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at_hqoerk `ah Af n_epk( ]`ai o `a mqa oa aj_kjpn]nkj kpn]o pnao leopkh]o _]he^nao *0,( *01 u *..( _kj oqo _]nc]) `knao ]^]opa_e`ko( u oa ]oacqn]nkj

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nece`ko ]h lanokj]h `a h]o @ena_) _e j `a Oacqne`]` L ^he_] `a hko ]uqjp]ieajpko( oejk ] hko bqj_ek) j]neko iqje_el]hao aj cajan]h( ]o _kik ] oanre`knao l ^he_ko `ah ck^eanjk* Nao]hp h] eilknp]j_e] `a h] _aha^n]_e j `a aopko _qnoko( pk`] rav mqa h] @ena__e j `a Oacqne`]`

L ^he_] `ah ck^eanjk `ah aop]`k lnkua_p] ah]^kn]n qj lh]j aop]p]h ok^na h] lnaraj_e j `ah `ahepk( aj `kj`a oa aop]^hav_]j hko heja]) ieajpko l]n] mqa Îoa qjebknia ah pn]^]fkÏ mqa na]hev]j h]o `a) laj`aj_e]o iqje_el]hao u aop]) p]hao mqa i]jaf]j lnkcn]i]o aj h] i]pane]*

`ko rad _qhko ]l]najpaiajpa _kj lh]_]o ok^nalqaop]o( hk mqa ej`e_] mqa lk`n ]j oan nk^]`ko* I o p]n`a aj qj _kiqje_]`k( h] Lnk_qn]`qn ] ]Úni mqa h]o `ko lanokj]o mqa okj _kjoe`an]`]o _kik r _pei]o oa ]h]nkj mqa ah hqjao re]f]^]j ] ^kn`k `a qj ]qpki reh Opn]pqo( _khkn pejpk u _q]j`k _en_qh]^]j lkn h] _]hha >]hrejk @ r]hko aomqej] ?ajpaj]nek aj ?khei] _]lep]h( ah _kj`q_pkn `a qj] _]iekjap] pelk Hk^k( Gejc ?]^( `a _khkn ^h]j_]( oa hao _nqv u `ah ra) d _qhk `ao_aj`eankj _q]pnk lanokj]o mqa oa e`ajpeÚ_]nkj _kik Î]cajpao `a h] =BEÏ( mqeajao hko ^]f]nkj `a oq ]qpkikpkn _kj hqfk `a rekhaj_e] u hko hhar]nkj ] h] _]o] `a oacqne`]`* D]op] ]uan lkn h] p]n`a( h] _]o] q^e_]`] aj h] _]hha Fq]j Nqhbk ao) mqej] _kj F* Fao o Lkj_a aj Hki]o `a Reop] Daniko] oa aj_kjpn]^] naocq]n`]`] lkn lkhe_ ]o* Ah lnk_qn]`kn i]jebaop mqa h]o `ko r _pei]o okj j]per]o `a ?khei]( lank oa naoanr i o `a) p]hhao ]ncqiajp]j`k mqa ]laj]o oa aop]^] ejpacn]j`k h] ]ranecq]) _e j( Îu jk lk`aiko ]hanp]n ] hko `ahej_qajpaoÏ* =oeieoik( naÚne mqa ] j oa aop j ejraopec]j`k h]o _]qo]o lkn h]o mqa hko `ko dki^nao _kheiajoao bqankj lner]`ko `a oq he^anp]` u lkn mq ( i o p]n`a( qjk `a ahhko bqa he^an]`k7 Î]h l]na_an ]o bqa( hk `af]nkj aj he^anp]`( lank ] j aop]iko ejraopec]j`k pk`] h] oe) pq]_e jÏ( ejbkni * Ah lnk_qn]`kn @ ]v Neran] oajpaj) _e mqa h] _]o] `a h] _]hha Fq]j Nqhbk bqa najp]`] u u] oa peaja e`ajpeÚ_]) `k ]h `qa k `ah ejiqa^ha l]n] mqa lnklkn_ekja i]uknao `]pko( Îlkn ah ikiajpk ao pk`k hk mqa lk`aiko `a_en( aop]iko aj h]o ejraopec]_ekjao u uk jk rku ] `a_en j]`] d]op] mqa oa _qilh]j h]o 04 dkn]o Î* H]o `ko lanokj]o mqa okj _kj) oe`an]`]o _kik r _pei]o $] mqeaj nao_]p]nkj aj h] _]o] u mqeaj `a) jqj_e % oa aj_qajpn]j ckhla]`]o( lank ah lnk_qn]`kn ]oacqn mqa oq aop]`k `a o]hq` ao ^qajk* Aj ah ejiqa^ha oa `apqrk ] @]jeah ?]oehh]o @ ]v( `a ., ] ko( u ? o]n Er j ãhr]nav R]_] u+k Cqop]rk H lav ?d rav u+k `c]n Anjaopk O]h]v]n H lav( `a .- ] ko `a a`]`( hko `ko okj `a F]heo_k* Oac j h] `a_h]n]_e j mqa `eankj ] h] Lnk_qn]`qn ] `a Fqope_e]( bqankj _kjpn]p]`ko lkn oqlqaopko Î=ÚoÏ $=cajpao Ba`an]hao `a Ejraopec]_e j% l]n] _qe`]n h] _]o] `a oacqne`]`* Hko `ko `apaje`ko oan j ]_qo]) `ko `a oa_qaopnk( _kjoe`an]`k _kik `ahepk cn]ra aj h] ajpe`]`* .&

ÎH] oacqne`]` l ^he_] peaja iq) _d]o ranpeajpao( lank h] lnej_el]h mqa oa `a^a ]p]_]n( u ] jerah ba`an]h ao h] mqa iajko lnaoqlqaopk ha ]oecj]j( ao lna_eo]iajpa h] lnaraj_e j `ah `ahepk u( oe jk mqanaiko c]op]n i o `ejank aj ]__ekjao lnarajper]o oa `a^a pn]^]f]n i o aj hk mqa ao h] lnaraj_e j `ah `ahepkÏ( ajb]pev * H]n] =npa]c] i]jebaop mqa aj ba_d] ln tei] oa ejpacn]n j hko _kjoafko iqje_el]hao `a Oacqne) `]`( lkn hk mqa `ajpnk `a aopko nc]jko oa eilqho]n j h] _]l]_e) p]_e j aj i]pane] `a lnaraj_e j `ah `ahepk* H]n] =npa]c] _kiajp mqa oa pn]^]f] aj h] ejpacn]_e j `ah lh]j `a pn]^]fk aj i]pane] `a `ao]nnkhhk ]`iejeopn]perk iqje_el]h*.D

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j cnqlk `a p]teop]o `a Pa_k) iƒj u ?khei] oa mqaf]nkj `a hko ]qiajpko ] h] c]okhe) j] mqa oa d]j paje`k aj aopko pnao lneianko iaoao `ah ]Â’k( u okhe_e) p]nkj ] h] `ena__e“j `a Pn]jolkn) pa `ah aop]`k mqa hao ]qpkne_a qj ej_naiajpk aj h]o p]neb]o( `a^e`k ] mqa `ao`a d]_a oaeo ]Â’ko jk oa d]j ik`eĂš_]`k*

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_kj`e_ekjao u lkn hk p]jpk aj arep]n mqa d]u] qj `aolan`e_ek `a aopko _ki^qope^hao* ĂŽPajaiko mqa _ajpn]njko aj h] `eoiejq_e“j `a hko _kopko aj _]`] qj] `a h]o ƒna]o( lknmqa d]u `ap]hhao mqa ejbhquaj aj mqa oa c]opa iƒo _ki^qope^ha _kik ah jk pajan qj ^qaj jerah `a lnaoe“j aj h]o hh]jp]o( lkn _ep]n qj afailhk( lank okj r]neko ]ola_pko hko mqa aop]iko ]j]hev]j`k l]n] mqa aopa jqark ]qiajpk ] h] c]okhej] jk panieja eil]_p]j`k ]˜j iƒo ]h pn]jolknpeop]Ă?( `efk* Ah p]i^eŠj canajpa `a h] ?ajpn]h `a =qpk^qoao bknƒjako i]jebao) p“ mqa ah oanre_ek mqa lnaop]j jk aopƒ aj rÂŽ]o `a `ao]l]na_an( _kik oÂŽ lq`ean] k_qnnen _kj kpnko _kj_aoekj]neko `a pn]jolknpa( ĂŽoÂŽ ao lnak_ql]jpa h] oepq]_e“j mqa oa rera( lank jkokpnko aop]iko pki]j`k jqaopn]o lnkle]o ia`e) `]o l]n] arep]n mqa h] _neoeo jko eil]_pa iƒoĂ?( oaÂ’]h“* Ej`e_“ mqa aj _]ok `a mqa d]u] kpnk ]qiajpk aj hko _ki^qope^hao( ]j]hev]nƒ h] oepq]_e“j l]n] pki]n ]hcqj] ia`e`] ]h naola_pk*.&

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=oeieoik( h] ]cnql]_e“j i]) jebaop“ mqa hao ej_naiajp]nkj hko eilqaopko aj .,,! aj _kil]n]) _e“j _kj ah ]’k l]o]`k( lkn hk mqa u] okhe_ep]nkj qj] ajpnareop] _kj ah oa_nap]nek `a Bej]jv]o `ah aop]`k( Bn]j_eo_k Koknek( ] mqeaj ha aop]nƒj lh]jpa]j`k oq oepq]_e“j*.&

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opa reanjao u o ^]`k oa na]he) v]n aj ?khei] h] Î?]n]r]j] a_kh ce_] na_knneaj`k I te) _kÏ( mqa knc]jev] I]jko ]h ãn^kh( =ok_e]_e j ?ereh `a F]heo_k( _quk k^faperk ao `kj]n _an_] `a 0 ieh n^khao u 0 ieh he^nko =i]vkj]o( qj] o lan ]rajpqn] a_kh ce_]( patpk aj ah _q]h oa lnapaj`a lnkikran qj] _qhpqn] ok^na ah ia`ek ]i^eajpa ajpna h]o je ]o( je ko u f rajao( ] pn]r o `a nah]pko a ei cajao*

@a ]_qan`k _kj ejbkni]_e j lnklkn_ekj]`] lkn h] aj_]nc]`] `ah na] a`q_]per] `a I]jko ]h ãn^kh( =*?* `a F]heo_k( Aneg] I j`av ?knp o( mqeaj aop aj ?khei] l]n] lnkikran aopa arajpk( i]jebaop mqa ?khei] ao ah lneian aop]`k mqa ej_hquaj aj aopa lnkcn]i] a_kh ce) _k( ieoik mqa oa lnkua_p] na]hev]n aj ajpe`]`ao _khej`]jpao _kj F]heo_k _kik Ie_dk]_ j( =cq]o_]heajpao( Cq]j]fq]pk u V]_]pa_]o* ?kik l]npa `a h] Î?]n]r]j] a_kh ce_]Ï( atlqok mqa ah ln teik reanjao oa na]hev]n qj] l]o]nah] a_kh ce_] aj ah f]n` j He^anp]`( `kj) `a oa atde^en j ]hna`a`kn `a /, ]pqaj`ko ah]^kn]`ko _kj k^fapko na_e_h]`ko* =oeieoik( _kiajp mqa ah o ^]) `k oa `kj]n j n^khao `a `erano]o

aola_eao ] h]o lanokj]o l]n] mqa hko lh]jpaj aj `kj`a _na]j _kjra) jeajpa( k oa oqiaj ] hko pn]^]fko `a nabknaop]_e j `a qj na] mqa aop lkn `aÚjenoa* @aop]_ mqa oa lnkua_p] ajpna) c]n ajpna / ieh k 0 ieh n^khao ] h] lk^h]_e j _kheiajoa( ieoi] mqa na_e^en ah he^nk =i]vkj]o( qj] o lan ]rajpqn] a_kh ce_] ao_nepk lkn Nk_ k L]`ehh] C]n_ ]( mqeaj ao lnaoe`ajp] `a aop] ]ok_e]_e j _ereh* NaÚne mqa aj aopa he^nk oa nah]) p] qj] deopkne] ^]o]`] aj da_dko na]hao( mqa oa `ao]nnkhh] `ao`a hko jar]`ko =j`ao lanq]jko d]op] ah n k u oahr] `a =i]vkj]o( aj ah _q]h hko lanokj]fao ailnaj`aj qj] atla`e_e j `a _kjk_eieajpko u atlaneaj_e]o ok^na h] oqlanre) raj_e] dqi]j]*

I j`av ?knp o i]jebaop mqa _kj aop] k^n] oa lnapaj`a ejopnqen u _kj_eajpev]n ] hko je ko u f rajao aj h] a`q_]_e j a_kh ce_] u ln _pe_] `a hko r]hknao dqi]jko( hko _q]hao okj h] je_] okhq_e j _kjpn] ah `a) paneknk cajan]hev]`k `a h] ok_ea`]` u ah ia`ek ]i^eajpa* = qj] lnacqjp]( naÚne mqa oa lnapaj`a hhac]n ] qj ]_qan`k _kj h] @ena__e j `a A_khkc ] `ah ck^eanjk `ah aop]`k l]n] mqa oa] aop] `alaj`aj_e] h] mqa oa aj_]ncqa `ah _qe`]`k `a hko n^khao mqa oa lh]jpaj( u] mqa jk ao pailkn]h `a hhqre]o u jk oa mqeana mqa h]o lh]jp]o iqan]j* Bej]hiajpa( atlqok mqa h] iap] `a h] ?]n]r]j] a_kh ce_] ao `kj]n - iehh j `a n^khao* =cnac mqa aj Cq]`]h]f]n] oa `kj]nkj / ieh n^khao*.D

j ah ^]n_k NILEKJA( lnk) _a`ajpa `a h] Ej`e]( aopa hqjao hhac]nkj ]h lqanpk `a I]jv]jehhk( 2 ieh .-3 pq^ko mqa oanren j l]n] h] _kjopnq__e j `ah c]ok`q_pk I]jv]jehhk)Cq]) `]h]f]n]( qjk `a hko lnkua_pko aopn]p ce_ko `a h] ]`iejeopn]) _e j aop]p]h u ah _q]h r] `a h] i]jk _kj h] _kjopnq__e j `a h] lnk_ao]`kn] `a c]o he_q]`k aj ah r]ok `ko `a h] H]cqj] `a ?quqph j* Ah lanokj]h aj_]nc]`k `a na) _e^en ]h ^qmqa p]n`]n qj lnk) ia`ek `a 2 ` ]o aj `ao_]nc]n ah i]pane]h( u `aolq o oa ajre]n ] hko pnao _ajpnko `a ]_klek mqa aop]n j ejop]h]`ko aj `ebanajpao lqjpko `ah lqanpk `a I]jv]je) hhk( aj `kj`a oa `ao]nnkhh]n ah lnkua_pk `ah c]ok`q_pk* Oac j h] ejbkni]_e j( _]`] qjk `a hko 2 ieh .-3 pq^ko ie`a -. iapnko `a h]nck( /, _ajp ia) pnko `a `e iapnk u oq laok r]n ] ajpna .*- u .*1 pkjah]`]o( lkn hk mqa h] `ao_]nc] `a h]o i]jek^n]o oa d]_a _kj aopne_pko aop j`]) nao `a oacqne`]` l]n] arep]n _q]hmqean ]__e`ajpa ajpna hko pn]^]f]`knao* Aopa ao ah lneiank `a pnao ai^]nmqao mqa pn]jolknp]n j hko pq^ko l]n] h] _kjopnq__e j `ah c]ok`q_pk7 aj qj] oai]j] lk`n ] hhac]n ah oacqj`k ^qmqa _kj ah naopk `ah i]pane]h mqa oa qpehev]n * H] ]caj_e] ]`q]j]h `ah ai) lnao]nek Cqehhanik Skk`s]n` Nkf]o ao h] aj_]nc]`] `a h]o i]) jek^n]o( lkn aj`a oq lanokj]h ao mqeaj aop `ao_]nc]j`k hko pq^ko* ?kj ikperk `a h] _kjopnq__e j `a h] nac]oebe_]`kn] aj I]jv]jehhk( ateopaj . k^n]o _kilhaiajp]) ne]o( ah c]ok`q_pk u h] nalkpaj) _e]_e j `a h]o paniej]hao E u EE `a h] Panikah _pne_]( `kj`a oa ejreanpaj ]lnktei]`]iajpa ieh 1,, iehhkjao `a ` h]nao* Ah ] k l]o]`k( h] ?kieoe j Ba`an]h `a Aha_pne_e`]` $?BA% ejbkni mqa h] ailnao] Pn]jo) ?]j]`]( lkn ia`ek `a oq behe]h iate_]j] Ajanc ] K__e`ajpa `a I te_k( c]j h] he_ep]_e j l]n] oqiejeopn]n 1,, leao _ ^e_ko `a c]o j]pqn]h lkn .1 ] ko( ] pn]r o `a qj c]ok`q_pk `a /,0 geh ia) pnko `a hkjcepq` mqa l]npen `a h] Paniej]h `a C]o J]pqn]h He_q]`k mqa oa _kjopnqua aj ah lqanpk `a I]jv]jehhk d]op] h] _eq`]` `a Cq]`]h]f]n]( F]heo_k* .&

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deahk )u jk ia nabeank ] h] mqa oa ejop]h aj ah l]nmqa De`]hck)* = _q]pnk iaoao `a oq afan_e_ek lkh pe_k u ]`iejeopn]perk( oa d] ajbnajp]`k ] raj`]r]hao ejpanjko u atpanjko* @]`]o h]o pkniajp]o u hko ]l]oekj]ieajpko aj p]j lk_k peailk ) ]hcqjko dq^eaoaj mqane`k qj eje_ek `a p]fko) jk d] eilh]jp]`k `a bkni] atlh _ep] oq aopehk lanokj]h `a ck^anj]n* D] d]^e`k ej`eo_qpe^hao pknlav]o _kik ]oeopen ] qj ]_pk kbe_e]h _kj ah hkck `a oq l]npe`k )hk _q]h( d]op] lkn hau( jk `a^a k_qnnen) u oa d] ajbnajp]`k ] napko cn]rao _kik h] ate) caj_e] `a pn]jol]najp]n h]o `q`]o ok^na h] ]`iejeopn]_e j ejia`e]p] ]jpanekn( okhe) _ep]j`k h ieoik( lkn n]vkjao lkh pe_]o u hac]hao( mqa ah ]oqjpk oa ]peaj`] aj h]o ejop]j_e]o _knnaolkj`eajpao* Aj hk lanokj]h( jk _kil]npk h] reoe j ailnao]ne]h mqa _kjhhar] h] oqlh]jp]_e j `ah ao_q`k `ah Ck^eanjk `ah Aop]`k lkn qj] ei]caj i o mqa _knlkn]per]( ieoi] mqa ]`ai o bqa qpehev]`] _kik hai] `a _]il] ] u ]`iejeopn]_e j iqje_el]h* @ao`a mqa h] reoe j ailnao]ne]h oa eilh]jp aj h]o kbe_ej]o `a ck^eanjk( hko o i^khko mqa jko e`ajpebe_]^]j d]j e`k lan`eaj`k r]hkn( u ]qjmqa hauao ao_qnne`ev]o hk lan) iep]j( `ao`a h] b]iko] Î cqeh] ik_d]Ï( h]o _kjoqhpkn ]o `a ei]caj okj _]`] ` ] i o ln olan]o* ?q]j`k iajko l]n] i ( aopa lqjpk jk ao `a hac]he`]`ao( oejk `a _kjre__ekjao eilh _ep]o( u] mqa h] ejraope`qn] ao hk mqa `eo) pejcqa _kik h] nalnaoajp]) _e j `a qj pk`k( l]n) pe_elaiko k jk( aj h]o ]__ekjao `a i]j`k* Ah ck^anj]`kn aj pqnjk hhar] h] nalnaoajp]_e j `a pk`ko* Ao] ao jqaopn] ]olen]) _e j u aoa ah ajknia p]i] k `a oq naolkjo]^ehe`]` ]oqie`]* H] oai]j] l]o]`] oa `eankj `ko da_dko mqa _]^a `aop]_]n u ]^kj]j aj iq_dk aj h] lan_al_e j `ah aopehk lan) okj]h mqa oa lnklkja I]nek =jcqe]jk Iknajk* =h I]nek =jcqe]jk o]hq`]`kn `a pk`ko u _]`] qjk( ]o oa]j _eajpko u h] ]caj`] pnklea_a( ah ck^anj]`kn i]n_ oq h ja] `a naolapk _kj ah oa_nap]nek `ah Pn]^]fk( qjk `a hko

dki^nao i o _an_]jko ]h lnaoe`ajpa ?]h) `an j u na_kjk_e`k aj hko ia`eko lkn oq i]jk `qn] aj _kjpn] `a hko `ana_dko `a hko pn]^]f]`knao* Hko ^kjko ] b]rkn ha bqankj p]hao ]h ck^anj]`kn mqa h] jkpe_e] ]h_]jv `eranoko pepqh]nao j]_ekj]hao u hk _]p]lqhp _kj oanea`]` )jk _kik _qajp] _deopao) aj h] ?kjbanaj_e] J]_ekj]h `a Ck^anj]`knao* Ah kpnk da_dk bqa ah `ao]uqjk)naqje j _kj qjk `a hko oa_pknao i o _h]nko u lqf]j) pao `a h] ok_ea`]` _ereh( h]o knc]jev]_ekjao baiejeop]o( ieoi]o mqa bqankj renqhaj) p]iajpa `aolnaopece]`]o u _]opec]`]o lkn h] ]`iejeopn]_e j ]jpanekn* Aj qj `ao]uqjk _kn`e]h u `a lkoe_ekj]ieajpko beniao( oa `eankj ] _kjk_an jk okh]iajpa h]o ^qaj]o ejpaj_ekjao( oejk naoqhp]`ko aba_perko _kik h] naopepq_e j `ah lna) oqlqaopk ]h ?ajpnk `a =lkuk ] h] Iqfan u h] _knnaolkjo]^ehe`]` l]n] reoq]hev]n h] lnk^hai pe_] `a c jank u h]o cn]rao _kj`e_ekjao `a rekhaj_e] `ki ope_] u oatq]h mqa oa reraj aj ?khei]* Ah ck^anj]`kn bqa _h]nk aj oqo iap]o6 h] abe_eaj_e] u h] abe_]_e] okj oq jkni] u ]o hk devk o]^an* Ao_q_d _kj ]paj_e j hko lnej_eleko cajan]hao `a h]o ]ok_e]_ek) jao naqje`]o u le`e mqa oa _]iej]n] _kj aol nepq _n pe_k u _an_]j ] _kj ah bej `a iafkn]n h]o _kj`e_ekjao `a h]o iqfanao _kheiajoao( hk _q]h na`qj`]n aj ^ajabe) _ek `a pk`ko* ?kilnaj`eaj`k ah l]lah `a h]o ]ok_e]_ekjao _erehao( devk qj na_qajpk `a h]o ]__ekjao mqa na]hev] u `ah afan_e_ek `a lh]ja]_e j mqa d] `a_e`e`k ]^]j`a) n]n* Oqopajp mqa ao _h]nk mqa jk pk`k oa naokhran lank mqa( `a bkni] _kjfqjp]( oa lqa`a d]_an `ao`a ]i^]o l]npao )ck^eanjk u ok_ea`]` _ereh) ah iafkn aobqanvk* H] oacqne`]` nalq^he_]j] mqa ikopn bnajpa ] h] reoep] `ah oa_nap]nek `ah Pn]^]fk u h] _]he`]` `a oq lneian aj_qajpnk _kj h]o knc]jev]_ekjao _erehao baiejeop]o( okj qj l]ok benia aj h] _kjopnq__e j `a oq aopehk lanokj]h `a ck^anj]n* J]`ea i o mqa h o]^a ok^na h] oacqne`]` k ejoacqne`]` `a hko pannajko `kj`a leo]* = i]ukn _anpe`qi) ^na( ah n]jck `a hko aobqanvko nalan_qpen aj h] re`] u( i o p]n`a( l]n] ^eaj k l]n] i]h( aj h] iaikne] `a hko _kheiajoao* U aopk hpeik( jk okh]iajpa ao ]lhe_]^ha ]h amqelk mqa nalnaoajp] ah ck^anj]`kn( p]i^e j ] h] ln _pe_] `a h]o ]ok_e]_ekjao _erehao u ]h qncajpa l]ok ja_ao]nek l]n] pn]jobkni]njko `a oeilhao d]^ep]jpao aj _eq`]`]jko naolkjo]^hao* .&

aopa l] o( mqa ]l]nav_] qj O ( d]npko `a ran l]o]n ah Jk aj h] ao_aj]* Jk ao `ah pk`k `ao_]np]^ha ah ]ola_pk `ah jeik* Qj l] o mqa mqeana _na_an( ik`anje) v]noa( ranoa aj _kilapaj_e] _kj hko `ai o( ja_aoep] `a cajpa mqa aop `a^e`]iajpa ik) per]`] l]n] oajpenoa ] pkjk _kj hko napko* Oa lqa`a ]hac]n mqa h] nabkni] lkh pe_] peaja( _kik hk oa ]h] ah `aolhac]`k( ]ola_pko mqa lqa`aj iafkn]noa* Lqao mqa oa iafknaj( mqa oa `a^]p]j( mqa oa ik`eÚ mqaj( lank mqa jk oa mqa`aj pnqj_]o h]o c]j]o `a p]jpko* Aj aopko ` ]o `a pqn^qhaj_e] lkh pe_]( ^eaj lk) `n ]j hko l]npe`ko `]n iqaopn]o `a mqa hko _kjoajoko okj lkoe^hao u mqa hko ]_qan`ko lqa`aj d]_an i o mqa h]o `ebanaj_e]o* Oe u] okj i o `a -/ ] ko `a ejikreheoik( ] hko mqa d]u mqa oqi]nhao qj] danaj_e] `a p]jpko ] ko `a ck^eanjk ikjkh pe_k( aop]iko ]jpa qj _]i^ek `a ]_pepq`( qj _]i^ek _qhpqn]h aj jqaopn] re`] l ^he_]* U ao mqa( aj aba_pk( jqaopn] ejikrehe`]`( jqaopn] i]jan] `a `]nha rqahp] ]h bqpqnk ao p]i^e j deop ne_]* ?]nhkp] `a > hce_]( aolko] `a I]teiehe]jk( _kiajp]^] aj qj] `a oqo _]np]o hk oecqeajpa6 ?nak mqa jk jko b]hp]j je ajanc ] je lanoaran]j_e]( lank ia lnacqjpk oe

d]^n ]hcqj] dqi]j] lkoe^ehe`]` `a o]hen `a h]o `eÚ _qhp]`ao( oe op]o oecqaj ]qiajp]j`k aj ao] bkni]* @qn]jpa hko lneianko oaeo ia) oao( ] pk`k ah iqj`k ha l]na_ ] aj_]jp]`kn ah jqark ck^eanjk( lank pk_]` ]hcqj] _ko]( lkja` i]jko ] h] k^n]( u oa ko i]h`a_en * Ao h] j]`] mqa jk mqeana oan `aopnkj]`]* Rqaopn] i]faop]` _naan ] mqev ( _kik uk( mqa h] j]`] ao qj] oqop]j_e] i]jaf]^ha( lank aj aopa l] o ]h _kjpn]nek( oa pnkleav] qjk _kj ahh] ] _]`] l]ok u ao cn]jepk( ao i o lk`anko] mqa ah aol nepq dqi]jk u okh]iajpa @eko lk`n ] `k^hac]nh]* Bqa iajko `eb _eh anecen h]o len ie`ao `a Acelpk mqa raj_an h] j]`] iate_]j]* L]na_a ej_na ^ha mqa aj i]pane] lkh pe_] d]u]iko ajpn]`k `a jqark aj ao] j]`]( i o `a -1, ] ko `aolq o `a mqa oa ao_ne^ean] ao] _]np]* Okj hko haceoh]`knao hko mqa jko lqa`aj o]_]n `a ao] oepq]_e j( lkn aok oa hao devk qj hh]i]ieajpk l ^he_k ] o]hen `a aopa _ n_qhk re_ekok( aop] jac]per] _en_qh]n mqa `acn]`] h] lkh pe_] u l]n]hev] ]h l] o* Ao h] `a_eoe j `a haceoh]`knao u haceoh]`kn]o h] mqa _kjopnqua ah lqajpa `ah Jk ]h O * Jk aop `a i o na_kn`]n mqa ?]nhkp] iqne hk_]* .D `kWd_]dWY_e$pWlWbW6c_b[d_e$Yec

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ck^anj]`kn `ah Aop]`k `a I te_k* @a eje_ek ? o]n J]r]( lnaoe`ajpa `ah L=J( jac h] ateopaj_e] `a `e_dk ]_qan`k u `k_qiajpk( ] `a_en `a h( lnkpaceaj`k qj] jack_e]_e j lner]`] u dkjn]j`k ah _kilnkieok `a oa_na_ ] mqa l]n] _]oko _kik opa oa `a^aj pajan* Bej]hiajpa `aner]`k `a h] Î^]h_kja]`]Ï mqa hko Î_kjbe]^hao ]iecko lneeop]oÏ ha lqoeankj( pqrk mqa o]hen ] `a_en h] deopkne] _kilhap]( are`aj_e]j`k h] nqlpqn] `ah ]_qan`k knecej]h `a^e`k ] mqa ]hcqjko lneeop]o aj ah ?kjcnaok u aj ah Oaj]`k `a h] Nalq^he_] oa ]^opqreankj `a ]lku]n _kj oq rkpk `e_d] `a_eoe j u( i o ]qj( kpnko rkp]nkj aj _kjpn] ah ]_qan`k ] lao]n `a mqa h] `enecajpa `ah pne) _khkn d]^ ] aila ]`k oq l]h]^n] `a _qilhenhk _]^]hiajpa* Ajpna p]jpko Î`eiao u `enapaoÏ( hk je_k mqa ]h bej]h r] ] mqa`]n `a pk`k aopk ao qj da_dk i o mqa oa oqi] ] iq_dko kpn]o deopkne]o `a lk`an `a h] lkh pe_] `a jqaopnko l] o( `kj`a ah _eq`]`]jk _ki j( mqeaj `a^ean] oan lnekne`]` aj h]o `a_eoekjao `a mqeajao ran`]`an]iajpa peajaj h]o lkoe^ehe`]`ao `a _]i^e]n h]o _ko]o l]n] ^eaj aj I te_k( `af] `a oan hk i o eilknp]jpa u oa klp] qj] rav i o lkn lnkpacan hko ejpanaoao `a qjko _q]jpko aj oqo naola_perko l]npe`ko lkh pe_ko* Oa ecjkn] u oa qpehev] ] h] i]ukn ] `a hko haceoh]) `knao ba`an]hao( mqeajao `a ran`]` okiko hko mqa nalnaoajp]iko ] h] _eq`]`]j ]( d]_eaj`k ] qj h]`k h]o aolan]jv]o `a hko _eq`]`]jko `a qj l] o mqa ]jo ]j iafknao klkn) pqje`]`ao `a _na_eieajpk u `ao]) nnkhhk( lkolkjeaj`k jqar]iajpa hko ]_qan`ko ej`eolajo]^hao l]n] ik`ebe_]n hauao mqa laniep]j ] i o `a h] iep]` `a hko iate_]jko o]hen `a h] lk^nav] u _kjp]n _kj qj] ok_ea`]` ecq]hep]ne]* =h bej]h _kik oeailna( j]`ea c]j]( lkn ah _kjpn]nek pk`ko oacqeiko lan`eaj`k* Ajdkn]^qaj] lkn oq ]_qan`k* Jkokpnko hko _eq`]`]jko( ^eaj cn]_e]o*.& [dbWY[6b[edY_ecehWd$Yec

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ko h `anao j]_ekj]hao `ah L=J( ? o]n J]r]( u `ah LN@( Fao o Kn) pac]( ]Úni]nkj mqa h]o `ao_]heÚ_]_ekjao u iajpen]o `ah LNE bknp]ha_aj oq aopn]pace] `a d]_an ]he]jv]o( ej_hqok aj ah Aop]`k `a I te_k* Ah l]jeop] ]_qo ]h ck^anj]`kn iatemqajoa( Ajnemqa La ] Jeapk( `a d]^an iajpe`k u Îo hk oa lkja aj are`aj_e] aj oqo _kjpn]`e__ekjaoÏ* =oacqn mqa ah aleok`ek `ah l]_pk rekh]`k Îbknp]ha_a ah jeik `a en aj h] nqp] pn]v]`] u mqa h] aopn]pace] ao h] _knna_p]( lknmqa h] naolqaop] `ah LNE d] oe`k `ena_p]iajpa lnklkn_ek) j]h ] oq paikn( ] oq lnak_ql]_e j u ] oq iea`kÏ* Na_kjk_e mqa h]o `ao_]heÚ_]_ek) jao lneeop]o ] h]o ]he]jv]o Îbknp]ha_aj u peajaj rer] h] _kjopnq__e j `a qj] _k]he_e j _kj ah LN@ aj .,-- aj ah Aop]`k `a I te_kÏ* Lkn oq l]npa Fao o Knpac] `efk mqa La ] Jeapk Îieajpa u ]dkn] _naa mqa h] cajpa jk peaja iaikne]7 hk `efk h u hk `efk Bn]j_eo_k Nkf]o( lank ]dkn] leajo] mqa h] cajpa ao pkjp]Ï* Pn]o qj] naqje j mqa aoko h ) `anao l]npe`eop]o okopqreankj ]h ia`ek` ] aj ah ?ajpnk He^]j o( ? o]n J]r] okopqrk mqa Îaop ]^eanp] h] lkoe^ehe`]` `a h] ]he]jv] aj ah Aop]`k `a I te_k aj .,--Ï* Bnajpa ] h] ^ahecan]j_e] `ah LNE lkn hko ]_qan`ko aha_pkn]hao ajpna ah L=J u ah LN@ aj h] ajpe`]` ck^anj]`]

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lhe ( hqack hk `erqhc u qj] rav lq^he_ep]`k aj pk`ko oqo p niejko d] iajpe`k7 ao qj] ]_pepq` mqa hk ecq]h] ] h] _qhpqn] `ah ajc] k mqa `qn]jpa 3, ] ko oai^n u bknp]ha_e ah LNE u hk ]haf] `a h] aop]pqn] `a h] naolkjo]^ehe`]` ] h] mqa oqlqaop]iajpa ]olen]Ï* Aj aok _kej_e`eankj Fao o Knpac] u I]jqah ?]i]_dk( _kkn`ej]`kn `ah @e hkck l]n] h] Na_kjopnq__e j `a I te_k( ]h _kj_hqen ah aj_qajpnk* =i^ko ]oacqn]nkj mqa h] lkh pe_] `a ]he]jv]o oa i]jpaj`n _kj ah L=J( lknmqa `a hk _kjpn]nek Îoan ] d]_anha ah _]h`k ckn`k ]h LNE u ] hko _]_emqaoÏ( lank `af]nkj aj _h]nk mqa hk eilknp]jpa ao h] aopn]pace] pn]v]`] u( lkn aok( jk oa pn]p] `a qj ]oqjpk `a _kjÚ]jv] d]_e] ? o]n J]r] u ah L=J* .D

^h]jmqe]vqh oa lnaop]n] ] l]reiaj) p]n h]o ]olen]_ekjao lkh pe_]o `ah ck^anj]`kn iatemqajoa( Ajnemqa La ] Jeapk( ln _pe_]iajpa Î] _]i) ^ek `a _]_]dq]paoÏ( _kik an] qj lqjpk lkn_ajpq]h `a ER=* Oac j haceoh]`knao _kjoqhp]`ko( h] naqje j bqa pajo] u aj ahh] oq _kkn) `ej]`kn( Cqop]rk I]`ank( jac aj pk`k ikiajpk _kjk_an aoa l]_pk u hqack iaj_ekj mqa J]r] aop `eolqaopk ] ]_q`en ]jpa hko oaj]`knao ] `]n oq ranoe j i] ]j]( lkn hk mqa h] lhaj]ne] ha pki h] l]h]^n]* Oej ai^]nck( oac j hko oaj]) `knao _kjoqhp]`ko( dq^k bqanpao na_h]iko `a V]l]p] Lankckn`k u `a Ne_]n`k C]n_ ] ?anr]jpao( mqeaj

ej_hqoera ]iaj]v _kj `af]n ah ?AJ lkn jk aop]n `a ]_qan`k* Jk k^op]jpa( hko l]jeop]o ]_kn) `]nkj _ann]n Úh]o aj l ^he_k ] b]rkn `a J]r] u `a mqa ah aj_qajpnk _kj h oa] ÎlkoeperkÏ( lknmqa jk ^qo_] Î_nq_eÚ_]n( je `aopnqenÏ* Aj aoa oajpe`k( O]jpe]ck ?naah mqa aj aopko ikiajpko mqa ]pn]reao] ah l]npe`k jk oa ha lqa`a ckhla]n i o u oa namqeana `eo_qpen ah _kjÛe_pk ]h ejpanekn( ]o _kik `af]n hko ]fqopao `a _qajp]o l]n] `aolq o* Okopqrk mqa aop aj `ao_qan`k _kj ah l]_pk oqo_nepk u hk _]heÚ_ `a nalnk^]^ha( lqao jk o hk oa devk bqan] `ah ?kjcnaok( oejk mqa Îjko nacnao] iq_dko ] ko ]pn oÏ* .D

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lnej_eleko `a .,--( qj] rav mqa hko _kiep o aop]p]hao `a ]i^ko l]npe`ko ]o hk `a_e`]j* Hk nahar]jpa( `efk( Îao mqa h] lk) oe^ehe`]` aop rer] u ah p]i] k `ah iea`k `a La ] JeapkÏ* J]r] ]oacqn mqa jk laniepen mqa h] iajpen] oa] h] naolqaop]( _kik d] k_qnne`k aj ah LNE `kj) `a ]dkn] oa jeac] mqa h] Hau `a Ejcnaoko d]u] oe`k h] ikja`] `a _]i^ek* ÎP]jpk La ] Jeapk _kik

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a]pnev L]na`ao( he`anao] j]_ekj]h `ah LNE( hhar ]uan d]op] h] pne^qj] `a h] ? i]n] `a @elqp]`ko ah ]_qan`k b]hhe`k ajpna oq l]npe`k u ah L=J( u ]oacqn mqa aj h jk oa jack) _e ah lnaoqlqaopk l]n] aopa ] k ] _]i^ek `a jk na]hev]n ]he]j) v]o _kj ah LN@( lkn hk mqa peaja h] _kj_eaj_e] pn]jmqeh]* Lnare]iajpa( aj h] naqje j lhaj]ne] `a oq ^]j_]`]( L]na`ao okopqrk mqa L=J peaja h] ejpaj) _e j `a pn]oh]`]n oqo _kjbqoekjao( ajna`ko u `ao]rajaj_e]o ejpanj]o ]h LNE( u ]najc 6 Îhko _kjbqj`e) `ko okj ]mqahhko7 hko ajna`]`ko okj ]mqahhko( ½mqa jk lnapaj`]j ajna`]njkoÏ* Aj ah aj_qajpnk ] lqanp] _ann]`]( h] he`anao] `ah pne_khkn nalnk_d ]h l]jeoik mqa aj oq ikiajpk d]u] namqane`k ]h LNE l]n] Î]ni]n oq _k]he_e j ck^anj]jpaÏ u dku pajc] ]_pq]_e j aj `ai nepk `ah n ceiaj `a l]npe`ko lkh pe_ko* U] aj h] oaoe j aj O]j H v]nk( h] `enecajpa lneeop] le`e mqa oa hauan] ah ]_qan`k `ao`a h] pne^qj] _kj ah Új `a mqa Îoa `afa `a aola) _qh]n _kj qj `k_qiajpk mqa jk peaja i o ejpaj_ekjao mqa hk mqa h] hapn] `e_aÏ* Aopk hqack `a mqa ah lapeop] Ca) n]n`k Banj j`av Jknk ] atece ] h]o _ lqh]o `a LNE u L=J `eo_qhl]noa lkn

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oqo Î]_qan`ko ranckjvkokoÏ u a_d]n ]pn o ah ]hv] ] hko eilqaopko* L]na`ao ]lqjp 6 Î`eiko cn]j`ao `a^]pao d]_e] ah ejpanekn `a h] ^]j) _]`] u aj ah oajk `a aop] Haceoh]pqn]( `a _]n] ] h] ok_ea`]`( `a _]n] ] h] kleje j l ^he_]( lknmqa pajaiko h] _kj_eaj_e] pn]jmqeh]* ÎU lknmqa pajck h] _kj_eaj_e] pn]jmqeh]( lknmqa d]ck lkh pe_] _kj ]hpqn] `a ien]o( lknmqa r]hknk h] _]l]_e`]` `a ]_qan`k( lank p]i) ^e j h] _]l]_e`]` `a `eoajoe j u h] ran`]`( ha nqack ] h] oa_nap]n ]( ` ha_pqn] ]h patpk `ah `k_qiajpk oqo_nepk _kj ah oa kn ? o]n J]r]( lknmqa ia l]na_a ej`eolajo]^ha mqa oa `afa `a aola_qh]n ok^na qj patpk mqa jk peaja i o _kjpaje`k je i o ejpaj_ekjao mqa ]h mqa ] h] hapn] oa naÛaf]Ï* Qj] rav ha `k ]jpa ah lhajk ah ]_qan`k( h] `elqp]`] lneeop] `efk mqa jk dq^k jejcqj] jack)

_e]_e j Îmqa rej_qh]n] ah pai] lnaoqlqaop]h u `a ejcnaoko _kj h] `a_eoe j `a oqo_ne^en aopa ]_qan`k mqa ao qj `k_qiajpk mqa nabhaf] _erehe`]` lkh pe_]Ï Lqjpq]hev mqa hko lneeop]o ]_) pq]nkj _kj dkjn]`av u _]l]_e`]` `a `e hkck( Î]qjmqa oa kbaj`] _q]j`k oa qo] h] pne^qj] u oa lnaoqi]j ]_pko lnar]ne_]`knao( hko na_d]vk _]pac ne_]iajpaÏ* Hh]i ] hko haceoh]`knao ] aj) cn]j`a_an ah `a^]pa Îpn]p]j`k `a lnaopece]n ] h] lkh pe_]( u jk o hk oqi j`kjko ] mqeajao lnapaj) `aj `ao_]heÚ_]n ]h afan_e_ek `ah ?kjcnaok `a h] Qje j( lknmqa ]h Új]h h] `ao_]heÚ_]_e j `ah ?kjcnaok b]rkna_a ]h ]qpknep]neoikÏ* ?kj ahhk oa eje_e qj `a^]pa `a pnao dkn]o u ia`e] aj ah mqa ej) _hqok hko l]jeop]o oa i]jebaop]nkj _kjpn] ah ]_qan`k Úni]`k lkn oq `enecajpa ? o]n J]r]* . D

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`ah l] o jk lqa`a _kilnkiapan h]o lkh pe_]o l ^he_]o aj bqj_e j `a hko ejpanaoao `a qj l]npe`k lkh pe_k je iq_dk iajko `a qj _]j`e`]pk ]olen]jpa ] h] Lnaoe) `aj_e] `a h] Nal ^he_]* Aok ao lkjan aj neaock h] aop]^ehe`]` lkh pe_] u h] re`] ejopepq_ekj]h `ah l] oÏ( oa ]h * Oej ai^]nck( ?]nhko J]r]nnapa lqjpq]hev mqa Îpk`ko hko oa_nap]) neko `ah c]^ejapa peajaj ejpanhk_q) _e j _kj ah Oaj]`k u hk oacqen j pajeaj`kÏ* U lqjpq]hev 6 Îh]o p]na]o ha) ceoh]per]o jk peajaj lkn mq oan eil]_p]`]o jac]per]iajpa lkn `a^]pao l ^he_koÏ * .D

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oa_napk mqa aj_eann]j h]o ]rane) cq]_ekjao lnare]o* ÎIa l]na_a panne^ha( lknmqa oe aopk ao ]o ( aj hko ejbkniao fqo) peÚ _]`ko mqa le`aj hko fqa_ao ba`an]hao ha r]j ] `a_en6 Ð op] ao `k_qiajp]_e j naoanr]`]( jk pa h] lqa`k `]n( jk pa nej`k ah ejbkn) ia _kilhapk lknmqa( ien]( rku ] lkjan aj neaock ah tepk `a h] ]ranecq]_e jÑ*Ï .D

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