Health Care Building Kit (HCBK) v1.0 Proposal for an open-source, digitally fabricated, locally adaptive and empowering mobile health care facility.
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DESIGN OBJECTIVES To introduce the process of digital-fabrication as potential for building Emergency Disaster and Health Care Facilities
Open-Source,Digital Fabrication Building Technology
To design not just a structure, but the process and network of design and its resources decentralizing health care response, fabrication and distribution.
= Local Design, Construction methodologies, skills and labor
HCBKv1.0
DESIGN STRATEGIES Look into and apply open-source design and building system method and technologies Utilize available material and human resources, initiatives, multi-disciplinary research of standards in developing design
PROPOSAL SIGNIFICANCE Open-Source Digitally Fabricated Locally Empowered
Why do we need to look not just at the design and building materials, but the broader scope as well?
Based on the team’s research and general observation, there is greater need to provide for medium to long term healthcare response and provision of facilities. But this depends on the assessment of health care response units, on factors such as the type of disaster, population affected and displaced, environment conditions after disaster etc. The design proposal for a HEALTH CARE BUILDING KIT provides: 1. A structure aimed to be deployed post-impact/recovery phase for medium-long term use for disaster affected areas especially at far flung islands and communities (convertible to maternal healthcare facility) And 2. Empowering a network of citizens and local communities to participate in providing health care facilities for disaster affected areas through open-source design and systems.
HCBK deployed as Emergency Disaster Health Care Facility at refugee areas hit by disaster.
HEALTH CARE BUILDING KIT v1.0 Design Proposal for the 1st UIA-UAP Design Competition for EmergencyDisaster Facilities
The design team hereby certifies that the proposed design is original and conceptualized by the team, and that they are holding UIA and UAP free from any liabilities upon publication of their design, and that any derivative or developed work will be properly cited and referenced.
Open-Source + Digitally Fabricated + Locally Empowered
HCBK v1.0 IN NUMBERS
2400
2 3
1 5
6 4
2
GSPublisherEngine 0.99.100.100
Cutting - CNC router machine cuts patterns on 19mm Thk Marine Plywood
6
MAIN STRUCTURE FRAMES
1,800
2,400
1 5 4
8 7
UP
RAMP UP
nesting, labeling, at 1.2m x 2.4m size sheets; preparation for cutting
+/- 2,640
1,800
9600
UP
3
6 3
8
4
laptop/pc 3D model
2
2
LATERAL CONNECTORS 2400
4
1
8
8 7
5
PATIENT/ CONSULTATION BEDS
1
5
2
3
6
is designed to specifically accommodate 10 beds
3
8
1
2400 RAMP UP
2400 2400
UP
RAMP UP
2400
6
7
8
8
2.2K
4 Bays = 1 Basic Structure
9600
9600
9600
number of pieces for one basic HCBK CROSS SECTION structure (excluding pegs) estimated weight in kgs of HCBK kit of parts in consideration for transport
CROSS SECTION
PATIENT/ CONSULTATION BEDS
EQUAL
2400
1400
2400
2400
2,400
+/- 2,640
1,800 5230 EQUAL
UP
PATIENT/ CONSULTATION BEDS
EQUAL
EQUAL
3
CROSS SECTION
Basic assembly methodology of HCBK (w/o site preparation)
For HCBK No screws and nails are required. Only a wooden mallet.
fabrication
1400
EQUAL
2400 2400 2400 5230
2
ASSEMBLY
4
digital interface
of Marine Plywood sheets and framing materials (excluding equipments and exterior skin)
EQUAL
1400
5230
EQUAL
DIGITAL FABRICATION PROCESS & KIT OF PARTS
1400
19mm (3/4”) THK Marine Plywood sheets needed for 1 structure (excluding building skin)
cost of a basic 112Kestimated structure based on number 450 5230
5
1
2
number of 84 estimated 2.4m (8’) x 1.2m(4’) x
EQUAL
6
8
5-10
2,400
8
2400 2400 2400 UP The HCBK is developed from the open-source digital fabrication RAMP building technology 2400 approximate days it takes of the WikiHouse. Designers can develop designs and detailing to adapt a variety of to fabricate all parts of scenarios or requirements, but still follow the principles - It can be packed, assembled the structure using one(1) and disassembled with ease, requiring minimal labor and skills. CNC-Machine This proposal specifically aims to provide the BASIC STRUCTURE for 10 PERSON/ 10BED minimum number of HEALTH/MATERNAL CARE FACILITY for communities to ‘localize’ depending on their PATIENT/ CONSULTATION BEDS persons to assemble the environmental conditions and common construction methodologies. structure HCBK is labeled v1.0 - it can be freely developed overtime as users deem appropriate.
+/- 2,640
GSPublisherEngine 0.99.100.100
HCBK v1.0 - BASIC STRUCTURE
4
5
GSPublisherEngine 0.99.100.100
1 Bay 8
1
2
2 3
1 5
4
6
Resulting Kit of Parts
4
3
8
8 7
6
5
4
2 Basic Structure Configuration
GSPublisherEngine 0.99.100.100
For larger requirements
1,800
Joinery Details
Floor, Wall and Roof
Main Structural Framing System Pegs Brace
3
Brace
CROSS SECTION
Lateral Connectors
Structure Frames
Structure Frame
FLOORING
Lateral Sheet
2,400 +/- 2,640
1- Unpack, Sort & Layout Pieces 2 -Assemble the pieces to form frames. and lateral connectors
2
3- connect frames with lateral connectos to form bays; Connect bays to form basic structure 4 - Flexibility in Expansion depending on assessed need *to disassemble, reverse the process
HEALTH CARE BUILDING KIT v1.0 Design Design Proposal Proposal for for the the 1st 1st UIA-UAP UIA-UAP Design Design Competition Competition for for EmergencyDisaster EmergencyDisaster Facilities Facilities
1 The design team hereby certifies that the proposed design is original and conceptualized by the team, and that they are holding UIA and UAP free from any liabilities upon publication of their design, and that any derivative or developed work will be properly cited and referenced.
HCBK v1.0 BASIC STRUCTURE + LOCAL CONSTRUCTION
Open-Source + Digitally Fabricated + Locally Empowered
Proposed Basic Structure Configuration in Plan View, Elevations, Sections, and an example of local, rural design and building technology
Key Indicators
Storage for medical supplies, equipments and utilities
ELEVATION 1
2400
2400
2400
ELEVATION 4
1400 EQUAL
UP
1 HCBK +/- 10 inpatient / maternity beds
Corrugated G.I. Sheet
/
Wood Posts and Roof Framing
one basic health care unit / 10,000 population (for basic health care services are offered such as consultations and prescriptions, first-aid);
9600
source: Humanitarian Charter and Minimum Standards in Humanitarian Response - Chapter 9 Minimum Standards in Health Action
ELEVATION 3
ELEVATIONS AND SECTIONS
Design of local construction takes advantage of sawali’s lightweight, low thermal capacity and system porosity properties. Strategic location of openings also aid natural ventilation, ensuring proper cooling and exchange of air.
= 1,000 Persons
5230
ELEVATION 2
PATIENT/ CONSULTATION BEDS
Materials for Local Construction Methodologies can either be provided by sponsoring organizations; local available materials from surroundings; or from usable recycled materials from the disaster affected area itself.
1:100m
Woven Sawali Roof underlining
ELEVATION 1
Sawali Wall facing and partitions, bamboo frames, wooden doors, partitions and wooden studs
ELEVATION 2
ELEVATION 3
ELEVATION 4
HCBK v1.0 CNC Cut 19mm thk Marine Plywood
1800
2400
1,800
HEALTH CARE BUILDING KIT v1.0
CROSS SECTION
LONGITUDINAL SECTION
Design Proposal for the 1st UIA-UAP Design Competition for EmergencyDisaster Facilities
Wooden Steps & ramp Cast-in-Situ Concrete Blocks/ Base
EXTERIOR ENVELOPE
2400
EQUAL
RAMP UP
EXPLODED AXONOMETRY NTS
Depending on the need assessment of lead healthcare agencies, LGU’s, or NGO’s, the HCBK can accommodate additional units to meet the required capacity or additional equipment.
ROOF SYSTEM
Patient consultation / treatment area
MAIN STRUCTURE SYSTEM
PLAN 1:100m
CROSS SECTION The design team hereby certifies that the proposed design is original and conceptualized by the team, and that they are holding UIA and UAP free from any liabilities upon publication of their design, and that any derivative or developed work will be properly cited and referenced.
150km 150km
The HCBK NETWORK Disaster response situation and production of the HCBK involves a vast network of data, technology, expertise. It promotes collaboration among organizations, institutions, individuals, and utilizes professional expertise and local skills and construction methodologies. These are all part of the design, fabrication and distribution network of emergency health care services and infrastructure. Therefore, it must be clearly identified and understood, providing a holistic approach to design.
Open-Source Digitally Fabricated Locally Empowered
Online/Off-line Access of design and cutting files at the HCBK Database Network of growing digital fabrication labs locally and abroad. Community initiated activities in collaboration with appropriate agencies
Open-Source + Digitally Fabricated + Local Empowerment Health Care Disaster Response Health Disaster HealthCare CareTimetable DisasterResponse ResponseTimetable Timetable SOURCE: SOURCE:unu.edu/publications/articles/preventing-and-controlling-inunu.edu/publications/articles/preventing-and-controlling-inSOURCE: unu.edu/publications/ fectious-diseases-after-natural-disasters (accessed January 22, 2015) fectious-diseases-after-natural-disasters (accessed January 22, 2015)
articles/preventing-and-controllinginfectious-diseases-after-naturaldisasters (accessed January 22, 2015)
150km
Phase Phase33- -RECOVERY RECOVERYPHASE PHASE EARLY EARLYWARNING WARNINGAND AND PREPAREDNESS PREPAREDNESS DISASTER DISASTER PRE-DISASTER PRE-DISASTER
Phase Phase22-POST -POSTIMPACT IMPACTPHASE PHASE Phase Phase11- -IMPACT IMPACTPHASE PHASE upto upto44days days “victims “victimsare areextricated extricatedand andinitial initialtreatment treatmentofof disaster-related disaster-relatedinjuries injuriesisisprovided” provided”
44days daysto to44weeks weeks
“the “theperiod periodwhen whenthe thefirst firstwaves wavesofofinfectious infectiousdiseases diseases (air-borne, (air-borne,food-borne, food-borne,and/or and/orwater-borne water-borneinfections) infections) might mightemerge” emerge”
after after44weeks weeks
“is “isthe theperiod periodwhen whensymptoms symptomsofofvictims victimswho whohave havecontracted contractedinfections infectionswith withlong long incubation incubationperiods periodsororthose thosewith withlatent-type latent-typeinfections infectionsmay maybecome becomeclinically clinically apparent. apparent.During Duringthis thisperiod, period,infectious infectiousdiseases diseasesthat thatare arealready alreadyendemic endemicininthe the area, area,asaswell wellasasnewly newlyimported importedones onesamong amongthe theaffected affectedcommunity, community,may maygrow grow into intoananepidemic” epidemic”
HCBK Process
This diagram shows the actions involved and how it fits to the disaster response timetable
Storage Storage
Network System For Fabrication and Distribution
Flow and Exchange of Data, Resources, Manpower Health Care Disaster Response Timetable Early EarlyWarning WarningSystems Systems/ / Disaster DisasterRisk RiskAssessment Assessment Damage DamageReporting Reporting Government Organizations, NGO’s PAGASA, PHIVOLCS etc.
SOURCE: unu.edu/publications/articles/preventing-and-controlling-inDesign Design&&Digital Digital Packing Packingand andDistribution Distribution fectious-diseases-after-natural-disasters (accessed Januaryand 22, 2015) Unpacking Assembly Unpacking and Assembly Existing Digital Fabrication Labs (DFL) Fabrication Fabrication
Proposed Regional DFL Locations Professionals, NGO’s, Volunteers
Professionals, NGO’s, Volunteers Universities, LGU’s, FABLABS
Professionals, NGO’s, Volunteers University Students, LGU’s, Local Community
Universities, LGU’s, FABLABS
Main Road Network (National Highways) 150km radius coverage
EARLY WARNING AND PREPAREDNESS DISASTER PRE-DISASTER RO-RO RO-RO
THE GLOBAL NETWORK OF DIGITAL FABRICATORS
Health HealthCare Care Facility/Maternal Facility/MaternalHealth Health Care CareFacility Facility
Disassembly Disassembly
Professionals, NGO’s, Volunteers University Students, LGU’s, Health Care Volunteers and Professionals, Patients Phase 2 -POST IMPACT PHASE Local Community
Phase 1 - IMPACT PHASE upto 4 days “victims are extricated and initial treatment of disaster-related injuries is provided”
4 days to 4 week
“the period when the first waves of infectious diseases (air-borne, food-borne, and/or water-borne infections) might emerge”
NORTH LUZON FABLAB
A global network is present to help in development of the HCBK, and can also be used and implemented in their respective countries and regions, then local construction techniques can also be applied. The world contributes to the Philippines, and the Philippines to the world.
MANILA FABLABS
Local Localavailable available transport transport
Network System For Fabrication and DistributionStorage
BOHOL FABLAB
Flow and Exchange of Data, Resources, Manpower
BICOL REGION FABLAB
Existing Digital Fabrication Labs (DFL)
WEST VISAYAS Private Private FABLAB SOUTH LUZON FABLAB
Early Warning Systems / EAST VISAYAS Vehicles, Vehicles, FABLAB Disaster Risk Assessment Trucks, Trucks,
Design & Digital Fabrication
MINDANAO FABLAB
Packing and Distribution
Unpacking and Asse
Main Road Network (National Highways) 150km radius coverage
Damage Reporting
Aerial AerialVehicles Vehicles Manned Manned Unmanned WEST / /Unmanned
Proposed Regional DFL Locations
EAST MINDANAO FABLAB CENTRAL MINDANAO FABLAB
NORTH LUZON FABLAB
Manual Transport
MANILA FABLABS
BOHOL FABLAB BICOL REGION FABLAB WEST VISAYAS FABLAB
RO-RO via RO-RO (inter-island)
SOUTH WEST LUZON FABLAB
SOUTH LUZON FABLAB
Local available transport WEST Local available i.e. jeepneys/sidecars MINDANAO transport
SOUTH WEST LUZON FABLAB
FABLAB
delivery Private trucks, flat-beds container, Vehicles, pick-up trucks Trucks,
FABLAB GLOBAL NETWORK
The PH network of Digital Fabrication Labs is growing. First gov’t initiated FABLAB is in Bohol. Manila has a growing network in schools, but already has seen a number of privately run fablabs being set-up. Design is ‘open-source’, it will be more accessible by anyone with internet access.
HEALTH CARE BUILDING KIT v1.0 Design Proposal for the 1st UIA-UAP Design Competition for EmergencyDisaster Facilities
future: UAV’s Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Aerial Vehicles Manned / Unmanned for severely damaged, and inaccessible areas.
The design team hereby certifies that the proposed design is original and conceptualized by the team, and that they are holding UIA and UAP free from any liabilities upon publication of their design, and that any derivative or developed work will be properly cited and referenced.
EAST VISAYAS FABLAB
CENTRAL MINDANAO FABLAB
The HCBK v1.0 APPLICATION
HCBK in various application scenarios in the Philippines
Open-Source + Digitally Fabricated + Local Empowerment
HCBK deployed as Health Care / Maternal Health Care Facility at far-flung/rural areas
HCBK as Health Care facility of a village community in far-flung rural areas affected by disaster
HEALTH HEALTH CARE CARE BUILDING BUILDING KIT KIT v1.0 v1.0 Design Design Proposal Proposal for for the the 1st 1st UIA-UAP UIA-UAP Design Design Competition Competition for for EmergencyDisaster EmergencyDisaster Facilities Facilities
Inside the HCBK Health Care Facility used as Maternal Health Care Facility
The Thedesign designteam teamhereby herebycertifies certifiesthat thatthe theproposed proposeddesign designisisoriginal original and andconceptualized conceptualizedby bythe theteam, team,and andthat thatthey theyare areholding holdingUIA UIAand andUAP UAP free freefrom fromany anyliabilities liabilitiesupon uponpublication publicationof oftheir theirdesign, design,and andthat thatany any derivative derivativeor ordeveloped developedwork workwill willbe beproperly properlycited citedand andreferenced. referenced.
1st UIA-UAP Design Competition for Emergency Facilities Arch. Patrick Andrew Y. Tanhuanco, UAP & Arch. John Michael M. Andaluz, UAP Health Care Building Kit v1.0 (HCBK)
T
he development of the team’s project solution is driven by two primary objectives namely: to introduce Digital Fabrication and its potential to facilitate the development of emergency facilities, and to utilize a research-based approach for a holistic design solution –this will not just limit the design to the form and performance of the structure but in consideration of other important factors such as the potential of the network of communities, actions and resources involved. HCBK will have a significant contribution to the field of health care facilities provision with its characteristics of being :
Open-Source, Digitally Fabricated and Locally Empowered.
The design of the structure takes precedence from the WikiHouse (CC-BY-SA 4.0), an open-source building system. The design team developed a building kit, that will be accessible to the public via the internet, and users will be able to fabricate the kit and assemble it themselves with the help of the growing network of Fabrication Labs (FABLAB) in the Philippines and globally. The advantage of being open-source allows further collaboration among individuals and/or groups to develop, iterate and improve on the structure’s design and its parts (hence v1.0) - such as the efficiency of material use, detail of the building envelope, storage spaces etc., depending on program need and local geographic scope. Fabrication of parts takes less than two weeks (provided only one CNC router is available), and it can also be decentralized to the nearest disaster response areas or FABLABS for improving logistics of distribution of the ‘Kit of parts’.
Assembly and disassembly of the ‘kit of parts’ requires no more than 2 persons and 2-3 days depending on speed and complexity of design. With proper disaster risk/impact assessment by health agencies, producing the building kit is economical given that only what is needed is produced without excesses, and waste can be recycled or used as a building material. This is achieved by analyzing - HOW the provision of the structure fits in the time-table of disaster and healthcare management of disaster-hit areas and rural areas; and the WHO, WHAT WHEN - the network of resources and its time and cost implications (such as design, fabrication, distribution and assembly). The final aim is to provide a building morphology of mobile disaster health care/maternal health care facility that is flexible to accommodate expansion, which is possible through the available kit of parts; And/or transform to a more permanent structure to be placed at far-flung communities should the need arise. ‘Health Care Building Kit’ (HCBK) as developed by the design team is holistic - from the concept of a shared HCBK network, branding and logo design, and a prototype (hence v1.0). This to be freely distributed in the proposed HCBK network, and to the existing and ever growing global digital fabrication community as well. This empowers not just access to quality health care service facilities, but more importantly allowing others to take part in the process in providing health care facilities for lesser developed communities and disaster hit areas.
HEALTH CARE BUILDING KIT v1.0 Design Proposal for the 1st UIA-UAP Design Competition for EmergencyDisaster Facilities
The design team hereby certifies that the proposed design is original and conceptualized by the team, and that they are holding UIA and UAP free from any liabilities upon publication of their design, and that any derivative or developed work will be properly cited and referenced.