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- Shailesh Reddy, CEO, Mana TV.

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How to Support Victims of Spousal abuse in US though Manavi - Prashanthi Reddy.

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• Interview with Shri Raju Reddy, NRI, Founder, Kakatiya Sandbox. • eTq ‘Ó\+>±D ø√dü+ ª&ÉjT· ˝Ÿ j·TTesY $˝ÒCŸµ #·sêÃ y˚~ø£ - s¡$Á|üø±wt y˚Ts¬ &ç.¶ • Trekking to Thessaloniki - Sameer Sheik. • Smile Everyday - Meera Mayreddy. • Civil Rights Journey of Rosa Park - Rishitha Musuku. • My field trip to Crystal Cave - Ashwika Papasani. • I am Me - Tanvi Papagari. • India - Shriyansh Nellutla. • PTA Activities. 2

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Colonization of Telangana in the past 700 years - Sri. M. Narayan Reddy Ex-Member of Parliment In order to appreciate the causes for ‘Telangana Struggle’ we must go back to the colonial history of Telangana after the end of Kakathiya Rule in 1323 AD. So in this paper, I propose to deal with ‘Colonization’ of Telangana for more than 600 years during which people of Telangana lived in miserable conditions under 5 Dynasties of ‘Muslim Rulers’ from 1324 to 1948 AD. In other words our ‘ancestors’ lived like second grade subjects for 624 years in their own land. 2. This Alien Rule began in 1324 A.D. with the defeat of Kakatiya King Prataprudhra-II, by Mohd. Tuglaq of Delhi Sultanate. As a consequence of this defeat it was the end of the Golden Rule of Kakatiya Dynasty which ruled Telangana for more than 300 years. These Rulers were born and brought up in Northern Telangana and who rose from the ranks of common people of Telangana. Kakathiya kings constructed Tanks, Wells and Canals to irrigate the lands of farmers and also constructed many temples in different areas of Telangana. There was peace and prosperity in Telangana under their rule.

Bin Tugulaq in Deccan revolted and established his own independent kingdom in Deccan under the name of ‘Bahamani Kingdom’ in 1347 AD. Significantly it was the first Muslim kingdom established in south India in those days which opened ‘flood gates’ for subsequent conquests by Muslim Rulers in entire South India. The 5 Dynasties which ruled Telangana for more than 600 years are shown in the Table-I below: 5 Dynasties of Muslim Rulers which ruled Telangana for more than 600 years No. Dynasty

Period

Years

Delhi Sultanate

1324 to 1347

23 years

Bahamani Dynasty 1347 to 1512

165 years

Qutubshahis

1512 to 1687

175 years

Moghuls

1687 to 1723

36 years

Asaf Jhahi Dynasty 1723 to 1948

225 years

2. In the above context it may be stated that ‘Bahamani kingdom’ had five provinces and these provinces included Golkonda Province and Telangana was a part of this province. After 165

After the fall of Kakathiya Kingdom in 1323 AD Telangana had come under the rule of Mohd. Bin Tugulaq of ‘Delhi Sultanate’ who attempted to Rule Telangana through his Subedars. In this context it is significant to note that PROLAYANAYAKA, a loyal general of Prataparudra-II, revolted and liberated Bhadrachalam region a part of Telangana and ruled the region with REKAPALLI (Khammam District) as the headquarters. Similarly the Recharla family of VELMAS became independent in Southern Telangana and ruled the region with Rachakonda (Nalgonda district) as the capital for a considerable period. These are the notable instances of revolt and resistance against Muslim Rule in those days. In later years Hassan Gangu Bahamani, a Subedar of Mohd. 3

years of Bahamani Rule there was a revolt by provincial governors due to which the Bahamani kingdom dissolved into five Deccan Kingdoms in 1512. And in this division Telangana had become a part of Golkonda Kingdom which was established by Sultan Quli Qutb shah in 1512 AD. Sultan Quli was the first king of the Golkonda Kingdom and thereafter it was ruled by Qutubshai kings for 155 years until 1687. It was Mohd. Quli Qutub Shah, the 5th king who built Hyderabad and Charminar in 1592 AD. So he was rightly called as the founder of Hyderabad city. In 1687 AD, Aurangzeb, the Mugul Emperor Annexed Telangana and made it a Moghul Province which lasted up to 1723 AD. 3. In 1724 Nizam-ul-Mulk Asaf Jha-I annexed Telangana by conquest and made it a part of Hyderabad state. Thereafter Asaf Jha Dynasty ruled Telangana for 224 long years from 1724 to 1948. It is thus seen that the total period of colonization of Telangana by Muslim Rulers was 624 years which is a world record. Never, never in the history any other country was colonized for so many years. 4(a). These Alien Rulers imposed Persian language as an official language in place of Telugu and they also promoted Persian literature, art and culture in place of native culture promoted by Kakathiya Rulers. Similar was the situation with regard to dress code and food habits which were adopted by elite of Telangana as status symbols. These Rulers never provided education in native language as they imposed Persian as the medium of instruction in Madrasas (schools) in towns where only Muslim population lived. They completely neglected the villages where the bulk of Hindu population lived. Due to this neglect and discrimination the local population remained uneducated and confined to agriculture for their living. Consequently they were deprived of Government employment and Military Service also. (b) In later years during Asaf Jahi period also Persian Language continued as official language until 1885 when Salar Jung-II, the then Prime Minister, introduced Urdu in 1885 in place of Persian. Since then Urdu became the official language as well as medium of instruction in Hyderabad State. Consequently local people were compelled to learn 4

Urdu in place of their native language Telugu. Thus Urdu continued as a medium of instruction up to the end of Asaf Jahi Rule in 1948. In dress code also Shervani and Pyjama became status symbols for the non-Muslim elite in the towns. Added to this in 1918 Osmania University was established with URDU as the medium of instruction at all levels up to postgraduation. This Urdu Medium Education up to University Level had proved a serious handicap to the graduates of Osmania University in later years.

Nizam College In 1887 AD Jagirdars of Hyderabad established Nizam College with English Medium to provide English Medium education to their children and other dependents for a bright future. This college was affiliated to Madras University up to 1948. This is another evidence to show that English Medium education was provided only to privileged classes. (c) There is another instance of COLONIZATION during the Rule of Nizam-VI in Hyderabad state when efforts were made to change the names of many districts and towns in Telangana as described below: 1. Karimnagar in place of ELAGANDAL 2. Nizamabad in place of INDURU 3. Mahaboobnagar in place of PALAMURU 4. Medak in place of METUKU 5. Mahaboobabad in place of MANUKOTA 6. Bhongir in place of BHUVANAGIRI 7. Adilabad replaced EDDULAPURAM 8. Huzurnagar in place of PONUCHERLA In the changed conditions it is just and necessary to restore the original names as a measure of decolonization. 5. Colonial & Communal Policies of the NizamVII In this context I mention below few more instances of intolerance and communal bias during the Rule of Nizam-VII.

(a) Ban on â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Vande Mataram Anthemâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; This is another instance of intolerance and op-

pression in 1939 when singing of ‘Vandemataram’ by Hindu students was prohibited in Osmania University hostels. And when students wanted to continue ‘Vande Mataram singing’ many of them were expelled and rusticated from the university. Among these students P.V. Narsimha Rao (future Prime Minister) was a prominent figure. All these students had to go to Nagpur to continue their studies. In this context it is pertinent to note that i Education Department imposed in all schools the recital of a poetic prayer in Urdu in PRAISE of Nizam-VII everyday in the morning before the commencement of classes.

(b)Communal Population Policy

(d)Influx of Muslim Refugees from North India During the PARTITION Days in 1947 there was an influx of Muslim Refugees in large numbers from North India. And they were provided with all kinds of incentives for their resettlement by the Government. This was another attempt to increase the ‘Muslim population’ in those days. Obviously this communal policy deprived Hindu community from getting their due share in Government jobs, educational institutions and other sectors like trade and industries.

(e) Meager representation to Hindus in Government Service

During the rule of Nizam-VII, communal population policy was followed to increase Muslim population on the one hand and decrease Hindu population on the other. This is evident from the fact that in 1931 census. Hindu population was above 84% while Muslim population was only 10%. But there was a dramatic change in 1941 when Hindu population had come down to 81.4% and Muslim population went up to 12.8%. This shows that decrease in Hindu population and increase in Muslim population was predominant in 1941 census. In this connection what is more amazing was that Harijans were registered separately in 1941 census to exclude them from Hindu community. As a consequence the Hindu population was shown at 63.5% in 1941. These figures show that systematic and consistent attempts were made by the Nizam to decrease the Hindu population.

As 1931 Census, the following figures show the number OF Hindus and Muslims in Army and Police and other services:

In 1911 to 1931 the number of literates per 1000 among Hindus and Muslims is shown below:

A deliberate and planned effort was made to encourage the import of North Indian Muslims by offering special salaries, facilities and concessions in the services, commerce and trade, educational institutions, the army and the police force. Under this policy 60 thousand North Indian Muslims migrated to the state. They came from U.P., Punjab and Rajasthan. Under this policy Nizam-VII wanted to create a privileged class of Muslims in the state. This policy was in violation of MULKI RULES enacted in 1919 AD by the Nizam himself.

Muslims

Hindus

Army & Police

54149

6495

Other Services

53588

16873

Total

107737

23368

It is a glaring disparity which shows that Muslims received favoured treatment in Government services. In this context it may be mentioned that the number of Muslims in the above services further increased between 1931 to 1947. This kind of discrimination was seen in other sectors also. (f) In the field of education the disparity and discrimination between Hindu and Muslim was too glaring as shown below:

Year

No. of literates per 1000 among Hindus

No. of literates per 1000 among Muslims

1911

23.0

59.0

1921

26.0

89.0

1931

33.3

103.5

(g) Ban on Congress Party

There was a glaring discrimination with regard to functioning of political parties. In this connection the Government allowed a Muslim organization by name ‘Ithehadul Musalmin’ which was founded in 1927 by Bahadur Yarjung. This organization was mainly meant for promoting the political rights of Muslim population and it was given all support by the Government. But the same Government put a BAN on Congress Party when it was organized and setup in 1937. The reason for BAN was shown that it was a communal organization. In this context I may mention that in those days in British India Congress Party was the main political party which launched ‘Freedom Struggle’ for achieving Independence from the British Rule. Such a party was branded as COMMUNAL in Hyderabad while ‘Ithehadul Musalmin’ a ‘communal party’ was allowed by the Nizam’s Government. This is another proof to show the communal policies of the Government favouring Muslims in all fields.

(h) Detention of political leaders After 25th August, 1947, a large number of political leaders and some other prominent persons like Dasarathi and Kaloji Narayan Rao famous Telugu POETS were also kept under detention in different jails of Hyderabad state to prevent agitations for Independence in Hyderabad state. These political prisoners remained in various jails for 13 months even after India attained Independence in August, 1947. They were released only in September, 1948 after Police Action under Military Rule. This shows that oppressive measures were taken by the Government under the rule of Nizam-VII to curb CIVIL LIBERTIES in Hyderabad.

6. Misrule in Hyderabad In later years ‘Razakars’, the armed wing of ‘Ithehad’ party committed many atrocities on Hindu population due to which thousands of people migrated to neighbouring states. After taking note of the MISRULE the Government of India issued a ‘White Paper on Hyderabad’ in July, 1948 which referred to the ‘misrule’ in the following terms: “The Government of India cannot afford to be helpless spectators of orgies of misrule in Hyderabad. If the law and order situation there, 6

which already shows signs of collapse, further deteriorates and thereby imperils peace and good order in India, the Government of India would unquestionably be involved”. In the context of misrule and atrocities committed by Razakars Sri. G. Ramachari, Minister in Hyderabad Government resigned in February, 1948. In his letter of resignation he described the law and order situation in the following words: “Forces of violence and goondaism were let loose. Arson, loot and murder formed the normal events of the day. Armed men rode round the country spilling death wherever they went. Village after village was burnt down; several villages were abandoned out of sheer fright. Even in the jail the hand of the goonda was at work”. The above observations clearly show the atrocities and misrule which led to the Police Action in September, 1948 which ended the ‘misrule’.

7. Police Action in 1948 India attained Independence in August, 1947 when the British Rulers left British India. At that time there were two parts of India known as (i) British India; and (ii) Indian states. (a) The number of Indian states was 565 and among these states Hyderabad was the largest state. It is strange but TRUE that the Rule of Nizam-VII continued in Hyderabad even after 15th August, 1947 as it was not a part of British India. In this situation the Nizam declared that Hyderabad will continue as an Independent State under his Rule. In the circumstances the Government of India decided to launch Police Action in September, 1948 to bring Hyderabad into Indian Union. After FIVE days of Police Action, the Armed Forces of Hyderabad surrendered to Indian Army on 17th September, 1948 and Hyderabad became a part of Indian Union on (b)18th September, 1948. And Maj. General J.N. Choudary was appointed as the Military Governor to administer Hyderabad State. And Nizam-VII was continued as the Head of Hyderabad State by the

Central Government and in this high office he continued up to 31st October, 1956 till the formation of Andhra Pradesh on 1-11-1956. (c) In the above circumstances Andhra Officers in Maras Government were brought to Hyderabad during and also after Police Action to assist the Government. And these officers continued in Hyderabad Government Service up to 1952. Added to this a large number of English knowing Andhras came to Hyderabad after 1948 seeking Government jobs. As a result several thousands of non-Mulki Andhras secured jobs on Bogus Mulki Certificates depriving Telangana people from getting jobs in their own state. This extraordinary situation led to protest movement in 1952 which was known as “Non-Mulki Agitation” and the slogans used in this agitation were ‘non-Mulkies go back and idli sambar go back’. This Agitation was started in July, 1952 by the school students in Warangal which later spread to other areas including Hyderabad. During this Agitation there was Police Firing on 3rd and 4th September, 1952 in Hyderabad in which 7 persons died. This was the FIRST Telangana Agitation launched by the students against Andhras.

8. Internal Colonization (a) The Military Rule ended in December, 1949 and M.K. Vellodi, I.C.S., was appointed as the Chief Minister by the Nizam-VII who continued as the Head of the state. It is thus seen that the Military Rule as well as the Rule of Chief Minister, M.K. Vellodi represented the Rule of Central Government over Hyderabad State. The rule of Chief Minister M.K. Vellodi continued until general elections in 1952. In other words the Central Government Rule continued for more than 4 years which can be termed as Internal Colonization as the Congress Government at the centre totally ignored the wishes of the people of Hyderabad. (b)In 1952 popular Government was formed in Hyderabad with Burgula Ramakrishna Rao as the Chief Minister. His ministry also was appointed by Nizam- VII, who was the Raj Pramukh. In this connection it is important to note that Central Government appointed M.K. Vellodi, the former

Chief Minister, as the Chief Advisor to the Chief Minister, Sri. B. Ramakrishna Rao. This arrangement continued up to the end of October, 1956. In other words the new Advisor had a predominant role in the functioning of the Ramakrishna Rao ministry. So the Internal Colonization by the Congress Government in Delhi continued for 8 years from September, 1948 to October, 1956. And this was a great misfortune of people of Hyderabad. (c) In the above context I may mention that NizamVII continued as the Head of the state until 26th January, 1950 when the constitution of India came into force. Under the constitution, Hyderabad state became a ‘BState’ with a Raj Pramukh as the Head of the state. In the changed circumstances the NizamVII was again appointed by the Central Government as Raj Pramukh of the state. As Raj Pramukh he performed the same functions like a Governor of any ‘A-State’ under the constitution. In this position he continued until 31st October, 1956 when Hyderabad was dissolved into 3 parts and Telangana was merged with Andhra state and the new state was named Andhra Pradesh which came into being on 1st November, 1956. It is strange but TRUE that once again the Nizam-VII was offered the high office of Governor of Andhra Pradesh by the Central Government but the Nizam had politely declined the offer. It is indeed a mystery that a person of his autocratic background had been imposed by the Congress Government at the centre as the Head of the Hyderabad State for 8 long years. This is another form of Internal Colonization.

9 . Andhra Province in 1953 (a) It is well known that Andhra people were in Madras Province during British Rule for 200 years. After Independence in 1947, Tamils ruled the province. In this situation Andhras felt unhappy as TAMILS were in majority and they dominated in all fields. In total population Tamils were 64% and Andhras were 36%. For this reason Andhras demanded Andhra Province by bifurcation of Madras Province. Accepting their demand the Central Government formed Andhra Province in 1953 with KURNOOL town as the capital. The 7

reasons for demanding for a separate state were vividly described by Sri. A. Kaleshwar Rao, an eminent Andhra leader and the ‘First Speaker of Andhra Pradesh’ in his autobiography, p-17, in the following lines: “Tamils have greater influence, in the Madras Legislature, in the Government and in the High Court. In the Government of Madras run by the TAMILS, the individuality and self-respect of Andhras has decreased. That is a Tamilian State and not of Andhras. Under the Madras Government, the Tamils are enjoying all the benefits whereas Andhras are backward in respect of employment, education and economic development. Industries and power supply in ANDHRA area”. (b) But Andhras had ‘not learnt any lessons’ from the injustices done to them by Tamils as they had done much worse to Telangana people after formation of Andhra Pradesh in 1956. (c) After coming to Kurnool in October, 1953, Andhras felt much disappointed as Kurnool was not a suitable town for a capital where all the offices were located in large tents for want of buildings. Likewise the new state had meager finances with a deficit in budget. The annual budget showed receipts at Rs.17 crores with a deficit of Rs.5 crores. As a result there was no scope for the construction of a new capital or for taking up other development activities. Realizing their plight in the new state they started the SLOGAN of VISHALANDHRA with Hyderabad as the capital. For this purpose they started agitation from 1955 demanding Vishalandhra, but it was vehemently opposed by Telangana leaders. But with the support of Congress leaders in Delhi they succeeded in splitting Hyderabad State in 1956 into 3 parts and getting Telangana merged into Andhra Province to form Andhra Pradesh. This could not have happened without the unjust support of Congress leaders in Delhi.

(d)In this context it is important to note that Telangana was a majority region in Hyderabad State became a minority region overnight in the new state of Andhra Pradesh. The population ratio of both regions as on 1-11-1956 was as under: 1. Andhras

66%

2. Telangana

34%

With their large majority the Andhras assumed the same dominant role as TAMILS had done in Madras Province. And later years proved that Andhras using their brute majority had done much more injustices to Telangana people than what was done to them by Tamils in Madras Province before 1953.

10. Formation of Andhra Pradesh Formation of Andhra Pradesh on 1st November, 1956 is the final phase of Internal Colonization of Telangana. In this case Andhra State with a majority population (64%) was merged with Telangana which had a minority population (36%). The consequence of a merger of two unequal states with diverse historical background is too obvious to need any elaboration here. Moreover the injustices done by Andhra Rulers to Telangana people during last 60 years were far more serious than what Tamils had done to Andhras. But the Congress leaders in Delhi had not come to the rescue of the exploited people of Telangana. At the state level the Andhra Congress Rulers dominated in all fields. Similar was the situation when TDP came into power and ruled the state for more than 15 years. So the ‘subjugation’ of Telangana was unabated until the bifurcation of the state in June, 2014. Date: 15-4-2017. (M. Narayan Reddy, Ex-M.P.,) Email: panditnr@gmail.com Mobile: 7702941017

Swamy Ramananda Tirtha Rural Institute - Dr. D. Hanmanth Rao Jalalpur, Bhoodan Pochampally, Yadadri-Bhuvanagiri Dist. – 508284. Telangana State Swamy Ramananda Tirtha Rural Institute (SRTRI) is an institution working under the aegis of Panchayat Raj & Rural Development Department, Government of Telangana. It was set by the erstwhile Government of Andhra Pradesh in 1995 and was inaugurated by the former Prime Minister of India Late Sri P.V.Narasimha Rao for proactive rural development initiatives in the state based on the ideology envisaged in the National Policy on Education (NPE) 1986 to take up the challenges of micro-planning and rural entrepreneurship. SRTRI strongly believes on the holistic development of human resources as a permanent solution for rural poverty eradication. This approach assumes the tasks of empowering the poor in several interrelated aspects human development viz. technical skills, interpersonal skills, entrepreneurial skills, soft skills, values and ethics, awareness on better health and social perils, etc. The core mission of the Institute rests upon the concept of building the capacities of the rural poor, especially youth and women for enhancement of their living standards and quality of life. Knowledge and skills are widely considered to be the key driving forces for economic prosperity and human development of any nation. By 2020, India is expected to have the world’s largest population of working people and the average Indian will be 29 years old, the youngest among the world. This demographic dividend is often cited as the major reason for India becoming economic super power. However, to reap this demographic dividend, India needs to create a lot of jobs and also ensure that the youth joining the workforce are employable. Unfortunately, only 10 percent of the youth joining the workforce have some employable skill. In comparison, 96 per cent of the similar job aspirants in South Korea, 80 per cent in Japan and 75 per cent in Germany are trained and found to have readily employable skills. As per a recent study by EY report, 93 per cent of MBAs, 80 per cent of engineering

graduates, 83 per cent of hotel management graduates and 97 per cent of account graduates in India are not readily employable. Thus, the need of the hour is not just education, rather the skill, which is industry compatible and readily employable. Government of India embarked upon this task of imparting needed skills among the youth with a prestigious project “Skill India Mission”, establishing a separate Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship” with National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC) and National Skill Development Agency (NSDA) as its core wings. Further, the Ministry setting up Sector Skill Councils (SSCs) for each and every industry verticals to develop National Occupational Standards (NOS) to formulate the curriculum and deliverables for several job roles, as aligned to National Skills Qualification Framework (NSQF). Till today, 46 SSCs have come into existence and till March 2017 1913 Qualification Packs (QPs) were formulated across 38 sectors. QP refers to a set of NOS for a particular job role. The union government set out an huge outlay of Rs. 3,016 crore for skill development for the financial year 2017-18.

Skill Development Initiatives At Srtri National Policy for Skill Development and Entrepreneurship set out a target of skilling 400 million youth for different jobs by 2022. SRTRI is actively engaged in this gigantic task of skilling the youth, offering several short-duration skill training courses in sectors like apparel, automotives, construction, electrical, electronics, IT& ITES, renewable energy, etc. All these courses are aligned to National Skills Qualification Framework (NSQF) as formulated by either NCVT or Sector Skill Councils, across a sprawling 100 acres with state of the infrastructure, the Institute is engaged in provision of market friendly, employment oriented, short term skill development training programs to the unemployed rural youth in the state with special focus on vulnerable sections of the society. 9

Apart from domain modules (technical skills), non-domain modules like soft skills, communication skills, and digital literacy are in-built in every training program. Other training value chain components like assessment, certification, placement or enterprise promotion, post training tracking, etc. follow the skill training activities.

Courses Offered During 2017-18 S.No. Course Code

Course Name

Duration

Min. Qualification

AMH/Q1947

Self Employed Tailor

3 months

SSC

AMH/Q1210

Assistant Fashion Designer

3 months

SSC+AMH/Q1947

GAR 510

Zardosi Work

3 months

SSC

GAR 513

Ornamentalist â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Hand Work Specialist Combination of different skills

3 months

SSC

GAR 502

Zig-Zag Machine Embroidery

3 months

SSC

FAD 708

Accessories Designer

3 months

SSC

CSC/Q0115

CNC Operator â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Turning

2 months

SSC/ITI

AUR 701

Basic Automotive Servicing 2&3 wheeler

3 months & 2 weeks

SSC Pass

ELE 701

Electrician Domestic

4 months

SSC Pass

10.

ELC 703

Repair and Maintenance of Personal Electronic Devices

3 months & 2 weeks

SSC Pass

Solar Electric System Installer & Service Provider 3 months & 2 weeks

Inter/ITI

11.

RNE 701

12.

ICT 701

Accounts Assistant using Tally 3 months & 2 weeks

B.Com. Pass

13.

ICT 702

DTP and Print Publishing Assistant

3 months & 2 weeks

Inter Pass

14.

ICT 703

Computer Hardware Assistant 3 months & 2 weeks

Inter Pass

15.

AMH/Q0301

Sewing Machine Operator

SSC Pass

3 months

Salient Features

Latest technology and modern equipment.

NSQF aligned courses as per NCVT/SSC standards.

Assessed and certified by NCVT/SSC or SRTRI.

Course duration between 576 to 832 hours.

Exposure visits, guest lectures, etc.

Domain/technical training as per the standards.

Assured placement after the training.

Non-domain training such as communication skills, etiquette, soft skills, etc.

Guidance for self-employment.

Continuous monitoring and career guidance for 1 year minimum.

Industry collaboration and industry oriented training.

Admission Criteria Applications are received round the year from the eligible interested candidates. The Institute follows reservation criteria as per the norms and suitable candidates are selected through a screening test. Candidates, those who are still pursuing their education or not interested to take up either wage/ self employment, are strictly not allowed.

Residential Status The Institute has two hostels exclusively for boys and one for girls. About 350 candidates can be provided hostel facility at a given point of time. The candidates covered under sponsored schemes like DDU-GKY can avail free boarding and lodging. For other, it is available at cost.

Extension Training Programs Some of the programs of the Institute are offered through extension mode by way of setting up extension training centers across the state. Presently, the Institute has 45 such extension training programs on going in the state. The local youth and women can undergo training in locally sustainable trades in these centers for taking up either wage or self-employment. In partnership with a local NGO or government body, the Institute sets up an extension training center in the villages or Mandal head-quarter and trains the local people, free of cost.

Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Greeman Kaushalya Yojana (DDU-GKY) The Institute is one of the Project Implementing Agencies (PIAs) to the Government of India’s flagship program DDU-GKY in the state of Telangana. Currently, the Institute is offering 8 courses under the scheme. All these programs are placement-linked, short-duration, ranging between 576 to 832 hours, and residential courses offered free of charge to the youth aged between 18 to 35 years. The programs are monitored by EGMM (T)/ NIRD&PR and assessed & certified by either NCVT/ SSC.

Industry Collaborations: The Institute is quite successful in forging strong collaborations with leading industries in India

across the skill development value chain such as curriculum, training, assessment, certification, and placement including career progression. The primary reason for failing at producing industry ready skilled manpower is lack of industry coordination and participation in skill spectrum. Lack of adequate infrastructure, tools and equipment as per the industry standards, curriculum and pedagogy as expected by the Industry, training as per the industry standards, assessment by industry, etc. are the fundamental drawbacks for not producing industry-ready skilled manpower.

SRTRI-TVS Community College:

The Institute has collaborated with TVS Motor Company Ltd. very recently. In this collaboration, the TVS Motor Company Ltd. has set up their Product Training Center (known as Community College) at SRTRI to provide training in two areas viz. 1) 2 Wheeler-Service & Maintenance and 2) 2 Wheeler-Sales verticals, which include 3 months at SRTRI and nine months OJT with dealers of TVS in the state. TVS Motor Company provided 5 Nos. of vehicles, engines, equipment, training content, and overall guidance. Further, the candidates are sponsored by TVS dealers and thus the program is designed on the line of self sustained model. The Institute’s trainer was provided two rounds of TOT at its company, Hosur and training content is shared with the Institute. The Institute successfully completed the first batch of service training program with 23 candidates and 19 of them were already placed with the TVS Dealers across the state. The assessment was done by TVS officials and the candidates are certified by the company.

SRTRI-MMT CNC Tech Center:

Micromatic Machine Tools Pvt. Ltd., Bangalore, a member of ACE Micromatic Group Companies, is the largest machine tool manufacturer in India. Every year it rolls out about 4000 CNC machines and job vacancies for CNR operators is around 12000 per annum. The Institute collaborated with MMT to provide training (6 weeks) in “CNC Operator-Turner” to the candidates with SSC qualification and assure placement across India with a minimum initial salary of Rs. 7000/-. In this regard, 11

the company provided the Institute CNC Lathe Machine â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Jobber, for training and deputed a trainer for one year to train the candidate and also the in house trainer. The Institute successfully completed the first batch of training with 22 candidates and 14 of them were already placed with CNC machine operating companies. The candidates are assessed and certified by the company itself.

156 candidates drawn from Nalgonda district of the state during the year 2015-16.

In collaboration with National Council of Rural Institutes (NCRI), Ministry of HRD, Government of India, this Institute is conducting self-employment oriented skill training programs to about candidates in the state of Telangana. For the financial year 2015-16, 257 candidates were trained under this collaborative program and many of them promoted their micro enterprises in rural places.

This institute has been recognized as National Level Trainer (NLT) by the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, Government of India to conduct technical training programs in solar photovoltaic and solar thermal technologies.

SRTRI-Schneider Electric Training Center: The Institute collaborated with Schneider Electric India Foundation to impart training to the youth in electrical domain. The company shared their proprietary tools and equipment with the Institute and the training content. The trainer of the Institute was also trained by the company at its Bangalore factory. Importantly, the Institute is running an exclusive training program for girls with school final qualification to train and place them all with the Hyderabad factory with a minimum salary of Rs. 9000/- per month. Similarly, the Institute is in the process of getting collaboration with some more leading industries such as TATA Motors, Micromax, Samsung India, etc. This kind of collaborative initiatives are ensuring the Institute to provide industry ready skill sets as expected by the Industry, in the close monitoring of Industry experts and assessed as per their standards.

Other collaborations:

This Institute is a Partner Institute to National Institute for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises, Hyderabad for running ESDPs since 2009. For the year 2015-16 the Institute trained 300 candidates across 12 ESDPs and placement process is in progress. Some of these ESDPs, were conducted in the Extension Training Centers of the Institute. In collaboration with Telangana State Society for Training and Employment Promotion (TSSTEP), Department of Youth Services, Government of Telangana, the Institute provided skill training and placement/self employment to

During the financial year 2016-17, the Institute trained 4600 candidates, including campus and extension centers. Since, inception i.e. 1999, more than 1.65 lakh rural youth and women were technically and entrepreneurially empowered.

Successes: Quite high percentage of the trained candidates is found to be either self-employed or wage-employed. The focus of the campus training programs is on wage-employment. Soon after the training, the candidates are connected with the industry through campus placements. In fact, as per the norms of DDU-GKY scheme, minimum 70 per cent of the trained candidates have to be placed with the Industry. Over a period of several years, we have built up a strong database of companies/firms and recruitment agencies for placement. Often, we find employment opportunities more than what number of candidates we train in a cycle. The initial salary ranges between Rs. 6000 to Rs. 14000 per month depending on the course and firm concerned. On the other hand, the focus of the extension training programs is on self-employment. The candidates trained in these extension training centers shall be encouraged and assisted to promote their own micro enterprises in the villages concerned. More than two thirds of the extension candidates are found leading sustainable living through the micro enterprises they promoted.

Please follow us on facebook @srtri telangana or srtri1 for updates and photographs Some of the Companies Where the Placement is Provided and Still Available. M/s Honda Motors Authorised Dealers M/s ACT Fibre Technologies Pvt. Ltd. M/s Adecco India Pvt. Ltd. M/s Aditya Birla Retail Ltd. M/s Andromeda Energy Technologies Pvt Ltd. M/s Ashoka Institute of Engineering and Technology M/s Big C Mobiles (P) Ltd. M/s Millenium Appliances India Ltd. (Videocon) M/s Karvy Consultancy Services M/s G Sridhar Electricals. M/s Green Honda Kapil Motors Pvt. Ltd. M/s Hameeda Systems M/s Harini Laundary Equipments M/s Hathway Broadband M/s Idea Showrooms M/s Lakshman Electrical Works M/s Lot Mobiles Pvt. Ltd. M/s Maruthi Suzuki Service Stations

M/s Medha Servo Drives Pvt Ltd. M/s Navata Road Transport M/s NSL Textile Ltd. M/s Phoenix Motors (M/C Div) M/s Ramcor Marketing (P) Ltd. M/s Renewsys India Pvt. Ltd. M/s Bhagavathi Products Ltd. (Micromax Mobiles) M/s Sahi Exports Pvt. Ltd. M/s Bajaj Auto Dealers M/s Vespa Motors Dealers M/s Solar Shoppe M/s SRD Systems M/s Sreenivasa Communications M/s SS Power Solutions M/s St. Peter Engineering College M/s Surya Laxmi Cotton Mills ltd M/s Tata Motors Dealer Outlets M/s Usha Kiran Movies Ltd. M/s V Prompt E-Services M/s V Retail (P) Ltd. (Centro) M/s Vulcan Energy Systems M/s YOU Broadband

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Telangana State Restructuring Districts â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Improving Governance - Gautam Pingle Center for Telangana Studies (CTS) The most dramatic event in 2016-2017 was the restructuring of internal administration of the State by creation of additional districts. The existing nine districts [excluding Hyderabad district] were divided into 30 districts. The objective of this revolutionary step was to bring government and governance physically closer to the people and to make the districts into viable and efficient developmental and service providing units. Considerable effort will have to be made in the coming years to ensure that the new districts meet the expectations of the people. To this end, the Government will provide additional manpower, training and hand holding for identifying, planning and implementing the new programs as well as continued provision of usual services. A District Development Card will be prepared for each district to help the officials and the Ministers and elected officials to be aware of the amount earmarked for each district and also the budgetary allocation made for each department.

Historical Context The Kingdom of Golconda extended further towards the coast and into the Carnatic as well as Telangana. The Telangana region was, however, divided in 1689 into a total of 5216 villages distributed over 13 sarkars and 150 parganas as follows: No.

Sarkar

No. of Parganas

Mahummadnagar

Medak

Kaulas

Melangur

Elgandal

Warangal

Khammammet

Dewarkonda

Pangal

Bhongir

Akarkara

Kovilkonda

Ghanapura

Pargana Average

11.5

This structure was basically to ensure collection of tax revenue and to maintain an alien rule over a subject population. Most of the administrative and financial structure was based on a tax farming system which ensured loyalty and tax remittances to the Sultan. Under the Nizams, the main radical change came with the reforms initiated by Sir Salar Jung in the 1860s. The district structure was established in the 1860s which lasted till 1948. After the reforms of the Sir Salar Jung, the task of district governance was enhanced to bring in rationality in the â&#x20AC;&#x153;settlementâ&#x20AC;? of land taxes, maintenance of law and order and provision of civil and criminal justice. In times of distress due to famine, drought or other natural disasters the district administration was expected to provide sustenance, employment and public health in order to cope with the problem. While the tax farming was abolished, much of the decentralized feudal structures remained subject to central supervision, control and check by the Government at Hyderabad. Development activity was largely undertaken for provision of irrigation, main roads, hospitals and schools. 21

In 1901, the position was as below: No. District

Area Sq.kms

Atraf-i-balda (Hyderabad )

Indur (Nizamabad)

Medak (Gushanabad)

Taluks Towns Villages Population Sq Km Population (excl. lakhs per per jagirs) 1901 Village Sq Km

8,803

847

8.69

12,489

1152

6.34

5,193

631

3.66

Mahbubnagar

16,946

1353

7.05

Nalgonda

10,730

972

Warangal

25,197

1488

9.52

Elgandal (Karimnagar)

18,655

1516

10.35

Sirpur-Tandur (Adilabad)

13,025

983

2.73

Excluding Hyderabad

14605

1156

6.66

Including Hyderabad

13880

1118

6.92

District Averages:

In the erstwhile State of Andhra Pradesh, the Telangana region was divided into districts and mandals as under: No. District

Hyderabad

Adilabad

Area in No. of Towns Sq Km Mandals

Villages

Population in Lakhs 2011

Sq Km Population per per Village Sq Km

217

16,105

1725

27.41

170

Nizamabad

7,956

912

25.52

321

Karimnagar

11,823

1079

37.76

319

Medak

9,699

1231

30.32

313

Rangareddy

7,493

870

52.96

707

Mahboobnagar

18,432

1537

40.53

220

Nalgonda

14,240

1135

34.88

245

Warangal

12,846

1049

35.12

273

13,266

1233

26.07

197

Excluding Hyderabad 12,429

1,197

34.5

307

Including Hyderabad

46.4

15.8

1077

35.0

2093

10. Khammam

39.43

18171

District Averages:

11208

As can be seen the population increase ensured that the size of each district population expanded drastically since 1901-2011 from an average [excluding Hyderabad] of about 7 lakhs to 35 lakhs. Clearly the pressure on district administration was immense especially if it was to carry out people-oriented development and provision of social services. After Independence and under the democratic dispensation, development activity was accelerated to cover a wide range including irrigation, electrification, road building schools and health clinics etc both initiated by the Government of India as well as the Government of the erstwhile State of Andhra Pradesh. However, under the control of Andhra rulers much of the departmental budgets allocated to Telangana districts were not spent day there but were re-allocated to the Andhra districts. This resulted in the slow and poor development of Telangana districts in comparison with that of the Andhra districts. As indicated in the Economic Survey 2015-2016 revenues collected in Telangana always exceeded those collected in Andhra and the drain of resources continued along with the mal-allocation of development expenditure.

Restructuring Telangana After careful consideration, detailed study and extensive consultation, the Government undertook a radical reorganization and restructuring of districts from the earlier 10 to 31. Hyderabad district was not divided as the matter will have to be dealt with in the context of Hyderabad as the fifth largest metropolitan city in the country. The problems of Hyderabad district are more of urban nature and the solutions to them will have to be radically different than encountered by the other 30 largely rural districts. Ranga Reddy District was detached from Hyderabad district in 1978, but it now the overspill area of the capital city of Hyderabad. The population densities given below illustrate the problem of treating Ranga Reddy as a rural district when in reality it is a peri-urban zone transitioning to an urban zone. These two districts together constitute the greater metropolitan area of Hyderabad. Census Year

District Population per Sq. Km. Hyd+RR Hyd RR

1961

266

1971

362

1981

498

10418

211

1991

739

14499

340

2001

960

17649

477

2011

1199

18172

707

The current position after restructuring is as follows: No. Name

Hyderabad

Area in Mandals Towns Villages Population Sq Km Population Sq Km in Lakhs per per 2011 Village Sq Km 217

39.43

18171

Adilabad

4,153

508

7.09

171

Bhadradri Kothagudem

7,483

377

10.69

143

Jagtial

2,419

287

9.85

407

Jangaon

2,188

191

5.66

259 23

No. Name

Area in Mandals Towns Villages Population Sq Km Population Sq Km in Lakhs per per 2011 Village Sq Km

Jayashankar

6,175

559

7.11

115

Jogulamba Gadwal

2,928

199

6.10

208

Kamareddy

3,652

478

9.73

266

Karimnagar

2,128

210

10.06

473

Khammam

4,361

379

14.02

321

Kumuram Bheem

4,878

431

5.16

106

Mahabubabad

2,877

285

7.75

269

Mahabubnagar

5,285

545

14.87

281

Mancherial

4,016

382

8.07

201

Medak

2,786

381

7.67

275

Medchal

1,084

163

24.40

2251

Nagarkurnool

6,924

349

8.62

124

Nalgonda

7,122

565

16.18

227

Nirmal

3,845

420

7.09

185

Nizamabad

4,288

443

15.71

9.7

366

Peddapalli

2,236

215

7.95

10.4

356

Rajanna Sircilla

2,019

171

5.52

11.8

273

Ranga Reddy

5,031

604

24.46

8.3

486

Sangareddy

4,403

601

15.28

7.3

347

Siddipet

3,632

397

10.12

9.1

279

Suryapet

3,607

279

11.00

12.9

305

Vikarabad

3,386

501

9.27

6.8

274

Wanaparthy

2,152

223

5.78

9.7

268

Warangal Rural

2,175

225

7.19

9.7

330

Warangal Urban

1,309

124

10.81

10.6

826

Yadadri Bhuvangiri

3,092

300

7.39

10.3

239

Excluding Hyderabad

3,721

360

10.4

10.6

354

Including Hyderabad

3,608

350

11.3

10.3

929

District Averages:

By comparing the situation before and after restructuring, it will be seen that the population and average area per district has fallen and is now in manageable limits. The district average population [excluding Hyderabad] has been reduced from 35 lakhs to 11 lakhs. The average extent covered by the district [again, excluding Hyderabad] has also been reduced from 12,429 square kilometers to 3,721 square kilometers. The GDDP and per capita income of each district is given below as calculated by the Planning Department and published in the Economic Survey 2017. It can be seen that four districts â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Hyderabad, 24

Rangareddy, Medchal-Malkagiri and Sangareddy – account for 52% of the total DDP (GSDP) as well as ranking as the highest per capita incomes which are way above the State average. Three of these districts are basically part of the metropolitan city’s engine of growth. The rest of the districts are divided between those in the range of Rs 20000-10000 and Rs 10000 to 5000 for DDP and for per capita income between two groups –one with Rs 120,000 to Rs 100000 and those below Rs. 100,000. Much therefore need to be done for these 27 districts if we are not to face the same sort of regional inequality and deprivation as Telangana faced in erstwhile Andhra Pradesh. Government hopes and expects that the restructuring of rural districts will: [1] Bring governance physically closer to the people and enable the people to approach the district authorities more easily than before, [2] Ensure that the district administration is not overburdened by the large areas and extensive population whose development and welfare it has been in entrusted with, [3] Identification, planning, execution and monitoring of plans and programs will become easier and take a shorter time to carry out, [4] Ensure that development and welfare

programs are evenly spread between the districts and ensure that no political bias affects this process, and [5] Assist local government elected officials to be much more focused attention on their own areas. Government is aware of the problems of manning the new district administrations. Even with earlier structure, posts have been left vacant as recruitment in the Telangana area has been stepmotherly and further served as an excuse to transfer of Andhra residents in violation of the Presidential Order 1975. Current situation is being monitored and steps have been taken to undertake rationalization of posts and ensure recruitment taking into account qualifications, capacity and loyalty to the land and people. With this in mind all recruitment to government employment is being conducted by the Telangana Public Service Commission. However, the new districts will be under some strain and it is the Government’s desire to ensure that the district administrations will be assisted not only with funding but also by recruitment in critical positions and hand holding during the development process from the very beginning to evaluation of results. The restructuring of districts is a fundamental step in bringing governance closer to the people and to ensure higher level of efficiency, honesty and accountability at the district level

Source: Economic Survey 2017

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Mana TV â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Educating, Empowering and Enlightening the people of Telangana - Shailesh Reddy, Satellite communications plays a crucial role in the development of the community. Its application to broadcast industry has opened up huge opportunities in the field of distance learning. Very few states leveraged the advantages of broadcasting in the field of education. The year 2000 saw the proactive government venturing into using space technology in the field of education. The Government of Andhra Pradesh, in the year 2000 launched four satellite channels to be distributed to community viewing locations. The satellite communications network of Andhra Pradesh, however, did not evolve with the times. The focus of the government too has changed with the change in governments and Chief Ministers. The growth and spread of distribution network of satellite channels was grossly neglected. The changing trends in content production has been ignored. The transmission of the channels was limited to few thousands Receive only Terminals (ROTs) installed at select educational and administrative institutions. The ministry of Space, Government of India, as part of the EduCom project has provided the satellite bandwidth free of cost. The neglect was so pathetic that the Govt of Andhra Pradesh failed to renew the Memorandum of Understanding entered with the The Indian Space Research Organisation since 2009. Distance learning is a tool that takes quality learning to the door steps of those who are deprived of it. It negates the tyranny of distance and helps the population in the remote corners of the geographies catch up with the new ways of learning. Government of Telangana has taken up the application of satellite technology in distance learning as a challenge. The system that has gathered dust in Andhra Pradesh has been rejuvenated. The new distribution strategy of the Team Information Technology at Department of ITE&C, guided by Shri KT Rama Rao helped the distance learning satellite

CEO, Mana TV

channels Mana TV 1 Telangana and Mana TV 2 Telangana reach each and every television home of Telangana State connected through cable. The two channels now reach over 6 million households. Thus becoming a powerful tool for the government departments to reach its target groups with latest information and training modules. Reach is of no use if the content delivered does not attract the viewers. The team at Mana TV Telangana adopted innovative content strategy. The educated and unemployed of Telangana were at cross roads post the formation of Telangana state. Tackling unemployment was a humongous task. The youth of Telangana are not equipped to take the competitive exams. Attending coaching classes was not within the reach (logistically and monetarily) of many youth, particularly those from the rural Telangana and the sections of backward communities. The Society for Telangana State Network (SoFTNET), that runs two satellite channels stepped in to bridge the gap. The rural and the economically weaker sections has been extended a helping hand by Mana TV. The unemployed appearing for the Telangana State Public Service commission (TSPSC) exams have been provided coaching classes by the best of the faculty available in the field of training for competitive exams. Thousands of the aspirants have been benefitted by the classes. The students, without spending any money, at the comfort of their home watched the coaching classes and appeared the exams with confidence. (See Testimonials) The Government realized the need to train the Telangana students to take a loins share in the premier Engineering, Technology and Medical colleges in the country. The target was to help the rural students take IIT and NEET exams with confidence. Mana TV in association with IIT Guru Shri Chukka Ramaiah provided coaching classes to those appearing for the entrance tests to IITs and medical colleges across the country. The best of the faculty 33

that teaches only the crème de la crème in the private colleges were pooled by Mana TV and coaching classes provided. The school education in Telangana has been grossly neglected in terms of the application of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) in Education. While the entire developing world is adopting technology in teaching the school children the schools of Telangana continue to follow the ‘chalk and board’ method. The School Education Department of the Govt of Telangana started using the Mana TV platform to reach its students with new methods of teaching and learning aids. Now, the best teacher working in a remote school in Adilabad is now teaching the students down south in Mahabubnagar. Mana TV extended its content platform to the social media too. The widespread use of social media

is tapped to reach the target groups using smart phones. All the classes and education content produced by Mana TV is now available on the move. The social media metrics available prove that the Telangana youth certainly need a hand holding mechanism like Mana TV to help them take up challenges. In just 9 months the YouTube channel of Mana TV has 10 million views with over 60 million minutes of content watched by a subscriber base of 45,000. Telangana is the first state in the country to use satellite and communications coupled with Information and Communications Technology in the field of distance learning with innovative content. Telangana is the first state in the country to help its unemployed with coaching for competitive examinations. Telangana is the first state in the country to help its students prepare for IIT, NEET and Eamcet exams.

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Veterinary Assistant Surgeon,

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6 >∑T+≥\T 7 >∑T+≥\T 5 >∑T+≥\T

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yÓTT<ä{Ï Äe⁄ ø=qT>√\T (áq{≤ìøÏ <ä>∑Zs¡˝À ñ qï≥Te+{Ï~) ø=Hê*. ‘·sê«‘· 6 HÓ\\≈£î s¬ +&Ée Äe⁄ 6. ø=qT>√\T (yÓTT‘·+Ô s¬ +&ÉT Äe⁄\T) #˚j÷· *.

M{ÏøÏ ÄVü‰s¡+>± s√E≈£î ˇø£ÿ+{ÏøÏ 20`25 øÏ˝À\ (APBN-1/CO-IV) |üXó¯ Á>±kÕìï Çyê«*. |üXó¯ Á>±dü+‘√ bÕ≥T Kì» \eD $TÁX¯e÷ìï s√E≈£î 70 Á>±eTT\T 7. Á|ü‹ Äe⁄≈£î Çyê«*.

áìq 3 HÓ\\ ˝À|ü⁄ Äe⁄qT ø£èÁ‹eT >∑s√“¤‘Œ· ‹Ô <ë«sê >∑s“¡ <¤ ëÛ s¡D »]π>≥≥T¢ #·÷düTø√yê*.

Äe⁄\qT ñ+#·{≤ìøÏ 600 #·<sä |¡ ⁄ü n&ÉT>∑T\ $d”sÔ +í¡ ˝À ‘ê‘êÿ*ø£ bÕø£qT ì]à+#·Tø√yê*. >∑s¡“¤<Ûës¡D <ë«sê |ü⁄{Ïºq Ä&É<ä÷&É\qT ô|+∫ ô|<ä› #˚dTü ≈£îì, m≈£îÿe ej·TdüT>∑\ bÕ‘· Äe⁄\qT M{Ï‘√ |üP]+#·Tø√yê*. eT>∑ <ä÷&É\qT ô|+∫ ô|<ä› #˚dæ e´ekÕj·÷ìøÏ ñ|üj·TTø£Ô+>± ‘·j·÷s¡T #˚düTø√yê*. nedüs+¡ ø£+fÒ n~Ûø+£ >± ñqïyê{Ïì neTà&É+ #˚j÷· *. 5 ©≥s¡¢ ˝À|ü⁄ bÕ\T Ç#˚Ã≥Te+{Ï |üXó¯ e⁄\≈£î m˝≤+{Ï düMTø£è‘· <ëD≤ Çe«e\dæq nedüs+¡ ˝Ò<Tä . ø±ì APBN1/CO-IV |üXó¯ Á>±dü+‘√ bÕ≥T s√E≈£î 2 øÏ˝À\ \TdüsïY / ãØ‡yéT / n\dü+<ä ˝≤+{Ï ø±j·T C≤‹ |üXó¯ Á>±kÕìï Äe⁄ ˇø£ÿ+{ÏøÏ Çyê«*.

Áø£eT+ ‘·|Œü ≈£î+&Ü |üXó¯ yÓ<’ Tä ´ì dü÷#·q\ y˚Ts¡≈î£ q≥º\ ìyês¡D eT]j·TT ìs√<Ûøä £ {°ø±\T Ç|æŒ+#ê*.

dü+ø£sC¡ ≤‹ ˝Ò<ë <˚Xy¯ ê[ Äe⁄\ (2) |ô +|üø±ìøÏ nj˚T´ |ô ≥Tºã&ç:

FMD, HS, BQ

n) 600 #·<sä |¡ ⁄ü n&ÉT>∑T\ ‘ê‘êÿ*ø£ bÕø£≈î£ ` Ä) áq{≤ìøÏ <ä>sZ∑ ˝¡ À ñqï 2 Äe⁄\ KØ<äT ` (dü>≥ ∑ Tq s√E≈£î 5 ©≥s¡¢ ~>∑Tã&ç Çe«>∑\$) Ç) Kì» \eD≤\ Ks¡TÃ (dü+e‘·‡sêìøÏ) ` á) n‘·´edüs¡ eT+<äT\ Ks¡TÃ (dü+e‘·‡sêìøÏ) ` yÓTT‘·+Ô ô|≥Tºã&ç 10. dü+ø£sC¡ ≤‹ ˝Ò<ë <˚Xy¯ ê[ Äe⁄\ (2) ô|+|üø+£ qT+&ç e#˚Ã Ä<ëj·T+: n) dü>≥ ∑ Tq s√E≈£î 5 ©≥s¡¢ bÕ\ #=|üq (©≥s¡T bÕ\≈£î s¡÷. 22/` #=|üq dü+e‘·‡sêìøÏ) ` HÓ\≈£î dü>≥ ∑ Tq bÕ\ (Äe⁄\) qT+&ç Ä<ëj·T+ ` II.

yê´<ÛTä \T sê≈£î+&Ü yê´~Û

s¡÷. 15,000R00 s¡÷. 60,000R00 s¡÷. 5,500R00 s¡÷. 2,500R00 s¡÷. 83,000R00

s¡÷. 40,150R00 s¡÷. 3,350R00

(20 Ä&É G 1 eT>∑) HÓ\÷¢sY ÁuÖHé >=Á¬s\ ô|+|üø±ìøÏ nj˚T´ ô|≥Tºã&ç :

5 >∑T+≥\ $d”sÔ êíìøÏ #·T≥÷º 4 n&ÉT>∑T\ m‘·TÔ ø£+#Ó eT]j·TT 600 #·<sä |¡ ⁄ü n&ÉT>∑T\ ‘ê‘êÿ*ø£ bÕø£≈î£ Ä) 4`5 HÓ\\ ej·TdüT >∑\ 20 HÓ\÷¢sY ÁuÖHé Ä&É >=Á¬s |æ\\¢ KØ<äT≈£î ` Ç) 9`12 HÓ\\ ej·TdüT >∑\ ˇø£ HÓ\÷¢sY ÁuÖHé eT>∑ bıfÒ\º T KØ<äT≈£î ` á) eT+<äT\ Ks¡TÃ (dü+e‘·‡sêìøÏ >=Á¬s≈£î s¡÷. 100/` #=|üq) yÓTT‘·+Ô ô|≥Tºã&ç `

s¡÷. 25,000R00 s¡÷. 70,000R00 s¡÷. 9,000R00 s¡÷. 2,000R00 s¡÷. 1,06,000R00

(20G1) >=Ás¬ \ |ô +|üø+£ qT+&ç 18 HÓ\\ ‘·sê«‘· qT+&ç dü+e‘·‡sêìøÏ e#˚Ã Ä<ëj·T+ : •

dü+e‘·‡sêìøÏ ñ‘·Œ‹Ô nj˚T´ >=Á¬s |æ\\¢ dü+K´ ` 10 Ä&É$ G 10 eT>∑$

•

n+<äT˝À >=Á¬s |æ\\¢ eTs¡D≤\ dü+K´ ` 1 Ä&É$ G 1 eT>∑$ (düTe÷s¡T>±)

•

dü+e‘·‡sêìøÏ ô|+#·>*∑ >π >=Á¬s |æ\\¢ dü+K´ ` 9 Ä&É$ G 9 eT>∑$

• • •

M{Ï <ë«sê Ä<ëj·T+ ` (9 Ä&É >=Á¬s\T I 5000/`) (9 eT>∑ >=Á¬s\T I 6000/`) s¡÷. 45,000/` s¡÷. 54,000/` yÓTT‘·+Ô Ä<ëj·T+ ` (dü+e‘·‡sêìøÏ) dü>≥ ∑ Tq Ä<ëj·T+ HÓ\≈£î `

s¡÷. 99,000R00 s¡÷. 8,250R00

3. M{ÏøÏ ÄVü‰s¡+>± s√E≈£î dü>∑≥Tq ˇø£ÿ+{ÏøÏ 2.5`3.00 øÏ˝À\ APBN-1/CO-IV |üX¯óÁ>±dü+ eT]j·TT 300`500 Á>±eTT\ \TdüsïY / ãØ‡yéT / n\dü+<ä / y˚sT¡ X¯q>∑ bı≥Tº Á>±dü+ Çyê«*. 4. Áø=‘·>Ô ± |æ\\¢ T |ü⁄{Ï,º m~–q ‘·sê«‘·, Ç+<äT˝Àì y˚T\T C≤‹ >=Á¬s\‘√, bÕ‘·yê{Ïì |üP]+#·Tø√yê*. y˚T\T C≤‹ >=Á¬s\ 49

\ø£D å ≤\≈£î nqT>∑TD+>± ôd\ø£Hå é (m+|æø)£ |ü<‹∆ä ì bÕ{Ï+#ê*. á |ü<‹∆ä <ë«sê, 10 dü+e‘·‡sê\ ø±\ Áø£eT+˝À s√>∑ ìs√<Ûøä £ X¯ø,ÔÏ m<äT>∑T<ä\ sπ ≥T (e÷+dü+ ñ‘·Œ‹Ô kÕeTs¡´ú +) >∑DD°jT· +>± ô|s¡T>∑T‘·T+~. 5. Áø£eT+ ‘·|Œü ≈£î+&Ü, |üXó¯ yÓ<’ Tä ´ì dü÷#·q\ y˚Ts¡≈î£ q≥º\ ìyês¡D, ET, FMD, PPR yê´<ÛTä \T sê≈£î+&Ü ìyês¡D {°ø±\T Ç|æŒ+#ê*. III.

200 <˚Xy¯ ê[ / dü+ø£sC¡ ≤‹ ø√ﬁ¯ﬂ |ô +|üø+£ :

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How to Support Victims of Spousal abuse in US through Manavi - Prashanthi Reddy Law Offices of Prashanthi Reddy, Pllc PRASHANTHI REDDY, founder of the law offices of Prashanthi Reddy, based in Manhattan, New York, is an attorney with a keen sense of social welfare. She is actively involved in pro bono legal work and volunteers for organizations such as Trial Lawyers Care (for victims of 9/11), Manavi (women’s organization in New Jersey) and the New York Immigration Coalition. She has helped many victims of domestic abuse, especially women who come to the US on dependent visas. Reddy attended the University of Pennsylvania Law School. She has over 10 years of experience in the immigration field and is a member of the New York State Bar Association. She is also a member of the American Immigration Lawyers Association and the Immigration chair for the National South Asian Bar Association and the Immigration co-chair for the Federation of Indian Associations. In an interview with PTA Reddy discusses the ways victims of spousal abuse can fight for their rights, the Indian government’s new initiative to help women who get married to NRIs and face abuse and how bad domestic abuse really is in the South Asian community in the US. Excerpts: How did you get involved with Manavi? A friend of mine, who is also an attorney, informed me about the good work Manavi was doing, and that they needed an immigration attorney to help them with the legal clinics and take on pro bono cases and help the staff with their questions. I jumped in. There have been reports that incidents of domestic abuse continue to rise in the South Asian community in the US. How bad is it in the Indian and Indian American community? It is very bad, I have seen so many cases over the years and their numbers seem to be increasing. Around the world, at least one in every three women has been beaten, coerced into sex or abused during her lifetime. Nearly one-third of American women— 31 percent—report being physically or sexually abused by a husband or boyfriend at some point in their lives, according to a 1998 Commonwealth Fund

survey. Domestic abuse is blind to factors like economy, religion, education etc. It occurs with equal frequency among all groups, from the very poor and uneducated to the very rich and the highly educated. Why the incidents of domestic abuse continuing to rise even as women exercise greater individual rights in India and break new thresholds of achievement in the West? There has been inequality between the two sexes since the beginning of mankind. Men were physically more powerful and, therefore, had a superior status in society. Physical ability no longer has any meaning in the modern world, but it is going to take time to change these age-old attitudes. Modern women are doing tremendously well in the workplace. However, this has not changed their social status at home. Working women are under tremendous pressure as they are expected to do two jobs at the same time. These attitudes will change slowly through social awareness. Financial independence has a big role to play in this equation. I think the present generation of women are victims of social change, especially in the South Asian countries. Women are starting to think differently, they have higher expectations, hopes and aspirations. Men are more resistant to change, that’s why the divorce rate in India has shot up in recent years. What are the most common forms of domestic abuse for Indian and Indian American women in the United States? The additional factor that comes into play for abused immigrant women is the foreign environment. Abusers take advantage of this situation and use it to keep their spouses in fear. We have encountered many cases where the wife is kept a virtual prisoner in the apartment. She is locked up and not allowed to speak to anyone, not allowed to make long distance phone calls to her family members back home. I have also seen cases in which wives are brought to this country and used as domestic help. In some cases, the women do get help through women organizations or neighbors and call the police to report the abuse. But even in these cases, family 57

members pressure them to drop charges against their husbands. These women are then taken back to India on the pretext of a holiday and are abandoned there. This phenomenon has come to the notice of the authorities in India and they are making effort to arrest the spouses with criminal records pending against them.

citizens who suffer “substantial physical or mental abuse” as result of domestic violence. The applicant must report the crime of domestic violence to the authorities and must be “helpful” or “likely to be helpful” to federal, state or local law enforcement official, prosecutor, judge or INS in investigating or prosecuting the crime.

One often reads reports of ghastly domestic abuse in India, like bride burning, related to dowry. Does the issue of dowry figures in incidents of abuse in the US?

South Asian women organizations like Manavi and Sakhi are often wary of putting the spotlight on abuse victims. There is often a veil of secrecy on most victims. Why is that?

Yes, most issues that exist in India also exist among the Indian immigrant community in the US. People leave behind their country, but not their abusive social traditions. One of these traditions is the practice of dowry. Parents who have a “foreign educated son” demand a higher dowry. They claim that they should be paid back for their son’s expensive education. Most parents in India, who give their daughters in marriage to grooms in the US, are enamored by the fact that they will have a foreign-returned son-inlaw and that their daughter will live in America. They are willing to pay hefty sums of money in dowry even if it means having to mortgage their house or sell their property. Daughter-in-laws are harassed for more money and when they cannot get it, they are mistreated or abandoned. I encountered a case in which a marriage took place in India in a temple. The marriage was not registered, as it is common in India. The daughter-in-law was not able to fetch sufficient dowry, so she was brought back to India

The reason they do this is because these victims are often in a abusive relationship, while they are seeking help from these organizations. They fear for their lives and often meet these organizations without the knowledge of their spouses. Secondly, domestic violence often involves sexual abuse which is a very delicate subject to speak about. There have been abused women who have come out and told their story publicly and have become advocates against domestic violence. However, it is difficult for the average individual to do so. I think the wishes of the victims are paramount, their privacy has to be protected is they wish. It is not necessary to name names to make the community aware of domestic abuse. This can be done by making their stories public without putting them in the spotlight.

and left at her parent’s house. The husband re-married in the US and claimed that the previous marriage never took place. It was difficult for the wife to file a case in the US as she now lives in India and the Indian courts have no jurisdiction over the husband in the US. This has happened in many cases.

I have successfully done I-360 self petitioning cases under VAWA for spouses of permanent resident and US citizens. It is not difficult to get these cases approved. The “U” visas on the other hand are much more difficult to get. In these cases the Immigration Service will only issue the visa if the victim cooperates with the authorities and gives them all the information about the person who committed the crime. She is required to testify against her spouse, so that the District Attorney can successfully punish him for the crime. However, according to my experience, it is very difficult to get the spouse do. One of the reasons is fear, the other reason, common among abused spouses, is the hope that the husband will mend his ways. Victims often forgive abusers and withdraw all charges, hoping they can salvage their marriage. As per several studies done on domestic violence, the pattern of abuse often does

Do all women with non-resident visas, who get abused by their spouses, get asylum or permanent residency? What are some of the other forms of compensation they are likely to get? Women who were in abusive relationships with green card holder husbands can self petition for a green card, based on the Violence Against Women Act (VAWA). The VAWA act has also been amended to include a non immigrant visa to victims of abuse— this visa is called a “U” visa. In this category, adjustment is possible after three years for non58

You specialize in immigration law; how different and difficult is it to get asylum and permanent residency for women who are on nonwork visas and are victims of abuse?

not end. The abuser is usually a person who is prone to rage and violent behavior and is unwilling, or in some cases, unable, to change his behavior without outside help. One can also get a green card by seeking gender based asylum. In order to get relief on these grounds the applicant will have to show that she was persecuted in her home country because of her gender. Some examples of gender-based persecution are: female genital mutilation, dowry deaths, sexual slavery, infanticide, forced marriage, forced sterilization, forced abortion and all forms of sexual assault, including rape, as tools of repression and torture, during peacetime and war. For many years the United States has had a proud tradition of protecting refugees, and has set an example for other countries in protecting women from gender related violence. But the ability of refugee women to gain asylum in the US was significantly undermined by some recent immigration laws. Moreover, the results of a case often vary depending on the Judge trying the case.

What is it like to work with individuals and families who often seek your help as the last course of action to help change their lives? It is rewarding and frustrating at the same time. Rewarding when you are actually able to help make a difference in someoneâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s life. Frustrating when you are not able to help. I get many phone calls, e-mails and letters from women who have been abandoned by their husbands in India. At this point there is nothing much we can do for them to get them child support, alimony or bring the abusers to justice. The problem is that the victims are in India and are not able to come to the US because it is difficult to get a visa. Unless they are able to come here and pursue a legal course of action against their husbands, it is difficult to get any relief. They can theoretically apply for a B (visitors) visa. However, the officers at the consulate often deny these visas for no apparent reason. It is time that the US Consulate Offices give some special relief to victims of abuse so that they can come to the US easily in order to pursue legal action against their spouses. It is also important for the world community to.

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Ç~ ˇø£ÿs√E˝À¢ »]π>~ ø±<äT, ˇø£ düTBs¡È Á|üj·÷D+. ø±s¡T\T, ¬s’‘·T\T Á|ü‹ ˇø£ÿs¡÷ ø£*dæ sêyê*. eékÕj·T+ nqT≈£îqï~ nqT≈£îqï≥Tº #˚jT· >∑*–‘˚ s¬ ‘’ T· \≈£î Á|üuTÑÛ ‘·«+ qT+∫ n_Ûeè~∆ ìπs•∆ +∫q $X¯«$<ë´\j·÷\T, ø£èwæ $C≤„q øπ +Á<ë\T, ˇø£ÿ s¡÷bÕsTT ≈£L&Ü Ä•+#·sT¡ . |ü]XÀ<ÛäHê dü+düú\T, Ç+ÁøÏXÊ{Ÿ e+{Ï n+‘·sê®rj·T kÕúsTT s¬ ‘’ T· ô|≥Tºã&ç ‘·–,Z |ü+&ç+∫q |ü+≥qT ‘·q≈£î q∫Ãq Á|üe÷D≤\T ø£*–q dü+düú\qT á ø£èwæ˝À uÛ≤>∑kÕ«eTT\qT <Ûsä ≈¡ î£ neTTàø√>∑*–‘˚ m+‘· dü+‘√wü+>± e⁄+&É>\∑ T>∑T‘ês¡T. #˚j÷· *. @ø£ |ü+≥\ kÕ>∑T qT+∫ s¬ ‘’ T· \qT ãVüQfi¯ |ü+≥\ eT¬s+‘· Ä‘·à$XÊ«dü+‘√ e⁄+{≤s¡q&ÜìøÏ ‘Ó\+>±D˝ÀH˚ #ê˝≤ $<ÛëHêìøÏ eT[¢+#ê*. eékÕj·T nqTã+<Ûä s¡+>±\qT ñ<ëVü≤s¡D\THêïsTT. eTVü≤ã÷uŸq>∑sY õ˝≤¢ ø±s¡Te+>∑ Áb˛‘·‡Væ≤+∫ düeTÁ>∑ eékÕj·T+ ~X¯>± s¬ ‘’ T· qT q&ç|+æ #ê*. Á>±e÷ìøÏ #Ó+~q ˝≤eD´, s¡eTD≤¬s&ç¶ <ä+|ü‘T· \T s¡kÕj·Tq ˇø£ dæøÿÏ +, ˇø£ øπ s¡fi,¯ ˇø£ ≈£Lú≤ dü÷Œ¤]>Ô ± s¡kÕj·Tq s¡V≤æ ‘· eékÕj·T+˝À #ê˝≤ qwübº ˛j·÷s¡T. Á|üøè£ ‹ eékÕj·T |ü<‘∆ä T· \T ùd<ä´+ yÓ|’ ⁄ü ø£~*+∫ nqï<ë‘· ù|s¡TqT kÕs¡ø∆ +£ #˚j÷· *. ‘Ó\TdüT≈£îHêïø£ á $<Ûëq+˝À |ü‹,Ô $T]Ã, e] |ü+&ç+∫ ‘·eT nedüsy¡ TÓ ‘Æ ˚ Á|ü‹ õ˝≤¢, eT+&É\ øπ +Á<ë˝À¢ s¡kÕj·Tq, ñ‘·Œ‘·TÔ\qT ‘êy˚T e÷¬sÿ{Ï+>¥ #˚düT≈£î+≥THêïs¡T. s¡kÕj·Tq |ü<‹∆ä ˝À |ü+&ç+∫q $Ts¡|≈ü î£ ms¡Te⁄\T, |ü⁄s¡T>∑T eT+<äT\≈£î Á|üøè£ ‹ ùd<ä´ $<ÛëHê\≈£î dü+ã+~Û+∫ &Óy÷Ó bÕ¢≥q¢ T @sêŒ≥T mø£sê≈£î 30 y˚\T ô|≥Tºã&ç ô|&ç‘,˚ Á|üøè£ ‹ ùd<ä´+˝À 5 y˚\≈£î #˚dæ s¬ +&ç+{Ï eT<Û´ä ‘˚&Ü\qT s¬ ‘’ T· \≈£î $e]+#ê*. ô|≥Tºã&ç, $T+∫ ô|≥Tºã&ç ˝Ò<Tä . ~>∑Tã&ç <ë<ë|ü⁄ düe÷q+>± e⁄+{À+~. ~>∑Tã&ÉT\ eT<Û´ä ‘˚&Ü\qT düŒwü+º >± ‘Ó*j·TC…bÕŒ*. n|ü⁄&ÉT n<˚ õ˝≤¢≈î£ #Ó+~q }]àfi¯eTà Á|üøè£ ‹ ùd<ä´+˝À e], y˚sT¡ e÷Á‘·y˚T ¬s’‘·T\≈£î Á|üø£è‹ ùd<ä´+ |ü≥¢ ã\yÓTÆq qeTàø£+ X¯q>∑ |ü+&çùdÔ yê{ÏøÏ $|üØ‘·yTÓ qÆ &çe÷+&é e⁄+~. kÕ|òyºt s˚ Y ø£\T>∑T‘·T+~. ñ<√´>∑+ e~* ùd<äú≤≥ |ü{Ïºq Á|üMDY ‘·q ñ‘·Œ‘·TÔ\qT eékÕj·TeT+fÒ πøe\+ |ü+≥\T |ü+&ç+#·&Éy˚T bÕ\eT÷sY Áu≤+&é ù|s¡T‘√ $Áø£sTTdüTHÔ êïs¡T. ìC≤e÷u≤<é õ˝≤¢≈î£ ø±≈£î+&Ü, |üsêés¡D |ü]s¡øDå£ , düe÷» Äs√>∑´Væ≤‘êìï <äèwæ˝º À #Ó+~q #Ós¡≈£î ¬s’‘·T »e÷ø£sY¬s&ç¶ Á|üø£è‹ kÕ>∑T˝À ‘êqT ñ+#·Tø√yê*. n|ü⁄&ÉT e÷Á‘·yT˚ s¬ ‘’ T· eTTK+˝À qe⁄«\T ã+>±s¡T |ü+&ç+∫q #Ós≈¡ î£ ‘√ u…\+¢ ‘·j÷· s¡T #˚dæ dü«+‘·+>± e÷¬sÿ{Ï+>¥ ‘Ó\+>±D yêøÏ{˝Ï À Ä≈£î|ü#Ã· ì ‘√s¡D≤\e⁄‘êsTT. #˚dTü ≈£î+≥THêïs¡T. es¡+>∑˝Ÿ˝À u≤\$ø±dü dü+düú Ä<Û«ä s¡´+˝À #ê˝≤eT+~ s¬ ‘’ T· \T ùd+ÁBj·T eékÕj·T+ #˚d÷ü Ô ‘·eT ñ‘·Œ ‘·TÔ\≈£î e÷¬sÿ{Ÿ˝À &çe÷+&é ø£*ŒdüTHÔ êïs¡T. Á|üøè£ ‹‘√ ø£*dæ kÕ–‘˚ m+‘· Äq+<ä+, m+‘· Ä<ëj·T+ edüTÔ+<√ ‘Ó*j·T CÒù|Œ Ç˝≤+{Ï ñ<ëVü≤s¡D\T mH√ï eTq ø£fie¢¯ TT+<äT ø£ì|æ düTÔHêïsTT. ¬s’‘·T\T dü«j·T+ dü e Tè~› kÕ~Û + #ê\H˚ ø£ \ πøe\+ eTTKéT+Á‹ >±s¡T ˇø£ÿsπ Ä•ùdÔ Ä$wüÿè‘·eTj˚T´~ Ä<äsÙ¡ j·TTe s¬ ‘’ T· Á|üMDY ø±<äT. Ç+<äT≈£î eékÕj·÷~Û 68

Interview with Shri Raju Reddy, NRI, Founder, Kakatiya Sandbox

Raju Reddy, at the outset we thank you for the opportunity to speak to you, learn about your success story, your passion and vision for rural development.

1. Let us start with your background, where were your born, your educational strides leading up to going to America. I was born in Nizamabad and since I was a 10 year old, mostly grew up outside my hometown. First in a Boarding school at Sainik School Korukonda near Vizag and subsequently went to BITS Pilani before coming to the US in 1981 for my Masters degree at Virginia Tech. 2. Please explain about your entrepreneurial success story in America? After spending 10 years at Intel in variety of Engineering and Marketing management roles, I started Sierra Atlantic in 1993 which over the years grew to be a global company with over 2400 employees and operations in 12 countries. We were headquartered in Silicon Valley with a significant employee base in India and China. We were bought by Hitachi in December 2010. Subsequently I spent considerable time as a mentor to young first time entrepreneurs including RedBus, Grey Orange; and also served on the Boards of two different Hitachi companies. I continue to play that role with entrepreneurs in Silicon Valley and India. 3. Most of the NRIs do charity and help their villages. But you decided to build a framework for rural entrepreneurship? How did you get that idea? I have been involved with various non-profit initiatives over the years with many relating to India. As an entrepreneur looking to make sustainable impact at scale, I was impressed with the work done by Desh Deshpande in Hubli and hence chose to adopt that model for rural Telangana after visiting Hubli and witnessing the transformation happening there. Fortunately, I found the perfect partner Phanindra Sama (Founder and former CEO of

RedBus) as my co-Founder for the Kakatiya Sandbox initiative. The work however is inspired by and fully administered by the Deshpande Foundation team led by Naveen Jha. 4. Please explain about Kakatiya Sandbox model? At the core of it, Kakatiya Sandbox is built on 3 main principles: a. Entrepreneurial mindset: Much like a successful startup, you need good leadership combined with a solution that addresses a large problem. Unlike the for-profit world however, compassion is also necessary while applying the rigor of business world to address social challenges. b. Bottom-up: Unless the local people are an important part of the solution, any of our initiatives in rural India are not sustainable. Hence lot of our effort is put into building the local capacity to absorb and implement the ideas. c. Scale: In a country of over 1.2 Billion people, we cannot make meaningful impact unless we address a large enough population segment. In kakatiya Sandbox (KS), we picked roughly about 10 million population which includes the erstwhile districts of Nizamabad, Karimnagar and Medak. Subsequently we have a local donor/champion supporting similar programs in Nalgonda district. So today, our Sandbox programs are designed to address almost one half of rural Telangana population. 5. Who are your target stakeholders? Today our resources are focused largely on programs which improve income levels in rural Telangana. As a result, a large segment of the population we serve is the small farmers through programs like â&#x20AC;&#x153;Better Cotton Initiativeâ&#x20AC;?, Sankalp (bore well recharge) and Farm Ponds. We also have several programs addressing the youth through skill development, 69

leadership development, career counseling and a highly effective science education program called “Agasthya”. More recently we started formal programs to support and nurture great entrepreneurs at the district level through “Navodhyami” focused on micro entrepreneurs and working with TiE which hopefully will lead to a TiE Nizamabad chapter by year end. While we don’t directly fund, we encourage and support other high quality social impact programs in healthcare such as “Save a Mother” which started in our Sandbox two years ago. KS today is 100% privately funded though the Telangana Govt has been very supportive and recently offered to provide financial support in the form of physical infrastructure to help scale our initiative. 6. How do you qualify a partner to include in Kakatiya Sandbox program? We look for partners who share our philosophy (outlined in #4 above), and our values of ethics and integrity. One of the important considerations is also their commitment to having their staff live and operate within the rural area – based on our past experience, we believe this is essential for success and someone operating from Hyderabad is not sustainable. We don’t always fund the partners in our program, however they may be able to connect with and leverage the various participants in our ecosystem to scale their initiative. 7. What are your experiences while working on rural projects? What are the challenges? One of my important learnings is that the young people (mostly in 20’s and early 30’s) are the most effective change agents. There are several in rural India willing to learn and make a positive difference. Hence the success of programs such as KS depends on our ability to tap into that reservoir of young talent and idealism. Also I feel we benefitted by the timing of our initiative for most part which was launched in 2013 – the Telangana movement created a strong feeling of wanting to do social good among the rural youth once the separate state was created. I personally met people in our leadership development programs who voiced that sentiment and hence looking for an opportunity. I must emphasize KS is absolutely non-political and non-religious in its mission and execution. The challenges while many are not insurmountable. For most part, having the leadership team of 70

Deshpande Foundation and a local team in Nizamabad, Siddipet and other rural towns has helped us anticipate and address these issues well. I would say that the speed at which things change in rural India is understandably very different from Silicon Valley where I live; but then it wouldn’t be as much fun if everything is laid out for us on a platter. Building the local capacity to absorb, own and scale our programs continues to be the biggest need for us. There again we found some amazing young local entrepreneurs (Shravya Reddy, Ajit Narra, Ravish Bhimani) in Nizamabad who are now playing a very active role in KS. The developing TiE initiative in Nizamabad is a wonderful example of their leadership at work. 8. How do you see the social impact of Kakatiya Sandbox on Rural India? Vast majority of India still lives in the villages and small towns. Unlike China where it moved most of their rural population to cities for employment, we have to find a better way by creating opportunities for local employment and building our small towns and villages. Hence I believe programs such as KS are essential for the long term sustainable development of India. As I envision, if we have 20 such Sandbox ecosystems across India each impacting 10 million people, we will touch 200 million people which is about one quarter of India’s rural population. That to me is a transformative change which can bring significant benefits to India for the next 100 years. 9. What are the parallels between Kakatiya Sandbox and T-Hub? T-Hub is a wonderful initiative led by the Govt to promote and nurture entrepreneurs, mostly tech and certainly changed the perception of Hyderabad as a place for tech entrepreneurs across India. The audience addressed by T-Hub and KS are vastly different though there are some synergies worth exploring where T-Hub has Agri-tech startups that may have products addressing the needs of KS rural population. 10. If some one has entrepreneurial ideas and passion, how Kakatiya Sandbox can nurture him? What is the process? Please look up www.kakatiyasandbox.in and we have events through the year where we invite social entrepreneurs to pitch their ideas, some of which we

fund. However be sure that you are willing to commit resources to live and work in KS region. 11. What are your future plans for Kakatiya Hub? We are only in our fourth year of this journey and I have personally committed time and capital to this pursuit for at least 20 years. The kakatiya Hub which was recently announced by the Telangana Govt should give us a significant boost by making larger space available to house and nurture more social entrepreneurs and expand our reach within rural Telangana. While we targeting a 10 million population, our programs to date have impacted about 5% of this population at best; hence we have a long way to go to achieve our vision. I am also very encouraged by the level of enthusiasm and interest from different district collectors to support us where we operate. Personally I witnessed the benefits of smaller districts where the collectors are now much more approachable allowing for faster execution of development projects at the district level. 12. There are many successful telangana NRIs abroad. What are the different ways to engage them in Telangana development? The most important requirement is the level of interest and willingness to make time for such efforts.

Understandably most of us have other important priorities and there are lot of things we can do right here in US where we live. Most of us come from middle class families and access to good education was our passport to a better life. So when you visit India next, make time to visit your village or town and share your story with the local youth â&#x20AC;&#x201C; you will likely inspire someone to change their life for better. We have an annual conference called Development Dialog which happens in Nizamabad between January 25- Feb 7 on a Sunday each year which attracts several NRIs and you will get a first-hand feel for the various programs and leaders running these initiatives in rural Telangana. I encourage you to attend that annual conference and decide what interests you and how you can best engage. 13. Any message/advise for our readers? I feel fortunate by the opportunities America gave me to be an entrepreneur and now doing things that my knowledge, time and resources allow me to pursue. I have always found happiness by â&#x20AC;&#x153;following my heartâ&#x20AC;? whether at the time I chose to leave Intel and pursue entrepreneurship or now in my journey as a social entrepreneur. Do not underestimate what each of you can achieve, whatever path you may choose as long as you pursue it with passion and integrity.

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People always asked me if I wanted to study abroad during college and I always said that it would be an awesome experience, expecting that it would happen in my 2nd or 3rd year. However, in April of my senior year of high school I got quite the surprise when my acceptance letter to Northeastern University stated that I would have to study abroad my first semester of college. At first I wasn’t interested in the idea because I wanted the traditional first semester. But the more I talked to my friends and family, the more I realized the potentially incredible educational and experiential value that this program offered. Although I’ve lived in 4 countries, I had never been to Europe. So, after weeks of thinking, I decided to accept my admission to Northeastern and travel to Greece for my first semester. I chose Greece because it was the country with the most diverse and distinct culture, which would allow me to be completely immersed in new traditions and experiences. When I first arrived in Greece, I was not too shocked by the culture change because it somewhat reminded me of India. Thankfully, it didn’t take me long to get used to the way things worked, and I was able to adapt to my surroundings fairly quickly. The campus was certainly smaller than I expected and my classes, while challenging, were not too difficult or overwhelming. This made it easier to go out on weekends and explore the beautiful city of Thessaloniki. Every weekend, my friends and I would go out and explore, whether it was a walk along the boardwalk on Friday, a trip out to the Aristotelous Square on Saturday, or a nice brunch on Sunday afternoon. There was always something new to explore each day. Besides classes and adventuring, I also had service learning on Tuesday mornings at a warehouse/food pantry that helped children, families, and refugees in need. Being able to spend a small 74

amount of my time every Tuesday to make a difference in other people’s lives made me realize just how privileged and lucky I was. It was a nice activity to take part in while living in Greece because it also allowed me to see similarities and differences between the native people and myself. By working closely with a local non-profit organization, I was able to interact with locals and learned more about Greece. It also showed me that the problems they face are very similar to the problems that people face back at home in India. Another great opportunity of being in the NUin Greece program was the fact that I could travel around Europe. During fall break I ventured to Paris and London with a group of friends and I was able to see some remarkable landmarks such as the Eiffel Tower, Louvre Museum, Arc De Triomphe, and the London Eye for the first time. Besides my fall break trip, I also took a trip to Athens to explore the Acropolis and a weekend trip to Cyprus for a beautiful beach getaway. My favorite trip by far was visiting Santorini, the beautiful island of white buildings and blue domes with cliff-side views from my room and the most magnificent sunsets I have ever seen. My experience with NUin has been amazing and I wouldn’t trade it for anything. The traditional first semester idea that I had wanted would not have allowed me to create some lifelong memories with the good food and the friends I made during my time abroad in Greece. I am very grateful to Northeastern for providing me with the opportunity to learn and grow in ways that I would have never imagined possible in my first semester as a college student. I will always remember my adventures in Greece and throughout Europe, and I will use the lessons I have learned and the experience I have gathered to help me to succeed in my future.

Smile Everyday - Meera Mayreddy 6th Grade

Walking to school past a tree at south Producing laughter from my mouth But as my years longly go by You can still see that laughter sprout and fly All alone in the jungle All my thoughts in a jumble But as I realized later That all I need is the nature That round ball in the skull What is in it is unpredictable But only if you could know The capacity it can hold What is a world without art Basically our world, except less smart Imagine a black darkness all alone Now that is a world without art How far is it to see a star up close It’s something many people can’t do, most? Now some people can see it like myself Grab a mirror and see for yourself Thinking fast, doing fast You don’t know when is last So smile everyday Cause you never know when life will fade away All that we have but we still want more All those precious things that make up your soul But what if all those things were taken away Would you still be the person you are today

Civil Rights Journey of Rosa Park - Rishitha Musuku

A long time ago, there were laws called Jim Crow laws. Those laws kept black people segregated from white people. The black people felt sad because the white people always got more importance.The black people couldn’t sit in the front with white people.They had to sit in the back of the bus even if theyhave paid the same amount.This was unfair to black people. One day, a lady named Rosa Parks got on bus #2857. She was going home after a long day after sewing and ironing clothes. She was extremely tired. She was sitting in the back with other three passengers, the bus got crowded. When more white people climbed aboard the bus got more crowded, so a white passenger who climbed on the bus did not have a seat to sit down in, so the bus driver ordered Rosa and the other passengers to get out of the seat. The three other passengers followed what the bus driver ordered, but Rosa sat still. Rosa always felt that it was not fair that black people has to sit in the back and give up their seats to white people. Soon the angry bus driver called the cops to get Rosa arrested for not giving up her seat to a white person and the cops arrested her but Rosa was proud that she did not give up her seat! Many black people admired Rosa’s bravery. They decided to boycott the buses, which caused a financial hardship to bus companies and the transportation system. It took one year for the government to change the law but finally, the Jim Crow laws were changed! Now black people have freedom to sit wherever they wanted without being bothered. Now everyone had equal freedom, Rosa Park’s dream of freedom came through her hard work, bravery and courage. I am talking about Rosa Park’s because if Rosa had not refused to give up her seat, black people would still be sitting in the back of the bus, they would be ordered to give up their seats to white people and they still would not be treated kindly. They would still not have equal rights and freedom. What if all the people around the world including India were not allowed coming and living in America? I would not be able to live in America and I would not be able to talk to you! Because of Rosa Parks, we have the rights and freedom to live here in America. I sincerely thank Rosa Parks of what she did for the country. She gave equality to black people. I sincerely thank Rosa Parks for all of us. 76

My field trip to Crystal Cave - Ashwika Papasani 2nd Grade

I am a second grader in Pickering Valley Elementary School (PV), Chester Springs, PA. I’m very excited to share a story of our field trip to Crystal Cave in Pennsylvania. When my teacher told about this field trip that would be on the second May, I couldn’t wait. I have been waiting for the May 2 nd. The day of the field trip has arrived and I was so happy to wake up early and prepare for my field trip. My mom helped me to pack up my food and water. I took my school bus to PV. When I got to class I am looking for the field trip bus. There are two filed trip buses each has 50 second graders, 2 teachers and 10 parent volunteers. We started around 9 o’clock and it took an hour drive to Crystal Cave. When we got down our teachers told us the instructions to follow.We were divided into groups of 6 kids with a parent volunteer. First we went to a panning area where we pan for crystals and I got many crystals that are pretty and of different colors. Then we ate lunch. After lunch we went in the cave. In the cave we see different crystal formations. One of the fascinating crystals formations was ice cream cone crystal. It looks like Vanilla ice cream cone. There are many other crystal formations and those crystals were formed for many years ago. These are like rocks were formed form minerals. It’s so much fun to see crystals and learn about natural wonders. We left Crystal Cave and came back to school. I rode the bus home. I told my parents we should go to Crystal Cave. Crystal Cave isso much fun!

I am Me - Tanvi Papagari 6th Grade

I am a fifth grader who loves reading I wonder where I will go to college I hear birds chirping outside I see the animals finding food I want to be a vet when I grow up I am fifth grader who loves reading I pretend that I am a character in one of my books I feel overjoyed when the day looks beautiful, I touch the picture frames on the sill I worry about my school grades I cry when I feel sad I am a fifth grader who loves reading. I understand the needs of animals I say “let’s play” to my friends I dream about fantasies I try to get high grades on my tests I hope that The Land of Stories becomes a movie I am a fifth grader who loves reading

India - Shriyansh Nellutla 5th Grade & Skyview Elementary

Moments of joy stretch as far as you can see, religion stays within our soul, and temples showered all over our warm land. We treat everyone with love and careness. With our spices hidden deep in our food which makes it mouth water that you cannot delay to get a bite of. This is the land of India that is welcome to all. History and famous landmarks are huge in India, world wonders such as the Taj Mahal and golden temple are known world wide. You can take wonderful explorations such as the thousand-pillar temple or the amer fort. India doesn’t just have landmarks we have fun here too like fun world with thrilling rides and candy just like in america except even more fun added to the pot. Beautiful valleys and Himalayan mountains are also beautiful sights tropical beaches such as goa beach blue water and fresh coconuts you can pick straight of the tree and taste what you’ve never tasted what so good These are just only few of millions places on India. India is known for mostly of what we believe in. we have 330 million gods and pray every day culture is well-known as Hinduism. Holi is a spring festival of celebration and Unity we throw colored powder in all colors at people to show that they are unique and to play as a part as community of love. Diwali is a New Year festival in India we pray to our gods to get another good year. We have proven that turmeric powder can heal any cut on the human. Another belief/proven belief is the most commonly word used for chanting in India “Om” scientists say the the powerful word is the sound of the sun. Culture is well-known as Hinduism. Holi is a spring festival of celebration and Unity we throw

colored powder in all colors at people to show that they are unique and to play as a part as community of love. Diwali is a New Year festival in India we pray to our gods to get another good year. We have proven that turmeric powder can heal any cut on the human. Another belief/proven belief is the most commonly word used for chanting in India “Om” scientists say the the powerful word is the sound of the sun. Bodies of water create in endless options of food and spices that would dip in deep chunks of you. Like our butter chicken with hot chilli pepper and coriander leaves topped on and veg. Biryani rice on your plate and within a second it will be finished.Willing to want more you can walk away down the dosa huts on the streets waiting to lure you towards the freshness. And a restaurant especially waiting for you filled with tangy and creamy foods spilled all over your imagination. India is mostly known for spices used for a lot of varieties in traditional foods that just makes everything better (mostly in my opinion). Food, religion,history and places of India this journey will take you on a trip to explore the unimagined land of India this can lead your creativity from the looks to a whole new world awaiting for your arrival India is full of wonders you will talk about it and spread the news. Land of love, religion, food or spices,history and places all combined into one.that is the land of India. 79