A-ta-cn-°-bp-sS G-I {]-kn-U‚v tXm-‰p; km-aq-ly- \o-Xncm-jv-{So-bw A-h-km-\n-°p-∂p?

a-fi¬ cm-jv-{So-b-Øn-s‚ kmw-kv-Im-cn-I-am-b \o-°n-bn-cn-∏v F¥m-Wv? km-º-Øn-I D-Zm-c-h¬-°-c-W-hpw a-‰pw kr-jv-Sn-s®-Sp°p-∂ km-aq-ly-{]-Xn-k-‘n-Iƒ-°v _-Z¬ A-h-X-cn-∏n-°m≥ afi¬ cm-jv-{So-b-Øn-\v I-gn-bm-Xn-cp-∂-sX-¥p-sIm-≠v? _o-lm¿ sX-c-s™-Sp-∏n-s‚ ]-›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ H-cp cm-jv-{So-b hn-Nm-cw.

km-aq-ly- \o-Xncm-jv-{So-bw A-h-km-\n-°p-∂p?

A-ar-Xv-em¬

a-fi¬ I-Ωo-j≥ {]-Jym-]-\Øn-\v aq-∂p ]-Xn-‰m-≠v I-gn-bp-∂ k-μ¿-`-Øn-em-Wv _o-lm-dn¬ Xnc-s™-Sp-∏v \-S-∂-Xv. hn.]n knwKv Iq-´p-a-{¥n-k-`-bm-Wv H-cp ]-Xn‰m-≠v ap-ºv P-\-Xm k¿-°m¿ \nb-an-®, I-Ωo-j-s‚ dn-t∏m¿-´v \-S∏n-em-°m≥ Xo-cp-am-\n-®-Xv. _olm-dpImc\mb tkm-jyen-Ãv t\Xm-hv cmw-hn-em-kv ]m-kzm-\m-Wv IΩo-j-s‚ \-S-]-Sn-{I-a-ßfpw k¿°m¿ \-b-hpw \n-b-aam-°m≥ {]b-Xv-\n-®-Xv. Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]p-c-Øp-Imc≥ sF-F-F-kv D-tZym-K-ÿ≥ ]nF-kv Ir-jv-W-\m-bn-cp-∂p A-∂v hIp-∏v sk-{I-´-dn. a-fi¬ h-S-t°bn-¥y-bn¬ P-\-߃-°n-S-bn¬ hen-b tN-cn-Xn-cn-hv kr-jv-Sn-°p-Ibpw cm-{„o-b `q-]-S-sØ am-‰n-a-dn°p-I-bpw sN-bv-Xp. a-fi¬ Xp-S°-an-´ ]n-t∂m-° Pm-Xn im-‡oI-c-Ww D-Ø¿-{]-tZ-iv, _o-lm¿ kw-ÿm-\-ß-fn-se Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏vcm-jv-{So-b-sØ A-∂p ap-X¬ kzm[o\n®pt]mcp∂p. a-fi-en-\v F-Xn-sc ln-μp-sFIyw F-∂ ap-{Zm-hm-Iy-hp-am-bn _nsP-]n cm-aaμn¿ cm-jv-{So-b-Øn-\v Xp-S-°-an-Sp-I-bpw _m-_v-dn-a-kv-PnZv s]m-fn-°p-∂-Xn-\v A-c-ßpw Bfpw A¿-∞-hpw \¬-Ip-I-bpw sNbv-Xp. F-∂n-cn-°n-epw a-fi¬ _nsP-]n-sb-bpw kzm-[o-\n-®p. ln-μp ta¬-Pm-Xn-bp-sS \n-b-{¥-W-Øn¬ {]-h¿-Øn-®p-t]m-∂ _n-sP-]n ]nt∂m-°-Pm-Xn-bn¬ \n-∂p-ap-≈ t\Xm-°-sf t\-Xr-ÿm-\-Øv F-Øn°p-I-bpw A-h¿-°v ap-Jy-a-{¥n-]Z-hn h-sc \¬-Ip-I-bpw sN-bv-Xp ˛ I-eym¨-knw-Kv, D-am-`m-c-Xn, inhcmPv knwKv Nulm≥ ap-X¬ G-‰-hp-sam-Sp-hn¬ \-tc-{μ-tam-Un hsc _n-sP-]n-bp-sS a-fi¬-h¬-°c-W-Øn-s‚ {]-Xn-\n-[n-I-fm-Wv. afi¬-h¬-°-c-W-Øn-s‚ cm-jv-{Sobw Xn-cn-®-dn-™v A-Xn-s\ B-bp[oIcn-®p-sIm-≠v ln-μp-Xz-cm-jv-{Sobw i-‡n-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ I-gn-™pF-∂-Xv _n-sP-]n-bp-sS an-Sp-°v. a-fi¬ cm-jv-{So-bw ln-μp- PmXn-Iƒ-°n-S-bn¬ cm-jv-{So-bm-[n-Imc-Øn-s‚ P-\m-[n-]-Xy-h¬-°-c-Ww F-∂v hm-bn-°-s∏-´-t∏mƒ _n-sP]n A-Xn-s\ ln-μp-Xz-cm-jv-{So-b-Øns‚ {]-Xy-b-im-kv-{X N-´-°q-´n-\-IØv Dƒ-s°m-≈n-°m≥ {i-an-®n-´p≠v. F∂m¬ kw-h-c-W-hn-cp-≤ cmjv-{So-bw ˛ km-º-Øn-I kw-h-cW-sa-∂ Bi-bw D-Zm-l-c-Ww ˛ ap-X¬ Po-hn-X-ssi-eo \n-b-{¥-Ww h-sc-bp-≈ \-S-]-Sn-Ifn¬°q-Sn ˛ aX-]-cn-h¿-Ø-\-Øn-s\Xn-sc-bp-≈ \n-b-a-\n¿Ωm-Ww, sh-Pn-t‰-dn-b\n-k-Øn-s‚ ln-μpXzh¬-°-c-Ww Xp-Sßn-b-h D-Zm-l-c-W߃ ˛ _n-sP-]n k¿°m-cp-Iƒ a-fi¬-cmjv-{So-b-Øn-s‚ hn-πhmw-iw tNm¿-Øn-°-fbp-∂p≠v. bp-]n-bn-te-bpw _o-lm-dn-te-bpw cm-jv{So-b-cw-K-Øv a-fi-ens‚ cq-]-]-cn-Wm-a-߃ hy-‡-am-Wv. a-fi-en\p-ti-jw a-fi¬ cmjv-{So-b-Øn-s‚ {]-Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ am{X-am-Wv _o-lm¿ `-cn-®n-´p-≈-Xv. B-Zy-sØ ]-Xn-\-©p-h¿-jw emep-{]-km-Zpw `m-cy dm-_v-dn tZ-hnbp-am-sW-¶n¬ ]n-∂o-Sp-≈ ]-Xn-\©p-h¿-j-°m-ew ap-Jy-a-{¥n-bm-bXv \n-Xo-jv Ip-am-dm-Wv. em-ep-hn\pw \n-Xo-jn-\pw ]p-d-ta a-fi¬ cm-jv-{So-b-Øn-se {]-[m-\n-bm-b aq∂m-a≥ cmw-hn-em-kv ]m-kzm-\m-Wv. t]m-Ã-dp-I-fn-sem-∂pw em-ep-hn-s√¶n-epw em-ep-hn-s‚ {]-Xy-£-a-√mØ km-∂n-[yw Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏v {]Nm-c-W-Øn¬ \n-™p -\n∂ncp-∂p.Xncs™Sp∏n¬ X\n°v Xncn®Snbp≠mIpsa∂v IcpXnb \n-Xo-jmI-s´ X-s‚ A-h-km-\-sØ Xn-cs™-Sp-∏v B-Wn-sX-∂v {]-Jym-]n®p. Np-cp-°n-∏-d-™m¬ a-fi¬ Xm-c-ß-fm-°n-b aq-∂p cm-jv-{So-b°m-cp-sS A-h-km-\-sØ Xn-c-

s™-Sp-∏m-Wv _o-lm-dn¬ A-ctß-dnb-Xv ˛ cmw-hn-em-kv ]mkzm≥ a-c-W-s∏-´p-sh-¶n-epw a-I≥ Nn-cm-Kv thm-´v tNm-Zn-®-Xv cmw-hnem-kn-s‚ t]-cn-em-W-t√m. Cu aq-h¿ kw-L-Øn-s‚ ]n≥hm-߬ a-fi¬ cm-jv-{So-b-Øns‚ A-¥yw Ip-dn-°p-tam? C-√, F∂p-X-s∂ ]-d-tb-≠n-h-cpw. _n-sP]n H‰bv°v `-c-W-Øn-se-Øn-bm¬ IqSn 90 Iƒ-°v ap-ºp-≈ _o-lmdn-te-°v H-cp a-S-°-ap-≠m-In-√. tXP-kzn-bm-I-s´ a-fi¬ D-b¿-Ønb km-aq-ly-\o-Xn cm-jv-{So-b-sØ {]-Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p-ºmƒ t]m-epw A-Xn-\p-]p-d-sa sXm-gn¬ F-s∂mcp hm-Kv-Zm-\w Iq-Sn ap-tºm-´p-sh®ncp∂p. em-ep km-aq-ly-\o-Xn-sb \n¿-Δ-Nn-®-Xn-\-∏p-dw a-fi¬ cm{„o-b-sØ \n-Xo-jv ap-tºm-´p sIm-≠p-t]m-bn-cn-°p-∂p. D-]-Pm-Xncm-jv-{So-bw ap-t∂m-´p-sh-®v FIvkv{Sow-en _m-°v-th-Uv (EBC) PmXn-Iƒ F-s∂m-cp Xn-cn-hv ]n-t∂m° kw-h-c-W-Øn¬ kr-jv-Sn-°p-Ibpw X-s‚ ]m¿-´n-bn¬ bm-Z-th-Xc ]n-t∂m-°-Pm-Xn-Iƒ-°v {]m-Xn\n-[yw D-d-∏p-h-cp-Øp-I-bpw sN-bvXp-sIm-≠m-Wv \n-Xo-jv a-fi¬-cmjv-{So-b-sØ {]-tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Ønb-Xv. F-¶n-epw \n-Xo-jn-s‚ G-‰hpw h-en-b cm-jv-{So-b-hn-π-hw kv{Xo im-‡o-I-c-W-Øn-\v \¬-In-b {]m-[m-\y-am-Wv. X-t±-i-kz-bw-`-c-W ÿm-]-\-ß-fn¬ kv-{Xo-kw-h-c-Ww D-d-∏m-°n-bpw s]¨-Ip-´n-I-fp-sS hn-Zym-`ym-k-Øn-\v {]m-[m-\yw \¬In-bpw kv-{Xo-I-sf \n-Xo-jv X-s‚ H-cp \n-tbm-P-I-a-fi-e-am-°n F∂p ]-d-bmw. a-Zy \n-tcm-[-\-hpw CtX \n-tbm-P-I-afie-Øn-s‚ B{K-l-am-bn-cp-∂p. {I-a-k-am-[m-\-Øn\v \¬-In-b {]m-[m-\y-hpw \n-Xojn-\v kv-{Xo-Iƒ-°n-S-bn¬ kzm-[o\-ap-≠m-°n-bn-cp-∂p. s]¨-a-°-sf X-g-™p-sIm-≠v B¨-a-°ƒ-°v {]m-[m-\yw \¬-In-b em-ep-hn-s‚ \-S-]-Sn i-cn-tbm F-∂v H-cp Xn-cs™-Sp-∏v {]-kw-K-Øn¬ \n-Xo-jv tNm-Zn-®-Xv h-en-b H-®-∏m-Sp-≠m-°nbn-cp-∂p. B tNm-Zyw e-£y-an-´Xv kv-{Xo thm-´¿-am-sc-bm-bn-cp-∂p. tem-ly-bp-sS {]-[m-\-s∏-´ cm-jv{So-b A-P-≠-I-fn¬ kv-{Xo-im-‡oI-c-W-hpw A-h-cp-sS s]m-Xp-cw-KsØ-bpw sXm-gn-en-S-sØ-bpw {]mXn-\n-[yhpw s]-Sp-∂p-≠-t√m. Cu Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏n¬ \n-Xo-jn-s‚ ]°¬ A-h-ti-jn-® A-h-km-\-sØ B-bp-[-am-bncp∂p kv-{Xo-thm-´v. CØ-h-W-bpw \n-Xo-jn-s‚ I-∏¬ I-c-bv-°-Sp-ØXns‚ {][m\ ImcWw Xncs™Sp∏v tbmKßfn¬ ImWmXncp∂ \n»_vZamb Cu kv{Xothm´mbncp∂ncn°Ww. a-fi¬ ]-cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-b Z-fn-Xv tkm-jy-en-Ãm-Wv ]m-kzm≥. X-t‚-Xm-b cm-{„o-b hy-‡n-Xz-ap≠m-bn-cp-∂ A-]q¿-Δw Z-fn-Xv cmjv-{So-b-°m-cn-sem-cm-fm-bn-cp-∂ ]mkzm≥ Aw-t_-Zv-I-ssd-‰v [m-c-bn¬ \n-∂v hy-Xy-kv-X-am-bn tem-ly tkm-jy-en-Ãp cm-jv-{So-b-Øn¬ IqSn-bm-Wv h-f¿-∂-Xv. X-s‚ Z-fn-Xv kz-Xz-sØ \n-cm-I-cn-°m-sX Xs∂ tkm-jy-en-Ãv {]-ÿm-\-Øns‚ tZ-io-b t\-Xm-°-fn-sem-cm-fmbn ]m-kzm≥ h-f¿-∂p. `m-hn C¥y≥ {]-[m-\-a-{¥n F-∂v hn-]n knw-Kv t]-sc-Sp-Øv ]-d-™-Xv ]mkzm-s\-°p-dn-®m-Wv. Im≥-jn-dmw Dƒ-s∏-sS ]-e Z-fn-Xv cm-jv-{So-b-°mcpw a-fi-en-s\ kw-i-b-tØm-sS I-≠-t∏mƒ ]m-kzm≥ A-Xn-\p-th≠n \n-e-sIm-≠p. F-∂m¬, afi¬ A-gn-®p-hn-´ sIm-Sp-¶m-‰v IS-]p-g-°n-b h≥-a-c-ß-fn¬ ]m-kzm\pw s]-Spw. ap-em-bw-knw-Kv bm-Zhpw em-ep {]-km-Zpw ]n-t∂m-° Pm-Xn im-‡o-I-c-W-Øn-s‚ Kp-Wt`m-‡m-°-fm-b-t∏mƒ ]m-kzm-\v Xm-c-X-tay-\ F-Æ-Øn¬ Ip-d-hmb X-s‚ Pm-Xn-bp-sS t\-Xm-hm-bn Np-cp-tß-≠n h-∂p. km-aq-ly-\o-Xn cm-jv-{So-bw ˛ Aw-t_-Zv-°-dpw s]-cn-bm-dpw temly-bpw D-b¿-Øn-∏n-Sn-® cm-jv-{Sobw ˛ Pm-Xym-[n-]-Xy-Øn-s‚ cm-jv{So-b-am-bn a-fi¬ Np-cp-°n F-∂p hm-Zn-°mw. FÆØn¬ Ipd™ kapZmbßfn¬ P\n® N-{μ-tiJ-dn-\pw tPm¿-÷v s^¿-Wm-≠-kn-

\pw ]m-kzm-\p-sam-s° X-´-Iw \jv-S-s∏-´ A-h-ÿ-bp-≠m-bn. PmXym-Xo-X-am-b H-cp km-aq-ly-\o-Xncm-jv-{So-bw a-fi¬ A-km-[p-hm°n F-∂ hn-a¿-i-\w D-b¿-∂n-´p≠v. F-Æ-Øn¬ Iq-Sp-X-ep-≈ PmXn-bp-sS ta¬-t°m-bv-am cm-jv-{Sob-am-bn A-Xv ]-e-bn-S-Øpw Np-cpßn F-∂-Xv i-cn-bm-Wv. Z-fn-Xv cmjv-{So-b-Øn-epw C-tX {]-{In-b Ac-tß-dn-bn-´p-≠v. _o-lm-dn¬ ]mkzm-≥, Zp-km-[p-I-fp-sS (]mkzm≥) Pm-Xn-t\-Xm-hm-bn Np-cpßn-b-Xv \n-Xo-jv a-lm-Z-fn-Xv F-∂ kw-h-c-W Im-‰-K-dn kr-jv-Sn-°p-∂Xv h-gn Iq-Sn-bm-Wv. kw-ÿm-\-sØ 23 Z-fn-Xv Pm-Xn-I-fn¬ F-Æ-Øn¬ Iq-Sp-X-ep-≈ ]m-kzm-s\ H-gn-hm-°n a-s‰-√m-‰n-t\-bpw \n-Xo-jv a-lm-Zfn-Xv K-W-Øn¬-s∏-Sp-Øn. Pn-X≥ dmw am-Qn-sb-t∏m-ep-≈ (ap-kml¿ Pm-Xn) t\-Xm-°ƒ s]m-¥nh-∂-Xv A-ß-s\-bm-Wv. bp-]n-bn-emI-s´ am-bm-h-Xn C-∂v Pm-Z-hv (Nam¿) Pm-Xn-bp-sS t\-Xm-hm-bn Npcp-ßn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. l-{Xmkn¬ Zm-cp-W-am-bn sIm-√-s∏-´-Xv h¬-ao-In Pm-Xn-bn-se s]¨-Ip-´nbm-Wv. A-hn-sS am-bm-h-Xn-bp-sS km-∂n-[yap≠mImXncp∂Xpw AXn-\p-ti-jw A-h¿ _n-sP-]n-bp-ambn cm-Py-k-`m Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏n¬ ssI-tIm¿-°m≥ X-øm-dm-b-Xpw Cu k-μ¿-`-Øn¬ {]k‡amWv. Pm-Xn-sb-∂ t{i-Wo-Ir-X A-[n-Imc-hy-h-ÿ km-tlm-Z-cy-Øn-t‚-bpw \o-Xn-bp-tS-bpw cm-jv-{So-b-sØ Akm-[y-am-°p-∂-Xv C-ß-t\-bp-amWv. Npcp°Øn¬ afi¬ cmjv{SobsØ ]cmPbs∏SpØm≥ D]tbmKn® Bbp[߃ afi¬ cmjv{SobØn\IØv \n∂p Is≠Sp°s∏´hbmWv.

a-fi¬ km-[y-am-°n-b D-]-PmXn im-‡o-I-c-W-sØ _n-sP-]nbpw X-{¥-]q¿-Δw ap-X-se-Sp-Øn-´p≠v. ]n-t∂m-° hn-`m-K-ß-fn-se D]-Pm-Xn Xn-cn-hp-I-fpw a-’-c-hpw apX-se-Sp-Øp-sIm-≠p X-s∂-bm-Wv bp-]n-bn¬ _nsP]n A-[n-Im-cw ]n-Sn-s®-Sp-Ø-Xv. k-am-Pv-hm-Zn cm-jv{So-bw bm-Z-h cm-jv-{So-b-am-bpw IpSpw-_ cm-jv-{So-b-am-bpw Np-cp-ßnb-t∏mƒ _n-sP-]n ap-kv-enw hn-cp≤-X-bn-eq-∂n-b cm-a cm-jv-{So-b-sØ D-]-tbm-Kn-®v bm-Z-th-X-c ln-μp Pm-Xn-I-fp-am-bn k-Jy-s∏-´p. cm-a cm-jv-{So-b-sØ X-s∂ ]-e Pm-XnIƒ-°pw C-Sw \¬-Ip-∂ X-c-Ønep-≈ H-cp _r-l-Zv ]m-c-º-cy-am-bn kw-L-]-cn-hm¿ F-t∂ am-‰n-°-gn™n-cn-°p-∂p. Pm-Xym-Xo-X-am-b ln-μp-sF-Iyw F-∂v ]-d-bp-∂-Xns\m-∏w B cm-jv-{So-b-Øn-s‚ kmwkv-Im-cn-I a-fi-e-Øn¬ ]-e PmXn-I-tf-bpw A-Xm-Xp Pm-Xn-k-aql-ß-fn¬ \n-e-\n-∂p-t]m-Ip-∂ anØp-I-fpw B-Jym-\-ß-fp-sam-s° D-]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øn C-g-tN¿-°p-∂p≠v kw-L-]-cn-hm¿. ln-μp-Xz cmjv-{So-bw kmw-kv-Im-cn-I ta-J-ebn¬ \S-Øn-b C-S-s]-S-ep-Iƒ°pw {]-h¿-Ø-\-߃-°pw _-Z¬ a-fi¬ cm-jv-{So-bw kr-jv-Sn-°p-Ibp-≠m-bn-√. Aw-t_-Zv-I¿ _p-≤\n¬ Iq-Sn ]p-Xn-sbm-cp ss\-Xn-I hy-h-ÿ-sb-bpw kmw-kv-Im-cn-I afi-e-sØ-bpw k-¶¬-∏n-®-Xn-\p Xp-ey-am-sbm-cp {i-aw Z-fn-tX-X-c km-aq-ly-\o-Xn cm-jv-{So-b-Øn-\v km-[y-am-bn-√, tem-ly C-Xn-s\°p-dn-®v [m-cm-fw F-gp-Xn-bn-´p-s≠¶n¬ t]m-epw. {ZmhnU {]ÿm\Øns‚ kmaqly\oXn cmjv{Sobw afien¬\n∂pw hyXykvXamIp∂Xv AXpsIm≠mWv. s]cnbm¿, Awt_ZvI¿, \mcmbWKpcp, I_o¿, almflm ^qse F∂nhcpsS {]XnaIƒ ÿm]n®pw a‰pw Cu _lpP≥ kmwkvImcnI _Zens‚ km∂n[yapd∏m°m≥ ambmhXn DØ¿{]tZiv apJya{¥nbmbt∏mƒ {ian®ncp∂p. AXn\pw apºv AÆmZpssc˛IcpWm\n[n F∂nh¿ kam\amb coXnbn¬ Xncph≈phscbpw Xangv kwL kmlnXysØbpw Hs° AWn\ncØn Hcp {ZmhnU _Z¬ kwkvImc cmjv{Sobw cq]s∏SpØnbncp∂p. kwL]cnhmdn\v Xangv\mSv C∂pw _mentIdmaebmbn XpScp∂Xv {ZmhnU {]ÿm\w XpS°an´ {]XnkmwkvImcnI cmjv{Sobw ImcWamWv. a-fi¬ cm-jv-{So-b-Øn-s‚ kmw-kv-Im-cn-I \o-°n-bn-cn-∏v Fs¥-∂ tNm-Zyw {]-k-‡-am-hp-∂Xv A-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wv. A-Ø-c-samcp A-t\z-j-W-Øn-s‚ A-`m-hØn¬ km-aq-ly\o-Xn-bp-sS cm-jv-

Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏v hn-P-b-Øn-\-∏p-dw ]p-tcm-K-a-\ cm-{„obw I-cp-∏n-Sn-∏n-°m-\m-bn-s√-¶n¬ ln-μp-Xz cm-jv-{Sob-Øn-s‚ a-X t_m-[-\-hpw t]-io-h¬-Ir-X tZ-io-bX-bpw sh¬-s^-b-dn-k-hpw km-aq-ly-\o-Xn cm-jv-{Sob-Øn-s‚ ss\-Xn-I-X-sb ]-cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øpw.

{So-bw {]-tbm-K-Øn¬ ]-g-b kmaq-ly D-ev-]m-Z-\ hy-h-ÿ-I-fp-sS B-h¿-Ø-\-am-bn am-dm≥ km-[y-Xbp-≠v. ta¬-Pm-Xn-Iƒ kr-jv-Sn-s®Sp-Ø aq-ey-hy-h-ÿ-bp-sS kzm-`mhn-I-am-b ^-e-am-Wv bp-]n-bn-epw _o-lm-dn-epw C-∂p Im-Wp-∂ sXm-gn-en-√m-bv-a-bpw km-aq-ly Ac-£n-Xm-h-ÿ-bpw. sh-dpw {I-a-kam-[m-\ {]-iv-\-hpw km-º-Øn-I {]Xn-k-‘n-bp-am-bm-Wv A-h-sb Npcp-°n hm-bn-°p-∂-Xv. am-dp-∂ H-cp k-aq-l-{I-a-Øn-s‚ kmw-kv-Im-cn-I {]-Xn-k-‘n Iq-Sn-bm-Wv C-∂v C¥y t\-cn-Sp-∂ kw-L¿-jm-h-ÿ. A-Xn-\p-≈ D-Ø-cw X-s‚ ]-°-eps≠-∂v P-\-ß-tfm-Sv ]-d-™p ^en-∏n-°m≥ I-gn-bp-∂p F-∂-Xm-Wv \-tc-{μ-tam-Un-bp-sS hn-P-bw. kmwkv-Im-cn-I {]-Xn-k-‘n-°p-≈ D-Øcw ln-μp-Xz cm-jv-{So-b-am-sW-∂v kw-L-]-cn-hm-dpw hn-P-b-I-c-am-bn {]-N-cn-∏n-°p-∂p. km-º-Øn-I D-Zm-c-h¬-°-c-Whpw a-‰pw kr-jv-Sn-s®-Sp-°p-∂ kmaq-ly {]-Xn-k-‘n-Iƒ-°v _-Z¬ A-h-X-cn-∏n-°m≥ a-fi¬ cm-jv-{Sob-Øn-\p I-gn-bm-Ø-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wv A-Xn-s‚ ]n≥-a-S-°w \-Ω-fn-∂v ImWp-∂-Xv. Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏v hn-P-b߃ kmw-kv-Im-cn-I hn-P-b-߃ Iq-Sn-bm-bn am-‰m-\pw Pm-Xn-hy-hÿ-sb {]-Xn-°q-´n¬ \n¿-Øm-\pw k-am-Pv-hm-Zn ]m¿-´n-°pw _n-F-kv]n-°pw em-ep-hn-\pw \n-Xo-jn-\psam-∂pw I-gn-bm-sX t]m-b-Xv AXp-sIm-≠m-Wv. km-aq-ly-\o-Xn-cmjv-{So-bw ]p-Xn-b kmw-kv-Im-cn-I ]-cn-t{]-£y-߃ kr-jv-Sn-°p-∂Xn¬ ]-cm-P-b-s∏-´m¬ ln-μp-Xz-cmjv-{So-b-Øn-s‚ kzm-[o-\w h¿-≤n°p-I X-s∂ sN-øpw, K-h¨sa‚p-Iƒ-°p-]-cn-bm-bn s]m-Xpt_m-[w ln-μp-Xz-cm-jv-{So-b-Øn-\v Io-gv-s∏-Sp-I-bpw-sN-øpw. Xn-c-s™Sp-∏v hn-P-b-ß-sf e-Lq-I-cn-®v ImWp-I-b-√, a-dn-®v A-Xn-\-∏p-dw ]ptcm-K-a-\ cm-jv-{So-bw I-cp-∏n-Sn-∏n°p-∂-Xn-s‚ B-h-iy-I-X-sb-°p-dn®v Nq-≠n-°m-Wn-°p-I am-{X-am-Wv. A-√m-Ø-]-£w ln-μp-Xz cm-jv-{Sob-Øn-s‚ a-X t_m-[-\-hpw t]io-h¬-Ir-X tZ-io-b-X-bpw sh¬s^-b-dn-k-hpw km-aq-ly-\o-Xn cmjv-{So-b-Øn-s‚ ss\-Xn-I-X-sb ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øpw. _olmdnse F≥UnF hnPbw \¬Ip∂ Hcp ]mTw CXmWv.

th-≠-Xv- \n-ß-fp-sS `-c-W-a-√, P-\-ß-fp-sS kz-bw-`-c-Ww

X-t±-i kz-bw-`-c-W ÿm-]-\-ß-fn-te-°v Un-k-º-dn¬ \-S-°p-∂ sX-c-s™-Sp-∏v \-ap-°p ap-∂n¬ D-b¿Øp-∂-Xv P-\-{]-Xn-\n-[n-I-fp-sS tkz-Om-`-c-W-tam P-\-ß-fp-sS kz-bw-`-c-W-tam F-∂ P-\m-[n-]-Xy-Øn-s‚ A-Sn-ÿm-\ {]-iv-\-am-Wv. ho-≠pw thm-´v tX-Sn-sb-Øp-∂-h¿ hm-Kv-Zm-\w sN-øp-∂-Xv A-h-c-h-cp-tS-Xm-b kz¥w `m-j-I-fn¬ cm-{„o-b ]m¿-´n-I-fpw D-tZym-K-ÿ-cpw tIm-¨{Sm-Iv-‰¿-am-cpw tN¿-∂ A-tX ]-Xn-hv `-cWw X-s∂. am-kv-Ipw tkm∏p]Xbpw km-\n-ss‰-k-dp-am-Wv ]p-Xp-Xm-bp-≈-Xv. hn-tI-{μo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂ A-[n-Imc-hpw B-kq-{X-W-hpw hm-N-I-a-Sn am-{Xw. kz-bw-`-c-W-sa-∂-Xv C-Øn-cn D-Ø-c-hm-Zn-Xzw Iq-Sp-X-ep-≈-Xm-Wv. A-Xv t\-Sn-sb-Sp-°-W-sa-¶n¬ ap-∂n-eWn-\n-c-°p-∂ Im-gv-N-t°m-a-c-ß-fn¬ \n-s∂m-∂p sX-c-s™-Sp-Øm¬ a-Xn-bm-hn-√. P-\m-[n-]-Xy-Øn¬ ]u-c∑m¿ sh-dpw Im-Wn-I-f-√, I-f-Øn-en-d-ßn I-fn-°p-∂-h-cm-Wv. I-fn-bp-sS \n-b-a-߃ \n-›-bn-t°-≠-Xv s{]m^-j-W¬ cm-„o-b-°m-cpw hn-Z-Kv[-cp-a-√, A-ß-s\-bm-Wv P-\m-[n-]-Xyw hn-`m-h-\ sN-ø-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ÿm-\m¿-Yn-Iƒ t\¿-°p-t\¿ h-∂v thm-´v A-`y¿-Yn-°p-∂p-sh-∂-Xpw A-h-sc \-ap-°v i-cn-°pw A-dn-bmsa-∂-Xp-am-Wv {]m-tZ-in-I sX-c-s™-Sp-∏n-s‚ k-hn-ti-j-X. \-ap-°v A-dn-™p-Iq-Sm-Ø-Xv ÿm-\m¿-∞n-°p ]n-d-In-ep-≈ cm-{„o-b t\-Xr-Xz-Øn-s‚ D-t±-iy e-£y-ß-fm-Wv. A-h¿ `m-hn-bn¬ \-S-∏m-°m≥ t]m-Ip-∂ hnI-k-\ {]-h¿-Ø-\-߃ F-¥m-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂v, B hn-I-k-\ ]-≤-Xn-Iƒ cq-]o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬ \-tΩm-Sv thm-´v A-`y¿-Yn-°p-∂ ÿm-\m¿-Yn-°v F-s¥-¶n-epw ]-¶v D-≠m-Ip-tam-sb-∂v ]-d-bm-\m-In-√. Im-c-Ww \-Ωp-sS cm{„o-b ]m¿-´n-I-fp-sS kw-L-S-\m kw-hn-[m-\w A-{X-ta¬ tI-{μo-Ir-X-am-Wv. P-\-Io-bm-kq-{X-W-sa-∂ B-tem-N-\ P-\-ß-fp-sS ap-∂n-e-h-X-cn-∏n-®v Aw-Ko-Im-cw t\-Sn-sb-Sp-°p-∂ L´w (lm, F-¥v ]m-´pw Iq-Øpw Xp-≈-ep-am-bn-cp-∂-t√?) ]n-∂n-´-t∏mƒ hn-Z-Kv-[ k-an-Xn-Iƒ {Km-a-k-`-Iƒ apt∂m-´p-sh-® ]-≤-Xn-I-sf ap-dn-®pw X-d-®pw kv-t‰-‰v t]m-fn-kn-°-\p-Iq-e-am-°p-∂-Xm-Wv I-≠-Xv. an-°-hm-dpw s]≥-j≥ ]-‰n-b k¿-°m-dp-tZym-K-ÿ-cm-bn-cp-∂p C-Ø-cw I-Ωn-‰n-I-fn¬ D-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. A-h¿ ]Tn-®-tX ]m-Sn-bp-≈q. A-ß-s\ {Km-a-k-`-I-fn-eq-sS P-\-ß-fn-ep-≠m-bn h-∂ D-’m-l-߃ X-√n sI-Sp-Ø-s∏-´p. ]n∂o-Sv {Km-a-k-`-I-fn¬ h-cp-∂-Xv k¿-°m¿ {]-Jym-]n-°p-∂ ku-P-\y-߃ In-´m≥ am-{X-am-bn. X-ß-fp-sS {]-tZ-i-Øv F-¥p \-S-°-Ww, F-¥p \-S-°-cp-Xv F-∂v Xo-cp-am-\n-°m≥ X-t±-io-b¿-°p-≈ A[n-Im-c-am-Wv hn-tI-{μo-Ir-X P-\m-[n-]-Xyw. {Km-a-k-`-I-fn-eq-sS-bm-Wv P-\-߃ A-Xp tc-J-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv. ]¶m-fn-Ø P-\m-[n-]-Xy-sa-∂, kz-bw-`-c-W-sa-∂ k-ao-]-\-Øn-em-Wv A-Xn-s‚ th-cp-Iƒ sN-∂p \n¬-°p-∂Xv. A-[n-Im-cw F-∂-Xn-\v B-[p-\n-I cm-{„ hy-h-ÿ-bn¬ c-≠v X-e-ß-fp-≠v. cm-{„o-bm-[n-Im-c-hpw km-ºØn-Im-[n-Im-c-hpw. cm-{„o-bm-[n-Im-c P-\m-[n-]-Xy-h-Xv-I-c-W-hpw km-º-Øn-I P-\m-[n-]-Xy-h-Xv-I-c-W-hpw F∂v A-Xn-s\ hn-i-Zo-I-cn-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. C-Xn¬ G-sX-¶n-epw H-∂p am-{X-am-bn \n-e-\n¬-°n-√. s]-cp-am-´n ]-©m-b-Øpw sIm-°-t°m-f-bpw X-Ωn-ep-≠m-b kw-L¿-jw C-Xn-\v {]-Xy-£ D-Zm-l-c-W-amWv. kw-ÿm-\-Øn-\-I-Øv tIm-f-°-º-\n-Iƒ Xp-S-ßm≥ A-\p-a-Xn \¬-In-b-Xv P-\-Io-bm-kq-{X-Ww ap-t∂m´p-sh-® k¿-°m¿ X-s∂-bm-Wv. kv-t‰-‰v \¬-In-b A-\p-a-Xn-bpw ]n-¥p-W-bp-am-bn h-cp-∂, kv-t‰-‰n-t\-°mƒ h-en-b km-º-Øn-I i-‡n-bpw kzm-[o-\-hp-ap-≈ B-tKm-f tIm¿-∏-td-‰v `o-a-s\ ssI-Im-cyw sN-øm≥ H-cp {Km-a ]-©m-b-Øn-\v F-{X-tØm-fw I-gn-bpw? km-[m-c-W P-\-߃ \n-e-hn-ep-≈ hn-I-k-\ ]-cn-t{]-£yw kz-ta-[-bm kzo-I-cn-°p-∂n-s√-∂-Xn-\v sX-fnhm-Wv tIm-´-t©-cn ap-X¬ hn-gn-™w h-sc kw-ÿm-\-Øn-ep-S-\o-fw \-S-°p-∂ P-\-Io-b k-a-c-߃. F≥-F ]n Fw s‚ t\-Xr-Xz-Øn¬ H-tŒm-_¿ 31 \v \-S-∂ \n-»-–-cm-°m≥ t\m-°-≠, -We shall Speak k-a-cirw-Je-bn-se ]-¶m-fn-Øw Cu A-kw-Xr-]v-Xn sh-fn-hm-°p-∂p. F-∂m¬ C-Ø-cw A-kw-Xr-]v-Xn-Iƒ H-cp cm-{„o-b _-Z-en-s‚ A-s√-¶n¬ \n-e-hn-ep-≈ cm-{„o-b I-£n-I-fp-sS a-t\m-`m-h-ß-sf Xn-cp-Øm≥ k-Ω¿-±-am-hp-∂ cq]-Øn¬ G-tIm-]n-∏n-°p-∂-Xn¬ hn-P-bn-°p-∂n-√. P-\m-[n-]-Xy-sØ F-{X-tØm-fw I-£n-cm-{„o-b kw-hn-[m\w Zp¿-_-e-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≠v F-∂-Xn-s‚ a-Ip-tSm-Zm-l-c-W-am-Wn-Xv. P-\-{]-Xn-\n-[n k-`-I-fn-eq-sS-bm-Wv P-\m-[n-]-Xyw {]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂-sX-∂ hm-Z-Øn-s‚ Zu¿-_-eyw Nq-≠n°m-´m≥ πm-®n-a-S-bpw A-Xn-c-∏n-≈n-bpw t\m-°mw. sX-cp-hp-I-fn¬ D-b¿-∂ph-∂ P-\-tcm-j-am-Wv c-≠n-S-Øpw X-t±-i kz-bw-`-c-W ÿm-]-\-ß-sf-bpw, kw-ÿm-\ k¿-°m-dn-t\-bpw am-dn Nn-¥n-°m≥ \n¿-_-‘n-X-am-°nb-Xv. πm-®n-a-S-bn¬ {Km-a ]-©m-b-Øn-\v t\-cn-´v k-a-c-Øn¬ I-£n-bm-tI-≠n h-∂p. kw-ÿm-\ \n-b-a-k-`-°v G-I-I-WvT-am-bn, I-º-\n-bn¬ \n-∂pw \-„-]-cn-lm-cw Cu-Sm-°m≥ H-cp {Sn-_yq-W¬ cq-]o-I-cn-°-W-sa-∂ Xocp-am-\w ssI-s°m-t≈-≠n-bpw h-∂p. Xo¿-®-bm-bpw C-Xv sX-cp-hp-I-fp-sS k-a-c-ho-cyw sIm≠mWv. sX-c-s™-Sp-∏n-epw {]-Xn-^-en-t°-≠-Xv Cu k-a-c-ho-cy-am-Wv. X-ß-fp-sS ÿm-\m¿-Yn-I-sf I-s≠-Øm\pw sX-c-s™-Sp-°m-\p-ap-≈ A-h-Im-iw cm-{„o-b ]m¿-´n-I-fp-sS t\-Xr-Xz-Øn¬ \n-∂v {]m-tZ-in-I P-\-߃ ho-s≠-Sp-°-Ww. ]m¿-´n-Iƒ hm-Kv-Zm-\w sN-øp-∂ `-c-W-tØ-°mƒ X-߃-°v D-Ø-c-hm-Zn-Xz-ap-≈ kz-bw-`-cWw sX-c-s™-Sp-°m-\p-≈ ss[-cyw P-\-߃ kw-`-cn-°-Ww. ]mTt`-Z-Øn-s‚ Cu e-°-w Cu Zn-i-bn¬ Nn-e B-tem-N-\-I-fm-Wv ap-t∂m-´p-sh-°p-∂-Xv. ap≥ X-t±-i kz-bw-`-c-W a-{¥n Ip-´n A-l-Ω-Zv Ip-´n-tbm-sSm-∏w tUm.]n.]n._me≥, F-kv ]n c-hn, hn sI {io-[-c≥, hn B¿ h-N-\, bp A-Pn-Xv, sF-k-Iv B≥-d-Wn F-∂n-hcpw F-gp-Xp-∂ I-h¿ kv-t‰m-dnbn¬ \-S-∂p t]m-hm\p-≈ H-cp tdm-Un-\p th-≠n B-d-c ]-Xn-‰m-≠m-bn k-a-cw sN-øp-∂ BZn-hm-kn-I-tf-bpw A-h-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂p...