History of Architecture 2 A R 2 3 2 Arab Academy for Science, Technology & Maritime Transport College of Engineering & Technology Architectural Engineering and Environmental Design Department
H i s t o r y o f A r c h i t e c t u r e II Ass. Prof. Nevine Gharib Elsayed Arch. Mai Ghazi – Arch. Fiona Naaoum
L e c t u r e
8
GERMAN ROMANESQUE
History of
Architecture 2 - AR 232 – Ass. Prof. Nevine Gharib Elsayed- Arch. Mai Ghazi
GERMAN
ROMANESQUE
INTRODUCTION Architecture as a product of Culture, History, Science, Technology, Economics, Society, Religion, and State
A R C H I T E C T U R E History of
INFLUENCES Natural influences
Geographical
Geological Climate
Manmade influences
Religion Social and Political Historical
Architecture 2 - AR 232 – Ass. Prof. Nevine Gharib Elsayed- Arch. Mai Ghazi
GERMAN
ROMANESQUE
INTRODUCTION
History of
Architecture 2 - AR 232 – Ass. Prof. Nevine Gharib Elsayed- Arch. Mai Ghazi
GERMAN
ROMANESQUE
AB RY ZC AH NI TTEI NC TE U RS AT LY LCEH –A RAArCcThEi tRe c t u r a l C h a r a c t e r
الطراز البيزنطي
Plans The plans of the churches are peculiar in having western and
eastern apses, and no great western entrance. Towers
The naves and aisles are vaulted in square bays, one vaulting bay of the nave being equal to two of the aisles.
History of
Architecture 2 - AR 232 – Ass. Prof. Nevine Gharib Elsayed- Arch. Mai Ghazi
GERMAN
ROMANESQUE
AB RY ZC AH NI TTEI NC TE U RS AT LY LCEH –A RAArCcThEi tRe c t u r a l C h a r a c t e r
الطراز البيزنطي
Plans Numerous towers, either square, circular, or polygonal,
producing a rich and varied outline, were employed, two Towers being usually at the east and flanking the aps, and two at the west end, connected by a gallery. The towers rise in successive stories, and a characteristic finish consists of four gables and a steep roof. Note
History of
Architecture 2 - AR 232 – Ass. Prof. Nevine Gharib Elsayed- Arch. Mai Ghazi
GERMAN
ROMANESQUE
AB RY ZC AH NI TTEI NC TE U RS AT LY LCEH –A RAArCcThEi tRe c t u r a l C h a r a c t e r
History of
الطراز البيزنطي
Architecture 2 - AR 232 – Ass. Prof. Nevine Gharib Elsayed- Arch. Mai Ghazi
GERMAN
ROMANESQUE
EB XY AZ M A NP TL IENSE S T Y L E – A r c h i t e c t u r a l C h a r a c t e r
الطراز البيزنطي
Church of the Apostles Description Location Timeline Brief
Is one of a series in Cologne City Cologne A.D. 1220- 1250
In plan it consists of a broad nave, and of aisles half the width of the nave.
يتكون المسقط األفقي من صحن Note متسع وممرات جانبية تتسع لنصف .عرض الصحن
History of
Architecture 2 - AR 232 – Ass. Prof. Nevine Gharib Elsayed- Arch. Mai Ghazi
GERMAN
ROMANESQUE
EB XY AZ M A NP TL IENSE S T Y L E – A r c h i t e c t u r a l C h a r a c t e r
الطراز البيزنطي
Church of the Apostles Description Location Timeline
Is one of a series in Cologne City Cologne A.D. 1220- 1250
The eastern portion has three apses, opening from three sides of the central space, crowned by a low octagonal tower, giving richness and يتكون الجزء الشرقي من ثالث حنيات Note importance to this portion of the church. وبالتالي الفتحات من ثالث جوانب من Brief
الحيز المركزي المغطىى ببرج مثمن منخفض أضفى تميز وثراء لهذا .الجزء من الكنيسة
History of
Architecture 2 - AR 232 – Ass. Prof. Nevine Gharib Elsayed- Arch. Mai Ghazi
GERMAN
ROMANESQUE
EB XY AZ M A NP TL IENSE S T Y L E – A r c h i t e c t u r a l C h a r a c t e r
الطراز البيزنطي
Church of the Apostles Description Location Timeline
Is one of a series in Cologne City Cologne A.D. 1220- 1250
The eastern portion has three apses, opening from three sides of the central space, crowned by a low octagonal tower, giving richness and يتكون الجزء الشرقي من ثالث حنيات Note importance to this portion of the church. وبالتالي الفتحات من ثالث جوانب من Brief
الحيز المركزي المغطىى ببرج مثمن منخفض أضفى تميز وثراء لهذا .الجزء من الكنيسة
History of
Architecture 2 - AR 232 – Ass. Prof. Nevine Gharib Elsayed- Arch. Mai Ghazi
GERMAN
ROMANESQUE
EB XY AZ M A NP TL IENSE S T Y L E – A r c h i t e c t u r a l C h a r a c t e r
الطراز البيزنطي
Church of the Apostles The grouping externally is effective, the face of the wall being divided up by arcading, and crowned with the characteristic row of small arches under the eaves of the
roof. وكتلة المبنى من الخارج فعالة حيث قسمت الواجهة باستخدام البوائك .وتوجت بصفوف من البوائك والعقود الصغيرة أسفل بروز السقف
History of
Architecture 2 - AR 232 – Ass. Prof. Nevine Gharib Elsayed- Arch. Mai Ghazi
GERMAN
ROMANESQUE
EB XY AZ M A NP TL IENSE S T Y L E – A r c h i t e c t u r a l C h a r a c t e r
الطراز البيزنطي
Worms Cathedral Description Location Timeline Brief
It was the seat of the Catholic Prince-Bishopric of Worms Worms - southern Germany A.D. 1110 - 1200 An Example with eastern & western aps both being flanked by stair towers.
يحتوي على حنية شرقية وحنيةNote مثال غربية كال منهما محاط بساللم داخل .أبراج
History of
Architecture 2 - AR 232 – Ass. Prof. Nevine Gharib Elsayed- Arch. Mai Ghazi
GERMAN
ROMANESQUE
EB XY AZ M A NP TL IENSE S T Y L E – A r c h i t e c t u r a l C h a r a c t e r
الطراز البيزنطي
Worms Cathedral Description Location Timeline Brief
It was the seat of the Catholic Prince-Bishopric of Worms Worms - southern Germany A.D. 1110 - 1200 It is a basilica with four round towers, two large domes, and a choir at each end. The interior is built in red sandstone.
أبراج واثنتين من4 البازيليكا لها Note القباب الكبيرة وحنية في كل نهاية والحيز الداخلي مبني من الحجر .الرملي األحمر
History of
Architecture 2 - AR 232 – Ass. Prof. Nevine Gharib Elsayed- Arch. Mai Ghazi
GERMAN
ROMANESQUE
EB XY AZ M A NP TL IENSE S T Y L E – A r c h i t e c t u r a l C h a r a c t e r
الطراز البيزنطي
Worms Cathedral Description Location Timeline Brief
It was the seat of the Catholic Prince-Bishopric of Worms Worms - southern Germany A.D. 1110 - 1200 It is a basilica with four round towers, two large domes, and a choir at each end. It is built in red sandstone.
أبراج واثنتين من4 البازيليكا لها Note القباب الكبيرة وحنية في كل نهاية .ومبنية من الحجر الرملي األحمر
History of
Architecture 2 - AR 232 – Ass. Prof. Nevine Gharib Elsayed- Arch. Mai Ghazi
GERMAN
ROMANESQUE
EB XY AZ M A NP TL IENSE S T Y L E – A r c h i t e c t u r a l C h a r a c t e r
الطراز البيزنطي
Worms Cathedral Description Location Timeline Brief
It was the seat of the Catholic Prince-Bishopric of Worms Worms - southern Germany A.D. 1110 - 1200 The entrances were placed at the side, a position which found favour in Germany as well in England.
مداخل البازيليكا موجودة على Note الجانبين وهي الميزة الموجودة في .ألمانيا وانجلترا
History of
Architecture 2 - AR 232 – Ass. Prof. Nevine Gharib Elsayed- Arch. Mai Ghazi
GERMAN
ROMANESQUE
EB XY AZ M A NP TL IENSE S T Y L E – A r c h i t e c t u r a l C h a r a c t e r
الطراز البيزنطي
Worms Cathedral Description Location Timeline
It was the seat of the Catholic Prince-Bishopric of Worms Worms - southern Germany A.D. 1110 - 1200
The Facades have Brief semicircular headed windows, framed in withNote flat pilaster strips as buttresses.
History of
Architecture 2 - AR 232 – Ass. Prof. Nevine Gharib Elsayed- Arch. Mai Ghazi
GERMAN
ROMANESQUE
EB XY AZ M A NP TL IENSE S T Y L E – A r c h i t e c t u r a l C h a r a c t e r
الطراز البيزنطي
Worms Cathedral Description Location Timeline
It was the seat of the Catholic Prince-Bishopric of Worms Worms - southern Germany A.D. 1110 - 1200
The Facades have Brief semicircular headed windows, framed in withNote flat pilaster strips as buttresses.
History of
Architecture 2 - AR 232 – Ass. Prof. Nevine Gharib Elsayed- Arch. Mai Ghazi
GERMAN
ROMANESQUE
EB XY AZ M A NP TL IENSE S T Y L E – A r c h i t e c t u r a l C h a r a c t e r
الطراز البيزنطي
Worms Cathedral
History of
Architecture 2 - AR 232 – Ass. Prof. Nevine Gharib Elsayed- Arch. Mai Ghazi
GERMAN
ROMANESQUE
EB XY AZ M A NP TL IENSE S T Y L E – A r c h i t e c t u r a l C h a r a c t e r
الطراز البيزنطي
Worms Cathedral
History of
Architecture 2 - AR 232 – Ass. Prof. Nevine Gharib Elsayed- Arch. Mai Ghazi
GERMAN
ROMANESQUE
EB XY AZ M A NP TL IENSE S T Y L E – A r c h i t e c t u r a l C h a r a c t e r
الطراز البيزنطي
Worms Cathedral
http://wn.com/worms_cathedral
History of
Architecture 2 - AR 232 – Ass. Prof. Nevine Gharib Elsayed- Arch. Mai Ghazi
GERMAN
ROMANESQUE
EB XY AZ M A NP TL IENSE S T Y L E – A r c h i t e c t u r a l C h a r a c t e r
الطراز البيزنطي
St. Gall Monastery Description Location Timeline Brief
يتتألف من كنيسة ذات حنية مزدوجة Note مكان، غرفة المائدة،والدير والسكن دار، مخازن للغالل، مقبرة،النوم وصوب، مستوصف،للضيافة
An interesting and typical example of a Benedictine Monastery of the period. St. Gallen - Germany A.D. 820 Consisted of a double- apse church and cloister, abbot’s lodging, School, refectory,, dormitory,, cemetery, granaries, and back guest-house, dispensary, infirmary, orchard houses.
.للزراعة
History of
Architecture 2 - AR 232 – Ass. Prof. Nevine Gharib Elsayed- Arch. Mai Ghazi
GERMAN
ROMANESQUE
EB XY AZ M A NP TL IENSE S T Y L E – A r c h i t e c t u r a l C h a r a c t e r
الطراز البيزنطي
St. Gall Monastery Description Location Timeline Brief
يتتألف من كنيسة ذات حنية مزدوجة Note مكان، غرفة المائدة،والدير والسكن دار، مخازن للغالل، مقبرة،النوم وصوب، مستوصف،للضيافة
An interesting and typical example of a Benedictine Monastery of the period. St. Gallen - Germany A.D. 820 Consisted of a double- apse church and cloister, abbot’s lodging, School, refectory,, dormitory,, cemetery, granaries, and back guest-house, dispensary, infirmary, orchard houses.
.للزراعة
History of
Architecture 2 - AR 232 – Ass. Prof. Nevine Gharib Elsayed- Arch. Mai Ghazi
GERMAN
ROMANESQUE
EB XY AZ M A NP TL IENSE S T Y L E – A r c h i t e c t u r a l C h a r a c t e r
الطراز البيزنطي
St. Gall Monastery Description Location Timeline
An interesting and typical example of a Benedictine Monastery of the period. St. Gallen - Switzerland A.D. 820
Brief Its library is one of the richest and oldest in the world and تحوي مكتبة الدير التي تعتبر من األغنىcontains precious manuscripts Note such as the earliest-known واألقدم في العالم مخطوطات ثمينة اهمهاarchitectural plan drawn on أقدم رسم هندسي على الورق عرفتهparchment. The cathedral and the library are the main وقد أعيد بناء هذا الدير بالطراز. البشريةfeatures of this remarkable ً علما،1768 الى1755 الباروكي من عامarchitectural complex. ان الكاتدرائية والمكتبة هما العنصران
.الرئيسان في هذا المج ّمع الهندسي الرائع
http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=w4B1A892P5o http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/268
St Gall Abbey Cathedral History of
Architecture 2 - AR 232 – Ass. Prof. Nevine Gharib Elsayed- Arch. Mai Ghazi
GERMAN
ROMANESQUE
EB XY AZ M A NP TL IENSE S T Y L E – A r c h i t e c t u r a l C h a r a c t e r
الطراز البيزنطي
St. Gall Monastery Description Location Timeline
An interesting and typical example of a Benedictine Monastery of the period. St. Gallen - Switzerland A.D. 820
Brief Its library is one of the richest and oldest in the world and تحوي مكتبة الدير التي تعتبر من األغنىcontains precious manuscripts Note such as the earliest-known واألقدم في العالم مخطوطات ثمينة اهمهاarchitectural plan drawn on أقدم رسم هندسي على الورق عرفتهparchment. The cathedral and the library are the main وقد أعيد بناء هذا الدير بالطراز. البشريةfeatures of this remarkable ً علما،1768 الى1755 الباروكي من عامarchitectural complex. ان الكاتدرائية والمكتبة هما العنصران
.الرئيسان في هذا المج ّمع الهندسي الرائع
http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=w4B1A892P5o http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/268
St Gall Abbey Cathedral History of
Architecture 2 - AR 232 – Ass. Prof. Nevine Gharib Elsayed- Arch. Mai Ghazi
GERMAN
ROMANESQUE
EB XY AZ M A NP TL IENSE S T Y L E – A r c h i t e c t u r a l C h a r a c t e r
الطراز البيزنطي
St. Gall Monastery Description Location Timeline
An interesting and typical example of a Benedictine Monastery of the period. St. Gallen - Switzerland A.D. 820
Brief Its library is one of the richest and oldest in the world and تحوي مكتبة الدير التي تعتبر من األغنىcontains precious manuscripts Note such as the earliest-known واألقدم في العالم مخطوطات ثمينة اهمهاarchitectural plan drawn on أقدم رسم هندسي على الورق عرفتهparchment. The cathedral and the library are the main وقد أعيد بناء هذا الدير بالطراز. البشريةfeatures of this remarkable ً علما،1768 الى1755 الباروكي من عامarchitectural complex. ان الكاتدرائية والمكتبة هما العنصران
.الرئيسان في هذا المج ّمع الهندسي الرائع
http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=w4B1A892P5o http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/268
St Gall Abbey Cathedral History of
Architecture 2 - AR 232 – Ass. Prof. Nevine Gharib Elsayed- Arch. Mai Ghazi
GERMAN
ROMANESQUE
EB XY AZ M A NP TL IENSE S T Y L E – A r c h i t e c t u r a l C h a r a c t e r
الطراز البيزنطي
St. Gall Monastery Description Location Timeline
An interesting and typical example of a Benedictine Monastery of the period. St. Gallen - Switzerland A.D. 820
Brief تحوي مكتبة الدير التي تعتبر من األغنى Note واألقدم في العالم مخطوطات ثمينة اهمها
أقدم رسم هندسي على الورق عرفته وقد أعيد بناء هذا الدير بالطراز.البشرية ً علما،1768 الى1755 الباروكي من عام ان الكاتدرائية والمكتبة هما العنصران
.الرئيسان في هذا المج ّمع الهندسي الرائع
St Gall Abbey library History of
Architecture 2 - AR 232 – Ass. Prof. Nevine Gharib Elsayed- Arch. Mai Ghazi
Thank you for your Attention History of architecture II
History of
Architecture 2 - AR 232 – Ass. Prof. Nevine Gharib Elsayed- Arch. Mai Ghazi