Nanotechnology and Future of Sports Training By
Prof. Mohamed A. Belal Vice Dean of Physical Education for postgraduate and Researches Mohamed.belal@alexu.edu.eg
Contents of the session • • • • • • • •
Introduction Definition History Timeline Carbon nanotubes Application of Nanotechnology in sport training Human Ability versus Technology Doping Sports training future and nanotechnology
Nanotechnology and the future of sports training
2
NANO & TECHNOLOGY • A Nanometer is a unit of length in the metric system, equal to one billionth of a meter(10-9). • Technology is the making, usage, and knowledge of tools, machines and techniques, in order to solve a problem or perform a specific function. Nanotechnology and the future of sports training
3
Definition • •
•
Nanotechnology is the study of manipulating matter on an atomic scale. Nanotechnology refers to the constructing and engineering of the functional systems at very micro level or we can say at atomic level. A Nanometer is one billionth of a meter, roughly the width of three or four atoms. The average human hair is about 25,000 nanometers wide. Nanotechnology and the future of sports training
4
What is Nanoscale ?
Nanotechnology and the future of sports training
5
Richard Feynman
History of Nanotechnology
History
Sumio Iijima
Mihail C. Roco
Nanotechnology and the future of sports training
6
Timeline of Four Generations of Nano Products
Nanotechnology and the future of sports training
7
Carbon nanotubes Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are allotropes of carbon with a cylindrical nanostructure. These cylindrical carbon molecules have unusual properties, which are valuable for nanotechnology, electronics, optics and other fields of materials science and technology. Owing to the material's exceptional strength and stiffness, nanotubes have been constructed with length-to-diameter ratio of up to 132,000,000:1, significantly larger than for any other material. In addition, owing to their extraordinary thermal conductivity, mechanical, and electrical properties, carbon nanotubes find applications as additives to various structural materials. For instance, nanotubes form a tiny portion of the material(s) in some (primarily carbon fiber) baseball bats, golf clubs, car parts or damascus steel. Nanotechnology and the future of sports training
8
Graphene structure Graphene is an allotrope (form) of carbon consisting of a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in an hexagonal lattice. It is the basic structural element of many other allotropes of carbon, such as graphite, charcoal, carbon nanotubes and fullerenes.
Nanotechnology and the future of sports training
9
Added advantages of incorporated nanomaterials in sporting equipments
Nanotechnology and the future of sports training
10
Nanotechnology is already making today’s products • • • • •
Lighter Stronger Faster Smaller More Durable
Nanotechnology and the future of sports training
11
APPLICATION OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN SPORT TRAINING Nanotechnology and the future of sports training
12
Nanotechnology and the future of sports training
13
Nanotechnology and the future of sports training
14
Nanotechnology and the future of sports training
15
Nanotechnology and the future of sports training
16
Nanotechnology and the future of sports training
17
Nanotechnology and the future of sports training
18
Nanotechnology and the future of sports training
19
Tennis Ball C o a t i n g t e n n i s b a l l s w i t h nanoparticles such as nano-clay greatly extends the ball service life due to gas barrier effect slowing down the speed of air penetration into the ball.
Nanotechnology in Sports EE453 Project
Nanotechnology and the future of sports training
20
Tennis Racket Discovered Graphene™ consists of a single twodimensional layer of carbon atoms. This material has a breaking strength 200 times greater than steel, which makes it the ultimate substance for creating new HEAD tennis racquet frames with exceptional properties. Graphene™ technology allows for the first time an optimal redistribution of weight in HEAD racquets. Through the use of Graphene™ in the shaft, the weight in the middle part of the tennis racquet can be reduced. Instead, weight can be shifted to more functionally relevant areas in the grip and racquet head. This unique construction provides players with an unmatched maneuverability and an increased swingweight. In other words, a racquet with Graphene™ is easier to swing and enables even more powerful shots. And it will give opponents a really hard time.
Roger Federer
Nanotechnology and the future of sports training
21
Golf Ball Nanotechnology is changing the way golf is being played with new equipment designed for better performance. Currently there is a newly designed golf club 'shaft' (the long part of the club) that is coated with nanometal. The new golf club shafts made with nanometal which is stronger and lighter, thus providing a fast clubhead speed. This also means that if they include this nanometal in the clubhead it could be light enough to allow for a larger 'sweet spot' for players. Again, Wilson is leading the way in using nanotechnology in sport with the creation of not only using nanometals in the shaft but also blending it with graphite fibres. Figure 4.2 shows how the nanomaterial fills the small gaps in the shaft, making it straighter, stronger and more consistent.
Golf shaft with Nano Composite (left) Golf shaft without Nano Composite (right) The gray areas represent gaps in the shaft. The pink dots represent the nanomaterial
Nanotechnology and the future of sports training
22
Smart Clothing The best sports innovation, ever? Synthetic fibers that wick moisture, dry fast, and are anti-microbial and water- or wind- resistant: sweat-soaked cotton is so '70s. Perhaps the next best thing? "Smart" clothing that uses embedded microscopic sensors, GPS and wireless networks to monitor athletes' heart rate, body temperature, hydration and more. Applications extend far beyond the sports arena. Medical and military technicians are developing patient and soldier models to record and transmit real-time biometrics from blood pressure to a bullet wound, from any location.
Nanotechnology and the future of sports training
23
Swimming Nanotechnology has effected swimming by helping to create a more efficient pool cleaner and disinfectant. The new mixture called nanoemulsion has dramatically advanced the effectiveness of pool cleaners. The mixture uses nano-sized oil drops which are mixed with a normal disinfectant. What makes the product better then previous models is because of the tiny oil nanoparticles that stick to the bacteria, making the delivery of the disinfectant more effective. Another nano innovation is the 'LZR Racer Swimsuit' which is now used by most professional swimmers because of its revolutionary aerodynamics. The manufacturers at Speedo (the company which designed the suit) used nanotechnology to permanently change the fabric surface, with the energy of cold plasma. The result is an highly lightweight, flexible and quick-drying swimsuit that provides the wearer with a more efficient performance. Nanotechnology and the future of sports training
24
New XCEED goggles by MP Michael Phelps, designed by Aqua Sphere VISTA, Calif., Jan. 14, 2016 /PRNewswire/ -- Since the launch of the MP brand earlier this year with the XPRESSO competitive suit, Michael Phelps, the most decorated swimmer of all-time, Bob Bowman, head men's swimming coach for the 2016 U.S. Olympic team and Arizona State University head coach, and Aqua Sphere, the premier swimming equipment manufacturer for fitness swimming and triathlons, have collaborated to design an expanded line of premier competitive swim gear and training equipment. The new XCEED goggle leverages Aqua Sphere's patented curved lens providing perfect clarity and expanded field of vision. "With these goggles, you're getting almost 180-degree vision. That peripheral sight is really important when you're racing," said Bowman. "It allows the swimmer to sight walls and the competition without altering their head position." Engineered with Exo-Core technology, the goggle combines two materials for maximum performance while offering stability and durability. The ultra soft anatomic Softeril gaskets provide a watertight seal with an exceptionally comfortable fit. Nanotechnology and the future of sports training
25
Heads Up Display System 4iiii
The goal of the 4iiii system is to provide you with much of the same information that’s displayed on your Garmin Forerunner (running) or Edge (cycling) device – but do it in a way that’s simply safer for you as a rider. Their aim really isn’t to replace your Garmin, but rather compliment it with the core information you need. The 4iiii system works by connecting to ANT+ sensors (heart rate, speed, cadence, power) while either cycling or running. Once connected to those sensors it will provide feedback to you in the form of a color coded LED system that’s ideally set to be visible in your peripheral vision. You can then customize these LED’s for your difference zones (or ranges), for each type of sensor. Some might ask why not simply display actual digits or numbers. While that was their initial plan as well, they found that was actually just as distracting as one looking down at their Garmin unit. By using color coded LED lights, you wouldn’t have to shift focus from the road. After all, it’s the road that’s important (especially when cycling). Below is what it looks like if you’re looking through the glasses. I set the camera to focus on the area about 15 feet ahead, which meant that just like the human eye – the LED light bar is effectively within the cameras peripheral vision. Note that you can change the position of the LED bar as you see fit (up/down, etc…)
Nanotechnology and the future of sports training
26
Adidas miCoach Smart Ball Adidas have introduced the Micoach Smart Soccer Ball, a football capable of measuring the speed, spin and trajectory of each kick and then feeding all the stats back to the miCoach app on your device via Bluetooth after each strike. Inside the smart ball are several sensors that analyze the ball as it moves through the air, the data is then displayed on an included app, that also includes training tutorials, ballmastery videos with drills, tips, tricks and challenges.
Nanotechnology and the future of sports training
27
Thermometer pill • The pill contains a quartz crystal sensor and micro-battery wrapped in silicon. • Once swallowed, a sensor transmits temperature and heart rate data to the trainer as it travels through the gastrointestinal tract. • Athletes in field and track, auto racing, football, hockey, cycling and soccer
Nanotechnology and the future of sports training
28
Human Ability versus Technology Doping As nanotechnology advancements in sports are enhancing athletic performance, there should be a dividing line between athletes' natural ability and technology because the later one can overshadow the human-spirit and the natural achievements of an athlete. Moreover, the competition would be unfair unless each participant has access to the same kind of high-tech sporting equipment as it may reflect the strength of the technology rather than the skill of a sportsperson. The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) that dictated rules for Olympiad, 2012, keeps on monitoring all technological advances in the sports equipment category. Various international sports federations decide whether to permit a nanotechnology-incorporated innovative sports equipment line or not. Recently, the FĂŠdĂŠration Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA) has released its 2014 guidelines to restrict the use of nanotubes and nanofiber composites in F1 racing8. However, a technology, capable of enhancing the performance of a sportsperson, which is not against the rules of a sports federation, might be allowed in the world of competitive sports.
Nanotechnology and the future of sports training
29
SPORTS TRAINING FUTURE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY Nanotechnology and the future of sports training
30
Future Athletes Future athletes combined with high tech sports medicine will be rife with moral implications. Prosthetic limbs that can be controlled by the nervous systemaz
Nanotechnology and the future of sports training
31
Nanotechnology and the future of sports training
32
Wing Board The mechanics of the ride are pretty simple, straightforward and safe. You take off in a similar fashion to how you take off a glider. It is controlled by the rider’s body positon and input. Leaning forwards and backwards is the basic movements required to control the wing board. There are active control surfaces to provide additional stability and support. I also comes with a parachute to ensure a comfortable landing, but for the adventurous at heart, you can also land while being towed by the plane! While developing WingBoard, safety was the primary concern and extreme measure have been taken to ensure it. The design is equipped with various safety systems like automated release arrangement for tow lines and bindings and a parachute with ability to open and function even at a lower altitude. The board is ultralight weight and aerodynamically stable to reduce the forces acting on the rider’s body.
Nanotechnology and the future of sports training
33
Space Skydiving The venues of sports will also change in the future. For instance space sports will come into vogue less than 5 years from now. Float ball, space sky diving from low earth orbit and space runs (not walks) will be played and viewed by many. Space laser tag using high-powered lasers will also be outlawed.
Nanotechnology and the future of sports training
34
Jetpack Racing Future flying sports will evolve in the next 5 to 10 years as personal aircraft will start going mainstream. So, in the coming years we'll see more jetpack races and other small personal aircraft races taking place a few hundred feet above the ground.
Nanotechnology and the future of sports training
35
Jet Ski A new concept has surfaced for a personal watercraft of the future called the Dolphin Hydrofoil. This thing has a circle ski in the front and a couple wing-like skis on the rear with a long fin underneath with the propulsion unit. When at speed the Dolphin rises out of the water on the skis.
Nanotechnology and the future of sports training
36
References 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19.
https://www.nanowerk.com/spotlight/spotid=30661.ph Nanotechnology in Sports EE453 Project, Fall 2008. http://www.pocket-lint.com/news/121283-adidas-micoach-smart-ball-the-ios-linked-football-that-measures-your-everykick http://www.technologist.eu/the-sports-revolution/ Olympic Games Rio 2016 Author: Rogerio Winter – Colonel at Brazilian Army Translator and revision: Fabio Renato Winter https://www.divein.com/articles/orb-dive-helmet-is-this-the-future-of-scuba/ https://nano-magazine.com/news/2017/7/7/228q4lr8rr5orforgaord750aqs26b http://medicalfuturist.com/technology-changes-the-future-of-professional-sports/ https://victor274blog.wordpress.com/ https://www.theguardian.com/nanotechnology-world/does-nanotechnology-offer-athletes-more-than-a-sporting-chance http://electronics360.globalspec.com/article/8433/nanotechnology-in-sports-from-wimbledon-to-ski-wax http://n1groupcnano.blogspot.com.eg/2013/05/nanotech-in-sports-equipment.html https://www.slideshare.net/abhimaha09/nanotechnology-by-abhishek-mahajan http://slideplayer.com/slide/4355559/ http://www.ibtimes.com/road-rio-race-build-worlds-fastest-olympic-swimsuit-2368244 Z. G. Gong "Nanotechnology Application in Sports", Advanced Materials Research, Vol. 662, pp. 186-189, 2013 Applying Nanotechnology to Athletic Sports, YU Wei-dong,HU Yan,WANG Kai-li,BIAN Zhi-xin,YAN Feng-yuan,REN Yu-zhi Ren,ZHOU Zhi-yong(Shanghai Research Institute of Sports Science,Shanghai 200030) P. Wang and J. Y. Wang, "Development and Application of Nanotechnology in Sports", Advanced Materials Research, Vol. 918, pp. 54-58, 2014 https://doi.org/10.1177/1528083715601512
Nanotechnology and the future of sports training
37
Prof. Mohamed Belal Mohamed.belal@alexu.edu.eg www.facebook.com/m7mdbelal +201000005324
Nanotechnology and the future of sports training
38