THE A B D O M E N
of the liver (see Fig. 5.29b). The antrum is more elongated and is seen behind the left lobe of the liver, just to the right of the midline. In the infant, ultrasound is used in the study of the pylorus in cases of suspected pyloric stenosis. Pyloric muscle thicknesses greater than 4 mm and muscle lengths greater than 18 mm are considered abnormal. Angiography of the coeliac trunk (Figs 5.12 and 5.13) This is used to image the vessels that supply the stomach. The stomach can be filled with gas to eliminate confusing
Fig. 5.13
Branches of the coeliac artery.
rugal patterns, and to push other bowel loops out of the field of interest. THE DUODENUM (Figs 5.14 and 5.15) The duodenum extends from the pylorus to the duodenojejunal flexure, where transition to the small bowel proper is marked by the assumption of a mesentery. The first 2.5 cm of duodenum, like the stomach, is attached to the greater and lesser omentum. The remainder of the duodenum is retroperitoneal and, as a result, less mobile than the small intestine. Its anterior surface is covered by peritoneum,
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