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j h] najkr]_e j ejpanj] mqa _kj_hqen ah iao `a ]ckopk _kj h] aha__e j `ah jqark `enecaj) pa aop]p]h `ah L=J( jk l]npe_el]n j mqeajao pn]e_ekj]nkj ]h l]npe`k aj h] aha__e j l]o]`]( u] mqa bqankj atlqh) o]`]o ]hna`a`kn `a -5, lanokj]o mqa oa aj_kjpn]^]j aj ao] oepq]_e j*
Ej`en] Rev_] jk p]i^e j naepan oq ]lkuk l]n] mqa `ao`a h] _ i]n] `a `elqp]`ko oa ]oecja lnaoqlqaopk l]n] hko pn]^]f]`knao fq^eh]`ko `ah i]ceopanek( Îaj hk lanokj]h aopku `eolqaop] ] `]nhao pk`k ah ]lkuk mqa ja_aoepajÏ( atlnao * Hakj_ek Ikn j bqa mqeaj lqok ah ]_ajpk `a h] naqje j( ]h iaj_ekj]n mqa jk _kjb ] aj ah ck^eanjk aop]p]h( Îlknmqa oe I]nek =jcqe]jk pqrean] h] rkhqjp]` u] dq^ean] ej_hqe`k aj ah lnaoqlqaopk hko na_qnoko l]n] ]paj`an ] hko pn]^]f]`knao fq^eh]`koÏ* .D
nabkni] ]h ]_pq]h oeopai] `a lajoekjao* Ah `ena_perk na_kn` mqa d]u l] oao `kj`a hko ailha]`ko oa lajoekj]j d]op] mqa _qilh]j 2, ] ko `a a`]`( ej`alaj`eajpaiajpa `a hko ] ko `a oanre_e mqa pajc]j( Îu ]mq oa `a^an ] `a ^qo_]n qj
aomqai] l]na_e`kÏ7 hqack naÚne mqa aj ?khei] d]u lanokj]o mqa oa fq^eh]j k lajoekj]j iqu f ra) jao( Îu aop j aj oq `ana_dk ]o ( hk laniepa h] hau( lkn aok `a^aiko `a ^qo_]n qj] nabkni]Ï( naÚne * ? o]n ?a^]hhko i]jebaop mqa h] `ena__e j mqa `eneca d] paje`k ]hcqjko lnk^hai]o Új]j_eanko mqa d]j d]hh]`k okhq_e j( u atlhe_ mqa pk`ko hko oanre_eko mqa lnaop] h] @ena__e j `a Lajoekjao ?erehao d]j lk`e`k oan kpknc]`ko* =oeieoik( i]jebaop mqa pk`ko hko ]uqjp]ieajpko q knc]jeoiko `ao_ajpn]hev]`ko `a ck^eanjk peajaj ]`aq`ko _kj aop] @ena__e j `a Laj) oekjao( lank ]Úni mqa jejcqjk `a ahhko peaja ]pn]oko cn]rao mqa lkj) c]j aj lahecnk h]o lajoekjao `a hko pn]^]f]`knao `a `e_dko hqc]nao*
ÎHk mqa o pajaiko _h]nk ao mqa oa `a^a nabkni]n ah oeopai] lajoek) j]nek l]n] mqa opa pajc] i]ukn he^anp]`( i]ukn Ûqe`av u i]ukn bkni] `a ajbnajp]n aj ah bqpqnkÅ _q]hmqean lnk^hai] mqa oa lnaoajpa lkn i o cn]j`a mqa oa]* D]u p]i^e j lajoekjao mqa okj ]hp]o( lank ]o hk oa ]h] h] hau( u ao hk mqa `a^aiko `a ]j]hev]nÏ( `efk* Lkn hpeik( ? o]n ?a^]hhko ej`e) _ mqa( aj h]o ln tei]o oai]j]o( ah oa_nap]nek `a =`iejeopn]_e j( T]rean Kh`ai^kqnc ?a^]hhko( ajpnac]n ]h Afa_qperk aop]p]h ah ]j heoeo mqa oa devk aj _q]jpk ] h] oepq]_e j `a h]o lajoekjao u fq^eh]_ekjao aj h] ajpe`]`( u _kj ^]oa aj aoa aopq`ek oa `a^an j _kiajv]n h]o h]^knao `a nabkni] ] h] hau*.D
jk oa d]j lnaoajp]`k ej_e`ajpao7 Îaop]iko oeaj`k iqu _qe`]`koko l]n] mqa pk`]o h]o aha__ekjao o]hc]j iqu ^eaj( aj ^ajaÚ_ek `a h] bknp]hav] `a =__e j J]_ekj]hÏ( ]ncqiajp * Ajoacqe`]( na_kn` mqa oq `ene) caj_e] _kiajv ( hqack `ah lnk_aok aha_perk `ah .,,5( qj lnk_aok `a `alqn]_e j `a iehep]jpao mqa Îbqa) nkj `aoha]hao ]h L=JÏ( Î_kj_hqeiko aoa lnk_aok aj `e_eai^na u ] h] ba_d]( pk`]o ao]o lanokj]o u] jk oa aj_qajpn]j aj ah l]npe`kÏ* @ap]hh mqa bqankj atlqho]`ko i o `a -5, l]jeop]o e`ajpeÚ_]`ko _kik pn]e`knao( Îajpkj_ao aj aopa lnk_aok ejpanjk o hk aop]iko l]n)
pe_el]j`k hko iehep]jpao e`ajpeÚ_]) `ko lhaj]iajpa _kj hko k^faperko a e`akhkc ] `a jqaopnk l]npe`kÏ* I o ]`ah]jpa( ah h `an ^h]jmqe]) vqh na_kn` mqa oan aj ah iao `a ]^neh _q]j`k oa]j aha_pko hko jqarko `enecajpao iqje_el]hao7 Îu] bqa najkr]`k ah _kiep aj Pa_ki j( mqa`]j laj`eajpao ?kmqei]ph j( I]jv]jehhk( Rehh] `a ãhr]nav( ?q]q) dp ik_( ?ki]h] u Iej]peph jÏ* Atlhe_ mqa aj h] ieoi] ]o]i) ^ha] `a _]`] qjk `a aoko iqje_e) leko( p]i^e j oa `aÚjen j h]o lnk) lqaop]o `a hko iehep]jpao( mqeajao _kjpaj`an j lkn qj _]nck aj ah _kjoafk aop]p]h l]jeop]( i teik
nc]jk `a ck^eanjk `ah l]jeoik _kheiajoa* =cnac mqa ah ., `a i]uk( aj qj] ]o]i^ha] aop]p]h oan j aha_pko hko 20 _kjoafanko aop]p]hao u hko jqara _kjoafanko j]_ekj]hao* ÎU] aj qj] oacqj`] ap]l] `qn]jpa ah iao `a ]ckopk( ah _kjoafk aop]p]h u] ejop]h]) `k `a^an ahacen ]h jqark `enecajpa aop]p]h `a jqaopnk l]npe`kÏ* U ]mq bqa p]f]jpa ]h oa ]h]n mqa ] lao]n `a mqa hko aop]pqpko laniepaj h] naaha__e j( jk ha ejpanao] lnkhkjc]n oq `enecaj_e]( Îjk pajck ao] iap]( oejk mqa aopa lnk_a`eieajpk o]hc] ]`ah]jpa l]n] mqa =__e j J]_ekj]h o]hc] bknp]ha_e`kÏ( _kj_hqu *.D
Ah h `an `a hko fq^eh]`ko i]je) baop mqa l]n] _q^nen h]o atecaj) _e]o `a hko lnkbaoknao fq^eh]`ko oa namqeana qj pkp]h `a -- iehhkjao `a laoko( k_dk mqa oan ]j ]lknp]) `ko lkn ah ck^eanjk ba`an]h u pnao i o lkn ah ck^eanjk aop]p]h( Î_kj aok ^]op]n ] lknmqa ]_alp]iko ah ^knn j u _qajp] jqar]Ï* Oa ]h mqa h] _kieoe j ejpa) cn]`] lkn I]nek =jcqe]jk `a^a kbna_an naoqhp]`ko( Îlknmqa pa)
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e_kh o ?kjpnan]o ?knp o( `elqp]`k ejpacn]jpa `a h] bn]__e j `a Jqar] =he]jv] aj ah ?kjcnaok `ah Aop]`k( oa lnk) jqj_e ] b]rkn `a mqa ah pannajk `ah I]j_d j )_ ha^na lkn lnkrk_]n h] `eolqp] ajpna ah ck^eanjk aop]p]h u oqo klkoepknao) nacnaoa ] h] lnklea`]` `ah ]uqjp]ieajpk `a ?khei]* @ao`a ah l]o]`k reanjao( hko `elqp]`ko hk_]hao ]lnk^]nkj na) rk_]n h] `kj]_e j mqa Ck^eanjk `ah Aop]`k d]^ ] na]hev]`k ] hko ailnao]neko bkn jako `a Lqanp] `a Deannk( _kj h] Új]he`]` `a mqa aj aoa lna`ek oa _kjopnquan] qj] _h je_] lner]`]* H] naejpacn]_e j ]h l]pneikjek aop]p]h `ah pannajk `a -4 da_p na]o q^e_]`k ]h oqn `a h] _eq`]` lnk) rk_ qj aj_kjpnkj]vk `a h]o `ko bn]__ekjao i o jqianko]o aj ah ?kjcnaok `ah Aop]`k $LNE u L=J%(
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aop]n ] `a ]_qan`k _kj ah pannajk `ah I]j_d j nacnaoa ] oq `qa k knecej]h( ao `a_en ]h ]uqjp]ieajpk `a ?khei]( qj] rav mqa hko ailnao]neko bkn jako `aoeopeankj `a _kjopnqen qj] _h je_] aj aoa hqc]n* Ah lnkbaokn `elqp]`k `af ^eaj _h]nk mqa h aop `a ]_qan`k aj mqa hko ejranoekjeop]o aj_qajpnaj b]_ehe`]`ao aj ah aop]`k `a ?khei]( Îlank jk ] qj _kopk p]j ]hpk( `]`k mqa hko ailnao]neko oa aop j `]j`k _qajp] mqa `a^aiko naokhran iq) _dko ajpqanpko mqa `af h] ]jpanekn ]`iejeopn]_e jÏ( `efk* Lkn hk p]jpk( ej`e_ mqa `a ajpn]`] ah pannajk `a^a nacnao]n ]h iqje_elek( Îia l]na_a mqa ah ck^anj]`kn I]nek =jcqe]jk hk lqa`a d]_an oej jejc j lnk^ha) i] u oacqn]iajpa _kjp]n _kj ah naol]h`k `a pk`ko hko ejpacn]jpao `a h] HRE Haceoh]pqn]Ï( naÚne * Naola_pk ] h] qpehe`]` mqa lk`n ] `]noa ]h pannajk `ah I]j_d j( Je) _kh o ?kjpnan]o atlnao mqa aok u] _knnaolkj`an ] ] h]o ]qpkne`]`ao( Îlknmqa ]o _kik h] Bqj`]_e j P]pk peaja h] ja_aoe`]`( p]i^e j ateopaj iq_d]o kpn]o knc]jev]) _ekjao _kj h]o ieoi]o _]naj_e]oÏ( Új]hev ah haceoh]`kn*.D
`a_eoe j aj _]ok `a mqa oa `eo) _qp] jqar]iajpa h] re]^ehe`]` `a `e_dk lnkua_pk* @a h] Ikn] > f]n i]jebaop mqa pk`]o h]o ejpacn]jpao `ah Ejopepqpk ?kheiajoa `a h] Iqfan _kjb ]j aj h]
naolkjo]^ehe`]` `a hko `elqp]`ko( ok^na pk`k mqa opko je_]iajpa oa `af]n j ejÛqaj_e]n lkn h] ej) bkni]_e j Ú`a`ecj] _kj h] mqa _qajp]j( u jk lkn ]hcqj] _naaj_e] k lkn h] `aoejbkni]_e j*.D
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jpacn]jpao `a h] ]ok_e]_e j _ereh =he]jv] Fkraj lkn h] @a) ik_n]_e] hhar]n j i]aopnko u lanokj]h _]l]_ep]`k ] r]neko ]h^ancqao `a h] ajpe`]`( _kj h] Új]he`]` `a kbna_an ]oaokn ]o `a nacqh]nev]_e j u bknp]ha_eieajpk a`q_]perk ] hko iajknao* Hk ]jpanekn _kik l]npa `a h]o ]_pere`]`ao mqa na]hev] `e_d] kn) c]jev]_e j ejpacn]`] lkn f rajao _kheiajoao aj hko iqje_eleko `a ?khei]( ?ki]h]( ?kmqei]ph j( =n) ian ]( Pa_ki j a Etph]dq]_ j( d]op] `kj`a hhar]n j `eranoko oanre_eko u ]lkuko* La`nk Lqajpa Rah vmqav( lnaoe`ajpa aop]p]h `a =he]jv] Fkraj( ejbkni mqa na]hev]n j reoep]o ] _]o]o dkc]nao u ]oehko `a ]j_e]jko( `kj`a ajpnac]n j `aolajo]o na_kha_p]`]o lnare]) iajpa( ]`ai o `a mqa kbna_an j `eranoko oanre_eko ] aoko oa_pknao `a h] lk^h]_e j*
@ap]hh mqa i] ]j] _kiajv]n j oqo na_knne`ko aj h] ?]o] Dkc]n Je k Oancek( `kj`a f rajao i]ao) pnko ]`dane`ko ] ao] ]cnql]_e j ^nej`]n j ]oaokn ]o ] hko je ko mqa ajbnajp]j ]hc j lnk^hai] `a ]lnaj`ev]fa( _kj h] Új]he`]` `a ]lku]nhko aj oq ejopnq__e j a`q_]per]* Ah h `an fqrajeh atlhe_ mqa ao] ]_pere`]` h] aop]n j na]hev]j`k pk) `ko hko i]npao `a oaeo ] oeapa `a h] p]n`a( Î]qjmqa ateopa h] ejmqeapq` `a mqa aopa ^ajaÚ_ek hk lk`]iko hhar]n ] kpn]o _]o]o dkc]nao( lkn) mqa aop]iko _kj_eajpao `a mqa hko je ko namqeanaj `a qj bknp]) ha_eieajpk a`q_]perk aj ]hcqj]o i]pane]oÏ* La`nk Lqajpa atlhe_ mqa =he]jv] Fkraj lkn h] @aik_n]_e] L]npe_el]per] ao qj] knc]jev]_e j `a _]n _pan _ereh mqa ^qo_] ejrkhq) _n]n ] hko f rajao aj h]o `a_eoekjao lkh pe_]o( Îl]n] d]_an r]han oq rkv u rkpk aj qj iqj`k _]`] rav i o _kilapeperkÏ* Ej`e_ mqa _kik qj] knc]jev]) _e j lhqn]h( lnapaj`aj bkiajp]n ah pn]^]fk aj amqelk Îl]n] oepq]njko _kik caopknao `a `ao]nnkhhk ok_e]h `ajpnk `a jqaopn]o _kiqje`]`ao( lnkikreaj`k `a aop] i]jan] h] `aik_n]_e] l]npe_el]per]Ï*.D
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`qn]jpa hko hpeiko `eav ] ko _k) hk_] ] I te_k aj h] `eouqjper] `a _kjpejq]n aj ao] ejan_e] k pki]n aj oanek h] kl_e j `ah `ao]nnkhhk( aopeiqh]j`k ] h]o ailnao]o iate_]) j]o l]n] mqa cajanaj ejjkr]_e j u nemqav]( lnk`q__e j( lnk`q_pere`]`( _kilapepere`]` u ailhak* Aj aoa oajpe`k u qj] oai]j] `aolq o `ah aj_kjpnkj]vk LNE)L=J aj h] ? i]n] `a @elqp]`ko lkn ah hh]i]`k ]_qan`k ]jpe]he]jv]o( Nkf]o lqjpq]hev 6 ÎH] _kjbqoe j mqa lnar]ha_a aj ah ck^eanjk ba`an]h ]_na_eajp] ah hap]nck a_kj ie_k u `a oacqne`]` mqa atlaneiajp] jqaopnk l] o u( ok^na pk`k( eile`a hko _kjoajoko ej) `eolajo]^hao l]n] eilqho]n iq_d]o
`a pk`ko hko ]olen]jpao* L]na`ao N]jcah atlnao mqa Îaj dkjkn ] h] nah]_e j ] af] mqa jko qja _kj hko Fk]mq j u hko ]olen]j) pao mqejp]j]nnkajoao( aolank mqa lnar]hav_] i]`qnav aj pk`koÏ* H] `enecajpa j]_ekj]h `ah LNE oa ]h oq `ao_kjÚ]jv] aj ah lnaoe) `ajpa `ah L=J ] lk_k i o `a qj] oai]j] `a d]^anoa da_dk l ^he_k qj l]_pk ajpna ]i^ko l]npe`ko ah ] k l]o]`k l]n] mqa ah LNE ]lku]n] h] nabkni] Úo_]h lnklqaop] lkn ah lnaoe`ajpa Bahela ?]h`an j ] _]i^ek `a jk d]_an ]he]jv]o _kj kpnko l]npe`ko( ok^na pk`k aj ah Aop]`k `a I te_k* .D
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7hh_XW [b fheYkhWZeh =h Ú hk `a h]o -- `a h] i] ]j] `a aopa hqjao ]nne^ ] ?eq`]` Fq nav ah lnk_qn]`kn cajan]h `a h] Nal ) ^he_]( =npqnk ?d rav ?d rav( l]n] oqlanreo]n h]o laomqeo]o eje_e]`]o lkn h] Lnk_qn]`qn ] Cajan]h `a Fqope_e] `a ?dedq]dq]* @a i]jan] ^nara( ah bqj_ekj]nek ba`an]h `efk ] oq hhac]`] ]h =ank) lqanpk Ejpanj]_ekj]h =^n]d]i
] j jk d]u ej`e_eko _h]nko ok^na oe hko ]p]_]jpao ^qo_]^]j i]p]n atlnao]iajpa ] h]o r _pei]o* =h iajko -,, b]iehe]nao `a ailha]`ko `ah _kjoqh]) `k aj ?eq`]` Fq nav lqa`aj k^pajan ]qpknev]_e j l]n] en ] Aop]`ko Qje`ko( `efk ?nkshau( ]qjmqa jk o]^a ] j _q jpko d]^ ]j `a_e`e`k enoa* ?nkshau _kjÚ ni mqa jk dq^k qj] ]iaj]v] k oq_aok aola_ Ú _k mqa hhar]n] ] ]qpknev]n h] o]he`] `a hko b]iehe]nao( oejk qj] lnak_ql]_e j cajan]h ok^na h]o _]`] rav i o lna_]ne]o _kj`e_ekjao `a oacqne`]`* MWi^_d]jed3/PUJNFY
Ckjv hav mqa h]o ]qpkne`]`ao `a hko pnao jerahao `a ck^eanjk oa aj) _qajpn]j ]rk_]`]o l]n] ao_h]na_an opko u kpnko dkie_e`eko k_qnne`ko aj h] qn^a bnkjpanev]* ?d rav hhac ]_kil] ]`k `a Bn]j_eo_k Ikhej] Nqev( oq^lnk_q) n]`kn cajan]h `a ?kjpnkh Nacek) j]h `a Lnk_a`eieajpko Laj]hao u =il]nk( u na_kjk_e Í]jpao `a reoep]n ] h] cq]nje_e j iehep]n `a aop] hk_]he`]`Í mqa h] _eq`]`]j ] iana_a naoqhp]`ko aj ah _ki^]pa ] h]o knc]jev]_ekjao _neiej]hao* H] LCN l]npe_el]n aj aopa _]ok( l]n] hk _q]h ]^ne qj] ]ranecq]_e j lnare] l]n]hah] ] h] mqa na]hev] h] Lnk_qn]`qn ] `a ?dedq]dq]*
Ah rk_ank `a h] `alaj`aj_e]( Ne_]n`k ?* J fan]( aj_]nc]`k `a na]hev]n ah ]jqj_ek( ]_h]n mqa aj aop] laomqeo] ah B>E o hk ]lknp]n ejbkni]_e j l]n] ao_h]na_an ah _]ok( lank jk na]hev]n h]^knao `a ej) raopec]_e j aj oqahk iate_]jk* ÎAop ]lknp]j`k ejbkni]_e j mqa peaja u j]`] i o* Jk aop]n j ejraopec]j`k `a i]jan] `ena_p]( lknmqa ao] naolkjo]^ehe`]` ao `a h]o ]qpkne`]`ao iate_]j]o( p]jpk `a h] Lnk_qn]`qn ] `a ?dedq]dq] _kik `a h] LCN7 oq ejpanraj_e j je_]iajpa ao l]n] ]lknp]n ejbkn) i]_e j mqa lqa`] _k]`uqr]n ] h] hk_]hev]_e j `a hko naolkjo]^haoÏ `ah pnelha dkie_e`ek( oa ]h *
Ej`e_ mqa h] ]ranecq]_e j lnare] mqa ]^ne lkn ao aopa _]ok mqa` naceopn]`] _kj ah j iank LCN+?DED+FQ=+254+.,-,)ER)=( aj h] _q]h oa oqopajp]n j h]o lao) mqeo]o mqa na]he_aj hko lanepko p]jpk `a h] ejopepq_e j ba`an]h( _kik h]o ejraopec]_ekjao mqa hharaj ] _]^k h]o ]qpkne`]`ao `a ?dedq]dq]* Iega D]iian( rk_ank `ah ?kjoafk `a Oacqne`]` J]_ekj]h `ah l] o ra_ejk( ejbkni ah l]) o]`k `kiejck mqa oq ck^eanjk pn]^]f]n Îej_]jo]^haiajpaÏ _kj I te_k Îl]n] hhar]n ]jpa h] fqope_e]Ï ] hko ]oaoejko `a hko bqj_ekj]neko rej_qh]`ko _kj ah _kjoqh]`k `a Aop]`ko Qje`ko aj ?eq`]` Fq nav* =oeieoik( `efk mqa ah lnaoe`ajpa >]n]_g K^]i] oa `a_h]n Îej`ecj]) `kÏ lkn ah _neiaj u kbna_e pk`] h] _kh]^kn]_e j ] h]o ]qpkne`]`ao j]) _ekj]hao l]n] ao_h]na_an ah _]ok* = n] v `a aoko oq_aoko( ah @a) l]np]iajpk `a Aop]`k aiepe qj] ]hanp] `a re]fao l]n] oqo _eq`]`]) jko mqa reraj k reoep]j pannepknek j]_ekj]h( u _kjÚ ni mqa hko b]) iehe]nao `a hko ailha]`ko `a oaeo _kjoqh]`ko bnkjpanevko lqa`aj o]hen `a I te_k ] l]npen `a aop] oai]j]* .D 9ed _d\ehcWY_ d Z[ @kWd @ei =WhY W 7cWhe" HkX d Ceiie" 7F o Dej_c[n
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aj ah Baoper]h `a F]vv `a IkjpnaqtĂ?* H] ail]pÂ&#x17D;] ajpna Le]vvkhh] u >qnpkj an] are`ajpa( lqao ej_hqok oecqeankj kpn]o cen]o( lank oq _kh]^kn]_eÂ&#x201C;j bqa _knp]`] lkn h] iqanpa `ah ^]j`kjakjeop]* Ă&#x17D;Oej ai^]nck( d]op] h] ba_d] ia oeck naqjeaj`k _kj oqo iÂ&#x2DC;oe_ko _]`] _ej_k ]Â&#x2019;ko k ]hck ]oÂ&#x17D; l]n] d]_an cen]o k cn]^]n qj `eo_k* ÂźMqÂ&#x160; oe ]ik ah p]jck; Hk mqa ]lnaj`Â&#x17D; `a =opkn( u hk mqa ]lnaj`Â&#x17D; `a _Â&#x201C;ik pk_]n ah p]jck( ]ba_p]nkj ie bkni] `a pk_]n ah f]vv* L]n] iÂ&#x17D; bqa qj] cn]j atlaneaj_e] `a ]lnaj`ev]faĂ?*
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