hn- B¿- h-N

ap-gp-h≥ h-\n-Xm `-c-W-hp-am-hmw

tUm. ]n ]n _m-e≥

h-\n-Xm kw-h-c-W-sØ Ip-dn-®v ]-d-bp-tºmƒ l-cn-bm-W-bn-se Im-cy-am-Wv Hm¿-Ω h-cp-∂-Xv. l-cn-bm-W-bn-se ta-hm-Sv Pn-√-bn-se \nw-th-Z ]©m-b-Øn-em-Wv kw-`-hw. Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏n-s‚ \dp-s°-Sp-∏v \-S-∂-t∏mƒ {]-kn-U-≠v ÿm-\w h\n-X-°v. A-t∏mƒ \m-´p-Im¿ H-Øp-Iq-Sn H-cp Imcyw sN-bv-Xp. C-°p-dn F-√m ko-‰n-epw h-\n-XIƒ a-’-cn-°-s´. ]-Xn-s\m-∂w-K ]-©m-b-Øn¬ A-ß-s\ ap-gp-h-\pw h-\n-X-Iƒ Xn-c-s™-Sp-°s∏-´p. B-Zy-sØ H-cp h¿-jw A-h-cp-sS `¿-Ømthm a-°-tfm k-tlm-Z-c-ß-tfm \n-g¬ t]m-se ]n-¥p-S¿-∂p. ]n-∂o-Sv A-h¿-°v Im-cy-߃ ]n-Sn In-´n-b-t∏mƒ ]p-cp-j-∑m-sc `-c-W Im-cy-Øn¬ A-h¿ C-S-s]-So-®n-√. Np-cp-ßn-b Im-ew sIm≠v ]-©m-b-Øn-s\ A-h¿ a-Zy hn-ap-‡-am-°n. kv-Iq-fn-se sIm-gn-™p-t]m-°v X-S-™p. \q-dpi-X-am-\w lm-P-cp-≠m-°n. Io-S-߃ Ir-jn \\-K-c-ß-fn-se- hn-tI-{μo-Ir-X -P-\-]-¶m-fn-Ø -hyh-ÿ-bn¬ -ap≥-t]- \-S-∂- kw-ÿm-\-am-Wv-tI-c-fw. H-cp -e-£-Øn-\p -ap-I-fn¬ -P-\-kw-Jy-bp-≈-F-√m- \K-c-k-` -{]-tZ-i-ß-fn-epw -hm¿-Uv- I-Ωn-‰n-Iƒ -cq-]o-Icn-°m-\pw -H-cp- e-£-Øn¬ -I-hn-bm-Ø -P-\-kw-Jybp-≈- \-K-c-k-` -{]-tZ-i-ß-fn¬- hm¿-Uv-k-`-Iƒ- cq]o-I-cn-°m-\pw- tI-c-f-Øn-se ap-\n-kn-∏¬- \n-b-awA-\p-im-kn-°p-∂p. 1996˛-97¬ -B-cw-`n-® -P-\-Io-bmkq-{X-W -{]-ÿm-\w- ]-¶m-fn-Ø- hy-h-ÿ-bn-ep-≈ {]m-tZ-in-I -B-kq-{X-W-Øn-\v Xp-S-°-an-Sp-I-bpw- cmPy-Øn-\m-sI -H-cp -am-Xr-I-bm-hp-I-bpw -sN-bv-Xp. A°m-e-sØ -A-{X- P-\-]-¶m-fn-Øw -C-∂n-s√-¶n-epw {]mtZ-in-I B-kq-{X-Ww -C-∂pw -Xp-S¿-∂p-t]m-Ip-∂p. ]-Xn-aq-∂mw- ]-©-h-’-c- ]-≤-Xn-bn¬ -H-cp- c-≠mw -P\-Io-bm-kq-{X-W -{]-ÿm-\w- Xp-S-ßp-∂-Xn-s\-∏-‰n- ]d-bp-∂p-ap≠v. A-Xv bm-Ym¿-Yy-am-hp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬h-f-sc -\-√- H-cp- Np-h-Sp-h-bv-]m-Ipw. hm¿-Uv-I-Ωn-‰n-°p -Io-gn-em-bn, H-t∂m- A-Xn¬Iq-Sp-X-tem -D-≈ -t]m-fn-Mv- _q-Øp-Iƒ- H-cp-an-®p-tN¿Ø- G-cn-b -k-`-Iƒ -ap-\n-kn-∏¬ -\n-b-a-Øn-s‚ -`mK-am-tI-≠-Xp-≠v. C-Xv hn-tI-{μo-I-c-Ww -Iq-Sp-X¬A¿-∞-h-Øm-°p-I-bpw -`-c-W-hy-h-ÿ -P-\-ß-fp-sSA-Sp-tØ-°v- F-Øn-°p-I-bpw -sN-øpw. tI-c-f -ap≥kn-∏¬ -\n-b-aw- ]-¶m-fn-Ø -_-Uv-P-‰nw-Kn-\v- A-\p-imkn-°p-∂n-√. Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]p-cw- \-K-c-k-`m 2019 sXm´p- ]-¶m-fn-Ø- _-Uv-P-‰nw-Kn-\v Xp-S-°-an-s´-¶n-epw, CXv- \n-b-aw-h-gn- ÿm-]-\- kw-_-‘n-bm-°n-bm¬- F√m- \-K-c-k-`-I-fn-te-°pw- hym-]n-∏n-°p-hm≥- I-gn-bpw. in-∏n-°p-Xn-s\ Xp-S¿-∂v kz-¥-am-bn Io-S-\m-in\n I-≠p-]n-Sn-®p. A-tXm-sS Ir-jn-bpw \-∂m-bn...' kw-`-h-a-dn-™v cm-{„-]-Xn ]-©m-b-Øn¬ t\-cns´-Øn P-\-{]-Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ-°v ]m-cn-tXm-jn-Iw \¬In-bn-cp-∂p. C-Xn-s‚ B-th-iw -sIm-≠m-hmw lnam-N¬-{]-tZ-in¬ A-©p ]-©m-b-Øp-Iƒ ]q¿W-am-bpw h-\n-Xm ]-©m-b-Øm-bn. l-cn-bm-W kwÿm-\w I-gn-™ G-gmw Xo-b-Xn H-cp Xo-cp-am-\sa-Sp-Øp: tam-iw {]-I-S-\w Im-gv-N-sh-°p-∂ ]©m-b-Øv P-\-{]-Xn-\n-[n-I-sf Xn-cn-®p-hn-fn-°m-\p≈ \n-b-aw ]m-km-°n. {Km-a-k-` tN¿-∂v aq-∂n¬ c-≠p-`m-Kw `q-cn-]-£-tØm-sS A-hn-izm-k-{]-ta-bw ]m-km-°n-bm¬ A-Ø-cw P-\{]-Xn-\n-[nIƒ-°v Aw-K-Xzw \-„-s∏-Spw. A-Xn-\m¬ Aw-K-߃ {Kma-k-`-sb t]-Sn-°pw. ln-am-N¬-{]-tZ-in¬ \q-tdm-fw ]-©m-b-ØpI-fn¬ tIm-S-Xn-t°-kp-Iƒ \n-e-hn-en-√. Im-c-Ww ]-©m-b-Øp-Iƒ-°v Pp-Uo-jy¬ A-[n-Im-cw D-≈Xn-\m¬ P-\-߃ {]-iv-\-߃ A-hn-sS-Ø-s∂ ]-cn-l-cn-°p-∂p. tI-c-f-hpw am-dn- Nn-¥n-t°-≠n-

5 . \-K-c-`-c-W-Øn¬- P-\-]-¶m-fn-Ø-hpwkp-Xm-cy-X-bpw -i-‡n-s∏-Sp-Øp-I

bn-cn-°p-∂p. kw-ÿm-\w -H-cp -s]m-Xp-sh-fn-s∏-Sp-ج -\n-baw- A-Y-hm ']-ªn-Iv- Un-kv-t¢m-k¿- tem' \-S-∏m°n-bn-´p-s≠-¶n-epw, ap-\n-kn-∏¬ -hm¿-U v-se-h¬- _-

P-‰p-Iƒ, \-K-c-k-`m-{]-h¿-Ø-\-߃, tk-h-\- X-e߃- Xp-S-ßn-b -P-\-ß-f-dn-tb-≠ -A-Sn-ÿm-\ -\-Kc-k-`m-hn-h-c-߃ -Hm-∏¨- Um-‰ -t^m¿-am-‰p-I-fn¬\¬-Im≥ -ap-\n-kn-∏m-en-‰n-I-sf -t{]m-’m-ln-∏n-°p∂n-√. A¿-∞-]q¿-W-am-bn- \-K-c-`-c-W-Øn¬- ]-¶mfn-Ifm-h-Ww- F-∂p-s≠-¶n¬ -P-\-߃-°pw- kn-hn¬ -skm-ssk-‰n-°pw -am-[y-a-߃-°pw- hn-i-I-e-\w -sNøm≥-]-‰p-∂ "B-Ivj\-_vƒ- Um-‰m' e-`n-°-Ww. C-

Xn-\p- Hm-∏¨- Um-‰m- t^m¿-am-‰v- k-lm-bn-°p-∂p.

C-Ø-cw -hy-h-ÿ-Iƒ- \-K-c-k-`-°v- P-\-ß-tfm-Sp-≈ -D-Ø-c-hm-Zn-Øw- h¿-[n-∏n-°p-I-bpw- sN-øp-∂p. Xo¿®-bm-bpw -P-\-]-¶m-fn-Ø-tØm-sS-bp-≈-, kp-Xm-cy-amb- `-c-W-hy-h-ÿ -P-\m-[n-]-Xy- \-K-c-ß-fp-sS- A-Snÿm-\- L-S-I-am-Wv.

D-]-kw-lm-cw

\-K-c-ß-fp-sS -]-cn-jv-I-c-W-Øn-\v- tI-{μ-˛-kwÿm-\- k¿-°m-cp-Iƒ- H-cp-an-®p -{]-h¿-Øn-t°-≠-Xp≠v. `-c-W-L-S-\-bp-sS -G-gmw- sj-Uyqƒ -{]-Im-cw\-K-c-߃- kw-ÿm-\ -]-cn-[n-bn-em-Wv h-cp-∂-Xv. AXpsIm-≠p-X-s∂ -\-K-c-ß-fp-sS -]-cn-jv-I-c-W-Øn-\v hn-f-t°-t¥-≠-Xv kw-ÿm-\- k¿-°m-cp-I-fm-Wv. \K-c-߃ -A-`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-°p-∂ -{]-Xy-£ -{]-iv-\-ßsf- t\-cn-Sp-tºm-gpw -A-Xn-s‚- aq-e -Im-c-W-sØ -a-\kn-em-°p-I-bpw- A-Xv- ]-cn-l-cn-°p-I-bpw- th-Ww. hy-h-ÿm-]-c-am-b -]-cn-jv-I-c-W-߃-°p -am-{X-ta- \Ωp-sS- \-K-c-ß-sf- b-Ym¿-∞-Øn¬ -]-cn-h¿-Ø-\wsN-øm≥- I-gn-bq.