Dairy Planner May Issue -2019

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Mehsana dairy to break away from amulafter 46 years, slicing 10% of gcmmf revenue A latest research provides insights about functional dairy ingredient market Sangram chaudhary appointed new md of mother dairy Global organic dairy products market 2019 – amul, danone, arla foods uk plc, dairy farmers of america inc. (dfa) FDA pune shuts down modern dairy over adulteration How dairy machinery market are made an overview to the future opportunities over the globe Dairy report: tariffs impacting dairy; improved milk price outlook

Vol.16 | No. 5 | May - 2019

From the Pen of Chief Editor

Editorial

Mandatory Food Safety Management in Dairy Products Albeit India is the top scorer in total milk production in the world and having varieties of tasty milk products, which are rarely found in other developed countries, most of the milk handing in India is confined to the unorganized sector of dairying . Naturally the question of health, hygiene and food safety together with shelf life in dairy foods comes in a bigger way despite rigorous dairy policies and regulations adopted by the government .There is a growing concern among consumer about the safety of food and this is the greatest challenge facing most of the food industries today.

Consumer safety becomes a burning question of international concern in the late 1950s. At that time the foods and Agricultural organization (FAO) and the world health organization (WHO) of the United Nations established the codex alimentations commission and published the codex standards with a view to formalizing the world-wide approach to ensure supply of safe food. The necessity was felt during the supply of food to the Astronauts going in a space mission where food safety was the foremost thing to the Astronauts. Under these circumstances HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point) -a method to prevent unsafe food came into being in the food safety management system. HACCP together with prerequisites such as good hygienic practices and good manufacturing practices form the food safety elements, which provide the tools and methods to ensure safe food.

C O N T E N T S NITRITE POISONING IN DAIRY CATTLE

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BODY CONDITION SCORING IS A BEST TOOL FOR DAIRY HERD MANAGEMENT

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WELFARE OF ANIMALS DURING TRANSPORTATION

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MILK: AN ESSENTIAL FOOD IN DAY TO DAY LIFE

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fdyuh ,oa fdyuh tfur jä ijthoh jksx% mipkj o cpko

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NEWS

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Recipe

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Event Calender

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Pixie Consulting Solutions Ltd.

OUR TEAM Vishal Gupta Managing Director vishal@pixie.co.in

N.K. Gupta General Manager + 91 999 170 5005 pcslkarnal@gmail.com

Aparna Marketing Manager + 91 999 170 5007 dairy.pcsl@gmail.com

Website : www.pixie.co.in 04

EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBER Dr. J Tamizhkumaran M.VSc., PGDEP., Ph.D. (Ph. D in Veterinary & Animal Husbandry Extension Education)

Dr. Anjali Aggarwal Principal Scientist Dr. Sanjay K Latkar Alembic Pharmaceuticals Ltd Mumbai Dr. Manisha Singodia (MVSc Poultry Science, Jaipur) Dr. Annanda Das (Ph. D Scholar, WBUAFS, Kolkata) Dr. M. Arul Prakash (MVSc Assistant Professor, Tanjore) Dr. B.L. Saini (Ph. D ICAR, Izatnangar)

C/o OmAng Hotel, Namaste Chowk, Near Janta Petrol Pump, KARNAL - 132001 (Haryana) INDIA Email : dairy.pcsl@gmail.com | info@pixie.co.in Website : www.pixie.co.in

Editorial Policy is Independent. Views expressed by authors are not necessarily those held by the editors.

Registered as Newspaper by Register of Newspaper for India : RNI No. HARBIL/2004/22481 Editorial & Advertisements may not be reproduced without the written consent of the publishers. Whilst every care is taken to ensure the accuracy of the contents of Dairy Planner. The publishers do not accept any responsibility or liability for the material herein.

Publication of news, views and information is in the interest of positive Dairy industrial development in India . It does not imply publisher's endorsement. Unpublished material of industrial interest, not submitted elsewhere, is invited.

The Submitted material will not be returned.

Publisher, Printer : Mr. Vishal Gupta on Behalf of Pixie Consulting Solutions Ltd. Karnal.

Printed at : Jaiswal Printing Press, Jain Market, Railway Road Karnal.

Published at : C/o OmAng Hotel, Namaste Chowk, Near Janta Petrol Pump, KARNAL - 132001 (Haryana) INDIA

Editor-In-Chief : Mr. Vishal Rai Gupta All Legal matters are subject to Karnal.

DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 5 | MAY 2019

NITRITE POISONING IN DAIRY CATTLE juices, industrial effluents and lime stone deposits etc.

Introduction Nitrates are relatively non-toxic as ruminants convert nitrate of the plants into nitrites in the rumen and then ammonia by the action of rumen micro flora which is utilized as source of nitrogen by rumen micro flora for protein synthesis. If the rate of reduction of nitrate to nitrite exceeds to that of nitrite to ammonia then excessive nitrite accumulates in the rumen and gets absorbed into the blood stream and produces toxicity.

Source of Poisoning Ÿ

Excessive ingestion of cer tain nitrates containing plants

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Roots and stems usually contain more nitrate than leaves

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N i t r a te s a re p re s e n t i n h i g h concentrations in soil after contamination from animal excreta and silage etc.

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Plants / crops grown on nitrate rich soil and / or water accumulate higher concentrations of nitrates Use of chemical fertilizers like ammonium and potassium nitrates, weedicide / herbicides (2,4 D) Excessive rain, insufficient light, excessive and persistent frost and drought conditions Low soil pH, low soil temperature and aeration

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Animals receiving roughages alone are more susceptible to toxicity compared to those on concentrate feed rich in carbohydrates

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Young animals are more susceptible to poisoning compared to adults.

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Hypovitaminosis- A , anaemia, methaemoglobinemia and fasting aggravate the toxicity of nitrates and nitrites Monensin facilitates the conversion of nitrate to nitrite in the rumen and may result in poisoning in cattle or sheep on high nitrate fodder

Poor development of mammary tissue

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Infertility in adults

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Lower birth weight in newly born lambs or calves if dam is exposed to nitrite during pregnancy

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Ewes show hypothyroidism and hypovitaminosis -A

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Other common signs are ataxia, tremors, shaking, immunos u p p re s s i o n , i n c re a s e i n t h e incidence of mastitis, metritis and diarrhoea in calves and piglets etc.S

Dyspnoea with violent respiratory effects or gasping

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Rapid respiration

Postmor tem lesion-MORTEM LESIONS

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Salivation, voiding of colorless urine, vomiting, diarrhoea

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Dark chocolate brown or coffee brown colour of blood, it clots poorly

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Colic

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Blood stained tissues

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Rapid and weak pulse, accelerated heart rate

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Haemorrhages in lungs

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Progressive development of cyanosis

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Congestion and inflammation of intra-abdominal organs

Muscular weakness, ataxia, recumbence, terminal anoxic convulsions

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Petechial and large haemorrhages on the serous surfaces

Death within 2-24 hrs

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Generalized cyanosis

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Bluish discoloration of the mucous membranes and unpigmented areas of the body

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Blood stained pericardial fluid

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Viral infection of plants etc. favour accumulation of higher concentration of nitrates in plants

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Ingestion of nitrate fer tilizers (ammonium or potassium nitrate)

Chronic Poisoning

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Consumption of nitrate rich water from shallow surface well and ponds, animal wastes, sewage, p re s e r ve d f o o d l e f t a t ro o m temperature for long time, silo

Abortion

Acute Poisoning

Deficiency of molybdenum, sulphur, phosphorus, iron etc. in soil

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Clinical signs

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regular and frequent ingestion of plants or fodder rich in nitrates (e.g. rape seed, cabbage, brassica, rye grass) or of hay contaminated with wild plants (e.g. Amaranthus, Chenopodium or fat hen)

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Diagnosis Ÿ

History

Chocolate brown colour of blood

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Clinical signs

In pregnant animals it may induce abortion

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Chocolate brown colour of blood and tissue

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Post mortem findings if there is mortality

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Analysis of the stomach/ ruminal and intestinal contents for nitrate / nitrite detection

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Detection of nitrite in the urine

Seen in poorly nourished animals drinking high nitrate content water contaminated with chemicals and organic fertilizers, domestic waste waters, industrial effluents etc. or

DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 5 | MAY 2019

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Estimation of meth-Hb and serum nitrite levels (serum positive diphenylamine spot test; 20 µg/ml nitrate).

In dead animals, positive diphenylamine spot test with ocular fluid indicating >50 µg/ml nitrate for confirmation of diagnosis

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Response to methylene blue treatment

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Diphenylamine spot test on fodder

Samples to be collected

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other forages or feedstuffs which

Prevention and control Ÿ

Dilute high nitrate forages with

Do not harvest green fodder or pasture 10-14 days after rain or drought stressed crops

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Provide balanced ration

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Ensiling forage reduces nitrate levels approximately 505 ppm during the 30-60 days fermentation process

are low in nitrates Ÿ

Administration of methylene blue intravenously @1-4 % in 5 % dextrose @ 1g of methylene blue/ 100 kg b.w. and the same dose is repeated within 20-30 minutes

K. Manimaran*, S. Balakrishnan, A. Sangeetha and M. Dhanalakshmi Department of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology Veterinary College and Research Institute, TANUVAS, Orathanadu

for low, Medium and High

fat Ice-Cream. Ice-Cream Application Lab and Manufacturing Plant

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DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 5 | MAY 2019

BODY CONDITION SCORING IS A BEST TOOL FOR DAIRY HERD MANAGEMENT Body Condition Scoring (BCS) Body-condition scoring is a method of evaluating fatness or thinness of dairy cows according to a five-point scale.

Body condition influences productivity, reproduction, health, and longevity of the dairy cow. Thinness or fatness can be a clue to underlying nutritional deficiencies, health problems, or improper herd management. Body condition scoring of the milking herd and dry cows on a routine basis is an excellent tool to help manage the herd more effectively and reduce the incidence of metabolic disorders at calving. Body-condition scoring is also useful in dair y heifer feeding management. The purpose of body condition scoring is to achieve a balance between economic feeding, good production and good welfare.

Thin heifers may not grow rapidly enough to reach puberty by 13 to 15 months of age. They may also be too small to calve at 23 to 25 months or to carry enough weight to maintain a normal first lactation. On the other hand, fat heifers have been shown to produce less milk when they enter the milking herd, especially if they have been fat at puberty.

Scoring consistently requires handling cattle in order to assess body reserves but an overall visual inspection is also important. The scoring system is designed to cover all cattle but some allowance should be made for different breeds. The scoring method involves a manual assessment of the thickness of fat cover and prominence of bone at the tail head and loin area. You should stand directly behind the cow to score both areas and always handle the animal quietly and carefully using the same hand. The tail head is scored by feeling for the amount of fat around the tail head and the prominence of the pelvic bones. The loin is scored by feeling the horizontal and vertical projections of the vertebrae and the amount of fat in-between.

Score of 1 (very poor body condition)

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Individual short ribs can be felt but are not prominent.

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Ends of ribs are sharp to the touch but have a thicker covering of flesh.

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Short ribs do not have as distinct an "overhanging shelf" effect.

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Individual bones in the chine, loin, and rump regions are not visually distinct but are easily distinguished by touch.

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Individual short ribs have a thin covering of flesh.

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Bones of the chine, loin, and rump regions are prominent.

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Hook and pin bones protrude sharply, with a very thin covering of flesh and

Hook and pin bones are prominent, but the depression between them is less severe.

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Area below tail head and between pin bones is somewhat depressed, but the bony structure has some covering of flesh.

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Deep depressions between bones. Deep cavity under tail and around tail head (between pin bones)

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Bony structure protrudes sharply, and ligaments and vulva are prominent.

How to evaluate body condition The most common system used for body condition score consists of five points. On a five-point scale, a score of 1 denotes a very thin cow, while 5 denote an excessively fat cow. These are extreme scores and should be avoided.

The average, 3, is the most desirable for the majority of the herd. A score with a plus or minus indicates a borderline body condition. For accurate scoring, both visual and tactile appraisals are necessar y. The following figure illustrates the dairy cow's major bone and muscle groups and shows the areas of concern in scoring.

Body condition score 2 (poor body condition)

Body condition score 3 (good body condition) Ÿ

Ends of short ribs can be felt by applying slight pressure.

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Short ribs appear smooth and the overhanging shelf effect is not so noticeable.

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The backbone appears as a rounded ridge; firm pressure is necessary to feel individual bones.

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Hook and pin bones are rounded and smooth.

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Area between pin bones and around tail head appears smooth, without signs of fat deposit.

DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 5 | MAY 2019

Conclusion

Body condition score 4 (fat) Ÿ

Individual short ribs are distinguishable only by firm palpation.

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Short ribs appear flat or rounded, with no overhanging shelf effect.

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Ridge formed by backbone in chine region is rounded and smooth.

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Loin and rump regions appear flat.

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Hooks are rounded and the span between them is flat.

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Area of tail head and pin bones is rounded, with evidence of fat deposit.

that at the time of drying-off, they reach a BCS of 3.5. It is easier and more efficient for cow to gain weight during late lactation than during the dry period. Therefore, cows should also score 3.5 at parturition. If cows enter the dry period with a BCS of less than 3.5, extra energy should be fed to get the BCS needed. However, the dry period is not long enough to get more than 0.5.

Do not over-condition dry cows and on the other hand, do not force cows to lose weight during the dry period.

Body condition scoring can be an important tool in dair y herd management. In scoring a cow, the tail head and loin are the major areas to evaluate. Target scores help determine what condition to aim for during the different stages of lactation. If done on a regular basis, body condition scoring can improve dairy herd nutrition, health, and production. Proper conditioning, then, can be accomplished by body condition scoring, paying close attention to the animals, and ensuring that their nutrient requirements are being met, but not exceeded.

Dr. V. Boopathi¹, Dr. K. Rajkumar² and Dr. G.H. Hudson³ ¹Assistant Professor, Department of Livestock Production Management, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Namakkal, ²&³Assistant Professor, Department of Livestock Production Management, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu, Thanjavur

Score of 5 (very fat) Ÿ

Bony structures of backbone, short ribs, and hook and pin bones are not apparent; subcutaneous fat deposit very evident.

Tail head appears to be buried in fatty tissue.

Appropriate body condition score The appropriate BCS depends on stage of lactation. Cows in early lactation can lose between 60-80 kg in early lactation. However, a body weight loss in excess of one kg per day may indicate possibility of metabolic disorders. Cows should gain weight in late lactation so 09

DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 5 | MAY 2019

WELFARE OF ANIMALS DURING TRANSPORTATION Introduction The need to transport animals occurs essentially in commercial agriculture and to a lesser extent in the rural or subsistence sector. These animals need to be moved for a number of reasons including marketing, slaughter, re-stocking, from drought areas to better grazing and change of ownership.

Typically, methods used to move animals are on hoof, by road motor vehicle, by rail, on ship and by air. Generally the majority of livestock in developing countries are moved by trekking on the hoof, by road and rail. Historically, livestock has been moved on foot, but with increasing urban-isation of the population and commercialisation of animal production, livestock transport by road and rail vehicles has surpassed this.

Transport of livestock is undoubtedly the most stressful and injurious stage in the chain of operations between farm and slaughterhouse and contributes significantly to poor animal welfare and loss of production.

Effects of transport Poor transportation can have serious deleterious effects on the welfare of livestock and can lead to significant loss of quality and production.

Effects of transport and movement include: Stress Bruising Trampling Suffocation Heart failure Heat stroke Sun burn Bloat Poisoning Predation

standards of animal husbandr y and handling of animals undertaking a journey by road, rail, air or sea. This Code is intended as a guideline for the people who are involved in transport of animals.

This Code takes account of following principles a) That there is a critical relationship between animal health and animal welfare. b) That the use of animals carries with it an ethical responsibility to ensure the welfare of such animals to the greatest extent practicable. c) That the internationally recognized 'five freedoms' (freedom from hunger, thirst and malnutrition; freedom from fear and distress; freedom from physical and thermal discomfort; freedom from pain, injury and disease; and freedom to express normal patterns of behaviour) provide valuable guidance in animal welfare.

All animal transport creates some degree of stress; therefore unnecessary transport should be avoided. Any transport that is necessary shall be carried out in a way that minimizes stress, pain and sufferings. In particular the following conditions shall be complied with: a) All necessary arrangements must be made in advance to minimize the length of the journey and meet the animal's needs during the journey;

be regularly checked and appropriately maintained; f) Sufficient floor area, height and other spacing requirements must be provided for the animals, appropriate to their size and the intended journey; g) Water, feed and rest must be offered to the animals at suitable intervals and should be appropriate in quality and quantity to their species, size and age Minimizing Stress Stress is a cumulative response of an animal to its surroundings and may result in severe behavioural and physiological effects.

Animals of different species and breeds may vary in their susceptibility to stress as many individuals of the same species or breed due to their temperament and past experiences.

Fig.1: Wrong method of transportation Ÿ

Animals may be stressed by being gathered together and held ready for transport and those unaccustomed to handling, are likely to be the most severely affected.

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Sensitive and sensible animal handling and care should be practiced in order to reduce stress to individual animals and those nearby.

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Animals brought to loading and handling facilities should be moved as carefully as possible so that their condition is maintained for transport.

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Extremes of weather will increase the stressful effects of handling and transport.

b) Animals must be fit for the intended journey; c) Means of transport as well as the loading and unloading facilities must be designed, constructed, maintained and operated so as to avoid injury and suffering and ensure the safety of the animals;

Dehydration 26 27 Exhaustion Injuries Fighting

Animal welfare principles (Transport of animals –code of practice) General principles This Code strives to promote acceptable 10

d) People that handle animals must be trained and competent as appropriate for this purpose and must carry out their tasks without using violence or any method likely to cause unnecessary fear, injury or suffering;

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e) Transport must be carried out without delay to the place of destination and the welfare conditions of the animals must

The welfare of animals during transport by road and rail is the joint responsibility of all people involved.

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Keepers of animals are responsible for

1. Transport of livestock by land (road and rail) Responsibilities

DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 5 | MAY 2019

the careful selection of livestock for their fitness for the journey, and their welfare during the journey. They also share responsibility with transporters for ensuring compliance with any required veterinary or other certification and for the presence during the journey of at least one animal handler competent with the species being transported and with the authority to take prompt action. Ÿ

Business agents or buying/selling agents have joint responsibility with keepers for the selection of animals that are fit to travel.

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Animal handlers shall be responsible for the humane handling and care of the animals, especially during loading and unloading. In the absence of a separate animal handler the driver is considered to be the animal handler.

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Transporters shall be responsible for planning the journey to ensure the care and welfare of the animals during transport until discharged at the place of destination.

Transporters shall be responsible for selection of appropriate vehicles or containers for the species being transported and their maintenance.

They are also responsible for ensuring that the animal handlers they use have been properly trained.

Transporters shall be responsible for t h e preparation of any required documentation including contingency plans in the event of any emerg-encies and for journey plans for long haul journeys.

Transporters have the right to refuse to transport animals. They must refuse to transport any animal they consider unfit and should ask for a veterinary opinion in writing where doubt exists.

welfare of the animals being conveyed.

Should any difficulties arise which are outside the competence of the animal handler assistance, should be sought.

2. Transport by Rail Ÿ

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Each loaded wagon should be provided with at least one animal handler to look after the animals. They must have the authority and be able to communicate with the driver of the train to stop or delay the transport in order to care for the animals.

The Railway Board is responsible for ensuring fire precautions are strictly obser ved. No smoking shall be permitted. Fire fighting equipment shall accompany the transport.

An animal with any leg broken shall not be transported except under the supervision of a veterinary surgeon to a place of further treatment or slaughter.

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Animals, blind in one eye, that are other wise fit to travel may be transported provided they travel

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Transporters have a responsibility for animals that are accepted for transport and shall refuse to transport animals they consider to be unfit to travel. A written veterinary opinion should be obtained where any doubt exists about the fitness of any animal to travel.

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Veterinary officials shall at least follow the requirements laid down in Annex A when determining whether an animal is tit to travel.

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Proper arrangements should be made by the owner or agent for the handling and care of animals rejected at loading as unsuitable for transport. Where an animal is not fit to travel and is experiencing pain, suffering or distress immediate veterinary assistance must be ordained for the animal or it must be humanely destroyed without delay as described in.

Animal handlers are responsible for complying with tire safety rules.

Fitness to Travel Ÿ

Owners of animals or their agents have are responsibility to select only fit and healthy animals for transport and those best suited to cope with the distance and the nature of the journey. The following points should be taken into account when selecting animals for transport:

Emergency Transport The following points should be considered while taking a decision to transport an animal in an emergency:

a) Body condition

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b) C l i n i c a l e v i d e n c e of d i s e a s e o r parasitism,

Animal should arrive at the destination in a state similar to that when loaded,

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There should be little likelihood that transpor t will cause the animal significant additional pain, suffering or distress,

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Nature and duration of the journey should be taken into account (it should be as short as possible), and need for separation, bedding and or padding and any other appropriate supportive treatment should be considered.

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Sick with another animal from an established social group and will not suffer unnecessary distress. Animals which are blind in both eyes are unfit to transport.

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Transporters have a responsibility for animals that are accepted for transport and shall refuse to transport animals

c) Injuries or other physical defects d) Stage of pregnancy, and e) Age. Ÿ

Drivers and animal handlers shall be responsible for loading animals which are fit to travel and the animals care and welfare during transport.

Drivers and animal handlers shall be responsible for frequent inspection of animals during the journey. They must assist distressed or injured animals immediately, as soon as they become aware of a problem affecting the

When animals are transported by rail, the Railway Board is considered to be the transporter and should comply with the responsibilities.

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An animal which is unfit shall not be transported. In particular animals which are new born (where the navel has not healed), diseased, emaciated, lame, fatigued, or having given birth during the preceding 72 h or likely to give birth during transport shall not be transported.

Animals shall be able to stand and bear weight on all four limbs. To bear weight means that the animal must be able to take weight on all four limbs without suffering unnecessary pain or distress to stabilize itself during transport.

DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 5 | MAY 2019

they consider to be unfit to travel. A written veterinary opinion should be obtained where any doubt exists about the fitness of any animal to travel. Ÿ

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Animals should not be rushed when being moved, loaded or unloaded.

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Painful procedures (including whipping, tail twisting, use of nose twitches, pressure on eyes, ears or external genitalia) or the use of sticks with sharp ends, lengths of metal pipe or leather belts shall not be used.

Veterinary officials shall at least follow the requirements laid down in Annex A when determining whether an animal is fit to travel.

Proper arrangements should be made by the owner or agent for the handling and care of animals rejected at loading as unsuitable for transport. Where an animal is not fit to travel and is experiencing pain, suffering or distress immediate veterinary assistance must be ordained for the animal or it must be humanely destroyed without delay

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There will be occasions where an animal that would not normally be selected for transport may be transported in an emergency for further treatment or slaughter in order to relieve pain, suffering and distress.

Animals requiring emergency transport must only be handled on to the vehicle in a way which causes no significant or lasting pain, injury or distress; where possible under veterinary supervision.

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Sick or Injured Animals in Transit Ÿ

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When animals become ill or are injured during transport, they should be separated from others and receive appropriate treatment as soon as possible.

Veterinary first-aid equipment, with an attendant trained in rendering first-aid, shall accompany all batches of animals.

When euthanasia or slaughter is necessar y at any point during transportation or at a rest stop or assembly centre it should be carried veterinarian or suitably trained individual.

Handling Ÿ

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In a new situation or location, all normal, healthy animals whilst being alert and inquisitive may behave very differently to how they would normally within familiar surroundings. Animals should be handled by competent people who understand basic animal behaviour and are able to apply it practically when they handle and care for animals.

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Animals shall not be lifted or dragged by their tail, head, horns, ears, limbs, wool or hair. Manual lilting of small animals is permitted provided it is done in a way that causes no pain, distress or suffering. Animals shall not be thrown, dropped.

Any goad, stick or other handling aid shall only be used where animals have refused to move forward when there is room for them to do so. The use of electric prods is discouraged for all species; should only be used on the hindquarters of adult cattle and shall not be applied to the head, genitalia or any other sensitive part of the body.

Permitted handling aids such as flags, bags or sacks should be used in a way that is sufficient to encourage and direct forward movement but without physical contact with the animal. Rump straps (easy- Loaders) can be used for animals that are reluctant to load.

Injurious objects or irritant substances shall not be applied to any part of the animal as a means of getting the animal to move.

3. Transport of animals by sea The documentation accompanying the consignment should include a) Journey travel plan b) Time, date and place of loading c) Journey logbook — a daily record of inspection and important events which includes records of morbidity and mortality, climatic conditions, food and water consumed, medication provided, mechanical defects

g) Details of animals at risk h) Number of animal handlers on board, and their competencies i) Stocking density estimate for each load in the consignment. j) Veterinary certification should accompany consignments of animals address and the following a) Cleaning and disinfection of the vessel b) Fitness of the animals to travel c) Animal identification (description, number, etc) and d) Health status including tests, treatment Sick and Injured Animals Ÿ

Sick or injured animals should be segregated/ isolated.

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Sick or injured animals should be treated promptly and appropriately, and veterinary advice should be sought if necessary. All drugs and products should be used in accordance with the manufacturer's or veterinarian's recommendations.

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Animal handlers must inform the veterinary official in attendance of any sick or injured animals and veterinarians must actively look out for sick and injured animals and take immediate appropriate action.

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A record of treatments carried out and their outcomes should be kept.

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When euthanasia is necessary, it must be conducted by a veterinarian or other person(s) competent in euthanasia procedures. The person responsible for the animals must ensure that euthanasia is carried out humanely, and results in immediate death.

4. Transport of animals by air General Conditions All animal acceptance carried by air carriers must adhere to the International Air Transport Association (IATA) Regulations.

d) Expected time, date and place of arrival and unloading e) Veterinary certification, when required f) Animal identification to allow trace back of individual animals to the premises of departure, and, where possible, to the premises of origin

Fig.2: Transportation of animal by air DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 5 | MAY 2019

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When arranging carriage with the consignor, care must be taken to ensure that the animals can be carried in the aircraft operating the particular service.

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Consignments should not be accepted for carriage where lengthy delays are likely to occur en route unless special and suitable arrangements have been made by the consignor for immediate collection on arrival and care of the animal during any transit stops.

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The airport/office that desiring to send the consignment must send details of the consignment to the destination office/airport and any transhipment airports prior to shipment and await their acknowledgment before sending the consignment.

restrict the movement of the horse and will ensure that liquids are deflected into the container o) Ensure horses cannot bite other animals; be constructed to resist kicking p) Have no fittings or projections in the area likely to be kicked, metal plates should be covered with a protective material; ramps shall be non-skid in nature, have foot battens, and be of a maximum slope of 25 degrees when the container is on a standard 5 0 c m (20 in.) dolly and not have a step up or down of more than 25 cm (10 in.).

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Horses should be transported in containers and be separated from each other if they are more than 145 cm (57 in.) in height.

Horse crates - Crates used to transport horses should: a) Be strong enough to prevent unruly horses from breaking or escaping from the c o n t a i n e r u n d e r a n y circumstances b) In the case of multi-horse containers, have partitions of sufficient strength and size to separate the horses and to support each horse's weight c)

Adjust to allow mare and foal to travel together

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Provide the same percentage of open space for ventilation as requireddivided

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However, if the access doors are constructed in such a manner that they may be left o pen during the flight, the door space may be included in the ventilation space

t) Be constructed to minimize noise

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m)Have a secure point for restraining devices n) Have a front and rear barrier that will 14

Crate design and shipment planning should recognize that swine are extremely susceptible to high heat and humidity and that they normally carry their head near the floor.

Attention should be paid to ensure air can move through the crate, in accordance with the aircraft's ventilation pattern and capacity to remove heat.

Crate construction should take into consideration the tendency for mature swine to chew.

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Adult bulls should be transported separately unless they have been accustomed to each other. Cattle with and without horns should be separated from each other.

Other Species Ÿ

Animals that normally exhibit a herding instinct, including buffalo and deer, can be shipped in group containers providing the mental and physical characteristics of the species are taken into consideration.

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All crates used to move such animals should have a roof or other method of preventing the animals from escaping.

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Animals, in which the horns or antler c a n n o t b e re m o ve d , s h o u l d b e transported individually.

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Deer should not be transported in velvet or in rut.

Heavily pregnant animals should not be carried except under exceptional circumstances. Pregnant animals should not be accepted when the last service or exposure to a male prior to departure has exceeded the following time given here for guidance only:

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In order to reduce fighting, swine shipped in group pens should be housed together as a group prior to shipment and not be mixed with other swine before loading on the aircraft.

Where service dates or date of last exposure to a male are not available, the animals should be examined by a veterinarian to ensure that pregnancy is not so advanced that animals are likely to give birth during transport or suffer unnecessarily.

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Mature boars and incompatible females should be shipped in individual crates.

Any animal showing udder engorgement and slackening of the pelvic ligament should be refused.

Preparation of Animals

Litter should be dust-free, shavings or other non-toxic materials may be used but not saw dust.

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Containers for immature swine should only be constructed when flight is imminent, since rapid growth can result in undersized containers, if the flight is delayed.

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Ÿ

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Individual crates should be 20 cm (8 in.) longer than the body, 15 cm (6 in.) higher than the loin of the pig and of sufficient width, to allow the pigs to lie on their side.

Cattle Ÿ

Guidelines for Pregnant Animals Ÿ

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h) Allow access to the head during the flight k) Have the front end notched and padded to accept the neck of the animal

Have at least one ventilation opening 20-25 cm (8-10 in.) above the floor which is of such width that it will not cause injuries to the feet.

Swine

Horses Ÿ

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If multi-tiered or roofed, have at least 33 percent of the roof and four walls as open space and

a) Vaccination must be done far enough in advance of the departure date to allow for immunity to develop. b) Veterinary certification and serological testing must be arranged several weeks in advance of livestock shipment c) Many animals require acclimat-ization before d) They are transported. Animals such as DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 5 | MAY 2019

swine and wild herbivores must be separated and held in the groups that will occupy containers.

Tranquilization Experience has shown that there is considerable risk in sedating animals transported by air. Tranquilizers reduce the ability of the animals to respond to stress during transpor tation. In addition, the reaction of various species to tranquilization cannot always be foreseen. For these reasons, routine tranquilization is not recommended.

Conclusions

Ÿ

Tranquilizers should be admini-stered by a veterinarian or by a person who has been instructed in their use. Persons using these drugs should understand the full implications of the effects of the drug in air transport, for example certain animals such as horses and elephants should not go down in containers. Drugs should only be administered during the flight with the knowledge and consent of the captain.

During transportation animals suffer from travelling stress and different types of injuries which compromise animal welfare, decrease production, reduce quality of meat, economic losses in terms of treatment and production, even it can cause death in more severe cases. Hence necessary measures should be taken while transferring animals by any means for maintaining welfare as well as for good production.

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It is not necessary to sedate every animal

Ÿ

e) Mixing of such animals immediately before or during transport is extremely stressing and should be avoided.

Incompatible animals should be transported singly.

Feed and Water Ÿ

On long journeys, animals must be fed and watered. Most animals require watering at regular intervals and normally the supply of water is more important than solid food.

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Airlines should keep a supply of canned and dried pet food at cargo terminals.

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Animals should not be removed from containers for feeding purposes unless they are in an escape-proof area.

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If, after the journey commences, a delay in carriage arises from disrupted services, it is the responsibility y of the office at the point of disruption to ensure that the animals concerned are properly fed and watered and suitable arrangements for custody made.

15

05

before transport by air. The owner should seek veterinary advice and if sedation is prescribed the sedative should be administered no more than 1 h before acceptance for carriage. Ÿ

In all cases, when tranquilizers are used, a note should be attached to the container stating the generic name of the drug used the dose and the time given.

Dr. Prachurya Biswal¹*, Dr. Arun Somagond¹, Dr. Seema Yadav¹, Priyanka Patoliya², Dr. Susheel Kumar², Dr. Sunil mohapatra³ and Dr. S. Deepika² ¹PhD Scholar, LPM Division, ICAR-IVRI, Izzatnagar, Bareilly, ²MVSc Scholar, ICAR- NDRI, Karnal, 3 PhD Scholar, ICAR- NDRI, Karnal

DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 5 | MAY 2019

MILK: AN ESSENTIAL FOOD IN DAY TO DAY LIFE

Milk is a white liquid produced from the mammary glands of mammals. All mammals, including humans, will normally produce milk to feed their offspring until they are ready for solid food.It contains valuable nutrients, and it can offer a range of health benefits.

Cow's milk has long been associated with good health, making it one of the most consumed beverages throughout the world.However, some people are not able to digest lactose, the sugar in milk, after they are weaned, because they do not produce enough of an enzyme known as lactase. Lactase is needed to digest milk properly.As concerns about lactose intolerance and milk allergies widen, a range of substitute milks, such as almond and soy milk, have become available.

Health benefits of milk Ÿ

Ÿ

Ÿ

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Maintaining a healthy amount of muscle is important for supporting metabolism and paying to weight loss and weight maintenance.

Sufficient dietary protein is needed to preserve or increase lean muscle mass. Dairy protein can support muscle growth and repair.

Osteoarthritis of the knee currently has no cure, but researchers say drinking milk every day has been linked to reduced progression of the disease.

Cow's milk is a source of potassium, which can enhance vasodilation and reduce blood pressure.

Vitamin D might play a role in cell growth regulation and cancer protection. Research shows that there is a higher risk of dying from colorectal cancer in geographic locations that receive the least amount of sunlight. Milk, too, contains vitamin D that can offer similar protection.

Ÿ

Cow's milk is designed to help baby

calcium absorption in the small intestine and magnesium helps the body incorporate calcium into the bones.

A cup of skim milk contains around 306 milligrams of calcium, with around 32% of this calcium thought to be absorbed.

Non-acidifying plant sources of calcium may be preferable for some people, with the absorption of calcium from kale, broccoli and other vegetables ranging from 40 to 64 percent.

Choline: Milk is also a rich source of choline, an important nutrient found to support sleep, muscle movement, learning and memory. Choline helps to maintain the structure of cellular membranes, aids in the transmission of ner ve impulses, assists in the absorption of fat and can lessen chronic inflammation.

One cup of milk is considered one serving. The nutritional content of milk depends mainly on the fat content.

Potassium: An optimal intake of potassium is associated with a reduced risk of stroke, heart disease, high blood pressure, protection against loss of muscle mass, preservation of bone mineral density and reduction in the formation of kidney stones. A high potassium intake is associated with a 20% decreased risk of dying from all causes.The recommended daily intake of potassium for all adults is 4,700 mg per day.

Important nutrients in milk include:

A cup of cow's milk contains around 366 mg of potassium, although the unpleasant digestive effects of lactose intolerance, such as diarrhoea, can lead to potassium depletion.

Nutritional content of milk and milk alternatives

Milk is a rich source of calcium, a mineral essential for healthy bones and teeth. Cow's milk is fortified with vitamin D, which also benefits bone health. Calcium and vitamin D help prevent osteoporosis.

Ÿ

16

cows grow fast, so it makes sense that humans who drink cow's milk can also bulk up quickly. Cow's milk is a rich source of high-quality protein, containing all of the essential amino acids. Whole milk is also a rich source of energy in the form of saturated fat, which can prevent muscle mass being used for energy.

Calcium: Dairy products like milk are one of the richest dietary sources of calcium. Calcium primary job is the development and maintenance of healthy bones and teeth. Calcium is also important for blood clotting and wound healing, maintaining normal blood pressure, and muscle contractions including heartbeat. It is important to try to pair calcium-rich foods with sources of magnesium and vitamin D, as vitamin D supports

Vitamin D (Fortified): Vitamin D is not naturally present in cow's milk, but it may be added alongside other nutrients to fortify cow's milk, soy milk, almond milk, and other types. Vitamin D is important for bone health. It aids in the formation, growth, and repair of bones. It also plays an important role in calcium absorption and immune function. Vitamin D deficiency has been DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 5 | MAY 2019

associated with osteoporosis, depression, chronic fatigue, muscle pain, hypertension, and breast and colon cancer. Milk is also fortified with numerous vitamins, including vitamins A and D. It may also contain small amounts of vitamin B2, or riboflavin, vitamin B12, and around 0.1 milligrams per cup of vitamin B6. Magnesium and phosphorus may also be present. Some of these vitamins, especially A and riboflavin, are destroyed by exposure to light, so milk stored in transparent containers will have lower nutrient levels.

To encourage the consumption of cow's milk, manufacturers have created new products, including flavored varieties like strawberry or chocolate, lactosefree milks, milk with added omega-3, hormone free or organic milks and reduced fat milk. However, consumers should remember that some flavored milks can contain high amounts of sugar. It is a good idea to check the labels of foods when looking for healthy options.

Concerns and precautions Lactose intolerance is a condition in which a person lacks the enzyme lactase, which is needed to break down the sugar found in milk for proper digestion. Some people, who do not produce enough lactase, cannot tolerate lactose beyond infancy. Lactose intolerance can lead to bloating, flatulence or diarrhea when consuming milk and milk products. The negative effects of lactose intolerance on the gastrointestinal system may compromise absorption of nutrients from other foods.Drinking lactose-free milk, which has added enzymes to help with lactose digestion, or taking a lactase supplement when consuming milk may ease or eliminate these symptoms.

Milk allergy or hypersensitivity is different from lactose intolerance. It refers to an abnormal immunologic reaction in which the body's immune system produces an allergic antibody, called immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibody.A cow's milk allergy can cause 17

symptoms such as wheezing and asthma, diarrhea, vomiting, and g a s t ro i n te s t i n a l d i s t re s s . O t h e r reactions include eczema, an itchy rash, and rhinitis, or inflammation in the nose. In severe cases, it can lead to bleeding, pneumonia, and even a n a p h y l a x i s , a p o te n t i a l l y f a t a l hypersensitivity reaction.

Overconsumption of potassium or phosphorus, both of which exist in high levels in milk, can harm those whose kidneys are not fully functional. If the kidneys cannot remove excess potassium or phosphorus from the blood, it could be fatal. Overconsumption of calcium is rare with food intake alone, but it can cause unwanted side effects such as constipation, kidney stones, or kidney failure. This may be a risk when taking calcium supplements.

Excess calcium may also increase the risk of calcium deposition in the arteries, raising the risk of heart disease, especially when magnesium intake is low. The tolerable upper intake level of calcium is 2.5 grams per day for healthy individuals over the age of 1 year.

The cow's milk is not recommended for infants under 1 year of age. This is partly because cow's milk is low in iron compared with human breast milk.

There is also a risk of gastrointestinal bleeding. Breastmilk is the best choice of milk for infants under 1 year.

Introducing cow's milk too early may predispose them to a lactose allergy in future. This recommendation also stems from evidence that consumption of dairy products in infancy is linked to the development of insulin-dependent (type 1 or childhood-onset) diabetes.

Cow's milk may also contain residues of hormones and antibiotics, as well as dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). These substances can have a negative impact on human health, including adverse effects on the nervous system, reproductive system, a n d i m m u n e s y s te m . T h e y m a y potentially raise the risk of certain types of cancer.

While calcium and vitamin D from cow's milk can benefit bone health, there is also some evidence that animal proteins in the diet, for example, from cow's milk, have an acidifying effect.

This could have a negative impact on bone health by causing the body to pull calcium from the bones to restore optimal blood pH levels.As such, the net benefit of calcium in cow's milk may be much lower than is usually expected.

Plant-based sources of calcium, such as green leafy vegetables, are more effectively absorbed and used than calcium derived from cow's milk.

A n y o n e w h o h a s a n a l l e rg y o r intolerance to cow's milk, or who is considering avoiding cow's milk for ethical or environmental reasons, can find out more about some of the milk alternatives here.

Dairy milk substitutes The dairy milk available in the stores comes from mammals, such as cows, goats, sheep, and camels. It contains a variety of nutrients and has long been associated with a number of health benefits. Recently, however, some people have started avoiding animalderived milk due to health and other concerns.These include allergies and lactose intolerance, concerns over hormones in the milk, a possible increase in the risk of certain cancers and diabetes, and ethical issues regarding the use of animals.As a result, various types of non-standard dairy milk and non-dairy milk substitutes are now available. Each has a different nutritional profile, flavor, colour, and texture. Non-dairy products are derived DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 5 | MAY 2019

check the package before buying.

Almond milk may be used in ice creams and other items. Other nut milks include cashew, hazelnut, and walnut milk.

from plant sources such as nuts, seeds, and grains. a) Soy milk: Soy milk is a popular alternative to dairy milk. It is made from the extract of soybeans, and it comes in sweetened, unsweetened, and flavored varieties, such as chocolate and vanilla.

Like cow's milk, soy milk is often fortified with calcium, vitamins A and D, and riboflavin, and it has 7 to 10 g of protein per serving. This makes it the most similar alternative to cow's milk in terms of nutrition profile. One 8-ounce cup of cow milk and plain soy milk contains the following nutrients: b) Almond milk: Almond milk is made from ground almonds, water, and, in most cases, a sweetener. It may also be fortified with vitamins and minerals. It has a creamy texture, similar to that of dairy milk. An 8-ounce serving of one particular brand of almond milk would provide around 8.5 grams of protein, less than the amount found in dairy milk and soy milk. Almonds contain a high amount of vitamin E. Fortified almond milk may contain vitmain E if it is fortified, but it has more water than almonds. It is better to eat almonds to get the benefits of vitamin E. Unless fortified, almond milk lacks the vitamins, minerals, and fatty acids that are present in dairy milk. Because of this, it is not a suitable alternative to breast milk or formula for infants.

Depending on how much sugar is added, it may contain fewer calories than cow's milk. Different brands also contain different amounts of almonds and added nutrients, so it is best to 18

c) Rice milk: Rice milk may be useful for people who are susceptible to allergies.

It is often free from soy, gluten, and nuts. However, anyone who has an allergy should check the label before consuming it. It is made from boiled rice, brown rice syrup, and brown rice starch. It is high in carbohydrates and low in protein, compared with dairy milk. The number of calories will depend on whether or not it is sweetened. One 8-ounce cup of cow milk and unsweetened rice milk contains the following nutrients: d) Coconut Milk: Coconut milk may be the milk alternative with a texture closest to that of whole milk. It is relatively high in fat, with about 5 g of saturated fat per serving. As it is naturally soy and gluten-free, coconut milk is often a good choice for those with multiple food allergies, although it is important to check that it was produced in a facility free from such allergens. Along with most nut milks, coconut milk works well in baked goods because of its nutty flavor. Although it has a similar texture to dairy milk, its nutritional profile is different.

Depending on the brand and the ingredients, it will probably contain less protein than dairy milk. d) Hemp milk: Hemp milk is another option for those allergic to soy, nuts, and gluten. It is made from hulled hemp seeds, water, and, in most cases, sweeteners. It is a good source of protein and has an excellent fatty acid profile, but it is relatively low in calcium, unless fortified.

Other non-dairy alternatives Ÿ

Quinoa milk

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Flax milk

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Oat milk

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Potato milk

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7-grain milk, from oats, rice, wheat, barley, triticale, spelt, and millet

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Sunflower milk

Alternative to standard dairy milk If a person has lactose intolerance, but they still wish to drink cow's milk, there is also lactose-free dairy milk. Organic, raw, and unpasteurized cow's milk is also available for those who are concerned about the presence of hormones and antibiotics in milk.

However, some of these products, such as raw milk, may pose other health risks that are not present in standard pasteurized milk.

Conclusion Anyone looking to replace dair y products without making other dietary changes should be sure to choose a non-dairy alternative that is closest in nutritional profile to that of their current products.The consumer should always check the label on the package, because both dairy milk and milk alternatives are often fortified with different amounts of additional nutrients, and milk alternatives often have added sugars.Whether you choose milk or a milk alternative, it needs to be part of a healthy, balanced plant-based diet alongside fresh fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts, seeds, legumes, and pulses.It is possible to stop using dairy products and obtain the same nutrients elsewhere. With planning, a diet without dairy products can be healthful for people at any age.

V. Dhinesh Kumar, Vandita Mishra, Shalu Swami and R.K. Jaiswal Division of Livestock Products Technology ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh

DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 5 | MAY 2019

fdyuh ,oa fdyuh tfur jä ijthoh jksx% mipkj o cpko

fdyfu;k¡ laØked jksxksa ds okgd ds :i esa ,d tkuoj ls nwljs tkuoj esa jksxtudksa dks LFkkukarfjr djus esa lgk;d gksrh gSaA fo'ks"k :i ls m".kdfVca/kh; vkSj miks".kdfVca/kh; ns'kksa esa fdyfu;k¡ ,oa fdyuh tfur jksx nqfu;k dh 80 çfr'kr i'kqvksa dh vkcknh dks çHkkfor djrh gSa] tks mRiknu esa uqdlku dk dkj.k curs gSaA i'kqvksa ds vklikl rFkk 'kjhj ij çk;% vusdksa çdkj dh fdyfu;k¡ lkekU; Lrj ij ik;h tkrh gSa] ;fn dksbZ i'kq 100 fdyfu;ksa ls xzflr gS rks og rdjhcu 100 & 150 feyh yhVj jä çfrfnu pwl ldrh gSaA bl dkj.k i'kq dkQh detksj ,oa jäkYirk dk f'kdkj gks tkrk gS rFkk mlesa jä ijthfo;ksa dk çdksi mRiUu gks tkrk gSA fdyfu;k¡ vius thoupØ ds vuqlkj vaMs nsus ds fy, i'kq dks NksM+dj i'kq'kkyk esa QSys dwM+s ,oa njkjksa o Nsnksa vkfn esa fNidj vaMs nsrh gSaA ,d eknk fdyuh yxHkx 6000&8000 vaMs nsrh gSA dqN fnuksa ds ckn vaMksa ls ykokZ ckgj fudydj vU; i'kqvksa ij yx tkrs gSa ,oa jä pwlus ds ckn ;g O;Ld gks tkrs gSa rFkk nksckjk i'kq ds 'kjhj ls fxjdj i'kq'kkyk esa b/kj&m/kj fNi tkrs gSa vkSj fQj vaMs nsus dk Øe blh çdkj tkjh jgrk gSA lkekU;r% i'kq/ku ls lacaf/kr fdyfu;ksa }kjk QSyus okys jä ijthoh jksxksa ds uke bl çdkj gSa% Fkkbysfj;ksfll ccsfl;ksfll ,ukIykt~eksfll Fkkbysfj;ksfll% cks o kbu Vª ‚ fidy Fkkbysfj;ksfll ,d fdyuh &tfur laØe.k gS tks fd Fkkbysfj;k ,U;qykVk uked ,d jä ijthoh ds dkj.k gksrk gS ftls gk;yksek ,ukVksfyde uked fdyuh ,d tkuoj ls nwljs tkuoj esa lapkfjr djrh gSA ;g lkekU; :i ls ikbZ tkus okyh fdyuh gS tks nq/kk# i'kqvksa rFkk ladj uLy] fons'kh xk;ksa o cNM+s&cfN;ksa dks vf/kdrj xzLr djrh gSA tc fdyuh tkuoj ds 'kjhj ls jä pwlrh gS rks 19

ijthoh bl nkSjku 'kjhj esa ços'k dj tkrs gSa rFkk jäokfgfu;ksa }kjk 'kjhj ds fofHkUu vaxksa esa Qsy tkrs gSaA ;gh fdyfu;k¡ tc nwljs LoLFk i'kqvksa dk jä pwlrh gSa rks mu i'kqvksa esa Hkh ijthoh çokfgr gks tkrk gSA fdyfu;k¡ lkekU;r% dku ds ihNs] xjnu ds fupys fgLls esa] Fkuksa ds ikl o iw¡N ds vkl&ikl feyrh gSaA Fkkbysfj;ksfll ls xzLr i'kq esa rst cq[kkj gksuk] vk¡[k o ukd ls ikuh fxjuk] fudVre xzafFk ¼çhLdsiqyj rFkk çhQheksjy½ esa lwtu o nq/kk# i'kqvksa ds nw/k esa deh tSls y{k.k lkekU;r% feyrs gSaA uotkr i'kqvksa esa bl jksx dh otg ls e`R;q Hkh gks tkrh gSA chekj i'kqvksa esa jksx funku ds fy, cwikokZdksu ¼2-5 feyhxzke çfr fdyksxzke 'kjhj ds otu ds vuqlkj½ dk batsD'ku yxokuk pkfg,A ccsfl;ksfll% fjfQflQsyl ekbØksIyl nwljh çtkfr dh fdyuh gS tks lEiw.kZ Hkkjr o"kZ esa xksi'kqvksa esa ik;h tkrh gSA ;g ,d gh i'kq¼vkJk; nkrk½ ij laiw.kZ thou fuokZg djrh gSA blds dkj.k tkuojksa esa ^is'kkc dk cq[kkj uked jksx gksrk gS] ftls ccsfl;ksfll ;k jsMo‚Vj Qhoj dgrs gSaA ;g fdyuh tc LoLFk i'kq dk jä pwlrh gS ml nkSjku ccsfl;k ckbtsfeuk uked ijthoh jä esa ços'k dj tkrs gSa rFkk jädksf'kdkvksa dks laØfer dj nsrs gSaA T;knk laØe.k gksus fd otg ls i'kqvksa esa rst cq[kkj o jä~ dksf'kdkvksa ds u"V gksus ls is'kkc dk jax yky gks tkrk gS ftl dkj.k bl jksx dh igpku vklku gks tkrh gS] ijUrq jä ijh{k.k ds ckn gh iw.kZ igpku ,oa funku laHko gSA tkuojksa dh mfpr tk¡p ds ckn gh nok nsuh pkfg,A fudVre i'kqfpfdRld ls ;k vLirky tkdj MkbZfeukthu ¼2& 3-5 feyhxzke çfr fdyksxzke½ uke dh nok dk batsD'ku yxokuk pkfg, ftlls bl chekjh ls tkuoj dks cpk;k tk ldsA ,ukIykt~eksfll% ,ukIykt~ek ekftZusy lcls vf/kd çpfyr fdyuh&tfur] i'kq/ku jksx tud gS ftlls ,ukIykt~eksfll uked jksx gksrk gS] tks fd fdyuh cq[kkj dk ,d :i gSA ;g jks x tud fdyuh ¼fjfQflQs ylekbØksIyl½ds Hkhrj o`f) djrk gS rFkk fdyuh ds thou pØ ds esa ikfjr gksrk gS]

1

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M‚- fu'kk fc"V 1] M‚- ch-lh- ikFkZlkjFkh 1] M‚- lqfç;k ;kno 2] ,oa M‚- T;ksRluk Hkê 3

ijthoh foKku foHkkx ]2vkS"kf/k foHkkx] Hkkjrh; i'kqfpfdRlk vuqla/kku laLFkku] bTtruxj ¼mÙkjçns'k½ 3 ltZjh foHkkx] xksfoan cYyHk iar —f"k ,oa çkS|ksfxd fo'ofo|ky;] iaruxj ¼mÙkjk[kaM½ DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 5 | MAY 2019

BENEFITS OF COW DESI GHEE

20

DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 4 | APRIL 2019

NEWS MEHSANA DAIRY TO BREAK AWAY FROM AMUL AFTER 46 YEARS, SLICING 10% OF GCMMF REVENUE

India's biggest and most prominent milk cooperative Gujarat Co-operative Milk Marketing Federation (GCMMF), owner of the Amul brand, is breaking up for the ďŹ rst time in over four decades.

The movement that created India's White Revolution has been snared by politics as GCMMF's fourth largest m e m b e r M e h s a n a D a i r y, w h i c h accounts for over 10 per cent of its revenue, has decided to break away and chart its own path nationally with 'Dudhsagar' brand. Mehsana was one of the founder members of GCMMF in 1973 and until a decade ago procured the maximum quantity of milk for the cooperative. However, over the years Mehsana's milk procurement has stagnated at 18 lakh litres a day, while Banaskantha has become the most productive with a procurement of 50 lakh litres per day.Mehsana Dairy has been at loggerheads with GCMMF ever since its former Chairman, Vipul Choudhury, was removed as Chairman of GCMMF after the BJP came to power at the Centre in 2014. More recently, the dairy has been struggling under a debt of about Rs 1,500 crore because of 21

stagnant milk procurement as well as excess capacity. It procures 1.8 million litres per day while it has a capacity of 7.3 million litres per day. On Monday, Mehsana Dairy, which is the fourth l a rg e s t d a i r y u n i o n of G C M M F, announced that it would break away and register itself as a multi-state cooperative (which will enable it to procure and sell across the country).

The debt ridden dairy announced that it was taking this step as it was not getting adequate support from GCMMF. It is also known to have given cattle feed worth Rs 22 crore to a dairy cooperative in Maharashtra, which was not approved by the GCMMF board and the Supreme Court also gave a ruling in favour of GCMMF saying that the amount had to be recovered from the Chairman of Mehsana Dairy.Amul, the dairy brand of GCMMF, is an outcome of coming together of 17 dairy unions in Gujarat, from where the cooperative sources 24 million litres of milk every day. It is well known that all the dairy unions of GCMMF have strong political linkages and political bickering has often impacted the growth of brand

Amul.Though Amul MD, R.S. Sodhi, said that the exit of Mehsana Dairy would not impact Amul and could actually give other dairy unions an opportunity to be part of GCMMF, a senior dairy industry expert considers the breaking away of Mehsana as ominous for Amul.

"Earlier, most of the dairy unions were backed by Congress and and when BJP came to power, they were forced to switch allegiance to BJP. The Mehsana episode is triggered by political parties (particularly the Congress) so that there is confusion during election time. I wont be surprised if other dairy unions also revolt (most dairy unions of GCMMF have traditionally been backed by Congress). This certainly wont be good news for brand, Amul."Once Mehsana is registered as a multi state cooperative, it will sell its products under its brand, Dudhsagar. Breaking away from Amul will certainly not be easy, as dairy is a difďŹ cult business and most of the newer dairy companies haven't been too successful. And, for a milk union whose focus has largely been on milk procurement and processing, thinking about branding will surely be a challenge.Amul itself is entangled in the cooperative web. Thanks to constant political interference brand-building has always suffered. While Sodhi has a clear vision for the brand, experts believe that not many in the GCMMF board even understand his vision. "The cooperative's focus has largely been milk procurement. They are happy if their procurement goes up by 15%20% as their turnover increases. The brand is secondary for them," explains the dairy expert. The Amul case study is globally acclaimed, however, it's time that the cooperative rises over petty politics and focuses on growing the business, else the dairy major's brand equity could take a major hit.

DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 5 | MAY 2019

NEWS A LATEST RESEARCH PROVIDES INSIGHTS ABOUT FUNCTIONAL DAIRY INGREDIENT MARKET

With the growing awareness regarding health benefits of the dairy products, demand for new and improved functional dairy foods is set to rise. On the same lines, the popularity of functional dairy foods will further propel the functional dairy ingredient market during the review period.

Following the popularity of functional dair y food, manufacturers are introducing more functional dairy ingredients in their product offerings to gain consumer traction and win over the intense market competition. For instance, Ingredion Inc., the U.S. food company has introduced three new potato starches- the functional dairy ingredients to the product portfolio of its processed cheese providing better functionality and more options to consumers. The billions of dollars of baby food market has initiated the addition of functional dairy ingredients, in turn, driving the growth of the functional dairy ingredient market. In addition, prebiotic fibers have become a popular plant-based functional dairy ingredient in several dairy products and functional beverages. Further, with the increasing consumer preference for organic ingredients in the food and beverage sector, the functional dairy ingredient market is witnessing progress in organic functional dairy ingredients segment. Moreover, with the clean label trend becoming streamlined for most food producers, demand for organic functional dairy 22

ingredients is here to stay. Given that, 'clean label', 'non-GMO' foods and rising health and fitness trends are few of the prime influencers of the functional dairy ingredient market during the review period. Fortified dairy products are now have shifted from a niche product segment to a mainstream product in the developed as well as in developing regions. This is attributed to increasing the consum p t i o n of f u n c t i o n a l f o o d a n d beverages including functional dairy across the major urban conglomerations and tier 2 cities. This rise in demand for the functional dair y product is attributed towards the increase in demand for functional dairy ingredient over the near future.

Functional dairy ingredient market has witnessed strong growth rates over past few years and is expected to continue the trend over the forecast period. The key manufacturers are involving with a robust approach by not only broadening its product portfolio but also revamping manufacturing units to carter the rapidly changing ingredient demand fueled by tailormade functional dairy products for the consumers. The functional dair y ingredient market has an essence of large international player capturing a significant amount of the market share in the overall offering and key regional functional dairy ingredient players capturing specific offerings in their geographies. A shift in product offering is expected to witness with players offering blends or multi-functional dairy ingredient over the forecast period. Region wise Europe and the Asia Pacific to capture a significant amount of volume share in functional dairy ingredient market over the forecast period. Increasing consumption of functional food is directly attributed towards the growth of the

functional dairy ingredient market, globally. Increasing awareness in consumers for product composition and well-established dairy industry, globally to fuel functional dair y ingredient market over the forecast period. Increasing demand for functional food has been spiked up in last decade boosting growth to its analog markets such functional i n g r e d i e n t m a r ke t m a k i n g i t a promising market to invest for the key manufacturers conducting business in t h e d a i r y i n g r e d i e n t s s e c t o r.

Advancement of functional dair y ingredient production has ease down the production process and has increase the yield of the final product using similar raw material input which has result in increase of new players, competitive pricing and formation of long-term partnership with consumer which is further expected to increase the demand for the functional dairy ingredient market over the forecast period.

SANGRAM CHAUDHARY APPOINTED NEW MD OF MOTHER DAIRY The Board of Directors of Mother Dairy Fruit and Vegetable on Tuesday appointed Sangram Chaudharyas the company's new MD. Chaudhary would take charge from May 1. Sangram Chaudhary has over three decades in the dairy sector of the country and was earlier the Executive Director, National Dairy Development Board(NDDB).

Chaudhary is a Post Graduate in Rural Management from Institute of Rural Management Anand(IRMA), and Masters of Science with specialization in Life Sciences from University of Gujarat, Ahmedabad.

DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 5 | MAY 2019

NEWS GLOBAL ORGANIC DAIRY PRODUCTS MARKET 2019 – AMUL, DANONE, ARLA FOODS UK PLC, DAIRY FARMERS OF AMERICA INC. (DFA)

The Global Organic Dairy Products Market report provides strategic recommendations consulted by the industrial experts including market share worldwide, future outlook, cost profit structure, supply, raw materials, labour cost, manufacturing expenses, latest market trends and demands.

Organic Dairy Products Market market landscape and vendor landscape along with a SWOT analysis of the key vendors is explained. The Top Players are AMUL, Danone, Arla Foods UK Plc, Dairy Farmers of America Inc. (DFA), Parmalat S.P.A, Dean Foods Company, Groupe Lactalis SA, Fonterra Group Cooperative Limited, Kraft Foods, Meiji Dairies Corp., Megmilk Snow Brand, Organic Valley, Sancor Cooperativas, Royal FrieslandCampina N.V., Unilever.

The worldwide market for Organic Dairy Products accounted a relatively optimistic growth, the past four years, market size is estimated from 9500 million $ in 2015 to 13300 million $ in 2018. The Organic Dairy Products Market is expected to exceed more than US$ 19000 million by 2023 at a CAGR of 0.0696103757251 in the given forecast period. The report on Organic Dairy Products Market evaluates the growth trends of the industry through historical 23

study and estimates future prospects based on comprehensive research. The report extensively provides the Market share, growth, trends and forecasts for the period 2019-2023. The Market size in terms of revenue (USD MN) is calculated for the study period along with the details of the factors affecting the Market growth (drivers and restraints). The report demonstrates all the important data related to the industries & Markets, abilities & technology, and so on. Organic Dairy Products Market report highlights the current Market situations. It presents a brief assessment and detailed explanation of realistic data of the Market.This report tracks the major market events including product launches, development trends, mergers & acquisitions and the innovative business strategies opted by key market players. Along with strategically analysing the key markets, the report also focuses on industr y-specific drivers, restraints, opportunities and challenges in the Organic Dair y Products Market. This research report offers in-depth analysis of the market size (revenue), market share, major market segments and different geographic regions, forecast for the next Five years, key market players and industry trends.

The detailed report offers comprehensive analyses about a particular market situation within a geographic region (United States, Canada, China, Japan, India, Korea, Germany, UK, France, Italy, Middle East, Africa, GCC).

FDA PUNE SHUTS DOWN MODERN DAIRY OVER ADULTERATION

In a surprise raid conducted on Friday, the Food And Drug Administration (FDA) Pune seized adulterated paneer (cottage cheese), curd and cream from Modern Dairy shop located in Camp area. The FDA officials seized a total of 561 kilogrammes of spurious curd, malai, paneer, and fresh cream collectively worth Rs 1,23,691 on Friday.

According to Food And Drug Administration officials, the products were being manufactured in unhygienic conditions. Suresh Deshmukh, joint commissioner, FDA, Pune, said they received a tip-off regarding adulterated food items being dispatched into the market from Modern Dairy. While the seized goods were destroyed, the process to shut down the dairy was underway. Earlier this month, FDA conducted surprise checks at 100 eateries, creameries, milk establishments across the city. Most of the cases were attributed to unhygienic preparations, usage of acids and other colouring methods. The officials said, that all these things were violating the norms prescribed by the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) and is a serious threat to the public.

DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 5 | MAY 2019

Cows may seem like simple creatures - most of us have seen them grazing with seemingly not a care in the world. Well, there's more to these ruminants than meets the eye. Here are 20 facts you probably haven't heard about cows:

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DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 5 | MAY 2019

Blue cheese canapes

Time Period 1 Year INR 1000 3 Years INR 2500 Life Time INR 8000

USD 160 USD 250 USD 800

(Life Time period 10 Years)

Ingredients l 2 cups (500 mL) cooked beets, coarsely chopped l Salt and freshly ground pepper l 6 slices of speck (smoked prosciutto) or prosciutto,

cut into strips l 30 lesley stowe's raincoast crisps® cranberry

hazelnut crackers l 30 baby arugula leaves l 2 oz (60 g) Blue cheese, coarsely crumbled

Directions Using a food processor, purée the beets; season with salt and pepper. Drain in a sieve for 5–10 minutes to remove excess water.Meanwhile, loosely roll up the speck strips to create rose shapes.Top each cracker with beet purée, a speck rose, an arugula leaf and Blue cheese. Serve immediately.

Pixie Consulting Solutions Ltd. C/o OmAng Hotel, Namaste Chowk, Near Janta Petrol Pump, KARNAL - 132001 (Haryana) INDIA Email : dairy.pcsl@gmail.com | info@pixie.co.in Website : www.pixie.co.in

Advertisement Tariffs Advertisement Type Front Page Front Title Inside Front Title Opening Full Page 25

Single Issue (cost per issue) 20000 12000 8000 6000

Advertisement Type Back Title Back Title Inside Back Title Opening Center Spread

Single Issue (cost per issue) 15000 10000 10000 10000 DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 5 | MAY 2019

NEWS/EVENT CALENDER HOW DAIRY MACHINERY MARKET ARE MADE AN OVERVIEW TO THE FUTURE OPPORTUNITIES OVER THE GLOBE

T

he report covers the market study and projection of “ Dairy Machinery Market ” on a territorial along with worldwide point . The repor t establishes subjective and quantitative valuation by industry examiners, direct information, help from industr y specialists alongside their latest verbatim and every industry producers through the market value chain. The examination specialists have also evaluated the by and large sales and income creation of this specific market.

The Dairy Machinery market report also shares details of production value with some important factor, upstream raw materials, and downstream demand that can lead to market growth. What distinction strategist should bring about services or products

understanding behaviour along with the Dairy Machinery Market competition movements to create them appealing the analysis The Major Players Covered in this Report: Tetra Pak, G E A , K ro n e s , S PX FLOW, IMA Group, Alfa Laval, IDMC, IWAI, A&B Process Systems, JBT, Triowin, Groba B.V., Feldmeier, JIMEI Group, Scherjon, TECNAL, SDMF, Marlen International, Paul Mueller, Admix & More. By the product type, the market is primarily split into: Pasteurizers, Homogenizers, Separators, Filters By the end users/application, this report covers the following segments: Liquid Dair y Industry, Powdery Dairy Industry, Other Dairy Products Industry, The report gives inside-out extensive examination to provincial sections that covers North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Middle East and Africa and Rest of World in Global Outlook Report with Market definitions, characterizations,

production methods, cost structures, improvement in strategies and plans.

The certainties and information are top notch in the report with outlines, diagrams, pie graphs, and other pictorial portrayals as for its Current Trends, Dynamics, and Business Scope and Key Statistics.

DAIRY REPORT: TARIFFS IMPACTING DAIRY; IMPROVED MILK PRICE OUTLOOK Volumes of dairy trade with China have dropped because of tariffs, but the milk price outlook is still looking brighter for 2019 according to USDA. For more on these stories watch the AgDay video above or read the following news brief links. The U.S. Dairy Export Council (USDEC) reports that dairy trade volumes into China have dropped by 43% since tariffs went into effect in July 2018. Despite those factors cheese export records reached record volumes during March with countries like South Korea and Japan buying more U.S. products. Milk prices are expected to go higher according to the latest USDA World Agriculture Supply and Demand Estimate (WASDE) report. The all-milk price is projected to average $18.05/cwt.

The Official

Exhibition

Event Calender

June 2019 Event Date

: IDF/ISO Analytical Week 2019 : 21 June 2019 - 25 June 2019

Web

: www.icar2019.cz

JULY 2019 Event

: 3rd International Symposium on “Milk, driver of Development Date : 12-13 June 2019 Venue : Dakar, Senegal Web. : www.fao.org

SEPTEMBER 2019 Event

: Agritex, 7th International Agricultural, Horticulture, Dairy, Food Processing & Aquacutural

Date Venue Web.

26

: 7-8 September 2019 : 3rd Floor,Hitex Building,Izzat Nagar Hyderabad,Telangana. : www.agritex.co.in

OCTOBER 2019 Event

: Dairy & Food Industry Expo 2019 Date : 11-13 October 2019 Venue : Auto Cluster Exhibition Center Mob. : 8607463377

AUGUST 2019 Event Date

: Dairy Tech India 2019 : 30th Aug. - 01st Sep. 2019

Venue

: Bangalore International Exhibition Centre (BIEC) Bangalore, India

OCTOBER 2019 Event : Dairy Fest 2019 Date : 19-21 October 2019 Venue : RBML College Ground Telibagh Chauraha, Raibarelly Web. : www.dairyfest.in DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 5 | MAY 2019

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