Hiking on the Moon #9 - Between heaven and earth

number #9

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between h e av e n & e a rt h

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EDITORIAL

"The landscape is the place where the sky and the earth touch."

Michel Corajoud

On earth, there are a few unique places where the heaven and earth seem to join, a union which gives rise to a magical spectacle. For a long time, man considered that the mountains were the gateway to heaven. When you see clouds caressing a snowy mountain peak, or stars reflected in a lake or when the sun redefines the contours of a peak, it's easy to believe that there may be truth in this. This season, Hiking on the Moon #9, takes you on a journey between heaven and earth.

You'll see the sky decked out in its finest: a cloak of stars and the aurora borealis, before erupting in a noisy flash of lightening and displaying its anger in the form of: the mountain storm. You'll also learn about astronomical observatories, built on some of the world's highest peaks, as if in an attempt to get closer to the sky; you'll follow the vertiginous tracks of mountain trains and may even set out to conquer Mont-Blanc! Finally, the less fearful amongst you can simply enjoy a beautiful starry night in a bivouac, observing the milky way or masters of the sky: mountain birds.

A fabulous journey between heaven and earth. We hope you enjoy it!

BE L L E D O N N E

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C H ARTREUSE

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VER COR S

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OISANS

- © ALEXANDRE GELIN

It is ! e r è Is Trièves, Grésivaudan, Bièvre-Valloire, Voironnais,Vals du Dauphiné, Pays Viennois, Sud Grésivaudan, Matheysine, Isle Crémieu : 9,000 kilometres of marked and accredited trails

Walking or Hiking in Isère on foot, horseback, or by mountain bike essential maps available in a limited edition box set or individually on

isere-tourisme.com

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SUMMARY

NEWS

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B O O KS

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r e a d e r ' s co r ner T RAV E L

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C H E Z QUEC H

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An introduction to Quechua's partners Unmissable events!

We liked them and hope you will too

In search of the Northern Lights Quechua advertising: behind the scenes

FO C US

Astronomical observatories in the mountain: nearer the stars

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what is it ?

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spec ia l repo rt

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AN IMALs

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5 QUEST ION s to

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The difference between‌ The bivouac shelter Mountain birds JoÍl Roux, mountain guide, "moutain storm" Connected hiking The Clic hiking kit

A g u i d e to

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CULT URE

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PO R T FO L I O

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MIA M

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It ' s you r a dventu r e

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PHOTO c ompet ition

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Mountain trains New-Zealand

Preparing to climb Mont-Blanc

How to photograph a mountain sky The ascent of Mont-Blanc Mountain Skies

Discover the trails of Isère with

the Essential Maps Box set

- © DR / ALEXANDRE GELIN

Walks and hiking trails

Walks and hiking trails in Isère, 9,000 kilometres of marked trails on foot, horseback or by mountain bike.

Essential maps available in a limited edition box set or individually on :

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In 2014, we are continuing our co-design policy, cooperating with our partners, who are all mountain enthusiasts, selected for their human values, which they share with our brand, as well as their expertise. All our partners contribute to the design of products, linked with their field of expertise. This approach allows us to further build on the rich communication that already exists between our partners and teams to create products which meet all your technical needs.

An introduction to

[The Quechua Trail Running Team ]

[ T HE HIKING T EAM ]

Quechua's partners

The team comprises strong individuals and personalities, well known in the world of trail running. They have all united around the brand, drawn by common values such as sharing a love of the mountains and the joy of running through dream landscapes. Guillaume LE NORMAND, Sébastien TALLOTI and Emilie LECOMTE, who have been working alongside Quechua for 5 years, will once again be flying the brand's colours this year.

We are also very proud to be working, for the 10th year, with Dawa SHERPA, and to be able to support him in various projects including his participation in the 15km classic crosscountry skiing event at the Sotchi Olympic Games, the organization of his races, the 3 Valleys Trail (Nepal), the Zanskar & Ladak Adventure & Race (India) and the Solukhumbu Trail (Nepal); trail-related sharing events, introductions to new cultures, and humanitarian aid projects.

We also delighted to welcome some new arrivals in the form of our two trail ambassadors: Clément MOLLIET (2nd in the Combe Bénite Trail and 4th in the Frison Roche Trail) and Nicolas MORDELET (1st in the junior category of the UTTJ Trail and the grande course des templiers 2013) who will take part in the CCC 2014 (Courmayeur Champex Chamonix), amongst other events.

The hiking team includes two great enthusiasts: Sara Berthelot and Eric Loizeau. Sara BERTHELOT has always loved mountains.

She learnt how to overcome her fear of heights and conquer the highest peaks. She arrived in Chamonix in 2002 and has been there ever since. Here she discovered the delights of the high mountains and the joy of exploring unknown territory, while continuing to work as a chemist.

Today she shares her love of mountains by working as both a high mountain guide and a Quechua technical partner.

Her work as a mountain guide provides her with the opportunity to test technical products, most notably the Bionnassay range, but also Hélium's technical base layers, as well as offer lots of practical advice to customers.

Eric LOIZEAU, was one of the world's best skippers in the 1980s but in the 1990s he decided to focus on high mountain trekking. He became a technical partner with Quechua in 2004, after his ascent of Everest.

Eric's expeditions take him all over the world, which means he is able to test our products in unique and extreme conditions.

Dawa Sherpa

It's a year which promises to be full of news and excitement!

Keep up with the Quechua trail team news on facebook : www.facebook.com/QuechuaTeamTrail

[ T h e Q u e c h u a N o r d i c s k i t e a m ]

Sara Berthelot

Emily Battendier

This year the nordic ski team will be represented by two young, promising partners: Emily BATTENDIER competing in the biathlon and Aurélien MILICI in classic Nordic skiing and skate skiing.

Keep a close eye on next season's events as these young talents have their sights set on the Junior World Championships!

Let's not forget our musher, Rémy COSTE, who has a very specific profile and unique career path. Originally destined for a career in baking, he was awarded Meilleur Ouvrier (Best Worker) in France in 2000.But then he discovered another passion: mushing. He then decided to change direction and realize his dreams by turning professional in 2007. To participate in sled dog racing Remy and his dogs need to practise a range of outdoor activities, depending on their particular training needs, the seasons and weather conditions. This makes him one of the brand's most versatile partners, helping the Quechua teams develop equipment for hiking and nordic skiing and even mountain trail products.

In 2014, he finished 2nd in the famous Grande Odyssée Savoie Mont-Blanc.

This year, Quechua is partnering with the SNAM, the National Union for Mountain Guides. The union which represents and promotes the interests of mountain guides is the only such union to be recognized by the state and the European Union of Mountain Leaders. It includes more than 3,500 professionals! These professionals use their expertise on a daily basis to improve Quechua's products, for the benefit of its customers!

For more 30 years, Huwans Clubaventure has been organizing worldwide adventure and discovery tours, for small groups, accompanied by local guides, providing travellers with an opportunity to get closer to nature and local people. This year Quechua looks forward to using their knowledge and experience to test and develop technical products for hiking and trekking.

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gather to share the same dream: to complete a circuit of Mont Blanc in less than two days.

Unmissable events!

Zanskar et Ladakhi adventure trail India // From 4th to 22nd July 2014 The trail team will be there!

Run with our partner Dawa SHERPA in the first Zanskar & Ladakh Adventure & Race in India. The race route, which covers 240 km through the mountains with a cumulative elevation gain/ loss of 7,735 m and 6,952 m respectively, links the villages of Darcha in the Zanskar region and Lamayuru village in Ladakh. You can also compete in this adventure by joining a walker's group.

For further information: www.dawasherpa-races.com

The Mont-Blanc marathon FRANCE // 29th June 2014 The trail team will be there!

A course with a cumulative elevation gain of 2,511m and an elevation loss of 1,490m over the legendary Mont Blanc terrain. It winds through the Col des Montets, the Col des Posettes and its summit, and the magnificent Combe de la Charlanon, and then when you reach Planpraz, the Mont Blanc mountain range and the Aiguille Verte gradually appear, revealed from different angles, before ending in blaze of glory with one of the most beautiful views in the region!

the UTMB

La fête de la montagne (moutain festival) france // 28th and 29th June 2014 There are a thousand of ways to celebrate and share one's love of mountains. The last weekend in June is an opportunity to celebrate and share our common passion!

Many mountain villages and resorts will be organizing a celebration of mountain culture with outdoor sporting events. Find out what events are happening near you by visiting the site: www.fetedelamontagne.org.

Enjoy the festival!

Quechua Tour des Fiz race France // 27th July 2014 The trail team will be there!

This trail traverses two nature reserves and a heritage site.

The participants will set off through this breath-taking landscape, embarking upon three different courses, suitable for all levels: "The Quechua Tour des Fiz" race over 61 km with a 5,000 m elevation gain, "The p’tit tour des Fiz" over 31 km with a 2,300 m elevation gain and a new course, "le Balcon des Fiz Trophée Radio Mont-Blanc,” over 22 km with a 1,500 m elevation gain. Courses that leave all participants with long-lasting memories.

crédits image : PIC DU MIDI, Paul compere

(mont-blanc Ultra Trail) FRANCE // 29 aoÛt 2014 The trail team will be there!

This race of extremes, which sees only the best athletes lining up on the starting line, needs no introduction; its 168 km course includes 9,600 m of elevation gain, with numerous high altitude passages, frequently negotiated in difficult weather conditions. On the 29th August, some 2,300 competitors will

The night of the stars 1st, 2nd and 3rd August 2014 The 24th festival of the nuit des étoiles (night of stars) takes place on the 1st, 2nd and 3rd August 2014. During the course of these three nights, you can take part in sky-watching events, held all over Europe, organized by observatories and amateur associations. Many astronomical observatories, located in mountains as well as mountain guides, organize excursions so you can get closer to the stars! A magical moment not to be missed!

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We liked them and hope you will too

La marche dans le ciel (Walking in the sky)

Trains de montagne (moutain trains)

Sylvain Tesson, Pocket Publication 7€20

Christian Deny, Massin Publication 23€95

Les aurores boréales et australes (The aurora borealis and aurora australis) Christophe Pérez, L’Escargot Savant Publication 12€

It's the story of a dream fulfilled: crossing the Himalayas on foot, walking from East to West, skirting the range's fourteen highest peaks.

The two adventurers, who set off with neither tent nor food, introduce us to the many different faces of the Himalayas and its people who always greeted them with a warm welcome. The account of this exciting challenge will take you on a thrilling journey to a place where few have dared to venture.

Set off to conquer the European summits on the mountain railways. The trains, which are powered by steam and electric traction, lead their passengers through spectacular landscapes to the mountain summit. These unusual inventions, which often combine a respect for tradition with modern technology, are also loved by train enthusiasts. An invitation to journey twixt heaven and earth!

This natural phenomenon, which is as beautiful as it is mysterious, has long been the subject of crazy myths and has fascinated man since the beginning of time! Scientists, photographers and travellers dream of unlocking the mysteries of these lights that caress the sky of the Northern countries. The author, who is a keen photographer and physicist, explains this phenomenon to us and shares the beauty of the spectacle that he was able to witness during his travels to Finnish Lapland.

Animaux des montagnes (Mountain Animals) Sandrine Stefaniak, Glénat Publication 10 €10

This small guide will rapidly become an indispensable hiking aid, to help you recognize animals. It will also provide valuable advice when photographing and drawing them. This guide includes a field notebook so you can make notes, draw and keep a record of your mountain excursions. A new way to discover the joys of hiking!

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reader's corner We're always delighted to read your emails, whether you want to share your comments and opinions, make us laugh, send us a word of encouragement or just say a quick hello!

So a big thank you to everyone for your loyalty to the magazine and blog! Here's a small selection of some of the letters we've received.

"Hello, While spending a night at Le Plan de l'Aiguille refuge in Chamonix, I was looking for a bit of reading to enjoy with my herbal tea and I came across the magnificent 2nd issue of your magazine, "Human Portraits." I've recently returned from 3 months travelling around Latin America (Argentina, Chile, Bolivia, Peru and Brazil) and lived in Buenos Aires for 4 months, so I was quite naturally drawn to the superb picture on your cover.

This email is to thank you for helping me relive my travels around Latin America -- and all from the foot of Mont-Blanc."

Margaux S [hkg] Margaux, thank you for your lovely story!

"Keep up the high quality work and particularly the magazine's overall message, raising awareness about the mountains and its environment, not to mention the sport. Great stuff !

Keep it up and see you soon!"

Gabin D [hkg] Gabin, Quechua's teams are committed to sharing their passion for mountains, exploring a range of different topics, and are delighted that you're interested in the subjects discussed.

Thank you for your email and see you next issue!

[hkg] The Quechua teams are proud to be able to share their love of mountains with you, through this magazine. Thank you for your message which we've also found very touching!

"Good evening, Just a quick word to tell you that I love your magazine which I discovered in print this year.

Previously, I'd read the digital edition but the print version has a charm of its own!

Well done to all the team, it's really great - honestly!"

Gaby O [hkg] We're delighted that you've discovered the print version which is available from a selection of our Decathlon stores.

You can find the list of stores on the following blog: www.hikingonthemoon.com See you soon!

"Hello Pauline and the rest of the team, "Some Sunday evenings are easier than others.

For example, weekends when my Decathlon store has just received the latest Hiking on the Moon ...

Thank you for this latest issue which I rushed to read. I'm still full of admiration for the layout and illustration. Yet again, the end product is truly remarkable. The editorial content is just as good even though I prefer to savour the reading and so haven't read everything yet.A particularly successful issue - yet another one!

Well done to everyone working on the magazine and I can't wait for the next issue!"

Arnaud FÂ [hkg] Arnaud, thank you for the loyalty and interest you've shown in our magazine so far - the 9th issue already! We'll see you for our next issue which promises to be exceptional as together we'll be celebrating our 10th edition of the Hiking on the Moon magazine!

"A magazine to keep in your library!" Lovely articles, lovely photos, lovely quality paper etc."

Jean-Edouard G [hkg] We look forward to keeping your library stocked for a longtime to come!

"Hello and best wishes from Oran!

I received the magazine yesterday and was very happy. The Quechua brand is very close to my heart and I'm very touched by the interest you've shown in me.

Thank you again for this great magazine and the message attached! Have a lovely day" Djalal B

the Autumn for the next issue of our magazine and while you're waiting, join us on the Hiking on the Moon blog for the latest news every day.

"Hello, editorial team, I looked at this month's magazine on your blog and I see it's another great issue with superb articles and simply exceptional photo quality and tomorrow morning I'm going to Decathlon so I can get my hands on the print edition. It's always a pleasure to read!

Wishing you all a great day."

Jennifer FÂ [hkg] It's always a pleasure for us to hear from you, Jennifer; thank you for your message. Have a good summer, we'll see you in

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TRAVEL In search of the northern lights

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In search of the Northern Lights

NOR w a y

Norway fascinates with its riches and mysteries: its amazing fjords, frozen coastlines, splendid islands, wonderful pathways and vast tracts of unspoiled land. The great North has long attracted travellers searching for space and a sense of authenticity. Many people have set out to explore this country, in search of a phenomenon which is as beautiful as it is mysterious: the aurora borealis. Join JĂŠrĂŠmy Calvo, video producer for Quechua and wildlife photographer, in his search for these Northern Lights!

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TRAVEL In search of the northern lights

“ Tromsø is the largest town north of the Arctic Circle ”

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tromsø, a miniature paris

Hiking country

March 2014. The journey began in Tromsø, a town located in the extreme north of Norway, where we landed. Visitors travelling in the middle of winter will be surprised by the polar nights when the sun disappears for a period of many months. But in March, we arrived between the summer and winter solstices and the sun had returned!

Tromsø is the largest town north of the Arctic Circle; it's a magical and atmospheric place where children grow up on, and travellers are fascinated by, local traditions and stories of trappers. We returned here later to explore its slippery streets and observe the famous "Arctic Cathedral" made of glass, redolent of an iceberg reflecting the Arctic light.

We set off for a traditional Norwegian house, located further south, where we would stay.

We travelled through wonderful landscapes - a promise of things to come - and caught sight of our first reindeer. The coloured houses contrasted with the whiteness of the landscape and seemed to reflect the warm culture of a cold country. Our house was located in a snowy valley, right in the middle of the countryside, with just a few other dwellings. Here, men appear to have learned how to live in harmony with, and to respect, the elements.

This is the ideal country for cross-country skiing or snow-shoeing since at this time of year, there's still plenty of snow. Over the next few days, we discovered islands joined to Norway by incredible bridges over the sea or even tunnels under the sea. We were dazzled by the purity of the fjords, with their magical play of lights, riven by sombre rocky peaks creating an impressive backdrop. It was even more beautiful than we had imagined. We travelled through snowy valleys, surrounded by mountains. Some were conspicuous on account of their distinctive shapes, such as the Piggtinden, a veritable white pyramid, or even the Ellendaltinden with its view, overlooking a magnificent small valley. On the first evening, during a moonlit hike, we waited for a long time, hoping to see the famous aurora borealis, but it wasn't to be!

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TRAVEL In search of the northern lights

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TRAVEL In search of the northern lights

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TRAVEL In search of the northern lights

Photo Credit : Jérémy Calvo

The dream of the aurora borealis By the second evening, we were lucky enough to see it, close to the house where we were staying. We kitted ourselves out and set off on foot, in a euphoric state, to photograph our first glimpse of the aurora borealis. The green lights swept across the night sky. The first appeared very dimly and then others followed. They were fleeting but occasionally lasted a little longer; however, we wanted them to last longer still, so that every last detail of this spectacle would remain forever engraved on our minds. We stood there for hours, in the midst of the immense landscape, insignificant in the face of the beauty of the phenomenon before us.

Temperatures were close to -20 ° so you can't be afraid of the cold, but the beauty of these light trails made us forget the weather and the temperature and we got back home at around 1 in the morning, drunk on our memories.

We were lucky enough to be able to observe the aurora borealis on three separate evenings and each time experienced an almost childlike amazement and the feeling of being insignificant in the face of nature and its wonders.

What is the aurora borealis?

This amazing light phenomenon is caused

by tiny particles emitted from the sun transported into the earth's atmosphere by powerful solar winds. When they come into contact with gas particles, they create green and sometimes even pink and magenta coloured lights.

Rich animal life Of course, we encountered the country's famous reindeer, reared in the middle of the countryside for their fur and meat. While we were there, we tried some of the country's culinary specialities: dried cod, shrimps, salmon and reindeer etc.

We were also lucky enough to encounter wilder animals such as the legendary elks, sea eagles, seals and also all kinds of birds unique to the country. It's also possible to see whales but we didn't have the chance to do so ... a good reason to return!

What is the aurora borealis? his amazing light phenomenon is caused by tiny particles emitted from the sun transported into the earth's atmosphere by powerful solar winds. When they come into contact with gas particles, they create green and sometimes even pink and magenta coloured lights.

We left with a head full of memories and beautiful photos of our journey. Norway didn't disappoint us and we were lucky enough to achieve the trip's main goal: to observe and photograph the aurora borealis.

It was a unique experience, that will delight lovers of the great outdoors.

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CHEZ QUECH' Behind the scenes

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Quechua advertising: behind the scenes

Behind every photo that you see in store, on our internet site, in the magazine and behind every advert on television, there are teams of people, stories, work and encounters.

Julie Bordez, Quechua's International Communication and Marketing Director, invites us on a trip to New Zealand to explore behind the scenes at the 2014 springsummer photo shoot and find out more about the world of advertising.

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CHEZ QUECH' Behind the scenes

Finding summer in the mountains in mid-winter.

“ a wonderful mountainous universe which inspires us every day.”

`

Quechua employees live as close as possible to our product users, at the foot of MontBlanc, in the Haute-Savoie, in a wonderful mountainous universe which inspires us every day. We work on advertising and product photos 6 months before the products reach the store which means we're filming the spring-summer campaigns in the middle of winter. That's why we go to the other side of the world: to leave behind our snowy landscapes for the magical, summer scapes of New Zealand.

The advantage of New Zealand is that it's quite small but has very varied scenery.

After just an hour on the road, you can find yourself in a completely different setting.

Furthermore, the variety of impressive scenery - plains, mid-range mountains, steep slopes, green landscapes or mineral-rich environments - allows us to represent all aspects of the Quechua brand.

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Advance Planning This type of trip is short and intense. We shoot photos for an entire season and TV adverts for a full year. Advance planning is the watchword.

When it comes to the adverts, we write the scripts, we think about what we want to say, how, where etc. Each advert needs to reflect and help build the Quechua brand, sell a lifestyle and above all reflect authentic mountain experiences that you can all enjoy.

After that, it's a matter of finding the right places to film, the right people to play the characters… Then it's… action, lights etc!

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CHEZ QUECH' Behind the scenes

Quechua Versus "The Lord of the Rings" In the space of one week, we had to shoot all the advertisements for a whole year as well as all the pictures for the 2014 springsummer season - a very ambitious goal. On site, we have a large organization; we work with two different teams, one which deals with photography and the other videos. As the products are not yet available in store, we work with the prototypes. Often, the prototype is the only example of the product available so we need to be careful not to lose it and ensure we return it intact to the product managers.

On site, we work with local teams and stylists but also very experienced film crews who are used to working on large productions such as "The Lord of the Rings" and "Wolverine."

Our small special effects, such as the wind or rain, frequently make them laugh as, in the past, they've had to overcome with huge technical challenges.

“L’indispensable reste bien sûr le produit, sans lui, pas d’image !”

working with animals Surely you remember our campaign, "We all need warmth," with the animals, which was extremely successful. You need a lot of patience when working on these kinds of adverts. Working with animals presents a real challenge! You can never predict how they're going to behave and it's particularly important to ensure the animal's well-being: you need to make sure they avoid stress, limit the amount of time filming etc. In addition, if the animals have been raised in captivity, they are still wild animals and you need to ensure their safety and that of the teams. We always use a trainer who knows animals well, who can understand their behaviour and recognize when they need to take a break...

And our teams follow the trainer's advice.

We've got a small surprise planned for you this autumn, so get ready!

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CHEZ QUECH' Behind the scenes

Watch the backstage video to find out about the atmosphere and organization behind the scenes!

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HIKING ON THE MOON LEADS YOU ALL OVER

TO EXTEND THE JOURNEY, check out the blog

WWW.HIKINGONTHEMOON.COM A blog created by and for mountain lovers.

BY QUECHUA

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FOCUS Astronomical observatories in the mountain

Astronomical observatories in the mountain: Nearer the stars

image credit : PIC DU MIDI, Paul compere

Some of the world's summits are adorned with strange constructions, often rounded in shape: astronomical observatories. These buildings, erected on mountain tops as if to be closer to the sky, allow scientists to try to unlock the mysteries of the universe. Many observatories are also open to the general public wishing to observe the milky way. A unique experience!

What is an astronomical observatory?

An astronomical observatory is a place designed to observe the universe, from the solar system and various galaxies to the outer reaches of the cosmos, to help us better understand the laws of physics. Observatories are equipped with numerous scientific pieces of equipment, most notably, extremely powerful telescopes. The largest current telescope is the Gran Telescope Canarias (10.4m in diameter) but telescopes can also be linked to a network. When it comes to networked telescopes, the VLTi holds the record (diameter equivalent to 16.4 m) Depending on their equipment, observatories may specialize in different types of observations: imaging, spectroscopy, polarimetry etc.

On mountain top Some observatories are constructed on the top of mountains. It's no coincidence that they've been set up at high altitude. Contrary to what one may think, it's not to be closer to the stars. In truth, we're dealing here with

distances of trillions of kilometres so a mere 2 or 4 kilometres won't make a great deal of difference In the end, the gain in proximity achieved by working at this altitude is negligible.

So why has man gone and set up these enormous architectural structures on the mountain peaks?

The first reason is to allow them to get beyond one of the atmospheric zones responsible for creating a lot of turbulence. This turbulence is caused by differences in temperature on the ground. However, turbulence is mostly caused by the temperature differences between the various atmospheric layers: the greater the difference, the greater the turbulence etc.

Which means the light can't diffuse uniformly. Which creates, for example, this impression of sparkling stars.

The second reason is the absence of light pollution. Light pollution is reduced in "deserted," locations, far from "civilisation," hence the creation of dark sky reserves such as the Pic du Midi.

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FOCUS Astronomical observatories in the mountain

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To find more about how an astronomical observatory works, we met Philippe Mathias, teacher and researcher at Le Pic du Midi Observatory (Pyrenees/France). Le Pic du Midi, which was opened to the public in 2000, offers everyone a chance to discover the workings of an astronomical observatory, its science facilities and its research work. It's a unique opportunity to learn about the daily life of the staff, researchers and technicians who work at the summit as well as a chance to enjoy the spectacular panoramic view from 2,877 metres above sea level. In December last year, the Pic du Midi became Europe's 1st International Dark Sky Reserve and the 6th such reserve in the world. This label serves to protect the starry skies around the Pic du Midi Observatory from light pollution and more generally the natural environment in the Hautes Pyrenees area.

Which are the largest observatories in the world?

The largest observatories are located in the least populated areas where the weather promises cloudless skies for longer periods.

The large international sites include Mauna Kea in Hawaii with 9 telescopes and 3 radiotelescopes, Chile which has no fewer than 5 sites and more than 10 telescopes, as well as the Canary Islands where there are another dozen telescopes including the world's most powerful telescope: the Gran Telescopio Canarias which is 10.4 m in diameter. Other sites also house 10 m telescopes which either work alone or as part of a network. Also of note is the world's largest radiotelescope, ALMA, located on the Chajnantor Plateau in Chile, standing at more than 5,000 metres above sea level.

You work at Le Pic du Midi; what do you study specifically?

The research carried out in Le Pic du Midi focuses on 3 key areas: The physics of the sun: 2 lenses scrutinize the sun's surface, 2 others, fitted with coronographs monitor the sun's chromosphere and corona. These 4 instruments, fitted with filters which allow them to monitor the interactions between the sun's surface and corona, take pictures every minute. In addition to certain fundamental physics processes such as magnetohydrodynamics, the observatories can also predict solar weather to help prevent angry solar flares from damaging satellites, for example.

The physics of bodies in the solar system: This involves, for example, monitoring the formation of giant planets formed by clouds of matter, using a 1 m diameter telescope, as well as identifying the orbits of lesser known bodies such as comets and asteroids. In particular, we monitor near-earth-objects, bodies which may cross the earth's orbit.

The physics of stars: this field is explored using the Bernard Lyot telescope, the largest telescope in France with a 2 m diameter mirror. This telescope is equipped with a particularly effective instrument, namely a Narval spectropolarimeter. This significant, complex instrument (there are fewer than 5 in the world) can detect and measure the magnetic field on the surface of stars.

What is the beautiful thing you have observed to date?

Because to its proximity, the best known star is undoubtedly the sun. However, in spite of its proximity, we don't really understand the

physics of the sun and in particular its 11 year cycle which determines whether there are more or fewer spots on its surface. These sunspots that are found mostly in low latitude areas, are around 10,000 km in diameter and are caused by the presence of a local magnetic field which blocks the movement of the sun's upper layers. However, and this is what really fascinates researchers, they have been unable to apply this solar model to those stars observed by the Narval spectropolarimeter which display a wide range of characteristics: spots that are ten times larger than those observed on the sun, sometimes located at its magnetic pole, with an overly complex or simple formation etc. We still don't know all there is to know about the generation of magnetic fields in stars and the solar model is constantly being revised!

What's the best time of year for the public to come and observe the sky?

image credit, PIC DU MIDI, C. ETCHELECOU image credit, PIC DU MIDI, Nicolas BOURGEOIS

In theory, the most beautiful nights, in astronomical terms, occur in winter when the temperature of the different atmospheric layers is sufficiently uniform so as to prevent too much turbulence. But winter is also a time of unpredictable weather so you need to make inquiries in advance.

For more information about Le Pic du Midi, go to : www.picdumidi.com

image credit, PIC DU MIDI, MARMER

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FOCUS Astronomical observatories in the mountain

image credit, PIC DU MIDI, Nicolas BOURGEOIS

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A GUIDE TO

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A GUIDE TO‌ Moutain Trains

MOUNTAIN TRAINS

They set out to conquer the peaks, travelling between heaven and earth on their two parallel rails: they are the famous mountain trains.

Some have been operating tirelessly for centuries. They transport their passengers across some of the most legendary mountain chains to discover some of the world's most beautiful peaks. Join Hiking on the Moon, aboard some of these amazing trains!

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Travelling through the Himalayan landscape Darjeeling Himalayan Railway india India boasts a wealth of mountain railways which wend their way through mountainous regions, demonstrating remarkable technical expertise. The Darjeeling Himalayan Railway, a testament to the work of the 1930s engineers, was inscribed on the UNESCO world heritage list in 1999. This legendary rail line, known as the "Toy Train," covers 82 kilometres and 2,000 metres cumulative height difference from Siliguri to Darjeeling. The route has had to adapt to a harsh environment so the train sometimes has to negotiate hairpins bends alternating between moving forwards and backwards. Rock falls mean that there are regular diversions. Today's train travellers are delighted by these traditional old railways and bowled over by the beauty of the landscape, making for a unique and unforgettable journey.

Conquering the roof of Europe The Mont-Blanc Tramway France The Mont Blanc tramway was opened in 1909 and is the highest rack railway in France. It transports hikers and climbers from St Gervais, situated at 2,380 metres above sea level, to the Nid d'Aigle in front of the Bionnassay glacier. Many climbers start their ascent of Mont Blanc from this point, via the normal route, the most popular itinerary. Passengers enjoy a magnificent view of the Aiguilles de Chamonix and the dômes de Miage. The original idea behind this crazy project was to reach the Mont Blanc summit by train, something which was clearly later abandoned !

Conquering the rocky mountains Rocky Mountaineer West Canada The Rocky Mountaineer, between Vancouver and Calgary, retraces the steps of the early railway pioneers, travelling through the immense rocky mountains of West Canada. Amazing mountains with snow-covered peaks, immense lakes, forests and waterfalls unfold before your very eyes. The Rocky Mountaineer connects with the entire Canadian railway network which means you can travel across the country from the Pacific ocean to the Atlantic - a really incredible journey !

Beyond the Andes Mountain The Cloud Train Argentina This train, believed to be one of the world's highest, transports you above the clouds, as its name indicates. In fact, at times you're travelling so high you might be able to spot a bank of clouds under the train track. From Salta (1,187 meters), you can go as far as La Polvorilla Viaduct at 4,220 metres above sea level. This vertiginous journey takes you across more than a dozen viaducts sometimes perched more than 60 metres high, with 21 tunnels and 29 bridges. A great classic journey for travellers in search of thrilling experiences and sublime landscapes!

En route pour Zermatt !

Glacier Express Switzerland This train is the slowest in the world; it links St Moritz and Zermatt, taking some 7 hours, during which time you can enjoy some exceptional landscapes thanks to its panoramic

windows and glass roof. You'll climb over the 400 m deep Rhine Gorge and cross the Oberalp pass, 2,033 metres above sea level, with a clear view of the Cervin. A journey that mountain lovers will remember for a long time to come!

Exploring la Mer de Glace Montenvers railway France This rack railway, which was opened in 1909, transports you in complete safety, and within the space of just 20 minutes, to France's biggest glacier: la Mer de Glace (7 km long and 200 metres deep). The view is exceptional; a tour of the grotte de glace (ice cave), takes visitors into the heart of the glacier where you can learn about the life and culture of the mountain. In summer, you can cross from Montenvers to Plan de l'Aiguille via the Grand Balcon Nord with its unforgettable landscapes - something which will delight hikers.

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A GUIDE TO‌ Moutain Trains

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PORTFOLIO New-Zeland

New zeland

Over the course of the following pages, you'll find yourselves immersed in the beauty of these islands with their amazing landscapes. New Zealand is made up of two islands, the Northern "smoking" island, so called because of its volcanoes, and the Jade Island in the South, with its numerous snow-capped mountains contrasting with the greener valley floors.

New-Zealand is a place that's made for hiking and bivouacking. You can walk from one end of the country

to the other, on the famous "Te Araroa" which means the long pathway. This 3,000 km hiking trail borders beaches, mountain ranges and numerous national parks. The path traverses an incredible variety of landscapes; one day you'll travel through a quasi marine world and the next experience a mountainous universe.

Over the course of your journey, as you walk through New-Zealand's towns and villages, you'll also get to learn about the Kiwi culture. It's a country that's full of pleasant surprises.

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PORTFOLIO New-Zeland

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PORTFOLIO New-Zeland

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PORTFOLIO New-Zeland

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PORTFOLIO New-Zeland

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Vendu avec son tuyau et détendeur.

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IT'S YOUR ADVENTURE

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It's your adventure!

Preparing to climb Mont-Blanc

Preparing to climb Mont-Blanc

There are some mountains which, on account of their beauty and reputation, capture the imagination of climbing enthusiasts. The so-called "roof of Europe," like a bridge between heaven and earth, has long fascinated man. Each year, thousands of people, set off to try and conquer its summit. Despite its great popularity and the crowded routes, climbing Mont Blanc is still difficult and you are discouraged from embarking upon this adventure without proper preparation. Sara Berthelot, a high mountain guide and Quechua partner offers good advice to ensure you're ready when the day arrives! →

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Mont-Blanc, a victim of its own success ◆ Many people dream of climbing this peak, sometimes out of passion, or a sense of personal challenge, or sometimes fuelled by the desire to return home, at the end of a holiday, proud to have notched up such an achievement. Others with greater experience, under-estimate this mountain. It's not uncommon to come across individuals struggling powerlessly against the elements, due to lack of knowledge, training or appropriate equipment.

Starting mountaineering by climbing Mont Blanc is a little like beginning sailing by crossing the Atlantic.

A project like this shouldn't be the end point but rather "the icing on the cake." The natural progression should be more like ... you go mountaineering, you get to grips with it, you like it and then one day, as part of a natural progression, you may get to climb Mont Blanc but there'll be other climbs before then and there'll be lots of others

It's your adventure!

Preparing to climb Mont-Blanc

after! But it's obvious that Mont Blanc is still a very beautiful mountain; there's a good reason why so many people dream of conquering it !

The ideal preparation ◆ First of all, I always interrogate my clients in an effort to get to know them better. Being sporty is not enough as mountain trekking doesn't work the same muscles as running a marathon, for example.

Preparation can take a year.

The first advice that I can give is to walk, to go on regular outings (with an instructor or alone, depending on your knowledge) for at least 5-6 hours.

You mustn't overlook the acclimatization phase, 2-3 weeks before your ascent, to allow the body to adapt to altitude.

The idea is to walk and sleep at 2,500 m above sea level. The ideal would be spend a few day hiking over glaciers or midrange mountains. At altitude, the air pressure decreases and there is less oxygen available in each breath you take. At

the top of Mont-Blanc, it's estimated that each breath contains 30% less oxygen. The breathing rate increases at high altitude; the blood has to circulate more quickly and the heart rate accelerates. After a few hours at altitude, the body realizes that its strength is failing. So it reacts by producing extra red blood cells. You have to wait a few days to enjoy the effects of these new oxygen "transporters" which make you feel as if you've got wings!

The process of acclimatization means that the risk of adverse effects such as headaches, nausea, severe fatigue or even acute mountain sickness may be considerably reduced.

I also recommend planning for at least one technical outing with your guide, so you can get to know each other, improve your technique with specific equipment and check that your equipment is suitable for this particular ascent.

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• Knowing whether you like being in the mountains This may seem stupid but you'd be surprised by the number of people who embark about a Mont Blanc summit climb without even knowing if they like the world of mountains or the mountain culture!

If you're receptive to the beauty of the mountains and the power they exude, then you're more likely to accept the hardships associated with climbing.

Climbing Mont Blanc via the normal route is not technically very difficult but more physically difficult; you need to be able to cope with the length of the climb, and withstand the cold and depleted oxygen supplies. Once you've reached the summit, you've then got the descent.

Then, it's important that the person climbing has already experienced sleeping in a refuge. The refuge atmosphere is not for everyone and you also need to learn how to "cope with" the difficulty of sleeping badly then having to get up for a day of walking.

“Starting mountaineering by climbing Mont-Blanc is a little like beginning sailing by crossing the Atlantic.”

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• Prepare your backpack with Sara!

The guide will carry the safety equipment and prepare your backpack with you. √ ski goggles √ lightweight clic headlamp √ climbing hat √ very warm gloves + a pair of light weight gloves √ steel crampons with anti √ balling plates √ straight shaft, reasonably long ice√pick √ ear plugs √ a buff to protect the face √ hat √ sun cream for face and lips √ a few energy bars and salty food √ thermos flask √ lightweight, telescopic poles √ category 4 sunglasses √ a harness √ warm, crampon √ boots √ gaiters √ a lightweight, long √ sleeved top √ lightweight, compressible, down jacket √ novadry over √ trousers and top

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Preparing to climb Mont-Blanc

Choosing the right backpack ◆ As a guide, it's part of my work to ensure that my clients are well equipped and have the right equipment in their backpack. I often help them prepare their pack.

Even in the height of summer, it's important to understand that conditions at the summit can be very wintry, particularly because of the wind. The idea is to strike a

balance between having all the necessary equipment to cope with the weather, without handicapping yourself with too heavy a pack.

A 35 litre capacity backpack should suffice, especially if you have a guide in charge of the safety equipment.

It's important to be aware that although Mont Blanc is a very beautiful mountain there are many other mountains that you can enjoy es-

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pecially if it's the mountain atmosphere you're after. In particular, I'm thinking of the aiguille d’Argentière, the Chardonnet, the petit MontBlanc and the Grand Paradis, facing Mont Blanc which has an amazing view.

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Preparing to climb Mont-Blanc

They've tried it !

NATHANAËL & JULIE, and their Mont-Blanc experience

BRAM and his mont-blanc Experience,

Pharmacists in Montauban

Junior Project Manager for Quechua

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Nathanaël comes from the Pyrenees and I quickly became infected by his love of mountains. We decided to fix a common goal: "Mont Blanc in one year!" During this year, I trained a lot, starting with an exercise bike because it was practical and I found it easy to stick to, then, at the weekend, I'd go hiking in the Pyrenees. Nathanaël was basically more sporty but was very happy to accompany me on my small weekend adventures. We developed a taste for hiking together. After about 10 months of training, the day arrived. We set off from the night refuge and began the ascent, accompanied by a guide.

The ascent seemed interminable to me; there wasn't even the slightest flat section or downward slope to help us recover and keep us motivated. In addition, despite the good forecast, the weather was against us and there was a biting wind.

I had difficulty moving my fingers and Nathanaël started to get chilblains. As a precaution, he turned back to the refuge. I continued the long climb up but I felt a little discouraged and disappointed not to have Nathanaël by my side. In the end, I managed to reach the coveted summit; it was very cold and the view was completely obscured so we didn't hang about.

Once I'd rejoined my climbing companion, I told him all about the ascent. I was pleased that I'd succeeded. I quickly forgot about the pain and disappointment of the ascent and am now ready to embark upon the adventure again - and this time we'll reach the summit together."

"I'm originally from the Netherlands, a country where 40% of land is below sea level, so moving to the Mont Blanc valley, at the foot of this giant mountain, for me was almost a sign of the challenge to come. However, Mont-Blanc doesn't always have a good reputation due to overcrowding in the summer.

Then one day, my sister, who I often go hiking with, suggested that we ski tour up Mont Blanc. After a few training sessions and climbing Piz Buin in Switzerland, we were all set. We made our ascent via les Grands Mulets, departing from the Plan d'Aiguille (accessed via the 1st section of the Aiguille du Midi cable car). To start off we had to walk because, at the end of May, the snow had already reverted to summer levels. After a short night at the Refuge des grands mulets, we set off at 2 am, ready for our assault on the peak known as "the roof of Europe." It was a superb day, very sunny with 15 cm of freshly fallen snow. Gradually, we overtook the other teams who had set off before us and we finally reached the summit at around 10 o'clock. We were the first team that day to do so. It was a magical moment, the view was incredible with the valley at our feet, and I felt a new sense of freedom. We started our descent when the second group arrived so we were the first to open up a track through the snow. All my prejudices about this mountain have vanished forever."

Bram's adventure

Bram's adventure

Bram's adventure

Clotilde on the summit

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It's your adventure!

Preparing to climb Mont-Blanc

L'aventure de Martin crĂŠdits image : CĂŠcile HUET

Clotilde and her mont-blanc experience

Martin and his Mont-blanc experience

Studient in Paris

Shoe designer for Quechua

"I've always been motivated by a love of mountains and particularly high peaks so Mont Blanc for me was more than just a challenge; it was a dream.

Last year, together with my friend, Tristan, I decided to embark upon this epic adventure. I'm a student in Paris and had to find time to go running several times a week, and, in particular, running for increasingly long periods to improve my stamina. I began the sessions in April despite a few short breaks during mid-term exams.

My summer holiday in the Savoy, a place where I regularly holiday, formed the second part of my physical and mental preparation. We climbed several peaks, had a few running sessions the day after our climbs and rested. Although we really loved the mountains we didn't have any proper climbing experience so we took a mountain guide with us.

The expedition was everything I'd hoped for. During the evening, at the refuge, we were able to admire the panoramic view of the summits illuminated by the full moon. We started the ascent at around one o'clock in the morning, via the Epaule du Mont Blanc du Tacul. Reaching the "roof of Europe," in dazzling sunlight and being able to enjoy the breath-taking view was a wonderful experience! The memories are unforgettable, a reward that is certainly commensurate with our efforts!"

"Mont Blanc is the summit of dreams, inaccessible to most people. The time and commitment necessary to train and acclimatize is very daunting. It would be so great to be able to reach the summit easily, in two hours, with a minimum of effort, without any mechanical means, and then to be able to spend a few minutes at the top, catching your breath, before gently descending to the valley, to enjoy a beer and the view, at a lower altitude in less hostile surroundings.

On Sunday 19th August 2012, we found ourselves, with more than one hundred other paragliders at the Planpraz take-off site, above Chamonix, ready to realize this dream together.

The scorching conditions were perfect for reaching the summit.

With one leap, we cleared the jagged ridges and gigantic seracs - so feared by climbers - gaping below our feet. We sat comfortably in our seats, the conditions were perfect and it all seemed straightforward.

As we moved higher up, the air became colder and the sky a deeper, purer blue. The wind direction at the summit was perfect and more than one hundred pilots landed. The conditions were exceptional and the paragliders present will remember that day forever."

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WHAT IS IT ?

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WHAT IS IT ?

The difference between

the difference between‌

"What is the difference between an ibex and a chamois?" "Is that a spruce or fir tree?" Hikers are confronted with so many difficult questions during their mountain excursions. There is a lot of confusion and it's not always easy to differentiate between plants that look alike or similar animals.

Here's an article to ensure that you will never again confuse an ibex and a chamois, the spruce and fir tree, adret and ubac slopes and finally, a doe and a roe!

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Ibex or chamois?

Ibex

Chamois

They both live in the mountains and fascinate hikers, bounding up steep slopes that man is incapable of following. However, the ibex and chamois are two completely different animals.

You can distinguish between them mostly by their horns. In fact, the ibex has long, thick, grey horns that continue to grow throughout its life. They can reach up to a metre in length! The chamois, however, has much slimmer, shorter (between 20 and 25 centimetres) black horns which only grow during the first 2 years of its life. However, these two animals can easily be confused when they're small.

The ibex is a much stockier and heavier animal than the chamois. On average, a male measures 85 centimetres at the withers and weighs 90 kg as opposed to 67 cm at the withers and an average weight of 50 kg for a chamois.

If you see them close up, you'll also be able to recognize them by their heads: the chamois has a white patch on its nose while the ibex has a completely grey head To SUM UP : If it has long, thick horns: it's an ibex.

Spruce or fir tree ?

Spruce and fir tree branches in front view :

Spruce tree branch and cone

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The difference between

Fir tree branch and cone

Spruce and fir trees are much in evidence in the mountains, but do you know how to tell them apart? To do this, you just have to look at the shape of the needles and their position on the branch. The fir tree has flat needles which appear to be aligned on each side of the branch like the teeth on a double-sided comb. They are not prickly and on their inner surface, you'll see two white lines which are the pores.

The needles on a spruce tree seem to form a semi-cylinder around the branch. They are uniformly green and the end of the needle is extremely prickly.

On a spruce tree, the fruit hangs down while on a fir tree it points upwards. The fruit of both trees are known as "cones" and not "pine cones" which is the term used to describe the fruit of the pine tree.

TO SUME UP : If the needles are prickly and the cones point downwards, it's a spruce tree !

…L’adret and ubac The adret and ubac are two opposing slopes of a mountain valley. The adret is the slope that gets the longest exposure to sun and the ubac is the opposing slope which is more in the shade. The ubac, is North facing, and is therefore the colder slope. The two slopes differ in terms of their vegetation; the Northfacing slope is largely covered by coniferous forests (spruce, larch, fir trees) while the opposing slope is mostly covered with leafy vegetation, small shrubs and alpine grass.

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TO SUM UP : Southerly aspect, sun and a slope covered with leafy vegetation, it's the adret! !

Upstream or downstream ?

The terms "upstream" and "downstream" are often used in the mountains. When standing on a mountain path, do you know, for example, how to tell which foot is facing upstream and which is downstream?

Nothing could be simpler: your upstream foot is pointing towards the top of the mountain. Your downstream foot faces the valley.

TO SUM UP : Upstream is the mountain. Downstream is the valley.

Doe or roe ?

The name "doe" is often used incorrectly. In truth, doe only refers to a female deer while roe is used specifically for roe deer. The roe deer is the smallest member of the deer family, measuring no more than 80 cm at the withers, and weighing between 15 and 35 kg.

Stags and does are much bigger and stockier.

They are easily identified by their build; to give you an idea - a stag is around the size of a large cow measuring 1.2 - 1.5 m at the withers and can weigh between 120 and 250 kg. So the doe is a lot larger than the roe deer, with an adult weighing between 60 kg and 120 kg.

If you come across them when out hiking, you may well hear the bell of the stag or the bark of the roebuck.

TO SUM UP : A doe is a female deer; you can recognize it by its build !

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SPECIAL REPORT

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SPECIAL REPORT The bivouac shelter

THE BIVOUAC SHELTER

Sleeping in the middle of the countryside, travelling unhindered, journeying through new landscapes - bivouacking is certainly a unique experience. You can go bivouacking alone, with family or friends; it's a great alternative way of discovering the mountains and mountain atmosphere, guided by the light of the sun, or walking in moonlight, under a starry sky. Bivouacking is an activity that is open to all, suitable for all levels provided you know a few basic rules. So, get started this summer; the chances are that you'll get hook ed. →

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Where's the best place to set up camp ?

The bivouac shelter is a temporary encampment set up in the middle of the countryside by hikers or individuals participating in other outdoor activities such as climbing or mountain biking etc.

It's a moveable camp that you put up at sunset and take down at sunrise. You never spend more than one night in the same place, unlike wild camping where you can spend several days at the same site.

You travel through new landscapes every day without really knowing where you're going to set up your tent in the evening. You're advised to familiarise yourself with some of the rules so that you know where you can set up your bivouac.

The first thing to do is to find out, in advance, about the rules specific to each region and National Park. Bivouacking differs considerably from camping in terms of regulations. A specific district can, in fact, issue a by-law prohibiting camping within its territory. In general, once you're in the middle of the mountains, all camping is deemed to be bivouacking and is permitted as long as you don't spend two consecutive nights in the same place. Bivouacs are not permitted

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SPECIAL REPORT The bivouac shelter

in National Parks unless they are more than one hour's walk from the nearest refuge or edge of the Park. In addition, in some regions, such as Corsica, bivouacking is strictly forbidden in the summer, largely because of significant fire risks.

If bivouacking is permitted, it's important to find an ideal location, both in terms of comfort and safety. The ideal site should meet a few simple criteria which will make life much easier for you. The first is to find a flat, dry area, sheltered from the wind. In case of rain, dig a small gully around the tent to avoid getting flooded.

Keep away from streams which can become hazardous in rainy weather, causing flash floods. Also stay away from herds of animals who'll be disturbed by your presence and may attract sheep dogs.

Setting up camp quickly If you're going bivouacking you need a lightweight tent that's not bulky and that's easy to put up as the hiker has to move camp every day. That's why Quechua has developed a special range to meet this particular need. The Quickhiker tents are easy to pitch thanks to an "all in one" pitching system which includes a self-supporting dome-shaped structure and

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Some tips from us : To ensure your groundsheet is taut and crease-free, remember to stretch the tent tightly using the lower straps.

Although common sense may suggest otherwise, you shouldn't overtighten the guy lines (strings or ropes), which are designed to provide greater wind resistance. If you overtighten the guy lines, you will flatten your tent, reducing its height and creating a larger door opening through which rain water can enter; condensation will form in the creases on the ceiling, further adding to your discomfort etc.

To ensure your tent can withstand even the strongest mountain winds, drive your stakes (pegs) into the ground, at a 45° angle away from the tent.

poles already attached to the tent. They have two doors as well as two storage areas.

Quechua has pushed back the boundaries when it comes to lightweight design, producing ultralight versions of the Quickhiker tents, weighing less than one kg per person.

These tents are more compact and light-

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Sleeping bag RANDO 15°

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SPECIAL REPORT The bivouac shelter

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39€ 95

The Quickhiker tent 2-men (2,75 kg) 3-Men (3,25 kg)

99€ 95 129€ 90

accessory meals RANDO 2-PERSON

29€ 95

Tente quickhiker ultralight available in 3 different models

2-MEN (1,96 kg) 3-MEN (2,6 kg) 4-MEN (3,9 kg)

weight, thanks to the use of lighter and more technical components, while retaining a roomy interior In a bivouac, the night belongs to you Many people enjoy walking at nightfall. The mountain takes on a whole new aspect and the starry skies, far from any light pollution are amazing. Lie down on the floor and enjoy this amazing spectacle; you'll quickly be able to spot the constellations and you may also be lucky enough to see some shooting stars!

The 24th festival of the nuit des étoiles (night of stars) takes place on the 1st, 2nd and 3rd August 2014. During the course of these

three nights, you can take part in sky-watching events, held all over Europe, organized by observatories and amateur associations. Although you can see shooting stars on any day of the year, if the sky is clear, you'll have much more chance of spotting one over the course of these three days, as it is the period for meteor showers. This phenomenon is known as Perseids and is a meteor shower created by debris from the comet Swift-Turtle as it enters earth's atmosphere.

To move or set up your tent safely at night, you need to be able to see and be seen.

The clic light is designed to suit your every need; you can attach it to your backpack, like a headlamp, or to the tent if you want to create a really comfortable base camp. Now it's

149€ 90 199€ 90 299€ 90

your turn to enjoy the beautiful starry nights!

The clic camp kit means you can install the light in any tent. Thanks to a system of magnetic mounts.

This, together with the Clic remote control means you can turn off the light without getting out of your sleeping bag.

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ANIMALS

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ANIMALS Mountain birds

Mountain birds

They populate the sky, trees and sometimes even the ground and enliven your hikes with their melodious or strange songs. Birds are much in evidence in the mountains and, no doubt, you've already spotted some amazing specimens occasionally exhibiting some surprising behaviour. In fact, in addition to their physical differences, all birds display remarkable, and often unique, forms of behaviour. Find out about some of our favourite funny birds ! →

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ANIMALS Mountain birds

the white - throated dipper , The bird that flies under water

the wallcreeper , A superlative climber

The white-throated dipper is the king of mountain streams, defying the force of the current and proudly displaying his white chest!

This small bird (18-20 cm) with its plumpish body can be recognized largely by its white bib.

You'll often spot it near rivers or on rocks, in the middle of water, as it feeds on aquatic invertebrates, insect larvae, small fish, tadpoles, fish eggs etc. When in deep water, it finds its food by flapping its powerful wings to reach the bottom.

It then walks under the water, gripping the small stones on the bottom. It walks against the current, head lowered in search of prey, ready to unearth its victims, using its feet and beak. A bird that displays unique behaviour and is amazingly adept at fishing !

Don't try and follow in the footsteps of the wallcreeper - you won't be able to!

This bird is unique both in terms of morphological features and behaviour. It has a long thin beak, which is curved at the end, allowing it to eat insects hidden in the cracks of rocks, and crimson wings which means it can be easily identified. Its claws allow it to move vertically up steep walls, in small jumps. The wallcreeper lives in a number of different rocky habitats where it seeks out cavities for nesting; however, it's also successfully adapted to man-made infrastructures - mountain dams make particularly popular playgrounds !

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Between heaven & earth

the rock ptarmigan

The master of camouflage The rock ptarmigan, also called the snow partridge, is a legendary bird which many hikers are keen to see but which is difficult to spot.

It spends most of its time on the ground, on rocky land or scrub. Its plumage changes colour depending on the time of year and its surroundings. During the winter period, from late November through to late March, it is almost completely white in colour. When the snow melts, the female adopts a brown, gold and black nuptial plumage; a little later, the chest and neck of the males turn red. Finally, during the summer molting period, the brown colour extends over most of its body. The rock ptarmigan is perfectly camouflaged in all seasons !

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ANIMALS Mountain birds

You can find Jérémy's work on his website www.jeremycalvo.fr

the spotted nutcracker , The bird with the memory of an elephant

the peregrine falcon ,

the black gouse ,

This bird inhabits coniferous forests. Its diet is very specific and mainly comprises hazel nuts and pine nuts. In order to eat the nut, it picks up the shell in its beak and knocks it against a branch or rock to open it. You can even hear it up to 50 metres away. The spotted nutcracker also has a great sense of direction and impressive memory. In fact, it returns to harvest seeds from the same place over a period of successive years; it can also seek out places where it has hidden its food, deposited over a large area, even if these hiding places are covered with snow.

It's an average-sized bird of prey with a wing span averaging between 80 and 105 cm. It's worth noting that the female is a much more imposing figure than the male. This bird dive-bombs when hunting; in other words, it identifies its prey during a reconnaissance flight and then dives towards it at a 20-40° angle. This dive-bombing action is extremely fast, commonly reaching speeds of between 200 to 250 km/h, thanks to its aerodynamic shape and long pointed wings.

However, its hunting success rate is quite low; it's estimated that for every successful attack in mountainous regions, there will be another 15 unsuccessful flights..

There's no chance of confusing this bird, with its thick neck and tail that it uses like a fan, just like the turkey. The male has brown-black plumage with a green sheen and a bright red wattle over the eye. The female has reddish-brown plumage with black patches.

During mating season, the males all gather at the same site, called a lek, to stage their display (a battle which determines who is the strongest in the group). Up to 30 males may gather at the same site - an amazing spectacle!

In the winter, to protect themselves from the cold, they build an "igloo" where the temperature remains around 4°. Often, however, these are disturbed by off-piste skiers or snow-showers. So it's important to stick to the pistes and follow marked trails to ensure these birds get the peace and quiet they need.

The fastest bird

Igloo builder

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5 questions to :

Joël Roux, mountain guide, "mouNtain storm" Mountain skies are rather fickle and occasionally store up some unexpected surprises for hikers. All hikers will have encountered the infamous summer storm, a violent, unpredictable and potentially dangerous spectacle. We met Joël Roux, mountain guide and member of the SNAM (National Union of Mountain Guides), one of Quechua's partner institutions. He talked to us about this phenomenon as well as what to do in case you get caught in a mountain storm.

[hkg]

[ j.r]

how can you plan for mountain storms ?

Summer is, of course, the season to enjoy the mountains but it's also a time of extreme heat which means the stormy season. The main concern is the speed with which the storm arrives; the weather in the mountains changes very quickly, before you've even had time to realize. So you need to learn to be vigilant and to observe the environment around you. You are advised to check the local weather forecast and observe the sky regularly. You can often spot the warning signs of a storm by the presence of very tall clouds with a dark base. Very often, the threat is strongest at the end of the day but that doesn't rule out being unpleasantly surprised in the middle of the day.

what are the dangers of mountain storms?

Some storms can, of course, be beautiful, dramatic and very impressive but you still need to be careful. Apart from river flooding, rock slides, a sudden drop in temperature and hail, the main danger is being struck by lightening. Each year, there are several recorded incidents of hikers hit by lightening.

Several hikers are affected by this deadly phenomenon every year.

when it comes to storms, where's the best place to shelter ?

A better question would be: which places should you avoid? The most important thing is to try to avoid stopping on a ridge or peak or under an isolated tree where you'll be the highest object. And avoid sheltering under a tree or boulder. You should also move as far away as possible from water, lakes, streams etc. as water is a conductor of electricity.

what should you do during the storm ?

Put down all metallic objects such as walking poles and move away from them.

The correct position is crouched down ( feet together, arms around knees, head on knees) on top of your backpack, or on some other insulator so that your feet don't touch the ground.

If you're in a group, leave a certain amount of space between each of you.

Finally, stay calm and wait until the next clear interval to continue your hike; storms are intense but often short-lived.

what equipment should you have with you ?

When you notice the large, dark grey clouds, presaging the gathering storm, or feel the first few drops of rain, before you get soaked, put on your wet weather clothing to help you keep dry as humidity is a conductor of electricity. Anticipate the drop in temperature and slip on a warm layer under your waterproof clothing.

And then enjoy your summer in the mountains!

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TRAVEL les Aurores Boréal

Sur les chemins de randonnée > WWW.CHAMINA-VOYAGES.COM

1_ hiking on the moon_avril 2014.indd 1

14/04/14 09:28

Arpenaz rain cut jacket :

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We don't always think about it but, when you're out hiking, your legs are very exposed. These overtrousers will be your trusty companion in rainy weather !

This breathable, waterproof jacket will also help protect you from the wind when out hiking. Its stretch fabric will move with your body, whatever the weather !

€49.95

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TREND

Connected hiking Hiking has taken a new turn with the appearance of new technologies. There's no question of spoiling the pleasure and quiet of the mountains but rather of offering new possibilities to share discoveries, to learn and also to improve safety. Immerse yourself in the world of connected hiking and find out what the newly-converted mountain enthusiasts have to say !

Learning and sharing "What's that mountain over there?" "Do you think you can eat these small berries?" "What's our elevation gain/loss?" "My sister would love this scenery!" "Is the refuge open?" etc.

There are so many questions and comments that you must have already heard or even uttered yourself, without being able to give an answer!

Now imagine being able to answer all your questions immediately and share your findings, and the landscapes you encounter, with your friends and family. Connected hiking offers all these possibilities with tools and apps to help you recognize mountains, flora and fauna.

You can also check out your hike in advance, researching points of interest, or finding out the number of kilometres to be covered and elevation gain/loss. Finally, you can share what you see, on video or photos with your family, often just using a single device with a number of different functions. Tomorrow, perhaps your hiking poles, backpack, glasses or boots will also be connected!

Connected hiking is about learning, naming the world around us, asking questions, finding answers and sharing

Safety Although you may not realize it, you may already be part of the connected hiking movement ... Today the smartphone is the hiker's leading accessory, before even the water bottle or backpack! 75% of hikers carry their smartphone with them for reassurance, in case of an accident, for example. Connected hiking is also about improving the hiker's safety thanks to efficient localization tools (GPS, maps etc.) and the possibility of reaching help quickly.

They're connected ■ nicolas bezard, high moutain guide "I use a GPS app on my smartphone. I find it much more user-friendly than a classic GPS with a proper back-up service if there's a problem with the app or you have any questions about how it works. It also allows you to exchange information with other people who use

the same app and follow their route. You don't need a network; I find that the app works better than a classic GPS. I also use certain safety apps, for example a clinometer, when ski touring, which allows you to measure the angle of a slope incline and thus evaluate the

avalanche risk. Finally, I also use a snow report app particularly when training my clients in risk management"

■ marion f, teacher and Quechua customer "We live a long way from the mountains and for us hiking is synonymous with holidays.

In the summer, we go to stay with my parents-in-law in the Pyrenees and enjoy the scenery

with the children. For us, it's a chance to meet up again and also disconnect from the world However, it is true that I use my mobile particularly to take photos that I send to my par-

ents so we get to share the odd moment together, remotely. As for the children, they publish their photos on social networks, which is another whole new dimension!"

■ nicolas mordelet, field testing engineer and Quechua trail ambassador "For training sessions and running, I use a GPS watch which provides me with information about the distance covered and altitude gain/loss in real time.

It's a tool that I use every day; it also allows me to programme my training sessions in advance: recovery time, distance etc. Other people use smartphone apps, everyone has their favourite.

I then export race data onto a

sharing platform, which is really more about the competitive aspect of racing! You can compare your performances with those of your colleagues which is quite fun.

Storing my data also means that I can analyse my sessions and my biggest races. Being able to find out, in real time, the number of kilometres covered and elevation gain/loss can be a motivating force, knowing,

for example, that you only have 3km left before a refuelling stop can really spur you on but it can also have a negative effect on the runner if things haven't gone according to plan. For me, being connected means that I can take control of my training sessions, make progress and share and compare my performances with others."

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Chez Quechua

[hkg]

[b.c]

We met Bertrand CZAICKI, Quechua's electronics product manager who talked to us about his vision of connected hiking and explained how Quechua is adapting and innovating in response to this trend.

What does connected hiking mean for you ?

A few years ago, mountains and hiking meant a backwater village, untouched by the influence of technology and modern life. It meant a compass, a guide book and a paper map. In the past, we used to try to escape from the connected world, seeking refuge in traditional mountain values.

Today, being connected is part of the modern way of life: sharing your excitement with friends, getting immediate answers on the internet, finding out your location at any moment, finding out the weather etc. Connected hiking also allows each person to experience the mountains as he wishes: hiking to enjoy the scenery, to better an ascent time, to find mushrooms or go on a treasure hunt. Which increases the number of possible experiences !

How did the Quechua phone come into being ?

In fact, the project was born out of a desire to help. When we observed users, we noticed that there was a real need for access to knowledge, games, learning and safety. The only problem was that, in the mountains, many people were reluctant to get their phones out their bags because they worried about ruining them. In addition, they were worried about running down their batteries in case they needed to use GPS to find out where they were. So we decided to create the world's first mountain-proof smartphone: The 5’’ Quechua Phone.

Mountain-proof?

What does that mean?

Mountain-proof means that it is able to withstand the mountain environment. It's shock, rain, snow and mud resistant. You can even read the screen in broad sunlight and the smartphone has a long battery life.

Finally, it also has a barometric altimeter for those who like exact altitude information.

Can you install the Quechua app on it?

Indeed. In fact, the project first emerged while we were working on a hiking app.

Today we have a platform specially designed for the mountain. So now we can offer Quechua Tracking, an Android app which focuses on safety and sharing experiences. The hiker can continuously monitor his location on a mountain map and send his position in case of emergency. He can also create a unique and attractive hiking journal, with his photos, detailing his experience which he can then share with his friends.

And what does the future hold for us ?

Of course, we can't reveal everything but it seems obvious, given the rapid increase in connected objects in the world, that a large part of a future hiker's equipment will be connected to the internet which will allow us to better capture exercise data, including the hiker's location and moods and react intelligently to external conditions.

And all this is, of course, much better for safety, and helps free the hiker's mind from practical constraints, so that he can focus solely on his passion and the pleasure of discovering the mountain !

Discover theQuechua Phone in picture

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PRODUCT TEST

The Clic hiking kit Who better than our customers to test our products? In this new test, we've appealed to you, readers and Quechua customers to give us your views on the Clic lamp. Valérie and Olivier, both mountain enthusiasts, set off to test it just for you! Here you can read about their experience and what they learned about the clic during their first hike on the high limestone plateaus of Calern!

When I got the product, I was very surprised: the lamp was very small and, most importantly, I couldn't find any instructions!

And then suddenly, something inside me clicked: in fact it's simple, you just have to fit the base to the lamp and twist. I have to confess, the idea of twisting came from my son. But once you've understood that, the rest is really easy: you "click" and then "re-click" to get a red beam which can be used for road-side safety or three different light settings for visibility/lighting. On the other hand, there's no SOS type beam which is a shame that's the first aider coming out in me. But the light can still help locate a hiker on a GR footpath or mountain pasture.

When I discovered the accessories kits, I was like a child with a new toy: the USB connector, the micro USB adapter, the holding clip and the multi-use strap for wearing as a spotlight. I could already imagine attaching the clic to my 2sec tent on a summer's evening or simply to my jacket pocket while I looked for the last branches for the evening campfire, under the moon and stars.

We were waiting for summer, the weather at the end of March had been very changeable and there was still quite a lot of snow, rain and wind so it was difficult to organize our excursion to test the clic. But then a sudden window appeared - the last weekend in March!

CLIC HIKE KIT

CLIC camp kit

CLIC

• 1 lamp

• 2 lamps

• 1 lamp

• USB et micro USB charger

• 2 tent holder

• 1 holding clip

• 1 holding clip

• USB et micro USB charger

• 1 USB et micro USB charge

• 1 elastic strap

• 1 remote

19€ 95

We decided to set off hiking along the Cheiron ridge, the highest point in the Préalpes d’Azur Regional Natural Park (France). I attached the clic to my jacket, trousers and backpack; its powerful clip meant that it held well. Just one small downside: friction or rough treatment can cause the clic to become unclipped. Once, after dark, we wanted to visit Caussol and the astronomical observatory on the Calern plateau.

As we advanced towards the white domes of the observatories, standing like watch towers under the stars, we surveyed the lunar landscapes of these high limestone plateaus.

29€95

12€95

-

+ • versatile • Power • battery life • charging system

• No SOS function • plastic appearence

The Clic is certainly worthy of its prestigiously-named predecessors. The clic's versatility is wonderful; it attaches anywhere even on the collar of a small dog - great fun! It lasts a long time, with a battery life of more than twelve hours of continuous use. Don't worry - it was so bitterly cold on the plateau that our excursion was short-lived and we ended up, with our Clic, in a lovely inn, the sort of place that you're always hoping to find along the roadside.

Olivier, Quechua customer and tester wearing the Clic lamp

One Light, infinite solutions

CONNECTED LIGHT CONCEPT

HIKE

camp

Watch the video

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Between heaven & earth

culture

How to photograph a mountain sky

image credit: Éric COURCIER image credit: Éric COURCIER

Who amongst us hasn't stood in awe, gazing admiringly at a mountain sky? At dawn, when the sky lights up, during the day when the clouds caress the mountain tops, at sunset when adorned in pink, or at night, cloaked in a thousand stars. But when you get out your camera, it's difficult to capture the beauty of these magnificent landscapes. We met Eric Courcier, a mountain guide and photographer, who showed us his work and offered advice so that you too

can successfully take photos of mountains skies.

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Eric Courcier is anything but a beginner. For 15 years, he's been capturing the beauty of the landscapes he's encountered. The mountain sky, with no close sources of light, is exceptional; the sky takes on a new aspect, often displaying magical colours.

As an astronomy enthusiast, the starry skies remain an endless source of inspiration for him. Eric works with a type of reflex camera and lenses ranging in size from 12 to 300mm.

Sunrises and sunsets The light is softest at dawn and the end of the day, so you can make the most of the beautiful atmosphere.

The low-angled light emphasizes the contours of the landscape. As far as possible, you should avoid the hours in the middle of the day when the light is harsh with very high contrast, which is not conducive to taking beautiful picture. In general, I expose for the highlights (to avoid "burning out" the white) and I often use the exposure compensation button (+/- icon) on camera. This device allows you to recover the details from the shadows or highlights depending on whether you use positive or negative compensation.

The most important thing is to use your camera's RAW image quality setting. This mode gives you the raw image captured by the sensor and allows you to correct certain exposure errors, something you can't do with JPEG. A graduated filter may be useful - even essential - if the contrast between the foreground and background is too stark. You can always fill in some of the gaps post-production but you'll always get the best results at the actual time of shooting.

Experimenting with clouds A clear blue sky is beautiful but often the presence of some clouds can add to the atmosphere and produce a totally different picture. Us-

ing a ND (Neutral Density) filter will allow you to use lower shutter speeds by reducing the amount of light that enters the lens and, therefore, the sensor. These low speeds will produce a blurred cloud effect, if the clouds are moving. This type of filter is most often used to blur the movement of a stream or waterfall while keeping the white balance.

Don't be afraid of experimenting with clouds and construct your picture around them. A mountain with a distinctive cloud nearby generally creates a lovely effect.

For a more classic composition, pay attention to the contrast between the clouds and the ground; don't worry about a bit of under-exposure; it's always easier to recover shadow details than details from white areas.

Southern Cross in the southern hemisphere, around which all the stars orbit. The ideal would be to accumulate exposures of 2-5 minutes with the shortest possible time interval between exposures and then stack the images using a specialist software programme.

image credit : Éric COURCIER

6 steps to capture stars on film • select your focal point and frame the desired image.

• focus on a star or bright planet but if none is visible, choose the source of artificial light that is furthest from you.

• turn off the autofocus and, above all, avoid touching the zoom now.

• adjust the white balance (WB for White Balance on the camera) in manual mode, to between 2600 and 4500°K, to reduce the effects of light pollution from surrounding towns as much as possible. If you're using automatic mode, your picture will be all yellowy-orangey which is not the effect you're after when taking night photos. Make sure you don't set the white balance control

Starry skies There's no need for fancy equipment to capture a starry sky; a recent, entry-level reflex camera will give good results when used with the right settings. Some compact, or so-called "expert" cameras or hybrid cameras can also be fun but offer fewer possibilities. A luminous object will be an invaluable aid when taking a photo at night.

Don't forget that the earth rotates which means that the stars move in the sky.

If you over-expose, the perfect little white dots that you wanted to capture will appear as lines. This is all the more true if the focal point is a long way away. A wide angle lens allows for longer exposures than a teleobjective lens.

If you want to take long exposures without star trails, you need to use astronomical equipment, in particular a motorized equatorial mount which rotates in the opposite direction of the earth, meaning that stars don't move across the field of view.

To shoot the famous circular star trails, direct your camera at the Northern star in the Northern hemisphere or the

too low otherwise the picture will have too much blue.

• frame the image • release the shutter using a cable release to avoid vibrations. If you don't have one of these, you can set the camera's self-timer to 2 or 10 seconds, depending on your preference.

And of course, to do all this, you need to use a tripod to avoid the risk of motion blur.

Some sort of planetarium software will be useful to help predict the rise and set times for the moon or a particular constellation so you can better plan your evening and viewing spot.

Stellarium is free and I regularly use it before taking photos.

Available on smartphones: Carte du ciel, Google Skymap and even Skeye give good results but you may end up having to pay, depending on your operating system or the options chosen.

So now it's over to you; capture your dream landscapes, where the sky meets the earth.

image credit: Éric COURCIER

Find more about Eric's work on his website : www.ericcourcier.com

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Between heaven & earth

The ascent of Mont-Blanc

We're talking about cookery here! Just like the mountain from which it takes its name, learning to bake this dish is difficult; you'll need a little training before embarking upon this fabulous creation which combines three products in three layers: meringue, chestnut cream and whipped cream !

Pâtisserie made ​​by Zanin, Cake Shop and Chocolate in the valley of Mont Blanc 111 avenue de Chamonix 74190 Le Fayet - FRANCE 04 50 78 27 03 www.zaninchocolatier.fr

Serves 4: • To make the chestnut cream - 75g chestnut purée - 200g chestnut paste - 1 tsp of rum or cognac - 25g soft butter, at room temperature • For the meringuese - 2 eggs - 60g caster sugar - 60g icing sugar • For the whipped creamy -200ml full fat crème fraîche (30% fat content) - 2 tbsp icing sugar

The Recipe Meringues Preheat your oven to 90°C. Tip the egg whites (at room temperature) into a large bowl and beat until they form peaks. Once they become foamy, gradually add the sugar and continue to beat. Then add the icing sugar taking care not to smash up the egg whites. Finally, arrange the mixture in small mounds on greaseproof paper and cook for 2 hours. The meringue in Mont-Blanc is crunchy.

Chestnut cream Mix the chestnut cream ingredients together vigorously until you get a homogenous mixture. Keep at room temperature Whipped cream Don't take the crème fraîche out of the fridge until you start making the whipped cream. Whip the cream in a large bowl. When you notice the consistency changing, add the icing sugar. To check whether the cream is ready, turn your bowl upside down - the cream shouldn't fall out.

Assembling the dish Once your meringues are cooked and cooled, it's time to assemble the dessert. Arrange the meringues in paper cases. Then cover with whipped cream to create a sphere-shape. Then cover the whipped cream with the chestnut cream, using a piping bag with the smallest possible nozzle, and pipe small lines to form a chestnut cream nest.

TIP :

For successful whipped cream, you are strongly advised to make sure you use wellchilled crème fraîche but it's also a good idea to put your bowl and whisk in the freezer and leave them there until the very last moment !

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photo competition

Mountain Skies Now it's your turn! Capture and share with us your most beautiful mountain sky image, following the advice of Eric Courcier.* Sunsets, clouds that caress the mountains, daytime colours and starry skies the mountain is revealed in all its glory.

Submit your most beautiful photo on the theme of "Mountain skies."

Send us your photo and

try to win a complete range of hiking equipment shoes, clic hiking kit, jacket, backpack you'll be fully equipped, from head to toe! !

How to take part ?

Upload your photo to the Quechua Facebook page: www.facebook.com/Quechua; upload to Twitter or instagram by adding #HKG9 @Quechua or email us your photo at hello@hikingonthemoon.com A jury, comprising Quechua team members, will meet to select the most beautiful and original suggestion.

Participation restricted to one photo per person. * Discover Eric's advice in the culture section p.66

image credit : Éric COURCIER

Closing date for entries : 31st August 2014

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TRAVEL les Aurores Boréal

Between heaven & earth

Q U E C H U A , I N N O VAT I V E D E V E L O P E R O F T E N T S S I N C E 2 0 0 5

2 Seconds Easy Folds up easily watch the video

from 39,95 €

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Between heaven & earth

trend Connected Hiking

Today, 75% of hikers take their mobile phones with them for reassurance, in case of an accident, for example. It's the number 1 accessory - even more popular than the water bottle and backpack!

Animals Moutain birds

The spotted nutcracker can store so many seeds in its crop (bird's oesophagus) that it then becomes difficult for it to fly..

It's your adventure Preparing to climb Mont-Blanc

The estimated* success right for climbing Mont Blanc, accompanied by a guide, is 50%; a rate that is considerably lower when unaccompanied. The primary reason for failure is inadequate mental and physical preparation!

What is it?

The differences between…

To tell the difference between a spruce and fir tree, you need to know that if the needles are prickly and the cones point downwards, it's a spruce! On the other hand, if it has "soft" needles with fruit that point upwards, it's a fir tree!

5 questions to Joël Roux, moutain guide In the event of a storm, it's important to avoid sheltering under a tree or boulder. The correct position to adopt is the "crouching" position (feet together, arms around knees and head on knees)..

Focus Astronomical observatories in the mountains "ALMA", in Chile, is the largest astronomical observatory in the world, perched at 5,100 metres above sea level. It was opened in March 2013 and its network of 66 antennas forms a "giant eye," measuring 16 km in diameter. *According to Chamonix tourist office

INFO R M A T IONS

LEGALES

:

Editeur : Quechua, une société du groupe DECATHLON SA (OXYLANE GROUP) 4 boulevard de Mons BP 299-56665 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France Directeur de publication : Julie Bordez

info légales

Direction artistique : Timothé Blandin Rédaction : Pauline Martin Relecture : Clothilde Drouet

Ont collaboré à ce numéro : Articles : Joana Buzzolini, Victor Lièvre, Jérémy Calvo, Nicolas Bezard, Bertrand Czaicki, Nicolas Mordelet, Nelly Poyet, Joël Roux, Sara Berthelot, Bram Van Heugten, Clotilde Michelland, Martin Beaujouant, Eric Courcier, Julie Bordez, Laurence de Boerio, Jessica Lagorce, Olivier Soligny, Philippe Mathias Photographies : François Guion, Jérémy Calvo, Michel Sedan, Eric Courcier, Cecile Huet, Vincent Perraud, Le Pic du Midi, Nicolas Bourgeois, Paul Compere, C. Etchelecou Portfolio : François Guion, Michel Sedan, Vincent Perraud Régie Publicitaire : Stéphane Costantini - 06 60 68 15 95- scostantini94@gmail.com Couverture : Photographie : Éric Courcier Logo : STUDIO ORES Impression : Imprimerie Villière, Route d’Annemasse, 74160, Beaumont France.

Date de parution : Mai 2014

Dépôt légal à parution ISSN : 2257-4662 Périodicité : magazine trimestriel Toute reproduction ou représentation intégrale ou partielle par quelque procédé que ce soit des pages publiées dans le présent magazine faites sans l’autorisation de l’éditeur est illicite et constitue une contrefaçon. Seules sont autorisées, d’une part, les reproductions strictement réservées à l’usage privé du copiste et non destinées à une utilisation collective, et d’autre part, les courtes citations justifiées par le caractère scientifique ou d’information de l’œuvre dans laquelle elles sont incorporées. (art L.122-4, L.122-5 et L.335-2 du Code) Ne peut être vendu Les prix indiqués sont valables en France métropolitaine uniquement

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number #9

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