Animal Cell
There are many different things between the animal and plant cell. The shape of the animal cell is a round, irregular shape while the plant cell is rectangular. The plant cell also has chloroplast since they make their own food but animal cells don't.
Animal Cells By Nili Ivan
There are 100 trillion of us in your body!
We are 10 times larger than prokaryotic cells!
Animal Cell Membrane
Phospholipid Molecule Hydrophilic Heads
The animal cell membrane It helps protect the cell from surroundings. It helps the movement of substances in and out of cells organelles.
Cytoplasm and Cytoskeleton By Zachary Steinbrun The cytoplasm is the liquid all the organelles rest in. It is depicted as the orange background in the picture to the right. The cytoskeleton is labeled as the green lines in the figure to the right. There are many more in a real cell, and they are almost like hairs holding the organelles. There are three main types of the cytoskeleton. Microfilaments are temporary small strands. Intermediate filaments are woven, are stronger, and temporary. Microtubules are the larger types, which double as canals for nutrients
Citations: Khan Academy Staff. "The Cytoskeleton." Khan Academy, www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/structure-of-a-cell/tour-of-organelles/a/the-cytoskeleton. Accessed 9 Nov. 2017. Staff of Khan Academy. "Plasma Membrane and Cytoplasm." Khan Academy, www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/structure-of-a-cell/prokaryotic-and-eukaryoticcells/a/plasma-membrane-and-cytoplasm. Accessed 9 Nov. 2017.
organelles
Microtubules Cytoplasm Microfilaments CYTOPLASM AND CYTOSKELETON Animal Cell
FUNCTION
1. The cytoplasm and cytoskeleton gives the cell its shape and helps hold the organelles in place 2. The cytoplasm helps break down waste and helps metabolic activity 3. They both helps movement of cellular elements
STRUCTUREÂ The cytoplasm is a jell-o like material that is made up of mostly water The cytoskeleton is made out three fibers: microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments
NUCLEUS The nucleus directs cell activities and stores genetic information of the cell in DNA (chromosomes). The nucleolus creates ribosomes. The chromatin is made up of DNA, protein, and RNA. The nuclear envelope protects the nucleus from cellular cytoplasm. The nuclear pores allow some molecules such as ribosomes to move between the nucleus and cytoplasm.
Chromatin Nuclear Envelope/ Nuclear Pores || X | |
Nucleolus
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Chromosomes
The Cell's Power Personal Plant
THE MIGHTY MITOCHONDRIA Everything the cell does requires energy. From Mitosis to the production of proteins. Specifically, it requires ATP, also known as adenosine triphosphate, and it is up to the mitochondria to make it in a process known as aerobic respiration. Each cell may have one to hundreds of them, and their intricate insides show a complex process woven by evolution.
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Each Mitochondria is surrounded by two membranes, splitting it into 2 sections - the matrix and the intermembrane space. The intermembrane area serves to block larger molecules from entering the cell, while the matrix is the command center. The DNA is located in the matrix, along with the sugar and fats. The membrane allows these specific membranes, where the organelle uses proteins to combine these into a metabolic mix that powers the cell and makes us alive.
Ribosomes
Outer Membrane
Matrix
Inner Membrane
Intermembrane Space DNA
MITOCHONDRIA
The Mitochondria is a membrane bound organelle that is in the cytoplasm of most eukaryotic cells. It's main job is to create large amounts of energy in the form of ATP.
LYSOSOMES nucleus
Lysosomes The purpose of the lysosomes is to digest things. They might be used to digest food or break down the cell when it dies. Without the Lysosomes, there would be no way to digest food and waste.
VESICLES Nucleus
Vesicles
This vesicle floats through the cytoplasm to the Golgi and is absorbed. After the Golgi does its work on the molecules, a secretory vesicle is released in the cytoplasm. The vesicle moves to the cell membrane and are released out the cell.
Lysosomes
Membrane
Enzymes
-Lysosomes are used to digest things -Lysosomes can digest food and break down the cell when it dies -Lysosomes are specialized vesicles that hold a variety of Enzymes -The Enzymes are created in the Rough Endoplasmic reticulum and are packaged in the Golgi Apparatus Biology 4 kids. www.biology4kids.com/files/cell_lysosome.html. Accessed 9 Nov. 2017.
GOLGI APPARATUS (ANIMAL)
Vesicles
Golgi body
The Golgi apparatus prepares proteins for their specific functions . Then, it packages them into tiny, embrane bound, ball-like structures called vesicles. Vesicles transport something from one area of the cell to another.
ED, Connect. Jaguar. 7th ed., https://catalog.mcgraw-hill.com/repository/ protected_content/EBOOK/50001140/92/23/ Launch.html?stateCode=FL&page=&mghCourseID=DBVDKL33XEMWNC9B3HX36KNS61# ed., ConnectED. ConnectED Science.
GOLGI APPARATUS The Cis face is the receiving and processing end of the Golgi Vesicles transport Apparatus, it receives and nutrients send signals processes information and through the cell. nutrients. The Trans Face is the end of the Golgi apparatus that takes the information and the nutrients and sends it to different organelles in the cell.
-Aksel O.
Tr an s
Fa ce
Ci sF ac e
Vesicle
The Golgi Bodies are used to receive, process and transport nutrients, and send messages throughout the cell, with the aid of vesicles.
E A N E T
LC
R
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IS V
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The Golgi apparatus transports, modifies, and packages proteins and lipids into vesicles for delivery to targeted destinations. It is located in the cytoplasm next to the endoplasmic reticulum and near the cell nucleus.
Golgi Apparatus Animal Cell
Centriole
They are there to help the cell when it comes time to divide. They are put to work in both the process of mitosis and the process of meiosis. -------->
Centriole
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (ER) ROUGH & SMOOTH The endoplasmic reticulum plays an important part by sending the nucleus messages if there is a problem about proteins.If there is too much protein the ER trys to destory them.If that doesn't work the cell is directed to do apoptosis (programed cell death).The rough ER is named that because of its apperance due to ribosomes attached to it.It's located next to the nucleus and its membrane is attached to it.It tells ribosomes to stay or go to the Golgi apparatus, lysosomes,or to the cell membrane. Others are destined to secretion (production/ release of a useful substance by a glan or cell).The smooth ER however doesn't deal with ribosomes.Its function is dealing with lipids-cholesterol and phospholipids which helps in the production of new cell membrane.In cells of the liver the smooth ER detoxifies harmful drugs/chemicals and regulatescalcium ion in the cytoplasm of skeletal muscle cells. R O G E R S , K A R A . " E N D OBPRL IATSAMN INCI CRAE,T I1 C4 USLEUPMT . ( E R ) . " E N C Y C L O P Æ D I A 2017, WWW.BRITANNICA.COM/SCIENCE/ENDOPLASMICRETICULUM#REF90895. ACCESSED 9 NOV. 2017.
RIBOSOME
Endoplasmic Reticulum Nucleus oth Smo
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Rough
The Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) is a organelle in the eukaryotic cell that from an connected network of membrane enclosed, tube-like sack. Red blood cells do not have an ER. They are two types of the ER; rough and smooth. The rough endoplasmic reticulum is covered with ribosomes. The smooth ER does not have ribosomes and is mostly seen in the liver cell. The ER folds protein molecules and transports them to the Golgi apparatus.
Amino Acid
Growing Peptide Chain Ribosome large subunit (Red)
mRNA (Purple)
tRNA (Green)
tRNA stands for transfer Ribosome small subunit ribonucleic acid (Light Blue) mRNA stands for messenger ribonucleic acid “Biology Cell Ribosome.” The Peptide Chain is a small Duksters Education Site, chain of Amino Acids, Typical www.ducksters.com/science/ peptides are made from protein. biology/cell_ribosome.php. Ribosomes are a type of organelle Accessed 9 Nov. 2017. Ribosomes are like tiny factories in “Peptide.” Scitable, the cell they make proteins for the www.nature.com/scitable/defi cell and carry out important tasks. nition/peptide-317. Accessed RNA which Ribosomes read 9 Nov. 2017. stands for ribonucleic acid Ribosomes By The ribosome moves down the RNA, reading what to attach to. Ben Night