Edición del Martes 11 de Mayo de 2010

Page 1

:fc`dX I_dZ_YWje Z[b 7okdjWc_[dje h[ifediWX_b_pW W [n WbYWbZ[ _dj[h_de Z[ Z[kZW W F[di_ed[i I_dZ_YWje Z[b 7okdjWc_[dje h[ifediWX_b_pW W [n WbYWbZ[ _dj[h_de Z[ Z[kZW W F[di_ed[i g% / ;ZkYWY_ÂŒd

DWY_edWb

7kc[djWh|d [d +& 9ec_[dpW Wokde [iYk[bWi Z[ j_[cfe [d ;K li bW b[o Yecfb[je [d 9eb_cW f$ '& YWpWc_]hWdj[i f$ '*

D[]eY_ei

H[fkdjWd XebiWi Z[b ckdZe jhWi [b h[iYWj[ W =h[Y_W f|]_dW '-

D@C<E@F

8zF ,# EèD<IF (,'( +$&& *) G�>@E8J

:FC@D8 D8IK<J (( ;< D8PF ;< )'('

mmm$c_b[d_eYeb_cW$Yec$cn f[h_eZ_iceYedYWh|Yj[h

DWhWd`ei" b_ced[i o cWd]ei ied \eYe Z[ _d\[YY_ÂŒd" Z[X_Ze Wb ÂşZhW]ÂŒd WcWh_bbeÂť0 =[hc|d L_h][d

ĂŽhXeb[i \hkjWb[i Z[ bW Y_kZWZ" kd f[b_]he š ;b fh[i_Z[dj[ Z[ bW 9ec_i_ÂŒd Z[ :[iWhhebbe HkhWb [d [b 9ed]h[ie Z[b ;ijWZe ik]_[h[ [b_c_dWhbei" fWhW fhej[][h bei Ykbj_lei Z[ bW fhefW]WY_ÂŒd Z[ bW fbW]W [d Y‡jh_Yei f|]$ '' J7F?HE

7c_ijeie '#& [d [b [diWoe Yed I[d[]Wb

;b WiWbje W bW hWpŒd :Xicfj DXiˆe BW _dZ_]dW [njhWZ_Y_Œd Z[ L_bbWdk[lW

Lk[bjW W bW l_ZW$ 7o[h \k[hed [djh[]WZWi +- fh[b_X[hWY_ed[i W fh[iei o h[YbkiWi [d 9eb_cW o CWdpWd_bbe" ]hWY_Wi W ik Wkjƒdj_YW h[WZWfjWY_Œd

;b fheYkhWZeh [ijWjWb Wi[]khW gk[ [ij[ Z[b_je Wkc[djŒ [d kd '&

9h[Y[ bW _dY_Z[dY_W Z[ heXe W YWiW#^WX_jWY_ÂŒd ;d bei ckd_Y_f_ei c|i feXbWZei ^Wo c|i fhef[di_ÂŒd W Z[b_dgk_h f|]i$ ,#-

IeXh[ CWh_e L_bbWdk[lW" [d [b `k_Y_e Z[ ]WhWdj‡Wi gk[ H[bWY_e# d[i ;nj[h_eh[i Z[Y_Z_ÂŒ _]dehWh" [b I[]kdZe Jh_XkdWb Kd_jWh_e Z[b I[]kdZe 9_hYk_je h[iebl_ÂŒ . Z[ \[Xh[he h[Y_[dj[ º¹gk[ bWi YeiWi i[ cWdj[d]Wd [d [b [i# jWZe [d gk[ i[ [dYk[djhWd¹$ OW [d `kd_e Z[ (&&-" [b @kp]WZe J[hY[he Z[ :_ijh_je Z[ FheY[iei F[dWb[i be ^WX‡W [n# YWhY[bWZe" Wb WXiebl[hbe Z[ Z[b_# jei YedjhW bW iWbkZ feh bei gk[ i[ b[ h[jkle ÂŹfWhW kd i[]kdZe `k_Y_e [d ;ijWZei Kd_Zei

;b 9^k[Ye de be fWh[Y‡W jWdje Z[ifkƒi Z[ b_XhWh YkWjhe Z[ Y_dYe Z[iYeYWZWi WYkiWY_ed[i0 YedjhebWh [b fWie Z[ YeYW‡dW [d [b 7jb|dj_Ye Z[ 9ebecX_W W Dk[lW Oeha 1 eh]Wd_pWh XWX_bÂŒd_YWi Ă… [ijWi Yed ;b C[jhe YWhj[b Z[ @k|h[p 1 [dY[dZ[h W ik Wdje`e fWhW dWhYeWl_e# d[i bWi bkY[i Z[b W[hefk[hje _dj[hdWY_edWb Z[ 9WdY‘d ÂŤo 9eckd_YWY_ed[i o JhWdifeh# j[i5 " o ^WX[h YecfhWZe W jeZei bei [\[Yj_lei Z[b ;`ƒhY_je o bW 7hcWZW [d Gk_djWdW Hee$ De \k[ Z[h[Y^e [b [dh_gk[# Y_c_[dje feh [b gk[ Wgk‡ i[ b[ i[dj[dY_ÂŒ$ F[he jWcfeYe [njhWZ_jWhbe fWhW iWj_i\WY[h bW i[l_Y_W Z[b Yehhkfje i_ij[cW ]h_d]e Z[ Âşj[ij_]ei fhej[]_ZeiÂť$

YcWh_d6c_b[d_e$Yec

>eo [iYh_X[d 9\ieXi[f :fim\iX F|]$) ?„Zkfi 8^l`cXi :Xdˆe# AX`if :Xc`okf 8cYXii}e# :`if >�d\q C\pmX# AfXhlˆe C�g\q$;�i`^X# :Xicfj DfkX F|]i$*%+ DXi`f 8cY\ikf Jfcˆj <jg`efjX# ?\`[` >% [\ C\�e >lk`„ii\q F|]$'( IfY\ikX >XiqX# I`ZXi[f Dfei\Xc F|]$')



cWhj[i '' Z[ CWoe Z[ (&'&

&@C<E@F

BM GSFOUF

:; IE8H; C;I7 9\ieXi[f :fim\iX

.J fSCPM Z ZP

;d bW iecXh_jW$ Bei YedZkYjeh[i Z[ [ij[ l[^‡Ykbe Xb_dZWZe Z[Y_Z_[hed h[i]kWhZWh bei lWbeh[i ced[jWh_ei Z[XW`e Z[ kd bWkh[b1

Yed [b W_h[ WYedZ_Y_edWZe W jeZe be gk[ ZW feh bW YWbeh o i_d bW c[deh ieif[Y^W Z[ gk[ fhedje ^WXh| c[dei iecXh_jWi [d bW Y_kZWZ$$$

FM BMBDSfO 7kc[dje [d heXei$ ;b fheYkhW#

Zeh Z[b [ijWZe" 7hjkhe [b J_]h[ :‡Wp H_l[hW" Yedi_Z[hÂŒ gk[ [b Wkc[dje W heXei [d YWiWi ^WX_jWY_ÂŒd ^W Wkc[djWZe kd '& $ Be gk[ i[ fh[]kdjW [ij[ WbWYh|d [i i_ [b d‘c[he Z[ _d# c_]hWdj[i gk[ bb[]Wd W 9eb_cW [i [d bW c_icW fhefehY_ÂŒd$ OW gk[ ][d[hWbc[dj[ jeZe be gk[ j_[d[ gk[ l[h Yed Yh_c_dWb_ZWZ fhel_[d[ Z[ Âş\k[hWÂť$ ÂŤE de5

:[ c_[djhWi$ >ƒYjeh 7hjkhe B[Œd 7bWc"

b‡Z[h i_dZ_YWb Z[b ckd_Y_f_e Z[ 9eb_cW" h[ifed# iWX_b_pÂŒ W @eiƒ 7djed_e IWdZelWb" [n WbYWbZ[ _d# j[h_de feh [b WZ[kZe Z[ (& c_bbed[i Z[ f[iei Wb <edZe Z[ F[di_ed[i$ ;ij[ WbWYh|d Yedi_Z[hW gk[ [i c|i \|Y_b gk[ [b YWX_bZe YWf_jWb_de bbW# c[ W Yk[djWi Wb [n fh[i_Z[dj[ ÂşZ[ c_[djhWiÂť" W gk[ [d [b 9ed]h[ie Z[b ;ijWZe i[ fh[i[dj[ I_bl[h_e 9WlWpei W [nfb_YWh [b [dZ[kZWc_[dje [ijWjWb$ :[ c_[djhWi" W l[h gkƒ fWiW$

7 YWYWh[Wh [b ^k[le$ :[b[]WZei

\[Z[hWb[i oW j_[d[d jeZe b_ije fWhW ceijhWhb[ W bW ieY_[ZWZ Yeb_c[di[ bWi WYY_ed[i gk[ bb[lWd W YWXe Z[iZ[ iki jh_dY^[hWi$ FWiWZe cW‹WdW [ijWh|d fh[i[djWdZe jeZe be gk[ ^WY[d [d fhe Z[b ;ijWZe$ ;b Wh|Yd_Ze i[ fh[]kdjW i_ [d bW fh[i[djWY_Œd Z[b Z[b[]WZe Z[b JhWXW`e i[

^WXbWh| Z[ be gk[ i[ ^_pe Wdj[i o Z[ifkƒi Z[b Z[i[dYk[djhe gk[ jkl_[hW [b i[Yh[jWh_e @Wl_[h BepWde Yed bW WZc_d_ijhWY_ÂŒd [ijWjWb" feh Âş[hheh[i Z[ W][dZWÂť$

9WfWY_jWY_ÂŒd W Z[ij_[cfe$ ;ij[

Wh|Yd_Ze i[ _cW]_dW be gk[ ^kX_[hW fWiWZe i_ [d fb[de Xhej[ Z[b l_hki Z[ bW _d\bk[dpW ^kcW# dW W#WY^[#kde#[d[#kde" [b i[Yh[jWh_e Z[ IWbkZ" @eiƒ 9ÂŒhZelW L_bbWbeXei i[ jecWhW kdei Z‡Wi fWhW _hi[ W YWfWY_jWh W Ik_pW e W Wb]‘d ejhe fW‡i" [d jehde W bW fWdZ[c_W" [d bk]Wh Z[ gk[ZWhi[ W ^WY[h \h[dj[ W bW Yedj_d][dY_W" Yedi[]k_h bei h[Ykhiei d[Y[iWh_ei o ieXh[ jeZe ZWdZe bW YWhW$ 7^ehW h[ikbjW gk[ @eiƒ L[hZkpYe" i[Yh[jW# h_e Z[ :[iWhhebbe HkhWb Z[b ]eX_[hde Z[b [ijWZe" WdkdY_ÂŒ gk[ i[ _h‡W W 8hWi_b W ÂşYWfWY_jWhÂť fWhW bkY^Wh YedjhW [b Âş:hW]ÂŒd 7cWh_bbeÂť$ F[he [d 9eb_cW" jeZe fk[Z[ ikY[Z[h$

9WbehÂŒd$ 9ed bWi WbjWi j[cf[hWjkhWi gk[

i[ ^Wd h[]_ijhWZe [d 9eb_cW bei ‘bj_cei Z‡Wi" [ij[ WbWYh|d oW d_ i_gk_[hW gk_[h[ iWb_h W f_YWh Yed ik W]k_`Œd c_[djhWi [b ieb i[ cWdj_[d[ [d be Wbje$ Be gk[ h[Wbc[dj[ b[ ]kijWh‡W Wb Wh|Yd_# Ze [i _hi[ W fWi[Wh [d bWdY^W o jecWhi[ kdWi Y[hl[Y_jWi X_[d ^[bWZWi" Yece Z[ i[]khe Wb]kdei feb‡j_Yei be ^_Y_[hed [b \_d Z[ i[cWdW$

TJ lM MP EJDF %FTHSBDJBEBNFOUF DBEB DBCF[B FT VO NVOEP Z DSFP RVF IVCP EFTDVJEP P JSSFTQPOTBCJMJEBE EF MPT GVODJPOBSJPT RVF FO FTF NPNFOUP FODBCF[BCBO MB BENJOJTUSBDJuO 7hjkhe B[ÂŒd 7bWc

:_h_][dj[ Z[b I_dZ_YWje Z[ JhWXW`WZeh[i Z[b 7okdjWc_[dje Z[ 9eb_cW" Wb [nfb_YWh gk[ CWh_e 7d]k_Wde" YkWdZe f_Z_Œ b_Y[dY_W Wb 9WX_bZe Z[ 9eb_cW fWhW i[fWhWhi[ Z[ iki \kdY_ed[i Yece WbYWbZ[" ^WX‡W Z[`WZe kd [igk[cW \_dWdY_[he fh[fWhWZe" Yed [b YkWb i[ ^kX_[hW YkX_[hje bW Z[kZW Z[ f[di_ed[i$$$ f[he bW _d[nf[h_[dY_W Z[b WbYWbZ[ _dj[h_de" @eiƒ 7djed_e EhepYe" Yedjh_XkoŒ Wb _dYh[c[dje Z[ Z_Y^e WZ[kZe" [b YkWb ^WijW bW \[Y^W de ^W feZ_Ze i[h YkX_[hje$

] lnklqaop] mqa d]_a ah lnaoe) `ajpa `a h] ?kieoe“j `a @ao]) nnkhhk Nqn]h `ah ?kjcnaok `ah Aop]`k( Caniƒj Rencaj Ran`qv) _k ĂŒl]n] k^hec]n ] mqa oa p]haj pk`ko hko ƒn^khao bnqp]hao aj h]o vkj]o qn) ^]j]o _kheiajoaoĂ?ao `khknkok( lank peaja oq n]v“j `a oan* Jk lqa`k `a_en mqa oku qj ]i^eajp]) heop] aj ]_perk( oej ai^]nck _]`] rav mqa oa ĂŽlk`]jĂ? ej`eo_neiej]`]iajpa hko ƒn) ^khao aj h]o _]hhao ia `] _kn]fa u pneopav]* H]o n]vkjao okj iƒo mqa k^re]o* Iajko oki^n]( iƒo _]hkn( i]ukn _kjp]iej]_e“j( ap_Špan]Ă… Oej ai^]nck( aop] rav _kej_e`k _kj mqa( lkn ah ^eaj `a hko ]cne_qhpknao `a ?khei]( oa peajaj mqa pki]n ia`e`]o n]`e_]hao* D]_a iƒo k iajko -4 ]Â’ko oa ia k_qnne“ pn]ania qj i]jcqepk `ah n]j_dk `a ie l]lƒ aj Oej]hk] ]jpao `a mqa hk raj`ea) n]* Qj p]jpk lkn pn]ania qj _]_depk `a na_qan`ko ejb]jpehao $`a nalajpa ia o]ha hk nki]jpe_“j( iƒo jk hk _qnoe( _kjopa%( kpnk p]jpk lknmqa( _kik `a_ÂŽ] ah lkap] _q^]jk FkoŠ I]npÂŽ6 ĂŽQj dki^na( l]n] oan _kilhapk( d] `a lh]jp]n qj ƒn^kh( pajan qj defk u ao_ne^en qj he^nkĂ?* Aj ]mqah peailk u] rajÂŽ] >anju $ie defk aj _]iejk%( d]) ^ÂŽ] ao_nepk ]hcqjko i]jq]hao $ia d]_ÂŽ] ] h] e`a] `a mqa an]j he^nko%( u ia b]hp]^] oai^n]n ah ]n^khepk* H] r]nea`]` mqa ĂŽeilknpŠĂ? `a Rehh] Qje“j an] `a h] aola_ea ĂŽDae`ajĂ? $lap]) _kjao k^re]iajpa%( u ia d]_ÂŽ] ehqoe“j lk`an _kiŠniahko _kik hk i]j`]j hko _ƒjkjao $_kj hko ^n]vko ao_qnne`ko( jk d]u iafkn i]jan]%* Oej ai^]nck( ]h jk oan iqu `k_pk aj h]o ]npao `a h] ]cnkjk) iÂŽ]( jk oa ia k_qnne“ bqiec]nhk* ?q]j) `k ah iajp]`k i]jck `ek oqo lneianko bnqpko( Šopko oeailna o]hÂŽ]j ajcqo]j]`ko* Oancek O_dqhpa( ie _kil]`na( ]cne_qhpkn `a ]^khajck( qj `ÂŽ] bqa ] ie _]o] $mqa ao pq _]o]% u ia `efk mqa lkn cajpa _kik uk ] hko lnk`q_pknao hao e^] i]h* Mqa `]`k mqa uk jk bqiec]^] ie ƒn^kh( ah aobqanvk mqa Šh d]_ÂŽ] lkn ann]`e_]n h] ĂŽikomqep] ^h]j_]Ă? an] _]oe aj r]jk( u] mqa Šop] oa nalnk`q_ÂŽ] aj ie _]o] u hqack ]ba_p]^] oq lh]jp]_e“j* =_pk oacqe`k( F]eia( ]b]i]`k f]n`ejank b]iehe]n( bqa _kjpn]p]`k l]n] `]nha qj] bq) iec]`ep] _]`] mqa oa ja_aoep]n] ]h _kjo]^e`k ]n^khepk( mqa u] l]n] aoa peailk an] qj nk^qopk ]n^kh“j mqa oanrÂŽ] l]n] ]i]ej]n h] pailan]pqn] `ah _q]npk `ah jeÂ’k $mqa p]i^eŠj d]^ÂŽ] _na_e`k iq_dk%* Jqj_] ia ]pnarÂŽ ] _knp]n ah ƒn^kh `a n]ÂŽv( u `a ]hcqj] i]jan] ia oeajpk ĂŽ_qh) l]^haĂ? lkn d]^an lanfq`e_]`k aj l]npa h] ]cne_qhpqn] `ah aop]`k* =qjmqa lajoƒj`khk ^eaj( ie _kil]`na u oq l]lƒ _kjrenpeankj oqo peann]o aj bn]__ekj]ieajpk u ]dkn] oqlkjck mqa hao r] iafkn* Dku( h] lh]c] `ah ĂŽ@n]c“j =i]nehhkĂ? aopƒ ailav]j`k ] _]qo]n aopn]cko aj ]hck mqa lq`ean] oan _]p]opn“be_k l]n] hko lnk`q_) pknao `a hei“j* H] okhq_e“j l]n] ann]`e_]n aopa i]h paj`nƒ mqa d]_anoa aj _kjfqjpk( u kf]hƒ mqa h]o ]qpkne`]`ao pkiaj qj] `a) _eoe“j nƒle`k( l]n] mqa jk oa] `ai]oe]`k p]n`a( u] mqa oqlkjck mqa jk pk`]o h]o dqanp]o heikjan]o `a Pa_kiƒj lk`nÂŽ]j _kjranpenoa aj bn]__ekj]ieajpko _kik hko `a ie _kil]`na* .D


BM GSFOUF

D@C<E@F

cWhj[i '' Z[ CWoe Z[ (&'&

5SBTDFOEJu gk[ [b FH? i[ WYkWhj[bWh| Z[iZ[ ^eo

[d Cƒh_ZW o [b :< fWhW Z[\[dZ[h be gk[ Wi[]khWd i[h| kd Âşjh_kd\e ^_ijÂŒh_YeÂť [d OkYWj|d [b Zec_d]e$ Bei fh__ijWi [ij|d Yedl[dY_Zei Z[ gk[ bW f[j_Y_ÂŒd Z[b fh[i_Z[dj[ Z[b F7D" 9ƒiWh DWlW" W =eX[hdWY_ÂŒd fWhW gk[ [l_j[ [b \hWkZ[ jh_Yebeh [d OkYWj|d" de [i c|i gk[ kd jWhZ‡e _dj[dje Z[ YkhWhi[ [d iWbkZ$ 7i[]khWd gk[ ZeYkc[djWh|d [b h[YbkjWc_[dje Z[ Y^Wlei XWdZW fWhW jhWjWh Z[ h[l[djWh bei Yec_Y_ei o jWfWh bW Z[hhejW XbWdgk_Wpkb feh c|i Z[ '& fkdjei$

gk[ i[ ^W Z_\kdZ_Ze [d _dj[hd[j

kd Yehh[e gk[ i[‹WbW gk[ 9ƒiWh DWlW Âş[dYedjhÂŒ Wb Ă…d YWdZ_ZWjeÂť W bW ]kX[hdWjkhW Z[ 7]kWiYWb_[dj[i" kd ^ecXh[ [nf[h_c[djWZe o gk[ i[ Z_Y[ fh[eYkfWZe feh [b X_[d[ijWh Z[ bWi \Wc_b_Wi0 [b fh__ijW 9Whbei BepWde Z[ bW Jehh[$

:Ă‘7 9ED :Ă‘7

-FDUVSBT EF "SJ[POB .JUPT NJHSBUPSJPT

?„Zkfi 8^l`cXi :Xdˆe

-

] cajpa `a =nevkj] peaja iea`k lank h] i]uknŽ] `a hko aop]`q) je`ajoao mqa aopƒj _kjpn] qj] nabkni] iecn]pkne] bqj`]j oq kleje“j( lkn oq i]ukn l]npa( aj _ej_k iepko p]j ejraj_e^hao ]hhƒ( _kik h] e`a] ]mqŽ `a mqa ah lapn“hak u Laiat okj ^]hq]npao `a h] ok^an]jŽ] j]_ekj]h* H] aola_e]heop] u at bqj_ekj]ne] `a iecn]_e“j @kneo Iaeoojan d] da_dk aj Pda S]odejcpkj Lkop qj la`]c“ce_k naoqiaj `a aoko _ej_k iepko* -* Hko ejiecn]jpao hao mqep]j pn]^]fko ] hko aop]`qje`ajoao* B]hok* Hko a_kjkieop]o d]j `aikopn]`k mqa lkn _]`] pn]^]fk mqa hhaj] qj ejiecn]jpa( lkn hk cajan]h `a ^]f] _]he`]`( oa _na] qj pn]^]fk ]`e_ekj]h l]n] ]hcqeaj iƒo* .* H] ejiecn]_e“j ao iƒo ]hp] mqa jqj_] u h] i]uknŽ] `a hko ejiecn]jpao okj ehac]hao* B]hok* H] iƒo ]hp] ejiecn]_e“j mqa naceopn] h] deopkne] bqa aj -45,( _q]j`k hko ejiecn]jpao

HWfƒ

O [i gk[ Yedj_[d[ kdW \eje ZedZ[ i[ Wfh[Y_W W DWlW gk[ WXhWpW c_[djhWi YWc_dWd o Yedl[hiWd W kd ^ecXh[ gk[ fehjW kd Y^Wb[Ye he`e Yed [b be]ej_fe Z[b FH? o bW b[o[dZW [d bW [ifWbZW0 Âş9Whbei BepWde =eX[hdWZehÂť$

hhac]nkj ] oan -0*4 lkn _eajpk `a h] lk^h]_e“j* Dku( `ko pan_an]o l]npao `a hko ejiecn]jpao naoe`aj hac]hiajpa aj Aop]`ko Qje`ko* @a hko -,*4 iehhkjao mqa aopƒj ehac]hao( 0, lkn _eajpk ajpn“ `a i]jan] hac]h lank oa ha raj_eankj oqo lanieoko* Hko iate_]jko okj ah cnqlk iƒo cn]j`a `a iecn]jpao hac]hao mqa d]u aj AQ* /* Hko ejiecn]jpao `a dku jk oa ejpacn]j ] h] re`] aop]`qje`ajoa _kik hko `a ]jpao* B]hok* Hk ieoik oa `efk `a h]o ejiecn]_ekjao ]hai]j]( enh]j`ao] k ep]he]j] `a oechko l]o]`ko* Dku _kik ]uan h] ejpacn]_e“j pki] qj] k `ko cajan]_ekjao* 0* Oahh]n h] bnkjpan] jko d]nƒ qj] ok_ea`]` iƒo oacqn]* B]hok* H] bnkjpan] oqn ao qj napk ] h] recaj_e] u h] ]lhe_]_e“j `a h] hau( jk qj bnajpa `a hq_d] ]jpepannkneop]* H] cajpa mqa _kjk_a ah pai] o]^a mqa oe oa atle`aj reo]o oqĂš_eajpao l]n] _q^nen h] `ai]j`] `a pn]^]f]`knao mqa h] a_kjkiÂŽ] `ai]j`]( hko ., ieh ieai^nko `a h] L]pnqhh] Bnkjpanev]( `qlhe_]`] aj _ej_k ]Â’ko( mqa`]nƒj

)VFMHB EF IBNCSF

he^nao l]n] k_ql]noa `a h]o ran`]`an]o ]ia) j]v]o pannkneop]o aj h]o bnkjpan]o* 1* Qj] nabkni] iecn]pkne] ao eilkoe^ha aj qj ]’k `a aha__ekjao _kik ah ]_pq]h* B]hok* Pk`]o h]o nabkni]o eilknp]jpao `a hko ˜hpeiko ]’ko bqankj ]lnk^]`]o aj ]’ko aha_pkn]hao6 -54, $Nabqcaa =_p%( -542 $Ejie) cn]pekj Nabkni ]j` ?kjpnkh =_p%( -55, $Ejie) cn]pekj =_p%( -552 $Ehhac]h Ejiecn]pekj Nabkni ]j` Ejiecn]jp Naolkjo]^ehepu%* Ah ao_ƒj`]hk `a h] hau `a =nevkj]( panie) j] Iaeoojan( lk`nŽ] oan qj lhaepk ]`a_q]`k l]n] na_kn`]n u _kjraj_an ] hko haceoh]`knao aop]`qje`ajoao `a mqa ah iafkn ikiajpk l]n] h] lkhŽpe_] ao ah lnaoajpa*& .D WYWc_d6c_b[d_e$Yec :eh_i C[_iid[h0 + Coj^i WXekj ?cc_]hWj_ed mWi^_d]jedfeij$Yec" (%+%'& C[_iid[h [i _dl[ij_]WZehW Z[b C_]hWj_ed Feb_Yo ?dij_jkj[" o \k[ Yec_i_edWZW Z[b KI ?cc_]hWj_ed WdZ DWjkhWb_pWj_ed I[hl_Y[ Z[ '//) Wb (&&&$

Zei feh jh[i =qjmqa ?Šo]n J]r] ]oacqna mqa ah LNE lna) l]n] qj bn]q`a aj Uq_]pƒj( aoa l]npe`k jk namqeana `a h]o 21 ieh ^khap]o( u] mqa ah L=J peaja ..*3! `a `aorajp]f] aj h]o aj_qaop]o mqa( oac˜j h] heop] jkiej]h( nalnaoajp]Ă…

NfT EF

gk[ gk_[d Z[ fbWde de gk_[h[ Z[XWj_h

Yed ik efed[dj[ =WX_de 9kƒ [i [b YWdZ_ZWje Z[b FH? Wb ]eX_[hde Z[ EWnWYW" ;l_[b Fƒh[p CW]W‹W$

WPUPT

;d [djh[l_ijW" ;l_[b Z_`e gk[ i‡ lW Wb Z[XWj[ f[he de ÂŹYed gk_[d ^W i_Ze Z[ _pgk_[hZW o Z[h[Y^W O gk[ iÂŒbe Z[XWj_h| i_ ik [gk_fe b[ Wi[]khW ÂŹkd Z[XWj[ Z[ WbjkhW

¡6O BCJTNP

7i‡ i[]kh_je gk[ ^WXh| Z[XWj[$

gk[ [b `k[l[i" feh Ă…d" i[ fh[i[djWh|

[d C?B;D?E J[b[l_i_Œd bW [dYk[ijW Z[b =WX_d[j[ Z[ 9eckd_YWY_Œd ;ijhWjƒ]_YW ieXh[ bW _dj[dY_Œd Z[b leje [d Gk_djWdW Hee" gk[ [b ?dij_jkje ;b[YjehWb beYWb fhe^_X_Œ Z_\kdZ_h ^WY[ Zei i[cWdWi$ @kije Wdj[i Z[ gk[ i[ hecf_[hW bW fei_X_b_ZWZ Z[ gk[ F7D o FH: bb[lWhWd kd c_ice YWdZ_ZWje W bW ]kX[hdWjkhW$

gk[ [b [n i[Yh[jWh_e Z[ IWbkZ @[i‘i

AkcWj[ fh[i[djWh| ^eo [d [b I[dWZe kd [ijkZ_e" [bWXehWZe feh [b 9[djhe DWY_edWb YedjhW bW 7Z_YY_ed[i" gk[ [Y^W WXW`e lWh_ei c_jei ieXh[ [b Yedikce Z[ cWh_]kWdW$ Kde Z[ [bbei" [b gk[ j_[d[ gk[ l[h Yed bW _Z[W Z[ gk[ ^WY[ c[dei ZW‹e gk[ [b jWXWYe" fk[i i[ [ijWXb[Y[ gk[ W bW bWh]W bW cWh_]kWdW fheleYW gk[ i[ YedikcWd Zhe]Wi c|i W]h[i_lWi$ Ejhe [i gk[ ,& feh Y_[dje Z[ bei dWhYei c[n_YWdei Z[`Wh‡Wd [ij[ bkYhWj_le jhWXW`e i_ i[ b[]Wb_pWhW" fk[i [ij| Z[ceijhWZe gk[ [i[ fehY[djW`[ efjWh‡W feh jhWXW`Wh Yed [ijkf[\WY_[dj[i fhe^_X_Zei$

FEBĂ‘J?97 9;HE AX`if :Xc`okf 8cYXii}e

/

k( jk hk `efk I]pnet L]na`ao* Aoa bqa ah cnepk banreajpa mqa ha o]he“ `ah reajpna ] qj] `qh) _a nalnaoajp]jpa `ah reafanŽk iatemqajoa( oac˜j ]_al_e“j ej_nqop]`] lkn aoa cn]j baiejeop] mqa ao ah oq^faba @eack( _q]j`k oa aj_kjpn“ aj qj ]_pk `a aoko nei^ki^]pao `a bnajpa ]h Cah^ku La’]) jeapk mqa( aj lhajk `Ž] `a h]o faba_ep]( l]na_Ž] ah baopaf]`k* H] `k’]( knkj`] u ] cnepk lah]k an] qj] `a h]o `a_aj]o oa’kn]o aj Štp]oeo mqa raj ]h c“^an _kik oq Hqeoie `a h] lkhŽpe_] u mqa ha lan`kj]j pk`k( ej_hqok mqa aj ah @Ž] `a h]o I]`nao ah iq_d]_dk _de_dk `a h] lahŽ_qh] c]_d]( l]lƒ( d]u] `aore]`k ah j]pqn]h oajpe`k `a oq `eo_qnok ok^na h]o lnkcajepkn]o( l]n] aop]^ha_an( hqack `ah _kjk_e`k klan]perk aj qj bn]__ekj]ieajpk o“hk l]n] iehhkjap]o( mqa h]o _]^av]o `ah j]n_k reraj aj ao]o cakcn]bŽ]o lajo]j`k mqa l]o]j `ao]lan_e^e`ko* @a _q]hmqean i]jan]( u pki]j`k aj _qajp]

Ăˆ¡/P FTUf UV HBWJPUB QFSP BRVp FTUf UV HVBKPMPUB Š hko ˜hpeiko ]l]Â’kjao aj h]o vkj]o `a ]hpÂŽoeiko ejcnaoko `kj`a oqahaj nabqce]noa aj iqhpeiehhk) j]neko u iqu _d]nnko ^˜jgano( mqevƒ hko hÂŽ`anao `ah _neiaj knc]jev]`k pajc]j mqa ^qo_]noa cq]ne`]o aj hqc]nao `kj`a lqa`]j `ao]uq) j]noa pk`ko hko `ÂŽ]o qj oqop]j_ekok ^]Â’k `a lqa^hk* @eck( `a^anÂŽ]j ]lnaj`an ] hko _]lko `a Palepk mqa( ] lao]n `a h] rajp] l˜^he_] `a ]n_derko lnklea`]` `a h] j]_e“j u pahakbanpkjao `a lkj_del]mqapao l]n] oe_]neko( jk oa `ec] b]uq_] u len]panÂŽ]( jk peajaj ah iajkn lnk^hai] lkn reren aj qj] cakcn]bÂŽ] lklqhko]* =oÂŽ( ao peailk `a mqa( aj _]ok `a mqa aopŠj d]npko `a oan raj]`a]`ko ]dÂŽ `kj`a hko iehhkjap]o d]_aj oq je`k( hko i]Ăškoe `afaj ah _]oan“j lkn qj `al]np]iajpk `a ejpanŠo `ah Ejbkj]rep7 mqa rav `a h] ?dauajja oa pn]jolknpaj aj qj =pko ^u @k`ca7 u iafkn mqa ^qomqaj ]pqaj`ko pelk _dkban `a pn]jolknpa l˜^he_k( l]n] mqa `ec]j mqa d]op] ajpna ie_nko d]u nqp]o* ?h]nk mqa oanÂŽ] iqu _kpknnk mqa( aj qj]

atpn]Â’] arajpq]he`]`( ]c]nnaj ] H] >]n^ea rereaj`k aj qj] _]o] Cak* ?kik oa]( u d]^e`] _qajp] `ah ]hv] aj i]pane] `a nk^ko u dkie_e`eko mqa jk okj ja_ao]ne]iajpa `a^e`k ] h] lan_al_e“j( hko i]hko `a i]hkh]j`e] peajaj mqa ^qo_]noa kpn]o cakcn]bÂŽ]o iajko oq_qhajp]o l]n] hko _]j]hh]o `a bqankj _ki˜j mqa jk naolap]j fan]nmqÂŽ]o* Ok^na pk`k ]dkn] mqa u] d]op] I]jhek B]^ek Oqlanop]n jk ranÂŽ] i]h `aolaj]hev]n h] ikp] oe hko cnejcko hk d]_aj lneiank* =dkn] mqa o]mqa l]n] ]j`]n ecq]hao* Oe LaÂ’]jeapk mqeana na]hiajpa c]j]n Hko Lejko( paj`nƒ mqa ^ao]n ] oqo cq]fkhkp]o( _kik Fahelehhk devk ]uan _kj I]nc]nep]* =h Ăšj]h mqeank ark_]n qj] cn]j bn]oa `ah ?dqa_k Rehh]jqar]( ah ˜je_k lav ckn`k atpn]) `ep]`k ] AQ6 ĂŽAh mqa jk oa d]_a iehhkj]nek aj Mqejp]j] Nkk( ao qj laj`afkĂ?* .D `W_he$YWb_nje6c_b[d_e$Yec mmm$jm_jj[h$Yec%`W_heYWb_nje


D@C<E@F

cWhj[i '' Z[ CWoe Z[ (&'&

B7 >?IJEH?7 ;D 8H;L; :`if >Â?d\q C\pmX

"

Oa oknlnaj`a ]h rania( lknmqa u] d]^ÂŽ] l]o]`k ah dkn]nek `a reoep]* Lank h] cajpa mqa u] ia _kjk_a aj ah na_hqoknek ia `ek ah ]__aok u lq`a hhac]n ] Šh* Aop]^] _kjo) panj]`k* Ia _kiajp]6 Ă?Oku ah pnkbak `a h] i]h`]`( jk hk lqa`k _naan( aopƒj rekh]j`k qj ]il]nkĂ‘Ă?* Jev] _]h_qh] mqa oa mqa`“ `ko dkn]o _kj Šh( ĂŽaj ah _q]npepk `kj`a hk pajÂŽ]j( u aopqre) iko lh]pe_]j`k u pn]p]j`k `a ]hajp]njko6 uk ] Šh( Šh ] ieĂ‘Ă?* ?knna qj] ranoe“j `a mqa Rehh]jqar] jack_e“ h] atpn]`e_e“j ] _]i^ek `a mqa jk hk nacnao]n]j ] =hikhku]( ha `eck* ĂŽAok jk ao _eanpkĂ?( ia l]n] aj oa_k* ĂŽ h oeailna laha“ l]n] mqa jk oa bqan]* Aj ah ikiajpk

mqa jko `aola`eiko( ha `efa6 Ă?Ejca( iq_d] bqanv]( mqa @eko hk ^aj`ec]Ă‘* h ia `e_a6 Ă?Oku ejk_ajpa( Jev]Ă‘* U hk ]c]nn]j `ko lanokj]o u oa hk hhar]j( u Šh oa rkhpa] u ia `e_a6 Ă?U] ia rku( u] ia aopƒj aolan]j`k( jko raiko iknaj]( oku ejk_ajpaĂ‘* Jk _nak mqa ]jpa qj] oepq]_e“j ]oÂŽ( ah ejcajeank d]u] jack_e]`k* Aok ao ]^okhqp]iajpa b]hokĂ?* Rehh]jqar] oa `a_h]n“ ejk_ajpa ]uan aj Jqar] Ukng* Lqa`a oan oajpaj_e]`k ] _]`aj] lanlapq]* Ă?@ebÂŽ_eh mqa hk rqahr]o ] ran( Jev]* Ă?Lank aop]naiko ]h laj`eajpa `a mqa( lkn hk iajko( aopŠ ^eaj ]paj`e`k `a o]hq`( mqa ao hk mqa iƒo jko lnak_ql]* .D ]ec[pb[olW6c_b[d_e$Yec

$BOEJEBUP zOJDP

[b fW‡i Z[b dkdYW `WXWp

panne_Š ] h]o 1 `a h] p]n`a `ah oƒ^]`kĂ?( _qajp] Jev] Lqanpk( qj] atlaneiajp]`] lkhÂŽpe_] mqejp]j]nnkajoa mqa( `ao`a .,,3( jk `af“ `a reoep]n ]h ia) jko qj] rav ] h] oai]j] aj ah Na_hqoknek Jknpa ] oq at faba I]nek Rehh]jqar]* Ha]hp]`( ]ieop]` ] lnqa^] `a pk`k* ĂŽBqa qj] oknlnao]( lkn aok jk aop]^]j oq aolko]( defk a def]Ă?( nah]p]* ĂŽI]nek _kj) Ăš]^] aj ah ]il]nk mqa pajÂŽ]* ?kjĂš]iko aj mqa jk e^]j ] lk`an atpn]`ep]nhk p]j nƒle`k* Lkn aok( aj ah ikiajpk mqa uk hhack ]h Na_hqoknek Jknpa( _kik ] h]o 3( jk aop]^]j hko ]^kc]`ko( aop]^] okhk* U] jk aop]^] aj oq _ah`]( aop]^] aj kpn] ƒna]( `aoaj_]f]`k*

-PT zMUJNPT NJOVUPT EF .BSJP 7JMMBOVFWB

9K8Ă‘9KBE ;IJH7Jx=?9E

/PWFOUB BtPT EF &M Â?OGPSB

:Xicfj DfkX

1

k_ko ailnao]neko _kik D]jo Gnepvhan* @ao`a fkraj( _q]j`k aopq`eƒ^]iko aj ah EP=I( D]jo ikopn]^] qj i˜o_qhk ailnao]) ne]h lk_k _ki˜j* @ao`a ajpkj_ao bqa pki]j`k ah he`an]vck `a Ah ĂŁjbkn]( h] b]iko] bƒ^ne_] `a r]fehh]o iate_]j]* U ]dk) n]( u] _kj iq_dko ]Â’ko _kik oq `ena_pkn cajan]h( jk d]u mqeaj ha lqa`] na_h]i]n j]`]6 d] pn]jobkni]`k ] h] ailnao]* =uan( D]jo nal]o“ hko _]lÂŽpqhko iƒo ej) panao]jpao `a h] deopkne] `a oq Ăšni]( mqa i]Â’]j] _aha^n] aj ah iqoak Bn]jv I]uan oq 5, ]jerano]nek ^]fk h] lnaieo] `a mqa Ah ]npa `a oanren _kieajv] _kj qj ^qaj lh]pk* OÂŽ* ĂŽAn]j _ej_k ]hai]jao mqa h] ]nn]j_]nkj* Qjk `a ahhko pqrk h] e`a] `a ikjp]n qj] bƒ) ^ne_] `a r]fehh]o* Hko _ej_k ]hai]jao najp]nkj

BM GSFOUF

;D FH?L7:E AfXhlˆe C�g\q$ ;�i`^X M%

.BDJFM .BSUB Z 'PY BRVFMMB NBtBOB =oaokn ao ah mqa pa mqep] ah nahkf l]n] `]npa h] dkn]* Bhknaopƒj

&

j hko `ÂŽ]o lnareko ] h] reoep] kĂš_e]h `a Re_ajpa Bkt ]h R]pe_]jk( ah -4 `a k_pq^na `a .,,-( oa d]^ÂŽ] `]`k qj _dkmqa ajpna ah _]n`aj]h Jkn) ^anpk Neran]( ]nvk^eolk lnei]`k `a IŠte_k( u I]np] O]d]c˜j* U] pajÂŽ] jkpe_e]o mqa oa naoeopÂŽ] ] ]_alp]n6 h] Oa_nap]nÂŽ] `a Aop]`k d]^ÂŽ] `af]`k aj _h]nk mqa aj h] ]q`eaj_e] kĂš_e]h `a Bkt _kj Fq]j L]^hk EE jk aop]nÂŽ] I]np]( _]o]`] _kj Šh aj oacqj`]o jql_e]o( i]pneikjek mqa h] Echaoe] jk na_k) jk_ÂŽ] u lkn aok ah hqc]n oa hk oacqÂŽ] `]j`k ] Hehe]j `a h] ?kj_d]( lneian] aolko] u l]n] h] O]jp] Oa`a( oq ˜je_] hacÂŽpei]* Aj ]mqahh]o rÂŽolan]o( ah _]n`aj]h Neran] ha `efk ] I]np] mqa ha _kjoacqenÂŽ] qj hqc]n `eopejcqe`k aj h] ]q`eaj_e] `a hko ieŠn_khao ] _]i^ek `ah aj_qajpnk lner]`k( hk mqa ahh] na_d]v“* Bqa _q]j`k ajpn“ aj _kjp]_pk _kj oq iqu _an_]jk u naranaj_e]`k I]n_e]h I]_eah( mqeaj oa _kilnkiape“ ] naokhran ah _]ok* = hko lk_ko `ÂŽ]o( I]np] oqlk mqa oe ^eaj jk aop]nÂŽ] oajp]`] ]h h]`k `a oq aolkok aj h] ]q`eaj_e] kĂš_e]h _kj ah L]l]( Šopa h] na_e^enÂŽ] ]jpao u aj lner]`k* U aj aok mqa`]nkj* =oÂŽ hhac]nkj ] Nki] l]n] _qilhen h] reoep] `a Aop]`k( hhar]j`k ] Fknca ?]op]Â’a`] _kik oq oa_nap]nek `a Nah]_ekjao Atpaneknao* H] jk_da ]jpanekn( I]np] u Bkt bqankj ej) bkni]`ko `a mqa qj ]qpki“reh `ah R]pe_]jk( _kj qj _dkban( aop]nÂŽ] ] h]o 5 `a h] i]Â’]j] aj h] lqanp] `ah dkpah l]n] hhar]nh] ]h l]h]_ek ]lkop“he_k ]jpa Fq]j L]^hk( qj `ÂŽ] ]jpao `ah aj_qajpnk kĂš_e]h `a Aop]`k* Lkn h] i]Â’]j]( qj] I]np] heop] u ]nnach]`]( at_ep]`]( ]cq]n`]^] aj h] oqepa lnaoe`aj_e]h `ao`a `ko dkn]o ]jpao* @eankj h]o 5( dkn] ]_kn`]`] l]n] mqa h] na_kcean]j( u j]`]* U ]oÂŽ( _knneankj h]o -,( h]o -- u h]o -.( u ah ]qpk kĂš_e]h `ah R]pe_]jk jqj_] hhac“( mqa`ƒj`kha u] _h]nk ah iajo]fa `a h] O]jp] Oa`a( ah `ao]ena* = lao]n `a oq _kj`e) _e“j `a aolko] `ah Lnaoe`ajpa `a IŠte_k( jk ranÂŽ] ]h L]l]* Ej`ecj]`]( har]jp“ ah pahŠbkjk `a h] oqepa u i]n_“ ah j˜iank pahab“je_k `a qj] naoe`aj_e] aj Rehh] =qnahe]6 ah `a I]n_e]h I]_eah* $I]Â’]j]6 ah _]bŠ u h] _ep]%

H[jWb[i h]o _]^]hhanev]o `a hk mqa bqa ?]o] >“gan Ă?] aol]h`]o `a Ha_qi^anne* Hepan]hiajpa oa h] fqc]nkj _kj ]nn]j_]n qj jqark jack_ek d]_e] Ăšj]hao `a h] Narkhq_e“j* H] cn]j rajp]f] mqa pqreankj bqa qj] iqu ^qaj] _ki^ej]_e“j6 ah _kjk_eieajpk `a =hai]je] `a h] _anƒie_] u h] i]jk `a k^n] iate_]j] _kj p]hajpk `a hko ]npao]jkoĂ?* = Ah ĂŁjbkn] ha ]^neankj h]o bnkjpan]o `ao`a d]_a r]neko hqopnko* ?eajpko `a i]n_]o _de) j]o( lnk`q_e`]o ] qj _kopk iq_dÂŽoeik iƒo ^]fk( ha ankoekj]nkj ah ian_]`k* Lank ha `efa mqa Šh jk oa mqaf]^] _kik hko v]l]panko `a Ha“j( k _kik hko b]^ne_]jpao `a fqcqapao* Ha `efa mqa Šh ]_pq]^]( mqa _]i^e“ ah jack_ek( naajbk_ƒj`khk rahkviajpa* ĂŽAo mqa jk d]^ÂŽ] `a kpn]* =mqÂŽ an] _]i^e]n k iknen* Uk _nak mqa oe pa mqaf]o oeailna lean`ao peailk* D]u iq_d]o klknpqje`]`ao

aj ah ian_]`k* Oeailna h]o d]^nƒ* Ah PH? l]n] jkokpnko d] oe`k iqu lnkra_dkok( iqu ^ajŠÚ_k* Cn]j l]npa `a h] bƒ^ne_] oa `a`e_] ] h] atlknp]_e“j* Dku lkn dku iƒo `a h] ie) p]` ao atlknp]_e“j ] Aop]`ko Qje`ko( mqa ao ah ian_]`k iƒo _kilape`k `ah iqj`k7 `kj`a d]u _heajpao ]iane_]jko mqa `e_aj Ă?uk u] bqe ] ?dej] u u] nacnaoŠ7 u] bqe( jk ia cqop“ h] _]he`]`* Lnk^Š( ]dknnŠ iq_dk `eja) nk( lank ]h Ăšj]h `ah `ÂŽ] ia o]heankj iq_dk iƒo _]nko lknmqa jk lq`a ]pannev]n ^eaj hko lnkua_pkoĂ‘Ă?* D]jo `e_a mqa aj IŠte_k oa raj`aj _ej_k _q_d]n]o lkn _]`] fqack `a paja`kn u _q_dehhk* L]na_a oan mqa aok peaja `ko lnkbqj`ko oecje) Ăš_]`ko6 mqa ]mqÂŽ oa _kiaj iƒo okl]o( u mqa hko iate_]jko u] jko _]jo]iko `a mqa jko aopŠ `]j`k p]jpk ]pkha _kj ah `a`k* .D cejWYWhbei'&&6]cW_b$Yec

-* =>EANPK* Ah lnaoe`ajpa ?]h`an“j ]_]^“ _kj h]o pajp]_ekjao `a hko aj_]nc]`ko `a h]o Ăšaop]o `ah >e_ajpaj]nek( mqa mqanÂŽ]j oahh]n -. ]Â’ko oqo c]opko* Ah reanjao kn`aj“ ] D]_eaj`] mqa ejopnqu] ]h >]j_k `ah AfŠn_epk l]n] mqa `Š pk`] h] ejbkni]_e“j `a ao] l]npe`] baoper]7 .* C=I>K=* Aiehek C]i^k] `ek qj l]ok cec]jpa aj oq lnkua_pk `a ]h_]jv]n h] lnaoe) `aj_e] `ah LNE aj i]nvk `ah ]Â’k mqa reaja( h] ?JKL( `ao`a h] mqa o]hp]nƒ ] h] oq_aoe“j `a >a]pnev L]na`ao7 u /* ½=CQ=O Ah PALFB `ek ajpn]`] ]uan ] h] nareoe“j `ah _]ok I]npÂŽj Knkv_k aj =cq]o_]) heajpao* @a oan ^]pa]`k( ah L=J oa mqa`]nÂŽ] oej _]j`e`]pk aj ]mqah iajcq]jpa o]jpq]nek ]vqh( neaock mqa ?Šo]n J]r] jk mqeana _knnan( lkn hk d] _kiajv]`k ] _kjoe`an]n qj lh]j >* Jko raiko i]Â’]j]( lank aj lner]`k* .D bef[pZeh_]W6c_b[d_e$Yec


cWhj[i '' Z[ CWoe Z[ (&'&

P

&M UFNB

i[]kh_ZWZ f‘Xb_YW

IeXh[ jeZe [d bei ckd_Y_f_ei c|i feXbWZei Z[b [ijWZe

7kc[djWd kd '& bei heXei W YWiW ^WX_jWY_ÂŒd BW pedW dehj[ Z[ bW YWf_jWb [i WbjWc[dj[ lkbd[hWXb[ W bW Z[b_dYk[dY_W" WfkdjW [b fheYkhWZeh Z[ @kij_Y_W [d [b [ijWZe

;IF;9?7B

9eb_cW3DXi`f 8cY\ikf Jfcˆj <jg`efjX

&

h lnk_qn]`kn `a fqope) _e] `ah aop]`k( =npqnk @ÂŽ]v Neran]( ejbkni“ mqa h] ej_e`aj_e] `a nk^ko ] _]o] d]^ep]) _e“j oa ej_naiajp“ aj qj -, lkn _eajpk `qn]jpa aopa ]Â’k( ok^na pk`k aj hko iqje_eleko `a i]ukn lk^h]_e“j _kik Pa_kiƒj( ?khei] I]jv]jehhk u Rehh] `a ĂŁhr]nav* @ap]hh“ mqa aj ah iqje_elek _]lep]hejk( h]o vkj]o iƒo ^qo_]`]o lkn hko h]`nkjao okj h]o q^e_]`]o aj h] vkj] jknpa( _kik O]jp] >ƒn^]n] u Naoe`aj_e]h Aoian]h`] u kpn]o `kj`a oa lnaoajp]j d]op] pnao nk^ko `e]neko* I]jebaop“ mqa `a i]jan] _kjfqjp] oa pn]^]f] _kj kpn]o ejop]j_e]o lkhe_ÂŽ]_]o( _kj h] bej]he`]` `a mqa ^]fa ah ÂŽj`e_a `ahe_perk aj ao]o vkj]o `a i]ukn lnaoaj_e]( ĂŽ`kj`a raiko mqa hko h]`nkjao qpehev]j h] rekhaj) _e] $nkilaj lqanp]o u _ann]) `qn]o% l]n] hhar]noa ]l]n]pko u fku]oĂ?* OaÂ’]h“ mqa jk k^op]jpa ah ]qiajpk `a hko lkn_ajp]fao `ahe_perko( d]u naoqhp]`ko lknmqa pk`ko hko `ÂŽ]o okj `apaje`ko mqea) jao oa `a`e_]j ] ao]o ]_pere`]`ao

Bei bWZhed[i kj_b_pWd bW l_eb[dY_W hecf[d fk[hjWi o Y[hhWZkhWi fWhW bb[lWhi[ WfWhWjei o `eoWi

ehÂŽ_ep]o( ĂŽlkn hk p]jpk oa d]_a qj pn]^]fk ]n`qk u oa _ki^]pa ah _neiaj h]o .0 dkn]oĂ?* Hqack( ah lnk_qn]`kn `ap]hh“ mqa oa lnaoajp]j ]hna`a`kn `a ., nk^ko `e]neko ] _]o] d]^ep]) _e“j aj hko _q]pnk iqje_eleko iƒo cn]j`ao `a h] ajpe`]`7 ĂŽlank _kj qj okhk nk^k mqa ateop]( oa aopƒ rqhjan]j`k h] oacqne`]` `a h]o b]iehe]o u lkn oqlqaopk oq a_kjkiÂŽ]Ă?* Ajoacqe`]( _kjoe`an“ mqa d]_a b]hp] iƒo pn]^]fk aj h] i]pane] `a lnaraj_e“j `ah `ahepk( ĂŽao] l]npa mqa hao _knnaolkj`a ] hko ]uqjp]ieajpko u mqa _kjoeopa aj pajan ]_an_]ieajpk _kj h]o lanokj]o a eilhaiajp]n kpn]o ia`e`]o _kj h] lk^h]_e“jĂ?* =npqnk @ÂŽ]v lqjpq]hev“ mqa ah ej_naiajpk `ah -, lkn _eajpk aj nk^ko ] _]o] d]^ep]_e“j ao _kjoe`an]^ha( ĂŽlkn aok h] eilkn) p]j_e] `a mqa h] cajpa `ajqj_e]( mqa d]c] h] hh]i]`] ] h]o _kn) lkn]_ekjao aj _q]jpk `apa_pa ] qj] lanokj] k ikreieajpko okola_dkoko aj oq ^]nnekĂ?* OaÂ’]h“ mqa qjk `a hko b]_) pknao mqa `eol]n“ h] ej_e`aj_e] _neiej]hÂŽope_] ao ah `aoailhak7 ĂŽiq_d] cajpa lnapaj`a mqa pk`k ha _]ec] `ah _eahk u jk mqeanaj lkjanoa ] pn]^]f]n( ]`aiƒo `a mqa qj cn]j j˜iank `a ]`e_pko oa `a`e_]j ] aop] ]_pere`]` l]n] _kiln]n h]o oqop]j_e]oĂ?( bej]hev“ ah lnk_qn]`kn aop]p]h* .D J7F?HE

BW Z[Y_i_ÂŒd i[ jecÂŒ fWhW gk[ de i[ lk[blWd Âşfk[Xbei i_d b[oÂť

Feb_Y‡W ;ijWjWb Fh[l[dj_lW l_]_bW bW pedW [d Yed\b_Yje b_c‡jhe\[ 9ehfehWY_ed[i Z[

9eb_cW o CWdpWd_bbe ied [dYWh]WZWi Z[ bW ieX[hWd‡W [ijWjWb 9eb_cW3?\`[` [\ C\�e >lk`„ii\q

1

]n] arep]n mqa h] vkj] heiÂŽ) pnkba ajpna ?khei] u F]heo_k oa _kjreanp] aj qj lqa^hk oej hau( h] Lkhe_ÂŽ] Aop]p]h Lnarajper] $LAL% u h]o _knlkn]_ekjao lkhe_ÂŽ]_]o `a ?khei] u I]jv]jehhk( okj h]o aj_]nc]`]o `a lnaop]n h] receh]j_e] aj h] vkj]*

Hk ]jpanekn hk ejbkni“ ah `ena_pkn `a h] LAL DŠ_pkn >]qpeop] Rƒvmqav( mqeaj oajpaj_e“ mqa aopa da_dk d] laniepe`k mqa aj h]o _kiqje`]`ao `kj`a F]heo_k ha aopƒ `eolqp]j`k ah pannepknek ] ?khei]( d]u] qj _eanpk _hei] `a pn]jmqehe`]`* Aj h] ajpnareop]( ah `ena_pkn `a h] _knlkn]_e“j lkhe_e]_] aop]p]h `af“ ^eaj _h]nk mqa h] receh]j_e] oa aopƒ `]j`k( lknmqa hko ieoiko d]^ep]j) pao `a _kiqje`]`ao aj _kjbhe_pk aopƒj okhe_ep]j`k oacqne`]` l˜^he_] _kj h] bej]he`]` `a arep]n _kjbhe_pko ra_ej]hao( nk^ko( k ne’]o* = qj] lnacqjp]( nabene“ mqa h] Lkhe_Ž] Ba`an]h Lnarajper] $LBL% `af“

`a lnaop]n h] receh]j_e] aj h] vkj] _q]j`k oa `ek _qajp] mqa jk d]^Ž] jejc˜j `k_qiajpk mqa hko k^hec]n] ] l]pnqhh]n h]o _kiqje`]`ao aj _kjbhe_pk( lkn hk p]jpk oa napen]nkj( ok^na pk`k `a h]o _kiqje`]`ao `a Lh]j `a IŠj`av aj Iej]pephƒj u h] ?qha^n] aj I]jv]jehhk* ?]^a na_kn`]n mqa h] Oa_nap]nŽ] `a Ck^anj]_e“j( _q]j`k ah pepq) h]n an] Bn]j_eo_k N]iŽnav =_q’]( `apaniej“ mqa h] LBL receh]nŽ] h] vkj] aj _kjbhe_pk( u hko ajpkj_ao ck^anj]`knao `a ?khei] u F]heo_k Oehranek ?]r]vko ?a^]hhko u Aiehek Ckjvƒhav( aopqreankj `a ]_qan`k( lank ah _kjrajek f]iƒo oa beni“*

;b [djh[dWc_[dje feb_Y_Wb b[i f[hc_j[ [d\h[djWh Z_l[hiWi Yedj_d][dY_Wi Lkn hk p]jpk( i]jebaop“ mqa ] n]Žv `ah napenk `a h] LBL( h] lkhe_Ž] aop]p]h ajpn“ ] lnaop]n h] receh]j) _e] u ok^na pk`k ] n]Žv `a mqa h] lnkle] LBL na_kjk_e“ mqa peajaj lk_k lanokj]h l]n] lk`an _qilhen _kj oq bqj_e“j*

=jpao `a _kj_hqen( ah bqj_ekj]nek lkhe_e]h DŠ_pkn >]qpeop] Rƒvmqav nabene“ mqa oacqenƒj lnaop]j`k h] receh]j_e] aj ah hqc]n( aj p]jpk ah oaj]`k jk naoqahr] `a mqeŠj okj h]o peann]o aj `eolqp]( oe `a ?khei] k F]heo_k*.D


cWhj[i '' Z[ CWoe Z[ (&'&

FWhW bei ^_`ei Z[ bWi ck`[h[i h[Ybk_ZWi

=kWhZ[h W Z[djhe Z[b 9[h[ie" [i W d kd fheo[Yje :[ '-& fh[iWi" ')'

ied cWZh[i" i[] d ZWjei gk[ Xh_dZW H[WZWfjWY_ d IeY_Wb 9eb_cW3 ?C>

&

j hko ln teiko iaoao( ah ?ajpnk `a Na]`]lp]_e j Ok_e]h $?anaok% `a ?khei] paj`n qj] cq]n`an ] l]n] lk`an ]paj`an ] hko defko `a h]o iqfa) nao na_hqe`]o aj lneoe j( j]_e`ko `ajpnk `ah _ajpnk( hk ]jpanekn hk ejbeni ah `ena_pkn `a Na]`]l) p]_e j Ok_e]h `a ck^eanjk `ah aop]`k( Cqehhanik J]r]nnapa* Aj ah na] baiajeh d]u -3, iqfanao `apaje`]o( `a h] _q]hao -/- okj i]`nao( lank jk pk`]o lqa`aj pajan ] oqo defko _an_] `a ahh]o( `a^e`k ] mqa ah ?anaok je) _]iajpa laniepa mqa hko je ko lani]jav_]j aj ah hqc]n d]op] mqa _qilhaj / ] ko* Qj] rav mqa ah iajkn hhac] ] h] a`]` h iepa l]n] reren _kj oq lnkcajepkn] ]h ejpanekn `ah laj]h( ao ajpnac]`k ] oqo b]iehe]nao( u aj _]ok `a mqa jk d]u] j]`ea mqa oa mqean] d]_an naolkjo]^ha `ah ejb]jpa( oa okhe_ep] ah ]lkuk ]h @EB aop]p]h l]n] oq _qe`]`k*

=jpa aop] oepq]_e j( ah `ena_pkn `a Na]`]lp]_e j Ok_e]h _kjoe`an bqj`]iajp]h mqa ah ?anaok _qajpa _kj oq lnkle] cq]n`an ]( _kj h] bej]) he`]` `a mqa h]o iqfanao lqa`]j pajan ] oqo defko ieajpn]o lqnc]j oq _kj`aj]* D]op] ah ikiajpk d]u oaeo ^a^ao mqa reraj _kj oqo i]`nao ]h ejpanekn `a h] lneoe j( Îh] `a_eoe j `a mqa oa mqa`aj _kj ahh]o _q]j`k j]_aj ao `a h] lnkle] i]i ( u jkokpnko aop]iko k^hec]`ko ] lnklkn_ekj]nha hko _qe`]`ko ja_ao]neko l]n] mqa ah je k pajc] ^qaj]o _kj`e_ekjao `a deceajaÏ( oajpaj_e J]r]nnapa* Ah ?anaok lnk_qn] mqa h]o iqfa) nao mqa ]_]^]j `a oan i]`nao rer]j aj qj] _ah`] oej _kil] ]( lank _q]j`k `e_d] oepq]_e j jk ao lkoe^ha Îoa ^qo_] mqa aop j aj qj hqc]n `kj`a jk d]u] `ai]oe]`]o na_hqo]o ]oecj]`]oÏ* =oeieoik( ] ]mqahh]o iqfanao mqa ]_]^]j `a l]nen ]h ejpanekn `ah ?anaok( oa hao `eolajo]j oqo ]_pere`]`ao u peajaj oanre_ek i `e_k _kjop]jpa( lank ]`ai o Cqehhanik J]r]nnapa nabene mqa ah laj]h oa d]_a _]nck `a hko ejoqiko `ah na_e j j]_e`k d]op] mqa opa ]^]j`kj] ah na_hqoknek* Ah lnkua_pk l]n] h] ejop]h]_e j `a qj] cq]n`an ] aop ]r]jv]j`k( lank ] j jk d]u j]`] _kj_napk( ok^napk`k h] ejranoe j mqa oa ja_aoep]n ]*.D

;d [ijW WZc_d_ijhWY_ d i[ ^Wd b_X[hWZe '&*

;b ]eX[hdWZeh [djh[] Wo[h +- fh[b_X[hWY_ed[i 9eb_cW3D`c\e`f

%

ajpnk `ah @ ] ok_e]h `a h]o I]`nao( lkn d]^an _q^eanpk hko namqeoepko aop]^ha_e`ko lkn h] hau( u d]^an ikopn]`k pkp]h na]`]lp]_e j( ah ck^anj]`kn `ah Aop]`k( I]nek =jcqe]jk Iknajk ajpnac 13 lnahe^an]_ekjao ] ecq]h j iank `a ejpanjko `a hko ?ajpnko `a Na]`]lp]_e j Ok_e]h `a ?khei] u I]jv]jehhk* Aj ah ]_pk( ah i]j`]p]nek aop]p]h naepan h] `eolkoe_e j `a oq ]`iejeopn]_e j lkn Új_]n h]o ^]oao `a qj jqark bqpqnk( `kj`a ah naolapk ]h Aop]`k `a @ana_dk oa ra] eilqho]`k _kj ah bknp]ha_eieajpk `a h] _qhpqn] `a h] lnaraj_e j u na]`]lp]_e j* =oeieoik( atlnao mqa aj ah Ck^eanjk `ah Aop]`k lnar]ha_a

ah naolapk ] h] hac]he`]`( _kj eil]npe_e j `a fqope_e] ]lac]`] ] `ana_dk( lkn hk mqa ]oacqn mqa jk oa _]an aj at_aoko aj h] ]lhe_]_e j `a h] fqope_e]( u] mqa jk d]u ejpan o `a `aikopn]n bqanv] ejja_ao]ne]* Cqehhanik J]r]nnapa V]ikn]( `ena_pkn `a Lnaraj_e j u Na]`]lp]_e j Ok_e]h( ejbkni mqa aj hk mqa r] `ah ck^eanjk `a I]nek =jcqe]jk Iknajk oa d]j ajpnac]`k -,0 lnahe^an]_ekjao ] ejpanjko mqa _kilnk^]nkj )_kj da_dko) aop]n na]`]lp]`ko( lkn hk mqa oa hao ^nej` qj] jqar] klknpqje`]` `a re`] u oq naejpa) cn]_e j ] h] ok_ea`]`* =oeieoik( `ek ] _kjk_an mqa .0 ejpanjko `ah kn`aj ba`an]h p]i^e j bqankj lnahe^an]`ko( u] mqa _qilheankj _kj hko namqeoe) pko ^ oe_ko l]n] ahhk*.D

FM UFNB


cWhj[i '' Z[ CWoe Z[ (&'&

$PMJNB ?d[nf[h_[dY_W Z[ @eiƒ 7djed_e EhepYe" bW YWkiW Z[b _dYh[c[dje W Z[kZW Z[ f[di_ed[i0 b‡Z[h i_dZ_YWb

H[ifediWX_b_pWd W [n WbYWbZ[ _dj[h_de feh WbpW [d WZ[kZei I;H=?E 9;HL7DJ;I

;if[hW gk[ [d [b

c[i Z[ `kb_e" Ă…hc[d Yedl[d_e Z[ fW]e Yed f[di_ed[i

&

B[ÂŒd 7bWc [nfkie gk[ [b i_dZ_YWje o @eiƒ ?]dWY_e F[hWbjW ieij_[d[d fb|j_YWi ieXh[ kd Yedl[d_e feh [b WZ[kZe iqje_el]hao `a^eankj Ăšni]n _kj h] @ena__e“j `a Lajoekjao ?erehao `ah ck^eanjk `ah aop]`k( lank ĂŽjk _qilheankjĂ?* Ha“j =h]i ]oacqn“ mqa ah ej) panej]pk `a Knkv_k O]j`kr]h ĂŽbqa jab]opkĂ? l]n] hko pn]^]f]`knao oej) `e_]hev]`ko( lknmqa bqa qj lanek`k aj ah mqa ĂŽdq^k iq_d] ej_kjoeo) paj_e]( b]hp] `a _kkn`ej]_e“jĂ?* U ]cnac“ mqa ah ]_pq]h ck^an) j]`kn( I]nek =jcqe]jk Iknajk( _q]j`k le`e“ he_aj_e] ]h ?]^eh`k `ah ]uqjp]ieajpk `a ?khei] l]n]

@[i‘i EhepYe0 C[Z_|j_YW bW YecfWh[Y[dY_W

:[iYWhjWd gk[ I_bl[h_e W\[Yj[ bWi h[bWY_ed[i =eX_[hde0 i[ Z[X[ [if[hWh YedYbki_Œd Z[ F=@; o F=H 9eb_cW3?\`[` [\ C\�e >lk`„ii\q

&

h oa_nap]nek cajan]h `a Ck) ^eanjk( Fao˜o Knkv_k =hb]nk( `ao_]np“ mqa h] lnklqaop] da_d] lkn hko l]npe`ko `a klkoe_e“j l]n] mqa ah at ck^anj]`kn Oehranek ?]r]vko ?a^]hhko _kil]nav_] aj ah ?kjcnaok( ]ba_pa h] nah]_e“j `ah ck^eanjk aop]p]h _kj h]o `ebanajpao bqanv]o lkhŽpe_]o aj h] ajpe`]`* Ah bqj_ekj]nek _kjoe`an“ mqa h] lape_e“j l]n] mqa ah at i]j`]p]nek

/+ Z[ c_]hWdj[i

9eb_cW3<:D

&

I[Yh[jWh_e Z[

Fh[eYkfW gk[ 9Wb_\ehd_W WZefj[ bW B[o Z[ 7h_pedW l_l[d [d 9Wb_\ehd_W" Eh[]ed D[lWZW o MWi^_d]jed0 =WhY‡W

9eb_cW3<c`qXY\k_ :Xjk`ccf D„e[\q

h oa_nap]nek cajan]h `ah Oej`e_]pk `a hko Pn]) ^]f]`knao ]h Oanre_ek `ah =uqjp]ieajpk `a ?khei]( DŠ_pkn =npqnk Ha“j =h]i( naolkjo]^ehev“ ]h at ]h_]h`a ejpanejk FkoŠ =jpkjek Knkv_k O]j`kr]h( `ah ej_naiajpk $`a ., iehhkjao `a laoko% `a h] `aq`] mqa ]_pq]hiajpa peaja ah iqje_elek _kj ah Bkj`k `a Lajoekjao ?erehao `ah ck^eanjk `ah aop]`k* Ajpnareop]`k ok^na ah pai]( `qn]jpa ah baopafk mqa _kj ikpe) rk `ah @Ž] `a h] I]`na kbna_e“ h] Lnaoe`aj_e] Iqje_el]h `a ?khei]( ] h]o pn]^]f]`kn]o `a aopa ]uqjp]) ieajpk mqa okj i]`nao `a b]iehe]( `efk mqa h] b]hp] `a atlaneaj_e] `a Knkv_k O]j`kr]h $]_pq]h `ena_pkn `ah Ejopepqpk l]n] h] =paj_e“j ] hko =`qhpko aj Lhajepq` `ah ck^eanjk `ah aop]`k%( k_]oekj“ mqa `qn]jpa oq ejpanej]pk $i]nvk)-1 `a k_pq^na `a .,,5% oa ej_naiajp]nƒ `e_d] `aq`]* Oa’]h“ mqa `qn]jpa ah ejpanej]pk `a Knkv_k O]j`kr]h( ah ]uqjp]) ieajpk `a ?khei] u ah oej`e_]pk ]_kn`]nkj qj _kjrajek `a l]ck `a h] `aq`]( ieoik mqa h]o ]qpkne`]`ao

Feh c_]hWdj[i Z[ 9eb_cW

]_h]na h] oepq]_e“j `a h]o Ăšj]jv]o ao) p]p]hao( mqa dana`“ ]h ]_pq]h ck^an) j]`kn( ao qj ]oqjpk ia`eƒpe_k mqa jk peaja i]ukn oqopajpk( ok^na pk`k lknmqa h] Lnk_qn]`qnÂŽ] `a Fqope_e] `ah Aop]`k u h] LCN aopƒj ejraopec]j`k ah lkoe^ha ajnemqa_eieajpk ehÂŽ_epk `ah at ck^anj]`kn* Hko `elqp]`ko `ah L=J u ah ha) ceoh]`kn `a Jqar] =he]jv]( Je_khƒo ?kjpnan]o ?knpŠo( aj h] iƒo na_eajpa oaoe“j `ah ?kjcnaok aop]p]h okhe_ep]nkj h] _kil]na_aj_e] `ah at ck^anj]`kn Oehranek ?]r]vko( lank ah LNE u ah LP i]jebaop]nkj mqa jk ao ja_ao]nek( lknmqa h]o ]qpkne`]`ao laj]hao u] aopƒj d]_eaj`k oq ejraopec]_e“j( qj] rav mqa ah `elqp]`k ba`an]h l]jeop]( Hakj_ek Iknƒj Oƒj_dav( ejpanlqok qj] `ajqj_e] laj]h aj _kjpn] `ah

oal]n]noa `a oqo bqj_ekjao _kik ]h_]h`a lkn peailk ej`aÚje`k( Îd]^Ž] `af]`k qj aomqai] $Új]j) _eank% lnal]n]`k ( _kj ah _q]h oa dq^ean] _q^eanpk h] `aq`] mqa aj aoa ikiajpk ]h_]jv]^] hko k_dk iehhkjao `a laoko* Ah `enecajpa `a hko pn]^]f]`knao oej`e_]hev]`ko _kjoe`an“ mqa ao) p]^]j `]`]o h]o _kj`e_ekjao l]n] mqa oa _q^nean] aopa ]`aq`k( Î`ao) cn]_e]`]iajpa _]`] _]^av] ao qj iqj`k( u _nak mqa dq^k `ao_qe`k k ennaolkjo]^ehe`]` `a hko bqj_ek)

j]neko mqa aj aoa ikiajpk aj_]) ^av]^]j h] ]`iejeopn]_e“jĂ?* Naola_pk ] oe ah ]h_]h`a( FkoŠ Ec) j]_ek Lan]hp] Oƒj_dav( u] Ăšni“ qj _kjrajek _kj h] @ena__e“j `a Lajoekjao ?erehao l]n] _q^nen ah ]`aq`k `a hko ., i`l( atlqok mqa ah oej`e_]pk u ah a`eh _]lep]hejk okopeajaj lhƒpe_]o ok^na aopa ]oqj) pk( lkn hk mqa `efk aolan]n mqa( ] iƒo p]n`]n h] lneian] mqej_aj] `a fqjek oa ]h_]j_a qj ]_qan`k l]n] mqa ah ]uqjp]ieajpk ailea_a ] l]c]n aop] `aq`]* .D

‰4JMWFSJP BDFQUB DPNQBSFDFSŠ ;b ]eX[hdWZeh CWh_e 7d]k_Wde Ceh[de ]oacqn“ mqa ah at i]j`]p]nek aop]p]h `ena_p]iajpa ]jpanekn ] Šh( Oehranek ?]r]vko ?a^]hhko( jk peaja i]ukn lnk^hai] aj _kil]na_an aj ah ?kjcnaok `ah Aop]`k( u okopqrk mqa Šh oeailna d] ikopn]`k oq `eolkoe_e“j* ĂŽBahe_epk ]h at ck^anj]`kn Oehranek ?]r]vko lkn ao] ]lanpqn]( u d]op] `kj`a pajck ajpaj`e`k aopƒ _kj pk`] h] `eolkoe_e“j l]n] d]_anhk oe d]u ja_aoe`]` u oe oa fqopebe_]Ă?( _kj_hqu“ ah Afa_qperk _kheiajoa* 9eb_cW3?C>

at i]j`]p]nek* =jpa aopk( Knkv_k =hb]nk oajpaj_e“ mqa aopa pai] jk `a^a ]ba_p]n h] nah]_e“j `ah ck^eanjk `a I]nek =jcqe]jk _kj hko l]npe`ko `a klkoe_e“j( ok^na pk`k( `efk mqa u] ateopa qj] ]caj`] `a pai]o aj hko mqa `a^anƒj `a pn]^]f]n hko l]npe`ko u ah lnklek ck^anj]`kn* ĂŽAj ah pn]jo_qnok `a hko iaoao u `a hko ln“teiko ]Â’ko( oqncenƒj kpnko pai]o mqa k^hec]nƒj ] mqa ah ck^eanjk aop]p]h i]jpajc] h] ej) panhk_q_e“j _kj hko l]npe`ko* Aopa ]oqjpk `a h] atecaj_e] l]n] mqa _kil]nav_] ?]r]vko( ao ia`eƒpe_k

k lkhÂŽpe_k7 pk`ko o]^aiko mqa h] nareoe“j `a h] _qajp] l˜^he_] `a Ck^eanjk `ah Aop]`k( mqa _knnao) lkj`a ]h oacqj`k oaiaopna `ah ]Â’k l]o]`k( jk d] _kj_hqe`k u _nak mqa d]u ]__ekjao fqnÂŽ`e_]o mqa aopƒj _]iej]j`k u `a^aiko `a aolan]n oq _kj_hqoe“jĂ?( `efk* Lkn ˜hpeik( Fao˜o Knkv_k =hb]nk ]oacqn“ mqa h] `aq`] l˜^he_] `a h] ]`iejeopn]_e“j aop]p]h ao `a Ieh .,, iehhkjao `a laoko ]lnktei]) `]iajpa u jk `a hko / ieh iehhk) jao `a laoko mqa ]hcqjko ]_pknao lkhÂŽpe_ko d]j _kiajp]`k*.D

h _kkn`ej]`kn `a =paj_e“j ] Iecn]jpao ?kheiajoao `a h] Oa_nap]nÂŽ] Cajan]h `a Ck^eanjk( O]jpko C]n_ÂŽ] O]j) pe]ck( i]jebaop“ oq lnak_ql]_e“j lkn h] lkoe^ehe`]` `a mqa aj ?]he) bknje] u kpnko aop]`ko `a h] vkj] kaopa `a Aop]`ko Qje`ko eilqhoaj eje_e]per]o `a Hau `a Iecn]_e“j( oeieh]nao ] h] haceoh]_e“j O>-,3, `a =nevkj]( u] mqa aj ao] ƒna] oa _kj_ajpn] ah 51 lkn _eajpk `a hko _kheiajoao mqa iecn]j ] pannepknek aop]`kqje`ajoa* =oÂŽ( `aop]_“ mqa oac˜j `]pko `ah ?kjoafk J]_ekj]h `a Lk^h]_e“j $?kj]lk%( `ah Ejopepqpk J]_ekj]h `a Aop]`ÂŽope_] u Cakcn]bÂŽ] $Ejace% u ah ?khacek `a h] Bnkjpan] Jknpa7 _]oe h] pkp]he`]` `a hko _kheiajoao mqa iecn]j ] Aop]`ko Qje`ko oa ]oeajp]j aj ?]hebknje]( Knackj Jar]`] u S]odejcpkj* Ej`e_“ mqa( ]qj _q]j`k ateopa h] lkoe^ehe`]` `a mqa ]qpkne`]`ao `a ]hcqj]o ajpe`]`ao `a Aop]`ko Qje`ko )_kik Ieookqne( Lajjouh) r]je]( ?]nkhej] `ah Oqn( Iejaokp]( Pat]o u ?khkn]`k) ]j]he_aj _kik lkoe^ha eilqho]n qj] hau oeieh]n ] h] ĂŽO>-,3,Ă? `a =nevkj]( oanÂŽ] iƒo lnak_ql]jpa mqa aopa pelk `a haceo) h]_e“j oa eilqhoa aj ?]hebknje]( ajpe`]` mqa _kj_ajpn] ah i]ukn j˜iank `a iecn]jpao `a ?khei] u ah naopk `ah l]ÂŽo* O]jpko C]n_ÂŽ] aopei“ mqa oe ?]hebknje]( Jar]`]( Knackj k S]odejcpkj( jk ]`klp]j qj] Hau `a Iecn]_e“j oeieh]n ] h] `a =nevkj]( ĂŽjk jko r] ] ckhla]n aj h] ieoi] lnklkn_e“j( mqa oe oa ]`klp] aj kpn]o ajpe`]`aoĂ? `a h] Qje“j =iane_]j]* =_h]n“ mqa d]op] ah ikiajpk( aop] `alaj`aj_e] jk peaja nalknpa ]hcqjk `a mqa d]u] _kheiajoao ajpna hko ej`k_qiajp]`ko `apaje`ko lkn h]o ]qpkne`]`ao `a =nevkj]( hqack `a mqa hko _kjcnaoeop]o ]lnk^]n]j h] Hau `a Iecn]_e“j ĂŽO>-,3,Ă?( h] _q]h d]^nƒ `a aop]n aj reckn aj ah iao `a fqhek* Oej ai^]nck( ah _kkn`ej]`kn `a =paj_e“j ] hko Iecn]jpao ?kheiaj) oao nao]hp“ mqa oÂŽ oa d]j na_e^e`k ajpna 3 q 4 hh]i]`]o pahab“je_]o `a i]`nao `a b]iehe] mqa reraj aj h] ajpe`]`( mqeajao d]j i]je) baop]`k oq lnak_ql]_e“j lkn mqa oqo defko k aolkoko( mqa n]`e_]j aj =nevkj]( oa]j ]ba_p]`ko lkn aop] hau p]j haoer] u rekh]pkne] `a hko `ana_dko dqi]jko* .D


D@C<E@F

cWhj[i '' Z[ CWoe Z[ (&'&

<EJEI0 ;B?P78;J> 97IJ?BBE

Bei Z[b[]WZei HWc d 9WijW [ZW Ceh|d o C_]k[b 8[Y[hhW >[hd|dZ[p

CedjWh|d [nfei_Y_ d [d `WhZ d B_X[hjWZ

:Wh|d W YedeY[h be]hei Z[b ]eX_[hde \[Z[hWb [d bW [dj_ZWZ CW WdW _d_Y_W

bW `ehdWZW \[Z[hWb _d\ehcWj_lW o YedYbko[ [b `k[l[i 9eb_cW3<c`qXY\k_ :Xjk`ccf D e[\q

$

kj ah k^faperk `a `ebqj`en hko ^ajaÚ_eko i o nahar]jpao ]h_]jv]`ko( ] pn]r o `a hko lnkcn]i]o u ]__ekjao ba`an]hao( aj lnk `a h] lk^h]_e j _kheiajoa( aopa ie n_khao u fqarao pk`]o h]o `ahac]_ekjao ikjp]n j qj] at) lkoe_e j `ajkiej]`] ÎHko hkcnko `ah ck^eanjk ba`an]h aj ?khei]Ï aj ah f]n` j He^anp]`* Hk ]jpanekn bqa ejbkni]`k lkn hko `ahac]`ko `a h] Oa_nap]n ] `ah Ia`ek =i^eajpa u Na_qnoko J]) pqn]hao $Oai]nj]p%( N] h =nna`kj) `k J]r]7 `ah Ejopepqpk Iate_]jk `ah Oacqnk Ok_e]h $EIOO%( Iecqah >a_ann] Danj j`av7 u `a h] Oa_na) p]n ] `a A_kjki ] $OA%( N]i j ?]op] a`] Ikn j* Aj ajpnareop] l]n] IEHAJEK ?K) HEI=( hko bqj_ekj]neko ba`an]hao _kiajp]nkj mqa aj aop] fknj]`] ba`an]h ejbkni]per] l]npe_el]n j 13 `ahac]_ekjao( ieoi]o mqa `]n j qj ejbknia ] `ap]hha `a pk`ko u _]`] qjk `a hko lnkcn]i]o ba`an]hao* Oa ]h]nkj mqa( l]n] `]n ] _kjk_an hko hkcnko i o nahar]jpao `ah ck) ^eanjk ba`an]h aj ah aop]`k( `ajpnk `ah i]n_k `a pn]jol]naj_e] u naj) `e_e j `a _qajp]o h]o `ahac]_ekjao _khk_]n j ]lnktei]`]iajpa /., i]il]n]o u 2, laj`kjao( aj hko _q]hao oa atlkj`n ejbkni]_e j ok^na hko lnkcn]i]o mqa h] Ba`a) n]_e j na]hev] aj h] ajpe`]`* Atlqoeankj mqa( ]`ai o `a h] atlkoe_e j( h]o oa_nap]n ]o ba`an]) hao pn]oh]`]n j ]hcqj]o kÚ_ej]o `a ]paj_e j ] h] lk^h]_e j ]h f]n` j He^anp]` u hko `ahac]`ko aop]n j ]paj`eaj`k `ena_p]iajpa ] h] lk^h]_e j _kheiajoa* @aop]_]nkj mqa h] ej]qcqn]_e j `a aop] atlkoe_e j aop]n ] _]nck

:[b[]WZe HW b 7hh[ZedZe DWlW `ah lnk_qn]`kn ba`an]h `ah ?kj) oqie`kn( =jpkjek Ikn]hao `a h] La ]( u `ah ck^anj]`kn `ah aop]`k( I]nek =jcqe]jk Iknajk* =h d]^h]n `a hko hkcnko i o naha) r]jpao ]h_]jv]`ko lkn ah ck^eanjk ba`an]h( =nna`kj`k J]r] `efk mqa aj ah _]ok `a h] Oai]nj]p nao]hp] h] eilknp]j_e] `ah Lnkcn]i] `a =lkuk Pailkn]h( aj ah _q]h oa lnk) ua_p] cajan]n aj aopa ] k . ieh 3,, ailhako aj h]o _kiqje`]`ao _kj i]uknao j`e_ao `a i]ncej]_e j aj ah aop]`k* Lkn oq l]npa( >a_ann] Danj j) `av iaj_ekj mqa okj `a oqi] eilknp]j_e] hko hkcnko ]h_]jv]`ko lkn ah EIOO aj h] ajpe`]`( _kik h] na]hev]_e j `a /, _enqc ]o ]h ` ] u ah ]paj`an _kj hko oanre_eko i `e_ko ] i o `a h] iep]` `a h] lk^h]_e j _kheiajoa* =o ( ?]op] a`] Ikn j `efk mqa laoa ] h] _neoeo a_kj ie_]( h] OA ]h) _]jv n _kn`o deop ne_ko aj i]pane] `a Új]j_e]ieajpk ] h]o ailnao]o _kheiajoao `qn]jpa .,,4 u .,,5( u ]cnac mqa `a .,,2 ] .,,4 oa `qlhe_]nkj h]o atlknp]_ekjao _kj _anpeÚ_]`ko `a knecaj*.D

$PMJNB


$PMJNB

D@C<E@F

cWhj[i '' Z[ CWoe Z[ (&'&

>WijW W^ehW \kdY_edWd '* [iYk[bWi Z[ [ij[ j_fe [d 9eb_cW0 i[Yh[jWh_e Z[ ;ZkYWY_ d

Fh[j[dZ[d _dYh[c[djWh bWi [iYk[bWi Z[ j_[cfe Yecfb[je J7F?HE

>Wo fb|j_YWi fWhW

_dj[]hWh - Z[ ckbj_]hWZe1 [cf[pWh|d ][ij_ed[i fWhW WhhWdYWh ejhWi '& 9eb_cW3@mfee\ 9XiXaXj

-

]o ]qpkne`]`ao a`q_]per]o lnapaj`aj ej_naiajp]n h]o ao_qah]o `a peailk _kilha) pk aj ah aop]`k `a ?khei]6 d]op] ]dkn] bqj_ekj]j -0( lank u] aop j aj lh pe_]o l]n] ejpacn]n kpnko oea) pa lh]jpahao `a pelk iqhpecn]`k $]mq hh]o `kj`a ah ieoik lnkbaokn ]peaj`a d]op] ] `ko k pnao cnqlko7 ]oajp]`]o `a i]jan] l]npe_qh]n aj h]o _kiqje`]`ao nqn]hao%7 _kj aoko oqi]n ]j .-* =`ai o( _kjpe) jq]n j d]_eaj`k caopekjao l]n] ejpacn]n `eav ao_qah]o i o( lna) banajpaiajpa _kj_ajpn]`]o aj h] vkj] qn^]j]* ÎAh lnkcn]i] aop oeaj`k atepk) ok( aola_e]hiajpa lkn ah _kilnk) ieok `a hko l]l o u hko `k_ajpao( ok^napk`k lknmqa oeailna aop j reaj`k h] i]jan] aj h] mqa lqa`aj bknp]ha_an aopa aomqai]Ï( ]lqjp Ba`ane_k N]jcah Hkv]jk( oa_na) p]nek `a A`q_]_e j `ah ck^eanjk `ah aop]`k( mqeaj na_eajpaiajpa okopqrk qj aj_qajpnk _kj Fq`epd Hkuk( _kkn`ej]`kn] klan]per] `a h]o ao_qah]o `a peailk _kilhapk* @qn]jpa h] reoep] `a `e_d] bqj_ekj]ne] ba`an]h( oa nareo ah bqj_ekj]ieajpk `a h]o ao_qah]o `a peailk _kilhapk6 ah qok `ah peailk( h] lnal]n]_e j `a hko ]heiajpko( h] _]l]_ep]_e j ] hko `k_ajpao( u hko ]r]j_ao `a hko ]hqijko7 oa _kj_hqu mqa ah lnkcn]i] o aop nej`eaj`k bnqpko u mqa aop `]j`k qj] bkn) i]_e j ejpacn]h ] hko aopq`e]jpao `ah jerah ^ oe_k*

:_h_]_Zei W fWZh[i

Z[ \Wc_b_W gk[ Z[i[[d fh[l[d_h WYY_Z[dj[i [d iki \Wc_b_Wi 9eb_cW3@9

-

ko rkhqjp]neko `a h] ?nqv Nkf] eil]npen j _qnoko `a lneianko ]qteheko( hko ` ]o .5 u /, `a i]uk* H] ejpaj_e j ao mqa h] lk^h]_e j aj cajan]h pajc] dann]ieajp]o l]n] ]_pq]n aj _]ok `a mqa kpn] lanokj] aop aj neaock `a iknen lkn ]oÚte]( ]dkc]ieajpk( ajpna kpnko ]__e`ajpao* H]o lneian]o ejpanraj_ekjao klknpqj]o okj _nq_e]hao l]n] o]hr]n qj] re`]* Can]n`k Ao_]h]jpa( _kkn`ej]`kn aop]p]h `a _]lp]_e j `a bkj`ko `a h] ?nqv Nkf]( atlhe_ mqa ] aopko _qnoko ]_q`aj( lnej_el]hiajpa( l]`nao `a b]iehe] mqa mqeanaj _kilnaj`an _ ik ]_pq]n( aj _]ok `a mqa oqo defko oqbn]j qj ]__e`ajpa*

8h[l[i

;d [b hkXhe jkh ij_Ye

9Wb_\_YWd Z[ \WXkbeie [b jhWXW`e Z[ 7d]k_Wde Ah ck^anj]`kn `a Aop]`k( I]nek =jcqe]jk Iknajk( aop na]hev]j`k pn]^]fk Îb]^qhkokÏ ]h caopekj]n ei) lknp]jpao ]_qan`ko l]n] h] _na]_e j `a `ebanajpao `ao]nnkhhko pqn ope_ko aj ah aop]`k( ]oacqn ah `qa k `a h] =caj_e] `a Re]fao ÎR]iko ]ÅÏ( Fknca R vmqav Ikjpao* Ej`e_ mqa ]h _kj_nap]n lnkua_pko p]j ]i^e_ekoko _kik ah `ao]nnkhhk Eoh] `a J]re`]`)La ] >h]j_]( ah i]j) `]p]nek ]oacqn] iq_dko ^ajabe_eko l]n] ah aop]`k( lqao oa ej_naiajp]n j h]o bqajpao `a ailhak u h] `ann]i] a_kj ie_] aj I]jv]jehhk*

;d j[cfehWZW Z[ YWbeh

7Zl_[hj[d Z[ X[X_ZWi h_[i]eiWi fWhW bW iWbkZ H] Oa_nap]n ] `a O]hq` ]`renpe mqa h] ejcaop] `a h mqe`ko _kj _]ba j]( ]vq_]n]`ko k ^a^e`]o ]h_kd he_]o ao qj neaock l]n] h] o]hq`( u] mqa lnkrk_]j h] l n`e`] `a h mqe`ko _knlkn]hao* Oa na_kieaj`] ] h] lk^h]_e j arep]n ]_pko l ^he_ko( `alknpao( _anaikje]o _ re_]o k fqacko aj aol]_eko ]^eanpko k _ann]`ko oej rajpeh]_e j( `qn]jpa h]o dkn]o `a i]ukn ejpajoe`]` `ah okh k ahar]`]o pailan]pqn]o $ajpna --6,, u -16,, dkn]o%7 rajpeh]n h]o d]^e) p]_ekjao7 ^a^an i o h mqe`ko mqa `a _kopqi^na u jk _kjoqien _kie`]o iqu _]heajpao k lao]`]o*

Feh [b 8_Y[dj[dWh_e

ºDe XWijW Yed Yedl[hj_h W bei [ijkZ_Wdj[i [d kd XWdYe Z[ ZWjei" ^Wo gk[ [di[ Whbei W WdWb_pWh»0 <[Z[h_Ye HWd][b

9eb_cW i[ ikcW W bei YedYkhiei Z[ bW I;F ?kik l]npa `a h]o ]__ekjao

ÎAj aopko peailko jk ^]op] _kj _kjranpen ] hko aopq`e]jpao aj qj ^]j_k `a `]pko6 d]u mqa ajoa ]n) hao _kilqp]_e j( ajoa ]nhao qj oacqj`k e`eki] a ej_ep]nhko ] `ao]) nnkhh]n qj lajo]ieajpk ]j]h pe_k( ] ^qo_]n Ìlkn ahhko ieoiko u jk lkn ejopnq__e j `ah lnkbaoknÍh] atlhe_]_e j `a h]o _ko]oÏ( okopqrk

Ba`ane_k N]jcah( aj ajpnareop] l]n] IEHAJEK ?KHEI=* H]o rajp]f]o `ah aomqai] `a ao_qah]o `a peailk _kilhapk( okj h]o oecqeajpao6 ] pn]r o `a ]_pere`]`ao h `e_]o ah aopq`e]j) pa `ao]nnkhh] d]^ehe`]`ao u _ki) lapaj_e]o l]npe_qh]nao( ]`ai o na_qnna ]h fqack Ì_]oe `a i]jan]

ejrkhqjp]ne]Í_kik qj] aopn]pace] `a ]lnaj`ev]fa* =qjmqa aj ?khei]( h]o lneian]o ao_qah]o `a peailk _kilhapk oa d]^ehe) p]nkj d]_a oeapa ] ko( ] l]npen `a .,,3 oa h]jv ah lnkcn]i] ] jerah ba`an]h `a i]jan] kÚ_e]h7 ]dkn] bqj_ekj] cn]_e]o ] h] _kjfqj_e j `a na_qnoko ba`an]hao u aop]p]hao*.D

J[dZh| kdW ZkhWY_ d Z[ '* ^ehWi o lWbeh Ykhh_YkbWh" WlWbWZe feh bW IJoFI

9hkp He`W ZWh| Ykhiei Z[ fh_c[hei Wkn_b_ei

_kjiaikn]per]o `ah >e_ajpaj]nek .,-,( h] Oa_nap]n ] `a A`q_]_e j _kheikp] oa oqi]n ] h]o ]_pere`]`ao lnkcn]i]`]o ] jerah j]_ekj]h( ]o _kik ] `eranoko _kj_qnoko aj hko mqa l]npe_el]n ah ]hqij]`k `a hko pnao jerahao `a a`q_]_e j ^ oe_]( _kik h] _na]_e j `ah Deijk Ao) _kh]n( h] ah]^kn]_e j `a qj Lkai] `a =ikn ] h] L]pne] k ]h Lqa^hk u ah `a ]ni]n qj] Deopkne] @e^qf]`] u Nabhatekj]`]7 ao_ne^en ok^na ÎIe I te_k `a dku u ah mqa Ei]cejk aj 1, = koÏ( ]o _kik h] ]lhe_]_e j `ah at]iaj AJH=?A Deopkne]*

I_ij[cW Z[ @kij_Y_W F[dWb

F=H YWfWY_jW W feb_Y Wi0 ºYWZ[dW Z[ YkijeZ_W» Aj ah i]n_k `a h] Nabkni]

=oacqn mqa ao eilknp]jpa mqa h] lk^h]_e j( jk o hk hko lnkbaoekj]hao( aop j _]l]_ep]`ko l]n] `]n hko lne) ianko ]qteheko6 ÎAj _]ok `a ]oÚte] k _kilnkieok _]n`ek naolen]pknek( _qajp]o _kj p]j o hk _ej_k iejqpko l]n] ]_pq]n( `aolq o `a aopa peailk jk ateopa ]^okhqp]iajpa j]`] mqa d]_anÏ( ]oacqn * Ah k^faperk `ah _qnok ao ^nej`]n hko _kjk_eieajpko l]n] e`ajpebe) _]n u ]_pq]n klknpqj]iajpa ]jpa qj] qncaj_e] i `e_]( kbna_eaj`k ] h] r _pei] iafknao lkoe^ehe`]) `ao `a ok^nareren ieajpn]o hhac]

qj] ]i^qh]j_e] k amqelk aola) _e]hev]`k* =h p niejk `ah _qnok( ah ]hqijk _kjp]n _kj r]ne]o d]^ehe`]`ao( oa) c j Can]n`k Ao_]h]jpa6 ÎNa_kjk_an u pn]p]n aiancaj_e]o mqa ]iaj]_aj oq re`]( ej_hquaj`k l]nk _]n` ]_k( k^opnq__e j `a h] r ] ] na]( aop]`k `a odk_g7 oan _]l]v `a pn]p]n h] k^o) pnq__e j `a h] r ] ] na] aj l]_eajpao _kj_eajpao k ej_kj_eajpao7 Új]hiajpa na_kjk_an u ]paj`an hko _]oko mqa lkjc]j aj lahecnk h] re`] `ah haoekj]) `k( p]hao _kik daiknn]ce]o( dane`]o k mqai]`qn]oÏ*

Ah _qnok Ìaj ah mqa ]`ai o oa ]^kn`]n j hko pai]o `a ejpkte_]_e j( dane`]o u _kjpnkh `a daiknn]ce]o( u bn]_pqn]oÍpaj`n qj] `qn]_e j `a -0 dkn]o( _n `epko `a r]hkn _qnne_qh]n u aop]n j ]r]h]`ko lkn h] Oa_nap]n ] `a Pn]^]fk u Lnareoe j Ok_e]h $OPLO% u h] ?nqv Nkf] Iate_]j]* Hko ejpanao]`ko aj ]oeopen ]h _qn) ok Lneianko =qteheko u Na]jei]_e j ?]n`eklqhikj]n lqa`aj ]_q`en ] h]o kÚ_ej]o `a h] ?nqv Nkf] ?khei] $=h`]i] u ãhr]nk K^nac j% hh]i]n ]h /-. 22 .. u /-. .. 0.* ?kopk6 1,, laoko*.D

?kjopepq_ekj]h ]h Oeopai] `a Fqope_e] Laj]h( lanokj]h `a h] Lnk_qn]`qn ] Cajan]h `a h] Nal ^he_] kbna_e qj] _]l]_ep]_e j ] lanokj]h lkhe_e]h `a hko pnao n`ajao `a ck^eanjk ok^na h] ?]`aj] `a ?qopk`e]* Aopa _qnok bqa `enece`k ] Iejeopaneko L ^he_ko( Kbe_e]hao Iejeopane]hao( Lkhe_ ]o u Lanepko( u oa hhar ] _]^k aj ah ]q`e) pknek `ah Ejopepqpk `a K_a]jkcn]b ] `ah L]_ be_k( aj I]jv]jehhk( u aj ah ]q`epknek =jpkjek O]i H lav `a h] Lnk_qn]`qn ] Cajan]h `a Fqope_e] `ah Aop]`k( aj h] _]lep]h `a ?khei]*


D@C<E@F

cWhj[i '' Z[ CWoe Z[ (&'&

;B?P78;J> 9EDJH;H7I

I[ fhe^_X_h| bW f[hcWd[dY_W Z[ dWhWd`ei" b_ced[i o cWd]ei0 =[hc|d L_h][d

ºIed kd \eYe Z[ _d\[YY_ d o dWZ_[ bei YedjhebW»

:[X[h|d [b_c_dWhi[ bei |hXeb[i \hkjWb[i Z[ YWbb[i Yeb_c[di[i 9eb_cW3DXi`f 8cY\ikf Jfc j <jg`efjX

-

] lnaoaj_e] `a h] lh]c] _epn _kh]( _kjk_e`] _kik `n]c j ]i]nehhk( k^hec]n ] mqa oa]j aheiej]`ko pk`ko hko n^khao bnqp]hao `a h]o vkj]o qn) ^]j]o `a h] ajpe`]`( ej_hqok mqa oa lnkd ^] h] lani]jaj_e] `a j]) n]jfko( heikjanko u i]jcko aj hko `kie_eheko l]npe_qh]nao* =o hk i]jebaop ah lnaoe`aj) pa `a h] ?kieoe j `a @ao]nnkhhk Nqn]h `ah ?kjcnaok `ah Aop]`k( Cani j Rencaj Ran`qv_k( mqeaj i]jebaop mqa `a^aj pki]noa ia`e`]o atpnai]o l]n] lnkpa) can hko _qhperko _epn _kh]o `a h] ajpe`]`( ieoiko mqa nalnaoajp]j qj lkn_ajp]fa i]uknep]nek `a h] lnk`q__e j hk_]h* Ej`e_ mqa _kik l]npa `a aoko lnk_a`eieajpko( paj`n mqa laj) o]noa ] _knpk lh]vk aj h] aheiej]) _e j pkp]h `a j]n]jfk ]cnek( hei]( heikjanko a ej_hqok i]jcko `a pk`]o h]o vkj]o qn^]j]o `a ?khe) i]( Îlknmqa aoko jk peajaj jej) c j oacqeieajpk je lnkpa__e j u ajpkj_ao lk`n ]j `eoaiej]n h] ajbania`]`Ï* Naepan mqa aj h]o _]hhao u `k) ie_eheko( hko n^khao _na_aj oej jejc j _kjpnkh( Îlkn hk p]jpk oa _kjreanpaj aj qj bk_k `a ejba__e j u `a^aj _kjpnkh]noa ] pn]r o `a oq aheiej]_e j l]n] oqopepqenoa lkn kpnko `a h] nace j7 aj aopk hko ]uqjp]ieajpko `a^an j pajan qj] l]npe_el]_e j bqj`]iajp]hÏ* Hqack( iaj_ekj mqa ah _kjpnkh `ah `n]c j ]i]nehhk `a^an ^]o]n) oa aj h]o ia`e`]o `a lnkpa__e j

] hko _qhperko( Îaopk ia`e]jpa h] _na]_e j `a ejbn]aopnq_pqn] `a ej) ranj]`anko k _]o]o oki^n]( `kj`a oa lnk`qv_] h] lh]jp] oej neaock `a oan ]p]_]`] lkn ah ejoa_pk mqa pn]joiepa h] ^]_pane]Ï* =_alp mqa l]n] hkcn]n ao]o _kj`e_ekjao oa ja_aoep]j na_qn) oko lkn .,, iehhkjao `a laoko( Î]mq oan bqj`]iajp]h h] l]n) pe_el]_e j `a hko ck^eanjko u hko lnk`q_pknao( lknmqa oa pn]p] `a qj _]i^ek aj h] i]jan] mqa oa lnk`q_a ]_pq]hiajpaÏ* I]jebaop mqa lkn ah ikiajpk( h] je_] i]jan] `a _ki^]pen ah `n]c j ]i]nehhk ao aheiej]j`k h]o lh]jp]o ejba_p]`]o( oepq]_e j mqa u] eje_e]nkj hko reraneop]o mqa lnk`q_aj _ pne_ko( mqeajao oa reankj k^hec]`ko ] mqai]n 30. n^khao u peajaj i o `a qj iehh j 30, ieh l]n]hev]`]o lkn h] _q]najpaj]* Ah `elqp]`k oa ]h mqa aj aopa ikiajpk oa lqa`a _kjpnkh]n ah ^nkpa( Îlank `a jk pki]noa h]o ia`e`]o ]`a_q]`]o( ah neaock ao iqu ]hpk( lknmqa iq_dko ]_pknao `a h] _]`aj] lnk`q_per] jk d]j `eiajoekj]`k hk mqa d] oq_a) `e`k aj kpnko l] oao( `kj`a oa lan`e d]op] ah 4, lkn _eajpk `a h] lnk`q__e jÏ* Lqjpq]hev mqa h]o i]uknao ]ba_p]_ekjao oa aj_qajpn]j aj h] vkj] oqn `a Pa_ki j u ah iqje_elek `a ?khei]( Îlank ]`ai o( aj h] vkj] hei pnkba `a Ie_dk]_ j u] oa `apa_p h] lnaoaj_e] `ah `n]c j ]i]nehhk( lkn hk p]jpk `a^an j atpnai]noa h]o lna_]q_ekjaoÏ*.D

$PMJNB


"DFOUPT

PQJOJuO

cWhj[i '' Z[ CWoe Z[ (&'&

C7B7I 9ECF7y?7I CWh_e 7bX[hje Ieb i ;if_deiW 9eb_cW

"M EJBCMP MB USBOTQBSFODJB

6

j] rav i o( hko _eq`]`]jko paj) `naiko mqa naoecj]njko ] mqa h] `eo_na_ekj]he`]` oa] nach] aj ah afan_e_ek `a hko na_qnoko l ^he) _ko* Aop reopk mqa hko ck^eanjko peajaj i]jc] ]j_d] l]n] `eolkjan `ah an]nek _kik `a qj] ^kho] l]npe_qh]n( lknmqa o]^aj mqa h]o i]ukn ]o aj ah ?kjcnaok `ah Aop]`k c]n]jpev]j h] pkp]h eilqje`]` `a mqeajao ]pajp]j _kjpn] ah lnaoqlqaopk* =o oq_a`an kpn] rav _kj h]o _qajp]o `ah oacqj`k oaiaopna `a .,,5( `kj`a oa ej_hquaj hko hpeiko iaoao `a caope j `a Oehranek ?]r]vko ?a^]hhko( mqeaj ] oq rav o]h`n eilkhqpk `a h] nareoe j beo_]h mqa aj_]^av ah na_e j aopnaj]`k( lank p]i^e j ]^ua_pk a ejklan]jpa ênc]jk Oqlanekn `a =q`epkne] u Beo_]hev]_e j Cq^anj]iajp]h $Koeb]c%* Naoqhp] bnqopn]jpa ]_q`en ]h aola_p _qhk `a ejabe_eaj_e] u _ejeoik aj mqa ej_qnnaj hko `elqp]`ko `a h] i]ukn ] lneeop] l]n] k_qhp]n h]o pn]l]_an ]o `a oqo _knnahecek) j]neko7 ran`]`an]o fku]o `ah ]^oqn`k oa d]j `e_dk aj ]n]o `a fqopebe_]n hk eilk) oe^ha( lqao ] h] hqv `a h] ok_ea`]` aop ah `ao]opna bej]j_eank mqa lania] pk`] h] aopnq_pqn] `ah ck^eanjk aop]p]h u hko iqje_el]hao* Ah lnaoe`ajpa `a h] ?kieoe j `a D]_eaj`] `ah ?kjcnaok `ah Aop]`k( Neck^anpk O]h]v]n Rah]o_k( ]ncqiajp mqa hko haceoh]`knao jk lqa`aj pajan ]__aok ] hko ikreieajpko bej]j_eanko `a hko ck^eanjko( lknmqa `a ]_qan`k ] h] ?kjopepq_e j hk_]h o] ao qj] ]pne^q_e j at_hqoer] `ah nc]jk beo_]hev]`kn( u ] hko pne^qjko okh]iajpa _knnaolkj`an nareo]n u _]hebe_]n hko naoqhp]`ko `a p]hao nareoekjao*

KdW l[p c|i bei Y_kZWZWdei fh[i[dY_Wcei kd [if[Yj|Ykbe ]hej[iYe" [d [b YkWb bei Z_fkjWZei hWj_\_YWd ik YedZ_Y_ d Z[ f[ed[i Z[b i_ij[cW o Yed iki Z[Y_i_ed[i i[ Wb[`Wd YWZW l[p c|i Z[ bW ieY_[ZWZ gk[ bei [b_]_

D7:7 F;HIED7B >[_Z_ =WXh_[bW Z[ B[ d =kj_ hh[p 9eb_cW

-BT FYDVTBT

1

]na_a mqa h] Hau `a Lnkpa__e j `a @]pko Lanokj]hao oa d] _kjranpe`k aj qj] da) nn]ieajp] na_qnnajpa l]n] mqa ]hcqjko lkh pe_ko k bqj_ekj]neko aop]p]hao oa jeacqaj ] lnklkn_ekj]n ejbkni]_e j l ^he_]( _kik oq_a`e na_eajpaiajpa _kj h] _]hebe_]_e j `a h]o _qajp]o l ^he_]o `ah Ck^eanjk `ah Aop]`k( k ah k_qhp]ieajpk `a hko jki^nao `a lkhe_ ]o mqa `apqreankj ] qj iajkn `a a`]` aj Rehh] `a ãhr]nav* Na_eajpaiajpa( aj h] _]hebe_]_e j `a h]o _qajp]o l ^he_]o( ah `elqp]`k lneeop] Neck) ^anpk O]h]v]n Rah]o_k oa jac ] ejbkni]n mqe jao an]j hko i o `a 5,, ailha]`ko mqa jk bqankj na_kjpn]p]`ko lkn ah ck)

9ed bW B[o Z[ Fhej[YY_ d Z[ :Wjei F[hiedWb[i" ckY^ei i[hl_Zeh[i f Xb_Yei ^Wd _dj[djWZe b_c_jWh bW jhWdifWh[dY_W" o feh [b YedjhWh_e \ec[djWh bW efWY_ZWZ

=jpa p]h `aolnkl oepk o]hp] `a ejia`e]pk h] lnacqjp]( ¼ajpkj_ao l]n] mq ajpnac]) iko i o `a -,, ieh laoko iajoq]hao ] hko `elqp]`ko( oe aop j `ahac]j`k ] qj] ejop]j_e] p _je_]( _kjk_e`] lkn oq lnk_he) re`]` ] h] i]jelqh]_e j `a atla`eajpao( h] bqj_e j lneikn`e]h `a beo_]hev]n hko na) _qnoko l ^he_ko u c]n]jpev]n mqa opko jk oa]j pki]`ko _kik l]pneikjek lanokj]h `a hko bqj_ekj]neko; Jk ao _ko] iajkn ah pai] `a h]o _qajp]o l ^he_]o( `]`k mqa ao l ^he_k mqa h] i]ukn ] `a hko ]uqjp]ieajpko u ah ck^eanjk aop]p]h ej_naiajp]nkj oq `aq`] atlkjaj_e]hiajpa( ]qjmqa aoa ]qiajpk `a hko l]oerko jk oa nabhaf aj ah iafkn]ieajpk `a hko oanre_eko( h] _kjopnq__e j `a k^n] l ^he_] k ah o]ja]) ieajpk `a hko k^aoko ]l]n]pko ^qnk_n pe_ko mqa aopn]jcqh]j ] hko ck^eanjko* H] `q`] ok^na ah `aopejk `a hko na_qnoko jk lk`n ]_h]n]noa( lknmqa ] h] i]ukn ] lneeop] jk oa ha ]jpkf]* Lkn `a_napk jk d]^n pn]jol]naj_e] u ah i]jafk `ah lnaoqlqaopk jqj_] lk`n _kjk_anoa lknmqa )oac j Ne) ck^anpk O]h]v]n) hk lnkd ^a h] ?kjopepq_e j( ao qj `ana_dk ]h mqa o hk ]__a`aj hko ehq) iej]`ko k ]mq hhko mqa lkn oqieoe j jk ikran j qj `a`k l]n] _]opec]n ] mqeajao _dql]j h] o]jcna ] h]o ]n_]o l ^he_]o _kj pkp]h eilqje`]`* Qj] rav i o( u _kik _]`] oaeo iaoao $ op] ao h] hpei] rav mqa h]o _qajp]o l ^he) _]o oa _]hebe_]j `a i]jan] oaiaopn]h%( hko _eq`]`]jko lnaoaj_e]iko qj aola_p _qhk cnkpao_k( aj ah _q]h hko `elqp]`ko )aj aopa _]ok hko `a h] i]ukn ] lneeop]) n]pebe_]j oq _kj`e_e j `a lakjao `ah oeopai] u _kj oqo `a_eoekjao oa ]haf]j _]`] rav i o `a h] ok) _ea`]` mqa hko ahece * Oej ai^]nck( u ]qjmqa jk pajc]j lanieok je b]_qhp]`ao oac j Neck^anpk O]h]v]n( hko _eq`]`]jko _]`] rav atecaj i o _qajp]o _h]n]o( lknmqa aj ah ?kjcnaok jk oa nareo] ah l]pneikjek `a Oehranek ?]r]vko( I]nek =jcqe]jk( Fq]j ?]nhko Lejpk k Rencehek Iaj`kv]( oejk ah `ejank `a pk`ko6 hko na_qnoko l ^he_ko mqa oa ajpnac]j lqj) pq]hiajpa ] hko ck^eanjko lkn _kj_alpk `a eilqaopko* L]n] hko `elqp]`ko jk ao qj] _qaope j `a rkhqjp]`ao h] beo_]hev]_e j `ah an]nek( ao oq k^hec]_e j u qjk `a hko bqj`]) iajpko mqa `]j re`] ]h Lk`an Haceoh]perk7

ieajpn]o ]hcqjko pne^qjko jk ajpeaj`]j ao] oaj_ehh] lnaieo]( ah ?kjcnaok hk_]h oacqen dqj`e`k aj ah `ao_n `epk pkp]h( oqie`k aj h] ko_qne`]` `a oq ej_kilapaj_e] u _kjranpe`k aj qj] _]ne_]pqn] `a hk mqa `a^an ] oan h] nalnaoajp]_e j lklqh]n( lknmqa opko( oe ]_]ok oa nalnaoajp]j ] o ieoiko*

^eanjk aop]p]h( ]o _kik hko jki^nao `a hko i o `a /,, pn]^]f]`knao mqa ejcnao]nkj ] h]^kn]n aj h] ]`iejeopn]_e j `a I]nek =jcqe]jk* Aj aopa oajpe`k( ah haceoh]`kn oa jac ] `]n p]h ejbkni]_e j `e_eaj`k mqa h] Hau `a @]pko Lanokj]hao ha lnkde^ ] `]n hko jki) ^nao( ]qj _q]j`k j]`] i o oa ha aop]^] le`eaj`k ah lqaopk aj ah mqa oa aj_kjpn]) ^]j u h] naiqjan]_e j mqa lan_e^aj lkn oq pn]^]fk* Ia l]na_a mqa i]h]iajpa oa d] _kjbqj) `e`k h] iaj_ekj]`] hau( lknmqa oe ^eaj peaja ah _]n _pan `a lnkpacan `]pko lanokj]hao( h] ejbkni]_e j mqa oa aop okhe_ep]j`k ao l ^he_]( u] mqa `ebqj`en hko jki^nao u h] naiqjan]_e j iajoq]h `a hko oanre`knao l ^he_ko ao ]hck ] hk mqa k^hec] h] lnkle] Hau `a Pn]jol]naj_e]* Oe bqan] ]o _kik ]hcqjko lkh pe_ko d]j ejpajp]`k i]jaf]n h] Hau `a Lnk) pa__e j `a @]pko Lanokj]hao( ajpkj_ao jk oa paj`n ] lkn mq `]n ] _kjk_an hko jki^nao `a hko bqj_ekj]neko( _kik ah oa_nap]nek `a Ck^eanjk( je p]ilk_k ah o]h]nek mqa na_e^a( u ]`ai o jk ateopen ] qj `ena_pknek `a bqj_ekj]neko lnkikre`k lkn ah lnklek ck^eanjk( ] iajko mqa h] ]`iejeopn]_e j aop]p]h aop rekhajp]j`k `e_d] hau*

?epk ah afailhk `ah `elqp]`k lneeop] Ne) ck^anpk O]h]v]n Rah]o_k( lknmqa ao qjk `a hko i o na_eajpao( ah _q]h d] da_dk iaj_e j ] h] Hau `a @]pko Lanokj]hao( lank jk d] oe`k ah je_k( ok^n]j hko _]oko aj mqa hko lkh pe_ko k bqj_ekj]neko qpehev]j aoa na_qnoko l]n] pn]p]n `a k_qhp]n ejbkni]_e j* Ah o ^]`k l]o]`k( aj qj] jkp] mqa oa lq^he_ aj `eranoko ia`eko( qj] i]`na `a b]iehe] mqa atece hko jki^nao `a hko lkhe_ ]o `a Rehh] `a ãhr]nav mqa d]^ ]j `apaje`k ] oq defk iajkn `a a`]` lkn qj lkoe^ha nk^k u `aolq o ha le`eankj `eo_qhl]o( lknmqa d]^ ] oe`k qj] amqerk_]_e j( na_e^e _kik naolqaop] mqa jk ha lk` ]j `]n hko jki^nao( lkn lnkpa__e j lanokj]h u pe_] lnkbaoekj]h* Aj .,,/( _q]j`k oa ajre ]h ?kjcnaok aop]p]h ah lnkua_pk `a Hau `a @]pko Lan) okj]hao( aj ah nq^nk `a _kjoe`an]j`ko oa ]ncqiajp mqa an] i o _h]n] h] ja_aoe`]` `a mqa oa ^nej`a ]h _eq`]`]jk qj] lnkpa_) _e j ]`a_q]`] _kjpn] ah lkoe^ha i]h qok `a h] ejbkni]_e j mqa ha _kj_eanja( oej mqa aopk eilhemqa qj ejpajpk `a heiep]n k nao) pnejcen hko ^ajabe_eko mqa lqa`aj ]lknp]n h]o pa_jkhkc ]o `a ejbkni]_e j* Oej ai^]nck( _kj aop] hau( iq_dko oan) re`knao l ^he_ko d]j ejpajp]`k heiep]n h] pn]jol]naj_e]( u lkn ah _kjpn]nek bkiajp]n h] kl]_e`]`*.

8H;L; >?IJEH?7 F7H7 97C?B7$ ?kj ah lnapatpk `ah -, `a i]uk( h] ik_kjap] oa _kjrenpe aj qj] aopnahh] `a h] cq]n`an ]( lqao aj ah baoper]h ]hqoerk ] h] ba_d] oa ]lqjp l]n] `ko ^]eh]^hao `ebanajpao( u `a p]h lnkp]ckjeoik _kjop] are`aj_e] aj re`ak* @a ]_qan`k ] h]o ei cajao( h] ejb]jpej] ^]eh _kj oejcqh]n ajpqoe]oik ao] _]j_e j aop]j`]npa `ah ^qaj cqopk u h] nabej]_e j hh]i]`] H] I]n ] $I]n ] jk mqa jk mqan ]o+pa aop]^]o d]_eaj`k h] iqh]+lank u] o]^ ]o mqa u] an] i k pq _kn]) v j+_kn]v j _kn]v j%* @qa ] `ah ao_aj]nek u b]h`a]j`k _kj ]hacn ]( h] ejb]jpej] `ahaep ] h]o lnkcajepkn]o _kj oq iqu l]npe_qh]n ejpanlnap]_e j `ah becqn j `a h] _]j_e j lklqh]n iate_]j] Fqhe j ãhr]nav* U l]n] _ann]n( ie r]op]cqep] oa na_ap h] _knakcn]b ] `a h] _]j_e j `a H]o `erej]o( _kj b]h`] ao) _kh]n u _]h_ap]o ] h] nk`ehh] ej_hqe`]o* Kf]h] ]o bqan] l]n] k^a`a_an _q]j`k oa ha le`a enoa ] `knien k _kianoa h] okl]( lajo uk _q]j`k re ] ie ]npeop] aj _eanjao*.


cWhj[i '' Z[ CWoe Z[ (&'&

HeX[hjW =WhpW

6OB DJVEBE QBSB WJWJS

.

a `aoleanpk lkn h] i] ]j] _q]j`k _]jp] ah c]hhk( ]_ki) l] ]`k lkn ah `qh_a _q_ `a qj]o l]hki]o* Ha oecqa h] _]il]j] `a h] Echaoe] `a h] lh]v] _an_]j]( _qu] pknna oa ]lna_e] `ao`a ie rajp]j] ajpna h]o pn]jol]naj_e]o ikn]`]o `a qj] f]_]n]j`]* ¼Rerk aj Cq]j]fq]pk( aj V]_]pa_]o k aj ]hc j l]n]`eoe]_k lqa^hepk ]`knieh]`k `a =cq]o_]) heajpao; Jk* Rerk ] qj] _q]`n] `a h] lh]v] N k `a F]jaenk( aj ah _kn]v j `a h] ?eq`]` `a I te_k* Aok ia hk na_qan`] `aolq o ah _]ie j mqa l]o] _kj ah ao_]la ]^eanpk rkiep]j`k nqe`ko u dqiko jacnko oej mqa j]`ea hk ikhaopa( ] lao]n `a mqa ie _k_da( lnkrej_e]jk _kik ao( ]laj]o `af] h] oacqne`]` `a h] _k_dan] ao `apaje`k oej pnacq] l]n] ÎraneÚ_]nha oq raneÚ_]_e j( oa knep]Ï* Ia hk na_qan`]j p]i^e j hko `ko ajkniao u lahecnkoko ^kmqapao aj h] ^]jmqap] bnajpa ] ie _]o] $^]jmqap] ao qj `a_en6 qj lk_k `a _aiajpk ]mq ( iq_d]o cneap]o lkn ]_ ( _]_] `a lannk ]_qhh % `af]`ko lkn ah dqnpk `a `ko ajkniao nafehh]o mqa p]l]^]j qj reafk pn]jobkni]`kn _q^eanpk `a ]cq] d]op] h]o ^qf ]o aj _qu]o ajpn] ]o lk`n ] `ao]l]na_an i o `a qj ^knn]_dk k `eopn] `k* Ia hk na_qan`]j hko ]i^qh]jpao u h] ^]oqn] ]_qiqh]`] lkn ] ko `a jachecaj_e] aj oa mqa lq`ean] oan qjk `a hko i o hej`ko l]nmqao `a h] _eq`]`( u ia hk na_qan`]j hko iaoao mqa c]op aj nkc]nha $mqa jk atecenha( ] lao]n `a mqa lk`n ] d]_anhk6 ieo eilqaopko l]c]j oqo o]h]neko% ] h] `ahac]_e j mqa ]qpknev]n] qj oeilha pn iepa `a _kjopnq__e j apanjev]`k ajpna cajanko]o r]_]_ekjao u _n]o] ej_kilapaj_e]* >eaj o]^aiko mqa hko _eq`]`]jko jk okiko lnekne`]` l]n] hko ck^anj]jpao( _kj h] jkp]^ha at_al_e j `a _q]j`k oa ]_an_]j h]o aha_) _ekjao u jko _kjranpeiko aj rkp]jpao* Oqlkjck mqa lkn aok ao i o bna_qajpa lnaoaj_e]n ah _knpa `a heop j `a lnkcn]i]o `a nahqi^n j mqa ran lkn h]o _]hhao ] _q]`nehh]o `a heileav]* Hk mqa jk ajpeaj`k ao lkn mq jk oa ]lqaop]( oe jk _kik l]npa `ah ailhak ]h iajko _kik aopn]pace] aha_pkn]h( ] _kjranpen h] ?eq`]` `a I te_k aj qj oepek d]^e) p]^ha6 qjk `kj`a hko l]nmqao u _]hhao aop j heileko( `kj`a oa iqhpa ] mqeajao oa ]pn]reaoaj aj hko oai bknko( `kj`a hko ]i^qh]jpao aop j nacqh]`ko ͼbqan] `ah ?ajpnk Deop ne_k pk`k ao ?q]qpeph j;Í u `kj`a( oe jk ao iq_dk la`en( oa lqa`] `knien oej p]mqe_]n`e]o _]`] mqa qj nqe`k ieopanekok dkn]`a jqaopn]o jk_dao* I]n_ahk A^n]n` l]na_a( oej mqa ia _kjopa( qj pelk ejpahecajpa* ¼Lk`n `]noa _qajp] mqa qj _eq`]`]jk mqa rera _kjpajpk aj oq _kpe`e]jae`]` ao qj rkp]jpa i o ]i]nn]`k u oacqnk mqa ah mqa na_e^a `a rav aj _q]j`k qj] ` `er] bnajpa ] h]o _ i]n]o; .D heX[hjW$]WhpW6c_b[d_e$Yec

C_b[d_e 9eb_cW" FkXb_YWY_ d :_Wh_W W e + De$ '+&'$ CWoe ''" (&'& D c[he Z[ 9[hj_\_YWZe Z[ H[i[hlW ejeh]WZe feh [b ?dij_jkje DWY_edWb Z[ :[h[Y^ei Z[ 7kjeh0 [d jh|c_j[$ D c[he Z[ 9[hj_\_YWZe Z[ B_Y_jkZ Z[ 9edj[d_Ze0 [d jh|c_j[ D c[he Z[ 9[hj_\_YWZe Z[ B_Y_jkZ Z[ J jkbe0 [d jh|c_j[ Ejeh]WZei feh bW 9ec_i_ d 9Wb_\_YWZehW Z[ FkXb_YWY_ed[i o H[l_ijWi ?bkijhWZWi Z[ bW I[Yh[jWh W Z[ =eX[hdWY_ d FkXb_YWZe o Z_ijh_Xk_Ze feh f[h_ Z_Ye C?B;D?E :?7H?E I$7$ Z[ 9$L$ :ec_Y_b_e Z[ bW ?cfh[i_ d o FkXb_YWY_ d0 7l[dW De$ '-" 9eb$ =hWd`Wi ;ic[hWbZW" 9$F$ &/.'&" C n_Ye :$<$ J[bi0 +*#*+#(/#./ :_ijh_XkY_ d Kd_ d DWY_edWb Z[ ;nf[dZ[Zeh[i Z[ F[h_ Z_Yei Z[ C n_Ye Fh[Y_e0 +$&& ;b Yedj[d_Ze Z[ bei Whj Ykbei [i h[ifediWX_b_ZWZ [nYbki_lW Z[ bei Wkjeh[i JeZei bei Z[h[Y^ei [ij|d h[i[hlWZei Gk[ZW fhe^_X_ZW bW h[fheZkYY_ d fWhY_Wb e jejWb Z[b cWj[h_Wb fkXb_YWZe i_d Yedi[dj_c_[dje feh [iYh_je Z[ bei [Z_jeh[i BW _d\ehcWY_ d Yedj[d_ZW ^W i_Ze eXj[d_ZW Z[ \k[dj[i gk[ i[ Yedi_Z[hWd \_Z[Z_]dWi$

H_YWhZe Cedh[Wb Îl_bW

-B J[RVJFSEB ¶IBDJB EuOEF

&

h .- ]jerano]nek `ah LN@( ah l]npe`k i o cn]j`a `a h] evmqean) `] aha_pkn]h iate_]j]( k^hec] ] qj ^]h]j_a `a h] oepq]_e j ]_pq]h `a aop] _knneajpa `a lajo]ieajpk u ]__e j lkh pe_]( u ] qj] naÛate j ok^na oq bqpqnk ejia`e]pk* H] evmqean`] iate_]j] jk aop aj oq iafkn ikiajpk je aj oq ia) fkn bkni]* Aj p niejko ok_e]hao( h] _neoeo a_kj ie_] d] lnkrk_]`k qj _kjoanr]`qneoik _eq`]`]jk mqa d]_a ran _kj na_ahk u ao_]ok jeik ok_e]h _q]hmqean lnklqaop] `a _]i) ^ek lh]jpa]`] `ao`a h] evmqean`]* Jk ao mqa ah _eq`]`]jk iate_]jk oa] _kjoanr]`kn k `a Î`ana_d]Ï lkn j]pqn]hav]( oejk mqa ra _kj naoanr] qj] ]hpanj]per] `a _]i^ek d]_e] ah bqpqnk* Ok^na aopa oa`eiajpk ok_e]h _kjoanr]`kn k ejan_e]h oa aop bej_]j`k ah nacnaok `ah LNE( mqa jk peaja i o renpq` mqa ah `a h] Lqanp] `a =h_]h 7 ao `a_en( mqa`]noa aop pe_k reaj`k l]o]n ah peailk( ieajpn]o ah l] o oa `a_al_ekj] `a qj] `aik_n]_e] oej _kjpaje`k ok_e]h u a_kj ie_k( oa d]np] `a `ko ck^eanjko oq_aoerko `a `ana_d] u oa ]haf] `a qj] evmqean`] mqa ] j jk peaja qj lh]j `a rqahk `aik_n pe_k `aÚje`k* Aj p niejko aha_pkn]hao( h] ev) mqean`] rera qj] _kjpn]__e j* H] atlhe_]_e j oa aj_qajpn]( lkn qj h]`k( aj annknao `a aopn]pace] lnk) leko( ejpanjko( _kik lkn afailhk( `ere`enoa u ajbnajp]noa( lnkua_p]j`k qj] ei]caj `a nefkoe`]`( _kjÛe_pk u `ereoe j lani]jajpao* Lkn ah kpnk( ] qj] ai^aope`] lkh pe_] `ah ]_pq]h ck^eanjk u `a hko lk`anao b _pe_ko mqa( `ao`a h] aha__e j lnaoe`aj_e]h `a .,,2( ]hajp]nkj u oecqaj lnkik) reaj`k ah lnafqe_ek `a mqa h] evmqean`] ao qj lahecnk l]n] I te_k* ¼Mq d]_an bnajpa ] aop] _kuqj) pqn] ]`rano]; -* Aj ah lh]jk e`akh ce_k u lnk) cn]i pe_k( h] evmqean`] iate_]j] ja_aoep] q^e_]noa lnalkj`an]jpa) iajpa aj ah _ajpnk)evmqean`]( _kj qj] e`akhkc ] ok_e]h`ai _n]p] $oe qopa` ^qo_] qj] apemqap] _kjk_e`]%( mqa lkjc] jb]oeo aj hko _kj_alpko `a fqope_e]( ecq]h`]`( `aik_n]_e]( `ana_dko dqi]jko( Aop]`k u ok^a) n]j ]( lkn afailhk( lank oej khre) `]n k `aianep]n hko _kj_alpko `a he^anp]`( ej`ere`qk( ]qpkne`]`( aop]`k `a `ana_dk( ian_]`k u chk^]hev]_e j* .* Aj ah lh]jk ok_eka_kj ie) _k( h] evmqean`] iate_]j] `a^a ]_an_]noa u naejoanp]noa aj pnao cnqlko ok_e]hao aopn]p ce_ko6 h]o _h]oao ia`e]o qn^]j]o7 hko ai) lnao]neko _kj ejpanaoao( ejran) oekjao u lnkua_pko kneajp]`ko ]h ian_]`k lnk`q_perk j]_ekj]h7 ah oa_pkn `a f rajao qjeranoep]) neko u cnqlko ]_]` ie_ko* Aj h]o aha__ekjao `a .,,2( h] l n`e`] `a _kjp]_pk `a h] evmqean`] _kj aopko oaciajpko bqa `apaniej]jpa

KdW l[p YedYbk_Ze [b ºZec_d]e [b[YjehWb» Z[b fh n_ce * Z[ `kb_e" W bW _pgk_[hZW c[n_YWdW b[ [if[hW kdW Y_hk] W cWoeh o kd W`kij[ Z[ hkcXe" i_ [i gk[ W d WcX_Y_edW [ijWh fh[i[dj[ [d bW h[YedZkYY_ d o h[YedijhkYY_ d Z[b fW i

PQJOJuO

aj hko naoqhp]`ko aha_pkn]hao( ]`ai o( _h]nk( `a h] ai^aope`] `ah ck^eanjk ba`an]h u `a hko hh]i]`ko Îlk`anao b _pe_koÏ* /* Aj ah lh]jk aha_pkn]h u cq^anj]) iajp]h( h] evmqean`] `a^a Îoan h] `eba) naj_e]Ï( p]jpk aj oqo bkni]o `a d]_an _]il] ] _kik aj oqo lh]p]bkni]o u lnkcn]i]o `a ck^eanjk* Aj _]i) l] ]o( lkn afailhk( `a^a _kjoe`an]n mqa ao eilknp]jpa hhaj]n h]o lh]v]o l ^he_]o( lank i o eilknp]jpa ao hhaj]n h]o qnj]o ah ` ] `a h] aha__e j7 `a^a lnerehace]n h] lnklqaop] u ah `a^]pa `a e`a]o( ok^na hko ]p]mqao u h] `ao_]heÚ_]_e j* Aj hko aol]_eko `kj`a ao ck^eanjk( ] jerah aop]p]h u iqje_el]h( h] evmqean`] `a^a oan _]l]v `a _na]n qj cnqlk `a lkh pe_]o l ^he_]o aÚ_eajpao( mqa na]hiajpa oa pn]`qv_]j aj ^ajaÚ_eko _kj_napko l]n] h] lk^h]_e j( `a p]h i]jan] mqa oa jkpa h] `ebanaj_e] _kj hko aopehko `a hko kpnko l]npe`ko* ?kj at_al_e j `ah @B( `kj`a ateopa `ao`a -553 qj ^hkmqa `a lkh pe_]o l ^he_]o aj i]) pane] `a `ao]nnkhhk ok_e]h( mqa d]j i]n_]`k h] l]qp] ] kpn]o ajpe`]) `ao $_kik h] lajoe j qjerano]h ] ]`qhpko i]uknao u hko lnkcn]i]o `a ]lkuk ] i]`nao okhpan]o%( aj h] i]ukn l]npa `a hko hqc]nao `kj`a ]_pq]hiajpa ck^eanj] h] evmqean`]( paniej] d]_eaj`k hk ieoik mqa ah L=J k ah LNE* ?q]j`k h] cajpa jk lan_e^a ah _]i^ek aj hko ck^eanjko `a evmqean`]( paniej] nacnao]j`k ] h]o kl_ekjao pn]`e_ekj]hao* 0* Aj ah lh]jk lkh pe_k ejpanjk( h] evmqean`] aha_pkn]h peaja `ko p]na]o ikjqiajp]hao6 lkn qj h]`k( lnk) ikran h] qje`]` knc je_] `a oqo `ebanajpao atlnaoekjao( oan _]l]v `a ]npe_qh]n _]j`e`]pqn]o `a qje`]`( oej mqa ahhk eilhemqa h] `ao]l]ne_e j `a h]o `erano]o atlnaoekjao* L]n] ahhk oa namqeana jk o hk qj] evmqean`] `aik_n pe_]( oejk ]jpa pk`k `ai ) _n]p]o `a evmqean`]* Ao `a_en( lkh pe_ko `a evmqean`] `eolqaopko ] ]r]jv]n i o ]hh `a oqo lnkua_pko `a cnqlk k pne^q* H] oacqj`] p]na] pep je_] ao aheiej]n hko re_eko `a h]o knc]) jev]_ekjao mqa j]_aj aj ah i^epk ok_e]h u hqack ej_qnoekj]j aj h] re`] lkh pe_]6 d]^h]iko `ah oa_p]neoik( `ah _heajpaheoik( `ah _knlkn]pereo) ik u `ah ^qnk_n]peoik* Aopko re_eko paniej]j lkn ]haf]n ] h]o j]_eajpao knc]jev]_ekjao `a evmqean`] `a oqo ^]oao ok_e]hao( u ] h]o ]cnql]_ekjao f rajao paniej]j ajrafa_e j`kh]o n le`]iajpa* Qj] rav _kj_hqe`k ah Î`kiejck aha_pkn]hÏ `ah ln teik 0 `a fqhek( ] h] evmqean`] iate_]j] ha aolan] qj] _enqc ] i]ukn u qj ]fqopa `a nqi^k( oe ao mqa ] j ]i^e_ekj] aop]n lnaoajpa aj h] na_kj`q__e j u na_kjopnq__e j `ah l] o* .D h_YWhZeUcedh[WbUWl_bW6oW^ee$Yec$cn

@EH

=;

CE

9>


D@C<E@F

cWhj[i '' Z[ CWoe Z[ (&'&

/BDJPOBM

P

c_]hWY_ d

BW I8 '&-& ºWj[djW YedjhW bWi c_deh Wi jd_YWi o bei fh_dY_f_ei Z[ bW [ZkYWY_ d»" WYkiWd

9ec_[dpWd [d ;K Wokdei YedjhW bW b[o YWpWc_]hWdj[i ;ijkZ_Wdj[i Z[ bW Kd_l[hi_ZWZ Z[ 9Wb_\ehd_W [d 8[ha[b[o o kd WYj_l_ijW

bWj_de i[ Z[YbWhWd [d ^k[b]W Z[ ^WcXh[1 Z[cWdZWd decXhWh [b YWcfki iWdjkWh_e Z[ _dZeYkc[djWZei o WZl_[hj[d gk[ bb[]Wh|d ^WijW be bj_ce <EJE JEC7:7 :; JM?JJ;H % KIK7H?E 7HDEB:E =7H9Ñ7

IWd :_[]e" Dk[lW Oeha"3Efk`d\o

6

j cnqlk `a aopq`e]j) pao `a h] Qjeranoe) `]` `a ?]hebknje] aj >angahau u qj ]_pereop] h]pejk _kiajv]nkj ]uan( lkn oal]n]`k( dqahc]o `a d]i^na aj lnkpaop] _kjpn] h] hau O>-,3, `a =nevkj]( mqa _neiej]hev] ] hko ejiecn]jpao ej`k_qiajp]`ko* Aj ah na_ejpk qjeranoep]nek( ah cnqlk `a _q]pnk aopq`e]jpao( ajpna ahhko ]h iajko `ko h]pejko( `af]) nkj `ao`a ]uan `a _kian u ^a^an _kilhap]iajpa l]n] i]jebaop]noa _kjpn] ah lnkua_pk na_e j ]lnk^]`k u l]n] atecen mqa h] Q?> oa] qj o]j) pq]nek k nabqcek l]n] ejiecn]jpao oe hhac] ] oan ja_ao]nek* Lkn hk iajko qj] `k_aj] `a ]hqijko ]uqj aj >angahau l]n) _e]hiajpa `qn]jpa qj] oai]j]( ]heiajp]`ko je_]iajpa _kj fqck `a ]n j`]jk u ]cq]* Hko aopq`e]jpao mqa ajpn]nkj ]uan ] ]uqjk pkp]h p]ilk_k _kjoq) ien j fqck je ]cq]* H] i]jebaop]jpa G]pdu Rac] `efk mqa h] hau `a =nevkj] Î]pajp] _kjpn] hko aopq`e]jpao `a iejkn ]o pje_]o u _kjpn] hko lnej_eleko `a h] a`q_]_e jÏ* Rac] `efk mqa ]hcqjko lkh pe_ko aj ?]hebknje] d]j _kiajv]`k ] atlnao]n e`a]o ]jpeejiecn]jpao u mqa ao ja_ao]nek mqa h] qjeranoe`]` oa `a_h]na o]jpq]nek oe hhac] ] oan ja_ao]nek* H]o _eq`]`ao `a >angahau( O]j Bn]j_eo_k u K]gh]j` okj o]jpq]neko k nabqceko l]n] ej) iecn]jpao ej`k_qiajp]`ko( hk mqa oecjebe_] mqa oqo ]qpkne`]`ao hk_]hao peajaj n`ajao `a oqo ]h_]h` ]o u _]^eh`ko `a ck^ean) jk `a jk l]npe_el]n aj na`]`]o _kj ]qpkne`]`ao `a iecn]_e j je `ajqj_e]n ] ejiecn]jpao jk `ahej_qajpao*

>WijW [b Zec_d]e bei [ijkZ_Wdj[i i be Yedikc Wd `k]e o W]kW$ 7 fWhj_h Z[ Wo[h [b Wokde [i jejWb

ºJehjkhW fi_Yeb ]_YW» =h ieoik peailk( aj Jqar] Ukng ah ]_pereop] h]pejk Kos]h`k ?]^nan]( `ena_pkn afa_qperk `a h] ?k]he_e j H]pejk]iane_]j] Ejpanj]_ekj]h( _kiajv qj ]uqjk pkp]h l]n] i]) jebaop]noa _kjpn] h] hau ]lnk^]`] aj =nevkj] ah iao l]o]`k* ÎAo qj h]nck _]iejk u aolank hhac]n d]op] h]o hpei]o _kjoa_qaj) _e]o l]n] mqa oa]j naolap]`ko hko `ana_dko `a hko dani]jko ej`k_q) iajp]`koÏ( `efk ?]^nan] aj nqa`] `a lnajo]( aj h] mqa p]i^e j `efk ]lku]n h]o lnklqaop]o lnaoajp]`]o lkn ah oaj]`kn >k^ Iaj j`av( `a Jqar] Fanoau( u `ah _kjcnaoeop] Hqeo R* Cqpe nnav( `a Ehhejkeo( mqa ^qo_]j nabkni]n ah oeopai] ]_pq]h `a ejie) cn]_e j `a Aop]`ko Qje`ko* ÎÐIa ikper ] d]_an aopk ah nkopnk `a `aoaolan]_e j `a h] je ] @qh_a I])

.BSDIBO NBESFT FO 1IPFOJY :[Y[dWi Z[ cWZh[i Z[ \Wc_b_W o iki ^_`ei cWhY^Whed Wo[h ^WijW

[b YWf_jeb_e [ijWjWb [d F^e[d_n fWhW fhej[ijWh YedjhW bW fh n_cW Wfb_YWY_ d `a h] lkh ie_] hau aop]p]h _kjpn] hko ej`k_qiajp]`ko* ÎAop]o i]`nao peajaj iea`k `a oan oal]n]`]o `a oqo defko( mqanaiko la`enha ]h ck^eanjk ba`an]h oq ejpanraj_e j u mqa `apajc] aop] hau aop]p]h aj =nevkj]Ï( `efk ] Aba Ouhre] Dannan]( nalnaoajp]jpa `a h] knc]jev]_e j Lqajpa( _kj ^]oa aj Ldkajet* @a ]_qan`k _kj hko knc]jev]`knao `a h] lnkpaop]( ]hna`a`kn `a 1,, iqfanao( je ko u ieai^nko `a h] _kiqje`]` mqa raop ]j _]ieoap]o `a _khkn nkfk l]n] nalnaoajp]n oq hq_d]( de_eankj qj hh]i]`k ]h lnaoe`ajpa >]n]_g K^]i] l]n] mqa _kj oq Úni] arepa mqa ajpna aj reckn h] hau O> -,3, ah ln teik .5 `a fqhek( `apajc] h]o na`]`]o u aheieja ah lnkcn]i] .43c `a h] hau `a ejiecn]_e j recajpa `ao`a -552( mqa laniepa ] hko ck^eanjko hk_]hao ajpn]n aj Î]_qan`koÏ _kj ah ba`an]h l]n] ajpnaj]n ] ]hcq]_ehao _kj ah Új `a mqa afanv]j bqj_ekjao `a ejiecn]_e j _kj ah k^faperk `a e`ajpeÚ_]n u `alknp]n ] ej`k_qiajp]`ko* F^e[d_n3&'&

P YbWl[i Fhej[ijWi [d bW h[Z 9BW fhej[ijW YedjhW bW b[o Wdj__dc_]hWdj[ Z[ 7h_pedW i[ ^W lebYWZe jWcX_ d W bWi h[Z[i ieY_Wb[i <WY[Xeea o Jm_jj[h" ZedZ[ [i fei_Xb[ ^WbbWh ]hkfei o c[diW`[i YedjhW bW dehcWj_lW$ 9;d <WY[Xeea fk[Z[d ^W# bbWhi[ Z[Y[dWi Z[ ]hkfei gk[ [nfh[iWd ik h[Y^Wpe W bW b[o" ckY^ei Z[ [bbei Yed bW YWhW Z[ bW ]eX[hdWZehW @Wd 8h[m[h o bW [il|ij_YW dWp_$ 9;djh[ bei c|i dkc[heiei [ij| kd ]hkfe d[eoehgk_de gk[ Yed]h[]W W Y[hYW Z[ '$+ c_bbed[i Z[ efei_jeh[i$ Kde Z[ bei c|i eh_]_dWb[i [i ºI " ieo ^_ifWde$ De" kij[Z de d[Y[i_jW l[h c_i fWf[b[i»" Yh[WZe feh =k_bb[hce >[hd|dZ[p" ^_ifWde hWZ_YWZe [d 7h_pedW" o gk[ j_[d[ (+ c_b i[]k_Zeh[i$

n ]( mqa nalnaoajp] ] _ej_k iehhkjao `a je ko _kj l]`nao mqa lq`ean]j oan `alknp]`ko( `a lajo]n mqa oqo l]`nao ]hc j ` ] jk hhac]n j ] h]o ao_qah]o ] na_kcanhko lknmqa oa hko hhar Ejiecn]_e jÏ( ]cnac * ?]^nan]( `a j]_ekj]he`]` a_q]) pkne]j]( oa ]h mqa hko je ko okj pknpqn]`ko loe_kh ce_]iajpa( u lkn aok le`e ]h ck^eanjk ba`an]h mqa laniep] mqa hko l]`nao pn]^]f]) `knao u dkjn]`ko mqa d]j oe`k `alknp]`ko nacnaoaj ] _qe`]n ] oqo defko aop]`qje`ajoao* Ah deol]jk _kiajv oq dqahc] `a d]i^na aj h] Echaoe] Hqpan]j] Vekj( aj ah =hpk I]jd]pp]j( `kj`a _kjp _kj ah ]lkuk `a ieai^nko `a h] _kiqje`]` ejiecn]jpa( knc]jev]) _ekjao _kiqjep]ne]o u naheceko]o* ÎAop]iko ]lku]j`k aop] jk^ha _]qo] l]n] `]n ah iajo]fa `a mqa pk`ko okiko ecq]hao( qj iajo]fa `a qje`]`( jk _kik ah mqa `ek h] ck^anj]`kn] `a =nevkj]( mqa cajan] `ereoe jÏ( atlnao ah l]`na B]^e j =ne]o( `a h] Echaoe] Hqpan]j] Vekj* @a_aj]o `a lanokj]o ]_kil]) ]nkj ]h ]_pereop] a ej_hqok pnao ieai^nko `a h] _kiqje`]` aj qj ]uqjk `a qj ` ]* ÎNaol]h`]iko ] qj] lanokj] mqa oa lnak_ql] lkn ah ^eajaop]n `a jqaopn] cajpa( ok^na pk`k `a mqeajao aop]iko aj _]he`]` `a ej`k_qiaj) p]`koÏ( atlnao C]hk Qn ]o( mqeaj _kj oq ^]j`] `a i oe_] iate_]j] ]iajev l]npa `ah arajpk `a eje_ek `a h] dqahc] `a d]i^na* Oa peaja lnareop] qj] lanacne) j]_e j aj r]ne]o echaoe]o `ah na] d]op] hhac]n ] S]odejcpkj( `kj`a ieai^nko `a h] _k]he_e j aolan]j naqjenoa _kj h `anao `ah ?kjcnaok l]n] ]^kc]n lkn qj] nabkni] ie) cn]pkne] Îdqi]j] u fqop]Ï* H] hau aj =nevkj] ]qpknev] ] lkhe_ ]o nacqh]nao ] ]oqien bqj) _ekjao `a ]cajpao `a Iecn]_e j u ] ejpannkc]n ] _q]hmqean lanokj] okola_dko] lkn d]^h]n aol] kh( pajan leah iknaj] k raopen _kik ejiecn]jpao h]pejko7 mqeaj khre`a oq he_aj_e] `a _kj`q_en aj _]o] aj =nevkj] lqa`a oan ]nnaop]`k u lqaopk aj `alknp]_e j* .D


D@C<E@F

cWhj[i '' Z[ CWoe Z[ (&'&

OBDJPOBM

;Z_jeh0 'SBODJTDP (BSEVtP feb j_YW6c_b[d_eZ_Wh_e$Yec$cn

Eh]Wd_pWd YWcfW W fWhW h[Wb_pWh YecfhWi [d 7h_pedW

I_cfWj_pWdj[i Z[b fheo[Yje XkiYWd d[kjhWb_pWh [b Xe_Yej HEII :$ <H7DAB?D%7F

Ikif[dZ[d Zei

_dj[djei Z[ h[\[h[dZe YedjhW [b Z[Yh[je WlWbWZe [d WXh_b F^e[d_n3Efk`d\o p 8G

(

nqlko _kjoanr]`knao mqa oeil]pev]j _kj h] lkh pe_] `a =nevkj] aolan]j jaq) pn]hev]n hko ^ke_kpo a_kj ie_ko mqa oa d]j `a_nap]`k _kjpn] h] ajpe`]` pn]o h] lnkiqhc]_e j `a h] hau ]jpeejiecn]jpa( knc]je) v]j`k qj] _]il] ] `a Î?kiln] aj =nevkj]Ï* H] _]il] ]( ^]qpev]`] _kik ^qu_kpp $_kiln]_kp%( oan h]jv]`] lkn oacqe`knao `ah ikreieajpk _kjoanr]`kn ]jpeeilqaopko _k) jk_e`k _kik Pa] L]npu( ah ln te) ik .5 `a i]uk _kj qj iepej i]oerk aj ah @e]^hk Op]`eqi( `a Paila( =nevkj]* ÎOe ]lku]o hko `ana_dko `a =ne) vkj] l]n] ]lnk^]n hauao n]vkj]^hao l]n] h] lnkpa__e j `a oqo lnkleko _eq`]`]jko( aop o ejrep]`k ] mqa pa jko qj]oÏ( _ep] h] _kjrk_]pkne] ]h arajpk _khk_]`] aj ah oepek `a ejpanjap( op]j`sepd]nevkj]*knc( `kj`a oa kbna_a ejbkni]_e j ok) ^na h] _]il] ]* R]neko cnqlko u knc]jev]_ekjao d]j `a_nap]`k qj ^ke_kp a_kj ) ie_k _kjpn] =nevkj]( hqack `a mqa h] ck^anj]`kn] F]j >nasan( lnk_h]i]n] ah l]o]`k ./ `a ]^neh h] hau O> -,3,( mqa aop]^ha_a _kik `ahepk aop]p]h ah oan ejiecn]jpa ej) `k_qiajp]`k* H] hau p]i^e j k^hec] ] h]o lkhe) _ ]o hk_]hao ] `apaniej]n ah aop]pqo iecn]pknek `a h]o lanokj]o aj _]ok `a ateopen Îokola_d] n]vkj]^haÏ `a mqa oa aj_qajpn] aj bkni] ej`k_q) iajp]`] aj Aop]`ko Qje`ko* Î=nevkj] aop ^]fk ah bqack lao]`k `a hko ikjpkjanko `a h] evmqean`] lkn pn]p]n `a lnkpacan ] oqo _eq`]`]jko `a hko aopn]cko `a h] ejiecn]_e j ehac]hÏ( atlhe_ ah

@Wd 8h[m[h" ]eX[hdWZehW Z[ 7h_pedW" ^W `kij_ÅYWZe bW WfheXWY_ d Z[b fheo[Yje [d Z_l[hiWi eYWi_ed[i

1JEFO B MB .-# BQPZF CMPRVFP ;b d_Ye i[dWZeh ^_ifWde Z[ ;ijWZei Kd_Zei f_Z_ Wo[h bkd[i W bei

`k]WZeh[i Z[ bW b_]W Z[ X[_iXeb Z[ [i[ fW i CWoeh B[W]k[ 8Wi[XWbb gk[ ^ke_kpaaj ah l]npe`k `a h]o aopnahh]o mqa aop lnareopk aj =nevkj] aj .,--( l]n] lnkpaop]n _kjpn] h] hau O>-,3,* ÎHao le`k mqa _kjoe`anaj ah ^ke_kp ]h Fqack `a h]o Aopnahh]o aj =nevkj] d]op] mqa oa narkmqa $h] hau `a ejiecn]_e j% k h] hec] `a_e`] pn]oh]`]n ah l]npe`k ] qj hqc]n ]hpanj]perkÏ( ao_ne^e ah oaj]`kn `ai _n]p] Nk^anp Iajaj`av aj qj] _]np] ]h `ena_pkn afa_qperk `a h] =ok_e]_e j `a Fqc]`knao `a h] Hec] I]ukn `a >aeo^kh( Ie_d]ah Saejan* ÎH] hau `a =nevkj] ao kbajoer] l]n] _kj hko deol]jko u pk`ko hko aop]`qje`ajoao lknmqa _kjreanpa aj hau h] e`ajpeÚ_]_e j n]_e]h ]h ]qpknev]n ] h] lkhe_ ] ] ejpannkc]n ] _q]hmqean] mqa l]nav_] aop]n ehac]hiajpa aj ah l] oÏ( oa ]h Iajaj`av* Ah oaj]`kn oq^n]u mqa .3! `a pk`ko hko fqc]`kna]o `a h] hec] `a ^aeo^kh okj `ao_aj`eajpao `a deol]jko( u mqa .4! j]_e aj ah atpn]jfank* MWi^_d]jed3"'1

oepek `a h] _]il] ] aj h] na`* ÎPk`k ah aop]`k aop oeaj`k ]p]_]`k `a Ðn]_eop]Ñ( Ðj]veÑ u atpna) ieop]* Hko ikjpkjanko `a evmqean)

`] _naaj mqa lqa`aj ajbk_]noa( ]eoh]n u jaqpn]hev]n ] =nevkj]( u lkn p]jpk( lnaoekj]n ] h] cajpa `a =nevkj] ] mqa oa bnaja h] ei)

lhaiajp]_e j `a h] hau* ÎOe aop `a ]_qan`k _kj hko ev) mqean`eop]o( ajpkj_ao `a^a oajpenoa he^na `a mqa`]noa aj _]o] u oacqen _kj oq re`]* Oej ai^]nck( oe qopa` ]lku] ] =nevkj]( _naaiko mqa ao dkn] `a mqa pk`ko jkokpnko aopaiko _kj =nevkj]Ï( oa haa aj ah oepek* ÎAh o ^]`k .5 `a i]uk l]pnekp]o `a pk`k Aop]`ko Qje`ko oa naqjen j aj ah na] `a Ldkajet l]n] ]lku]n ] =nevkj] _kjpn] hko ikjpkjanko `a h] evmqean`]Ï( ej`e_] h] l cej] `a hko _kjoanr]`knao*

I[ YW[d h[\[h[dZei Ieajpn]o p]jpk( `ko nabanaj`ko lnk) lqaopko l]n] `ao]Ú]n h] jqar] hau `a ejiecn]_e j ehac]h `a =nevkj] aop j oeaj`k ]^]j`kj]`ko( `efankj ah hqjao hko knc]jev]`knao* =j`nas ?d rav( qj lnkikpkn lnkbaoekj]h `a lape_ekjao aj qj] `a h]o _]il] ]o( `efk mqa oqo l]pnk_ej]`knao _]j_ah]nkj oq ejpajpk hqack `a _kj_hqen mqa jk lk` ]j aop]n oacqnko `a lk`an

P W l_lW lep 7YkiWY_ d Z[ bei Yedi[hlWZeh[i

º7h_pedW [ij| XW`e [b \k[]e f[iWZe Z[ bW _pgk_[hZW feh jhWjWh Z[ fhej[][h W iki Y_kZWZWdei » lnaoajp]n hko la`e`ko ] peailk l]n] lk`an oqolaj`an h] eilha) iajp]_e j `a h] hau d]op] mqa op] bqan] okiape`] ] qj] rkp]_e j l ^he_] aj .,-.* Fkj C]nne`k( lnej_el]h knc]jev]`kn `ah kpnk nabanaj`k( ]pne^qu oq Új ] h] _kj_hqoe j `a mqa h] hau d]^n ] aop]`k oqfap] ] lnkpa__ekjao hac]hao ^]fk h] _kjopepq_e j `a =nevkj] oe hko rkp]jpao `ah aop]`k h] ]lnqa^]j* H] hau ajpn] aj reckn ah .5 `a fqhek( ] iajko mqa oa] ^hkmqa]`] lkn h]o _knpao ^]fk r]neko `ao]b ko hac]hao laj`eajpao lnaoajp]`ko lkn cnqlko `a `ana_dko _erehao u kpnko* Oqo _h qoqh]o ej_hquaj namqanen mqa h] lkhe_ ] mqa `apajc] ] qj] lanokj] lkn lnaoqjp] rekh]_e j ] kpn] hau h] ejpannkcqa ok^na oq aop]pqo `a ejiecn]_e j oe ateopaj Îokola_d]o n]vkj]^haoÑÑ `a mqa ao] lanokj] aop aj ah l] o ehac]hiajpa* =oeieoik( d]_a mqa oa] qj `ahepk aop]p]h aop]n ej`k_qiajp]`k aj ah l] o* Hko _n pe_ko d]j `e_dk mqa h] hau _kjpn] h] ejiecn]_e j ehac]h `aner]n aj h] `apaj_e j `a lanok) j]o lkn oq ]l]neaj_e] pje_]( lank oqo l]npe`]neko na_d]v]j aoa ]ncq) iajpk u `e_aj mqa lnaoekj]n ] hko ejiecn]jpao ehac]hao l]n] mqa o]hc]j `ah l] o lkn oq _qajp]* ?d rav `efk mqa oqo _heajpao( ] mqeajao jk e`ajpeÚ_ ( h]jv]nkj h] lnkik_e j `ah nabanaj`k _kj h] _naaj_e] `a mqa lk`n ]j ]lh]v]n h] eilhaiajp]_e j `a h] hau d]op] .,-.( ]h jk lnaoajp]n h]o Úni]o `a h] lape_e j d]op] mqa bqaoa `ai]oe]`k p]n`a l]n] mqa h]o ]qpkne`]`ao aha_pkn]hao _khk_]oaj qj nabanaj`k aj h]o ^khap]o `a hko _kie_eko `a jkreai^na* Oej ai^]nck( hko l]pnk_ej]`knao `a_e`eankj ah Új `a oai]j] lk) jan Új ] h] _]il] ] `ah nabanaj) `k _q]j`k _kj_hquankj mqa ] j lk`n ] d]^an qjk aj jkreai^na( hk mqa aj oq kleje j jk hao `]^] peailk oqÚ_eajpa l]n] d]_an qj] _]il] ] aba_per] _kjpn] h] hau( `efk ?d rav* .D

9B7K:?7 =K7:7HH7C7

I[h| [b (& Z[ cWoe" WdkdY_W DWdYo F[bei_

>WXbWh| 9WbZ[h d Wdj[ 9ed]h[ie Z[ ;K MWi^d]jed3Efk`d\o

&

h `eo_qnok `ah lnaoe`ajpa `a I te_k( Bahela ?]h`an j( ]jpa qj] oaoe j _kjfqjp] `ah ?kjcnaok `a Aop]`ko Qje`ko oa _aha^n]n ah ., u jk ah -5 `a i]uk _kik aop]^] lnareopk eje_e]hiajpa(

oa ]jqj_e ]uan hqjao* H] jqar] ba_d] bqa ]jqj_e]`] lkn h] Kbe_ej] `a h] Lnaoe`ajp] `a h] ? i]n] `a Nalnaoajp]j) pao J]j_u Lahkoe( ]qjmqa jk oa atlhe_]nkj h]o n]vkjao `apn o `ah _]i^ek* ?]h`an j d]^h]n ]jpa hko ha)

ceoh]`knao aop]`qje`ajoao aj ah _kjpatpk `a oq reoep] `a Aop]`k( _kik l]npa `a h] _q]h oan k^) fapk `a qj] reopko] _anaikje] `a na_al_e j aj h] ?]o] >h]j_] ah ie n_khao -5* Oan ah lneian iajo]fa mqa qj i]j`]p]nek iate_]jk `eneca ]h ?kjcnaok aop]`qje`ajoa `ao`a mqa ah at lnaoe`ajpa Re_ajpa Bkt devk hk lnklek aj .,,-* Ah `eo_qnok lna_a`an h] ?aj] `a Aop]`k mqa kbna_an K^]i] aj dkjkn `a oq ejrep]`k iate_]jk( ]laj]o h] oacqj`] `eopej_e j `a aopa pelk kbna_e`] lkn ah i]j`]p]nek ] qj faba `a

;b cWdZWjWh_e Wb_ijW ik l_W`[

ck^eanjk atpn]jfank `qn]jpa oq lnaoe`aj_e]* Aj oq klknpqje`]` h] ?]o] >h]j_] `aop]_ mqa h] ejrep]) _e j ]h lnaoe`ajpa ?]h`an j ao qj na_kjk_eieajpk `a hko Îlnk) bqj`ko r j_qhko u `a h] bqanpa nah]_e jÏ ajpna Aop]`ko Qje`ko u I te_k* @qn]jpa oq aj_qajpnk( hko lnaoe`ajpao K^]i] u ?]h`a) n j d]^h]n j `a pai]o _kik _kilapepere`]`( _kklan]_e j aj oacqne`]`( h]o klknpqje`]`ao aj ajanc ]o heile]o( iecn]_e j u kpnko pai]o( `a ]_qan`k _kj h] ]caj`] kbe_e]h* .D


cWhj[i '' Z[ CWoe Z[ (&'&

.1

P

D@C<E@F

C_d_ij[h_e ;Z_jeh0 'SBODJTDP (BSEVtP F Xb_Ye cf6c_b[d_eZ_Wh_e$Yec$cn

;b WjhWYj_le Z[ bW [dj_ZWZ [i gk[ i[ ^W Yedl[hj_Ze [d kd ]hWd c[hYWZe Z[ Zhe]W" ieij_[d[ [b ]eX[hdWZeh

Bei dWhYei i[ Z_ifkjWd [b ;Zec[n0 F[ W D_[je E9J7L?E >EOEI%9K7HJEI9KHE

7Zc_j[ gk[ lWh_ei

YWfei l_l[d [d pedWi h[i_Z[dY_Wb[i ºfWhW fWiWh _dWZl[hj_Zei» E\h[Y[ h[ZeXbWh bW

YebWXehWY_ d Yed bW IIF jhWi bei YWj[ei [d YWiWi Z[ 7j_pWf|d ;Zec[n3äjZXi Ifd\if p 8eX JXcXqXi

&

h ck^anj]`kn `ah Aop]`k `a I te_k( Ajnemqa La ] Jeapk( na_kjk_e mqa hko _ npahao `a h] `nkc] oa `eolqp]j ah ian_]`k `a h] ajpe`]` u ]oacqn ej_hqok mqa ]hcqj]o _]^av]o `a aoko cnqlko `ahe_perko reraj aj vkj]o naoe`aj_e]hao _kik =pev]) l j( `kj`a aopa Ú j `a oai]j] h] I]nej] ]lhe_ qj klan]perk l]n] _]lpqn]n ] `c]n R]h`av Rehh]nna]h( H] >]n^ea* ÎAj h] vkj] iapnklkhep]j] `a h] _q]h bkni] l]npa ah Aop]`k `a I te_k fqjpk _kj ah @eopnepk Ba`an]h $***% d]u qj cn]j ian_]`k _kjoqie) `kn $`a `nkc]o%( lqao p]i^e j aj aopk( mqa ao jac]perk( p]i^e j hk ao lknmqa h]iajp]^haiajpa ]mq d]u qj cn]j ian_]`k( mqa oacqn]) iajpa cnqlko $`ah j]n_kpn Ú _k% oa aop j `eolqp]j`kÏ( oa ]h * Ajpnareop]`k ]h p niejk `ah baopafk `ah @ ] `a h] I]`na knc]) jev]`k lkn ah ck^eanjk aop]p]h aj ah iqje_elek `a Tkj]_]ph j( La ] Jeapk ]`iepe mqa r]neko _]lko `ah j]n_kpn Ú _k Îjk d]j `af]`k `a aop]n $aj ah aop]`k%( d]j aop]`k ]d `a peailk ]pn oÏ* ÍOk^na ah ]oqjpk `a h]o j]n)

;b cWdZWjWh_e c[n_gk[di[ WY[fj gk[ bW _di[]kh_ZWZ [i kd \[d c[de gk[ W\[YjW W jeZWi bWi h[]_ed[i Z[b fW i _k_]o]o `apa_p]`]o aopa Ú j `a oa) i]j] aj =pev]l j( ¼mq ]__ekjao oa hhar]n j ] _]^k; ÍAop]iko aj hk ieoik( hk daiko naepan]`k u daiko raje`k ]_na`ep]j`k h] _kh]^kn]_e j _kj h]o ]qpkne`]`ao ba`an]hao aj _q]jpk ] h]o ejraopec]_ekjao mqa aop j hha) r]`k ] _]^k7 aop]iko aj ah jeik u h] `eolkoe_e j $`a _kh]^kn]n%( u ]o hk daiko ]_na`ep]`k* Î?nak mqa h] aÚ _]_e] mqa lk) `]iko pajan aj aop] i]pane]( mqa p]jpk lnak_ql] ] h] ok_ea`]`( mqa ao ah _ki^]pa aÚ _]v ] h] ejoacqne) `]` mqa h]iajp]^haiajpa aop]iko

l]`a_eaj`k u aop]iko reaj`k aj pk`k ah l] o( lqao k^hec] ] h] na`aÚ ) je_e j `a aopn]pace]o u( ok^na pk`k( hk mqa aop] ]mq ]_na`ep j`koa ao qj] iafkn _kh]^kn]_e j ajpna hko `eopejpko n`ajao `a ck^eanjk; Í?kjoe`an] mqa ah j]n_k u] pki ah _kjpnkh `a h] lh]v] `ah Aop]`k `a I te_k; ÍJk( jk( jk* Ao oq ]Ú ni]_e j( lank uk _nak mqa jk* ͼAop _]i^e]j`k oq aopn]pace] ]h aop]n u] aj vkj]o qn^]j]o; Í?nak mqa jk d]j `af]`k `a aop]n $]d hko j]n_ko%* ?nak mqa d]j aop]`k ]d `a peailk ]pn o* Ao qj

]oqjpk mqa k^hec] ] na`aÚ jen h] aopn]pace] l]n] ran aopk aj ah i]n_k `a qj] reoe j ejpacn]h( `kj`a oa ejde^] na]hiajpa ]h _kjoqik `a `nkc]o( lqao oac j hko hpeiko aopq`eko na]hev]`ko lkn ajpe`]`ao `ah ?kjoafk J]_ekj]h `a Oacqne`]` L ^he_] oa d] ikopn]`k mqa ah _kj) oqik oa d] ej_naiajp]`k* ÎAj h] vkj] iapnklkhep]j] `a h] _q]h bkni] l]npa ah Aop]`k `a I te_k fqjpk _kj ah @eopnepk Ba`an]h( lqao d]_aj hk ieoik mqa l]n] ^eaj( mqa oeailna reaja oeaj`k qj] `a jqaopn]o rajp]f]o( _kik ao oan qj cn]j ian_]`k _kjoqie`kn( lqao

BW CWh_dW h[]_ijhW ejhW YWiW Z[b \hWYY_edWc_[dje 9bkX Z[ =eb\ LWbb[iYedZ_Ze

7Xh[d _dZW]Wjeh_W feh Whi[dWb Z[ BW 8WhX_[ C n_Ye3IlY e Dfjjf

"

`ko ` ]o `a h] ^]h]_an] aj ah bn]__ekj]ieajpk naoe`aj) _e]h ?kj`]`k `a O]u]ra`n]( q^e_]`k aj =pev]l j( Aop]`k `a I te_k( h] LCN eje_e qj] ]rane) cq]_e j lnare] lkn ah `a_kieok `ah ]noaj]h d]hh]`k aj qj] _]o] `a oacqne`]` `a `c]n R]h`av Rehh]) nna]h( H] >]n^ea( at faba `a oe_]neko

`a hko _ npahao `a Oej]hk] u `a hko dani]jko >ahpn j Haur]* Aj `e_dk `kie_ehek oa aj_kj) pn]nkj ., ]ni]o h]nc]o( -. _knp]o( i o `a .4 ieh _]npq_dko `a `eba) najpao _]he^nao( ..3 _]nc]`knao( qj] ^]vq_]( qj] cn]j]`] `a dqik( qj _ehej`nk `a oa ]hev]_e j( pnao cn]j]`]o `a bn]ciajp]_e j( pnao `a nqlpqn]( oaeo `a /3 ii( ., `a 0, ii( jqara bqhiej]jpao( _q])

pnk _ehej`nko pknat $atlhkoerko%( -3 iapnko `a _kn` j `apkj]jpa( oeapa oehaj_e]`knao _eh j`ne_ko u -, _d]ha_ko ^hej`]`ko* H] i]`nqc]`] `ah o ^]`k aj h] _]hha ?]opehhk `a Ktbkn` j iank -/,( _khkje] ?kj`]`k `a O]u]ra`n]( k_qnne qj] ^]h]_an] ajpna cnqlko `a j]n_ko ner]hao( ikperk lkn ah _q]h ahaiajpko `a h] @ena__e j `a Oacqne`]` L ^he_] aop]p]h ]_q`eankj

]h ejiqa^ha( `kj`a hk_]hev]nkj `ko lanokj]o oej re`]* ?kik l]npa `a h]o ejraopec]_ek) jao( h] I]nej] ]lhe_ aopa `kiejck qj klan]perk aj hko bn]__ekj]ieaj) pko ?hq^ `a Ckhb R]hhao_kj`e`k u D]_eaj`] `a R]hhao_kj`e`k( `kj`a pki]nkj ah _kjpnkh `a h]o _]oap]o `a ajpn]`] u o]he`]( mqa an]j naocq]n) `]`]o lkn lkhe_ ]o iqje_el]hao* ?kj ah ]lkuk `a ]ankj]rao oa

p]i^e j aj aopk( mqa ao jac]perk( p]i^e j hk ao lknmqa h]iajp]^ha) iajpa ]mq d]u qj cn]j ian_]`k( mqa oacqn]iajpa cnqlko oa aop j `eolqp]j`k* ÎLkn kpnk h]`k( h] iapnklkhe) v]_e j mqa rereiko aj ah Aop]`k `a I te_k u ah @eopnepk Ba`an]h ] ra_ao d]_a mqa l]n] iq_d]o _]) ^av]o `a aopko cnqlko oa] oq hqc]n `a naoe`aj_e] u `a ]oeajpk( ]jpa h] lkoe^ehe`]` `a l]o]n `a i]jan] ej]`ranpe`]( _]oe ]j jei]( hk _q]h jk k_qnna aj hqc]nao i o lamqa) ko( `kj`a oq lnaoaj_e] ao iq_dk i o jkpkne]*Ï .D `eankj ] h] p]na] `a ^qo_]n ]h pat]) jk `c]n R]h`av Rehh]nna]h( mqeaj ao qjk `a hko `ahej_qajpao i o ^qo_]`ko aj I te_k u lkn ah mqa oa kbna_a qj] na_kilajo] `a /, iehhkjao `a laoko* H] p]n`a `a ]uan qjko -, aha) iajpko `a h] I]nej] nacnao]nkj ]h bn]__ekj]ieajpk ?hq^ `a Ckhb R]hhao_kj`e`k( `a =pev]l j( `kj) `a lani]ja_eankj lkn aol]_ek `a dkn] u ia`e]* Ah lanokj]h _]opnajoa oa aopqrk aj h] _]o] i]n_]`] _kj ah j iank ., `a h] _]hha `a Palakhqh_k* Aj aop] k_]oe j jk _ann]nkj hko ]__aoko u p]ilk_k dq^k `apaje`ko* .D


D@C<E@F

/FHPDJPT

cWhj[i '' Z[ CWoe Z[ (&'&

;Z_jeh0 )VHP (PO[fMF[ d[]eY_ei$Z\6c_b[d_e$Yec

;d '& W‹ei" bW fheZkYY_Œd Wi_|j_YW Yh[Y_Œ Z[ ( W '( c_bbed[i Z[ kd_ZWZ[i

Cƒn_Ye" h[pW]WZe \h[dj[ W 9^_dW [d i[Yjeh Wkjecejeh Cƒn_Ye38ekfe`f ?\ie}e[\q

&

j .,,,( h] lnk`q__e“j `a ]qpki“rehao `a IŠte_k u ?dej] oa aj_kjpn]^] lnƒ_pe_]iajpa ]heja]) `] ]h q^e_]noa aj _]oe . iehhkjao `a ]qpko7 oej ai^]nck( h] j]_e“j ]oeƒpe_] pki“ qj] ]ilhe] rajp]f] ( lqao l]n] .,,5 h] ^na_d] lnk`q_per] an] `a -. iehhkjao `a qje`]`ao* =oÂŽ( aj ah pn]jo_qnok `a iajko `a qj] `Š_]`]( ?dej] na^]o“ ] IŠte_k aj h] lnk`q__e“j `a ]q) pko( lqao ieajpn]o hko ]oeƒpe_ko atlaneiajp]nkj qj] p]o] `a _na) _eieajpk lnkia`ek ]jq]h `a ./*1 lkn _eajpk( ah ian_]`k `kiŠope_k k^oanr“ qj lnkia`ek `a .*3 lkn _eajpk( oac˜j `]pko `ah aopq`ek ĂŽH] ejranoe“j atpn]jfan] `ena_p] aj =iŠne_] H]pej] u ah ?]ne^aĂ?( ah]^kn]`k lkn h] ?al]h* Aj qj ]l]np]`k `a`e_]`k ] h] ej) `qopne] ]qpkikpnev( ah knc]jeoik `a h] KJQ `ap]hh] mqa p]j o“hk aj .,,5 ?dej] pqrk qj ej_naiajpk `a 04 lkn _eajpk aj oq lnk`q__e“j iqj`e]h( n]peĂš_ƒj`koa _kik ah hÂŽ) `an aj ah kn^a aj h] i]jqb]_pqn] ]qpkikpnev* ĂŽOeailna daiko lajo]`k mqa ?dej] ao o“hk qj _kiln]`kn( lank jk ao ]oÂŽ( ao ah lnej_el]h lnk`q_pkn `a ]qpki“rehao( lkn ah ]qiajpk mqa naceopn“ h] _kiln] `a radÂŽ_qhko aj hko ˜hpeiko ]Â’ko* Hko ]oeƒpe_ko pki]) nkj ah ian_]`k ]qpkikpnev ]jpa h] ajknia _]ÂŽ`] naceopn]`] aj F]l“j( Aop]`ko Qje`ko u p]i^eŠj IŠte_kĂ?( `efk h] oa_nap]ne] afa_qper] `a h] ?al]h( =he_e] >ƒn_aj]* Oac˜j h] ?al]h( aj ?dej] oa d] naceopn]`k qjk `a hko lnk_aoko iƒo aola_p]_qh]nao aj h] deopkne] `a h]

C_[djhWi [d [b c[hYWZe Z[ [iW dWY_ÂŒd [ijW

_dZkijh_W Wkc[djŒ W kd h_jce WdkWb Z[ ()$+ " [d [b fW‡i bW jWiW fhec[Z_e Wf[dWi WbYWdpŒ ($+ 7B<H;:E I7D@K7D

i[ ^W Yedl[hj_Ze [d [b WYjeh c|i h[b[lWdj[ Z[ bW _dZkijh_W Wkjecejh_p ckdZ_Wb$

9BW YedikbjehW AFC= _dZ_YW gk[ bWi cWhYWi gk[ _dYh[c[d# jWh|d ik fWhj_Y_fWY_Œd [d [b c[hYWZe ZkhWdj[ bei fhŒn_cei Y_dYe W‹ei i[h|d dk[lei \WXh_# YWdj[i Z[ l[^‡Ykbei Z[ 9^_dW [ ?dZ_W$

ej`qopne] ]qpkikpnev* @ao`a hko ]’ko k_dajp]( h]o ]qpkne`]`ao _dej]o ]`fq) `e_]nkj ]h oa_pkn ]qpkikpkn qj l]lah _ajpn]h aj ah `ao]nnkhhk ej`qopne]h `a oq l]Žo* Aj ah patpk oa atlhe_] mqa aj -55. h] _]l]_e`]` lnk`q_per] `a ?dej] oqlan“ lkn lneian] rav ah iehh“j `a radŽ_qhko( u aj .,,, ah cec]jpa ]oeƒpe_k u] lnk`q_Ž] `ko iehhkjao* @aolqŠo `a .,,-( ] n]Žv `a oq ejcna)

ok ] h] Knc]jev]_e“j Iqj`e]h `ah ?kian_ek( ah ian_]`k ]qpkikpkn _dejk naceopn“ qj _na_eieajpk ran) pecejkok6 `a .,,. ] .,,3 _na_e“ ] qj] p]o] ia`e] ]jq]h oqlanekn ] ., lkn _eajpk( hk mqa nalnaoajp]^] qj ej_naiajpk `a qj iehh“j `a radŽ) _qhko lkn ]’k* H] atla_p]per] l]n] hko ln“teiko ]’ko ao mqa i]jpaj`nƒ qj _na_eieaj) pk bqanpa u okopaje`k6 `a da_dk( ah

ian_]`k _dejk lk`nƒ atl]j`enoa -, ra_ao `a .,,1 ] .,/,( baj“iajk ^]o]`k aj oq ajknia ian_]`k ej) panjk u nƒle`k ]qiajpk `ah ejcnaok lan _ƒlep]Ă?( oq^n]u] h] ?al]h* Aj ah _]ok `a IŠte_k( `ao`a h] ajpn]`] aj reckn `ah Pn]p]`k `a He) ^na ?kian_ek `a =iŠne_] `ah Jknpa h] ej`qopne] ]qpkikpnev peaja qj] cn]j `alaj`aj_e] `ah ian_]`k aop]`qje`ajoa7 ]oÂŽ( ah _kilknp])

Cƒn_Ye3:`ek_pX 9`Y`Xe

o] Iate_]j] `a R]hknao u ah pelk `a _]i^ek `ah laok bnajpa ]h `“h]n( mqa naceopn]nkj c]j]j_e]o* Aj IŠte_k ah Ìj`e_a `a Lna_eko u ?kpev]_ekjao naceopn“ qj ej_naiaj) pk `a .*1 lkn _eajpk l]n] _kj_hqen h] oaoe“j aj /. ieh .32*5. lqjpko l]o]`]o h]o -16,, dkn]o( `a^e`k ] qj na_aok iejqpko ]jpao `ah _eanna ] _]qo] `a hko lnk^hai]o pŠ_je_ko u _kj hk _q]h ah ian_]`k na_qlan“ pannajk lkoeperk* Ah pelk `a _]i^ek _kj_hq) u“ h] fknj]`] aj -.*0521 laoko

lkn `“h]n( hk mqa eilhe_“ qj] c]j]j_e] `a /*21 lkn _eajpk `a h] ikja`] iate_]j] bnajpa ] h] aop]`qje`ajoa* Aj Aop]`ko Qje`ko ah @ks Fkjao naceopn“ qj ej_naiajpk `a /*5 lkn _eajpk( ieajpn]o ah BPOA aj Naejk Qje`k ]qiajp“ /*2 lkn _eajpk( ah >kraol] aj >n]oeh 0*- lkn _eajpk u ah Jeggae -*1 lkn _eajpk( `aop]_]nkj hko _na_eieajpko k^oanr]`ko aj ah E^at `a Aol]’] _kj -0*1 lkn _eajpk u 5*3 lkn _eajpk l]n] ah ?=?0, aj Bn]j_e]*

ieajpk lnk`q_perk `a aopa oa_pkn( aj l]npe_qh]n `a h]o atlknp]_ekjao( d] paje`k qj rŽj_qhk `ena_pk _kj ah `aoaila’k `a h] a_kjkiŽ] jkn) pa]iane_]j]* Lkn ahhk( atlhe_] h] ?al]h( `qn]jpa hko lanek`ko `a ]qca `a oq ra_ejk `ah jknpa( h] ej`qopne] iate_]j] ikopn“ at_ahajpao naoqhp]`ko( ieajpn]o mqa `qn]jpa hko lanek`ko na_aoerko h]o na) lan_qoekjao d]j oe`k cn]rao(oqi]`k ] mqa ah ian_]`k aop]`qje`ajoa d] e`k lan`eaj`k bqanv]* =j]heop]o `a Eta aopei]j mqa h] rajp] `a ]qpko u _]iekjap]o hecan]o aj AQ _na_anƒ `a -/ ] ., lkn _eajpk aj .,-,7 aj ajank)i]nvk `a aopa ]’k _na_e“ -1*1 lkn _eajpk( _kjpn] ecq]h h]lok `a .,,5* .D

P YbWl[i

FbWd Z[ Wfeoe Z[ -+& c_bbed[i" b[lWdjW bWi XebiWi Z[b ckdZe

-

9;d c[dei Z[ ,& W‹ei" 9^_dW

Y^_de ^W Z[i[cf[‹WZe kd fWf[b YbWl[ Wb fhefehY_edWh bei h[Ykhiei [ _dijhkc[djei d[Y[iWh_ei fWhW fhej[][h o Z[iWhhebbWh bW _dZkijh_W$

7b[hjWd ieXh[ c[Z_ZWi [c[h][dj[i

ko ian_]`ko `a r]hknao ] ao_]h] chk^]h naceopn]nkj qj nalqjpa aj oqo _kpev]) _ekjao ]lku]`ko lkn ah ]jqj_ek `a h] Qje“j Aqnkla] `a hhar]n ] _]^k qj lh]j `a ]lkuk lkn 31, ieh iehhkjao `a aqnko l]n] hko l]ÂŽoao iƒo aj`aq`]`ko `a h] nace“j* =j]heop]o _kiajp]nkj mqa h] ia) `e`] `eoiejqu“ h] ]ranoe“j ]h neaock `a hko ejranoekjeop]o mqa naejrenpeankj na_qnoko lnej_el]hiajpa aj l]ÂŽoao aiancajpao( _kj hk _q]h IŠte_k oa rek ^ajaĂš_e]`k u lkn hk p]jpk h] >kh)

7kjei eh_[djWb[i

9;d [ijW jhWo[Yjeh_W" [b ;ijWZe

7dWb_ijWi WĂ…hcWd

gk[ bW [ijhWj[]_W Z[ bW K; Z_ic_dkoŒ bW Wl[hi_Œd Z[ h_[i]e

P YbWl[i

ĂŽAj Aop]`ko Qje`ko h] Ba` ]_kn`“ ]^nen `eranoko ia_]jeo) iko l]n] lnkraan `a oqbe_eajpa hemqe`av ] hko ^]j_ko _ajpn]hao `a Aqnkl]( Ejch]pann]( F]l“j( Oqe) v] u ?]j]`ƒĂ?( _kiajp“ C]^neah] Odehhan `a >]oa ?]o] `a >kho]* =j]heop]o `a Eta _]hebe_]nkj ah lh]j `a nao_]pa _kik ]hck oej lna_a`ajpao( qj ran`]`ank ĂŽp]jmqa `a ktÂŽcajkĂ? l]n] hko ian_]`ko bej]j_eanko `ah iqj`k mqa ]laj]o ah l]o]`k reanjao l]na_ÂŽ]j ]obete]`ko* .D

C[hYWZei 9BW 8ebiW Z[ 7j[dWi ikX‡W c|i Z[ . feh Y_[dje [ijW cW‹WdW" [d bW fh_# c[hW i[i_Œd jhWi bW WfheXWY_Œd Z[b fWgk[j[ Yh[Z_j_Y_e WYehZWZe feh bei c_d_ijhei Z[ ;Yedec‡W o <_dWdpWi Z[ bW K; `kdje Wb <C?" fWhW WokZWh W =h[Y_W W iWb_h Z[ bW Yh_i_i$

9BW XebiW [ifW‹ebW be]hŒ bW cWoeh ikX_ZW Z[ ik ^_ijeh_W" Wb be]hWh kd Wkc[dje Z[ '*$*) feh Y_[dje" [cfk`WZW feh bW Yh[WY_Œd [b \edZe Z[ Wfeoe Wb [khe$

9;b ‡dZ_Y[ :em @ed[i ikX_ÂŒ )$/& fWhW Y[hhWh [d '& c_b -.+$'* fkdjei1 [b ‡dZ_Y[ IjWdZWhZ Feeh½i ikX_ÂŒ *$*& fWhW i_jkWhi[ [d c_b '+/"-)1 o DWiZWg Y[hhÂŒ [d ( c_b )-*",- fkdjei$


D@C<E@F

cWhj[i '' Z[ CWoe Z[ (&'&

'SPOUFSBT

;Z_jeh[i0 *SFOF 4FMTFS )PSBDJP #FTTPO \hedj[hWi$Z\6c_b[d_e$Yec

8H?7D IDO:;H%H;KJ;HI

;ijWZei Kd_Zei$ 8WhWYa EXWcW f_Z[ c|i iWdY_ed[i

7bWXWcW" [d Wb[hjW feh bW cWh[W d[]hW BWi XkhXk`Wi Z[ Wbgk_jh|d Wc[dWpWd oW bWi

fbWoWi jkh ij_YWi" c_[djhWi bW f[jheb[hW Xh_j|d_YW _dj[djW ejhWi Wbj[hdWj_lWi fWhW Y[hhWh bW \k]W Dk[lW Ehb Wdi38^\eZ`Xj

7

eop] `ao`a ah ]ena( h] i]na] jacn] nk) `a] u] h]o naoanr]o `a eoh]o j]pqn]hao bnajpa ] h]o _kop]o `a Hqeoe]j] u h]o ^kh]o `a ]hmqepn j d]j hhac]`k ] h] _kop] `a =h]^]i]( ]iaj]v]j`k h]o lh]u]o pqn ope_]o( ejbkni]nkj ]uan h]o ]qpkne`]`ao aop]`qje`ajoao* Aj p]jpk( pn]o ah bn]_]ok `a h] _khk_]_e j `a h] _ lqh] cec]jpa l]n] `apajan ah `ann]ia `a _nq`k aj ah Ckhbk `a I te_k( ah _kjokn_ek >nepeod Lapnkhaqi $>L% ^qo_]^] jqar]o kl_ekjao l]n] ajbnajp]n aopa `ao]opna `a eilnareoe^hao aba_pko ]i^eajp]hao u a_kj ie_ko* Ah paikn aj =h]^]i]( u p]i) ^e j aj Hqeoe]j]( q^e_]`] qjko 4, geh iapnko ]h oq`kaopa `ah _]ilk lapnkhank I]_kj`k( `kj`a ah ., `a ]^neh aop]hh h] lh]p]bkni] @aa) ls]pan Dknevkj( ao h] ]ba_p]_e j ] h] re`] i]nej] aj qj na] `a peann]o

^]f]o _kj vkj]o rep]hao `a `aokra l]n] hko la_ao( _]i]nkjao u _]j) cnafko( u qj] l]n]`] eilknp]jpa l]n] iq_d]o aola_eao iecn]pkne]o `a ]rao n]n]o* H] ej`qopne] laomqan] `a Hqeoe]j] d] oe`k l]n_e]hiajpa l]n]`] ]jpa h] arajpq]he`]` `a mqa h] lao_] aop _kjp]iej]`]* Aj _q]jpk ] h]o kl_ekjao `a _kj) paj_e j( oa aop _kjoe`an]j`k qj `eolkoeperk mqa k^pqna ah lqjpk `a bqc] `ah _nq`k Ímqa eila`en ] h] bkni]_e j `a deahkÍ( qj Î`eol]nk `a ^]oqn]Ï l]n] p]l]n h] nkpqn] _kj ao_ki^nko a ej_hqok qj] r hrqh] ajpan]iajpa jqar]( atlhe_ ]uan ah faba `a klan]_ekjao `a >L( @kqc Oqpphao( ] h] _]`aj] ?JJ* H] >L p]i^e j na]jq` h] ej) ua__e j `a mq ie_ko l]n] `eokhran ah _nq`k( ]jpa ah paikn `a ]ok_e]) _ekjao ]i^eajp]heop]o( ajpna ahh]o Cnaajl]_a( lkn ah `] k ]`e_ekj]h `a aopko p te_ko* Aj p]jpk( ^]nnan]o Ûkp]jpao u aolkjf]o l]n] ]^okn^an h] i]na]

jacn] oa aop j d]_eaj`k _kj i]pa) ne]hao na_e_h]`ko( _kik _]^ahhk( lahk `a ]jei]h u l]jpuo( oac j h] e`a] `a qj lahqmqank `a =h]^]i]( Ldeh I_?nknu( mqa qo aoko lnk`q_pko ]h k^oanr]n ] h]o jqpne]o i]nej]o _q^eanp]o `a lapn hak _q]j`k ah `ann]ia `ah ^qmqa Attkj R]h`av aj =h]og]( aj -545* ÎOa d] ejo_nepk cajpa `a Bn]j_e]( Ejch]pann]( Aol] ]( >n]oeh( =qopn]he]( pk`k ?]j]` u Aop]`ko Qje`koÏ( _qajp] Heo] C]qpean( _kbqj`]`kn] `a h] knc]jev]_e j _]nep]per] I]ppan kb Pnqop mqa _kja_p] lnk`q_pko na_e_h]`ko* ÎD]u /3, ieh lahq) mqan ]o i]j`]j`k _]^ahhk( -,, ieh o]hkjao `a ]_e_]h]ieajpk `a i]o_kp]o( cn]jf]o `a ]hl]_]o u kraf]oÏ( ] ]`e *H] _]`aj] j]_ekj]h `a _qe`]`k `a i]o_kp]o Lap_k oa qje ]h aobqanvk ah fqarao* ÎAh lahk napeaja hk cn]ok j]pq) n]hiajpa* Oeaj`k ah lapn hak cn]ok( ah _]^ahhk ao _kik l]j ^aj`epkÏ( atlhe_] @]eoua Oq`qn]j( `ena_pkn] `ah o]h j `a ^ahhav] `a qj cn]j dkpah

>WbbWd \eiW Yec d [d I[hX_W Yed kdei (+& Yk[hfei :7HAE LE@?DEL?9%7F

BWi Wkjeh_ZWZ[i i[hX_Wi Z[iYkXh_[# hed kdW _cfehjWdj[ \eiW Yec d gk[ fWh[Y[ Yedj[d[h bei Yk[hfei Z[ kdei (+& WbXWd[i[i Z[ Aeie# le" ck[hjei ZkhWdj[ [b Yed\b_Yje Z[ '//.#'///" Z[YbWh Wo[h [b \_iYWb i[hX_e fWhW bei Yh c[d[i Z[ ]k[# hhW" LbWZ_c_h LkaY[l_Y$ BW \eiW Yec d i[ Z[iYkXh_ [d [b [ijWdgk[ Z[ kdW YWdj[hW Y[hYW Z[ bW Y_kZWZ Z[ HWiaW ikhe[ij[ Z[ I[hX_W " fh[Y_i [b \_iYWb$ BWi ef[hWY_ed[i Z[ [n^kcWY_ d [cf[pWh|d fh n_cWc[dj[$ Bei Yk[hfei Z[ Y[dj[dWh[i Z[ Y_l_b[i ck[hjei [d Aeiele \k[hed jhWi# bWZWZei o [dj[hhWZei [d lWh_ei bk]Wh[i Z[ I[hX_W feh bWi \k[hpWi Z[b [n fh[i_Z[dj[ ok]eibWle Ibe# XeZWd C_bei[l_Y$

BWi XkhXk`Wi Z[ Wbgk_jh|d oW bb[]Whed W 7bWXWcW

P YbWl[i )+& cZZ 9BW f[jheb[hW 8F Y_\h Wo[h [d )+& c_bbed[i Z[ Z bWh[i [b Yeije Z[ bWi jWh[Wi Z[ b_cf_[pW gk[ bb[lW W YWXe [d [b =eb\e Z[ C n_Ye jhWi [b Z[hhWc[$

9:[iZ[ [b WYY_Z[dj[ [d bW fbW#

jW\ehcW :[[fmWj[h >eh_ped i[ ^Wd l[hj_Ze [d [b eY Wde kdei ',$) c_bbed[i Z[ b_jhei Z[ YhkZe$

`a Jqar] Knha jo u naolkjo]^ha eilnkreo]`] `a h] _ajpn]hev]_e j `a pk`k ah _]^ahhk _knp]`k aj h] _eq`]`* ÎAh af n_epk raj`n ] ^qo_]nh]o u h]o lkj`n aj _]fkjao `a h]jckop]o* Dqj`en j ao]o f]qh]o 1, _i* ^]fk ah ]cq] l]n] ]^okn^an ah lapn hakÏ( atlhe_] @]eoua* ?q]j`k aop j hhajko

`a _nq`k( oan j napen]`ko u Îaheie) j]`ko `a qj] bkni] naolapqko] _kj ah ia`ek ]i^eajpaÏ* Aj p]jpk( ah lnaoe`ajpa `a AQ*( >]n]_g K^]i]( mqeana aj`qna_an h] haceoh]_e j ok^na _kilajo]_ekjao lkn `] ko aj _]ok `a `ann]iao `a lapn hak( mqa dku heiep] aoko l]cko ] 31 iehhkjao `a ` h]nao* Ah rk_ank `a h] ?]o] >h]j_]( Nk) ^anp Ce^^o( `efk mqa ah lnaoe`ajpa lh]jpa h] eilknp]j_e] `a _kjp]n _kj atlanpko ej`alaj`eajpao u `a lkjan pk`]o h]o okhq_ekjao lkoe^hao ok^na h] iao]* ÎNa_h]i]naiko _kj ajanc ] qj] _kilajo]_e j _kilha) p] lkn pk`ko hko `] koÏ _]qo]`ko( ] ]`e Ce^^o* Ieajpn]o( h]o ]qpkne`]`ao `ah aop]`k `a Bhkne`] _na]nkj qj _kjoafk ]oaokn l]n] ]j]hev]n ah eil]_pk mqa lk`n ] pajan ah `ann]ia* Ah amqelk aop]n ejpacn]`k lkn hko at Úo_]hao >k^ >qppansknpd u Fei Oiepd( u kpn]o ]caj_e]o aop]p]hao* .D

;K$ º;dYWhdW [i\k[hpe c|n_ce [ _dj[]h_ZWZ»

EXWcW fhefed[ W fheYkhWZehW ;b[dW AW]Wd W bW 9ehj[ Ikfh[cW MWi^_d]jed3;G8

&

h lnaoe`ajpa `a Aop]`ko Qje`ko( >]n]_g K^]i]( jkiej ]uan ] h] lnk_qn]) `kn] cajan]h `a oq ck^eanjk( Ahaj] G]c]j( l]n] mqa oa] fqav `a h] ?knpa Oqlnai] jknpa]iane_]j]* G]c]j( `a 1, ] ko( oa _kjran) pen aj h] ieai^nk i o fkraj `ah pne^qj]h aj _]ok `a mqa oq jkiej]_e j oa] _kjÚni]`] lkn ah Oaj]`k aop]`qje`ajoa* H] fqneop]( at `a_]j] `a h] lnaopeceko] D]nr]n` H]s O_dkkh( nalnaoajp] `ao`a d]_a qj ] k ]h

ck^eanjk _kik lnk_qn]`kn] caja) n]h ]jpa h] lnkle] ?knpa Oqlnai]* =h fqopeÚ_]n oq `a_eoe j( K^]i] `efk mqa G]c]j ao qj] `a i o `ao) p]_]`]o atlanp]o aj `ana_dk `ah l] o u mqa aj_]nj] Îah aobqanvk i teik u h] ejpacne`]`Ï* H] fqneop] oqopepqen ] ] Fkdj L]qh Oparajo( _kjoe`an]`k qj nalnaoajp]jpa `ah ]h] he^an]h aj h] _knpa* Ah `e]nek Pda Jas Ukng Peiao _kjoe`an] mqa h] kneajp]_e j e`akh ) ce_] aj h] ?knpa Oqlnai] ]laj]o oe r]ne]n _kj h] jqar] fqav aj nah]_e j _kj h] _kjopah]_e j ]_pq]h* . D


D@C<E@F

cWhj[i '' Z[ CWoe Z[ (&'&

5FOEFODJBT

j[dZ[dY_Wi6c_b[d_e$Yec

P YbWhWXeoW 8;8;:;HEI

Pi_Y$$$ @7?F7B I?D=>%;<;

Kd fWh Z[ cedei X[X[d W]kW Z[ bWi jecWi f‘Xb_YWi [d @Wcck" ?d# Z_W" YWf_jWb Z[ _dl_[hde Z[ bW fWhj[ Z[ 9WY^[c_hW$ BWi j[cf[hWjkhWi [d [b dehj[ Z[ [i[ fW‡i WbYWdpWd bei *+ ]hWZei Y[dj‡]hWZei$

‰"VORVF OP QPEBNPT IBDFS BMHP DPOUSB MPT HFOFT RVF IFSFEBNPT Tp QPEFNPT SFEVDJS FM SJFTHP EF FOGFSNBS NBOUFOJFO EP VO QFTP DPSQPSBM TBOP MJNJUBOEP FM DPOTVNP EF BMDPIPM Z FKFSDJUfOEPOPTŠ 9Wheb_d[ >WYa[h" Z[ bW Kd_l[hi_ZWZ Z[ 9WcXh_Z][" gk[ Yed ejhei

Y_[dj‡ÅYei Z[iYkXh_ÂŒ Y_dYe [hheh[i [d [b ][decW gk[ Wkc[djWd ^WijW ', bWi fheXWX_b_ZWZ[i Z[ Z[iWhhebbWh Y|dY[h Z[ cWcW$

P l[djWdW NJM ZÂŒbWh[i gk[ _dl_hj_ÂŒ ;h_Y CWjkiY^[a" Zk[‹e Z[ kdW j_[dZW Z[ cWh_]kWdW c[Z_Y_dWb gk[ WXh_ÂŒ [d Z_Y_[c# Xh[ o i[h| Y[hhWZW feh bWi Wkjeh_ZWZ[i Z[ Bei ĂŽd][b[i$ I[ YbWkikhWh|d Y[dj[dWh[i Z[ [ijei Z_if[diWh_ei fehgk[ de i[ W`kijWd W kdW dk[lW ehZ[dWdpW$

@kWd FWXbe ?? de [dYkXh‡W W f[Z[hWijWi0 DWlWhhe#LWbbi Gk_[d \k[ fehjWlep Z[b LWj_YWde [d fedj_ÅYWZe Wdj[h_eh d_[]W gk[ i[ Xh_dZWhW YeX_`e W bei YkhWi WYkiWZei Z[ WXkie i[nkWb

FB?DE B;FH?%H;KJ;HI

CWZh_Z3<=<

+

k]mqÂŽj J]r]nnk)R]hho( at rk_ank `a Fq]j L]^hk EE( jac“ mqa aj ah R]pe_]jk ateop] ĂŽrkhqjp]` aj_q^ne) `kn]Ă? ok^na hko _]oko `a ]^qoko oatq]hao ] iajknao lnkp]) ckjev]`ko lkn ieai^nko `ah _hank* ĂŽJe ]jpao( je ]dkn]Ă?( ejoeope“* ĂŽOa d] ]_pq]`k aj qj pai] mqa ao iqu _kilhafkĂ?( na_]h_“ J]r]nnk)R]hho ]h nabanenoa ] ]hck ĂŽp]j ^aope]hĂ? _kik ao h] la`an]o) pe]* Ah at `ena_pkn `a h] kĂš_ej] `a Lnajo] `ah R]pe_]jk( _]nck aj ah mqa aopqrk d]op] hko `ko lneianko ]Â’ko `ah lkjpeĂš_]`k `a >aja`e_pk TRE( na_qnne“ ] h]o aop]`ÂŽope_]o l]n] d]_an dej_]leŠ aj h] cn]ra`]` `ah lnk^hai] u `aop]_“ mqa( oac˜j aopq`eko( ĂŽqjk `a _]`] _ej_k jeÂ’ko ao k^fapk `a ]^qoko oatq]hao*** u 54! `a aoko _]oko oa lnk`q_aj aj ah oajk `a h] b]iehe]( ] _]nck `ah l]`na( ah ]^qahk( qj dani]jkĂ?* = J]r]nnk)R]hho ha hh]i] h] ]paj) _e“j mqa d]u] l]ÂŽoao ĂŽieai^nko `a h] KJQ( u mqa pk`ko naolap]iko( aj `kj`a ao hac]h mqa qj _]^]hhank oa _]oa _kj qj] jeÂ’] `a oeapa q k_dk ]Â’ko* Bnajpa ] aok( ÂźmqŠ `e_a h] kle) je“j l˜^he_];Ă?( oa lnacqjp“* ĂŽÂźIa mqeana ]hcqeaj `a_en qj] okh] ejopepq_e“j lkhÂŽpe_]( _qhpqn]h( ]_]`Šie_]( mqa oa d]u] pki]`k ah pai] _kj h] oanea`]` _kj h] mqa h] pki] h] Echaoe];Ă?( ]Â’]`e“*

&

9Wie CWY_[b" [iYebbe

;iY|dZWbei Yecfb_YWd X[Wj_Ă…YWh W AWheb Me`jobW

;b [n leY[he Z[ bW iWdjW i[Z[ h[YWbYW gk[ \k[ [b FWfW Wdj[h_eh gk_[d ehZ[dÂŒ [b fheY[ie YedjhW CWhY_Wb CWY_[b Aj h] _kjrano]_e“j( o]_“ ah _]ok ĂŽpneopa( `n]iƒpe_k( ajeciƒpe_kĂ? `ah bqj`]`kn `a hko Hacekj]neko `a ?neo) pk( I]n_e]h I]_eah( `a mqeaj oa d] _kjĂšni]`k( `aolqŠo `a iqanpk( mqa hhar“ qj] re`] lk_k _kjbknia ] h]o ajoaÂ’]jv]o `a ?neopk u oq Echaoe]* Ah at lknp]rkv na_kn`“ mqa bqa Šh mqeaj `ek ] _kjk_an ah naoqhp]`k `ah lnk_aok _]j“je_k( kn`aj]`k lkn Fq]j L]^hk EE u mqa _kj_hqu“ lk_k `aolqŠo `a oq iqanpa*

ÎD]op] aoa `Ž]( aj ah oepek aj ej) panjap `a h] _kjcnac]_e“j( oacqŽ] qj] _]np] ]qp“cn]b] `a I]_eah aj h] mqa fqn]^] ]jpa @eko mqa an]j iajpen] pk`]o h]o okola_d]o mqa d]^Ž] ok^na Šh*� @ao`a oq atlaneaj_e] Îlanokj]h u _hŽje_]� �p]i^eŠj ao iŠ`e_k� aj) peaj`a ah _ahe^]pk `ah _hank _kik qj] Îkl_e“j ejopepq_ekj]h( jk qj `kci]�( u ]’]`a mqa Îj]`] peaja mqa ran� _kj hko ]^qoko oatq]hao*

BW ?]b[i_W c[n_YWdW i[ [gk_leYÂŒ Wb fhej[][hbei0 eX_ife 7blWhWZe h k^eolk ]qtehe]n =^ah]n`k =h) r]n]`k ]Ăšni“ mqa h] lkhÂŽpe_] `a aj_q^neieajpk( oehaj_ek a eilqje`]`7 jk `]n _nŠ`epk ] h]o `ajqj_e]o( o“hk hh]i]`ko `a ]paj_e“j aj lner]`k7 lnapaj`an _kiln]n ah

CWdjkle Wb f[Z[hWijW [d bW ehZ[d

CWZh_Z3Efk`d\o

<k[ kd [hheh fh[j[dZ[h YecfhWh [b i_b[dY_e Z[ bWi l‡Yj_cWi" bWc[djW

Cƒn_Ye3<l^\e`X A`d„e\q

7<F

oehaj_ek `a h]o rŽ_pei]o u okiapanh]o ] lnaoekjao loe_kh“ce_]o u ikn]hao( _d]jp]fao u ]iaj]v]o7 ]oŽ _kik ajre]n ] hko ]_qo]`ko ] _ajpnko `a nad]^ehep]_e“j( ] pn]p]ieajpko u ar]hq]_ekjao loe_kpan]lŠqpe_]o k pn]oh]`k `a l]nnkmqe] u _]i^ek `a `e“_aoeo k `a l]Žo( bqankj ia`e`]o

amqerk_]`]o mqa eilhaiajp“ h] fan]nmqŽ] _]p“he_] l]n] lnkpacan ] _qn]o la`an]op]o* =hr]n]`k =h_ƒjp]n]( oa’]h“ mqa aj iq_dko kpnko _]oko oa kbna_eankj a ej_hqok oa l]c]nkj oqi]o `a `ejank atpn]fq`e_e]hao l]n] arep]n mqa ah ao_ƒj`]hk o]hean] ] h] hqv l˜^he_]*

L]n] J]r]nnk)R]hhoĂŽh] ik`anje) `]` d] iape`k aj jqaopn]o _]^av]o dknnkn( lƒje_k( ] h] atlnaoe“j Ă?l]n] oeailnaĂ‘* Pk`] `a_eoe“j l]na_a mqa peaja mqa oan lnkreoekj]h( pajaiko mqa `af]n ]^eanp]o pk`]o h]o lqanp]o lkn oe qj `ÂŽ]Ă?( atlhe_“* Aj aoa _kjpatpk `ah iea`k ]h l]n] oeailna ao `kj`a aopa _]np]cajank `a 30 ]Â’ko `a a`]` oep˜] h] lkhŠie_] ok^na ah _ahe^]pk( mqa _kjoe`an] ĂŽqj `kj( qj ^eajĂ?( oajpaj_e“* .D U na_kjk_e“ mqa k^eolko u oq) laneknao `a _kjcnac]_ekjao raÂŽ]j hko _]oko `a ]^qok _kik qj ]oqjpk iŠ`e_k u `eo_elhej]nek `ah o]_an`kpa( u aop]^]j iƒo lnak_ql]`ko lkn i]jpajan ah pai] aj oa_napk _kj ah k^fapk `a arep]n ah ao_ƒj`]hk u _qe`]n h] ei]caj p]jpk `a h] Echaoe] _kik `a hko o]_an`kpao mqa `a h]o lnkle]o rÂŽ_pei]o* @qn]jpa hko ˜hpeiko .1 ]Â’ko( oq) ^n]u“( oa d] ailnaj`e`k qj] ]__e“j recknko] `ajpnk `a h] Echaoe] l]n] arep]n _q]hmqean ]^qok aj _kjpn] `a hko jeÂ’ko u aj hko ˜hpeiko 1 ]Â’ko d]j `eoiejqe`k jkp]^haiajpa hko _]oko u _kjpej˜]j `ao_aj`eaj`k* .D

ko ao_ƒj`]hko oatq]hao `ah bqj`]`kn `a hko Hacekj]neko `a ?neopk( ah o]_an`kpa I]n_e]h I]_eah( ĂŽpk_]j ah _kn]v“j `ah R]pe) _]jkĂ?( mqa oa `eolqok ] ^a]peĂš_]n _kj qncaj_e] ]h L]l] Fq]j L]^hk EE u ]dkn] oa _qaopekj] aoa lnk_aok* H] fan]nmqÂŽ] r]pe_]j] ĂŽ_]hh“ u lnkpace“ ] hko la`an]op]o d]op] mqa oa rek k^hec]`] ] naj`enoa ]jpa h] are`aj_e]Ă?( na_kn`“ aopa hqjao ah `e]nek Ah L]ÂŽo aj oqo a`epkne]hao* Na_eajpaiajpa( ah L]l] _]heĂš_“ ] I]_eah `a `ahej_qajpa( `a hhar]n ĂŽqj] re`] _]najpa `a ao_n˜lqhko u oajpeieajpk nahecekokĂ?( u ]jkp“ h] `acn]`]_e“j `a hko Hacekj]neko* =dkn] ah ]oqjpk lqa`a ]ba_p]n ah lnk_aok `a ^a]peĂš_]_e“j `a Fq]j L]^hk EE( mqa i]jpqrk ] I]n_e]h I]_eah ]h bnajpa `a h] _kjcnac]_e“j* =Â’]`e“ mqa ej_hqoera qjk `a hko iƒo _an_]jko _kh]^kn]`knao `ah b]hha_e`k lkjpÂŽĂš_a( ah _]n`aj]h =jcahk Ok`]jk( ĂŽoa d] lnacqjp]`k l˜^he_]iajpa h] oai]j] l]o]`] oe ao lanpejajpa i]jpajan h] rÂŽ] `a qncaj_e] `a aoa lnk_aok `a ^a]peĂš_]_e“jĂ?( oq^n]u“ h] lq^he_]_e“j aol]Â’kh]* Oe ^eaj >aja`e_pk TRE l]na_a `eolqaopk ] `aopann]n aopa lnk^hai] `a h]o ejopepq_ekjao _]p“he_]o( oac˜j ah nkp]perk ĂŽhk d]_a _kj qj] hajpepq` mqa lqa`a naoqhp]n at]olan]jpa( aola_e]hiajpa ] h]o rÂŽ_pei]oĂ?* Hko _nÂŽiajao `a I]_eah oa _kjk) _ÂŽ]j `ao`a d]_a iƒo `a -, ]Â’ko( u oecqaj ]Ă›kn]j`k hko ao_ƒj`]hko( _kik ah `a h] _kjcnac]_e“j baiaje) j] lanpaja_eajpa ]h Nacjqi ?dneope( ^n]vk h]e_k `a ao] kn`aj( `kj`a 5,, oach]nao rerÂŽ]j _]oe aj ao_h]repq` ĂŽu oqfap]o ]h rkpk `a oehaj_ek mqa I]_eah eilkjÂŽ]Ă?* .D


D@C<E@F

cWhj[i '' Z[ CWoe Z[ (&'&

$VMUVSB

;Z_jeh0 "SJFM (PO[fMF[ YkbjkhW$Z\6c_b[d_e$Yec

P jec[ dejW

PZ[b_jei c[deh[i$$$

87BB;J Âş97N?JBĂŽDÂť 9;B;8H7HĂŽ 7D?L;HI7H?E

1VCMJDBEB MB /VFWB HSBNfUJDB EF MB MFOHVB FTQBtPMB BIPSB UPDB FM UVSOP B TV WFSTJuO .BOVBM RVF SFTVNF FM UFYUP B VOB DVBSUB QBSUF 4JO FNCBSHP MPT BVUPSFT MBUJOPBNFSJDBOPT DJUBEPT FO TVT FKFNQMPT TPO OVNFSPTPT Z EB HVTUP TBCFS RVF OP GBMUBO NFYJDBOPT DPNP +VBO 3VMGP

;b XWbb[j \ebabÂŒh_Ye Âş9Wn_jb|dÂť" Y[b[XhWh| [b (- Wd_l[hiWh_e Z[ ik \kdZWY_ÂŒd" [b fhÂŒn_ce Zec_d]e ', Z[ cWoe" W bWi '/0)& ^ehWi" [d [b WkZ_jeh_e Âş;b‡Wi PWcehW L[hZkpYeÂť Z[b ckd_Y_f_e Z[ 9kWk^jƒceY" ZedZ[ ceijhWh| ik dk[le h[f[hjeh_e gk[ Yecfh[dZ[ [ijWcfWi Z[ @Wb_iYe o I_dWbeW$ ;djhWZW ]hWjk_jW$ 9WX[ h[YehZWh gk[ Âş9Wn_jb|dÂť Ykcfb_ÂŒ ik (- Wd_l[hiWh_e [b '( Z[ Z_Y_[cXh[ Z[ (&&/" f[he W^ehW be \[ij[`Wh| fWhW ZWh W YedeY[h ik dk[le fhe]hWcW

P `Wdi

BW Yeb[YY_Œd Z[ Whj[ fefkbWh Yed\ehcWZW feh [b cW]dWj[ ZkhWdj[ c|i Z[ YkWjhe ZƒYWZWi feZh| i[h Wfh[Y_WZW [d kd b_Xhe [Z_jWZe feh 7hj[i Z[ Cƒn_Ye" [d [b YkWb i[ ZW Yk[djW Z[ bW h_gk[pW o bW _cfehjWdY_W Z[ bWi Yh[WY_ed[i dWY_edWb[i

Bei j[iehei c[n_YWdei

9EHJ;IĂ‘70 7HJ;I :; CxN?9E

Z[ HeYa[\[bb[h"

[d kd b_Xhe Cƒn_Ye 3 CXliX :fik„j

&

j -5// hko jack_eko lapnkhanko pn]fankj ]h i]cj]pa Jahokj Nk_gabahhan lkn lne) ian] rav ] IŠte_k( lank bqankj h]o _na]_ekjao `a hko ]npao]jko `a aopa l]ÂŽo h]o mqa hk de_eankj rkhran( ] hk h]nck `a _q]) najp] u _ej_k ]Â’ko( aj ej_kjp]^hao k_]oekjao* @ao`a oq lneian] reoep]( mqeaj bqa _q]pnk ra_ao ck^anj]`kn `a Jqar] Ukng u `ko re_alnaoe`ajpa `a Aop]`ko Qje`ko( ]lna_e“ ĂŽ]hck lk`ankok( ei]cej]perk u ^ahhkĂ? aj hko k^fapko mqa ] oq l]ok ha iko) pn]^]j hko _na]`knao iate_]jko6 p]hh]o `a i]`an]( _anƒie_]( iƒo) _]n]o( o]n]lao u pafe`ko* @qn]jpa oqo bna_qajpao na_knne`ko lkn lqa^hko u _eq`]`ao iate_]j]o hkcn“ naqjen ]hna`a`kn `a pnao ieh leav]o mqa ]dkn] _kjbkni]j qj] `a h]o _kha__ekjao iƒo eilknp]jpao `a ]npa lklqh]n iate_]jk aj ah atpn]jfank* ĂŽBqa qj] l]oe“j mqa _kjoanr“ pk`] h] re`]* h _nau“ aj h] ^ahhav] u aj h] bqanv] aopŠpe_] `a ao]o lea) v]o( aj oq r]hkn lan`qn]^ha u aj h] lane_e] `a oqo _na]`knaoĂ?( ao_ne^a =jj Nk_gabahhan Nk^anpo( def] `ah lkhÂŽpe_k jknpa]iane_]jk u dana`an] `a aopa ]_anrk( aj ah he^nk Paoknko `ah ]npa lklqh]n iate_]jk* ?kha_) _e“j Jahokj =* Nk_gabahhan( a`ep]`k lkn =npao `a IŠte_k( ah _q]h oanƒ dku lnaoajp]`k aj ah Iqoak Bn]jv I]uan* Aop] k^n] a`epkne]h h] ailav“ ] ao_ne^en ah ieoik Jahokj Nk_ga) bahhan( aj k_pq^na `a -534( _q]j) `k rkh]^] nqi^k ] K]t]_] l]n] lnaoaj_e]n h] _aha^n]_e“j `a @ÂŽ] `a Iqanpko( Šopa oanÂŽ] ah ˜hpeik re]fa ] IŠte_k `ah aop]`eop]( mqeaj

P YbWl[i BW eXhW [Z_jeh_Wb 9;b lebkc[d Yk[djW Yed j[njei Z[ D[bied o 7dd HeYa[\[bb[h" Wi‡ Yece Z[ bei [if[Y_Wb_ijWi CWh_ed E[jj_d][h o 7led D[Wb$ BWi \eje]hW# \‡Wi ied Z[ B[[ 8ebj_d$

9C|i Z[ ')& f_[pWi _bkijhWd [ijWi f|]_dWi0 kdW c|iYWhW Z[ Y[djkh_Œd Z[b ;ijWZe Z[ Cƒn_Ye" kd h[Xepe Yed ^_bei Z[ ehe o kd [b[]Wdj[ ]kW`[ [d \ehcW Z[ ]WhpW$

9BW cWoeh‡W Z[ f_[pWi Z[b WY[hle fhel_[d[ Z[b ;ijWZe Z[ Cƒn_Ye" EWnWYW o C_Y^eWY|d1 Z[ 9^_WfWi o JWXWiYe [i bW c_deh‡W$

iqne“ pnao iaoao `aolqŠo* Paoknko `ah ]npa lklqh]n iate) _]jk ao ah he^nk mqa Nk_gabahhan mqanŽ] lq^he_]n ok^na oq eilnaoek) j]jpa _kha__e“j( `e_a aj ajpnareop] _kj IEHAJEK I]nekj Kappejcan Fn* _qn]`kn `a ]npa h]pejk]iane_]jk u `ena_pkn `ah Iqoak `a =npa `a O]j =jpkjek( mqa ]h^anc] h] i]ukn l]npa `ah ]_anrk6 . ieh 1,, leav]o mqa =jj Nk_gabahhan `kj“ ]h na) _ejpk l]n] arep]n mqa h] _kha__e“j oa bn]ciajp]n]* Kappejcan( p]i^eŠj ]qpkn `ah patpk lnej_el]h `a aopa rkhqiaj( `ao_ne^a ]h aop]`eop] jknpa]iane) _]jk( mqeaj pn]^“ qj] ajpn]’]^ha ]ieop]` _kj ]npeop]o iate_]jko _kik @eack Neran]( Bne`] G]dhk( Nk^anpk Ikjpajacnk( Iecqah u Nko] ?kr]nnq^e]o( ajpna kpnko( _kik qj Îaj]ikn]`k� `a h]o _na]_ekjao iate_]j]o� u ark_] oqo h]nc]o reoep]o ] hko ]npao]jko ]oŽ _kik oqo na_knne`ko lkn ian_]`ko u lh]v]o l]n] d]_an _kiln]o*

ĂŽAh rerÂŽ] _kj aoko k^fapko mqa _kiln]^]( lknmqa an] h] bkni] aj h] _q]h( u] `a nacnaok aj Jqar] Ukng k aj S]odejcpkj( lk`ÂŽ] oacqen `eobnqp]j`k `a h] _]he`av( ah _khkn u h] atdq^an]j_e] mqa ha ^nej`]^] IŠte_kĂ?( `ao_ne^a ah _qn]`kn* =qjmqa h] _kha__e“j ej_hqua leav]o `a pk`k ah l]ÂŽo( bqankj ah Aop]`k `a IŠte_k( K]t]_] u Ie) _dk]_ƒj h]o ajpe`]`ao lnabane`]o lkn Nk_gabahhan7 aj _]i^ek `a hko aop]`ko oqnaÂ’ko d]u lk_]o leav]o6 ?de]l]o( P]^]o_k lkn oan hqc]nao iajko ]__aoe^hao aj ao] Šlk_]*

HeYa[\[bb[h [d Y^WhbW Yed J[eZehW 8bWdYe$ IWdjW CWh‡W 7jpecfW" eYjkXh[ '/-.$

?cfkbie Wb Whj[ fefkbWh @qn]jpa r]ne]o `Š_]`]o h] b]iehe] Nk_gabahhan pqrk cn]j ejĂ›qaj_e] aj h] re`] _qhpqn]h `a oq l]ÂŽo( `a ]dÂŽ h] eilknp]j_e] `a Jahokj Nk) _gabahhan _kik qjk `a hko lneia) nko _kha__ekjeop]o `a ]npa lklqh]n iate_]jk6 ĂŽ_kik lk_ko( Šh hq_d“ l]n] mqa iqoako u _kha__ekjeop]o r]hkn]n]j ao]o atlnaoekjao( mqanÂŽ] ranh]o nalnaoajp]o aj Aop]`ko Qje) `ko( lank aj aoa ikiajpk jk pqrk a_k( bqa d]op] peailk `aolqŠo mqa hko cn]j`ao iqoako ailav]nkj ] na_kjk_an h] eilknp]j_e] `a aopa ]npaĂ?( na_kjk_a Kappejcan* ĂŽAj _]oe pk`k ah iqj`k( ah ]npa lklqh]n d] oe`k ecjkn]`k k lk_k r]hkn]`k* P]h rav lknmqa jk ao ]hck p]j _kopkok je peaja h] Ăšni] `a hko ]npeop]o b]ikoko( lank aj pk`]o h]o Šlk_]o ĂŒĂŒu qj _h]nk afailhk `a ahhk ao IŠte_kĂŒĂŒ hko cn]j`ao ]npeop]o d]j aop]`k ejĂ›qaj_e]`ko lkn ah ]npa lklqh]nĂ?( ]Â’]`a ah `ena_pkn `ah Iqoak `a O]j =jpkjek* H] _kha__e“j Nk_gabahhan ao qj naceopnk deop“ne_k u cakcnÂƒĂš_k `ah ]npa iate_]jk( lank p]i^eŠj ao qj] lnqa^] `ah lnkbqj`k _kilnkieok `a oq _na]`kn _kj ah ]npa lklqh]n( Ăšj]hev] Kappejcan* .D

C|iYWhW Z[ d[]h_je$ PedW Z[ DW^kWjp[d" C_Y^eWY|d '/)& J[iehei Z[b Whj[ fefkbWh c[n_YWde$ 9eb[YY_Œd D[bied 7$ HeYa[\[bb[h 7hj[i Z[ Cƒn_Ye" (&'& " i[h| fh[i[djWZe ^eo Yed bW fWhj_Y_fWY_Œd Z[ 7dd HeYa[\[bb[h" CWh_ed E[jj_d][h" @h$" >ƒYjeh H_l[he 8eh[bb o 7bX[hje Hko I|dY^[p" [djh[ ejhei$ Cki[e <hWdp CWo[h" >_ZWb]e *+" 9[djhe >_ijŒh_Ye" '/0)& ^ehWi


D@C<E@F

cWhj[i '' Z[ CWoe Z[ (&'&

:[b '' Wb '+ Z[ cWoe" Yed fh[i[djWY_ed[i [d [b >_ZWb]e

9ed Wfeoe ^WijW +& c_b

=k_jWhhecWd WYei" ^eo Yec_[dpW \[ij_lWb

I_]k[ WX_[hjW bW _dl_jWY_ d fWhW X[YWi Z[b FWYcoY 7H9>?LE

E\h[Y[d bW

9eb_cW3D`c\e`f

fei_X_b_ZWZ Z[ YedeY[h dk[lWi j[dZ[dY_Wi cki_YWb[i

$

PehWd :ka_Y" kde

Z[ bei c[`eh[i ]k_jWhh_ijWi [d ;khefW" _dWk]khWh| [b \[ij_lWb 9eb_cW3@mfee\ 9XiXaXj

4

eikja E]j]nahhe _]nc] ] _qao) p]o _kj h] k^hec]_e j Ìu ]h ieoik peailk ah lh]_anÍ`a knc]jev]n ah Baoper]h Ejpanj]_ek) j]h Cqep]nnki]j ]6 _kjrk_] ] hko i oe_ko i o lnaopece]`ko u hko pn]a( oej eilknp]n _q jp]o dkn]o pajc]j mqa l]o]n ] ^kn`k `a qj pnaj( ]re j k _q]hmqean kpnk rad _qhk( ] aop] peann] _]heajpa* Dku ]nn]j_] aopa baoper]h _kj ah _kj_eanpk mqa kbna_an ah _nk]p] Vkn]j @qge_( h] _ep] ao aj ah Pa]pnk De`]hck aj lqjpk `a h]o .,6,, dkn]o* Ajpn]`]6 -,, laoko* Cqep]nnki]j ] oa _aha^n]n `ah -- ]h -1 `a i]uk( _kj ]lkuk `a h] Qjeranoe`]` `a ?khei]6 aj aoa h]lok `a peailk aianca) n j `a h]o _qan`]o `a h] cqep]nn] _kilkoe_ekjao _h oe_]o u Ìi o mqa j]`]Í_kjpailkn ja]o* Ah baoper]h kbna_a h] lkoe^ehe`]` `a _kjk_an jqar]o paj`aj_e]o iqoe)

;b J[Wjhe >_ZWb]e lebl[h| W i[h j[ij_]e Z[ cW]_ijhWb[i _dj[hfh[jWY_ed[i [`[YkjWZWi feh bei ]hWdZ[i _]hao7 ah ieoik Oeikja E]j]nahhe( lnkbaokn `ah Ejopepqpk Qjeranoep]nek `a >ahh]o =npao $EQ>=%( d] k^oa) mqe]`k oqo _kilkoe_ekjao l]n] mqa h]o afa_qpaj aj ah i]n_k `a aopa baoper]h* Vkn]j @qge_( mqeaj ej]qcqn]n ah baoper]h( ao _kjoe`an]`k qjk `a hko cqep]nneop]o i o `aop]_]`ko `a Aqnkl] u ah iqj`k( cn]_e]o ] oq cn]j _]he`]` ejpanlnap]per]7 na]hev oqo aopq`eko aj h] ]_]`aie] `a ]npao `a oq _eq`]` j]p]h( l]n] i o

p]n`a aola_e]hev]noa aj =hai]je]* F*O* >]_d ao qj leh]n bqj`]iajp]h l]n] oq h ja] iah `e_]* = l]npen `a -55, u d]op] -553( ah cqep]nneop] _nk]p] aop]^ha_e qj n _kn` `eb _eh `a oqlan]n6 k^pqrk i o lnaieko aj _anp iajao `a h] aola_e]he`]` mqa jejc j kpnk i oe_k d]op] h] ba_d]* Cqep]nnki]j ] jk o hk kbna_a h] l]o]nah] `a cqep]nneop]o `aop]_]`ko ] jerah iqj`e]h( p]i^e j oa _aha) ^n]n qj _kj_qnok `a ejp nlnapao u

7fWh[Y[ 9_kZWZ[i i_j_WZWi

@e^WddW BepeoW0 ^Wo gk[ h[Yedijhk_h bW ^_ijeh_W Z[ C n_Ye C n_Ye 3 A\j j 8c\af

&

h p pqhk `a ?eq`]`ao oepe]) `]o $Pqomqapo( .,-,% ao qj] iap bkn] lnklqaop] lkn h] deopkne]`kn] _qhpqn]h Fkd]jj] Hkvku] $Iko_ ( -521% l]n] nabanenoa ] qj] i]jan] `a ran ]h iqj`k( ] h] cajpa( ] hko aol]_eko( ] h] re`] _kpe`e]j]6 qj lajo]ieajpk oepe]`k lkn ah bn]_]ok( lkn h] `annkp]( lkn h] ja_aoe`]` `a oan r _pei]o* ÎDaiko paje`k qj] ien]`] _qhpqn]h `a r _pei]o( aj `kj`a ]oqienh] jk d] oe`k qj] oepq]) _e j lnkrajeajpa `a h] na]he`]`( oejk ao qj] ejraj_e j( lknmqa ao qj] e`ajpe`]` u _kik p]h ao qj] _kjopnq__e j _qhpqn]h*Ï Aj ah he^nk( h] _]pa`n pe_] `a h] B]_qhp]` `a =nmqepa_pqn] `a h] QJ=I ]`reanpa mqa H]pejk]i ne_]( oeaj`k I te_k ^]op]jpa l]n]`eci pe_k( oa d] _kjopnqe`k qj] e`ajpe`]` `kj`a _kjop]jpaiajpa oa d]^h] `ah Îok)

DVMUVSB

ikoÏ( Îdaiko oe`kÏ( lank jqj_] d]^h] `ah Îjko daiko ejrajp]`kÏ dann]ieajp]o u ]ni]o mqa jko d]j oanre`k( p]jpk ]h ej`ere`qk _kik ] h] _kiqje`]`( l]n] ok^nareren6 Îah oan iate_]jk jk aop ]d ( ah oan lnk`q_pk `a qj] oanea `a bn]) _]oko jk aop ]d ( ao qj] oaha__e j `a lkoe^ehe`]`ao mqa _kjopnquaj qj] e`ajpe`]`Ï* D]u r]neko ]_kjpa_eieajpko deop ne_ko mqa ]lqjp]h]j h] _kjo) pnq__e j `a h] r _pei]( ajpna ahhko pk`] h] reoe j mqa oa d]_a ] l]npen `ah eil]_pk _qhpqn]h `a h] _kjmqeop]( lank bqj`]iajp]hiajpa oa `] ] pn]r o `a hko ]ncqiajpko _qhpqn]hao u `a h] pakn ] `a h] `alaj`aj_e]( ]Úni] Hkvku]* ÎH] e`a] ao hh]i]n ] h] naÛate j( ] h] ]qpknnaÛate j u ] mqa h] _kha_) pere`]` ]oqi] oq naolkjo]^ehe`]` aj hko lnk_aoko deop ne_ko* Jk pk`k reaja `ah lk`an je `a i]hao ]^opn]_pko mqa ]oa`e]j ] H]pejk]i ne_]6 d]u

qj] naolkjo]^ehe`]` `ah iqj`k h]) pejk]iane_]jk aj oq lnklek `arajen deop ne_k( lknmqa dq^k ]_kjpa_eieaj) pko( _kik bqa qj] _kjmqeop]( lank aok jk ja_ao]ne]iajpa eilhe_]^] `ao]nnkhh]n qj] ]_pepq` re_peieop] u aj aok d]u qj l]lah bqj`]iajp]h `a h] _kha_pere`]`*Ï

:[ bW ceZ[hd_ZWZ Wb \hWYWie Fkd]jj] Hkvku] oa lnacqjp] _ ik ah bn]_]ok( h] `annkp]( h] _kjmqeop]( eil]_pko deop ne_ko mqa lqa`aj oq_a`an aj _q]hmqean hqc]n `ah iqj`k( cajan]nkj aj jqaopnk _kjpatpk _qhpqn]h qj] ien]`] `a r _pei]( _q]j`k lq`eankj d]^an `ao]nnkhh]`k _q]hmqean kpn]( Îaop ah _]ok ]hai j( mqa pqrk `ko cn]j`ao `annkp]o u( oej ai^]nck( `q`k mqa d]u] qj] lan_al_e j j]_ekj]heop] `a r _pei]Ï* H] naolqaop] ^qo_] kbna_anh] aj i o `a -3, l cej]o( _kjraj_e`] `a mqa hk mqa jko d]_a ranjko u _kjopnqenjko

oa kbna_aj _h]oao i]ceopn]hao l]n] hko aopq`e]jpao `a h] he_aj_e]pqn] `ah EQ>=* Cqep]nnki]j ] lnapaj`a( ]`ai o( oajoe^ehev]n ] h] lk^h]_e j l]n] mqa oa] i o na_alper] _kj h]o _kilkoe_ekjao _kjpailkn ja]o `a cqep]nn] u mqa oa laniep] ah `eobnqpa `a aop]o k^n]o iqoe_]hao* Hko ejpanao]`ko aj ]_q`en ] Cqep]nnki]j ] lqa`aj _kiq) je_]noa ] h] @ena__e j `a @ebq) oe j ?qhpqn]h `a h] Qjeranoe`]` `a ?khei]6 /-2 -- 33* .D

] jkokpnko ieoiko _kik r _pei]o( oa `ek ia`e]jpa h] _kjopepq_e j `a h]o deopkne]o j]_ekj]hao* ÎAo qj lnk^hai] a`q_]perk( lknmqa d] d]^e`k qj] deopknekcn]b ] mqa d] oaha__ekj]`k qj pelk `a deopkne] mqa ]ncqiajp] aoa pelk `a e`ajpe`]`* Lkn ahhk( ah lqjpk bqj`]iajp]h l]n] qj] na_kjopnq__e j e`ajpep]ne] aop aj h] deopknekcn]b ]6 d]_an qj] nareoe j `a h] deopkne] u na_kjopnqenh]*Ï ?eq`]`ao oepe]`]o ]lqaop] lkn ao] nareoe j deop ne_] ] pn]r o `a h] ]nmqepa_pqn]( lank i o _kik qj iqj`k `a lajo]ieajpk6 ah qje) ranok iajp]h `ah mqa h] _kjopnqua u `ah mqa h] d]^ep]( atlhe_] Hkvku]( ieai^nk `ah Oeopai] J]_ekj]h `a Ejraopec]`knao* ÎL]n] h] ]nmqepa_pqn] `a lnej_eleko `a oechk TT( lkn afailhk( h] ik`anje) `]` an] ejpn joa_] ] h] _qhpqn] iate) _]j]( bkni]^] l]npa `ah _kj_eanpk aqnklak* = Új]hao `a hko /,( hec]`k _kj ah _]n`ajeoik( oa lean`a aok( oa d]_a qj] ^na_d] aj h] mqa I te_k `af] `a oan l]npa `ah _kj_eanpk u oa rqahra ah kpnk( h] ik`anje`]` oa rqahra atpn]r]c]j_e]*Ï =laj]o qj afailhk `a oq ejpan o aj d]_an qj] nareoe j `a h] deopkne] `a I te_k( ^]o]`] jk p]jpk aj h] e`akhkc ]( oejk aj hko `k_qiajpko u bqajpao deop ne_]o* .D

kj qj ikjpk `a ]lkuk `a d]op] `a 1, ieh laoko lkn lnkua_pk( _kjpej ] ]^eanp] h] _kjrk_]pkne] `ah Lnkcn]i] `a =lkuk ] h]o ?qhpqn]o Iqje_el]) hao u ?kiqjep]ne]o( L=?Iu?( mqa aj aop] aieoe j .,-, ]lku]n ] hko lnkua_pko kneajp]`ko ] bkn) p]ha_an lnk_aoko _qhpqn]hao aj h] ajpe`]`* @e_d] _kjrk_]pkne]( knc]jev]`] lkn ah Ck^eanjk `ah Aop]`k ] pn]) r o `a oq Oa_nap]n ] `a ?qhpqn]( ah ?kjoafk J]_ekj]h l]n] h] ?qhpqn] u h]o =npao lkn ia`ek `a h] @ena__e j Cajan]h `a ?qhpqn]o Lklqh]nao7 ejrep] ] l]npe_el]n ] hko lknp]`knao `a _qhpqn] lklqh]n( mqa `a bkni] _kha_per] aop j ejpanao]`ko aj `ao]nnkhh]n qj lnkua_pk _qhpqn]h mqa eilqhoa ah bknp]ha_eieajpk `a e`ajpe`]`ao _kiqjep]ne]o aj hko aol]_eko cakcn Ú_ko u oei^ he_ko( `kj`a oa `ao]nnkhha( _kj ah Új `a na_e^en qj ]lkuk a_kj ie_k l]n] oq na]hev]_e j* Lkn p]jpk( oa ]lku]n hko lnk) ua_pko mqa oa lnaoajpaj aj qjk `a hko oecqeajpao _]ilko `a h] _qh) pqn] lklqh]n6 aol]_eko _qhpqn]hao u nepq]hao( e`eki] u pn]`e_ekjao kn]hao( ]npao `a h] nalnaoajp]_e j* =oeieoik( aj hko pai]o _kik okj6 ln _pe_]o ok_e]hao( nepq]hao u ]_pko baoperko7 nalnaoajp]_ekjao( _kjk) _eieajpko u qoko nah]_ekj]`ko _kj h] j]pqn]hav] u ah qjeranok7 ]npao u kÚ_eko( ]o _kik `a kpnko pai]o `a _qhpqn] lklqh]n mqa jk aop j oa ]h]`ko aj h] heop] ]jpanekn( lank mqa oa]j na_kjk_e`ko lkn hko ieai^nko `a h] _kiqje`]` _kik qj r]hkn _qhpqn]h lnklek u mqa `a^a oan ]paj`e`k* @a aop] i]jan]( hko ]olen]jpao ] h] ^a_] `a^an j ]oecj]n qj nao) lkjo]^ha ] mqeaj oa ajpnac]n ah ikjpk a_kj ie_k u `a^a ]jat]n aj hko `k_qiajpko _kle] `a oq _na`aj_e]h `a aha_pkn u h] ?h]ra îje_] `a Naceopnk `a Lk^h]_e j* =oeieoik( _]`] lnkua_pk `a^a _kjp]n _kj qj ]r]h mqa `a^an oan qj] ]qpkne`]` _qhpqn]h( iqje_el]h( `ahac]_ekj]h( a`q_]per] k na_kjk) _e`] lkn h] _kiqje`]`* Qj] rav na_e^e`k ah ]lkuk( ah naolkjo]^ha `a^an Úni]n qj] _]np] _kilnk) ieok aj `kj`a ]_alp] ]`iejeopn]n ]`a_q]`]iajpa ah ikjpk pkp]h `ah ]lkuk* H]o lanokj]o ejpanao]`]o aj l]npe_el]n aj aop] _kjrk_]) pkne] .,-,( `a^an j lnaoajp]n oq lnkua_pk eilnaok k aj hapn] `a ikh`a hace^ha( aj knecej]h u _kj 1 fqacko `a _kle]o* H] ba_d] h iepa `a na_al_e j oan ah /, `a fqhek( d]op] h]o -16,, dkn]o( aj h] ?kkn`ej]_e j `a h] Qje) `]` `a ?qhpqn]o Lklqh]nao `a h] Oa_nap]n ] `a ?qhpqn]( q^e_]`] aj ?]hv]`] C]hr j u Af n_epk J]_ekj]h O+J ]h pah bkjk /-) /),2),4 atpajoe j -02* .D


cWhj[i '' Z[ CWoe Z[ (&'&

QBTBUJFNQPT

[b j_[cfe Yehh[e6c_b[d_eYeb_cW$Yec$cn

YhkY_]hWcW

ikZeak

1

2

3

4

5

6

11

12

14

7

10

16

19

21

9

13

15

18

8

17

20

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

?dijhkYY_ed[i0 Bb[dW YWZW ikX#YkWZh YkbW Z[ )n) Yed bei d c[hei Z[b ' Wb / W fWhj_h Z[ bei gk[ oW [ij|d i[ WbWZei [d YWZW Y[bZW" f[he de h[f_jWi d_d] d d c[he [d kdW c_icW \_bW" YebkcdW e ikXYkWZh YkbW$

31

32

36

38

40

41

>EH?PEDJ7B;I0 '$ F_djeh _jWb_Wde" Z_iY fkbe Z[ F[hk]_de" Wkjeh Z[ Bei Z[ifeieh_ei Z[ bW L_h][d$ ,$ @[Wd 7k]kij[ :ec_d_gk[ " f_djeh YbWi_Y_ijW \hWdY i" Wkjeh Z[ BW ]hWd eZWb_iYW$ ''$ <hWi[ gk[ i[ fed[ [d kd [cXb[cW$ ')$ HWifWh

35 39

42

44

46

FbWd[j IodZ_YWj_ed

IebkY_ d Z[b Wdj[h_eh

34

37

43

J[b \edei Z[ _dj[h i

33

45 47

kdW ikf[hÅY_[ ZkhW Yed kd _dijhkc[dje YehjWdj[$ '*$ =kWZWbkf[ " fe[j_iW c[n_YWdW" WkjehW Z[ JeZei bei i_]bei Z[b ckdZe$ '+$ 9Wdj d ik_pe$ ',$ 7cWhhWh" WjWh$ '.$ FbWdei" b_iei" i_d [ijehXei$ (&$ CWc \[he YWhd lehe Z[

bei fheY_ d_Zei" l_l[ [d 7c h_YW YkY_ d Z[ kdW YeiW" e bW b_X[hjWZ Z[b Ikh$ ('$ ;n_ij[$ (($ >Wdi " f_djeh Z[ WYY_ d Z[ Wb]k_[d$ '*$ Ikf[hÅY_[$ Wb[c|d" h[fh[i[djWdj[ Z[b ] j_Ye '-$ 9ecfei_Y_ d fe j_YW$ '/$ F_[pW jWhZ e" Wkjeh Z[ ;iY[dWi Z[ bW l_ZW ikXj[hh|d[W [djh[ bei Y_c_[djei Z[ bW L_h][d$ ()$ I bWXW iW]hWZW Z[ kdW YWiW e [Z_ÅY_e fbkhWb $ (&$ [d bW c ij_YW ^_dZ $ (,$ ;Z]Wh " ;Y^W bei Y_c_[djei Z[ kdW [Z_ÅYW# f_djeh o [iYkbjeh \hWdY i" fh n_ce Y_ d$ (*$ ;dj[$ (+$ 7hXkije fWf_b_e# W bei _cfh[i_ed_ijWi$ (-$ <[hdWdZ " d|Y[e fWh[Y_Ze W bW WYWY_W$ (.$ ?? f_djeh \hWdY i" _d_Y_Wbc[dj[ _cfh[# >WWaediied " h[o Z[ :_dWcWhYW i_ed_ijW" bk[]e Z[ [ij_be c[Y|d_Ye [d [b i_]be N?L$ (/$ ;b :_WXbe$ )&$ o Z[if[hiedWb_pWZe" Wkjeh Z[ ;b H[cebYW kdW [cXWhYWY_ d$ )($ h[o Z[ dW_f[i$ )'$ DejW cki_YWb$ Ehj_p " [n Z_h_][dj[ dWY_edWb Z[b ))$ M_bb_Wc " f_djeh o ]hWXWZeh FH?$ ))$ F_[j[h Z[ " f_djeh ^ebWd# _d]b i" Wkjeh Z[ BW l[dZ[ZehW Z i" Z_iY fkbe Z[ L[hc[[h" Wkjeh Z[ ]WcXWi$ )+$ 7Xh[l_WjkhWi Z[ Z[ Bei `k]WZeh[i Z[ YWhjWi$ )*$ c[jhe o Z[ j[hW$ ),$ FehY_ d Z[ :W Wh fheZkY_[dZe kdW Yedjk# YkhlW fbkhWb $ ).$ H[bWj_le Wb W_h[$ i_ d$ )+$ 7dj d HWf^W[b " f_djeh *&$ Jehh[ WbjW [d bWi YeijWi Yed kdW d[eYb|i_Ye Wb[c|d" Wkjeh Z[ \h[i# bkp _dj[h_eh gk[ i_hl[ Z[ i[ Wb W Yei Z[b fWbWY_e h[Wb Z[ CWZh_Z$ bei dWl[]Wdj[i$ *'$ M_\h_Ze " f_djeh )-$ KdW Zhe]W i_dj j_YW$ )/$ FeYe ikhh[Wb_ijW YkXWde$ *($ 8WjhWY_e$ Yec d$ **$ 7Xh[l_WjkhWi Z[ [ij[ o *)$ Bb[]W Wb ckdZe$ *+$ 9ebeh gk[ Z[ |d]ijhec$ *+$ Lep kiWZW fWhW h[ikbjW Z[ bW c[pYbW Z[ XbWdYe Z[j[d[h W bWi YWXWbb[h Wi$ o d[]he _dl[hj_Ze $ *,$ 9ec_ZW <[hdWdZe 9edjh[hWi [bWXehWZW Yed ^Wh_dW" iWb" b[Y^[" YWd[bW o ejhei _d]h[Z_[dj[i IEBK9?ÕD 7B 7DJ;H?EH fbkhWb $ *-$ Gk[ j_[d[ fehei$ G E I S H A P A G O D A L;HJ?97B;I0 ($ ;d lWh_Wi h[b_]_e# O N O E L A R O S N d[i" fh_dY_f_e [if_h_jkWb Z[b i[h T O L Z E N L C C ^kcWde Ykoe Wjh_Xkje fh_dY_# E S A P A N A L L A O fWb [i bW YedY_[dY_W fbkhWb $ )$ R A C R T L A R R Gk[ YWh[Y[d Z[ X[bb[pW$ *$ Øj_b O N D E A E O S T I A fWhW ZWh \ehcW W kdW YeiW I N D O N E S I A _dl[hj_Ze $ +$ ?dj[h`[YY_ d Z[ A L I A S A O R L A D [ij ckbe$ -$ I cXebei Z[b d_jh # N O R O D A A D R ][de o h[i_ij[dY_W [b Yjh_YW$ .$ T A O A C O S A M A O C[Z_ZW Z[ YWfWY_ZWZ _d]b[iW$ E R Z A S I A N G /$ 9[b[XhWXW Yed bW h_iW$ '&$ N L A O S L A M A A CkiW Z[ bW fe[i W [b[] WYW$ '($ 7gk[bbe gk[ _cf_Z[ bW [`[# A V E R N O O V A L A R

8ecX[hei 9eb_cW )'(#+.+. 8ecX[hei L_bbW Z[ ÎblWh[p )''#,&,, 9hkp He`W 9eb_cW )')#.-.- 9hkp He`W J[Yec|d )(*#'&&' 9hkp He`W 7hc[h W )((#&-'& 9hkp He`W CWdpWd_bbe )),#+--& Fhej[YY_ d 9_l_b 9eb_cW )')#&)'' Fhej[YY_ d 9_l_b J[Yec|d )(*#&('+ Fhej[YY_ d 9_l_b C_dWj_jb|d )),#&&/' Fhej[YY_ d 9_l_b 9kWk^j[ceY )(.#&.&/ Fhej[YY_ d 9_l_b CWdpWd_bbe )),#-)&& F<F 9eb_cW )(.#&-(+ F<F J[Yec|d )(*#+&+& F<F CWdpWd_bbe )),# +,-- Feb_Y_W ;ijWjWb Fh[l[dj_lW )'(#(&/& 7d][b[i L[hZ[i 9eb_cW )),#,,&& Jh|di_je o L_Wb_ZWZ 9eb_cW )'*#/('( Jh|di_je o L_Wb_ZWZ 9egk_cWjb|d )()#&''' Jh|di_je o L_Wb_ZWZ CWdpWd_bbe )((#'/*, Jh|di_je o L_Wb_ZWZ L_bbW Z[ ÎblWh[p )',#))', Jh|di_je o L_Wb_ZWZ 7hc[h W )((#&'/'


Y_d[ <

cWhj[i '' Z[ CWoe Z[ (&'&

Y _ d [

()

9edj_d W [d YWhj[b[hW 9edj_d W [d YWhj[b[hW IjWhZkij0 [b c_ij[h_e <kh_W Z[ J_jWd[i ;ijW ikf[hfheZkYY_ d [i bW WZWfjWY_ d Z[b c_je Z[ Z[ bW [ijh[bbW F[hi[e IWc Mehj^_d]jed " ^_`e Z[ kd Z_ei" f[he gk[ ^W

;ijW ^_ijeh_W Yec_[dpW [d kdW f[# Yh[Y_Ze Yece kd ^ecXh[$ :[X[ Z[ iWblWh W ik \Wc_b_W Z[ >WZ[i HWbf^ <_[dd[i " [b Z_ei Z[b _d\hWckdZe$ I_d dWZW gk[ W Y_kZWZ Z[ ?d]bWj[hhW o gk[ gk[ f[hZ[h" F[hi[e [cfh[dZ[ kdW f[b_]heiW c_i_ d j[hc_dW [d bk]Wh[i gk[ [n_ij[d fWhW Z[hhejWhbe" Wdj[i Z[ gk[ >WZ[i b[ gk_j[ feZ[h W P[ki B_Wc D[[ied o Z[iWj[ [b _d\_[hde [d bW J_[hhW$ i be [d [b h[_de Z[ bW _cW]_dWY_ d$

[d 9eb_cW

9ec[djWh_ei o ik][h[dY_Wi Yehh[e6c_b[d_eYeb_cW$Yec$cn ;d YWhj[b[hW 799?ÕD B[]_ d Z[ Îd][b[i 8'+

9kWdZe :_ei f_[hZ[ bW <[ [d bW ^kcWd_ZWZ" cWdZW kdW b[]_ d Z[ |d][b[i fWhW jhW[h [b 7feYWb_fi_i$ BW d_YW [if[hWdpW Z[ bW >kcWd_ZWZ gk[ZW [d kd d_ e gk[ [ij| feh dWY[h" YkoW cWZh[ Z[X[ i[h Yk_ZWZW feh [b WhY|d][b C_]k[b FWkb 8[jjWdo " gk_[d Yed bW _Z[dj_ZWZ Z[ feb_Y W WokZW W kd ]hkfe Z[ fk[Xb[h_dei YecWdZWZei feh 8eX >Wdied :[dd_i GkW_Z " [d [ij[ \_bc[ Z[ WYY_ d Z_h_]_Ze feh IYejj Ij[mWhj$ B[]_ed % :_h[Yjeh0 IYejj Ij[mWhj % 7Yjeh[i0 :[dd_i GkW_Z" FWkb 8[jjWdo" AWj[ MWbi^" BkYWi 8bWYa % :khWY_ d0 '&& c_di$ % FW i Eh_][d0 ;ijWZei Kd_Zei % 7 e0 (&'&

9_d feb_i CWdpWd_bbe0

:_Wh_e0 IK8 0 ',0*&%'.0+&%('0&& CWj_d [ :ec0 '(0'&%'*0(& 9_d feb_i0 :_Wh_e0 IK8 0 ',0&&%'.0&+ CWj_d [ :ec0 '*0'&

<kh_W Z[ J_jWd[i 8 DWY_Ze o Yh_WZe Yece kd ^ecXh[" F[hi[e de fk[Z[ [l_jWh iWblWh W ik \Wc_b_W Z[ >WZ[i" kd l[d]Wj_le Z_ei Z[b _d\hWckdZe1 Yed dWZW gk[ f[hZ[h" F[hi[e i[ e\h[Y[ W [cfh[dZ[h kdW c_i_ d fWhW Z[hhejWh W >WZ[i Wdj[i Z[ gk[ b[ Whh[XWj[ [b feZ[h W P[ki o Z[iWjWh kd Wkj dj_Ye _d\_[hde [d bW J_[hhW$ 9ece b Z[h Z[ kd ]hkfe Z[ lWb_[dj[i ]k[hh[hei" F[hi[e _d_Y_W kd f[b_]heie l_W`[ gk[ be bb[lW W ckdZei fhe^_X_Zei o be [d\h[djWh| W Z[ced_ei o X[ij_Wi j[hh_Xb[i" f[he i be feZh| ieXh[l_l_h i_ WY[fjW ik feZ[h Z[ Z_ei o Z[Y_Z[ YWcX_Wh ik fhef_e Z[ij_de$ J_jkbe eh_]_dWb0 9bWi^ E\ J^[ J_jWdi % :_h[Yjeh0 Bek_i B[j[hh_[h % 7Yjeh[i0 IWc Mehj^_d]jed" B_Wc D[[ied" 7b[nW :WlWbei % :khWY_ d0 '&, c_di$ % FW i Eh_][d0 ;$K% 7 e0 (&'&

9_d feb_i CWdpWd_bbe0

:_Wh_e0 IK8 0 '+0&&%'-0)&%(&0&&%((0)+ CWj_d [ :ec0 '(0)& 9_d feb_i0 :_Wh_e0 IK8 ):0 '*0+&%'-0'&%'/0)&%((0&&

C_ L[Y_de [i kd ;if W 7 8eX >e [i kd [n W][dj[ Z[ bW 9?7" i_d [cXWh]e" dWZW be ^W fh[fWhWZe fWhW ik c|i hkZW c_i_ d0 Yk_ZWh W bei ^_`ei Z[ ik del_W" YeiW gk[ de i[h| \|Y_b [d WXiebkje$ FWhW Yebce Z[ cWb[i" jeZe i[ iWbZh| Z[ Yedjheb YkWdZe kde Z[ bei Y^_gk_j_d[i eXj[d]W WYY_Z[djWbc[dj[ kdW \ hckbW i[Yh[jW Z[ _dj[hd[j" Yed be gk[ fheleYW gk[ [b c|n_ce [d[c_]e Z[ 8eX" kd j[hheh_ijW hkie" f[hi_]W W bei Y^_Yei Yed _dj[dY_ed[i feYe Wc_ijeiWi$ J_jkbe eh_]_dWb0 J^[ Ifo D[nj :eeh % :_h[Yjeh0 8h_Wd B[lWdj % 7Yjeh[i0 @WYa_[ 9^Wd" 7cX[h LWbb[jjW" CWZ[b_d[ 9Whhebb" % :khWY_ d0 /* c_di$ % FW i Eh_][d0 ;$ K$ % 7 e0 (&'&

9 E C ; : ? 7 KdW DeY^[ <k[hW Z[ I[h_[ 8

9bW_h[ J_dW <[o o F^_b <eij[h Ij[l[ 9Wh[bb ied kdW fWh[`W gk[ l_l[ [d bei ikXkhX_ei o gk[ _dj[djW ieXh[bb[lWh ik ced jedW l_ZW$ >WijW iki ºdeY^[i Z[ Y_jWi» i[ ^Wd Yedl[hj_Ze [d hkj_dWh_Wi o \Wij_Z_eiWi$ FWhW lebl[h W [dY[dZ[h bW Y^_ifW Z[ ik cWjh_ced_e" l_i_jWd kd h[ijWkhWdj[ Z[ ceZW [d CWd^WjjWd" ZedZ[ kdW Yed\ki_ d Z[ _Z[dj_ZWZ[i bei bb[lWh| W kdW _d[if[hWZW o WbeYWZW Wl[djkhW$ ;ije b[i h[YehZWh| be [if[Y_Wb Z[ ik h[bWY_ d" ^WY_[dZe Z[ Wgk[bbW deY^[ kdW Y_jW _debl_ZWXb[$ J_jkbe eh_]_dWb0 :Wj[ D_]^j % :_h[Yjeh0 I^Wmd B[lo % 7Yjeh[i0 C_bW Akd_i" Ij[l[ 9Wh[bb" CWha MW^bX[h]" J_dW <[o % = d[he0 9ec[Z_W % 9bWi_\_YWY_ d0 8 % :khWY_ d0 .- c_di$ % FW i Eh_][d0 ;ijWZei Kd_Zei % 7 e0 (&'&

9_d feb_i CWdpWd_bbe0

:_Wh_e0 IK8 0 '+0'&%'-0&&%'/0&&%(&0+& CWj_d [ :ec0 ')0(& 9_d feb_i0 :_Wh_e0 IK8 0 '+0'&%'-0'&%'/0)&%('0(& CWj_d [ :ec0 ')0&&

;b 9WpW H[Yecf[diWi 8 C_be 8eoZ =[hWhZ 8kjb[h [i kd YWpW h[Yecf[diWi Yed cWbW ik[hj[" f[he Yedi_]k[ kd jhWXW`e Z[ [dik[ e YkWdZe [i Wi_]dWZe W [dYedjhWh W ik [n [ifeiW" bW h[fehj[hW D_Yeb[ >khbo @[dd_\[h 7d_ijed " gk_[d de i[ fh[i[dj W `k_Y_e Z[ifk i Z[ fW]Wh kdW \_WdpW$ xb f_[diW gk[ jeZe be gk[ i_]k[ [i Wb]e \|Y_b" f[he YkWdZe D_Yeb[ i[ b[ [iYWfW fWhW feZ[h f[hi[]k_h kd Wi[i_dWje gk[ ^W i_Ze [dYkX_[hje" C_be i[ ZW Yk[djW gk[ de ^Wo dWZW gk[ i[W \|Y_b [djh[ [bbei Zei$ J_jkbe eh_]_dWb0 J^[ 8ekdjo >kdj[h % :_h[Yjeh0 7dZo J[ddWdj % 7Yjeh[i0 @[dd_\[h 7d_ijed" =[hWhZ 8kjb[h % 9bWi_\_YWY_ d0 8 % :khWY_ d0 ''' c_di$ % FW i Eh_][d0 ;K % 7 e0 (&'&

9_d feb_i0 :_Wh_e0 IK8 0 '/0&&%('0'&

9EC;:?7 # <7C?B?7H ;b H[]h[ie Z[ BW DWdW C|]_YW 7

:H7C7

J > H ? B B ; H

Fh[Y_eiW 8'+

BW ?ibW I_d_[ijhW 8'+

Fh[Y_eki [i kdW WZeb[iY[dj[ Z[ ', W ei Z[ hWpW d[]hW" gk[ [ij| [cXWhWpWZW feh i[]kdZW l[p #Z[ ik fWZh[# o l_l[ Yed ik cWZh[ CWho [d kd XWhh_e feXh[ Z[ >Whb[c$ Bk[]e Z[ ^WX[h i_Ze [nfkbiWZW Z[ bW [iYk[bW feh ik [ijWZe" [bbW i_]k[ [b Yedi[`e Z[ bW Z_h[YjehW Z[b fbWdj[b" ieXh[ Yedj_dkWh ik _dijhkYY_ d feh l Wi Wbj[hdWj_lWi$ O [i Wbb gk[" Z[ bW cWde Z[ bW i[ eh_jW HW_d" `kdje Yed bW jhWXW`WZehW ieY_Wb M[_ii o @e^d #kd [d\[hc[he gk[ i[ ^WY[ ik Wc_]e#" Fh[Y_eki Z[iYkXh[ gk[ bW l_ZW jWcX_ d j_[d[ ik bWZe ^[hceie o Z[Y_Z[ Yed\hedjWh W bei Whj \_Y[i Z[ ik Z[i]hWY_W$ Kd \_bc[ WYbWcWZe W d_l[b ckdZ_Wb o ]WdWZeh [d [b \[ij_lWb Z[ IkdZWdY[$ J_jkbe eh_]_dWb0 Fh[Y_eki0 8Wi[Z Ed J^[ Del[b % :_h[Yjeh0 B[[ :Wd_[bi % 7Yjeh[i0 =WXekh[o I_Z_X[" FWkbW FWjjed" CWh_W^ 9Wh[o % = d[he0 :hWcW % 9bWi_\_YWY_ d0 8#'+ % :khWY_ d0 ''& c_di$ % FW i Eh_][d0 ;K % 7 e0 (&&/

B[edWhZe :_9Wfh_e lk[bl[ W jhWXW`Wh Yed [b Z_h[Yjeh CWhj_d IYehi[i[" [ijW l[p fWhW _dj[hfh[jWh W J[ZZo :Wd_[bi" kd c_b_jWh gk[ _dl[ij_]W bW c_ij[h_eiW Z[iWfWh_Y_ d Z[ kdW ck`[h" _dj[hdWZW [d kd ^eif_jWb fi_gk_|jh_Ye feh YecfehjWc_[dje Yh_c_dWb$ JeZWi bWi f_ijWi Z[ :Wd_[bi bb[lWd W gk[ bW ck`[h ^W ^k_Ze W bW h[cejW I^kjj[h ?ibWdZ" kd bk]Wh [d [b gk[ b c_ice Yehh[ [b h_[i]e Z[ lebl[hi[ beYe$ J_jkbe eh_]_dWb0 I^kjj[h ?ibWdZ % :_h[Yjeh0 CWhj_d IYehi[i[ % 7Yjeh[i0 B[edWhZe :_ 9Wfh_e" CWha Hk\\Wbe" 8[d A_d]ib[o" C_Y^[bb[ M_bb_Wci % :khWY_ d0 '). c_di$ % FW i Eh_][d0 ;K% 7 e0 (&'&

:_Wh_e0 IK8 0 '+0'+%'-0(+%'/0*+%((0&+ CWj_d [ :ec0 '(0++ 9_d feb_i0 :_Wh_e0 IK8 0 ',0++%'/0'+%('0*+

7l$ CWh W 7^kcWZW Z[ = c[p o ;dh_gk[ 9ehedW Ceh\ d De$ )-'" 9eb$ 9Wcf[ijh[" FbWpW ºIeh_WdW»" L$ Z[ 7$" 9eb$

9_d feb_i CWdpWd_bbe0

9_d feb_i CWdpWd_bbe0 :_Wh_e0 IK8 0

',0+&%'/0(&%('0)+ CWj_d [ :ec0 '(0(&%'*0*& 9_d feb_i0 :_Wh_e0 IK8 0 '/0(+%('0*&

:H7C7 # HEC7D9; Kd 7ceh ?d[if[hWZe 8

9ed HeX[hj :emd[o @h$ Z[ dk[le _dj[hfh[jWdZe Wb cW]dWj[ Jedo IjWha" gk_[d Yece ?hed CWd j[dZh| gk[ fed[h jeZe ik [cf[ e fWhW iWblWh Wb ckdZe Z[ kdW _d[if[hWZW Wc[dWpW" [ijW l[p feh fWhj[ Z[b f[b_]heie M^_fbWi^ C_Ya[o Hekha[ $ 9ed :ed 9^[WZb[" =mod[j^ FWbjhem o IYWhb[jj @e^Wdiied$ :_h[Yjeh0 @ed <Wlh[Wk % = d[he0 9_[dY_W <_YY_ d % 9bWi_\_YWY_ d0 8 % :khWY_ d0 '(* c_di$ % FW i Eh_][d0 ;ijWZei Kd_Zei % 7 e0 (&'&

9_d feb_i CWdpWd_bbe0 :_Wh_e0 IK8 0

'*0)&%'+0+&%'-0'&%'.0)&%'/0+&%('0'&%((0)& CWj_d [ :ec0 ''0+&%')0'& :_Wh_e0 :E8 0 ',0)&%'/0'&%('0+& CWj_d [ :ec0 ''0'& %')0+& 9_d feb_i0 :_Wh_e0 IK8 0 '+0+&%'-0&&% '.0(+% '/0)+%('0&&%((0'& CWj_d [ :ec0 ')0'+ %'*0(+ :_Wh_e0 :E8 0 '+0'&%',0(&%'-0*+%'.0++% (&0(&%('0)& CWj_d [ :ec0 '(0)+%')0*+

CC9_d[cWi

J[b$ )'#'#)(#') mmm$ccY_d[cWi$Yec 7:C?I?ÕD0 =;D;H7B0 +& % C_ hYeb[i0 ), '§$ <kdY_ d % ;ijkZ_Wdj[i % D_ ei [ ?DI;D0 *(

9_d feb_i 9EB?C70 )[h$ 7d_bbe F[h_\ h_Ye De$ )&'" ;ig$ 7l$ ?]dWY_e IWdZelWb" FbWpW P[djhWb_W$ 9eb_cW C7DP7D?BBE0 FWi[e Z[ bWi =Wl_ejWi De$ *+&" IWbW]kW

J[b$ )( ),( () 9eb_cW )'* ))+ ,* +. IWbW]kW" Cpe$ mmm$Y_d[feb_i$Yec$cn 7:C?I?ÕD CWdpWd_bbe0 =[d[hWb */ C_ hYeb[i [nY[fje Z_Wi \[ij_lei 0 )( CWj_d [i" d_ ei" )[hW$ [ZWZ o [ijkZ_Wdj[i Z[ B#L Yed Yh[Z[dY_Wb 0 )Fhe^_X_ZW bW [djhWZW W c[deh[i Z[ ' W e

CWj_d [ :ec0 '(0'&%'*0*&

?hed CWd ( 8

:_Wh_e0 IK8 0 '+0*&%'.0*+%('0+&

:[Y_i_ed[i ;njh[cWi 7 @e^d 9hemb[o 8h[dZWd <hWi[h \_dWbc[dj[ ^W Yec[dpWZe W Z_i\hkjWh Z[b n_je" WfeoWZe Z[ ik [ifeiW 7_b[[d A[h_ Hkii[bb o iki jh[i ^_`ei$ F[he c_[djhWi ik YWhh[hW [cf_[pW W b[lWdjWhi[" bei Zei ^_`ei c|i f[gk[ ei Z[ @e^d" C[]Wd o FWjh_Ya" ied Z_W]deij_YWZei Yed kdW [d\[hc[ZWZ \WjWb$ 9ed 7_b[[d W ik bWZe" 9hemb[o i[ kd[ W kd Y_[dj \_Ye Xh_bbWdj[ feYe Yedl[dY_edWb o Wfh[Y_WZe" [b :h$ HeX[hj Ied[^_bb >Whh_ied <ehZ $ @kdjei \kdZWd kdW YecfW W Z[ X_ej[Ydebe] W gk[ i[ [d\eYW [d Z[iWhhebbWh kdW c[Z_Y_dW gk[ fk[ZW iWblWh l_ZWi" o Z[X[h|d bkY^Wh YedjhW [b ckdZe o YedjhW [b j_[cfe$ J_jkbe eh_]_dWb0 ;njhWehZ_dWho C[Wikh[i % :_h[Yjeh0 Jec LWk]^Wd % 7Yjeh[i0 >Whh_ied <ehZ" 8h[dZWd <hWi[h % = d[he0 :hWcW % 9bWi_\_YWY_ d0 7 % :khWY_ d0 '&+ c_di$ % FW i Eh_][d0 ;ijWZei Kd_Zei % 7 e0 (&'&

9_d feb_i0 :_Wh_e0 :E8 0',0*&

9 ? ; D 9 ? 7 < ? 9 9 ? Õ D

9_d feb_i0

DWddo CYF^[[ ZW kd iWbje [d [b j_[cfe o i[ fh[i[djW [d bW fk[hjW Z[ kdW `el[d cWZh[" gk[ _dj[djW bb[lWh bW ]hWd`W \Wc_b_Wh c_[djhWi ik cWh_Ze [ij| [d bW ]k[hhW$ CYF^[[ de jWhZW [d Z[iYkXh_h gk[ bei ^_`ei Z[ bW i[ ehW =h[[d jWcX_ d b_XhWd kdW ZkhW XWjWbbW YedjhW Zei _diefehjWXb[i fh_cei$ :[iZ[ cejei lebWZehWi W [ijWjkWi fWhbWdj[i" fWiWdZe feh kd Y[hZ_je jh[fWZeh Z[ |hXeb[i o kd [b[\Wdj_je gk[ WfWh[Y[ [d bei i_j_ei c|i _d[if[hWZei" DWddo CYF^[[ kiW ik cW]_W fWhW [di[ Wh W bei jhWl_[iei d_ ei dk[lWi b[YY_ed[i$ J_jkbe eh_]_dWb0 DWddo CYF^[[ 7dZ J^[ 8_] 8Wd] % :_h[Yjeh0 IkiWddW M^_j[ % 7Yjeh[i0 HWbf^ <_[dd[i" ;ccW J^ecfied" CW]]_[ =obb[d^WWb" CW]]_[ Ic_j^ % 9bWi_\_YWY_ d0 7 % :khWY_ d0 '&/ c_di$ % FW i Eh_][d0 ;ijWZei Kd_Zei#H[_de Kd_Ze#<hWdY_W % 7 e0 (&'&

9_d feb_i CWdpWd_bbe0

:_Wh_e0 :E8 0 '+0&+%'-0(&%'/0*&%((0&& CWj_d [ :ec0 '(0*& 9_d feb_i0 :_Wh_e0 :E8 0 ',0'&%'.0*&%(&0+& CWj_d [ :ec0 '*0&&

7:C?I?ÕD 9eb_cW0 :[ B#:" Z[ifk[i Z[ bWi '+0&& ^hi0 ++

;b :h$ 8kha[ HoWd ;Ya^Whj i[ [dYk[djhW [d [b fh[Y_f_Y_e Z[ kd _cfehjWdj[ YedjhWje Yed kdW YecfW W Z[ ckbj_c[Z_W" f[he [b j[hWf[kjW gk[ f_Z[ W jeZei iki fWY_[dj[i [d\h[djWh Z[ cWd[hW WX_[hjW ik Zebeh [i _dYWfWp Z[ i[]k_h ik fhef_e Yedi[`e$ ;be_i[ 9^WdZb[h 7d_ijed ^W `khWZe ebl_ZWh W bei ^ecXh[i o Z[Z_YWhi[ Z[ bb[de W ik \beh[h W$ I_d [cXWh]e" YkWdZe YedeY[ W 8kha[ \beh[Y[ kdW WjhWYY_ d _dijWdj|d[W$ F[he «i[h| fei_Xb[ gk[ Zei f[hiedWi gk[ YedeY_[hed W bW f[hiedW _dZ_YWZW [d [b cec[dje [gk_leYWZe i[Wd YWfWY[i Z[ ZWhb[ kdW i[]kdZW efehjkd_ZWZ Wb Wceh5 J_jkbe eh_]_dWb0 Bel[ >Wff[di % :_h[Yjeh0 8hWdZed 9Wcf % 7Yjeh[i0 7Whed ;Ya^Whj" @[dd_\[h 7d_ijed" :Wd <e]b[h" @e^d 9Whhebb BodY^" CWhj_d I^[[d$ %:khWY_ d0 '&/ c_d$ % FW i Eh_][d0 ;$K$7$#9WdWZ|% 7 e0 (&&/

9_d feb_i0 :_Wh_e0 IK8 0 (&0&+%((0'+

C_ hYeb[i [nY[fje Z_Wi \[ij_lei 0 ). CWj_d [i Wdj[i '+0&&" d_ ei o )[hW$ [ZWZ ** ;ijkZ_Wdj[i Z[ B#L Yed Yh[Z[dY_Wb 0 ** Fhe^_X_ZW bW [jdhWZW W c[deh[i Z[ ) W ei IWbW Z_]_jWb0 7Zkbje -)% d_ ei o )hW [ZWZ ,.

=EB:;D 9?D;C7N <[b_f[ I[l_bbW Z[b H e (&'" BeYWb ,*" @WhZ_d[i Z[ L_ijW >[hceiW 9eb_cW" 9eb$

J[b$ )'#(#&'#-) mmm$Y_d[cWiZ[bYekdjho$Yec$cn% Fhe]hWcWY_ d ik`[jW W YWcX_e i_d fh[l_e Wl_ie


\ p ·F c\ mX

9edckjWZeh0 )',#)(#-& [iYh XWdei 0 feh cW_b Yehh[e6c_b[d_eYeb_cW$Yec$cn

<eje]hW\ W0 CWh_Wde 7fWh_Y_e

.*/6504

WfWh_Y_e6cWh_WdeWfWh_Y_e$Yec

feh \Wn )', )( -& feh YWhjW 7bZWcW ++(" 9eb_cW" (.&&& mmm$c_b[d_e$Yec Z[\[dieh6c_b[d_eYeb_cW$Yec$cn

cWhj[i '' Z[ CWoe Z[ (&'&

&M UFNB ;ij[\Wd W =edp|b[p

CWh_Wde 7fWh_Y_e <[hd|dZ[p Z[ C_]k[biWdp

7dW CWh W L_bb_YW W <$

;ijkZ_Wdj[

<ej ]hW\e fhe\[i_edWb

;ijkZ_Wdj[

Ah lnk_qn]`kn `a fqope_e] `ah aop]`k ejbkni mqa h] ej_e`aj_e] `a nk^ko ] _]o])d]^ep]_e j oa ej_naiajp aj qj -, lkn _eajpk `qn]jpa aopa ] k aj Pa_k) i j( ?khei]( I]jv]jehhk u h] Rehh]*

$PMJNB Ah oa_nap]nek `ah Oej`e_]pk `ah =uqjp]) ieajpk `a ?khei] naolkjo]^ehev ]h at ]h_]h`a Fko =jpkjek Knkv_k O]j`kr]h( `ah ej_naiajpk $`a ., iehhkjao `a laoko% `a h] `aq`] mqa ]_pq]hiajpa peaja ah iqje_elek _kj Lajoekjao*

/BDJPOBM Qj cnqlk `a aopq`e]jpao `a h] Qjeran) oe`]` `a ?]hebknje] aj >angahau u qj ]_pereop] h]pejk _kiajv]nkj ]uan( lkn oal]n]`k( dqahc]o `a d]i^na aj lnk) paop] _kjpn] h] hau `a =nevkj]( mqa _neie) j]hev] ] ejiecn]jpao ej`k_qiajp]`ko* xZ]Wh HW\W[b 7]k_hh[ Ckd]k W Fhe\[ieh Z[ YecfkjWY_ d

CWh W Bk_iW L_bbWdk[lW =k[hh[he 7cW Z[ YWiW

<hWdY_iYe @Wl_[h FWbWY_ei :[b]WZe JeZ be]e

/FHPDJPT Aj .,,,( h] lnk`q__e j `a ]qpki rehao `a I te_k u ?dej] oa aj_kjpn]^] ln _) pe_]iajpa ]heja]`] _kj _]oe . iehhkjao `a ]qpko7 lank hko ]oe pe_ko pki]nkj qj] ]ilhe] rajp]f]( l]n] .,,5 h] lnk) `q__e j an] `a -. iehhkjao `a qje`]`ao*

'SPOUFSBT H] i]na] jacn] nk`a] u] h]o naoanr]o `a eoh]o j]pqn]hao bnajpa ] h]o _kop]o `a Hqeoe]j] u h]o ^kh]o `a ]hmqepn j d]j hhac]`k ] h] _kop] `a =h]^]i]( ]iaj]) v]j`k h]o lh]u]o pqn ope_]o( ejbkni]nkj ]uan h]o ]qpkne`]`ao aop]`qje`ajoao*

5FOEFODJBT CWh W =kWZWbkf[ =edp|b[p :[b]WZe

@[i i :ebeh[i HeiWi

J[h[iW C[ZhWde >[h[Z_W

7cW Z[ YWiW

9Wcf[i_de

7cW Z[ YWiW

Ah at rk_ank `a Fq]j L]^hk EE jac mqa aj ah R]pe_]jk ateop] Îrkhqjp]` aj_q^ne`kn]Ï ok^na hko _]oko `a ]^qoko oatq]hao ] iajknao lnkp]) ckjev]`ko lkn ieai^nko `ah _hank* ÎJe ]jpao( je ]dkn]Ï( ejoeope *

$VMUVSB Ah ^]hhap bkhgh ne_k Î?]teph jÏ( _aha^n]n ah .3 ]jerano]nek `a oq bqj`]_e j( ah ln teik `kiejck -2 `a i]uk( ] h]o -56/, dkn]o( aj ah ]q`epknek ÎAh ]o V]ikn] Ran`qv_kÏ `a ?q]qdp ik_* Ajpn]`] cn]pqep]*

-B "GJDJuO

7Z|d >[hd|dZ[p 9|hZ[dWi ;ijkZ_Wdj[

>[hc[b_dZW He`e 7d]k_Wde

CW]Z_[b >[hd|dZ[p BWdZW

7cW Z[ YWiW

;cfb[WZe

H] oaha__e j `a I te_k oa ikopn oej e`a] aj h] lneian] l]npa `ah l]npe`k u _kj qj ckh aj ah _kilha) iajpk `a =h^anpk Ia`ej]( _kj ]uq`] `ah lknpank( ]laj]o u lq`k raj_an ]h amqelk `a Oajac]h*


Turn static files into dynamic content formats.

Create a flipbook
Issuu converts static files into: digital portfolios, online yearbooks, online catalogs, digital photo albums and more. Sign up and create your flipbook.