Genius Magazine Issue 18
1
About the Moon By Albert Ji The Moon was created 4.5 billion years ago. Moon was made many years ago when in the years that dinosaurs lived, there was a planet called Theia. And Theia's size was almost the same as Mars. As the Theia crashed into our Earth, a piece of the Earth stuck to each other and created a planet called the moon. Being the fifth largest moon in the solar system, our moon’s length is almost the same length as China. It is mainly composed of iron but there are also some minerals like silicon,oxygen and magnesium. 2 billions ago, the moon was covered with an ocean of magma but now it is covered with rocks and dust. It takes 3 days to go to the moon from the earth. Prior to any space expeditions, many people wondered about the moon. To quench this curiosity, a company called NASA (National Aeronautics Space Administration) was created.Their managed to send the rocket called Apollo 11 onto the moon, as well as have Neil Amstrong, Buzz and Michelto step on the moon. Prior to their launch, they thought there would be trees, plants or even animals inhabiting the moon. However, the reality was simply a lot of rocks and dust. The astronauts explored the moon and studied and if there is truly life on the moon like the earth? So 21 hours later, the Apollo 11 rocket came down to the Earth back to show the moon rock they collected. With this data, NASA gained lots Information about the moon and they could improve their techniques all over the world. Also they gave hints about the moon to the scientist or those who wanted to study it. Following Apollo 11, Apollo 12 through 17 was launched . Unfortunately, the Apollo mission 13 failed its mission of going to Lunar. While Apollo 13 was going to the Lunar the Oxygen level in the rocket was decreasing rapidly and the rocket became colder. Despite their difficulties, they Safely on the moon and started to explore it. Riding a rocket
2
again to go back to Earth, the astronauts experienced the difficulty of depleting oxygen levels, even worse, the air tank of the rocket exploded and it was an emergency!!! But Luckily, they arrived on earth and went home.
The mystery about the one side of the moon The people wanted to know about the backside of the moon. The backside of the Moon was called “far side of the Moon.” The people wanted to know about the far side of the moon because they could not see the far side of the moon from Earth. The reason that we cant see the other side of the moon is a phenomenon. The moon rotates once 27days, which is the same time that it takes to orbit Earth. But in 1959 there was a first spaceship called “Lunar 3” that succeeded the mission to picturing the far side of the moon. The people were very surprised because the far side of the moon was just covered with rocks and dust. This was surprising as the side we see from Earth was very beautiful and shiny but the far side of the moon was not. As you know there are many mysteries and facts about the moon. Some people think there are aliens on the moon but others do not. I hope there will be more developments about the Moon in the future.
3
What we don’t know about PLASTIC By Ziu, Chloris Hello! We are Ziu and Chloris. Have you ever seen plastic in any oceans you visited before??? We have to stop, Stop, STOP! using plastic. Even now, the ocean is full of plastic and many animals are suffering. Plastic is really useful, convenient, and handy. But it doesn’t rot. So it’s harmful to our planet. Plastic is in lots of things we use. Making things from plastic is popular because there are many different types and it can be made into all sorts of shapes, colours, and sizes. The key ingredient is oil. The problem is that most of us use and then toss way more plastic than we need: things like grocery bags, drink bottles, straws, and food wrappers. The cycle of plastic is first, plastic is left on the ground and second, it often blows into rivers and goes into the ocean. The big problem is the plastic island, which is 7 times larger than Korea. And there are 9 of them!
4
Have you ever seen plastics in the ocean before?
Some say that the pieces of plastic in the sea are 500 times more than the number of stars in our galaxy. And it is estimated that there will soon be more plastic than fish. Most of the plastics are thrown away. Plastic debris is found absolutely everywhere, from the Arctic to Antarctica. But more than floating around in the water, plastic trash is found in more than 90% of the world’s seabirds, in the stomach of more than half of the world’s sea turtles and it’s even choking the life out of whales. Albatrosses have a problem: they are eating plastics dumped in the ocean. These photos, taken by Chris Jordan, show albatross chicks on the islands—and the plastic that will remain there far longer than their bones. Plastic is currently one of the biggest environmental concerns. Although it may seem like large amounts of plastic waste are trashed in the world we live in, you can help with the plastic pollution issue by being aware of its dangers and taking steps to reduce waste. The amount of garbage in the world increases as the population grows. Like this, plastic has many bad effects on the ocean, animals, and land. People say we are trying to save the ocean, but we are using so much plastic. Toothbrushes are plastic, and water bottles are plastic. Pen covers are also plastic, the keyboard is plastic. Who trashes plastic in recycle bins. Everyone, right? Then do you know that it doesn’t go into the recycling company? Yes, you are right. That plastic we use, goes into the ocean. Turtles, dolphins, and many other species are dying because of that. However, scientists made rotable plastic. It is more expensive than the regular plastic, but it can rot and not go into the ocean. We have sites like ‘plasticrecycle.com’ to reduce the amount of plastic in the ocean. Now, let’s figure out how we can save the ocean and plastic.
Do you know about 3R’s?
Reduce: We can use the plastic calculator to count how much plastic we use and see the results to try to reduce plastic. Reuse: We can bring our own mug or reusable cup, when you drink something in the cafeteria. Refuse: When you go to the cafeteria, you can ask for a reusable straw. It is made with paper that can be recycled. If you implement these in our daily life, I can be convenient, we can be convenient and our world can be convenient. When we implement these, the world will be clean, comfortable and cosmic. Please make our planet clean.
5
Giant Pandas Lucy Lee Year 5
What bear has black eye patches? The answer is a Panda! There are two examples of pandas. One is just a normal panda and the other one is a Giant panda. In this writing, I will tell you about the Giant Panda. I will tell you what they eat, where they live, and what stage of extinction they are in.
Firstly, giant pandas only eat bamboo which are trees that are in China. Bamboos are very easy to find in China, beside the Yangtze River. Bamboos have bumpy edges. Some are big and long and some are small and short. Pandas eat both of them. However, when people cut trees out, then the pandas will have nothing to eat. Then they will starve and die because of humans. So, we should stop cutting the trees like bamboo so that we can save pandas.
6
Secondly, their scientific name is Ailuropoda melanoleuca. It is a very long name for the 5 worded “PANDA”. Ailuropoda is a type of genus of mammals. Melanoleuca means herbivorous. So, that's why a panda is called Ailuropoda melanoleuca.
Lastly, Pandas used to be ‘endangered’ but now they are in the ‘vulnerable’ list, which means there are some Giant Pandas left in the wild. It also means that humans stopped cutting the trees and destroying the wild.
7
Bacteria
By Shin Song Y5 People don’t really care about bacteria . But, do you know that bacteria that live on your hand is more than people living on earth? Or do you know that bacteria living on earth are more than a star that is in space? This time I will tell you more about bacteria. What do bacteria eat? Bacteria only eat food. Then maybe you will think what does this mean? This means that they eat food, instead of things like plastic, iron or glass. But in fact, some of the bacteria eat plastic. I have a question. Do you think that bacteria can make their own food? The answer is yes! They can make their own food with sunlight. Where do bacteria live? Bacteria are found in every habitat on earth. Bacteria like to live in warm and wet places. Bacteria also live in the human body. In the human body, most bacteria are found in skin, like nose, mouth, especially in the gut.
8
How long do bacteria live? Some bacteria can’t live for a single day. But, some bacteria are really hard to die. Some of them can be divided in half. Then maybe you will ask ‘Wait, then can bacteria live forever?’ Yes, they can but some can’t. Some bacteria can’t live forever because if they get old, they can't be divided in half. What is the biggest and the smallest bacteria ever found? The smallest Bacteria ever found is Mycoplasma genitalium. Mycoplasma genitalium is 200~300nm. The biggest bacteria ever found is Thiomargarita namibiensis. Thiomargarita namibiensis is 100~300micrometer which is the same as 0.1 ~ 0.3 millimeters (mm) What is the first bacteria ever found? The first bacteria ever found is similar to the current cyanobacteria. The biggest bacteria ever found was found 2 millions years ago. And did you know that the first bacteria appeared about 4 millions years ago?!!!
9
The History of Board Games By. Chloris 6CD Hello? My name is Chloris. Today, I am going to talk about the history of board games. Do you like board games? I really love them, and I am going to introduce some of them and the history of those games.
The first one I’m going to introduce is called ‘Mancala’. It is a marble game, and is so easy to play. You can move your marbles in one square, and you have to put as many as you can in the empty pig rectangular box. You have to put one in one square, while aiming to get into the rectangle. This game was played 7000 years ago in Asia and Africa. In 1400BC, it was played in stone. It is interesting, isn’t it?
Secondly, there is a board game called ‘Clue’. There are 21 cards, 6 person cards, 9 place cards, and 6 tool cards. There are Mustard, Scarlett, Picok, Plem, White, and Grin for person cards, rench, candle holder, sword, gun, pipe, and rope for tool cards, and bathroom, book shelf, game room, garage, bedroom, living room, kitchen, garden and cafeteria for place cards. You have to guess the murderer, which tools they used, and where the murder was committed.
10
The third one is ‘Blue Marble’. Blue Marble is a fun board game for two or more players. You have to prepare the board game and a dice(actually, there is a dice in the board game kit.) 1. Choose a token to play. And you have to get 3 50hundred thousand won, 6 1milion won, 6 5tousand won, and 6 one thousand won. 2. Roll the dice. 3. If you are in the country(on the board), you can buy a country or just pass it. Whenever someone passes your country, they have to pay money. To buy Seoul, you have to pay 1 million won, but when you go to Seoul, and somebody has already bought it, you have to pay 2 million won. To conclude, there are many games that have longer histories. We should be very proud of these games.
11
What is a Zombie? Kim Lynn Today, we will timetravel to the 17th century and ask people in haiti what is a zombie and why are there zombies. Traveler= Good evening. Today I am going to ask you a question. Is it ok? Person1=Of course what is your question? Traveler= What is a zombie? Person1= Oh, a zombie is a fictional undead creature attacking humans. Also, if a zombie transfers it’s blood to a human, the human turns into a zombie. Traveler=Ok. Thankyou. Traveler= Good Afternoon mam. I would like to ask you a question. Person2= Ok. Traveler= Why are there zombies? Person2= There were hundreds of slaves going to Africa and Saint-Domingue. Many slaves were dead. Throughout time, a legend was made that the dead slaves was not dead and got a spell and turned into a half voodoo. It was a pleasure and now, I am going to go back. How can zombies be made? In 1982 in Haiti, a person called Davis resulted after his investigations claimed that an alive person can be made by a
12
zombie by two powders going to humans blood stream. Also, it can happen when we mix rabies, flu virus, encephalitis virus to make high fever and to increase aggression, ebola virus to make you bleed in your guts.
13
The History of Magic Tricks Kangwoo Andrew Kim, year 5 The first magic trick was made to entertain royals and riches for fun. Later on jokes and surprising tricks were made such as turning stone to gold and shooting doves out of hands. The tricks made a lot of money and one day the king of France was introduced to a magician that turned stone to gold. And he bought it with a massive amount of gold. After the skill was found out, it was a trick to put powder on it and quickly change it into a gold stick. Later there was a real fuss in the world and a lot of people lost a lot of money trying to make the magical Philosopher's stone. A philosopher’s stone is a stone that has magical power to change anything into gold. The whole group of people were trying to make a human without a brain called ‘homunculus’. These days people are trying to make a different kind of trick. They make tricks for entertainment and money. They make cards or tissues come out of their mouths or make flowers grow in seconds. The greatest magician was voted for a person called David Copperfield who stole the statue of liberty and made all the people of the world get
14
surprised. The trick he made a wall behind the statue and wheels on the bottom and spun the statue the wall which looked like the night sky made every trick over. J.K. Rowling made children get interested in magic by writing the Harry Potter series and making children When the mutant challenge was made by James Randi the world famous Uri Geller was founded as trick tellers and used special items and lying to the world and paid over $1,000,000,000 to Randi.
15
The First Computer Jaden Kwon, Year 5 The first computer was made in the 20th century. Charles Babbage, an English mechanical engineer and polymath, originated the concept of a programmable computer. Considered the "father of the computer", he invented the first mechanical computer in the early 19th century. The first computer was called Eniac. ENIAC is made of millions of tubes but it was so heavy that people couldn't use it very much. Also it got broken so many times that it had no use of paying a lot of money. So they made a lighter and cheaper computer using a device called a transistor. It was very light and has 1000times more computer memory and is strong at hard things. However it still had less information for humans so they made the computer with IC. It was forty times stronger, smarter and lighter. That is the third computer with different computer memories. Technology has now developed further and AI robots are invented. If more and more robots are invented they might dominate humans like in the movies. By the way, WHAT IS AI?? AI is a computer that can think for itself. In the 1900's, we used to program and code robots. But nowadays the robots think of themselves. The more shocking thing is that robots already can go to space! Really, the robots have enough knowledge to go to space. Robots are fancy and very professional. So I strongly believe that humans should stop making better robots to make their own lives easier.
16
17
Elton John Steve Lee, Y6
Elton John is one of the greatest musicians from the 20th century. He plays rock and pop music. Some of his most popular songs are I’m still standing, Goodbye yellow brick road and Rocketman. He is less active but still does some tours and releases music. History Elton John was born on March 25, 1947, in Pinner, Middlesex, England. He discovered his passion and interest in music when he was very young. He started playing the piano when he was only 4 years old. Thanks to his natural musical talents, he earned a scholarship to a youth program at the Royal Academy of
18
Music in London. Unfortunately, his parents had divorced when he was young and he had a bad relationship with his father who was a part of the Royal Air Force. Elton, influenced by early rock and roll music, wanted a career as a musician. He started off as a band member of Bluesology. The reason why he changed his name is because the band’s saxophonist was called Elton Dean and the Singer was called John baldry, and he wanted to be a singer. Music His first album in his band was called Bluesology Mr. Frantic / Everyday I Have The Blues. It wasn’t the biggest success. After a few years, he moved onto his greatest solo career. His first album from his solo career is called Easter Parade. It wasn’t as successful as his future albums, but it was way better than albums from his original band. After a few years of work, came the real hit albums and songs. His first hit was called, “Your Song.” Many more hit songs came up after it such as Rocketman, Tiny Dancer and I’m Still standing. He liked to work with a lyricist who wrote the lyrics of his songs. Other Things His career didn’t just end with writing music. He also did many covers, tribute concerts and collaborations. One of his famous collaborations is, “ Don’t let the sun go down on me” with George Michael. He’s also known for singing, “Bohemian Rhapsody” with Axl Rose a rockstar, in Freddie Mercury’s Tribute concert. At one time, he was close with the legendary band, Queen, so they did a live concert in Paris performing, “The Show Must Go On.” He also has been awarded knighthood, so he is called Sir Elton John. Conclusion In conclusion, Elton John is one of the greatest pop/rock stars in history. He has done many things in his life and has gotten great fame through it.
19
Starfishes and Scallops Lisa Yoon, Erin Kim Y5
SCALLOPS Scallops are invertebrate animals that live in the sea. People eat them a lot, which is sad, but i have to admit; they are delicious. Some babies know that they have pearls inside them, and they are quite right! They are mollusks, just like oysters. Here are some species of famous scallops. Bay scallop Great scallop Queen scallop Noble scallop Placopecten magellanicus The picture of pearls are from scallops.
20
STARFISHES Starfishes are sea creatures that look like they never move, but they actually do! They can be really heavy. Some weigh up to 11 pounds. Did you know that starfishes are not fish? People sell starfishes by drying them and sticking them to gadgets to make them look pretty! They also paint them. My bestie Erin has one as well! The world is big, and there are a lot of species of starfishes! Starfishes eat INSIDE AND OUT.
21
Korea's Division Ziu Choi, Y8 After the 8.15 independence day, we were released from the ruling of Japan. However, we were still influenced by the Soviet Union/Russia and America. Those two countries could have fought each other, but as they both had atomic bombs, it was way too risky. So they agreed to draw the 38line as they decided to rule over Korea for 5 years until everything settled down. America decided to rule the south, declaring it a democracy, while the Soviet union ruled the north, declaring it a capitalist country. The agreement was that China, England, America and the Soviet union would each rule Korea for only 5 years in turn. But as conflicts arose, they passed this problem to the UN, which said to vote for a legislator. However, the Soviet Union thought that this would be unfair to them because their country did not have as many citizens as the Americans. However, free from all other opinions, the South decided to vote for themselves. Lee Sung Man became the first president of Korea. However on
22
the early morning of June 25th 1950, South Korea was invaded by North Korea, even without the declaration of war. In the beginning, South Korea was losing as we were pushed back all the way to Busan in just three days. However, with the help of the UN soldiers and their Incheon Landing operation, or operation chromite, The capital city Seoul was passed back and forth between North and South korea four times. Soon China began to take part in the war and eventually a peace treaty was made to stop the war. Until this day there remains a military demarcation line.
23
Genius Magazine
Writers Albert Ji Y5 Ziu Choi Y6 Chloris Kim Y6 Shin Song Y5 Seojin Lucy Lee Y5 Sung Yoon Lisa Lee Y5 Erin Minjee Kim Y5 Hoan Steve Lee Y6 Sunjae Jayden Kwon Y5 Kwangjoo Andrew Kim Y5 Kim Lynn Y5
24
Brought To you By:
Designers Sunwoo Layla Bu Heeseo Ginger Kim
Edotprs Sally Kim Y13 Hyena Sim Y13 Jenny Sonh Y13 Rosie Baek Y12 Angela Seo Y12 Seoyoon Park Y11 Amy Lee Y11 Lucy Lee Y11 25