Cwl mag # 34 biodiversity

CW L

CARIBBEAN WELLNESS & LIFESTYLE HEALTH ● FITNESS ● SPIRITUALITY ● TECHNOLOGY ● FINANCE

Biodiversity Sustaining People and their livelihoods

Understanding GUILLIAN BARRÉ Syndrome Designing for the

DISABLED

Can Sex Improve

HEALTH?

JA $500 UK £4.00 US $5.00 CA $5.00

CW L PUBLISHER

Pelican Publishers Limited

EDITOR - IN - CHIEF Dr. Henry Lowe

EDITORIAL & CREATIVE DIRECTOR Meleisa Witter

EDITORIAL A

s the summer closes out … gracefully and the impending change in the season takes over, we reflect. The athletes have returned from the Olympics – gloriously! Traffic patterns will change as schools re-open; and as things change – so they remain the same.

EDITOR Alicea James

MARKETING / SALES Aneka McKenzie

GRAPHICS ART, LAYOUT & ILLUSTRATION Nicole Williams Tamiko Blake Yakub Grant

Contributors

Tamara Bailey Nicola Chambers Patrine Cameron Dr Kurdell Espinosa Tashika Witter-Francis Clinton Gordon Sharlene Hendricks Alicea James Ollie Jones IV Dr Herbert Lowe Aneka McKenzie Avi Ann Miller Dr James Mills Keisha Ann Sleight Crystal Sutherland Meleisa Witter Kerene Walker Ben Tsedek Ben Yehuda © 2016 Pelican Publishers Limited No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronically or mechanically, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage retrieval system without written permission from the publishers.

One of the things I would like to advocate for is quality time. With time being as fleet footed as it is; we don’t have a lot of time to speed with the people we (claim to) really care about. Quality time, therefore, rather than quantity time has to be the focus.

“Children will not remember you for the material things you provided but for the feeling that you cherished them,” said Richard L. Evans. Hmm, I’m not so sure. I believe in balance. We know that there are many material needs to be fulfilled to ensure we have happy, rounded children.

Balanced lives mean that material gifts are not given at the expense of quality time.

Communicate with your loved ones – lovingly. Share, care and fulfill your role in the best way you can.

Let the changing times bring out the best in you. Do something everyday which your future self will thank you for and in so doing, you too will feel fulfilled.

So as the seasons change, one of the many things that remain is that time is waiting on no one- so occupy wisely.

Cheers,

Meleisa Witter

Creative & Editorial Director

CONTENTS

ISSUE #34 2016

FEATURES

24

6

EHF - Wellness Week Feature

– Latoya Aquart-Foster

8

Tackle Allergy Season Like A Pro

– Alicea James

14 Lupus & the Cardiovascular System

– Kerene Walker

16 How Stress Affects the Heart.

A Clinical Perspective – Dr James Mills & Dr Kurdell Espinosa

18 Heart Disease in Children

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– Keisha-Ann Sleight

20 Mommy Diaries

– Keisha-Ann Sleight

22 Organic Food: Should You Make

the Switch?

– Nicola Chambers

24 Afro-Jamaican Herbology: Part 2

– Ben Tsedek Ben Yehuda

26 Terrific Turmeric

– Nicola Chambers

28 Condimental Conjecture Continues

– Meleisa Witter

31 For the Love of Food

ON THE COVER 4

Biodiversity Sustaining People and their Livelihood - Avi-Ann Miller

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Understanding Gullian Barre Syndrome -Meleisa Witter

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Designing for the Disabled - Dr. Herbert Lowe, Ollie Jones IV

36 Can Sex Improve Health?

- Patrine Cameron

– Tamara Bailey

38 The Hard Truth about Vulnerability

– Sharlene Kendricks

40 The Rewards of Ageing

– Alicea James

46 Unhealthy Surveillance:

More Technology, Less Privacy

– Aneka McKenzie

CONTENTS

CW L 50 When Money Hurts Literally:

The Connection between Stress & Heart Problems

– Clinton Gordon

31

52 Supporting Your Colleague Who Has

Lost A Loved One

– Kerene Walker

54 Emotional Support at Work:

Is This A Misnomer?

– Tashika Witter Francis

58 Identifying the Six Triggers of Occupational Burnout

– Meleisa Witter

60 Office Romance in the Modern Age:

Why it is Still a Bad Idea

– Alicea James

Pelican

PICKS

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46

16 14

36

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R O T I D E E H T O T S LETTER

, r o t i d E r a De

caused. Be m ily, hi s his actions have fa it kn se clo a en be su re to point out th at you HEN-PECKED ALREADY? father says I should just leave with him n wi ll have no problem so y m d an ne alo em th ht , am so di st ra ug ht . M y e, leavi ng – th at ’s hi s rig tim in es ak ist m his m fro rn lea young son whom I have just the way he went about to m hi lp he to e lik uld wo but I a great relationship with it. (Please ensure that you do t no es do he at th d an underst t say anyt hi ng negative no ha s lef t home without even y bo s a’ am m a r he eit have to be t his girlfr iend, as you ou ab di sc ussing hi s decision with . nd rie yf bo d ke e or a henpec m ay im med iately alien ate me or his father. I will be th e him). You could then go on first to say, I have no desir r. he ot M d ne er nc Co to – in a very genera l way, for my son to be a ‘m am a’s di sc us s the import ance of boy’, and I do not want to cast him taking actions based on aspersions on hi s girlfr iend, r: he ot M d ne er nc Co t Dear s moral compa ss and hi s hi but his actions have been ou ur yo r fo u yo nk ha e se of right or wrong rather sen of ch arac te r for some tim n ca u yo pe ho I . ter let d the suggestions of those an th now as he has already starte n’s so ur yo e iv fo rg d in that in be havi ng lik e a he np ec ke g out around him. Ex pla vin mo in r ro er s iou reg eg eater husband. Whatever she says t so doing, he will be in gr ou th wi e m ho ily m fa e th of control of his life rather than goes. I allowed his girlfriend to e th ng ssi cu dis of y tes ur co r the the emotional turmoil which move in with us for a numbe – r he fat his or u yo th wi t matter comes from being pu lled in of years and while I did no d sse pre ex ve ha u yo as y I especiall . ‘monitor’ their interaction, it family. many directions kn se clo a are u yo at th t Of fer th is advice as had set grou nd ru les abou ur yo te sta t no e Whi le you did ther th an acce pt able behaviour in th though a life pr inciple, ra as m see es do it e, ag s n’ so ack on his most recent home and they seemed to have g, and young love an att un yo is he ion to ad hered to them.

It action. If indeed the decis t. ten po ly lar cu rti pa be n g I do no t w a nt to ca leave without saying anythin e nc rie pe ex ke ta ed de in t m ay wa s his girlfr iend’s, then he inte rfe re in their lives , bu an to e m co to n so ur for yo ll feel badly, but will have a wi wonder if there is a way for me of ills e th t ou ab g din understan for how to make ot her sis ba to help him to understand that ss, ele rth ve Ne d. ke being henpec when they if this is how their relationship ssion important decisions scu di a ve ha ld ou sh u yo . is going to be, it wi ll not be l the deep hurt which arise ea rev d an ve ha we gh he alt hy. Althou

I

T

Biodiversity

:

SUSTAINING PEOPLE

AND THEIR LIVELIHOODS Avi-Ann Miller

B

iological diversity - often abbreviated 'biodiversity,' refers to the variety of life on the planet, and it has served as the cornerstone of every major industry, either

through bio-inspiration or through raw material provision. An examination of biodiversity leads to the realization that man is inherently linked to his environment and it is through biodiversity that he finds the materials essential for food, shelter, and even healing. Even further, biodiversity provides support for nutrient cycling, the formation of soil, regulation of climate, defence against natural disasters, and the eradication of diseases.

It follows that the variety of life on the planet has given rise to various ecosystems, which has further led to the evolution of unique endemic flora and fauna. Jamaica, like many geographical locations, has been blessed with these invaluable treasure troves of wildlife and it is around these vast natural resources that many Jamaicans have built livelihoods, ethno-medicinal traditions, eco-tourism, and the overall culture. We have come to truly identify with Jamaica being the land of wood and water where all we need is provided by nature.

In the Jamaican context, and by extension the Caribbean, the booming nutraceutical and cosmeceutical industries are attributable to the vast collection of organisms that exist in our region. These recipes steeped rich in traditions of our forefathers are now being Wscientifically investigated and transformed into revenue streams to support an entire generation. Bussu, a river mollusc, ackee, wild berries, and other island delicacies have also become key accompaniments to burgeoning eco-tourism and aesthetic activities such as rafting and hiking. In truth, our spur towards staycations right here on the island – while providing monetary gains, also serve as an avenue to commune with nature and return to a peace that only nature can give –is undoubtedly facilitated by biodiversity. After all, who wants to vacation in a wasteland?

Beyond its traditional scopes, biodiversity spurs other industries in particular, it offers bio-inspiration and biomimetic – that is, the examination of nature and using its principles to create new solutions for existing problems. As such, biodiversity serves as a tool in providing solutions for complex human problems. We see this evidenced in cancer identification technology inspired by jellyfish tentacles used to capture prey; the development of medicinal grade glues that are inspired by the adhesives secreted by marine life such as mussels; blood filtration systems that are based on the mechanisms of the human spleen; modular and humanoid robotics whereby machines incorporate locomotor patterns of animals to improve functionality.

We are inspired by nature; we are one with nature. As we continue on our path of technological revolution we have become more knowledgeable. Unfortunately, in all of our revolutions we have done damage through the systematic clearing of forests for agricultural pursuits and destroyed habitats for mining activities; however, in this age of knowledge, we cannot deny the importance of sustainable development for the preservation of the planet and ultimately the human race.

On the whole, as we explore the planet's biospheres we will come to identify organisms previously unknown; we will discover new cures and be amazed by the sheer wonder of this planet. However, in all we execute, we must seek to integrate a respect for the planet and its biodiversity. To this end, we must create and utilize technology that has the least negative impact on our habitat. We must aim to leave behind a planet for future generation that rises to the same enviable 5:00a.m. mix of animals and plants united in one morning song.

"AS SUCH, BIODIVERSITY SERVES AS A TOOL IN PROVIDING SOLUTIONS FOR COMPLEX HUMAN PROBLEMS".

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Social Wellness: Engage, Connect, Support was the theme for the 12th annual staging of the The Environmental Health Foundation’s (EHF) Wellness & Lifestyle Promotion. From May 10-20, 2016, one hundred and thirty (130) students and teachers from nine (9) primary and secondary schools across Jamaica showcased their talents in promoting wellness through the performing arts. They were also recognized and awarded for the various wellness projects that they implemented within their schools and communities over the school year.

12th Annual WELLNESS & LIFESTYLE

PROMOTION Wellness Week 2016

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CARIBBEAN WELLNESS & LIFESTYLE MAGAZINE | ISSUE #34

The Schools Wellness Club (SWC) seminar was followed by an enthralling seminar on Social Wellness on May 16th at the Immaculate Conception High School (ICHS), facilitated by past student Catherine Goodall, who has devoted much of her time to volunteering and giving back to those less fortunate. In her address, Ms. Goodall implored the audience of over three hundred (300) fourth form students to “pay it forward” and volunteer to assist the under-served and vulnerable. This was perfectly aligned with EHF’s definition of social wellness as being aware of the social concerns in your community and getting involved to solve these problems, whilst engaging and connecting with others to achieve the goal.

The third event of the Promotion was a nutrition workshop, facilitated by LASCO Distributors.

Participants (consisting of parents of young children and basic school teachers and cooks) were taught how to prepare healthy and affordable meals, whilst building the family unit by engaging members in the meal preparation process.

Following the nutrition workshop was the main event, EHF’s Wellness & Lifestyle Awards Cocktail, which recognized and awarded three individuals who have made significant contributions to social wellness in Jamaica.

These were: Jordan Bennett in the category Social Wellness Youth Award, for establishing the charity “Feeding of the 5000 Outreach Foundation” which manages over 200 volunteers and plans outreach activities across the island.

Inspire Jamaica with Kerlyn Brown in the category Social Wellness Media Award, for the programme which inspires the nation with the most impactful stories of the courage of our youngest citizens in the face of adversity and triumph of the human spirit.

Pastor Annmarie Richards in the category Social Wellness Individual Award, for the dedication and care that she has shown in making provisions for thirty-two children (and counting!) who were deemed homeless and short of love and affection.

EHF designated Earl Jarrett, General Manager of the Jamaica National Building Society (JNBS), Wellness Ambassador for 2016-2017; he takes over from Keith Duncan, CEO of JMMB Group, who served over the preceding year. Paula Llewellyn, Director of Public Prosecutions, delivered a riveting address in which she implored the audience to take note of the social needs around us and ensure that we all play our part in taking care of the vulnerable among us, including our children.

The other two events that rounded out the Promotion were an NGO Forum on “Accessing Donor Funds�, held on May 19th and a Fitness Workshop on May 20th. The NGO Forum was facilitated by notable stakeholders in the industry (JNBS Foundation, Planning Institute of Jamaica and the Development Bank of Jamaica), and was attended by over fifty (50) local NGOs. The Fitness Workshop was facilitated by Eden Fitness, and capped off the Promotion by focusing on physical wellness.

Pelican Publishers provided relevant books and magazines for donation at several of the events.

www.cwlmagazine.com

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tacKle

allergy

SEASon Like a Pro! alicea JaMes

S

pring is in full swing and with it comes blooming trees and flower buds and for some - allergen overload! The increase of pollen and mold in the environment often leads to sneezing, stuffy nose, and red, itchy eyes; yes people, it’s allergy season!

I’m sure you want to run and hide under the covers but since your sheets and pillowcases may also be hiding allergens, it is best to get the scoop on how to tackle allergy season like a pro.

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CARIBBEAN WELLNESS & LIFESTYLE MAGAZINE | ISSUE #34

Allergic reactions occur when the body mistakenly defends itself against something that is not dangerous. During allergic reactions, the immune system fights harmless materials (e.g. pollen, dust, mold, etc.) with the production of a special class of antibody called immunoglobulin E. This overreaction results in the symptoms that you tend to experience.

KicK allergies to the curb!

Here are some useful tips for tackling allergy season:

Wash away allergens - When you go home each day, you bring tiny pieces of the outside world with you. Your hair, skin, clothes and shoes are covered with small particles that you picked up everywhere you went for that day. So, the minute you get home, take off your clothes and toss them in the laundry hamper, take a shower and if you can, wash your hair before getting into bed as otherwise, it will only spread these allergens to you sheets and pillows.

Protect yourself - You can limit the amount of pollen that blows in your eyes by wearing sunglasses or a wide brimmed hat, especially on windy days.

eat healthy - Your diet plays an integral role in the frequency at which your allergy symptoms occur; so eat healthy.

Fruits and vegetables are powerful sources of antioxidants which help to fight the inflammation that comes with allergies. Additionally, a study quoted

by WebMD, found that children who ate a diet rich in fresh vegetables, fruits, and nuts (particularly grapes, apples, oranges, and tomatoes) experienced fewer allergy symptoms.

Keep your home clean - Allergens can linger in your home so make sure

that your space is clean from dust and dander. When cleaning, avoid harsh chemicals as these can aggravate your allergy symptoms. Instead, opt for all-natural cleaning products or you can use every day household products such as vinegar and baking soda.

Visit your doctor - If you usually suffer from seasonal allergies, be proactive and see your doctor early. There are injections, nasal treatments and a range of other remedies for alleviating your symptoms, or even preventing them from occurring.

Mold proof your space - Mold is a sneaky allergen, so you need to deal with this issue as well. Mold is commonly found in bathrooms, kitchens and basements; check these areas and if mold is present use water, bleach and detergent to remove it.

avoid peak allergy hours - Jaime Landman, MD, president of Florida Center for Allergy and Asthma Care in Miami says that pollen count is highest between 5:00 a.m. to 10:00 am. So if it’s possible, try to avoid outdoor activities during these hours. Landman also explains that cold, rainy days produce less pollen than hot, dry days.

Research info courtesy of: http://www.webmd.com/allergies/ss/slideshow-natural-relief http://www.everydayhealth.com/hs/allergy-pictures/prepare-for-spring-allergies/#05

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UNDERSTANDING

GUILLAIN

BARRÉ SYNDROME

WHAT IS GUILLAIN-BARRÉ SYNDROME? Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a disorder in which the body's immune system attacks part of the peripheral nervous system.

EARLY SYMPTOMS The first symptoms of this disorder include varying degrees of weakness or tingling sensations in the legs. In many instances the symmetrical weakness and abnormal sensations spread to the arms and upper body.

SEVERE SYMPTOMS Certain muscles cannot be used at all and, when severe, the person is almost completely paralyzed. In these cases the disorder is life threatening — potentially interfering with breathing and, at times, with blood pressure or heart rate — and is considered a medical emergency.

EARLY TREATMENT A ventilator is used to assist with breathing, and persons musts be closely monitored for problems such as an abnormal heart beat, infections, blood clots, and high or low blood pressure.

AGE OR GENDER SPECIFICITY Guillain-Barré syndrome can affect anyone at any age; both sexes are equally prone to the disorder. The syndrome is rare, however, afflicting only about one person in 100,000.

SOME PROXIMATE TRIGGERS Usually, Guillain-Barré occurs a few days or weeks after someone displays symptoms of a respiratory or gastrointestinal viral infection.

Occasionally, surgery will trigger the syndrome. In rare instances, vaccinations may increase the risk of GBS. Some countries have recently reported increased incidences of GBS following infection with the Zika virus.

INCUBATION After the first clinical manifestations of the disease, symptoms can progress over the course of hours, days, or weeks.

Most people reach the greatest stage of weakness within the first two weeks after symptoms appear, and by the third week, 90 percent of all patients are at their weakest.

CAUSES AND CONTAGION It is still unknown why Guillain-Barré — which is not contagious — strikes some people and not others. Nor does anyone know exactly what sets the disease in motion. What scientists do know is that the body's immune system begins to attack the body itself, causing what is known as an autoimmune disease. Usually the cells of the immune system attack only foreign material and invading organisms. In Guillain-Barré syndrome, however, the immune system starts to destroy the myelin sheath that surrounds the axons of many peripheral nerves, or even the axons themselves (axons are long, thin extensions of the nerve cells which carry nerve signals).

DISTAL CAUSES In diseases in which the peripheral nerves' myelin sheaths are injured or degraded, the nerves cannot transmit signals efficiently. That is why the muscles begin to lose their ability to respond to the brain's commands that must be carried through the nerve network. The brain also receives fewer sensory signals from the rest of the body, resulting in an inability to feel textures, heat, pain, and other

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sensations. Alternately, the brain may receive inappropriate signals that result in tingling, "crawling-skin," or painful sensations. Because the signals to and from the arms and legs must travel the longest distances they are most vulnerable to interruption. Therefore, muscle weakness and tingling sensations usually first appear in the hands and feet and progress upwards.

When Guillain-Barré is preceded by a viral or bacterial infection, it is possible that the virus has changed the nature of cells in the nervous system so that the immune system treats them as foreign cells. It is also possible that the virus makes the immune system itself less discriminating about what cells it recognizes as its own, allowing some of the immune cells, such as certain kinds of lymphocytes and macrophages, to attack the myelin.

DIAGNOSIS Guillain-Barré is called a syndrome rather than a disease because it is not clear that a specific disease-causing agent is involved. A syndrome is a medical condition characterized by a collection of symptoms (what the patient feels) and signs (what a doctor can observe or measure). The signs and symptoms of the syndrome can be quite varied, so doctors may, on rare occasions, find it difficult to diagnose Guillain-Barré in its earliest stages.

Several disorders have symptoms similar to those found in Guillain-Barré, so doctors examine and question patients carefully before making a diagnosis. Collectively, the signs and

CARIBBEAN WELLNESS & LIFESTYLE MAGAZINE | ISSUE #34

symptoms form a certain pattern that helps doctors differentiate Guillain-Barré from other disorders. For example, physicians will note whether the symptoms appear on both sides of the body (most common in Guillain-Barré) and the quickness with which the symptoms appear (in other disorders, muscle weakness may progress over months rather than days or weeks). In Guillain-Barré, reflexes such as knee jerks are usually lost.

Because the signals traveling along the nerve are slower, a nerve conduction velocity (NCV) test can provide doctors with clues to aid the diagnosis. In Guillain-Barré patients, the cerebrospinal fluid that bathes the spinal cord and brain contains more protein than usual. Therefore a physician may decide to perform a spinal tap, a procedure in which a needle is inserted into the patient's lower back and a small amount of cerebrospinal fluid from the spinal column is withdrawn for study.

TREATMENT There is no known cure for Guillain-Barré syndrome. However, there are therapies that lessen the severity of the illness and accelerate the recovery in most patients. There are also a number of ways to treat the complications of the disease.

Currently, plasma exchange (also called plasmapheresis) and high-dose immunoglobulin therapy are used. Both of them are equally effective, but immunoglobulin is easier to administer.

“Plasma exchange is a method by which whole blood is removed from the body and processed so that the red and white blood cells are separated from the plasma, or liquid portion of the blood. “ The blood cells are then returned to the patient without the plasma, which the body quickly replaces.

In high-dose immunoglobulin therapy, doctors give intravenous injections of the proteins that, in small quantities, the immune system uses naturally to attack invading organisms which in turn lessen the immune attack on the nervous system.

The use of steroid hormones has also been tried as a way to reduce the severity of Guillain-Barré, but controlled clinical trials have demonstrated that this treatment not only is not effective but may even have a deleterious effect on the disease.

The most critical part of the treatment for this syndrome consists of keeping the patient's body functioning during recovery of the nervous system. This can sometimes require placing the patient on mechanical ventilatory assistance, a heart monitor, or other machines that assist body function. The need for this sophisticated machinery is one reason why Guillain-Barré syndrome patients are usually treated in hospitals, often in an intensive care ward. In the hospital, doctors can also look for and treat the many problems that can afflict any paralyzed patient complications such as pneumonia or bed sores.

Often, even before recovery begins, caregivers may be instructed to manually move the patient's limbs to help keep the muscles flexible and strong and to prevent venous sludging (the buildup of red blood cells in veins, which could lead to reduced blood flow) in the limbs which could result in deep vein thrombosis. Later, as the patient begins to recover limb control, physical therapy begins.

RECOVERY & AFTER-EFFECTS Most individuals have good recovery from even the most severe cases of Guillain-Barré syndrome, although some continue to experience a certain degree of weakness.

The recovery period may be as little as a few weeks or as long as a few years.

About 30 percent of those with Guillain-Barré still have a residual weakness after 3 years. About 3 percent may suffer a relapse of muscle weakness and tingling sensations many years after the initial attack.

Guillain-Barré syndrome patients face not only physical difficulties, but emotionally painful periods as well. It is often extremely hard for patients to adjust to sudden paralysis and dependence on others for help with routine daily activities. Patients sometimes need psychological counseling to help them adapt.

Research Information http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorde rs/gbs/detail_gbs.htm

Lupus and the

CardiovasCular system

Kerene WalKer

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Hypertension (HigH Blood pressure) Systemic Lupus E r y t he m ato su s (SLE) or 'lupus,' is an autoimmune disease that can affect almost any part of the human body. This happens when antibodies produced by the body attack a nd destroy its own tissues (commonly the joints, kidneys, heart, brain, lungs, blood, or skin) instead of protecting it. Inf lammation is a m a rke r of t h i s destruction.

Until recent years, the commonest cause of early mortality in people with lupus was kidney failure.

However, with advanced therapies, increased access to renal dialysis and kidney transplants, deaths from renal failure have significantly declined, and heart attacks and related cardiovascular diseases have taken the number one spot. Alarmingly, the risk of heart attack in women with lupus aged 35-44 is 50 times greater than that of women without lupus and the risk is increased 7 to 9 fold for everyone with lupus.

So what are the conditions that affect the heart and blood vessels in lupus?

Fifty percent (50%) of people with lupus also have hypertension (blood pressure of greater than 140/90 mmHg), and countless more lupus patients have blood pressures above the normal limit of 120/80 mmHg. Obesity, kidney disease, and long-term steroid treatment are the most frequent causes of hypertension in people with lupus. Other lupus medications, such as cyclosporine can also cause elevations in blood pressure.

High blood pressure can lead to stroke, heart failure, and heart attack.

periCarditis The most common way that lupus affects the heart is through inflammation of the pericardium – the thin sac that surrounds the heart, causing symptoms such as sharp chest pain and shortness of breath especially when lying down.

Acute pericarditis usually does not impair the heart’s ability to function because it does not directly involve the heart tissue. However, inflammation that is chronic (long-lasting) can scar the heart tissue, and retard the heart’s ability to pump blood.

myoCarditis This is inflammation of the heart’s muscle tissue with symptoms such as chest pain and an unexplained rapid or irregular heartbeat with x-rays showing an enlarged heart. Myocarditis is often seen when there is inflammation in other muscles in the body. This is further complicated when immunosuppressants are taken. They increase the risk of developing infections increasing the likelihood of this type of myocarditis.

Although myocarditis occurs in only 10% of people with lupus, it is a serious condition which may weaken the heart’s ability to pump enough blood to the different tissues and organs, resulting in heart failure.

endoCarditis The endocardium is the tissue that lines the inner walls of the heart and its valves. Libman-Sacks endocarditis occurs in about 15% of people with lupus.

The condition leads to the thickening of the heart valves or development of wart-like growths called vegetations on their surfaces. Endocarditis can lead to two major complications: infection and stroke. Vegetations can become infected (bacterial endocarditis) or they also could break off and travel to the brain to form a blood clot. Both possibilities are potentially life threatening.

atHerosClerosis Atherosclerosis is the most common manifestation of cardiovascular disease in people with lupus. The condition is caused

by the accumulation of plaque along the inner lining of arteries. Eventually, this plaque can harden and restrict the flow of blood to various parts of the body, including the heart and brain; if it ruptures, it can cause a clot to form, leading to complications like heart attack and stroke. Having corticosteroid related high cholesterol, high blood pressure; type II diabetes and a sedentary lifestyle are the most important predictors of heart disease in lupus.

Kerene Walker is the Chair of the Department of Medical Technology, Northern Caribbean University.

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HOW STRESS AFFECTS THE HEART A Clinical Perspective Dr James Mills & Dr Kurdell Espinosa

Definitions of stress vary quite widely but the one given by Selye (1993) is that stress is a non-specific response of the body to any demand made upon it. This definition proposes that both the agent causing the stress (stressor) and the stress response of the body are non-specific. Different stressors therefore cause a similar response in the body. A stress response involves a great deal of interplay among different areas in the brain which culminates in altered behavior, increased secretion of several hormones and elevated skeletal muscle tension.

Considering stress and its relation to the heart, the hormones released in stress that would affect the heart include the adrenaline and noradrenaline; cortisol, aldosterone, vasopressin, glucagon, growth hormone and vasopressin. Some of these hormones are released through the hypothalamicpituitary axis (HPA) and more importantly through the sympathetic nervous system.

The adrenaline and noradrenaline from the sympathetic nervous system have profound impact on the heart to increase the heart rate, force of contraction and therefore increases the amount of work the heart nor mally perfor ms.

Additionally, the arterial blood

vessels are also constricted during that time so the overall influence of stress on the heart increases the blood pressure in the body.

The increased blood pressure induces the heart to contract harder to eject the blood from the heart against an increased resistance in the periphery, thus leading in the long term, to hypertrophy and dilation of the left ventricle. These two changes could eventually induce cardiac failure. A dilated heart could become a potential source for heart rate irregularities commonly known as arrhythmias.

Some of the stress hormones mentioned such as adrenaline, noradrenaline, growth hormone, glucagon and cortisol also cause breakdown of body fat stores and lead

to increase of fatty acids in the blood that can cause atherosclerosis that can block the arteries and reduce blood flow to the heart leading to angina pectoris and eventually myocardial infarction.

The hormones such as aldosterone and cortisol that are increased in stress expand the blood volume and can lead to increased blood flow returning to the heart and therefore increase the work of the heart and the blood pressure.

In summary therefore, chronic stress appears to have damaging effect on the heart that could lead to cardiac failure.

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t r D a e H in isease

Children Keisha-ann sleight

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CARIBBEAN WELLNESS & LIFESTYLE MAGAZINE | ISSUE #34

W

e often see heart breaking images of children on TV suffering from diseases and illness that we thought were limited to adults. Unfortunately, most of the maladies that affect grown-ups also affect children, one of which is heart disease. For the purpose of this article we’ll focus on congenital heart disease – a defect or abnormality that affects the heart or the blood vessels around it. These are usually detected and diagnosed shortly after the child is born. An abnormal heart rhythm is normally evidence that there is some congenital defect with the heart.

these abnormalities can present themselves in several ways: atrial septal Defect A hole between the two upper chambers of the heart.

Ventricular septal Defect A hole between the two lower chambers of the heart.

coarctation of the aorta The main artery leaving the heart [aorta] is constricted.

may assume that this signals the end of a short life for these children, there is hope through surgery. Dr. Nunura says that with surgery he has seen many of his patients live into adulthood and have normal lives. The drawback to treating these illnesses in children however, is that there aren’t many specialists in the Caribbean, and many developing countries do not have the equipment required for treatment.

Due to this, patients generally travel to the US for treatment. This comes with a hefty price tag with costs ranging from USD$20,000 -$100,000, with the most expensive options reflecting the severity of the cases. Although the task of treating children, and the costs associated with it seem daunting, there are many organizations and corporate bodies that provide funding for cases such as these.

Dr. Nunura discussed another disease of the heart (not congenital) that is often detected in children ages 5 to 15 years, namely rheumatic heart disease. This condition occurs because the heart’s

muscles and valves are damaged as a result of rheumatic fever caused by the streptococcal bacteria. When a child has strep throat which goes undiagnosed and untreated, this consequently develops into rheumatic fever.

In Dr. Nunura’s four years of working with the Heart Institute of the Caribbean, rheumatic heart disease in children has been just as prevalent as congenital heart disease. He says that unlike congenital heart disease, acquired heart disease is preventable and he encourages parents to take any complaints of a sore throat by their children serious.

There are also other types of heart diseases that affect children as well as adults, one being Chagas disease which is caused by a parasite borne infection and is primarily seen in children living in low income countries. However the doctor assures that while these conditions may seem scary there is local treatment for them and it is by no means the end of a child’s life if he/she is diagnosed with heart disease.

transposition of the great arteries The 2 large arteries leaving the right and left sides of the heart are switched.

tetralogy of fallot A complex condition involving several structural defects.

According to Dr. Feli x Nunura, Consultant Pediatric Cardiologist at the Heart Institute of the Caribbean, these conditions are common in many Caribbean children and although some

Source: dr Felix nunura heart institute of the Caribbean www.cwlmagazine.com

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Mommy Diaries

Keisha-ann sleight

Raising a child is not for the faint of heart

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nd when I say this I mean it literally…. there will be moments when your heart is filled with joy, and there will be moments where your heart literally jumps from your chest to your throat with fear for your child.

But that is just one type of heart gymnastic they illicit—there are others.

Kids keep your heart in tune with the near misses of falling off the steps, your heart leaping from your chest when they

try to act out the cartoons and movies they watch, performing maneuvers that even the most famous stunt-double would not think of undertaking.

I can’t forget being called by my daughter’s school about her falling and sustaining a gash on her mouth… my heart raced a million miles a minute, and I went into full flight despite the schools reassurance that she could finish the day in class. No, no! Mommy’s heart could not manage that less it failed to beat from anxiety and worry. I had to go see for myself, hear the story and essentially calm my heart, sigh.

misses' they will have as they navigate life - whether on the playground as toddlers, during the teenager years, or later on in life as adults when their decisions cause our heart to sink or to leap in fear or adulation.

But most important of all; our children have the ability to warm our hearts with their smile and their words, … for me in the moment when, with concern in her eyes my five year old says “Mommy are you ok?” love fills my heart. And the moment that she says “Mommy you’re the best in the whole wide world,” that's when my heart melts.

So you know the same feeling comes back anytime I see the school’s number pop up on my phone. And the school officials understand my plight; they don’t even say "hello" they first say “no worries; she’s ok”…oh my poor heart.

Our children keep our hearts in tune because what is life without a little bit of adrenaline to make the heart leap and keep the blood pumping. They do this when they shock us with the 'near www.cwlmagazine.com

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Organic

food Should you make the switch?

Nicola chambers

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s organic food really better for you?

That’s the question. In this day of quick fixes, trendy diets and fanatical gym posts on Instagram, everyone and their best friend is looking for ways to be healthy. Organic food has been on the tip of our collective tongues for a while, but do you even know what qualifies as organic food?

Organic food is grown naturally without the use of pesticides, genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and fertilizers that are petroleum or sewage – sludge based.

Organic livestock must have access to the outdoors and be fed a similarly natural diet and not be injected with growth hormones or antibiotics. The aim of the organic food and livestock movement is to encourage soil and water conservation, and reduce the likelihood of pollutants contaminating the produce and surrounding areas.

Now, the real question is, does the exclusion of these additives and fertilizers really make for healthier foods?

N o t s u r p r i s i n g l y, t h e r e a r e environmental benefits gained with organic farming as documented by the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations. This type of farming eschews the harmful chemicals often used in traditional farming thus making the soil more habitable, ground water pollution less likely, and the transfer of pesticides from food to our bodies almost negligent. And if it is safer for the environment that means it is safer for us.

Proof that orgaNic is better Research shows that organic produce is significantly better for our bodies than conventionally farmed food.

According to a study done by Newcastle University, organic foods have a higher rate of antioxidants present versus non – organic foods. Plants produce antioxidants naturally to deter bugs; however, when pesticides are used, plants no longer need to do this, thus lowering the amount of antioxidants produced.

Antioxidants are especially beneficial as they prohibit the oxidization of cells which prevent them from becoming free radicals.

Free radicals are cells that can damage others and cause oxidative stress in the body which has been associated with heart disease, cancer and stroke amongst others.

Therefore, simply by farming better, we’re giving ourselves a better chance at a long and healthy life.

disadvaNtages of goiNg orgaNic There are disadvantages to making a switch to an organic diet. One being the price. On average, organic food is sold at a much higher cost than conventionally farmed produce thus escalating your household budget.

To make things worse, organic foods in the Jamaican market are often imported and cost twice as much as their local counterparts. And, while buying farm fresh ingredients from the market is an option there is no guarantee that those goods abide by the term ‘organic.’

So in the end, what does this all mean for your health and pocket? Organic food is better for you, nutritionally as well as environmentally. It is safer, healthier and grown with sustainability in mind, so it’s definitely worth the switch.

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Afro

JAMAICAN Herbology: PART 2

Liver Related Diseases and Colour Association Ben Tsedek Ben Yehuda

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In the previous issue of CWL we introduced you to the concept of "herbology"- how it came about, and how herbal treatments are chosen to treat the myriad illnesses and symptoms often experienced. In this issue, we will focus on cerassee and vervain and explain some of their uses in maintaining a healthy endocrine system.

COLOUR ASSOCIATION The colour green is associated with the liver and its pair organ the gall bladder.

Green is indicative of chlorophyll and iron which are essential purifiers and builders of the blood–primarily because one of the chief purposes of the liver is detoxification of the blood.

Chlorophyll also disinfects and it is an antiseptic as well.

CERASEE The yellow blossom of cerasee indicates that it possesses mineral qualities to address the pancreas and spleen: addressing digestive, nutritional and immune deficiencies – as in removing

inflammation, fungus, and free radicals.

It also indicates that i t is antispasmodic. Moreover, the plant possesses minerals that regenerate that particular organ.

Cerasee has a five star shape, indicating the presence of boron and silica. Its flavor is bitter symbolizing that it cleanses and purifies the blood. It also improves the production of bile to aid the liver in draining and drenching toxins and improve paralysis of bowel movement.

Cerasee has a subtle sweetness, inclusive of its fruits. This indicates that it possesses a quality of iron and complimentary glycoside that nourishes the stomach, the pancreas and spleen which in turn strengthens the immune system, brain, muscles and other structural integrity of the body.

CERASEE FRUIT Cerasee produces a red pod, bearing seeds with a gelatinous red sap. This specifies that it is a leguminous plant; meaning it is high in calcium chloride; hence very good for the heart, bones, etc. Red indicates the presence of cancer preventing minerals - such as iron, sulfur, selenium, and copper. In addition to free radical carotenoid; cerasee possesses a carotenoid known as lutein that protects the eyes by allowing them to process certain types of UV rays. Based upon the above characteristics of the plant we can say that cerasee’s mineral characteristics complement liver function.

While growing up I could remember Mother mixing cerasee with herbs like

vervain. I later learned that this was done to create a chemical balance. This is so as the bitter will drain and dry out the system, but vervain has qualities which regulate water metabolism.

Additionally, due to the liver’s government of the nervous system, oftentimes pathogens hide themselves in the estuary. Vervain builds and nourishes the nervous system, damaged by acidity, and parasites that invade the liver channel. Vervain also breaks up gall bladder stones which hinder the flow of bile thereby leading to constipation and indigestion among other factors. In essence, the combination of those two herbs addresses the organic system that is considered to be the work horse of the body, liver and kidney. If blue vervain is not available then one can use ganja in small amounts. Ganja possesses some of the same qualities of vervain.

However it is more potent in nourishing and regulation the endocrine system’s cancer fighting qualities. In addition, it is also antifungal, nourishes the brain and aids digestion, etc.

Remember, a radiant body is tied to proper function of the endocrine system. Again the word for herb in Hebrew is Asab. It means to shine and or radiate. This radiation corresponds with proper function of the administrative function of our endocrine to regulate all body functions inclusive of our digestion immunity and overall level of intellectual light processing ability, in the form of mineral balance. www.cwlmagazine.com

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errific

urmeric

NicolA chAMbeRs

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have shown that curcumin, the main active

urmeric–a spice that has been ingredient in turmeric, has improved the state around for centuries – has recently of animals suffering from depression in early trials. This lends credence to the idea seen a rebirth in mil ennial culture. clinical that it would also be beneficial for humans From lattes to cookies, turmeric is suffering from the disease as well. being added to everything because of Dye: Due to turmeric’s rich yellow/orange its distinctive colour, flavour and health colour it has been used traditionally as a dye for fabrics over the years. But did you know, benefits.

A staple from the subcontinent of India, turmeric has been used for years in the practice of Ayurvedic medicine (one of the world’s oldest medical systems that is still practiced in India).

Studies have confirmed that turmeric has many applications across a wide cross section of industries. From flavour to beauty, health and fashion, turmeric is an undoubtedly useful spice to have in your cabinet.

Here are just a few of its terrific applications:

Alzheimer’s Disease: This particular illness can be one of the scariest things a family can go through. To date, there is no known cure for this debilitating brain disease. However, as the saying goes, prevention is better than having to cure and current research is showing that turmeric has been found to be extremely useful in stopping some of the degeneration that causes Alzheimer’s, as well as proving to be useful for improving cognitive functions for those already suffering from the disease.

Depression: An increasingly common and still misunderstood disease, depression has touched the lives of millions often without their closet family and friends knowing. Depression affects a person’s mood often making them sad, irritable and showcasing a loss of interest in previously enjoyed activities. There is no guaranteed cure for depression which tends to require steady care and treatment. Recent studies however,

that it has been used to impart colour to other products? Cheeses, dairy products and beverages all benefit from the spices vibrant colour which is due to curcumin, the main pigment which it contains.

Face Mask: Natural skin care remedies have become increasingly popular and one of the latest to make waves is a turmeric face mask. Turmeric’s properties make it an ideal component in your facial care regimen as it brightens the skin, combats acne and eczema, and the marks left behind by them.

Rheumatoid Arthritis: Ayurvedic practitioners have been using the spice for years to aid those suffering from rheumatoid arthritis and research has shown that turmeric has properties that counteract the inflammation and pain caused by this condition.

These are just a few of the purported benefits of turmeric – an all-around beneficial spice.

CONDIMENTAL

CONJECTURE CONTINUES MELEISA WITTER

Thanks to the ongoing battering it tends to receive, one would be easily forgiven if he believes that the salt debate is long over and the forgone conclusion is that salt is bad for us.

News flash – it ain’t (necessarily) so!

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s recently as Salt Awareness Week – March 2016, the debate about whether too much or too little salt impacts our well-being continues with no end in sight and no consensus in the scientific community. So bad is the disparity in viewpoints, lines are being drawn and there are even hints of accusation of confirmation bias for select groups.

Francesco Cappuccio, Cephalon Professor of Cardiovascular Medicine & Epidemiology, University of Warwick and Ceu Mateus, Senior lecturer in Health Economics , Lancaster University in an interesting and eye opening article wrote: ‘Regarding salt consumption, the key seems to lie in moderation rather than very low levels of sodium intake. Indeed, low sodium intake may adversely affect certain risk factors, including blood lipids and insulin resistance, and so potentially increase the risk of heart disease and stroke.

For people with normal blood pressure there is no convincing evidence that a reduction in salt intake reduces cardiovascular disease – although there is some evidence of benefit for people with abnormally high blood pressure.

In observational studies, following people “eating as usual”, the results on cardiovascular disease and death seem to be better for people eating less salt. But it should be noted that people who are more concerned about salt in their diet are also more likely to eat more fresh food, less fat and less refined sugars, exercise more and smoke less. So the overall results are influenced by the healthy lifestyle and not solely by salt intake.’

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This, in my humble opinion, seems to be one of the more balanced statements encountered while doing my research for this article. Besides this however, most others weighing in on the debate are highly polarized – leaning high north or deep south regarding intake.

‘There's no doubt that eating too much sodium can cause high blood pressure," said Dr. Paul Whelton, a professor of global public health at Tulane University. 'A nd because sodium can cause high blood pressure, it's important to reduce sodium intake to cut heart disease risk…’ Whelton was the principal investigator on the recent Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT), which made news when it was abruptly cut short because the results were so significant. In the trial, the researchers found that reducing people's blood pressure with medication to 120 mm Hg or below, rather than aiming to reduce blood pressure to 140 mm Hg, significantly reduced people's risk of death during the study period.

On the opposite side of the debate stands Dr. Michael

Alderman, a distinguished university professor emeritus of epidemiology and population medicine at Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York City.

He disagrees with the idea that the amount of sodium Americans are eating is dangerous. In Alderman's view, the evidence linking dietary sodium and heart disease is weak. And, in fact, if people's sodium intake drops too low, they may actually face an increase in heart disease risk. Wow! There are evidently issues with the methodologies used in data collection which result in the lack of hard evidence to support either side to bring about a swift and unflinching conclusion. But in addition to that, there is the view that scientists are engaging confirmation biases both in the sources/information they cite and the viewpoints they hold. Regarding the diverse opinions, one Stanford University professor of medicine John Ionnadis was very blunt: “A wrong opinion is like an epidemic that is difficult to eradicate. But stronger evidence will hopefully help contain these epidemics of opinion.”

Nevertheless, the verdict is yet to be handed down and the debate continues.

Our suggestion–moderation in all things. A healthy lifestyle must extend beyond salt intake–whether too little or too much.

Sources: http://theconversation.com/the-great-salt-debate-does-consuming-less-really-save-lives-55056 https://psmag.com/an-echo-chamber-on-both-sides-of-the-salt-debate-313eaade5229#.pagl01sla http://www.livescience.com/52765-sodium-diet-blood-pressure-recommendations.html

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For the Love of

FOOD Tamara Bailey

From savoury to sweet- the array of succulent dishes that exist are too many to mention as chefs and foodies the world over, continually conceptualize and create delicious recipes. But how many of these meals are actually healthy? Eating foods that are good for you does not have to be a boring, dreaded task; it can be a worthwhile experience with a plus- extended life.

Here are some recipes that are bound to change your perspective on some foods. From raw-food meals to snacks and desserts, there’s always a healthy alternative.

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CURRIED PLANTAIN (Recipe provided by Fancy Fruits) Raw Food Option 1 ripe plantain Turmeric (as much as is needed) 1 stalk escallion ½ sweet pepper ½ tsp oregano 1 tbsp olive oil 1 tsp freshly squeezed lime juice Method Cut plantain in dices and then mash. Sprinkle turmeric, and then add finely chopped scallion, sweet pepper and oregano. Pour olive oil then lime juice and combine mixture.

Health Benefits - Turmeric maintains heart health by reducing cholesterol oxidation, atherosclerotic plaque buildup (causes strokes) and pro-inflammatory response.

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SESAME CHICKPEA DIP with Veggies (Recipe provided by National Heart Foundation) 400g can chickpeas, drained and rinsed 1 tbsp freshly squeezed lemon juice 1 tbsp olive oil ¼ cup low fat Greek yogurt 1 tbsp toasted sesame seeds Carrot sticks, celery sticks, cucumber and button mushroom to serve Method 1) Pat chickpeas dry with paper towel and discard any papery skins. Place chickpeas in a food processor with lemon juice and olive oil, process to a smooth paste.

2) Spoon the chickpeas mixture into a bowl, then add yogurt and sesame seeds and stir. Season with pepper, then cover the dip and refrigerate for at least 2 hours (overnight if time permits).

3) Serve chickpea dip with fresh vegetables. Health Benefits -Chickpeas lowers bad cholesterol and consists of folates that decrease the level of amino acid, homocysteine and strengthen the blood vessel. It also lowers the risk of a heart attack.

QUESADILLAS WITH AVOCADO & TOMATO TURKEY, MANGO & MACADAMIA Salsa (Recipe provided by National Heart Foundation) 125g tub low fat yogurt ¼ cup low fat mayonnaise (optional) ½ tsp dried chili flakes 1/3 cup coriander leaves, chopped 420g can four bean mix, drained and rinsed 1 red onion, halved, finely sliced 1 large mango diced 3 cups cooked sliced, skinless turkey ¾ cup macadamia nuts toasted 4 wholegrain bread rolls Method 1) Combine yogurt and mayonnaise in a bowl. Beat lightly until smooth. Stir in chili flakes, cover and refrigerate 2) Combine beans, onion and mango in a bowl. Add turkey. Toss gently. Divide between plates sprinkle with nuts and drizzle with olive oil 3) Serve with wholegrain bread rolls.

Health Benefits (The healthy fats in macadamia nuts reduce low density cholesterol or bad cholesterol)

Salsa

Salsa

1 avocado peeled, seeded and chopped 2 tomatoes finely chopped 1 Spanish onion peeled and sliced 125g can corn rinsed and drained 2 tbsp chopped coriander 2 tsp finely grated lemon rind 2 tbsp lemon juice

Quesadillas 2/3 cup reduced fat grated cheese 4 shallots, chopped 1 red capsicum chopped Black pepper for seasoning 4 large tortillas 1/3 cup light sour cream

Method 1) To make salsa combine all ingredients in a bowl. Cover and refrigerate while making quesadilla 2) Combine the cheese, shallots in a bowl. Season with pepper.

3) Place two of the tortillas on a board and divide the cheese mixture evenly between them. Spread filling nearly to the edges.

Place another tortilla over the filling and gently press down.

4) Heat a large non stick frying pan over medium heat and cook the tortillas on both sides. Turn over carefully. Cook until crispy and the filling is heated and the cheese begins to melt. Remove from pan.

Repeat with remaining quesadilla. Cut each quesadilla into six wedges. Serve with salsa and sour cream. Serves 6 Health benefits (Avocados are cholesterol- and sodium-free, and more than 50 percent of the fruit's fat content comes from monounsaturated fats)

Pelican

PICKS

INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS Process and Practices: A Caribbean Perspective You will be introduced to the industrial relations process, placed in historical and current perspectives. The book also examines the various influences (legal, management theories and attitudes) that helped to shape the industrial relations systems since the 1930s.

A must have in the libraries of anyone who engages the contracted services of others.

Author: Ashwell E. Thomas, PhD - $3,115

INTRODUCTION TO SOCIOLOGY1 Introduction to Sociology for Caribbean Students 1 is aimed at creatively engaging students while making the subject of Sociology relevant to their everyday lives. Georgia Crawford’s methodology has been tried, tested and proven in making students feel at ease while learning, which has resulted in numerous exam passes.

This book pulls from her unique teaching style and provides all the necessary information and tips students need in one place. The pages come alive with pictures and relevant examples that make reading and learning Caribbean Sociology interesting and fun. The past paper questions, sample essays and multiple choice exercises included ensure that students have access to all the knowledge necessary to be successful, without making studying and learning a daunting experience.

Author: Georgia Crawford - $3,200

INTERGRATED FOOD & NUTRITION SCIENCE

An integrated approach is used so that readers can readily see the connections between the scientific analysis and applications specific to their area of study as well as to others. For ease of study, the publication is divided into two books. Both books cover the full scope of issues and concerns related to food and nutrition that affect health and national development.

Author: Patricia Thompson - $4,500

LAS MAY’S CLASSIC EDITORIAL CARTOONS

Through his unique brand of wit and often biting satire, Las May has positioned himself as an important commentator on national matters. His body of work, accumulated over decades of ardent attention to current affairs, can stand alongside the best editorial cartoons produced anywhere in the world. The value of Las May’s cartoons rests heavily on his admirable ability to capture the feelings of the wider society. Readers often see their own views expressed in a Las May cartoon and this has, over the years, allowed Las to speak for the people on matters in which the people sometimes feel excluded.

- Garfield George Grandison; Editor-in-Chief, The Gleaner Author: Lascelles May - $2,500

THE MEASURE OF A DAD

If you ever wanted an earthly example of true love, real struggles, and the ultimate parenting story in a patriarchal setting you will certainly find it between these pages. Profound, deep, thrilling yet raw... real... unpretentious are just some of the adjectives which will readily come to mind when you read this epic masterpiece The Measure of a Dad. You will not question the authenticity of the writer or his story.

Author: H.E. Palmer - $1,250

The GOLD ANTHOLOGY

This anthology is a truly fitting follow-up to the Festival Literary Anthology first published by the Jamaica Cultural Development Commission (1987). It is a colourful presentation of gold medal-winning short stories that reflect the many scenes of old and new Jamaica. It was a pleasure to work on such a diverse range of story writing, which undoubtedly will be enjoyed by both the mature and younger generation readers.

Bena Nakawuki, Editor - $2,100 CONTRIBUTORS Rudolph Wallace Dionne Jackson Miller Verone Johnston Michael Reckord Claudette Beckford-Brady

A-Dziko Simba Nadine Tomlinson Charmaine Morris Rhonda Harrison Carroll Edwards

CAN SEX

? h t l a e H IMPROVE

Patrine Cameron

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Last year, I visited the Museum of Sex in Manhattan, New York to discover new information about sex. The exhibition hall featured toys, statues, items that enhance sexual pleasure and an extensive variety of books. While these objects were fascinating, it is important to note that there is much more to sex than just pleasure and orgasms; it extends far beyond the sheets, the staircase, the chandelier, etc. Sex is spiritual, it's mental, it’s physical and it has health benefits that are unknown to many - one of them being its effect on the heart, so let’s discuss!

The American Heart Association states that increasing physical activity by at least ten minutes per day can help reduce heart attacks and heart disease. Listed under the umbrella of physical activity is the act of sex- an average of 5-15 minutes of sex equates to walking a mile in 20 minutes as outlined by

Cleveland Clinic. The benefits are especially advantageous for men, the American Journal of Cardiology published a 2010 study which revealed that “Researchers have found that men who had sex at least twice a week were less likely to develop heart disease compared to men who had sex only once per month.”

The Telegraph also published an article noting that “men who indulge in regular lovemaking are 45 percent less likely to develop life threatening heart conditions.”

For both men and women, sexual activity enhances blood circulation, reduces anxiety, and facilitates a greater sense of well-being.

Olivia St. Claire in her book The Sex Devotional tells us that we should “make passion a daily habit, it's [as] important as moisturizing or eating a healthy breakfast; you can change the fabric of your

being.” She further mentions studies which purport that “passionate sensations create feelings of well-being, slows the aging process, boost the immune system, tone muscles and skin, and even builds brain power.”

Many of us are aware of the benefits of this God given pleasure; toys cannot suffice and twice a week is not enough for the heart. Make it a plan in your relationship to schedule sex if you must, so both you and your spouse can have a fuller life and healthier hearts. The benefits extend far beyond these few paragraphs.

Create your own heart healthy sexcapades…

Sources heart.org/TheTelegraph/Cleveland Clinic/WebMd Olivia St. Claire - The Sex Devotional: 365 Days of Passion, Positions, & Pure Pleasure www.cwlmagazine.com

37

The

Hard TruTH about

Vulnerability Sharlene hendrickS

I

f you’re anything like me, being vulnerable is something that is not easy to accept or even admit to, and certainly not something to embrace. The Latin derivative of vulnerability is the verb vulnerer, which means “to wound”. The English Oxford

defines vulnerability as being open to physical or emotional harm or wounding.

Considering that it’s our primary human instinct to self-preserve, it’s not hard to see why being vulnerable feels so counterintuitive and downright scary. Yet, there seems to be a paradoxical twist to this.

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came across the work of American public speaker Brené Brown, who is also a researcher and author of the book Wholehearted Living. In a Ted Talk video; she spoke about her social research on wholehearted living and what this consists of. In her interviews with persons she had found to be living wholeheartedly, i.e. they had a sense of worthiness and belonging, and connection, she found something they all had in common; something that another group of persons who were not living wholeheartedly didn’t have. And that fundamental thing was vulnerability.

Among the people who deeply accepted themselves, their flaws and inadequacies, they also embraced vulnerability as a necessity and prerequisite to living a fulfilling life.

Now, you might ask yourself, how can something that feels counterintuitive to human instinct, also be fundamental to human wellness? After all, human beings seem to be hardwired to minimize and, as much as possible, avoid pain and discomfort. And the hard truth is, there is nothing pleasurable about feeling vulnerable. Well, short of giving some elaborate explanation of how the human brain works, I will simply say that studies show that ignoring vulnerability can be just as, or even more damaging emotionally and otherwise than allowing it. And let’s face it, we’re all vulnerable! We have flaws and inadequacies that we would rather keep hidden, and we go out of way sometimes to hide our vulnerabilities. Separate from substance abuse that some use to numb and escape their realities, there are other social consequences of trying to appear invincible.Here is what happens when we do this:

The Effects of Ignoring Vulnerability 1. Disconnection Many times, we forfeit meaningful relationships we could have had because we fear rejection; we fear that if we are totally open about ourselves, that we could be betrayed or worse, not accepted for who we are. This sometimes leads to hiding some aspects of ourselves or giving wrong impressions.

And it doesn’t take a genius to realize that this only leads to dysfunctional or semi-fulfilling relationships.

2. Unfulfilled dreams A big part of why we feel vulnerable is that we can’t control how things around us will work out; the uncertainty of what

will or can happen, as opposed to how we wish it would happen. And when it comes to our dreams and goals, we try to control and predict all that should happen. It doesn’t always work that way, and it takes some amount of risk taking and vulnerability to try something different; such as a new strategy that may thrust you forward in the right direction.

3. Miss out on positive emotions By ignoring our vulnerabilities or negative emotions, we simultaneously close off ourselves to positive ones. Brown in said video explains this, “We can’t selectively numb emotion. You can’t numb these hard feelings [grief, shame, fear, disappointment…] without numbing other emotions. So when we numb those, we numb joy, we numb gratitude, we numb happiness. And then we are miserable and we are looking for purpose and meaning, and then we feel vulnerable. And so it becomes this dangerous cycle”.

4. Cause harm to others More than likely, if you ignore your own vulnerabilities, you will ignore the vulnerabilities of others around you, or pretend that you don’t care, or worse, become an actual apathetic narcissist, for want of a less PC (politically correct) term. If we can’t own up for our own shortcomings, or admit to messing up for fear of appearing incompetent, we are less likely to apologize and make amends with those affected by our actions. And this happens in all levels of relationship, whether public, professional or intimate.

The Heart of Vulnerability Brown ended her talk with four (4) tips for living wholeheartedly: 1. Letting yourself be deeply seen 2. Loving with your whole heart even when there are no guarantees 3. Practicing gratitude and joy 4. Believing that you are enough

Vulnerability might very well be the core of feeling weak, or fearful, or ashamed, but paradoxically, it is also the birthplace of growth, connection, self-acceptance and joy.

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the RewaRds of

ageing alicea James

The Rewards of Ageing is not a title that you see often! After all, the media insist on suggesting that you should fight the ageing process tooth and nail.

In movies, in the workplace, just in life it seems that the older you get the less useful you become. You are required to leave your job and ‘retire’ after a certain age, and if you happen to be in Hollywood you can expect those juicy roles to dry up (no pun intended).

So, in an attempt to slow down the ageing process we spend thousands on anti-ageing creams, workout 7 days a week and cram green juices and sunflower seeds down our throats. And if that doesn’t work there’s always Botox and plastic surgery to flatten the stomach and lift the butt. While there’s nothing wrong with doing things to achieve a better quality of life, we must accept the ageing process gracefully for it is only natural, and despite what anyone says there are many rewards to be had.

You Gain Wisdom Yes with age comes wisdom; you don’t get to live on this earth for a certain number of years without learning a thing or two. The older you get the more clearly you see yourself, other people and life in general. A study done at the University of Michigan presented “Dear Abby” letters to participants of different ages and asked them to give advice. The over-60 age group offered a wider variety of options showing different points of view, multiple resolutions and suggested compromise when compared with younger participants.

Brain Plasticity Despite earlier beliefs, science has proven that the brain continues to grow neurons as we age and can reshape itself in response to what it learns. Additionally, learning new things can cause positive brain changes in memory and hearing.

Higher Work Satisfaction The Associated Press & NORC Centre for Public Affairs conducted a study which found that 92% of workers aged 50 and above were more satisfied with their job than the under 30 participants. The idea is that by a certain age we’ve finally settled into the type of work that we deem satisfying and fulfilling.

Greater Self-Acceptance When you reach a certain age, you no longer require validation from others, whether in your career or personal life. After all these years you’ve finally learnt to value yourself, love yourself and accept yourself.

You know exactly who you are, and you feel free to portray just that, there is no facade; no smoke and mirrors, what you see is what you get.

Ageing is a natural progression of life, it happens whether we want it to or not. But ageing is not our biggest problem; it’s how we view ageing that is really setting us back. Let us view it as something positive and fulfilling; let us embrace it gracefully, for when we accept the things that we cannot change it is then we are blessed with the greatest rewards.

Sources: http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/what-is-so-good-about-growing-old-130839848/?noist http://gerontologist.oxfordjournals.org/content/19/2/220.abstract

we have a seriously negative stereotype of the 70s and beyond, and that stereotype is typically incorrect Karl Pillemer

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DESIGNING

Disabled for the

Dr. Herbert Lowe & Ollie Jones IV

Everyday people living with disabilities live lives of courage, hope and dignity. Along the way they teach the rest of us the true meaning of grace.

According to the United Nation human rights office there are 650 million people around the world living with disabilities; some are very visible and others are less obvious.

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For a very long time, persons with disabilities made up the world’s largest and most disadvantaged minority.

But thanks to a number of enlightened individuals and the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, the international community is responding to the long history of discrimination, exclusion and dehumanization of these people.The purpose of this article is to focus on what has been and is being done in the areas of design to facilitate the disabled individual and how these designs are helpful to the population at large.

THE TREND: Creating Awareness among Designers The trend in making products – and information – more accessible to those with any kind of disability is gathering momentum. Interestingly, seeking design solutions that meet the needs of the disabled results in a better overall design, benefitting both the able and disabled.

New terminology has been coined to describe inclusive design processes, such as accessible design, barrier-free design and assistive technology. Universal design is a relatively new approach that has emerged from these models and describes the design elements of buildings, products and environments that allow for the broadest range of users and applications.

DESIGNING FOR DISABLED CHILDREN Children with disabilities often have far fewer opportunities to play than other children, not only because their abilities are limited but because those limitations are barely, if at all, taken into consideration in play product design.

Institutional appearance, high cost and

low entertainment value are common drawbacks in products designed only for disabled children. Through programs such as, Let’s Play based at the University of Buffalo (New York), which collaborates with manufacturers to optimize universal features in toy design, children with disabilities can be included in the design process.

By expanding the ability- range of toys to include features that disabled children can master, (known as the from-able-to-disabled universal design approach) more children are able to benefit. On the other hand, the from-disabled-to-able approach can also broaden play options for children without disabilities. Therapeutic toys with greater play possibilities mean children without disabilities can also enjoy the entertaining elements of the toys while working on skill development. The larger production volume from a wider market, which would include all children, could also significantly lower product costs making the toys more affordable.

A major concern that parents of children with disabilities have is the accumulation of physical therapy www.cwlmagazine.com

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devices and durable medical equipment (DME) that take up limited space in the home. A company in South Florida, Janae Designs LLC, is currently developing an innovative, multi-use device that meets the needs of children and adults with various forms of disabilities and ambulatory issues.

Hope 4 Mobility Inc, also in South Florida, is developing workshops and resources to educate and empower parents to provide safer and accessible homes for their children.

DESIGNING FOR DISABLED ADULTS/SENIORS Demographic trends show that the over-60 age group will keep increasing to encompass an ever larger percentage of the population of Australia, Europe, Japan, the Caribbean and North America, with significant implications for the world of design. Objects and environments designed for the aging tended to look less appealing than other options on the market. But unaesthetic designs are not a necessary evil for older persons.

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Kitchens, for example, have been made accessible to people with disabilities associated with aging and yet look bright, modern and welcoming. The design team of German kitchen manufacturer, Alno created a kitchen for older customers by focusing on bringing kitchen units to the user, thus avoiding their having to bend over. The result is a fluid kitchen – My Way – that uses an electronically based tracking system to allow cabinets, appliances and even the sink to meet the user. With the push of a button, the kitchen countertop can be raised or the stovetop lowered to the height of a wheelchair. What’s more, it is convenient for people of all ages and heights.

playing field for all members of society and bringing more people into the arena where knowledge is shared and contacts are made.

DESIGNS IN COMMUNICATION Designing information systems is another area where the needs of the disabled are increasingly being taken into account. And with communication being the wave of the present (and future) it is vital that telecommunications and Internet services be made accessible to all users.

The good news is that considering the needs of the disabled will ultimately lead to designs that are safer, more flexible and more attractive for all consumers. We are hopefully working towards a world where design solutions are found for people of all degrees of ability.

EDUCATION Recent books on designing for the disabled shine a light on this evolution in the design world. Ergonomics for Children: Designing Products and Places for Toddlers to Teens, edited by Rani Lueder as well as professor Don Norman’s, The Design of Future Things are a few of the latest works. Norman says “The disabled are not just some small, disenfranchised group: they represent all of us. So the first step is education, awareness and empathy.”

Sources

Today we find telecommunications systems that take into account the needs of the hearing impaired might incorporate a captioned telephone facility – a system that uses speech recognition technology to convert an operator’s voice into text. How does this kind of environmental design yield benefits for those without disabilities? By providing a more level

Rani Lueder, “Expanding the Demographics of Human Factors” “A From-Disabled-to-Able Approach to the Universal Design of Children’s Play Products” Department of Industrial Design, Auburn University.

The Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI) www.cwlmagazine.com

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Unhealthy SUrveillance more Technology

less privacy Part 1

AnekA Mckenzie

The Daily ‘Plug-in’ Internet addiction has become as real as any other well-known substance abuse problem. Companies are just as addicted to gathering and analyzing information about us while we browse various websites. Google keeps track of everything we search for and uses the information to present us with advertisements most likely to grab our attention. For example, if you’re always looking for updates on your favourite band, the venue for their upcoming performance will likely be handed to you on a silver platter the next time you go online. But that is not all!

A smart phone can ping you, or a smart watch can be programmed to give you a small shock to the wrist before you engage in a bad habit. Ironically, this habit could even be checking social networking sites too often. Most of us never go anywhere without our phones; and this makes us vulnerable to hackers, who can track your movements by intercepting the special signals your smart phone emits.

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Unfortunately, susceptibility of your personal information to hackers is not limited to your PC. American retail giant Target provides a fairly recent example when its point of sale system was hacked and card information from 40 million accounts stolen in 2013. The theft of customers’ data such as names and credit or debit card numbers first occurred on black Friday, with reports of unauthorized ATM withdrawals soon to follow. Target subsequently provided free credit monitoring service to customers affected and banks limited the amount of cash that could be withdrawn from accounts. The information was stolen at the point of sale with the use of malware which the hackers installed in the company’s payment system.

hook, line anD Sinker ‘Catfished’- the term comes from the 2010 documentary ‘Catfish,’ which examined a deceitful online relationship, and the MTV show that followed. A catfish is an individual who pretends to be someone they are not on social media usually in pursuit of romantic relationships. This person takes on a fake identity then lures the unknowing victim into their trap, hook, line and sinker. The catfish doesn’t just stretch the truth about themselves; they actually steal someone else’s image from an online source and create a personality that would grab your attention, based on your likes, dislikes and whatever information you post about yourself online. The level of deception involved often depends on the technological tools at the catfish’s disposal and the lengths he/she is willing to go through to convince you. Understandably, the psychology of the catfish and that of others who lie about their identity online is of great importance.

Limiting the amount of information you post and avoiding going alone to meet online friends in person for the first time are just a few of the host of precautions needed to navigating social media.

Fast information and a way to stay connected to others tend to be at the forefront of what the latest technologies promise. Always realize that in using them, it’s most up to you to decide how much of your life you’ll choose to upload.

Read the upcoming issue of CWL for part 2 of Unhealthy Surveillance…

Research information courtesy of: http://money.cnn.com | www.experian.com | http://www.forbes.com

The protagonist is well known. His mind never stops working. He is known to be enterprising and his entrepreneurial endeavours have reaped success. He is known for his extraordinary contribution to civil service and nation building. He is known for his contribution to education and of course, he is one of Jamaica's eminent scientists. But even with all this, most have never encountered Henry Lowe, the person. The witty, thoughtful, self-built person whom we can only admire from a far off.

The Entrepreneurial Scientist is not a stuffy scientific book about a scientist who made profits from academicia – It does include some of that, but more so, it is an involving story of heart, hardships overcome and life lived passionately and fearlessly.

GeT your copy oF The enTrepreneurial

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MONEY WHEN

HURTS Literally THE CONNECTION BETWEEN STRESS & HEART PROBLEMS Clinton Gordon

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“

“

Finance related worry can cause undue stress and anxiety on the heart and lead to health issues such as depression and heart diseases.

Throughout daily activities, the heart is constantly at work and sometimes takes cues from our actions to supply different areas with vital services.

When we think about money, the heart is required to transport chemicals through the blood stream to the brain to help with the decision making processes.

”

The heart is designed to cope with the transportation of these chemicals, which are mostly triggered by emotions such as stress, fear and anxiety.

Despite the heart’s capabilities of supplying these various chemicals to the extremities, it should only do so in short intervals and not on a continued and frequent basis.

At any given time, the body is experiencing some form of stress, whether it is eustress (Eustress means beneficial stress - either psychological, physical (e.g. exercise) or biochemical/radiological (hormesis). The term was coined by endocrinologist Hans Selye, consisting of the Greek prefix eu- meaning "good", and stress,

literally meaning "good stress".), acute stress or chronic stress. Either of these may affect the body and the heart in a positive or negative way. This is evident when money and finances are added to the equation. Winning the lottery, inheriting money or receiving a huge commission will see the body experiencing acute stress, which is quite prevalent in situations of shock, pressure or anticipated demands.

Likewise, thinking about lifestyle conditions and retirement, ascertaining the next tuition or saving to purchase a home or car can trigger eustress, which fuels the drive to work harder and push for a desired outcome. [Whenever your goal is considered or visualized and you get that drive to work at achieving it.] Try not to cross over into episodic stress which is ceaseless worrying, and has been inadvertently linked to coronary heart disease through high blood pressure, diabetes and other health issues.

Chronic stress has developed a reputation of being dangerous and unhealthy, it is brought on by long exposures to negative and worrying factors like poverty, unfulfilled careers, fear of job loss, unproductivity or anxiety brought on by fear of ever present creditors. The financial fears and anxiety triggered by these responses may also be heightened by the knowledge that careless or reckless money management is the main cause. Chronic stress will remain as long as the financial woes are present and has been linked to a coroner’s list of items such as: • Heart Disease • High Blood pressure • High Cholesterol • Type ll Diabetes • Depression

The taxing effect caused by financial miscues and bad practices can trigger the stressors which lead to myriad health issues including heart disease and ultimately fatal outcomes.

Avoid making rash, hasty and reckless financial decisions. Take time to analyze options and try researching information that will support calmer, educated decisions. One of the best ways to avoid hiding from a debt collector is to avoid debt. Unless your life is dependent on you having it, chances are, it is not more important that repaying your mortgage (i.e. a new wardrobe or shoe collection and matching purse).

Identify what is important and what should be priority in your life. Using money from the retirement fund to acquire a high-end, luxury vehicle with an exorbitant loan repayment does not constitute a good investment.

Job loss due to redundancies and rising inflation are mostly unpredictable and should not be accepted as the beginning of the end. Consider adjusting your lifestyle by reducing expenses and sourcing complimentary goods to stretch your finances until a new source of income is attained.

Irresponsible financial decisions and bad money management can be classified as negligent behavior, affected by one’s own actions and choices.

Avoid being financially irresponsible; It may save your heart and your life.

Tip: Try not to get too excited as prolonged excitement and acute stress have been linked to dizziness and heart palpitations.

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Supporting your

COLLEAGUE WHO HAS LOST A LOVED ONE Kerene Walker

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IN CASE OF SUDDEN DEATH Your colleagues should be careful not to post anything on social media right away.

This would be a terrible way for family members who could not be immediately contacted to find out about the death of their loved one.

While some companies have set periods for bereavement leave, flexibility should be exercised where necessary because grief usually lasts longer than that.

Having lost my parents within four months of each other, the question of how to support your coworker who has lost a loved one is fresh on my mind. Both were elderly and sick for some time, and some of my coworkers were aware of this. Since it is our corporate culture, my colleagues shared their condolences through cards, books and prayer, and attended the funeral ceremonies. All this was encouraging and helped my grieving process, but not everyone experiences this. Handling grief in the workplace can be especially awkward because generally, the death of a loved one is really part of our personal lives. However, being so significant, it affects our professional lives as well. So is there a correct way to support a colleague who is grieving? What are some effective strategies?

Also, the company should contact the funeral home to find out what the appropriate observance would be since some religions or cultures may welcome floral tributes while others may not, or they may want cheerful colors to be worn at the funeral, or something else. If a charity is named, the company may also make a donation there. Coworkers should show their support by attending public mourning events so that the grieving colleague can look back and see the venue filled with people.

WHEN A COLLEAGUE’S LOVED ONE IS DIAGNOSED WITH A TERMINAL ILLNESS If you have been notified that a coworker’s loved one has a terminal illness, acknowledge this, even with a simple “I’m so sorry about that news.”

Do NOT offer your knowledge about someone who experienced the same illness. Simply recognize that your coworker is stressed and then take your cues from him or her. If you are especially close to your colleague or if requested, you may offer your knowledge about someone who had the illness and propose to find out which healthcare

providers they used. However, always take your cues from your colleague.

Respect his or her need for privacy.

Your colleague will need to spend more time with his or her loved one, you could offer to lighten his or her workload, and if especially close, offer to help with meals or other activities.

When the loved one passes, the company should follow the same guidelines for sudden deaths.

WHEN YOUR COLLEAGUE RETURNS TO WORK If you are seeing your colleague for the first time in a public setting, greet him or her by acknowledging the situation but don’t make it awkward. Rather, in a more private setting genuinely inquire how he or she is doing. Your colleague may respond glibly if he or she is suppressing feelings in order to create normalcy. Don’t be offended or press for a more detailed response. Simply accept the answer and move on. What is important is that you continually reach out. When you wish to communicate, instead of sending an email, call or drop by your colleague’s office. Invite him or her out to lunch or some other activity. Just don’t stop communicating, don’t ignore. Eventually, your colleague will join you again when he or she is ready.

There is no perfect way to support your colleague who has lost a loved one, but by following his or her cues, grieving will be easier.

Kerene Walker is the Chair of the Department of Medical Technology, Northern Caribbean University

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Emotional Support

Work at

Is this a Misnomer? tashIka WItter FrancIs

When the Boss Is Boss!

Work throughout the years has taken on this slavish mentality where many leaders come off as unapproachable and behave as stiff as their jackets. More emphasis is placed on mannerisms and profit than on the persons driving the profit and wearing the brand. Overtime nonetheless, some organizations are becoming more aware, and focusing on who matters.

Professional emotional support existed and continues to exist in a number of organizations today. There are organizations that provide wellness facilities and even onsite daycare for their employees who have children. A few organizations have special functions, take their workers on special trips and provide opportunities for rewarding workers and their family when they do an outstanding job. These initiatives not only boost workers' morale but they provide psychoemotional support for workers and help them feel comfortable in the place they spend most of their time.

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emotIonal support at Work

who are not encouraged and engaged, complain and perform below standard...

Despite wanting to keep work and personal issues separate- the lines often cross. When a coworker is stressed out, sad or depressed as a result of marital issues, death of a family member, financial woes or other upsetting conditions it will undoubtedly spill over in their work. Most noticeable might be a change in their attitude or even a decline in their productivity- a good manager often knows each coworkers personality and job capabilities and will notice if and when something is askew.

he knoWs hIs name!

The level of support at the workplace is often dependent on the relationship coworkers have with each other, the culture of the organization and the personality of the manager. If he or she is friendly and compassionate then the doors are often open for employees to share, and for the manager to be a friend.

It may be just providing a listening ear, giving advice, a hug or allowing an employee to take the day off to get their personal affairs in order.

When Work Doesn't Feel lIke Work!

An old adage goes: "Do something you love and you will never work a day in your life". This holds true for the workplace environment. Make a worker comfortable – providing it is within the organization's means and the worker adds value – and you will never worry about your brand and making profit. There are few organizations that truly value the psychological and emotional wellbeing of their workers and those which don't pay the price. Employees,

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and the customers can feel it.

A valued worker knows it! He gets in on time, tries to keep a good record and most importantly makes the customer feel special. He goes home and his family feels special because he isn't burnt out from work or undergoes undue stress.

He isn't in constant conflict with his boss and he doesn't feel belittled by threats of losing his job.

...Do something you love

and you will never work a day in your life.

I smiled a few days ago having observed a manager for a small resort interacting with not one but five of his staff members at different times. The firsthis life guard, who happens to also be his pickup person went like this: "Johnny morning; come here, I would like you to...do you remember the store... ok you have to go now man...thanks."

CARIBBEAN WELLNESS & LIFESTYLE MAGAZINE | ISSUE #34

The second his gardener and cleanup person; "Blake, we having a workshop and forty persons are left to come, but you have less than ten spaces in YOUR parking lot, how you going work that out." Blake gave solutions they agreed and he went to his next worker, then the other; calling them by first names and giving them ownership of whatever area they worked in. Additionally, they were able to make decisions that offer emotional support.

hoW can I Go? Emotional support extends beyond birthday wishes, condolences for lost family members and friends, anniversary drinks and Christmas get together or bonus in the work place. It is that everyday respect, opportunity to share input, provisions for growth, the 'I feel valued' moments, times of recognition and even those "what are you doing here today moments." It is even that one time the boss decided to show up at the hospital where a worker's child did surgery instead of sending a basket.

As unreal as the aforementioned bucket list sounds, it is a reality for some companies. Other organizations would do well to adopt even some; however, for those who do, the results are heart warming and workers struggle to leave, even if they get better offers or have to migrate. In fact, professional emotional support at work instead of being considered a misnomer; should be 'missed' no more. Every organization should adopt this practice of providing emotional support at work.

Identifying the Six Triggers of

Occupational

BURNOUT meleIsa WItter

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O

cc upat ion a l bu r nout is characterized by exhaustion, lack of ent husi a sm a nd motivation, feelings of ineffectiveness, and also may have the dimension of frustration or cynicism, and as a result reduced efficacy within the workplace.

The term burnout in psychology was coined by Herbert Freudenberger in his 1974 Staff burnout, presumably based on the 1960 novel A Burnt-Out Case

by Graham Greene, which describes a protagonist suffering from burnout.

Christina Maslach, in The Truth About Burnout, has identified six workplace based ‘mismatches’ which can trigger professional burnout.

1. Work overload In a shrinking economy, downsizing, budget cuts, layoffs, reorganization efforts, etc., tend to occur quite often and all usually result in people being required to do more with less. This can leave individuals exhausted.

2. lack of control Job satisfaction requires our being assured that we are competent in our jobs. Some of the factors which contribute to a sense of lack of control and efficacy include: insufficient

responsibility or autonomy, inadequate resources, conflict with personal beliefs or values and a sense of being buffeted by circumstances or powerful people within the organization. Ultimately, job satisfaction and control stems from that feeling that we’re in control of our tasks and their outcomes.

5. absence of faIrness Fairness – whether real or perceived can lead to feelings of being respected or treated reasonably in a situation.

The opposite is equally true. Some of the more common situations which can create a sense of unfairness include:

3. InsuffIcIent reWard

• Inequity in work distribution or pay

While monetary rewards are always appreciated, workplace rewards can involve anything that makes the day-to-day flow of work satisfying.

Gratifying the material/monetary, social and intrinsic aspects of an employee will result in a more holistic appreciation for the workspace. Reasonable remuneration, social acknowledgement and equitable treatment are all important aspects of proper rewards. If you’re lacking in any of these three areas, burnout is more likely to result.

• Cheating in the workplace

4. lack of communIty Team work, low levels of conflict and positive social interactions create a sense of community. According to Maslach: “People thrive in community and function best when they share praise, comfort, happiness, and humor with people they like and respect. In addition to emotional exchange and instrumental assistance, this kind of social support reaffirms a person’s membership in a group with a shared sense of values.”

• Inappropriate handling of promotions or evaluations • Poor dispute resolution practices

6. conflIctIng values When the actions of a company are not consistent with stated values, employees can become extremely frustrated and demoralized. This is especially so if their internal moral compass or core values are being assailed. If this is the consistent MO of the organization, then employees with a high sense of morality will be challenged and burnout will likely occur.

In the next issue of CWL, we will share some suggestions on how to treat with each situation to prevent or remedy burnout.

Stay tuned.

Sources: http://www.forbes.com/sites/johnrampton/2015/05/13/the-6-causes-of-professional-burnout-and-how-to-avoid-them/2/#6c4c0fb6600e www.cwlmagazine.com https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_burnout#cite_note-Cochrane1214-1 59

OFFICE

ROMANCE IN THE MODERN AGE WHY IT’S STILL A BAD IDEA! Alicea James

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Many people have a negative perception of interoffice romance. Yes, there are instances when office romances end in marriage; take U.S president Barack Obama and his wife Michelle Obama as prime examples. The two met in 1989 at a law firm where Barack worked as a summer associate and Michelle was his supervisor….fast forward to 2016 and they’ve been married for over 22 years with two children.

If only all interoffice relationships ended like this!

Interoffice relationships aren’t necessarily new, they have been going on for decades – But I suppose technology and social media has now made it impossible to keep secret. These types of relationships were once ‘frowned upon,’ now there are strict policies in many organizations forbidding the act, and more companies are following suit as the years go by. The Society for Human Resource Management, (SHRM) surveyed 380 HR professionals in 2003 and 20 percent of these respondents had such policies in place, however in a most recent survey the percentage increased to 42 percent. And, I suspect that this number will continue to grow, especially with the rise of sexual harassment lawsuits in the workplace – some I personally surmise are just interoffice relationships gone wrong!

WHY AN OFFICE ROMANCE-WHY? I often wonder why someone would choose to date a co-worker when there are so many other people, and so many other places to find love. Well, researchers believe there are three main reasons for doing same: love, ego, and job! This information was taken from a study done in 2009 and published in the Western Journal of Communication. The study found that within these inter-office relationships other employees believe that the women are motivated by the prospect of gaining a higher position at work- i.e. using the relationship to get ahead, while the men’s decision to engage in these relations are supposedly fuelled by love and ego.

NEGATIVES OF OFFICE ROMANCE Ego, love and job aside these types of relationships hold their share of cons.

FAVOURITISM www.cwlmagazine.com

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The minute you engage in any sort of romantic relationship with a colleague –especially if one party is higher up the ladder than the other, you can expect others in the office to scrutinize your every move for signs of favouritism. Areva Martin, managing partner of the law firm Martin & Martin LLP, said in “[these] situations there can be appearances of favouritism when it comes to work assignments and pay raises, which can negatively affect an entire office.” It just doesn’t seem fair to work hard, come in early every day and yet your co-worker gets a raise because she’s sleeping with the boss. No Bueno!

LEGAL IMPLICATIONS When the romance ends, things can get messy especially if the decision to terminate the relationship was one-sided. This can lead to claims of sexual harassment by the jilted party. And when there is gossip, rumours or negative remarks about the relationship, claims of harassment, bullying or even a hostile work environment can also be claimed.

EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE Inter-office relationships can affect performance whether the relationship is going good

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or not. Public displays of affection can be quite distracting for other co-workers, and are simply unprofessional in my opinion! One person may also become distracted whenever their partner comes around-or even worse when they see their partner talking to a colleague of the opposite sex.

All these aside, there is one repercussion that far outweighs them all TERMINATION! If your company has strict rules against inter-office romance and you still decide to go ahead, just know that you are putting yourself and your companion at risk for termination once word gets out. And, with todays advanced technology it’s really impossible to hide a relationship, no matter how discreet you think you’re being. So when it comes to my personal Do’s and Don’ts regarding inter-office romance, I have only on recommendation: JUST DON’T! Sources http://www.businessnewsdaily.com/ 5921-flirting-with-trouble-office-roma ncescan-prove-costly.html http://www.health24.com/Lifestyle/ Healthy-workplace/Work-behaviour/ The-dangers-of-office-romances20120721

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CWL

Wellness CROSSWORD

ACROSS

1. May have beneficial effects on neuro degenerative diseases which are characterized by progressive loss of the structure or function of brain cells (eg Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases).

2. Has been used to treat hepatitis due to its potent anti-viral action.

3. Encourages edema (which is a swelling caused by surgery or an injury), to go away faster 4. Has a very high concentration of chlorophyll, one of nature’s most powerful detoxifying agents.

5. A Chinese herb; an immune system booster which also helps the immune system identify rogue cells. Taking this herb when having radiotherapy doubled survival times.

6. Contains a type of acid called chlorogenic acid, which has been shown to help control blood sugar levels and allow cells to take up or release glucose (sugar) as needed.

7. Prevents premature signs of aging; beneficial to skin and hair 8. Has shown the ability to eradicate E. coli and salmonella.

DOWN

9. Has anti-angiogenic properties, meaning that they may help to prevent growing tumors from acquiring a blood supply, preventing those tumors from receiving the nutrients that would allow them to grow large.

10. A known immune system booster which has a reputation in treating colds. Research shows it helps with brain tumours apart from its abilities to increase the levels of certain immune white cells in the body.

11. Can help calm muscles, stop them from twitching, and reduces the pain associated with spasms and seizures.

12. Very high in fiber, which causes it to absorb up to 10-12 times their weight in water, becoming gel-like and expanding in your stomach.

13. Can reduce athletes’ heart rate and next-day muscle soreness due to abundant amino acid called L-citrulline, which the body converts to L-arginine, an essential amino acid that helps relax blood vessels and improve circulation.

14. Has been shown to speed up emptying of the stomach in people with Chronic indigestion (dyspepsia - usually caused by a delay in emptying the stomach).

15. Lowers risk of heart disease, improve blood levels of LDL, lower levels of oxidative stress in the bloodstream.

ACROSS: Cinnamon, Neem, Grapeseed, Spirulina, Astragalus, Moringa, Aloevera, Honey.

DOWN: Pomegranate, Echinacea, Marijuana, Chiaseeds, Watermelon, Ginger, Avocado.

ANSWERS www.cwlmagazine.com

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