propose and main stakeholder: job center employees and banks/credit companies partnership with interested BANKS and CREDIT COMPANIES •* KEY Transition into Training and Work they are spending STAKEHOLDERS: main stakeholder: job center employees

• Counseling • inform Vocational about the possibility of microcredit: lectures, printed material • Transition into Training and Work and presentations in Tempelhof main stakeholder: job center employees and banks/credit companies

MICROCREDIT

explain the process and the requirements1 main stakeholder: banks and credit companies

list the interested people and interview them main stakeholder: job center employees

main stakeholder: banks and credit companies

study the profile of interested people and their proposals main stakeholder: job center employees and banks/credit companies

provide microcredit: rate of interest of 2% to 4% per year and deadline of payment of 6 to 24 months main stakeholder: banks and credit companies

provide consulting: regular meetings to clarify questions and provide help

main stakeholder: banks and credi provide microcredit: rate of interest of 2% to 4% per year and deadline of payment1 of 6 to 24 months REQUIREMENTS: P.S.: main stakeholder: banks and credit companies • basic level of German language • the mi • have a purpose to the use of the money first 3 provide consulting: regular meetings to clarify questions and provide • answer an interview • there i help main stakeholder: job center employees and banks/credit companies • attend to the consulting meetings? in Tem • gradual loan: beneficent can borrow monitoring: regular meetings to present the propose and show how bigger amount if they have payed the they are spending the money smaller amounts

1 1

1REQUIREMENTS:

• • • * • •

basic level of German language have a purpose to the use of the money answer an interview attend to the consulting meetings? gradual loan: beneficent can borrow bigger amount if they have payed the smaller amounts

P.S.: • the microcredit can start before the first 3 years • there is no need of an specific facility in Tempelhof

main stakeholder: job center employees and banks/credit companies

monitoring: regular meetings to present the propose and show how they are spending the money

28

main stakeholder: banks and credit companies 1REQUIREMENTS:

• basic level of German language

P.S.: • the microcredit can start before the

1

PARTNERSHIPS

PARTNERSHIPS

4th month

5th month

6th month

7th month

8th month

MAKE A DATABASE OF PROFESSIONAL PROFILES

ADMINISTRATION OF THE JOB FACILITY

IMPLEMENTATION 1th month 2th month 3th month 4th month

INTRODUTORY COURSES TO GERMAN BUREAUCRACY AND SOCIETY

1th month

2th month

3th month

5th month

6th month

5th month

6th month

MONITORING

JOB CENTERS

1th month

2th month

3th month

7th month

8th month

OFFER WORKSHOPS AND BOOTCAMPS THAT PREPARE REFUGEES AND ASYLUM SEEKERS

4th month

7th month

5th month

6th month

7th month

9th month 10th month 11th month 12th month

SPREAD INFORMATION ABOUT THE TRAINING PROJECT ESTABLISH NETWORKS BETWEEN STAKEHOLDERS 8th month

ASSIST ASYLUM SEEKERS IN JOB SEARCHING

4th month

9th month 10th month 11th month 12th month

8th month

9th month 10th month 11th month 12th month

COMPILE INFORMATION ABOUT FORMER STUDENTS AND EVALUATE THE PROGRAM’S EFFECTIVENESS 9th month 10th month 11th month 12th month

INFORMATION LECTURES

9th month 10th month 11th month 12th month

REQUIREMENTS GERMAN LANGUAGE (educational group) PROPOSAL TO USE THE MONEY

PRINTED MATERIAL

ANSWER AN INTERVIEW ATTEND TO MEETINGS WITH CONSULTANTS GRADUAL LOAN: beneficent can borrow bigger amount if they have payed the smaller amount

PRESENTATION

1th month 2th month 3th month 4th month 5th month 6th month 7th month 8th month

9th month 10th month 11th month 12th month

IMPLEMENTATION JOB CENTERS

LIST THE INTERESTED PEOPLE AND INTERVIEW THEM

STUDY THE PROPOSALS AND PROFILES

MONITORING

PROVIDE THE MICROCREDIT

WITH LOW RATE OF INTEREST PER YEAR

CREDIT COMPANIES

1th month 2th month 3th month 4th month 5th month 6th month 7th month 8th month 9th month 10th month 11th month 12th month

JOB CENTERS

PROVIDE CONSULTING

MONITORING IN HOW THEY ARE SPENDING THE MONEY

CREDIT COMPANIES

1th month 2th month 3th month 4th month 5th month 6th month 7th month 8th month 9th month 10th month 11th month 12th month

PARTNERSHIPS

3th month

CREDIT COMPANIES 1th month 2th month 3th month 4th month 5th month 6th month 7th month 8th month

INFORMATION

2th month

JOB CENTERS

IMPLEMENTATION

DATA COLLECTION 1th month

BANKS

MONITORING

JOB CENTERS

LONG CYCLE ACTIONS - FIRST YEAR DETAILED

TRANSITION INTO TRAINING TO WORK

ADMINISTRATION OF THE JOB FACILITY

IMPLEMENTATION DATA COLLECTION

VOCATIONAL

KEY STAKEHOLDERS

MONITORING

SHORT CYCLE ACTIONS - FIRST YEAR DETAILED

Counselling centre at the Commissioner of the Senate of Berlin for integration and migration Legal and social counselling

PARTNERSHIPS

COUNSELING

29

FACILITIES - PROPOSAL FACILITIES Medical treatment Medical treatment Workshop areas Job-center

Workshop areas

Trainning classes | administration (microcredit)

+

+ Job-center

SOLAR PANELS

Medical treatment Trainning classes | administration

ITIES

Workshop areas

STRUCTURE FOR THE ROOF

Job-center

REUSE OF CONTAINERS AS THE FACILITIES: JOB CENTER, WORKSHOP AND TRAINING

SCAFFOLDING ENVELOPMENT OF THE FACILITIES’ SET

30

PALLEST TO BE THE ENVELOPMENT AND/OR ORNAMENT

31

REFERENCES Berliner Morgenpost, 2016. Wo sie sich Berlin noch leisten koonnen. Available at: <http://interaktiv.morgenpost.de/mietkarte-berlin/#2-1650>. Accessed in may 2016.

Bevölkerungsstand in Berlin und im Land Brandenburg am 31, 2014. Available at: <https://www.statistik-berlin-brandenburg.de/publikationen/otab/2015/OT_A0114-00_124_201412_BBB.pdf>. Accessed in may 2016.

Bol, N. van der, 2010. INCOME-GENERATING PROGRAMMES :APPEAL training materials for continuing education personnel (ATLP- CE). [pdf] UNESCO. Principal Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific. Available at: <https://bb-app02.ict.eur.nl/bbcswebdav/ pid-48683-dt-content-rid-31366_1/courses/IHS-UMDSU-BB/IHS%20guide%20to%20the%20IHS%20Harvard%20Standard%20Style%20of%20Referencing%20 15_1_2013%281%29.pdf> Accessed in may 2016.

Bundesagenttur fur Arbeit, 2016. Regionaldirektion Berlin-Brandenburg. Available at: <https://www.arbeitsagentur.de/web/wcm/idc/groups/public/documents/ webdatei/mdaw/mtyy/~edisp/l6019022dstbai824265. pdf?_ba.sid=L6019022DSTBAI824283>. Accessed in may 2016.

Press and Information Office of the Federal State of Berlin, 2014. Berlin – A success story Facts, Figures, Statistics. Available at: <https://www.berlin.de/rbmskzl/_assets/aktuelles/2014/oktober/140911_berlin_erfolgsgeschichte_2014_engl.pdf>. Accessed in may 2016.

Byrne, B. P., and Evers, J., Vocativ. 2015. Available at: <http://www.vocativ.com/245190/the-profle-of-a-refugee-bound-for-europe/>. Accessed in may 2016.

Haugh, Helen and de la Chaux, Marie. 2015. Entrepreneurship and Innovation: How Institutional Voids shape Economic Opportunities in Refugee Camps.

32

Available at: <http://insight.jbs.cam.ac.uk/assets/Marlen-de-la-Chaux-Entrepreneurship-and-Innovation1. pdf>. Accessed in may 2016.

Dettmer, M., Spiegel Online International. 2015. Available at: <http://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/refugees-are-an-opportunity-for-the-german-economy-a-1050102.html>. Accessed in may 2016.

EurActiv with Reuters. 2016. Available at: <http:// www.euractiv.com/section/social-europe-jobs/news/ immigration-helps-push-german-employment-to-record-high/>. Accessed in may 2016.

EURES, The European Job Mobility Portal. 2016. Available at:<https://ec.europa.eu/eures/main.jsp?countryId=DE&acro=lmi&showRegion=true&lang=en&mode=text&regionId=DE0&nuts2Code=%20 &nuts3Code=null&catId=375>. Accessed in may 2016.

Euronews. 2015. Available at: <http://www.euronews. com/2015/09/15/refugees-may-be-germany-s-nexteconomic-miracle-says-daimler-boss/>. Accessed in may 2016.

Eurostat Estatistic Explained. 2015a. Available at:<http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/ index.php/File:Part-time_employment_population_ aged_20%E2%80%9364_years,_by_groups_of_country_of_citizenship_and_sex,_2015.png>. Accessed in may 2016.

Eurostat Estatistic Explained. 2015b. Available at:<http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/ index.php/Job_vacancy_statistics>. Accessed in may 2016.

Eurostat Estatistic Explained. 2015c. Available <http:// ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index. php/File:T7_Self-employment_of_the_population_ (aged_20%E2%80%9364)_by_broad_groups_of_cit-

izenship,_by_country,_2014.png>. Accessed in may 2016.

Eurostat Estatistic Explained. 2015d. Available <http:// ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/ File:Distribution_by_age_of_(non-EU)_first_time_asylum_applicants_in_the_EU_and_EFTA_Member_ States,_2015_(%C2%B9)_(%25)_YB16.png>. Accessed in may 2016.

Eurostat Estatistic Explained. 2014. Available <http:// ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/images/c/ c2/Share_of_non-nationals_in_the_resident_population%2C_1_January_2014_%28%25%29_YB15.png>.

Accessed in may 2016.

Global Trends Report. UNHCR. 2014. Available at: <http://www.unhcr.org.uk/about-us/key-facts-and-figures.html>. Accessed in may 2016.

Landeshauptstadt Munchen, 2015. Munich Annual Economic Report. Available at: <http://www.wirtschaftmuenchen.de/publikationen/pdfs/aer15_summary. pdf>. Accessed in may 2016. 1407836 população (2013) (GDP em milhões de euros 83.461 (2012) GDP per capta em euros 82,728 (2012) Microcredit, Wikipedia The Free Encyclopedia.March 2016. Available at: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microcredit>. Accessed in may 2016>.

Numbeo, 2016. Cost of Living Comparison Berween Berlin and Amsterdam. Available at: <http://www.numbeo.com/cost-of-living/compare_cities.jsp?country1=Germany&city1=Berlin&country2=Netherlands&city2=Amsterdam>. Accessed in may 2016.

Senate administration for work, integration and women. October 2015. Available at: <http://www.adlershof.de/fileadmin/user_up-

load/2015_angebote_fuer_gefluechtete_in_berlin_ en.pdf>. Accessed in may 2016.

Schmeller, J., 2016. Deutsche Welle. September 2013. Available at: <http://www.dw.com/en/immigrants-struggle-in-german-job-market/a-17083761>.

Accessed in may 2016.

Statistische Amter, 2016. National accounts - Gross domestic products. Available at: <http://www.statistik-portal.de/Statistik-Portal/en/en_jb27_jahrtab65. asp>. Accessed in may 2016. (131,3 billion de dolares em 2014) GDP per capita: dps/populaรงao = 37.840 dolares em 2014 - pelo mesmo dado de cima

TEDx Talks, 2013. Rethinking Microfinance: Ethan Wagner at TEDxColumbiaCollege . [video online] Available at: <https://www.youtube. com/watch?v=XND_TFizzI0>. Accessed in may 2016.

Trading Economics, 2016. Germany GDP. Available at: <http://www.tradingeconomics.com/germany/gdp>.

Accessed in may 2016.

Trading Economics, 2016. Germany Unemployment Rate. Available at: <http://www.tradingeconomics. com/germany/unemployment-rate>. Accessed in may 2016.

Worldometers, 2016. Countries in the world by population (2016). Available at: <http://www.worldometers. info/world-population/population-by-country/>. Accessed in may 2016. (80,682,351 em 2016) UNESCO, 1993. Principal Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific. APPEAL training materials for continuing education personnel (ATLP - CE). Vol. V - Income-generating programmes. Bangkok.

33

EDUCATION AND EMPOWERMENT FELIPE DAMASCENO . FERNANDO ANDRADE . GIOVANNA INÊZ . JULIANO BOLDRIN . LARISSA RAGAINI . MARIA LUIZA CARNIELLI . MARINA PIVA . NATÁLIA DE MELLO

DEFINITION

DIAGNOSIS

Empowerment can be defined as â&#x20AC;&#x153;The process of enabling people to increase control over their lives, to gain control over the factors and decisions that shape their lives, to increase their resources and qualities and to build capacities to gain access, partners, networks, a voice, in order to gain control.â&#x20AC;? (UN, 2012).

PRIMARY DATA A total of 13 Interviews and 15 surveys were conducted in Lipschitzplatz, Kottbusser Tor, Annemirl-Bauer-Platz in Berlin. There was a wide range of interviewees, ranging from 16 to 75 years old and from no education degree to master and PhD.

Education is a fundamental tool for empowerment, once it makes the individuals stronger and more selfassured, enabling them to control their lives and claim their rights. It is an effective vehicle for social change and emancipation; especially for minorities, it is an opportunity to develop awareness of their own social situation, and it also contributes to increase their confidence and self-esteem.

awareness

social change

EDUCATION EMPOWERMENT control

capacity building 36

Within the Education and Empowerment area, some relevant information obtained is listed in the following table. The most important data obtained is highlighted.

SECONDARY DATA It became clear that a main issue in the thematic area of Education & Empowerment was the difficulty of successfully integrating into the German education system due to a variety of reasons. In order to dive further in depth of the causes of this issue, firstly we adressed the German educational system and the background of the refugees. It is important here to remark that the German educational system is intrincate and flexible, as the diagram shows.

Besides that, a mapping of the educational related facilities around the area of study was done, as was a stakeholder analysis of the actors who are relevant to this project.

After this extensive phase of collecting information, the team was able to get a clearer picture of the core problem of the thematic area, which is displayed in the problem tree.

MAPPING

38

STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS CURRENT SITUATION

DESIRED SITUATION

STAKEHOLDER CHART

39

STAKEHOLDER CHART

40

PROBLEM TREE

41

PROJECT DIAGRAM

42

43

GAM - SHORT TERM

GAM - LONG TERM

44

ACTION PLAN

45

PROPROSAL OVERVIEW

46

PROPROSAL OVERVIEW - SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT

47

PROPROSAL OVERVIEW - SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT

48

PROPROSAL OVERVIEW - SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT

49

PROPROSAL OVERVIEW - TEMPORARY STRUCTURES EXAMPLES

50

PROPROSAL OVERVIEW - TEMPORARY STRUCTURES EXAMPLES

51

3

SPORTS, RECREATION AND LEISURE BEATRIZ TOMA . DÃ&#x2030;BORA PORTUGHEIS . HELOISA MACENA . PEDRO COSTA . PEDRO SORRENTINO . RENATA STEINBERG . THIAGO FURTADO . VINICIUS SOUSA

DEFINITION

The thematic area Sports & Recreation is rarely given importance in an emergency situation such as the current refugee crisis going on in the European Union.

However, due to its potential to increase people’s well being, mental and physical health as well as build up social integration; Sports & Recreation should get more attention when developing initiatives to tackle the current issues in the city of Berlin.

Moreover, sports take an important part in the German society. The country offers several opportunities for outdoor and indoor practices through the existence of approximately 91,000 sports clubs and availability of numerous sport facilities – nearly 23,500 gymnasiums and 11,800 sports fields. One German in three is a member of a sport club.

“Sport can assist in building links and trust within refugees communities, and between refugees and the broader community (...). It is the entry point for the wider participation of refugees in community life.”

(McNamara, 2001).

DIAGNOSIS PRIMARY DATA In summary, the primary data consists in the field data collection, which eighteen interviews were made in differents locations of Berlin, in order to acquire more conistents data. The content acquired showed that berliners are satisfied about the sports facilities, the green areas and recreation/leisure of the city, besides the fact that berliners, by our data collected, are sportivy citizens.

Berlin’s, the German capital’s, statistics do not fall behind.

In 2013 around 600,000 Berliners were registered in more than 2,300 amateur sports clubs that exist in the city. (Der Landessportbund Berlin - Mitglieder) Regarding the refugees’ countries of origin, despite their different cultural background respecting religion, language, political views, traditions and habits, in relation to Sports & Recreation, they have their common points. Soccer, for instance, is the most popular and practiced sport in Berlin, Germany and in the Middle East. Besides, Music festivals used to take place in Iraq and are really common in Berlin. Films have also been produced in Syria since the 1920s, as well as cinema has its importance in the city of Berlin, which holds annually an International Film Festival.

Therefore, the main goal of the group consisted of harnessing the most of the universal language, sociable, interactive and transformer capacity of sports and recreational activities in order to improve mental and physical health of refugees living in Tempelhof refugee camp, as well as their opportunities to integrate with German society in the city of Berlin.

54

SECONDARY DATA After our first week in Berlin, collecting the primary data, we started to focus in the refugee crises by searching more about who are the refugees and its cultural backgorund, factors which are extremily important in matter that the project it is going to be directed to the refugees.

In the table below shows the data collected about the refugees and other aspects which it is important to mention is the mutual aspects between theses cultures with the german culture, a few of this aspects is the football as the most played sport and how music and arts is a important backgorund in the refugees culture specially in the syrian culture.Others aspects can also be mentioned, as one of them is the position of woman because of their religion and their communities.

part of German’s life and culture, being an essential component for the society. For example in Berlin 12% of the land use is for recreational, besides the percentage of 18.4% of forest land.

Contextualizing Tempelhof is a former Nazi airport that after being used for many different purposes, was decided to be kept intact as an open field addressed for public use in a referendum that took place in Berlin. Nowadays, it is, thus, a place where outdoor recreational activities and different sport practices take place. Moreover, it is a great potential meeting point for all ages and classes, with barbecue areas as well as many other open spaces.

“This can be a particularly significant barrier for women, whose opportunities to participate in sport can be limited by both the nature sporting environments themselves and restrictions from within their own communities” (Keogh 2002, p. 8; Taylor & Toohey 1998, p. 8). For instance, the need to wear uniforms or other sports attire may be a barrier to participation for women whose religious or cultural traditions mandate certain dress codes (Cortis & Muir 2007, p. v; CEH 2006, p. 13; Keogh 2002, p. 8).

Moreover, we started to realize how the sport could be a tool of integration, since several barriers as language, culture, religion are seen between the refugees and berliners. Since that, sport as commom language..

Recently, though, in response to the refugee crisis, the hangars of Tempelhof building have been occupied as an emergency refugee camp. Along with these transformations, sports facilities throughout the city have been confiscated in order to be converted in more refugee shelters. However, with the worsening of the refugee crisis, the tremendously high influx of refugees in the city of Berlin led to the necessity of more space to house them. Considering the amount of unoccupied spaces in the Tempelhof building, the government have decided to expand the refugee center in the former Nazi airport, transforming it in one of the biggest refugees camp in the country.

Consequently, tensions are being built up between berliners, the government and the refugees. In the case of the confiscated sport facilities, many sport clubs are being affected, as they are losing members and their programs for refugees’ integration through sports are being prevented from taking place. Regarding Tempelhof, many Berliners are against the expansion of the refugee camp, as the construction of new shelters and facilities goes against the decision of not building in the Tempelhof area for the the next 10 years.

From this search based on a SWOT and Stakeholder analysis, the group could develop two different strategies: a short-term one for the first 3 years – time that Tempelhof is used as an expanded refugee camp –, and a long-term one for the following years – after the refugees have left Tempelhof.

Sport is an important part of German society and the country offers several opportunities for outdoor and indoor sports. Germans practice a lot of activities such as Football, Running, Golf, Table tennis, Martial arts and Cycling. Football is the most popular sport and the german team is very good on it. The country has a lot of sports clubs and several people are engaged on it; in 2006 about 27.5 million people were members of the more than 91,000 sport clubs in Germany. These clubs charge a membership fees, which depend on the type of the practiced activity .In this way, Berlin, the german capital, is a major sporting centre in Germany and Europe. In 2013 around 600.000 Berliners were registered in more than 2.300 amateur sports clubs. (Der Landessportbund Berlin - Mitglieder) - around 17%.

Comprehending the importance of sports and activities in Germany, we can conclude it compose an important

55

MAPPING

STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS

Below, it is possible to realize that Berlin is a city with a large number of green aereas, which provides a background of citizens who are used to have access and use, in case of the primary study that interviews showed berliners as proactive sport players. And the map of cultural activities, just a few points whixh are concentrate in a specific aprt of the city, thus it is importan to the group to work in project that also put a cultural activity in this area of Berlin, where seems to lack of this resource.

In a project with such importance and range, it is fundamental to understand and analyze all the affected by the project and their participation in the process. Sometimes completely different one from each other, these stakeholders may and usually do present divergent and even conflicting points of view and objectives. In this scenario, it extremely important for the success of the project to know minutely how powerful and interested these actors are. Also, how compromised they are with the project, what do they have to offer to it and to gain with it, and how will they affect and be affected. Such analysis and a scheme of how would be the ideal situation follow.

One important part of this work it is to map the around area where it is going to be work, in this case Tempelhof.

This group made several maps, but just two were put in this handbook, they considered the most important ones, green areas and cultural activities. Since, the theme is sports, recreation and leisure, mapping green areas which are related to parks and leisure, and cultural activities with recreation.

GREEN SPACES

CULTURAL ACTIVITIES

56

CURRENT SITUATION

DESIRED SITUATION

HIGH INTEREST | LOW POWER SUBJECTS Syrians Eritreans Iraqans

Atheletes

PLAYERS HIGH INTEREST | HIGH POWER Municipality

Real State

EU

Berliners

UNHCR Media

German government

HIGH INTEREST | LOW POWER SUBJECTS Syrians Eritreans Iraqans

Atheletes UNHCR Real State

PLAYERS HIGH INTEREST | HIGH POWER Municipality Real State

Syrians Eritreans Iraqans Media

EU

Atheletes Berliners German government

Media

LOW INTEREST | LOW POWER CROWD

CONTEXT SETTERS LOW INTEREST | HIGH POWER

LOW INTEREST | LOW POWER CROWD

CONTEXT SETTERS LOW INTEREST | HIGH POWER

57

SWOT

As explained in the introduction, the SWOT analysis consists in identify the strengths, weakness, opportunities and the threats of one subject studied. Thereby, we analyzed Tempelhof by this system and acquired some points which are highlighted as it is possible to notice aside. In the field of strengths, it is important to highlighted the potential meeting point for Berliners of all ages and classes, which is an important fact to be consider since the infrastructure and localization of Tempelhof itself, another point is the designed to accommodate a large audience for parades and big events, since the theme of this chapter is sports, recreation and leisure.

At last, the variety of spaces and feeling of freedom, because once Tempelhof was an airport, a huge field of plane lane, promoting a feeling of freedom and the possibility of diverse use of it. Against its weakness, the main fact was the refugee crisis, because the camp inside the building does not have the proper infrastructure and prevent events to happen there, which were the income for the building maintenance, which it is another around 12 million euros per year.

Besides this situation, Tempelhof has itself opportunities as the existence of many activities in its field, beyond the fact that 50% of refugees are under 18 years old, what provides a large range of possible activities. Another point which was highlighted is the freedom expression in Germany comparing to the country where the refugees come from. At last, the threats which consists in outside facts as the growing of the right party, conservative, against the refugee flux, and the raise of hosing price in Berlin in the last years, and ,dealing with our theme, how sports are not see as priority in emergency situations.

PROBLEM TREE In order to propose facilities that will improve the living conditions of refugees in Tempelhof, it’s crucial a detailed analysis of the overall situation. That includes the identification of the stakeholders involved, of the existing problems, of their origins, and of what they are leading to. An academic tool used to accomplish that, is a problem tree, which consists basically on cause effect study.

A Berlin’s landmark, Tempelholf has significant historical and emotional value for the Berliners, and has functioned, after a referendum decision, as a park with free entrance. Since 2015, it has also showed its importance in a different way. Following the European refugee crisis, it has been used as temporary shelter, becoming Germany’s biggest refugee camp.

Dealing with such a serious theme as the refugee crisis, sports, recreation and leisure are usually put aside, being considered not so important in such emergency scenario. Cultural and sports events that used to take place in the airport area, for instance, are less frequent or no longer happen. Also, to allocate the unexpected high influx of refugees, several sports clubs in Berlin were confiscated and are now occupied by asylum seekers. With that, an unsatisfaction with the unavailability of sports and recreational facilities by part of the Berliners has emerged.

Initially, a simple problem, this unsatisfaction may bring to light, more complex issues. A possible Berliners’ unawareness about refugees’ situation combined with the highlight of cultural differences may, doubtless, strength the feeling of invasion or “threat”. With that, come both the undermined trust between Berliners and government and a difficulty to integrate asylum seekers in German society. These links most clearly observed with the following problem tree.

58

Sports and recreation are not seen as priority in the current emergency situation, unfulfilling its potential to increase peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s wellbeing. Thus, refugeesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; mental and physical health as well as their opportunity to integrate in the german society are hindered.

59

PROJECT DIAGRAM

Sports andrecreation recreation are Sports and are not seen as priority in the not seen as priority in the current emergency situation, current emergency situation, unfulfilling its potential unfulfilling its potentialtoto increase people’swellbeing. wellbeing. Thus, increase people’s Thus, refugees’ mental and physical health refugees’ mental and physical health as well theiropportunity opportunity to to as well as as their integrateininthe the german integrate german societyare arehindered. hindered. society

60

VISION Tempelhof as a symbol of connection amongst Berliners, migrants and refugees. A place that represents openness and receptivity of Berlin, whereby sports and cultural events interests meet, putting aside differences, increasing trust and linking them naturally, encouraging a wider integration in the community.

The objective in three years is to engage 60% of refugees and asylum seekers under 18 years old in sportive and cultural events with Berliners at Tempelhof.

Sports and recreation are ety are hindered.

LONG CYCLE

CORE PROBLEM

SHORT CYCLE

OBJECTIVES

The objective after the three first years is recover all previous and stimulate new sportive and cultural activities in Tempelhof, promoting a multicultural agenda.

GAM

STRATEGIES

SELECTED STRATEGIES ACTION PLAN

create experimental activities and classes (music, dance, arts, sports)

create a “sport of the month” vwith weekly “come and try” sessions to integrate berliners and refugees participants registered

stimulate membership costs reduction for refugees at sport center facilities

keep the temporary infrastructure to support the new activities

GAM

establish partnerships between sportive and educational institutions to integrate immigrants with berliners

organize an agenda for recreational, leisure, sports and capacity building programmes at Tempelhof (such as “virada cultural e esportiva”)

1

Get in contact with sports clubs nearby Tempelhof in order to recruit volunteers Sports clubs, berliners, municpaility

2

Set up an organization of Tempelhof’s sport center Sports clubs, berliners, municiplaity

3

Start subscription for monthly volunteers (using an eletronic and a physical plataform) Organization, berliners

4

Organize a monthly agenda (every first week, after the beginning of volunteers subscription) Organization, refugees

5

Apply actibities, which used to take place on occupied sport clubs, for refugees in Tempelhof Organization, sport clubs, refugees

6

Execute the first sports day (will happen from 3 to 3 months) Organization, sports club, refugees

7

Organize a charity game (with support of a national team or famous players) Organization, refugees, berliners, privatesector, (german natiomal team), german football society

8

Charity game day (with support of a national team or famous players) Organization, refugees, berliners, privatesector, (german natiomal team), german football society

1

Structure the "cultural and sportive weekend" that will happen twice a year (every 6 months) with multicultural thematic, to integrate migrants and Berliners Municiplaity, sports clubs, ongs, organization

2

Meeting with partners/stakeholders/sponsors Municiplaity, sports clubs, ongs, organization, private sector

3 4

Create event's visual identity Organization

5

Subscription for proposals Organization, sport clubs, people interested, ongs

6

Identify which activities will take place at Tempelhof in this event Organization, sports club

7

Map: detailing actvities that will happen at Tempelhof Organization, sport clubs

8

Release the selected actvities Organization

9

Release event date and schedule Organization

10

"Call notice" to those with activities proposals Organization

Cultural and sportive weekend Organization, city

61

GAM

1 - Do not accord with the statement / 2 - Accord not completely / 3 - Accord completely with the statement 62

In order to achieve such aspiration, the first suggestion is to contact sport clubs near Tempelhof in pursuance of creating an organization to build up a Tempelhof sport club. As many sport clubs have their facilities confiscated, their activities are frozen and their volunteers could be available to serve as human resources by working with sports for refugees in Tempelhof – in the new sports facilities that are planned to be built in the refugee camp.

After the consolidation of Tempelhof sport club organization, the idea is to open, in the beginning of every month, physical and online subscriptions for volunteers that are free to bring in new ideas of activities to offer.

After all subscriptions have been submitted, a monthly internal agenda of activities should be organized by the sport club organization in order to keep the sport facilities in constant use and offering different activities for the refugees. The organization is in charge of managing the activities in order to guarantee that they are adequate to their target groups, respecting age, gender, cultural and religious differences. Moreover, they are responsible for ensuring that there is a good range of activities that can include all refugees in the agenda.

“For instance, the need to wear uniforms or other sports attire may be a barrier to participation for women whose religious or cultural traditions mandate certain dress codes.” (Cortis & Muir 2007, p. v; CEH 2006, p. 13; Keogh 2002, p. 8).

“This can be a particularly significant barrier for women, whose opportunities to participate in sport can be limited by both the nature sporting environments themselves and restrictions from within their own communi-

1

sports day

2

YEARS

Regarding the short-term strategy, the group aims at engaging refugees and asylum seekers under 18 years old in sportive and cultural events with Berliners at Tempelhof.

monthly agenda + activities

3 charity game

tempelhof sports club ties” (Keogh 2002, p. 8; Taylor & Toohey 1998, p. 8).

(Keogh 2002, p. 8; Taylor & Toohey 1998, p. 8) After gaining experience with organizing an internal agenda of sport and recreational activities for Tempelhof, the organization should, then, focus on organizing an external agenda, with activities that are planned to happen beyond the refugee camp, aiming at integrating refugees and berliners through sport. For such agenda, it is suggested the execution of a Sports day from 3 to 3 months. In this event, refugees, migrants and berliners are all invited to participate in a day dedicated to a different sport. It would take place in the Tempelhofer feld, open to the community.

TEMPELHOF SPORTS CLUB

SHORT TERM

TEM ELHO S O RTS LU

THE STRATEGIES

tempelhof

MONTHLY VOLUNTEERS 63

SHORT TERM Get in contact with sports clubs nearby Tempelhof in order to recruit volunteers 1 Sports clubs, berliners, municpaility up an organization of Tempelhof’s sport center 2 Set Sports clubs, berliners, municiplaity Start subscription for monthly volunteers (using an eletronic and a physical plataform) 3 Organization, berliners

4

Organize a monthly agenda (every first week, after the beginning of volunteers subscription) Organization, refugees

Apply actibities, which used to take place on occupied sport clubs, for refugees in Tempelhof 5 Organization, sport clubs, refugees the first sports day (will happen from 3 to 3 months) 6 Execute Organization, sports club, refugees

7

Organize a charity game (with support of a national team or famous players)

Organization, refugees, berliners, privatesector, (german natiomal team), german football society

)

game day (with support of a national team or famous players 8 Charity Organization, refugees, berliners, privatesector, (german natiomal team), german football society

LONG TERM For long term, our strategy is, first of all, to assure that the Tempelhof building is unoccupied.

After that, we intend to restructure the Organization in charge of the sport facilities, because the internal and the external agendas will be no longer necessaries, and the objective of the Organization will be to promote recreational, leisure, sports and capacity building events at Tempelhof.

The restructured Organization will deal with two possible scenarios: 1 - If the sport facilities are maintained in the Apron, the Organisation will have the task to manage those facilities (creating a schedule for sport clubs and other institutions to use them), to inform about Tempelhof’s activities by means of social medias and to organize an sportive and cultural annual event, which we will call Sportive and Cultural Weekend.

2 - If the facilities are removed, the Organisation will only have the task to inform about Tempelhof’s activities by means of social medias and to organize this Sportive and Cultural Weekend.

Regarding the Sportive and Cultural Weekend, the most important thing is to use this annual event to promote Tempelhof as an important patrimony of the berliners, attracting as many people as possible 64

to the event and showing them the large amount of possibilities of activities that the park can host.

Also, the event is a possibility to celebrate, remember and enhance the recent history of the openness of Berlin to welcome and inteopenness and receptivity of Berlin,

whereby sports and cultural events interests meet, putting aside differences, increasing trust and linking them naturally, encouraging wider integration in the community.”

LONG TERM 1 2

Structure the "cultural and sportive weekend" that will happen twice a year (every 6 months) with multicultural thematic, to integrate migrants and Berliners Municiplaity, sports clubs, ongs, organization Meeting with partners/stakeholders/sponsors Municiplaity, sports clubs, ongs, organization, private sector

3 4

Create event's visual identity Organization

5

Subscription for proposals Organization, sport clubs, people interested, ongs

6

Identify which activities will take place at Tempelhof in this event Organization, sports club

7

Map: detailing actvities that will happen at Tempelhof Organization, sport clubs

8

Release the selected actvities Organization

9

Release event date and schedule Organization

10

"Call notice" to those with activities proposals Organization

Cultural and sportive weekend Organization, city

65

REFERENCES https://www.google.nl/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=imgres&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjZlNTtnorNAhUHBMAKHZY7B0cQjRwIBw&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.getyourguide. com%2Ftempelhof-airport-l3106%2F&psig=AFQjCNHXwFDozTw30REjfSYhT4lFGMJTUg&ust=1464987768016045 http://polli-magazin.de/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/ Die_Tempelhofer_Freiheit_-_Ort_fuer_Sport__Freizeit_ und_Kultur.jpg http://www.movingto-berlin.com/top-10-sport-activities-in-berlin/ http://www.topendsports.com/world/countries/germany.htm http://polli-magazin.de/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/ Die_Tempelhofer_Freiheit_-_Ort_fuer_Sport__Freizeit_ und_Kultur.jpg (Keogh 2002, p. 8; Taylor & Toohey 1998, p. 8) (Cortis & Muir 2007, p. v; CEH 2006, p. 13; Keogh 2002, p. 8) (http://sputniknews.com/europe/20150918/1027211795/germany-refugees-schools.html) (http://www.dw.com/en/berlins-tug-of-war-over-spaceto-house-refugees/a-18889567) (http://www.dw.com/en/berlin-to-extend-tempelhof-airport-refugee-camp/a-19010260) (http://www.movingto-berlin.com/top-10-sport-activities-in-berlin/) (http://www.topendsports.com/world/countries/germany.htm) (http://www.sportsgoogly.com/top-10-popular-sportsunited-arab-emirates/) (http://www.everyculture.com/Sa-Th/Syria.html) 66

(http://www.everyculture.com/Ge-It/Iraq.html) (https://www.goethe.de/en/kul/mol/20575864.html) http://www.sportanddev.org/en/learnmore/sport_education_and_child_youth_development2/healthy_development_of_children_and_young_people_through_ sport/ “Sport can assist in building links and trust within refugees communities, and between refugees and the broader community (..) It is the entry point for the wider participation of refugees in community life” (McNamara, 2001) https://www.uts.edu.au/sites/default/ files/com-student-work-morgan.pdf

67

SECURITY AND SAFETY AGATHA KNOX . CARLO SCOTONI . CRISTINA ARAÚJO . GABRIELA PEDROSO HUGO GUEDES . NATÁLIA BAÊTA . MONYSE TAKAKI . PEDRO MARÇAL

DEFINITION

DIAGNOSIS

Weaknesses of Berlin

PRIMARY DATA According to the Oxford dictionary, SAFETY can be defined as the condition of being protected from or unlikely to cause danger, risk, or injury. Whereas SECURITY includes the state of being safe, but also considers stability, and freedom from fear or anxiety.

In that sense, it is important to analyze, beyond cases of violence or other crimes, the causes of fear, stress and depression amongst people related to Tempelhof, which affects indirectly, but strongly, the safety of people inside and outside the shelters, their potential of being well integrated and having future prospects.

Human security, in its broadest sense, embraces far more than the absence of violent conflict. It encompasses human rights, good governance, access to education and health care and ensuring that each individual has opportunities and choices to fulfill his or her potential. Every step in this direction is also a step towards reducing poverty, achieving economic growth and preventing conflict.

Even though there is a language barrier, added to the cultural one, this work provides a fresh perspective to local problems. In order to acquire basic information about people´s needs, which are hardly acquired from newspapers, some interviews were made and analyzed, revealing some important data: • There is a significant insatisfaction about the rent prices and consequently, commuting distance of people that are forced to live away from the city center.

• People miss housing developments and job opportunities.

• There is not a high concern about safety in Berlin, nor in Tempelhof.

• Some people presented concern about the refugee’s integration and right wing parties’ increasing popularity, which goes in line with Berlin’s openness to diversity claim • Others are worried about overcrowding, competition for houses and jobs, ghetto creation and crime rates. These concerns may represent barriers to the integration of the newcomers.

Impacts of refugee’s influx

Kofi Annan. “Secretary-general salutes international workshop on human security in Mongolia.” Two day session in Ulaanbaatar, May 8-10, 2000 Do you feel safe in Berlin?

70

What would you like to see developed or improved in Berlin?

SECONDARY DATA This part of the research comprehends issues from different levels: Berlin and Tempelhof. From external factors such as economy to local rates of violence, crimes, the number of police station and other objective factors of safety and security, which, in combination with the subjective data from the interviews and other news found throughout the internet, enables a perspective of the main problem to be dealt with through Tempelhof project. Since the shelters could not be accessed for primary data collection, the internet was the main source of information.

Regarding economic factors, Berlin is not prosperous in comparison with other German states since its average income is below the national level. The main reason is high unemployment, which has risen a lot since German reunification.

Politically, the delays in the Brandenburg Airport construction contributed to reduce the former mayor’s popularity over the years and create a sense of distrust in the government. (The Guardian, 2014) In addition, Merkel’s popularity has been up and down, leading to polarized public opinions and a general political instability and conflicts, especialy after the Cologne attacks. (The Telegraph, 2016) These social and political clashes create a sense of instability, affecting the security feeling for both refugees and berliners.

Regarding the level of safety, Berlin is the 3rd city in the rate of criminality in Germany, just behind Cologne (2nd) and Frankfurt am main (1st). (The Local, 2013). The number of robberies, however is declining according to a document made by the Governing Mayor of Berlin in 2014. Even though the Neukolln are, near Tempelhof, still presents problems with drugs, the levels of robberies and violence have reduced due to investments in the area.

There is no evidence of increase in the crime rate since the arrival of refugees. Even so, there is a strong presence of headlines reffering to singular cases as “migrant” violence or crime wave, reinforcing the negative image of all refugees. The city has a historical background of intense conflicts, and the present moment shows different interests struggling.

On the bright side, there are several initiatives and organizations of and for refugees in Berlin, which represent important stakeholders and a positive feedback to change: • Give Something Back to Berlin • Berlin Refugee Movement • Berlin Center for Torture Victims and Center for Refugee and Migration Services • Federal Office for Migration and Refugees • Start with a Friend • IWSpace - International Women’s Space Berlin

Police Stations Tempelhof

71

STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS TEMPELHOF AREA In a closer scale of observation, the Tempelhof building has a both positive and negative historical image. Even though it was used during the Second World War as a weapon industry, considered for some as a “gloomy, cold and inhospitable” site, the airport was also used to offer food supplies during the cold war. The airlift times remain in people’s minds as a symbol of hope in time of need. Still, for people that are fleeing from war, to be reminded of war by the architecture of the building must be unpleasant.

Inside Tempelhof hangars there were some related cases of sexual abuse from refugees and from the police, generally attributed to the little organization in shelters.

There is a general lack of adequate infrastructure such as separated bathrooms, no privacy, overcrowding and cultural conflicts from incompatible groups allocated together that lead to that scenario.

In April 1st 2016, nevertheless, the German’s Ministry offered 200€ Million to be used by the Municipalities with no loan interests to fight sex abuse inside refugee camps. This money, plus the government plans for Tempelhof Apron (dealing with infrastructure), show that this safety issue is already being taken care of.

72

One drawback for the project is that berliners have fought to keep the field free from private initiative and are afraid that the government might disrespect the referendum’s results, which stated that nothing should be permanently built in the field, so that it continues to be an open park to everyone.

It is a greatly treasured space in the middle of the city, used even in the middle of the week. So, the fact that the government allowed constructions as an emergency action explained by the refugee crisis was not enough, some people still fear that it was an excuse to slowly take over the field, as commented during interviews.

The objective of this analysis was to find the main actors that might enable the project and specific objectives of the security and safety perspective, the possible participants and the ones that may be against it or influence it in any way.

Besides the national and international institutions dealing with the refugee issue, it is interesting to mention the work of the local government of Berlin as an organizer and financer. Also, the NGOs, CBOs and other independent organizations that may provide the necessary human capital. These initiatives deal with broad issues such as housing, education, jobs and integration, all that have a strong influence on the sense of security of the individual. The media is also mentioned as an important context setter since security, as a subjective factor, is largely affected by the mass information.

CURRENT SITUATION

DESIRED SITUATION The desired situation on that case is that the media increases in interest about the project, so that its influence is positive. Also, to bring the NGOs and existing organizations as players, along with the close neighborhoods to contribute to the activities and enable an easier integration.

73

SWOT By highlighting the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (the first two related to Tempelhof, the later concerning Berlin and other external factors), it was possible to confirm the specific problems and discover alternative solutions to complex problems by combining strengths and opportunities.

PROBLEM TREE Recently, the huge influx of immigrants due to the Middle East war and other conflicts, also fueled because of the negative birth rate in Germany, has created barriers inside the cities. For instance the difficulty to understand the immigration process because of language and the poor livability and insufficient infrastructure of the dormitories. All of this leads to an environment of stress and intolerance that hinders the newcomersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; adjustment to a new reality.

In addition, the financial crises in Berlin has resulted in a high unemployment rate, shortage in housing and contributes to the delay of government projects which leads to a general instability in different sectors of Berlinâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s society. This context also creates the feeling of insecurity in Berliners regarding their future and the newcomers.

Finally, the cultural shock between Berliners and refugees have been creating conflicts and increasing sexism cases. The crimes attributed to immigrants and the right wing media manipulation generates prejudices and insecurity.

The consequences are: the refugees difficulty to be integrated in the German society, low perspective to get a job from both sides with economic and social impacts, xenophobia and the division of the society in political lines, for example the increasing popularity of AFD party in 10% from 2014 to 2016.

As mentioned before, Tempelhof has a lot of infrastructure and organizational problems that result in conflicts and violence inside the shelters. However, considering that there are government investments and projects already dealing with subjects such as sex abuse and better shelter infrastructure (such as the apron project from the German government that includes kitchen, lockers, separated bathrooms, etc), other important issues, subjective, but urgent, come to the main problem line.

Therefore, the focus of the following work is not directly safety, but the insecurity about the future, from berliners and refugees.

74

EFFECTS

CAUSES 75

PROJECT DIAGRAM

OBJECTIVES

CORE PROBLEM

SHORT TERM

To encourage integration and inclusion of the refugees from Tempelhof in the German society through a safe environment of trust between Berliners and refugees, and amongst the refugee group, where at least 60% of the refugees have an established local social network and acquired knowledge about the city, culture and the whole immigration process.

LONG TERM

To ensure the status of Tempelhof as a safe place and welcoming environment to all groups and cultures, in spite of the current changes, to the point where at least 70% of the users of the space recognize it as such.

INSECURITY ABOUT THE FUTURE from berliners and refugees

76

VISION

Tempelhof as an open environment of acceptance for everyone, where people can interact and share their culture without prejudice in a safe atmosphere.

SELECTED STRATEGIES

STRATEGIES Common platform of communication, physical and virtual (website) with refugees that are able to speak Arabic and English/German and Berliners.

Space for events, lounge and cultural initiatives aiming to promote integration, awareness, interaction among refugees and Berliners, as well as open talks to tackle current issues.

Improvements in basic organization of shelters: better dorms, water supply, closeby and separated toilets, laundry facilities, kitchen, more lighting; as well as changes in the refugee regulation (for instance, female officers available for anonymous female reports of abuse).

Expansion of newspaper/website to share information about culture, immigration, agenda of events and city projects with the goal to encourage integration, inform both sides and empower people.

1

Gather funds for furnishing from Apron Project

2

research with refugees to define activities and find people responsible for organization

5

Workshop for decoration and design of the new space

4

Gather lectureres and participants to conduct activities in Tempelhof

7

launch of agenda of activities and schedule for lounge

10

incentives for key organizations and events to promote awareness of current issues and inclusion of refugees

1

gather funds for the project

2

gather stakeholders

6

construction approval

8

start of center´s activities

9

improve the existing agenda, according to the thematic areas divided

GAM

New agenda of events that open a space for debate/discussion of topics related to the current crisis, multicultural integration and support for new ideas.

Creation of a “social services center” with the participation of volunteers, specially newcomers, and several existing organizations to offer psychological assistance, exhibitions, talks and cultural incentives.

ACTION PLAN

77

STRATEGIES

Bearing in mind the objective of increasing trust (reducing violence) and building social networks inside the shelters at first, by promoting tolerance, comfort and interaction, the strategy chosen is an informal place where people can integrate and spend some time, since Space for events, lounge and cultural inithere is no lounge space available anywhere else in the tiatives aiming to promote integration, Tempelhof building.

The meeting place occupies the workshop space in the awareness, interaction among refugees Apron Project, and is meant to be design and decoratand Berliners, as well as open talks to tacked by the refugees, so that the environment succeeds le current issues. in bringing comfort and tranquility through a familiar atmosphere. Besides that, the area can be used for workshops and lectures about the city, local culture and general guidance of the immigration process. In that way, whenever the place is not occupied with activities, Location in Apron Project it serves as a lounge.

The berliners are welcome to share and learn about different cultures in workshops and lectures, enriching the • Lounge process and enabling faster integration in society.

• Meeting place It is as simple as that, offering the opportunity of self • Group therapy expression, to meet and understand new people has a • Workshops, films exhibitions (open to berliners) great effect in tolerance, awareness, and general feel• Lectures targeting current issues: legislation and ing of security and consequently, it has an impact on rights, women empowerment (self organized support safety. groups for women), combating sexism, etc. Open to Activities for women are expected, in order to approach berliners. safety issues as sexual abuse in an effective way, em• Cultural events for refugees with language exchange, powering women and instructing men, considering that dancing, theatre, traditions, etc. the infrastructure issues are already taken care of.

Existing organizations such as International Woman Space are important stakeholders to lead workshops and lectures. Also, a partnership with key organizations such as UFA Fabrik, which is nearby the field, is proposed for the promotion of cultural events, increasing awareness and inclusion.

As a possibility, a flexible or modular structure would be a good way to provide several separated spaces for activities, while creating an informal atmosphere, harnessing open areas and enabling the easy spreading across the Tempelhof Apron, to supply all people as equally as possible. After a trial period in one single space, analysis may be carried out to propose the multiplication in Start with a friend: International Woman Space: UFA Fabrik: smaller modules. project to integrate berliners and refugees empowerment of women initiative cultural activities for children - circus

SHORT TERM

78

ACTIONS

ACTION PLAN

KEY STAKEHOLDERS

1 • apron project

SHORT TERM

Leader: Apron Project

5 • • • • •

7 apron project ngo’s berliners volunteers refugees

• • • • •

10 apron project ngo’s berliners volunteers refugees

• • • • • •

BAMF local government corporations universities museums and galleries ngo’s

79

STRATEGIES

ACTIONS

LONG TERM Creation of a “social services center” with the participation of volunteers, specially newcomers, and several existing organizations to offer psychological assistance, exhibitions, talks and cultural incentives.

Assistance: • housing • family planning • handicapped • war traumas • unemployment

Logo proposal

International Women Space: open talks

UFA Fabrik: multicultural events

Services: • exhibitions • open talks • workshops • conferences • incentive to multicultural integration

After 3 years, given that the refugees are integrated and the shelters are no longer useful, the former facilities built can be adapted to serve all berliners, preserving the social aspect.

Using the same location and infrastructure as the strategy before, the social center would be managed by the government to centralize and coordinate the several existing organizations and initiatives around Berlin and amplify their reach, providing physical facilities and investments. Besides, the public institutions for social assistance would also join the center. The proximity between different associations and government enables an integration between them that could strengthen their work. In that way, the space infrastructure and human capital already exist and the main action is to organize reunions to gather stakeholders and decide the management of the center. Crowdfunding is a useful tool to enable the initial events, since there is no expected budget, and later the government funds for social services and some charged events would keep the engines working.

The actions have direct impacts on security and indirect impacts on safety. It fosters network building between associations and between people, while the social assistance reduces marginalization and inequality. Consequently, integration is facilitated and people’s prospects of life increase in quality, reducing violence and security in general. Besides, this strategy can be spread across the city (to where the organizations already work and in order to reach people), but Tempelhof would be structured as a center of management and support, for people and initiatives. Reminding of the airlift time, people would once again look at that field with hope.

Of acceptance and aid. This would ensure the welcoming aspect of the former airport.

Again, a flexible or modular structure is ideal to provide several separated spaces for offices and activities, while creating an informal space and enabling the easy spreading across the city, while keeping the base in Tempelhof.

80

ACTION PLAN

KEY STAKEHOLDERS

1 • government funds • crowdfunding • apron project

LONG TERM

Leader: local government

5 • • • • •

7

local government LAGeSo organizations ngo’s volunteers

• • • • •

local government LAGeSo organizations ngo’s volunteers

81

REFERENCES Apron prokect. Available at: http://www.thf-berlin.de/flughafengebaeude/projektbeteiligte/tempelhof-projekt-gmbh/ Berlin Business Location Center, 2016. Job-seekers in Berlin. Unemployment Figures. Available at: http://www.businesslocationcenter.de/en/business-location/labor-market/workforce-potential/unemployed Berliner Morgenpost. Criminality in Berlin. Available at: http://m.morgenpost.de/berlin/article129650925/Kriminalitaet-in-Berlin-So-gefaehrlich-ist-Ihr-Kiez.html European Commission, EURES, The European Job Mobility Portal: Labour market information. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/eures/main.jsp?countryId=DE&acro=lmi&showRegion=true&lang=en&mode=text&regionId=DE0&nuts2Code=%20 &nuts3Code=null&catId=375 Federal Office for Migration and Refugees (BAMF).

Integrated refugee management. Available at: http://www.bamf.de/DE/Startseite/startseite-node. html Give something Back to Berlin. Available at: http://givesomethingbacktoberlin.com/about Ikwspace, international womenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s space Berlin.Available at: https://iwspace.wordpress.com/2016/02/21/hi/ Press and Information Office of the Federal State of Berlin, 2014. Berlin- A success story. Facts. Figures.

Statistics. Available at: https://www.berlin.de/rbmskzl/_assets/aktuelles/2014/ oktober/140911_berlin_erfolgsgeschichte_2014_engl. pdf Police Crime Statistics (PKS). Annual reports & situa82

tion assessments. Available at: http://www.bka.de/nn_195196/EN/Publications/ AnnualReportsAndSituationAssessments/annualReportsAndSituationAssessments__node.html?__nnn=true State Office of Health and Welfare (LAGeSo). Available at: https://www.berlin.de/lageso/ UFA fabrik. International Cultural Centre. Available at: http://www.ufafabrik.de/en

APPENDIX GAM

83

STAKEHOLDER CHART

84

STAKEHOLDER CHART

85

STAKEHOLDER CHART

86

87

HEALTH AND FOOD PRODUCTION ANDRÃ&#x2030; VAILLANT . EVELYN TOMOYOSE . GABRIELA PIRES . LUCIANO LINHARES MIRELLA DONATELLO . PAULA OLIVEIRA . STEVEN BEURGARTEN . VICTORIA MENEZES

1

INTRODUCTION We can say that health ”is the state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.” (World Health Organization) and that the food system “refers to the processes that describe how food from a farm ends up on our table. The process include production, processing, distribution, consumption and disposal” (chgeharvard.org).

The main idea of the health and food production group is to make the connection between these too related terms and what it can be improved in the refugee’s situation nowadays in the Tempelhof. It is know that the refugees arrive with numerous mental diseases and that during their stay in the refugee’s camp, they tend to lack contact with the Berliners and their food habits and routine tend to be dependent from the camp organization, increasing some problems like, prejudice, psychological traumas and little social and physical activities.

As a way to minimize these problems, the group came up with some objectives and strategies to achieve a harmonic and well integrated society among all residents of Berlin, which shall be seen as a result from bottom up initiatives held in Tempelhof as a social, mental and physical healthy atmosphere

DEFINITION

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FOOD AND HEALTH Relationship between Food and Health: The physical activity of planting, eating healthy food and having an adequate disposal are the aspects that affects physical health. In addition, social health is influenced through the interactions between people while planting and eating. Moreover, mental health is affected by food production and consumption factors that consists of planting activity and eating certain kind of food that stimulates mental health. Therefore, the quality of the activities involved in food production, consumption and disposal can directly affect physical, social and mental health.

90

MAPPING

urban gardens

community gardens

organic food markets

hospitals 91

STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS The stakeholder analysis aims in evaluate institutions, parties, governments, NGOs and target groups that influence and could influence in the projectâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s development.

92

STAKEHOLDER CHART

93

SWOT

94

PROBLEM TREE

95

STRATEGIES

96

GAM

97

URBAN GARDEM

benefits

Aiming to improve the mental health mainly of the refugees due to war traumas, but also of the Berliners, the expansion of the existing urban garden project is proposed. As an activity that results in more contact with nature, healthy use of time and increase knowledge, gardening is an activity that can positively contribute in treatments of stress, depression and other mental issues.

In the first three years, the idea is to have an integrated space where Berliners and refugees can work, without a division physically segregating the groups. Part of the garden should be used to the refugees therapy and production, which goes to cafeteria (although it may not support the demand, it is a symbolic action of work appreciation). The other part is to the community of the surrounding area as a continuity to the existing initiative.

After three years, when the refugees will not be sheltered in Tempelhof anymore, part of the urban garden must be used by the school (proposed by education group), in lessons and production, which goes to cafeteria. The other part would continue to serve the community in the surroundings as a continuity to the existing initiative.

The urban garden can start in the predicted location and afterwards, if it works, the idea is to increase it size and occupy other spaces.

98

steakholders

location

URBAN GARDEM

99

COMPLEMENTARY KITCHENS

benefits

To increase the feeling of Independence in food habits, the group came up with the proposal of the complementary kitchens, which are flexible, temporary and more compact structures that can be easily assembled. With this concept and the addition of sustainability, feasibility and innovation aspects for the complementary kitchens, the idea is to develop a project through a competition of architecture, design and engineer students.

To enable the proper functioning of these structures and provide good quality spaces where refugees can cook their own meal, these facilities should work only in periods between the main meals (served by the big kitchen), in contrary it would not support the demand because complete meals are much more laborious. Therefore, the idea is to have those kitchens to prepare food for the coffee breaks, such as snacks, tea, coffee etc.

After three years the complementary kitchens can be transferred to other emergency and temporary shelters.

100

steakholders

location

COMPLEMENTARY KITCHENS

101

KITCHEN AND CAFETERIA

benefits

The mainly idea of the kitchen and the cafeteria is to have meals that represents better the different typical cuisines.

Thus, the kitchen would work through refugees involvement in cooking and providing homecountry meals.

After three years, the cafeteria would be used as a school (proposed by education group) facility and would be refurbished into a more colorful and fun environment for kids.

102

steakholders

location

KITCHEN AND CAFETERIA

103

STRATEGIES

104

GAM

105

SCHOOL AND RESTAURANT

benefits

As an opportunity to increase the integration between immigrants and Berliners, the school-restaurant is a school that offers technical courses related to gastronomy and have a restaurant where students work. The idea is to have courses and lectures with immigrants about typical dishes. Moreover, the intention is to offer incentives for the immigrants to participate, such as scholarships, in order to increase the opportunities of integration between cultures.

The school-restaurant is also a strategy that contributes to income generation as it can employ ex-refugees that used to work in the shelterâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s kitchen as teachers for the schoolrestaurant, after a training period. Moreover, there would be theoretical classes, practical classes and a period of internship, when students would work in the restaurant (opened to the public) or in the school (proposed by education group) cafeteria.

106

steakholders

location

KITCHEN AND CAFETERIA

107

DEFINITION CONCLUSION CONCLUSIONS So in order to minimize the damages causeded by war and traumas from the past we intend to promote a healthy relation with others,(berliners and refugees) a healthy relation with nature, and a healhy relation with themselves, which will be achieved tackling the food production and consumption part throught the big kitchen and the complementary kitchen where they will have a space for independence and to do their own homecountry cousine or whatever feelsbetter for them without any condition or restrainments and also with their own production of vegetables and fruits which not only will serve for te big kitchen, but also as a therapy to occupy their time, reduce stress, rejoin with nature and increase social ties. We strongly believe that such strategies in the first 3 year will mostly aim in depression reduction due to social activities and benefits for mental health, within the post 3 years the relation will be already set among ex refugees which are now considered just migrants and the berliners themselves, with a row of activities and a technic school in tempelhof the integration will be held not only in the urban garden but also in the classrooms where both will be treated as equals.

108

109

INTEGRATION income

education

sports

food

safety

AGATHA KNOX | HELOISA MACENA | LARISSA RAGAINI LUCIANO LINHARES | MAIARA CAMILOTTI

VISION income

education

sports

food

safety

The integration group the main task was to highlight some similarities and strengths between the groups, and show an overview of all presentations. The group realised that the objectives of each group were convergent, for instance the strategies were not, they were addressing for each thematic area core problem.

As resulte, the integration group decided to formulate a own vision regarding the other teamsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;:

"Tempelhof as a nurturing ground for social change, highlighting opportunities in connection amongst people, where openness, diversity and receptivity go hand in hand to enhance trust and inclusion. A sound environment to support social, mental and physical health, ensure better future prospects, breaking grounds to overcome inequalities."

EMPOWERMENT F I N A N C I A L

S E C U R I T Y

C A P A C I T Y

B U I L D I N G

112

INTEGRATION

MIGRANTS + BERLINERS

W E L L B E I N G NAVIGATING IN GERMAN SOCIETY

P H Y S I C A L H E A LT H COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT

INTERACTION And from that we chose some expressions that appeared frequently in our group discussions and work, that we considered as main issues. Using these expressions we aim to synthesize the main ideas of each group in order to establish some similarities between them.

FUTURE PROSPECTS

SELF ESTEEM

M E N TA L H E A LT H MIGRANTS + BERLINERS S O C I A L H E A L T H

PLAN

ACTUAL PLAN

Moreover, we proposed to reallocate the facilities, we reorganize them according to the program each one will have. In this sense, the job center, workshop space and training all together and closer to the metro station, since it will be an area that will serve not only for refugees, but also other residents.

The Medical treatment room and social service center will stay together since they both are related to health and well being aspects, and they are closer to sports facilities.

1. School 2. Sport hall/ physical education space 3. Football field/ market area/ multifuncional space 4. Sport grounds and grounds for locker rooms 5. Medical treatment room/ workshop space/ job center 6.Big kitchen 7. Storage

The footbal field and the sports ground were together in the previous project and they hosted an open market sometimes, so we decided to keep them in the same position with the same use, because its an open space and very flexible, having the possibility of multiple uses, such as the market.

Closer to them there is the big kitchen, between the learning facilities and the sports facilities, because it will be used as a cafeteria for all users, mainly the children that are 3 years or older.

Then, there is the language center, the learning center (after 3 years), and the urban garden. After we see the long term proposes it will be more clear.

PROPOSED PLAN | SHORT TERM

8 7 6 5

4 2

a

1 b

3

c

9

8

9

10

7 6

10

1a.Workshop space 1b. Job-center 1c. Trainning + microcredit 2. Medical treatment room 3. Social service center 4. Sport Hall | physical education space 5. Football field 6.Sport ground 7. Storage 8. Big kitchen 9. Learning center 10. Urban garden

5

4

metro station

2

a

1 b

3

c

Related to the access, we proposed three main entrances, one next to the metro station to the income group facilities; another in the middle, directly to the sports facilities, that will receive more activities aiming to integrate all people and host the open market; and the last one is linking the learning facilities with the urban garden.

113

PROPOSED PLAN SHORT TERM

INCOME OBJECTIVE PROVIDE OPPORTUNITIES

STRATEGY TRAINNING

EDUCATION

OBJECTIVE

SPEAKING GERMAN LANGUAGE

INCOME AND RESORCES GENERATION

LANGUAGE CENTER

SECURITY AND SAFETY

HEALTH

SPORTS AND RECREATION

OBJECTIVE

EDUCATION AND EMPOWERMENT HEALTH AND FOOD

114

STRATEGY

DECREASE DEPRESSION

STRATEGY

BIG KITCHEN + URBAN GARDEN

SPORTS

OBJECTIVE

ENGAGE PEOPLE IN SPORTIVE AND CULTURAL EVENTS

STRATEGY

EXPERIMENTAL CLASS | ACTIVITIES

SECURITY

OBJECTIVE LOCAL SOCIAL NETWORK

STRATEGY MEETING SPACE

PROPOSED PLAN SHORT TERM EMPOWERMENT F I N A N C I A L

C A P A C I T Y

S E C U R I T Y

B U I L D I N G

FUTURE PROSPECTS

INTEGRATION

MIGRANTS + BERLINERS

W E L L B E I N G NAVIGATING IN GERMAN SOCIETY

P H Y S I C A L

H E A LT H

COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT

INTERACTION

M I G R A NT S + B E R LI N E R S

SELF ESTEEM

M E N TA L H E A LT H S O C I A L H E A LT H INCOME | RESOURCES

EMPOWERMENT F I N A N C I A L

C A P A C I T Y

S E C U R I T Y

B U I L D I N G

FUTURE PROSPECTS

INTEGRATION

MIGRANTS + BERLINERS

W E L L B E I N G NAVIGATING IN GERMAN SOCIETY

P H Y S I C A L

H E A LT H

COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT

SELF ESTEEM

INTERACTION M E N TA L H E A LT H MIGRANT S + B E R LI NE R S S O C I A L H E A L T H EDUCATION | EMPOWERMENT

EMPOWERMENT F I N A N C I A L

C A P A C I T Y

S E C U R I T Y

B U I L D I N G

FUTURE PROSPECTS

INTEGRATION

MIGRANTS + BERLINERS

W E L L B E I N G NAVIGATING IN GERMAN SOCIETY

P H Y S I C A L

H E A LT H

COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT

INTERACTION

SELF ESTEEM

M E N TA L H E A LT H MI GRANTS + BERLINERS S O C I A L H E A L T H

We notice that the groups have different strategies that most of the time donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t overlap, instead, they complement each other targeting to a common goal.

EMPOWERMENT F I N A N C I A L

C A P A C I T Y

S E C U R I T Y

B U I L D I N G

FUTURE PROSPECTS

INTEGRATION

MIGRANTS + BERLINERS

W E L L B E I N G NAVIGATING IN GERMAN SOCIETY

P H Y S I C A L

H E A LT H

COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT

INTERACTION

SELF ESTEEM

M E N TA L H E A LT H MI GRA N T S + B E R L I N E RS S O C I A L H E A L T H SPORTS AND RECREATION

EMPOWERMENT F I N A N C I A L

C A P A C I T Y

S E C U R I T Y

B U I L D I N G

EMPOWERMENT F I N A N C I A L

C A P A C I T Y

S E C U R I T Y

B U I L D I N G

FUTURE PROSPECTS

INTEGRATION

MIGRANTS + BERLINERS

W E L L B E I N G NAVIGATING IN GERMAN SOCIETY

P H Y S I C A L

H E A LT H

COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT

INTERACTION

SELF ESTEEM

M E N TA L H E A LT H M I G RAN T S + B E R L I N E RS S O C I A L H E A L T H SECURITY AND SAFETY

FUTURE PROSPECTS

INTEGRATION

MIGRANTS + BERLINERS

W E L L B E I N G NAVIGATING IN GERMAN SOCIETY

P H Y S I C A L

H E A LT H

COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT

INTERACTION

SELF ESTEEM

M E N TA L H E A LT H M IGRA N T S + B E R L I N E R S S O C I A L H E A L T H

HEALTH | FOOD PRODUCTION

115

LONG TERM IDEAS AND INTEGRATION 8

9

MODIFIFICATIONS | PLAN

10

7 income

education

6

sports

food

7 safety

6

5

5

4

4 2

a

1 b

3

3

2

c

a

1 b

c

SHORT-TERM

LONG-TERM

Again, we can see an attention given to integration and interaction among migrants and berliners and also to health and well being issues, but now new aspects appeared, as future prospects, more frequent, and capacity building and community engagement, less frequent.

About the long term plan, few changes are proposed. The big kitchen will transform into a school restaurant and the learning center will be developed.

This learning center, as said before, will have an alternative methodology and will use the infrastructure proposed to some of its classes, such as the urban garden, school-restaurant, and sport facilities.

Also, we propose to take off the fences in order to turn these new facilities more reachable and attractive.

8 7 6 5

4 3

2

1 a

116

10

9

8

b

c

9

10

PROPOSED PLAN LONG TERM

INCOME OBJECTIVE

DEVELOPED HUMAN CAPITAL

STRATEGY MICROCREDIT

SPORTS

OBJECTIVE PROMOTING A MULTICULTURAL AGENDA

STRATEGY

CULTURAL AND SPORTIVE WEEKEND

EDUCATION OBJECTIVE INCOME AND RESORCES GENERATION SECURITY AND SAFETY SPORTS AND RECREATION EDUCATION AND EMPOWERMENT HEALTH AND FOOD

LEARNING COMMUNITY

SECURITY OBJECTIVE

SAFE PLACE

STRATEGY

LEARNING CENTER WITH ALTERNATIVE METHODOLOGY

STRATEGY

SOCIAL SERVICE CENTER

HEALTH

OBJECTIVE PROMOTE A BETTER RELASHIONSHIP

STRATEGY

SCHOOL RESTAURANT + URBAN GARDEN

117

PROPOSED PLAN LONG TERM EMPOWERMENT F I N A N C I A L

C A P A C I T Y

S E C U R I T Y

B U I L D I N G

We notice that the groups have different strategies that most of the time donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t overlap, instead, they complement each other targeting to a common goal.

NAVIGATING IN GERMAN SOCIETY

INTEGRATION

MIGRANTS + BERLINERS

FUTU R E P R OS P E C T S P H Y S I C A L H E A LT H M E N TA L H E A LT H S O C I A L H E A LT H INTERACTION S E L F E S T E E M WELL BEING

C O M M U N I T Y E N G A G E M E N T

M I G R ANTS + BERLINE RS

INCOME | RESOURCES

EMPOWERMENT F I N A N C I A L

C A P A C I T Y

S E C U R I T Y

B U I L D I N G

NAVIGATING IN GERMAN SOCIETY

INTEGRATION

MIGRANTS + BERLINERS

FUTURE PROSPECTS P H Y S I C A L H E A LT H M E N TA L H E A LT H C O M M U N I T Y E N G A G E M E N T S O C I A L H E A LT H INTERACTION S E L F E S T E E M WELL BEING

M I GRA NTS + B ERL I NER S

EDUCATION | EMPOWERMENT

EMPOWERMENT F I N A N C I A L

C A P A C I T Y

S E C U R I T Y

B U I L D I N G

NAVIGATING IN GERMAN SOCIETY

INTEGRATION

MIGRANTS + BERLINERS

FUTURE PROSPECTS P H Y S I C A L H E A LT H M E N TA L H E A LT H C O M M U N I T Y E N G A G E M E N T S O C I A L H E A LT H INTERACTION S E L F E S T E E M WELL BEING

M IGRA N T S + B ER L I NER S

SPORTS AND RECREATION

118

EMPOWERMENT F I N A N C I A L

C A P A C I T Y

S E C U R I T Y

B U I L D I N G

NAVIGATING IN GERMAN SOCIETY

INTEGRATION

MIGRANTS + BERLINERS

F UTURE P ROSP ECTS P H Y S I C A L H E A LT H M E N TA L H E A LT H C O M M U N I T Y E N G A G E M E N T S O C I A L H E A LT H INTERACTION S E L F E S T E E M WELL BEING

M IGRA N T S + B ER L I N ER S

SECURITY AND SAFETY

EMPOWERMENT F I N A N C I A L

C A P A C I T Y

S E C U R I T Y

B U I L D I N G

EMPOWERMENT F I N A N C I A L

C A P A C I T Y

S E C U R I T Y

B U I L D I N G

NAVIGATING IN GERMAN SOCIETY

INTEGRATION

MIGRANTS + BERLINERS

F UTURE P RO S PE C TS P H Y S I C A L H E A LT H M E N TA L H E A LT H C O M M U N I T Y E N G A G E M E N T S O C I A L H E A LT H INTERACTION S E L F E S T E E M WELL BEING

M I G R AN TS + B ER L I N ER S

HEALTH | FOOD PRODUCTION

NAVIGATING IN GERMAN SOCIETY

INTEGRATION

MIGRANTS + BERLINERS

FUTU RE PROSPECTS P H Y S I C A L H E A LT H M E N TA L H E A LT H S O C I A L H E A LT H INTERACTION S E L F E S T E E M WELL BEING

C O M M U N I T Y E N G A G E M E N T

MIGRAN TS + BERLI N ERS

PROPOSES income

education

sports

food

safety

Once the other groups were focusing most in integrating people, we as integration group decided to extend this integration in a more flexible and democratic way: at the public spaces. We believe that the public space has a main role in integrating and connecting people besides contributing to build a more inclusive and welcoming environment, with direct impacts on the health and wellbeing of people. Having this in mind, our proposal is work with the public space as an extension of the facilities. We want this space to be a meeting point for all people, to be playful, fun and colorful; a place that calls attention to the activities happening in those new spaces, but is inviting to stay and rest.

PUBLIC SPACES Integrate and connect people More inclusive and welcoming environment

We imagine this ludic spaces to be quick, light and cheap structures; as you can see in these images. We are inspired in the place making concept, which is a movement that instigate people to re-imagine and reinvent the public space collectively putting focus on the interests and desires of the community that occupies it. Besides being open to new ideas and approaches in order to improve a neighborhood, a city or a region. The method has a transformative potential, it reinforces the connection between places and people who share them, and it encourages collaborative process. Far beyond just promoting urban design, placemaking facilitate creative patterns, paying attention especially to physical, cultural and social identity characteristics that define a place.

We consider those characteristics very important in the Tempelhof context, since it is a place that host several activities, and it is used by many different people, with diverse backgrounds. Having this in mind, we think that place making could fit in Tempelhof.

The Movement CafĂŠ, Greenwich.

SUPER GROUP LONDON

119

120

PLACE MAKING

London Largest Living Room, Somerset House, London

transformative potential TEMPORARY FLEXIBLE EXTENSION OF OTHER FACILITIES

P L AY F U L colorful c h e a p collective b o t t o m u p QUICK n e w i d e a s physical C U LT U R A L A N D SOCIAL IDENTITY

LIGHT c o l l a b o r a t i v e

121