Summer 2013
EU-China Policy Dialogues Support Facility
News Magazine Smart Cities
www.eu-chinapdsf.org
Urbanisation, Environment and Infrastructure
Water Resources Supply, efficiency and quality
Youth
We media /New media
China Online
China’s broadband development
Agriculture
Clean production and agro-ecological compensation
PDSF News Magazine
PDSF News Magazine
Welcome
Welcome to the first edition of the EU-China Policy Dialogues Support Facility (PDSF) news magazine.
The PDSF is unlike other EU-China programmes in that it is driven by the demands of European and Chinese dialogue partners to support the EU-China relationship, particularly the High-Level Strategic, Trade & Economic and People-to-People Dialogues, plus more than 50 sectoral dialogues. The PDSF currently supports initiatives in the fields of urbanization, telecoms, agriculture, innovation, water resources, education, youth work, climate change, eco design, culture and environment.
欢迎阅读中国-欧盟政策对话支持项目（PDSF） 的第一期项目通讯。
When discussing the design of our news magazine, we realize the need to use an approach different from the conventional project newsletters in order to reflect this broad range of sectors and topics covered by our project. In each half-yearly news magazine we will have a different focus providing background information and the wider context of the Dialogues in which the PDSF is involved.
Cover Image Source: www.tianjinecocity.gov.sg
In this first edition we have focused on Smart Cities where new technologies play an increasingly pivotal role in everyday life, with features on Broadband Policy for delivering better government services through higher speed networks and the China Europe Water Platform (CEWP) which covers issues related to water supply and quality.
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Dr. Juergen Ritter Programme manager
前言
These are all broad topics and pertinent to the EU-China partnership. These articles are written by some of our highly qualified experts who provide the content to put the dialogues into practice. We have taken the opportunity to take stock of the many events that have taken place over the past twelve months. Since we kicked off in March 2012, we have had a busy year promoting the PDSF in China and Europe and we can say with confidence that the influence and impact from this first year of implementation of PDSF has met and even exceeded our expectations.
Looking Ahead Over the next six months, the focus will be on initiating a wide variety of new activities under the Sustainable Urbanisation Partnership which is increasingly important to the EU-China relationship.
与其它中欧项目不同，PDSF项目覆盖 多个领域，由欧洲和中国的对话伙伴共同提 议，是中欧关系的有机组成部分。中欧高级 别战略对话、经贸高层对话、高级别人文交 流对话和50多个领域对话的举办对推动中欧 关系发展起到了重要作用。PDSF目前正在 支持的对话领域包括城镇化、电信、农业、 创新、水资源、教育、青年工作、气候变 化、生态设计、文化和环境。 在讨论项目通讯的设计时，为了能够反 映出PDSF项目领域覆盖面广和专题多样化 的特点，我们采用了不同于常规项目通讯的 编写方法。项目通讯半年一期，每期我们会 聚焦不同领域，提供相应的背景资料和对话 框架所涉及的广泛内容。 由于新技术在人们生活中扮演着越来越 重要的角色，第一期通讯中我们将通过强化 宽带政策制定（政府通过实施高速网络的宽 带政策提供更好的服务）和水资源管理（供 水和水质相关问题）来介绍智慧城市项目。 本期关注领域与中欧关系紧密相关。所 刊文章由参与政策对话框架下具体项目实施 的资深专家撰写。
More details of our activities throughout the past year can be found on our website: www.eu-chinapdsf.org
借此机会，我们对过去一年进行的项 目活动进行了总结和盘点。PDSF项目于 2012年3月启动，我们度过了非常忙碌充实 的一年，进行了项目在中国和欧洲的宣传工 作。现在我们可以自信地说，项目第一年的 实施效果已经达到甚至超出了我们的预期。
For further information, please contact us on: office@eu-chinapdsf.org
展望未来
Chris Brown Programme manager
可持续城镇化伙伴关系对中欧关系变 得日益重要，在未来的六个月我们将启动 此领域相关的各类活动。欲了解过去一年 PDSF所支持项目的实施情况，请访问项目 网站：www.eu-chinapdsf.org 如需进一步信息，请发邮件 office@eu-chinapdsf.org
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PDSF News Magazine
PDSF News Magazine
Inside Sectoral Dialogues Project Background
ChinaEurope Youth Symposium
PDSF Information Sessions
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Smart Cities
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Urbanisation, Environment and Infrastructure
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China’s Broadband Development
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Water Security
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Design by REDSTAR www.redstarworks.com
A Global Issue
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AgroEcological Compensation
Looking Back Activities from the past year
A Global Issue
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PDSF News Magazine
PDSF News Magazine
EU-China Sectoral Dialogues Relations between the EU and China have intensified in recent years, partly as a consequence of China’s economic growth and increasing importance on the world stage. China’s rapid development has had an effect in a wide variety of sectors. Sectoral dialogues have helped to develop a solid foundation for the EU-China relationship which is now characterised by increasingly close policy co-ordination in many important areas. The European Union strongly encourages these dialogues, which are an important area of support to the overall relationship with China. The dialogues constitute an effective tool for further widening and deepening EU relations with China, for exploring new areas of common interest, for exchanging know-how, and, especially in the area of economic reform, EU models and best practices.
Sectoral Dialogues Project Background
Sectoral Dialogues cover a wide spectrum of fields and sectors, like Education & Culture, Environment, Energy, Employment and Social Affairs, Information Society, Public Health and Agriculture, Regional Policy, Food Safety etc. Sectoral dialogues can also pave the way for businesses and other sectors by eliminating potential regulatory obstacles, and through raising awareness and facilitating contacts. Regular exchanges between specialists, officials and the business community serve to boost mutual understanding, and provide the substance for further developing the EU-China strategic partnership.
of Sectoral Dialogues between the European Commission’s DirectoratesGeneral (DG) or European External Action Service (EEAS) and Chinese Ministries or State Agencies. Smaller activities often prove more effective than conventional projects, provided that they can be mobilized quickly and respond to an immediate demand. PDSFI implemented 26 activities with 62 separate events over five years, involving 19 Chinese Ministries & State Agencies and 12 DGs with a total budget of almost € 6.6 million. More than 200 senior policy-makers and experts were involved in these activities. The launch of this follow-up phase manifests the obvious demand of a continued support to the dialogue partners in the EU and China. The project is implemented on behalf of the European Union (the EU) by a consortium led by Grontmij A/S.
中国-欧盟政策对话支持项目 （PDSF）由欧盟和中国共同资助， 以促进和支持当前进行的和未来将要 进行的中欧政策对话。政策对话涉及 各类重点领域，旨在全面深化中国和 欧盟的战略伙伴关系。 政策领域对话 近几年中国与欧盟的关系不断加强，这 也是中国经济增长和其在世界舞台上重要性 日益提高的结果。中国的快速发展对很多领 域产生了影响。 政策领域对话有助于为中欧关系奠定坚 实的基础，现阶段中欧关系的特点是在许多 重点领域里日益密切的政策协调。欧盟大力
支持这些对话，这也是其与中国发展全面关 系十分重要的领域。 这些对话是进一步扩大和深化中欧关 系，探寻双方共同关注的新领域，扩大经济 改革、欧盟模式和最佳实践经验方面技术交 流的有效工具。 政策对话涵盖的领域十分广泛，如教 育和文化、环境、能源、就业和社会事务、 信息社会、公共卫生和农业、区域政策、食 品安全等。 政策领域对话可以通过为企业和其他经 营者消除潜在的法规障碍，并通过提高认识 和加强联络为企业和其他经营者铺平道路。 专家、官员和企业间的定期交流能够促进相 互理解，并为中国与欧盟战略伙伴关系的进 一步发展打下基础。
中国-欧盟政策对话支持项目 中国-欧盟政策对话支持项目二期 （PDSF II）于2012年3月启动，为期四 年，承接已于2011年12月结束的项目一 期。 中国-欧盟政策对话支持项目是一个独 特的灵活机制，对在欧盟委员会总司、欧洲 对外行动局和中国部委或国家机构倡导的领 域对话框架内的不同项目提供支持。 只要小规模项目能够迅速启动，并对临 时性要求做出快速反应，往往比传统项目更 加有效。中国-欧盟政策对话项目一期与19 个中国部委和国家机构、12个欧盟委员会总 司合作，实施了26个项目，共62个活动， 活动总经费约合660万欧元。200多位高级 决策者和专家参与了项目活动。 PDSF II的启动表明了中欧对话伙伴所 需对话支持的不断增长。 本项目由以Grontmij A/S（荷隆美公 司）为首的咨询机构实施。
Background to PDSF
The EU-China Policy Dialogues Support Facility (PDSF) is a project co-funded by the European Union and China to facilitate and support current and future implementation of Policy Dialogues between the EU and China on a broad range of key sectors and issues, with the overall aim to strengthen strategic relations between the EU and China. The Team (from L to R) /（由左至右）: Tang Jia 汤嘉, Wang Xiaotong 王晓彤, Zheng Xijun 郑希军, Chris Brown 克里斯布朗, Juergen Ritter 周裕耕, Yang Yue 杨玥, Liu Ye 刘晔
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The second phase of the EU-China Policy Dialogues Support Facility (PDSFII) started in March 2012 and runs for 4 years, following on from PDSF I which ended in Dec 2011. The PDSF provides a unique and flexible mechanism to support a wide variety of activities in the context
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PDSF News Magazine
PDSF News Magazine
布鲁塞尔信息说明会，2012年6月19日： 来自13个欧盟委员会总司和欧洲对外行动局的22位代表参 加了2012 年6月19日在布鲁塞尔举行的PDSF II项目说明会。 项目主任周裕耕和副主任克里斯·布朗介绍了“项目目标、内容 和申请程序”。
北京信息说明会，2012年9月6日：
Traditional Temple, Beijing
PDSF Information Sessions Brussels, 19 June 2012: 22 delegates of 13 DGs and EEAS attended this Information Session. On the basis of a power point presentation the PDSF key experts introduced “Objectives, Contents, Procedures” of the PDSF II.
Beijing, 6 September 2012: PDSF II was launched in China on 6th September 2012 through a high-level Information Session held in the Nikko Hotel in Beijing. Senior officials from over 40 Chinese Ministries and European Commission DG representatives attended the session, marked by keynote speeches from EU Delegation and the Ministry of Commerce (MofCOM). The Information Session has laid a marker for the remainder of PDSF II by bringing together such a wide group of participants. MofCOM were represented by director of the Department of International Trade & Economic Affairs, Kang Bingjian together with Luo Yu, who encouraged more Chinese Ministries & State Agencies to submit proposals to foster closer cooperation with their European counterparts, noting that regular exchanges between officials, experts and the private sector can serve to boost mutual understanding, and provide the substance for further developing the EU-China strategic partnership. Minister Counsellor from the EU Delegation, Johan Cauwenbergh, noted how the PDSF II programme provides a unique and flexible mechanism to support a wide variety of activities in the context of Sectoral Dialogues between
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the European Commission’s DGs and Chinese Ministries. Indeed, Sectoral Dialogues have helped to develop a solid foundation for the EU-China relationship which is now characterised by increasingly close policy co-ordination in many important areas. Current dialogues cover a wide spectrum of fields and sectors, such as Trade, Education, Environment, Energy, Employment, ICT, Agriculture, Regional Policy, Food Safety and more recently the China Europe Water Platform and a high-level People-to-People Dialogue.
北京信息说明会于2012年9月6日在新世纪日航饭店举行。 来自40多个中国部委/国家机构的高级官员和欧盟总司驻华代表 参加了此次说明会，中国商务部和欧盟驻华代表团的相关领导出 席并致辞。 中国商务部国际经贸关系司康炳建处长和商务一秘罗煜出席 了此次说明会，望中国部委和国家机构积极提交项目申请，加强 与欧方伙伴合作关系，并特别指出官员、专家等的定期交流可以 加强相互了解，并有助于中欧战略伙伴关系的进一步发展。欧盟 驻华代表团公使衔参赞高佑瀚在讲话中指出，PDSF II是一个独 特的灵活机制，对欧盟总司和中国部委倡导的政策领域对话框架 内的不同项目提供支持。政策领域对话为中欧关系奠定了坚实的 基础，现阶段中欧关系的特点是在许多重点领域里日益密切的政 策协调。政策对话涵盖的领域十分广泛，如贸易、教育、环境、 能源、就业、信息技术交流、农业、区域政策、食品安全等，近 期中欧水资源交流平台和高层人文交流活动正在开展。 PDSF II项目主任周裕耕博士在回顾项目一期时指出，项 目一期(2007-2011)与19个中国部委、12个欧盟总司合作，开 展实施了26个项目、60多个不同类型的活动（如专题会议、圆 桌会议、联合研究、项目实习、研讨会、培训），并对项目二期 进行了展望。 会议问答环节由项目副主任克里斯•布朗主持，并与项目主任 周裕耕共同回答了参会人员提出的关于项目申请等问题。 此次项目说明会成功举办后，项目办与中国部委和欧盟总司 举行了相关会议，就具体项目申请进行了讨论。
In his overview, team leader Juergen Ritter noted that 26 separate activities with over 60 separate events such as conferences, roundtables, joint research, internships, seminars & training, involving 19 line Ministries and 12 Directorates General from the European Commission had been carried out in phase I of PDSF from 2007-2011, and went on to outline the guidelines for applying to this new phase. A Q&A session was chaired by Chris Brown from the PDSF office, dealing with questions from interested participants on the practicalities of applying to the programme.
“The PDSF II programme provides a unique and flexible mechanism to support a wide variety of activities”
Following the success of the Information Session, the PDSF team has held a series of meetings with Ministries and DGs to encourage high-quality proposals in time for the next deadline for submission of proposals.
Cinquantenaire Monument, Brussels
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PDSF News Magazine
PDSF News Magazine
Smart Cities Urbanisation, Environment and Infrastructure Jeanette Whyte
This article provides a brief introduction to Smart Cities and why they are of key importance for both China and the EU.
Tianjin Eco-City
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What is a Smart City? There are many definitions of a Smart City. However, common to all definitions is that they have a strong focus on making best use of information and communications technologies (“ICT”) — to make the critical infrastructure components and services of a city — administration, education, health care, public safety, real estate, transportation and utilities — more interactive and efficient to enable social, cultural and urban development.
Why do we need Smart Cities?
The city of Guangzhou will host the first meeting of the Smart City project
•• Increasing urbanisation: More than half of the world’s nearly seven billion people now live in urban areas and that proportion is expected to reach almost 69 per cent by 2050, placing massive pressure on city infrastructures.
There are examples of cities in both China (Dongtan; Tianjin eco-city; Tai Hu New Town, Wuxi;) and Europe (Amsterdam; PlanIT Valley, Portugal; Malaga, Spain) that are adopting a Smart City approach to the challenges of urbanisation. Smart City projects can be “greenfield” i.e. The city is built from the ground up or “brownfield” where Smart City solutions are retrofitted into a city’s existing infrastructure.
•• Impact on the environment: Cities consume 75% of the world’s energy resources and emit 80% of the carbon that is harming the environment. •• Demands on infrastructure: Increased urbanisation in cities has led to energy and water scarcity; traffic congestion: problems with waste disposal; and safety risks from ageing infrastructures. •• Reduced budgets: The economic climate is resulting in reduced public spending on the provision and management of public services. •• Competition between cities: Increased mobility of society has led to a competition between cities for investment, for talent, and for jobs.
ICT and Smart Cities The major ICT requirements for a Smart City are Internet technologies and services such as location-based services, the Internet of Things, trust and security platforms that work together across a common open platform. The two major building blocks of the ICT infrastructure are:
The adoption of ICT solutions make cities more efficient, reduce costs, more sustainable and enhance quality of life.
Evolution of Smart Cities Smart cities are not cities of the future as many of the technologies critical to a Smart City, including monitoring and sensor technologies, intelligent traffic systems, and energy management systems for buildings are available today.
Image Source: www.tianjinecocity.gov.sg
The first meeting of the EU-China Smart City Cooperation kicks off in Guangzhou at the end of May 2013. The objectives are to establish a Smart City expert group, which will undertake a series of joint activities such as collaboration on technical solutions, business models and public services in 10 pilot Smart Cities in both China and the EU. The expert group will conduct an assessment of the pilot cities and jointly issue a China-EU White Paper on a “Smart City cooperation model” in order to promote the model as a standard internationally.
•• An all-IP core network, which creates a converged infrastructure for buildings and ICT systems, and seamlessly integrates wireless and wire-line technologies. •• A broadband (fixed or wireless) access network, which can support advanced services and applications, such as traffic management, building automation, lighting and energy management, security etc.
ICT is usually applied to improve a mix of both public and private smart city services, such as: •• Transportation: Reducing traffic congestion and encouraging the use of public transport by making travel more efficient, secure, and safe. •• Government Services: Delivering new government services in an efficient way.
only as much energy or water as is required while reducing waste The ICT infrastructure and services used to create a Smart City vary significantly from city to city. In general, “greenfield” cities typically require larger ICT projects because they usually involve new builds from scratch. Brownfield cities require an evolution/transformation of existing ICT infrastructure and services.
•• People: Improving the quality and “The adoption of ICT solutions make reducing the costs in educacities more efficient, reduce costs, more tion; increasing sustainable and enhance quality of life.” availability, accuracy in diagnosis and reducing the cost of health care; improving Smart City Challenges public safety by using real-time Whilst there are many advantages information to anticipate and of Smart Cities there are also some responding rapidly to emergencies significant challenges: and threats. •• Financial investment: Smart City •• Businesses: Providing e-business projects require a substantial financial investment, which is particusolutions and ICT infrastructure for larly difficult to do in today’s global firms. financial crisis. •• Resources: Smart grid and renew•• Business Models: To ensure the able energy systems to manage outages, control costs, and deliver right level of financing is avail-
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PDSF News Magazine
able Smart Cities need to adopt an effective business model. Some projects are externally funded through regional banks and investments funds that provide funding for public sector IT. Other projects are public-private partnerships where a vendor, service provider, systems integrators or a real-estate developer invests in the project on a revenue-sharing basis. •• Complexity of how cities are operated, regulated, and planned: The operation of a city is comprised of multiple stakeholders such as Government (e.g. Federal, State, Local, etc.); Regulators; Developers (e.g. Real estate, land, etc.); Owners (e.g. Real estate, transportation);
PDSF News Magazine
Operators (e.g. Building services, utilities, Telco’s, etc.) and Citizens. Smart City projects require consultation, cooperation and buy-in from all stakeholders. •• Privacy and security: Data collected from smart city services such as monitoring and measuring of energy, waste and water networks means that public value can be derived from private data. However, the data must be properly managed to protect citizens’ privacy. •• Technical issues: Smart city services are likely to involve many different and complex ICT technology solutions. In addition, the immaturity of smart city services
智慧城市—城镇化、环境和基础设施
means that there are relatively few technical standards and hence there is a risk that smart city solutions deployed today may need to be replaced to make them interoperable with future systems.
Jeanette Whyte
Cities in both China and Europe will continue to face urban challenges into the foreseeable future and therefore there is a critical need to develop and implement strategies to make cities smarter.
中国 - 欧盟政策对话支持项目二期将 于5月底在广州举办智慧城市项目的第一次 会议。该项目的目标是要成立智慧城市专家 组，进而开展一系列联合活动，如在欧盟和 中国的5-6个智慧试点城市开展关于技术解 决方案、商业模式和公共服务的合作研究。 专家组将对试点城市进行评估并共同发布《 中国-欧盟智慧城市合作模式白皮书》，以 促进智慧城市国际标准模式的发展。
We look forward to providing you with informative reports on the key outcomes from the EU-China Smart City Cooperation project.
本文简要介绍了什么是智慧城市，为 什么智慧城市对中国和欧盟都至关重要。
什么是智慧城市？ 智慧城市的定义虽然有很多，但它们 都有一个共同的特点，即这些定义都强调 充分利用信息和通信技术（ICT）——使 一个城市的关键基础设施组件和服务更加完 善——强化管理、教育、医疗卫生、公共安 全、房地产、交通运输和公用事业——互动 性更高、运转更高效，促进社会、文化和城 市的更快发展。
Image of Taihu New Town in Wuxi City, Source: www.tengbom.se
我们为什么需要智慧城市？
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•• 不断加剧的城镇化：目前，全世界近70亿 人口中，有超过一半的人口居住在城市， 到2050年，这一比例预计会达到69%。 对城市的基础设施构成极大压力。 •• 对环境的影响：城市消耗了75％的世界 能源资源，对生态环境构成破坏的碳排 放量占80%。 •• 对基础设施的要求：城市化率的提高已 经导致能源和水资源短缺、交通拥堵、 废物处置问题和由于基础设施老化所产 生的安全风险。 •• 预算减少：世界经济不景气导致用于公共 服务和公共管理的开支减少。 •• 城市之间的竞争：社会流动性增加导致 城市之间在投资、人才和工作机会方面 的竞争。 使用信息和通信技术（ICT）解决方 案能促使城市运转更有效率，能够降低成 本，发展更具有可持续性，并且能进一步 提高生活质量。
智慧城市的演变 智慧城市并不是指未来的城市，这是因 为对于智慧城市起关键作用的技术包括监测 和传感器技术、智能交通系统、楼宇能源管
理系统等目前都已具备。目前，中国（如天 津东滩生态城、无锡的太湖新城）和欧洲（ 阿姆斯特丹、葡萄牙的普兰尼特谷（PlanIT Valley）、西班牙的马拉加等）均采用了智 慧城市的方法应对城市化的挑战。 智慧城市项目可以是“绿地”项目， 即城市从零开始建设；或“棕地”项目， 即将智慧城市解决方案加装到城市现有的 基础设施之上。
信息通信技术与智慧城市 对一个智慧城市而言，其对信息通信 技术（ICT）的主要需求表现为互联网技 术和互联网服务，如定位服务、物联网、 信用与安全平台等，所有这些技术共用一 个公开平台。 信息与通信技术基础设施建设主要包括 两大主要组成部分： •• 一个全IP的核心网络，由它创建建筑物和 信息与通讯系统（ICT）糅合在一起的通 用平台，并无缝对接无线和有线技术。 •• 可支持先进服务和应用的宽带（固定或 无线）接入网络，如交通管理、楼宇自 动化、照明和能源管理和安全网络等。 信息和通讯技术（ICT）通常用于提高 公共与私营部门的智慧城市服务，比如： •• 交通：减少交通拥堵和鼓励使用公共交 通，使出行更加高效和安全。 •• 政府服务：政府以高效的方式提供新的 服务。 •• 人民：提高生活质量和降低教育成本； 提高医疗服务可用性，诊断的准确性和 降低医疗保健费用；提高公众的安全， 使用实时信息，对紧急情况和威胁做出 预判和快速应对。 •• 企业商务领域：提供电子商务解决方案， 以及为企业提供信息与通讯技术基础设施。 •• 资源：使用智慧电网和可再生能源系统开 展停电管理、控制成本并提供够用的能源 或水资源，减少浪费。 用于创建智慧城市的信息与通信技术 （ICT）基础设施和服务在城际间差异很 大。在一般情况下，“绿地”城市通常需 要建设较大规模的信息与通讯技术（ICT）
项目，这是因为它们通常需要涉及从零开 始建设的新建建筑。而“棕地”智慧城市 仅需对现有的信息与通信技术基础设施进 行升级/改造。
智慧城市所带来的挑战 尽管智慧城市存在着很多的优点，但同 时也会带来一些重大挑战： •• 金融投资：智慧城市项目需要大量投资， 在今天的全球金融危机背景下，这一困难 尤显突出。 •• 商业模式：为了确保筹资水平达到一个 合适的程度，智慧城市需要采取有效的 商业模式。有些公共IT项目可通过区域 性银行和投资基金这些外部渠道获得资 金支持。其它项目则需要公共和私营部门 合作，需要供应商、服务提供商、系统集 成商或房地产开发商在收益共享原则下进 行项目投资。 •• 城市运行、监管和规划的复杂性：一个城 市的运行是由多个利益相关方承担的，如 政府（如美国联邦、州和地方政府等）、 监管单位、开发商（如房地产开发商、土 地开发商等）、业主（如房地产，交通运 输）、运营商（如建筑服务、公用事业和 电信等）和城市公民。智慧城市项目需要 所有利益相关方的共同协商、共同合作和 共同投入。 •• 隐私和安全：从智慧城市服务如能源、废 物和供水网络监测和计量装置收集的数据 意味着私人数据可以产生公共价值。但 是，对这些数据必须要妥善管理，以保 护公民隐私。 •• 技术问题：智慧城市服务可能涉及到许多 不同和复杂的信息与通讯技术（ICT）解 决方案。智慧城市服务的不成熟意味着技 术标准相对缺乏，意味着目前所采纳的智 慧城市解决方案将来有可能需要被替换， 使之与未来的系统兼容。 在可预见的未来，中国和欧洲将会继 续面临城市的挑战，因此迫切需要制定和 实施智慧城市战略，从而使我们的城市更 加智慧。 通过实施中国 - 欧盟政策对话支持项 目，我们期待着为您提供关于智慧城市项 目主要成果的翔实报告。
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PDSF News Magazine
W
ater security is emerging as a significant issue worldwide. Water resources managers are faced with multiple challenges, including a changing climate, growing population and increasing urbanisation. These issues are placed on top of already scarce water resources in many countries. Europe is responding to these issues with initiatives like the Water Framework Directive, which sets a long term water planning framework across Europe and the new Water Blueprint, which aims to increase water security specifically. China has developed a parallel initiative through the implementation of the China No. 1 Policy Document, 2011, on water resources reform. It has committed to spend 4 trillion Yuan on this over the next ten years.
Water Security, a Global Issue Dr. Martin Griffiths
Three Gorges, Yangtze River
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A changing climate is predicted to bring more extreme events in terms of floods and droughts. Population globally is expected to rise from about 7 billion to about 9 billion by 2025. The global movement of people into cities will continue and already in excess of 50% of the world’s population now lives in urban and city environments. Providing water under these scenarios becomes an increasing challenge. On the positive side, this is bringing new ideas, research and innovation into play. This will drive adaptation agendas and flexible approaches to water management capable of dealing with this uncertainty. China has always recognised the crucial role that water plays in rural and urban development. Historic links to water and the focus of cultural development around the major river systems is important to China and influences the approach to water management. Water security for food production sits as a top priority to feed 1.35 billion people. It also recognises the risks of extreme events associated with a changing climate and has experienced the impacts of extreme flood and drought events more than most western societies. Dealing with the pace of development in modern China brings particular challenges and scale. China has already faced a number of severe water shortages, water pollution events and concerns over drinking water and public health as a result of specific incidents. Major events bring focus to our dependence on water. Europe and China have been working together on water management through two major initiatives. Between 2007 and 2012 the EU China River Basin Management Programme developed networks and exchanged technical information. EU experts worked with the Yangtze and Yellow River commissions to offer potential management strategies and options. The current China Europe Water Platform (CEWP) was developed from this and was launched by Chen Lei, Minister of Water Resources for China in March 2012. Its key aim is to promote policy dialogue on water sector reforms and improvements,
A working river, the Yangtze River, Wuhan in winter 冬日武汉长江景色
encourage capacity-building, and technical and business cooperation. The EU-China Policy Dialogues Support Facility (PDSF) is managing the first project under the CEWP. This is a joint project to review a key element of water management, the setting and review of water permits to control water abstraction and effluent discharge. Permits are an essential element of water regulation that underpins water resource protection, and infrastructure development and operation. A project has been developed to review the current practice of water permitting in Europe and China. It will make recommendations for potential improvement of the situation in China and assist in implementation, training and review. Other initiatives under the CEWP include the development of joint research proposals and commercial and business opportunities. We look forward to facilitating close partnership between EU and Chinese experts to bring knowledge and best practice to bear on the crucial issues surrounding water security, in China, Europe and worldwide.
PDSF will organize an event on ‘Water Resources in Sustainable Urbanisation’ as part of the next EU-China Summit to be held in late October 2013. The event will promote the China Europe Water Platform (CEWP) to a wider audience in China and Europe. More details will be provided in the next edition of the PDSF news magazine.
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PDSF News Magazine
水安全 —— 一个全球性问题
EU-China Youth Cooperation
Martin Griffiths 博士
Guoda Lomanaite
T
水
安全问题正在成为一个重要的全球性问题。当前，水资 源管理者面临着气候变化、人口增长和日益城市化等多 重挑战，这些已成为世界上很多国家比水资源缺乏更 为严重的问题。为应对这些挑战，欧洲推出了各种计划，如《欧 洲水框架指令》和新版《水蓝图》。《欧洲水框架指令》制定了 欧洲长期水务规划框架，而新版《水蓝图》则旨在提高水的安全 性。中国政府也采取了相应举措，2011年出台了国务院《关于加 快水利改革发展的决定》的一号文件，承诺在未来10年投资4万 亿元用于水利建设。 预计气候的持续变化将导致更多的洪水和干旱等极端事件。到 2025年，全球人口预计从现在的约70亿上升至约90亿。目前，世 界已有超过50％的人口居住在城市，而且全球性的人口向城市转移 的态势仍将继续。在这种形势下，能否为本国国民提供足够的水源 成为世界各国越来越大关注的问题。从积极方面来看，这将促使新 思路、研究和创新发挥更大作用，也必将推动水务管理应对这种不 确形势的适应性和灵活性的改革。 中国一贯认为水在农村和城市的发展中起着至关重要的作用。 中华民族与水的历史渊源以及围绕主要河流发展起来的文化对中国 来说弥足珍贵，且影响着水资源的管理方式。中国要供养13.5亿人 口，因此粮食生产过程中的用水安全成为重中之重。中国还认识到 与气候变化相关的极端天气的风险，中国所遭受的洪水和干旱等极 端事件的影响超过大多数西方国家。在现代中国，如何协调发展 步伐与水资源管理也面临着特别的挑战和难度。中国已经发生过 一些严重缺水和水污染事件，并因此引发了公众对饮用水和公共 卫生的关注。重大事件的发生使我们不得不重视对水依赖的问题。 中国和欧盟在水资源管理方面一直在共同努力，先后实施了两 个合作项目。2007年至2012年，通过中国 - 欧盟流域管理项目，
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双方合作开发了网络并交流了技术信息。欧盟专家会同长江水利委 员会和黄河水利委员会共同提出了流域潜在的管理策略和选项，目 前正在实施的中国-欧盟水资源交流平台即源于此。该平台于2012 年3月由中国水利部长陈雷批准实施，其主要目标是促进水资源改 革与加强政策对话以及促进中欧间技术和商务合作。 中国－欧盟政策对话支持项目（PDSF）正在为中欧水资源 交流平台（CEWP）框架下的第一个项目提供支持。该项目为合 作研究项目，其目的是研究水资源管理中的一个关键环节，即现 状调查和水资源许可证管理的分析和研究，从而控制取水和污水排 放。许可证管理是水资源监管的基本方法，而水资源监管又是水资 源保护、水资源基础设施开发和经营的基础。正在实施的项目要对 欧洲和中国的取、排水许可状况进行分析研究。该项目将为中国水 资源状况改善提出建议并协助项目执行、培训和审查。中欧水资源 交流平台（CEWP）框架下其他计划包括中欧双方制定联合研究建 议书和商业及商务机会的开发等。
he European Youth Forum (EYF) started a bilateral dialogue with the All-China Youth Federation (ACYF) back in 2004. In 2005, ACYF hosted the Inaugural Conference for Young Political Leaders from Asia and Europe in the frame of the Asia-Europe Meeting (ASEM) Youth Dialogue. The final outcome of the conference (the “Tianjin Declaration”) laid the basis for a more structured co-operation between youth organisations from Europe and China. Bilateral exchanges were boosted by the visit of the European Youth Forum to China in November 2007, where a series of youth meetings were held in parallel to the EU-China Summit 2007. This has been followed up in December 2008 with an EU-China Youth Event in Lyon, which was intended to be held in parallel with the EU-China Summit that was cancelled at the last minute. As an outcome of this last meeting the International Symposium on Community-based youth work development was organised in 2009.
The cooperation culminated in 2011 with an official EU-China Year on Youth. The year had 7 flagship events both in Europe and China as well as hundreds of activities. With a view to further promote and deepen the partnership between Europe and China, the Year of Youth aimed to foster intercultural dialogue and mutual understanding between European and Chinese youth and to encourage their support to the development of the EU-China relations, ensuring a sustainable cooperation beyond 2011. Building upon the success of the previous events and symposiums, the 4th EU-China Symposium on Youth Work Development was held in Beijing, Hunan and Shanghai on 20-27 March 2013. This year the Symposium on Youth Work Development took on the topic of: “The creation and distribution of information in the context of we media/ new media”.
We media/new media takes up an important part in every young persons life nowadays, therefore youth organizations should be able to reach out to and interact with young people through this medium. The Symposium aimed at deepening the dialogue and cooperation between Chinese and European youth representatives/ youth experts, further discussing the potential of we media/new media for better cooperation between Chinese and European youth representatives/ youth experts/youth organizations, and enhancing the ability of Chinese and European youth organizations to use we media/new media to accelerate social development and facilitate youth participation. By providing platform for knowledge sharing and exchange of experience between China and Europe on we media/new media the event gave possibilities to participants to discuss the similarities and differences on the use of we media/new media in
我们期待着欧盟和中国专家密切合作，运用所掌握的知识和 经验，为中国、为欧洲、为世界解决事关水安全的关键问题做出 积极贡献。
第十六次中欧领导人会晤将于2013年10月末 举行。PDSF将借此举行“可持续城镇化中水资源 的有效利用”会议，旨向中国和欧洲更广泛地介 绍中欧水资源交流平台。更多信息敬请关注PDSF 下期项目通讯。
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both regions. Through a range of activities various issues were taken up, especially fruitful were the seminar sessions where both European and Chinese representatives discussed issues on the use of new media by youth organizations for information and networking, the behavior of the users of internet and the tools or recommendations for youth organizations to stay connected, strongly visual, multi-task orientated. The participants complemented the discussions with meetings and visits to organizations, institutions and businesses working in we media/new
PDSF News Magazine
online radio and TV and other means. As well as Tencent company – the one of China’s largest and most used Internet service portal. The company is providing value-added Internet, mobile and telecom services and online advertising under the strategic goal of providing users with “one-stop online lifestyle services”. Tencent’s leading Internet platforms in China are QQ (QQ Instant Messenger), Q.com, QQ Games, Qzone, 3g.QQ.com, SoSo, PaiPai, Tenpay and others.
As well the participants met with the Hunan Provincial Youth Federation and Hunan Youth Development Fund presenting their project Wei Yi (www. “The Symposium aimed at deepening weiyichina.org). the dialogue and cooperation The project aim is to support between Chinese and European youth students in rural areas representatives” through a micro public welfare media field. Starting from a visit to program facilitated online that plays China Youth Net (www.youth.cn) - the the role as a connector between donor largest youth themes portal in China, and the benefitting classes. The visit providing youth services and relevant to Hunan TV gave the participants an information, planning to interact with overview of the different activities and young people on mobile newspapers, the interactive media tools that are
used to engage with viewers and young people, such as their HappyGo ( www. happygo.com) e-commerce projects. Finally a meeting with PPTV - a global video platform for various media such as computers, mobile, tablet, screen tv, - concluded the visits. This particular company was interesting to participants as it does not produce contents, but buys everything from abroad or from other audiovisual production companies and then spreads out this content through its platform(s). The company has created instruments that allow users to follow programs wherever they are and be able to interact with each other on programs followed through interactive tools such as chat and microblogging platform linked to the TV. The 4th EU-China Symposium on Youth Work Development showed that there are a lot of issues and challenges in common for European and Chinese counterparts, especially in developing strategies for making organizations digitally literate, reaching out and interacting with young people. As well the participants put a special emphasis that the existing divide and gap, based on language and possibilities to access both regions tools, should be eliminated.
中欧青年合作 Guoda Lomanaite
欧洲青年论坛（EYF）与中华全国青 年联合会（ACYF）在2004年开始了双边 对话。在亚欧会议青年对话框架下，ACYF 于2005年为来自于亚洲和欧洲的青年政治 领袖举办了首届会议。此次会议的最终成 果（即《天津宣言》）为欧洲和中国青年 组织之间进一步的合作奠定了基础。欧洲 青年论坛于2007年11月对中国进行了访 问，促进了双边交流。2007年中欧峰会期 间举行了一系列青年领域的相关会议。随 后双方于2008年12月在里昂举办了中欧青 年活动，这次活动原计划与中欧峰会同时举 行，但最后被取消。作为这次会议的成果， 双方于2009年共同组织召开了关于社区化 青年组织发展的国际研讨会。
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通过为中欧之间在自媒体/新媒体知识 共享和经验交流方面提供一个平台，本次 活动使参会者有机会讨论中欧在利用自媒 体/新媒体方面的相似性和差异性。通过一 系列的活动，讨论了不同议题，研讨会取 得了丰硕成果，欧洲和中国的代表在研讨 会上讨论了青年组织如何利用新媒体传播 信息和联系、互联网用户的行为以及青年 组织保持联系、具有活力并且承担多任务 的工具或者建议。
在先前项目和研讨会成功举办的基础 上，第四届中欧青年组织发展论坛于2013 年3月20日至27日在北京、湖南和上海举 行。今年青年组织发展论坛的主题是：“自 媒体/新媒体背景下信息的创建和发布”。
除了讨论，参会者还访问了自媒体/新 媒体领域的组织、机构和企业，并与他们 举行了会谈。首先访问了中国最大的青年 主题门户网站-中国青年网 (www.youth. cn），该网站为青年提供服务和信息，并 且计划通过手机报、在线广播电视以及其它 方式与青年人进行交流。随后又访问了腾讯 公司，这是中国规模最大、用户最多的互联 网服务门户网站之一。根据其为用户提供“ 一站式在线生活服务”的战略目标，该公司 一直在提供互联网、手机和电信增值服务以 及在线广告业务。腾讯在中国的主要互联网 平台有QQ即时通讯软件、Q.com、QQ游 戏、Qzone空间、3g.QQ.com、搜搜、拍 拍网、腾讯财付通等。
自媒体/新媒体成为当今每个青年人生 活的重要组成部分，因此青年组织应当通过 这种媒体形式与青年人进行接触和交流。论 坛旨在加深中欧青年代表、青年专家之间的 对话与合作，进一步讨论自媒体/新媒体对 于促进中欧青年代表、青年专家和青年组
参会者还与合作发起了微益项目 （www.weiyichina.org）的湖南省青年 联合会和青少年发展基金会举行了会谈。 微益项目旨在通过一项在线推动的小型公 共福利计划，为捐助人和受益班级建立起 联系，来帮助农村地区的学生。对湖南卫视
2011年是中欧青年交流年，中欧青年 交流活动使双方合作达到了新高度。交流 年在欧洲和中国举行了7个旗舰项目以及数 百项活动。着眼于进一步提升和深化中欧之 间的伙伴关系，青年交流年的目标是促进不 同文化间的对话以及中欧青年之间的相互理 解，鼓励青年人支持中欧关系的发展，确保 双方在2011年后进行持续的合作。
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织之间更好合作的可能性，增强中欧青年 组织利用自媒体/新媒体加快社会发展以及 帮助青年人参与社会活动的能力。
的参访使参会者对用于与观众和青年人交流 的各种活动和交互式媒体工具有了一个大概 的了解，例如“快乐购”(www.happygo. com）电子商务项目。 此次参访的最后一项活动是与 PPTV（上海聚力传媒技术有限公司）的 会谈，PPTV是一个用于计算机、手机、平 板电脑、平板电视等各种媒介的全球性视频 平台。这家公司吸引参会者的地方是其不制 作内容，而是从海外或者其他视听制作公司 购买资源，然后通过其平台发布这些内容。 该公司建立的平台使用户无论身处何处都可 以收看他们的节目，并且通过与电视连接的 聊天和微博平台等交互式工具，在收看节目 时相互交流。 第四届中欧青年组织发展论坛表明欧洲 和中国共同面临着很多问题和挑战，尤其是 在制定青年组织数字技术识别、与青年人互 动的战略方面。参会者还特别强调了应当消 除因语言和访问工具所造成的现有差异。
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PDSF News Magazine
China’s Broadband Development Dr. Thomas Hart
中国宽带发展 Thomas Hart 博士
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国互联网用户数量增长强劲。目前， 中国已经成为世界最大的互联网市 场，2012年第4季度数据显示中国估 计有5.6亿互联网用户。然而，数量的庞大并不 能掩盖其存在的问题，中国的用户距真正能够被 称为宽带信息化社会还有很长的路要走。2013 年年初，中国只有1.75亿互联网用户能够享受 固定线路宽带接入服务，家庭宽带普及率仍然 只有约10.6％，位居世界第34位。农村在线用 户数仅为1.36亿 - 今天，中国仍有很大一部分 人口不能访问互联网。在华东和华南地区，宽 带的发展已经达到饱和，而农村地区宽带的发 展却非常缓慢。目前，仅有20％的中国网络速 度超过2 Mbps，位列全球第78位。 这些数字与运营商宽带接入定价过高、频 繁的假宽带促销和服务商选择范围受限等问题 并存，导致越来越多的用户放弃固网接入，转 而使用移动互联网。在当今移动互联网存在的 情况下，如果用户实际上倾向于使用移动接入 这样容量有限的接入方式，高品质的宽带基础 设施所带来的潜在益处就无法实现。
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nternet use is growing strongly in China, and the country is already the world’s largest internet market, with an estimated 560 million internet users counted in the last quarter of 2012. However, the large numbers cannot obscure the challenge that is still ahead until China’s users can truly be called a broadband-based information society: At the beginning of 2013, only 175 million internet users had fixed line broadband access. Household broadband penetration is still only at ca. 10.6%, ranking it at 34th in the world. Rural online subscribers amounted only to 136 million – today, a large part of the Chinese population still cannot access the Internet at all. In the East and South of the country, broadband development has reached a saturation point, while there is only very slow development in the rural areas. Currently just 20%of China has online speeds of over 2 Mbps, placing it 78th globally. These figures go hand in hand with cases of excessive pricing of broadband access, frequent promotion of false bandwidth by operators and the lack of choice between providers. This
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causes users increasingly to discard their fixed-line access and switch to mobile internet usage. The potential benefit of a high-quality broadband infrastructure cannot be achieved if the users are actually moving towards the more limited possibilities of mobile access, with mobile connectivity available today. For a country in continuous process of economic and social development such as China, the availability of a high-quality communications network infrastructure is vital: for businesses as backbone for their operations; for government as a channel to provide more efficient and citizen-oriented services, and to become more transparent and accessible; for citizens to have available information and communication services that are relevant to their professional and private lives. Especially the strong regional differences in broadband availability and quality constitute a serious impediment for economic and social development. Acknowledging this the Chinese State Council has initiated the development of a National Broadband Develop-
ment Plan, which was drafted in 2012 and will be implemented over the following years. Considerable efforts are underway to find remedies for this infrastructure gap. A universal service for broadband services is under discussion that would guarantee broadband provision for every household. A China Broadband Development Alliance was established to coordinate government efforts with experts’ input. Regulatory measures were taken such as obliging realestate developers to include FttH capability in new housing developments. Supporting the EU-China Information Society Dialogue, the PDSF is involved in these efforts by providing a framework for expert exchange, for example by supporting comparative research on broadband policy in the EU and China and study trips by Chinese government officials, experts, and operators to meet their EU counterparts. The results of these efforts will feed into the Chinese and EU decision-making to tackle the challenge of broadband for all, a backbone for 21st century societies social and economic development.
对于一个像中国这样经济和社会持续发展 的国家而言，拥有一个高品质的通讯网络十分 重要；对企业而言，它是运营的支柱；对政府而 言，它是提供更高效、更人性化服务的渠道，有 了它，政府服务更方便、更透明；对居民而言， 人们从中可获取与其职业和个人生活息息相关信 息和通讯服务。目前互联网所存在的宽带质量和 数量地区间存在的巨大差异对经济和社会发展构 成严重的阻碍。 正是认识到这一点，中国国务院已启动了 《国家宽带发展计划》。该计划草案2012年完 成并将在接下来的几年投入实施。目前，国家 正倾注大量资源和力量试图找到补救宽带基础 设施存在差距的问题。关于宽带服务标准统一 的意见正在讨论中，目的是保证为每一个家庭 都能享受宽带服务。 国家成立了中国宽带发展 联盟，以专家的专业知识来协调政府的力量。政 府已经采取了监管措施促进宽带发展，如规定房 地产开发商在新房建设时必须做到光纤到户等。 中国-欧盟政策对话支持项目（PDSF）积 极参与中国宽带发展工作，通过中国-欧盟信息 社会对话，建立专家交流平台，例如：支持欧盟 和中国宽带政策比较研究，资助中国政府官员、 专家和运营商赴欧考察学习等。宽带是 21世纪 经济和社会发展的重要支撑，宽带发展项目的研 究成果将作为中欧双方制定相关政策的依据，从 而应对宽带发展中所面临的挑战。
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PDSF News Magazine
Agro-Ecological Compensation
农业生态补偿 支持“三农”发展的新举措 梁永红
New Measures to Support Development of “Agriculture, Farmers and Rural Areas” Liang Yonghong
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their economic activities, raising farmers’ income level and improving their living standards, promoting rural reform and development, and shaping a new pattern of urban-rural and industry-agriculture relationships. In general, infrastructure is still backward in China’s vast rural areas, and the problem of a dirty and poor living environment is still serious. The development of agricultural production in China is to a certain extent still based on excessive exploitation of land, water and other resources. China’s rural economy and social development are facing more and more challenges with ever “The new Chinese leadership aims to more depleted give more to farmers and loosen resources, severe ecologic control over their economic activities” degradation and worsening environmental pollution. The agro-ecological comrural development has been regarded pensation policy is an integral part as a major strategic task to accelerof China’s accelerating urbanization ate China’s modernization. The new to encourage industry to support Chinese leadership aims to give more agriculture in return for agriculture’s to farmers and loosen control over hina is now in the process of transforming its traditional agriculture and constructing a modern agriculture system, at a new stage of breaking the rural and urban dual structure to accelerate integrated urban and rural development and a new era when Chinese people can attain a better standard of living and a growing demand for a better environment. In recent years, solving the issues related to “agriculture, farmers and rural areas” has been a top priority for the Chinese government at all levels, and to balance urban and
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earlier contribution to its development, encouraging cities to support the rural areas, not just in agriculture but other rural sectors such as tourism. China’s Jiangsu Province is a major province for livestock and poultry breeding. The livestock and poultry breeding industry is a key industry of agriculture and an important source of income for farmers, but at the same time the pollution from livestock and poultry breeding is also very serious. To solve the contradiction of supply and income security and environment protection, Jiangsu Province has explored the establishment of agro-ecological compensation. Wujin district in Changzhou city in Jiangsu Province is a pilot area supported by PDSF, an experts meeting in Wujin district under the project “China - EU Clean Agricultural Production Technological Practice and Ecological Compensation Policy Research in Response to Climate Change” was held on May 6, 2013.
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中国正处于一个改造传统农业、 建设现代农业的新进程；一个破 除城乡二元结构、加快城乡发展 一体化的新阶段；一个人民生活迈进小康 社会、对美好环境需求日益增长的新时期。 近年来，各级政府将农业、农村、农民等“ 三农”工作作为全局工作的重中之重，把统 筹城乡发展作为又好又快推进实现现代化的 重大战略任务，牢牢把握工业反哺农业、城 市支持农村和多予少取放活这一基本方针， 牢牢铭记提高农民收入水平和生活水平这一 核心任务，推进农村改革发展，着力构建新 型城乡、工农关系，取得显著成效。但总体 而言，广大农村地区基础设施依然薄弱，人 居环境脏乱差现象仍然突出，农业生产发展 从一定程度上是建立在对土地、水等资源超 强开发利用和生产要素过度投入消耗基础上 的，农业乃至农村经济社会发展越来越面临 着资源约束趋紧、生态退化严重、环境污染 加剧等严峻挑战。在当前中国加快推进城市 化的背景下，实施农业生态补偿政策，加大
工业反哺农业、城市支持乡村的力度，促进 农村产业发展，改善农村生态环境，发挥农 业的多功能性，使农村成为宜业、宜居、宜 游俱佳之地，是推进美丽中国建设、实现现 代化的重要举措。 江苏省是畜禽养殖大省，畜禽养殖业 是农业支柱产业，是农民收入的重要来源， 但同时畜禽养殖污染也相当严重。为解决保 供增收和环境保护的矛盾，江苏省积极探索 建立农业生态补偿机制，在规模化畜禽场 污染得到有效治理后，近期又创新建立了 针对小型分散畜禽养殖场的粪污收集服务 体系新模式。 江苏省常州市是中国—欧盟政策对话 支持项目二期的示范点之一。2013年5月6 日，“中国-欧盟应对气候变化的农业清洁 生产技术实践与生态补偿政策研究”第一 次专家在常州市武进区举行。
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PDSF News Magazine
Looking Back Activities from the past year
08/2012 Seminars on Water Resources Management China Europe Water Platform (CEWP), Seminar in Stockholm A high-level seminar in Stockholm was held backto-back with the EU Water Initiative (EUWI) MultiStakeholder Forum at the World Water Week in August last year to launch the China Europe Water Platform (CEWP) with a focus on EU experiences within flood risk security, water supply security, including water financing and ecological security. The CEWP has three pillars: •• Governance: where the CEWP draws on the EU Water Framework Directive and Blueprint as an important element, tying in with China’s No. 1 Document. •• Research cooperation: Both EU and China have programmes in water research that are starting points for cooperation. •• Business cooperation: CEWP can facilitate by providing market analysis and looking into barriers into business in China in the water sector.
中欧水资源交流平台，斯德哥尔摩研讨会 在欧盟水行动计划框架内、作为世界水周多边利益相关方 论坛中的一项活动，斯德哥尔摩高层政策研讨会于2012年8月 举行。此次研讨会重点关注洪水风险安全、供水安全，包括水 融资和生态安全方面。 中欧水资源交流平台的三支柱： •• 政策对话，欧盟水框架指令和水蓝图与中国中央一号文件共 同作为中欧水资源交流平台政策对话的重要指导性文件。 •• 研究合作，中国和欧盟在水领域方面有很多的项目，这些项 目是中欧合作的起点。 •• 商业合作，中欧水资源交流平台有助于市场分析的提供、合 作障碍的调查等。 中欧水平台信息，请点击如下链接
http://naturstyrelsen.dk/International/English/Topics/ China_Europe_Water_Platform
09/2012 China Europe Water Platform (CEWP), Highlevel Dialogue Meeting in Zhengzhou In September 2012, the CEWP held a high-level dialogue meeting in Zhengzhou in Henan Province. Keynote speakers emphasised the common challenges in water management faced by China and Europe and the willingness jointly to address these challenges, pointing to the significance of water for sustainable green growth. •• Minister of Water Resources, Chen Lei, quoted the “Opinions on Implementing the Strictest Water Resources Management System” issued by the State Council in January 2012 as the key strategy for Chinese water management up to 2020. •• Danish Minister for the Environment, Ida Auken, highlighted the partnership approach of the CEWP and the aim to expand the policy dialogue to include both research and the private sector. •• EU Ambassador, Markus Ederer, mentioned the positive impacts cooperation on water have had on relations internally between EU Member States and externally with neighbouring countries expressing the need to engage into collaborative efforts that extend beyond national borders.
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中欧水资源交流平台，郑州高层对话会
EU-China Seminar on Rural Development
中欧水资源交流平台高层对话会于2012年9月在河南郑州 举行。
EU-China Seminar on Rural Development, Tianjin
主题发言中，双方都强调了中欧在水资源管理方面所面临 的共同挑战，表达了对水资源平台的高度重视和水对可持续绿 色增长的重要意义，并表达了希望加强合作、共同应对挑战的 愿望。 •• 中国水利部部长陈雷将国务院2012年1月颁布的“实施最严 格的水资源管理制度的意见”作为中国2020年前水资源管 理的重点战略。 •• 丹青环境大臣伊达﹒奥肯强调了水资源交流平台的合作伙伴 模式和扩大政策对话（包括科研领域和公营领域）的目标。 •• 欧盟驻华大使艾德和指出水资源领域的合作已经对欧盟成员 国和周边国家产生了积极的影响，有些国家已经表达了希望 跨国界合作的意向。 在政策对话环节中，水利部水资源司司长陈明忠重点介绍 了作为最严格水资源管理制度重点内容的水资源控制“三条红 线”，以及实施中国2011年中央一号文件的重要意义。 葡萄牙农业、海洋、环境与土地管理部国务秘书阿方索介 绍了葡萄牙作为欧盟中的一员在过去的二十年中进行的水资源 管理改革所取得的经验。通过水领域的改革，获得安全用水的 人口从50%增加到98%,下水和废水率达到80%，并且在供水 和下水服务中实现了成本的全部回收。 匈牙利地方发展部水利国务秘书科瓦奇介绍了了匈牙利 实施欧盟水框架指令所获得的经验，包括实施中遇到的困难、 取得的成就。匈牙利在2011年4月担任欧盟轮主席国期间出版 的“欧盟发展政策中水资源的作用”一书中对此有详细论述。
A seminar on Rural Development was held in Tianjin in November 2012 as an opening dialogue under the new China-EU Agriculture and Rural Development platform. Main themes from the array of speakers included: •• Conserving environmental resources such as soil, clean water resources and biodiversity whilst developing the rural economy and ensuring food security •• Ensuring the vitality of rural areas and manage population dynamics •• Ensuring the viability and resilience of agricultural systems in the face of external drivers such as climate change pressures and global market economics •• Further research supporting low carbon input systems or forest agricultural systems to enable farmers to generate equivalent net income with lower inputs, costs and impacts, or the development of seed strains for different climatic conditions. •• The need for rural development policies and targeted funding for eco-compensation schemes to have a regional and local base •• The importance of education: farmer- to- farmer practical training at local level has been effective in both EU and China to support national programmes.
中欧农村发展研讨会，天津 In a policy dialogue session, Chen Mingzhong from the Ministry of Water Resources MWR elaborated the “Three Red Lines”, which are the core of the “Strictest Water Resources Management System” and their significance for implementation of the China 2011 No.1 Document. The Portuguese Secretary of State for Agriculture, Environment and Spatial Planning, Pedro Afonsode Paulo, described how, over a period of 20 years, Portugal has reformed its water sector, increased access to safe water from 50% to 98%, coverage of drainage and wastewater treatment to 80%, and in the process achieved full cost recovery of water supply and sanitation services. Péter Kovács, Deputy State Secretary for Water in Hungary, presented the history of EU WFD
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implementation in Hungary, including barriers, difficulties and successes, which culminated in an issue paper on “The Role of Water in EU Development Policy” during the Hungarian EU Presidency in April 2011.
2012年11月，中国-欧盟农村发展研讨会在天津举行，此 次研讨会作为中欧农业和农村发展合作的启动会。会上强调了 强有力的农村经济是整个国民经济的基础，中国和欧盟在农村 发展很多领域可以加强合作。发言人共同关注： •• 在发展农村经济和保障食品安全的同时，保护环境资源（如 土壤、清洁水资源、生物多样性）。 •• 保障农村地区活力和人口流动管理。 •• 应对如气候变化和全球市场经济等外部因素，确保农业系统 的生存和适应能力。 •• 深入研究如低碳输入系统或森林农业系统的潜力，提高农业 抗御能力，使农民在不同气候条件下，通过低投入能够得到 等效净收入。 •• 制定农村发展政策和定向生态补偿计划经费，形成区域和地 方基础。 •• 教育的重要性。农民间的培训在欧盟和中国的地方一级已见 成效，用以支持国家计划。
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12/2012
03–04/2013
Broadband Policy Expert Group
Promoting Green Consumption in Urban Transportation
First Expert Meeting on Broadband Policy, Beijing
11/2012 China-EU Innovation Cooperation Seminar China-EU Innovation Cooperation Seminar, Beijing A China-EU Innovation Cooperation Seminar, titled “Bridging Research and Innovation: from an EU-China Science and Technology Partnership towards a Science, Technology and Innovation partnership” was held in November 2012 in Beijing. 4 subjects were addressed in parallel sessions to identify concrete areas of future cooperation:
The First Expert Meeting on the EU-China Broadband Policy Expert Group was held in December 2012 in Beijing, chaired by the Ministry of Industry & Information Technology (MIIT) officials who noted that broadband development is a common task for the EU and China. MIIT is currently formulating policies and strategies on broadband development. The proposed research will play a vital backing role to the Ministry’s decision-making, while the EU will also gain good experiences through the systematic summary of the research. Agreement was reached as follows first on the outline of the first research report and secondly a proposal for a study tour on Broadband Policy to EU headquarters and selected Member States in mid-2013. A fully-fledged science, technology and innovation collaboration between the two sides.
宽带政策专家研究第一次会议，北京 •• Transport/Urbanisation •• Energy •• Information and telecommunication technologies •• Health More than 120 scholars, officials, experts, representatives and observers from universities, enterprises and EU member state embassies were present, deepening S&T cooperation between China and Europe and to develop the science and technology partnership to a fully-fledged science, technology and innovation collaboration between the two sides.
中欧创新合作研讨会，北京 2012年11月，“中国—欧盟创新合作研讨会结合研究和 创新- 从中欧科技伙伴关系到科技和创新伙伴关系”在北京举 行。 为明确未来合作项目的具体领域，研讨会对以下4个专题 进行了分组会议： •• 交通运输/城镇化 •• 能源 •• 信息与交流技术 •• 健康 来自欧盟成员国驻华使馆和中国政府、大学、科研机构、 企业的专家、学者、代表、观察员等120多人参加了此次研讨 会，旨在深化中欧科技合作，为双方由科技伙伴关系向完善的 科技伙伴和创新合作搭建桥梁。
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中欧宽带政策比较研究第一次专家组会议于2012年12月在 北京召开。工信部领导主持会议，并指出发展宽带是中欧政府 共同面临的重要任务，工信部正在制定宽带发展政策和战略。 此次中欧宽带政策比较研究项目，对于部决策具有重要支撑作 用，相信通过双方专家系统的研究总结，欧方也会获得经验。 此次会议达成以下共识：首先是专家组制定第一份研究报 告的研究提纲，然后是编制拟于2013年中期出行的赴欧盟及成 员国学习考察的项目申请。
03/2013 4th China-Europe Symposium on Youth Work Development 4th China- Europe Symposium on Youth Work Development, Beijing, Hunan, Shanghai The 4th China-Europe Symposium on Youth Work Development was held in March 2013 in Beijing, Shanghai and Changsha, with Cluster Discussions on a range of topics including: Experience Sharing on New Media Development: the Development of We-media in China and Europe; The Impact of We-media Development on Youth Organizations and How Youth Organizations React; How can youth organizations use new media for information networking, participation, debate and campaigning; and The role of new media in China-EU relation and youth cooperation. After the 2-day symposium, European delegates paid visits to local youth federations and local channels in Hunan and Shanghai, and held discussions with practitioners. It is expected that the exchange between the young professionals and the visits at relevant media companies will lead to youth policy recommendations and actions in the area of we media/new media, to be addressed to youth policy makers and civil society stakeholders in China and Europe.
第四届中欧青年组织发展论坛 第四届中欧青年组织发展论坛于2013年3月在北京、上海 和长沙进行，会议议题广泛，包括：新媒体发展经验交流：自 媒体在中国和欧洲的发展状况；自媒体发展对青年组织的影响 及应对；青年组织如何运用新媒体进行信息互联、参与、辩论 和社会运动；如何运用新媒体促进中欧青年和青年组织对话与 合作、推动中欧关系发展。
Special Policy Study on Promoting Urban Green Commuting Kick-off Meeting, Beijing A kick-off meeting was held in March 2013 in Beijing as the first step in the implementation of the EU-China Sectoral Dialogue on Transportation, focusing on Urban Mobility. This policy dialogue stems from commitments made in the Joint Declaration of the EU-China Partnership on Sustainable Urbanization and the 5th EU-China High-Level Dialogue on Transport (HLDT), taking the form of a policy study to establish a policy framework to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of green urban mobility in China, as well as the tools to assess the actual share of green mobility in each urban context. It will consolidate in a set of policy recommendations to be presented to the Chinese State Council. Policy participants and experts in urban mobility delivered a wealth of information on China’s, Europe’s and international recent urban mobility initiatives, the challenges faced and current policy thinking in this domain.
“促进城市绿色出行专题政策研究项目” 启动会，北京 项目启动会于2013年3月在北京召开，此次会议是旨在促 进城市流动性的中欧交通政策对话的第一项活动。中欧交通政 策对话则源于中欧可持续城镇化合作伙伴联合声明和第5届中欧 交通高层对话（HLDT）所做出的承诺。此次政策对话拟通过 政策研究来建立政策框架、提高中国城市绿色出行的有效性和 效率；同时还要着力开发评估工具，用来评估不同市况下绿色 出行的实际比例。政策研究的成果将是提供给中国国务院的政 策建议。 从事城市出行管理的决策人员和有关专家介绍了中国、 欧盟以及国际上其它国家在城市绿色出行方面的先进经验和作 法，所面临的困难和挑战以及当前的政策思考。
在北京进行了为期2天的论坛后，欧洲青年代表赴上海和湖 南参访当地媒体和电视台，并与当地青年代表进行了座谈。 此次青年代表的交流、访问希望可以提出新媒体/自媒体领 域的政策建议和行动纲要，并有助于中欧青年政策的制定。
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EU-China Policy Dialogues Support Facility www.eu-chinapdsf.org
The EU-China Policy Dialogues Support Facility II is a project financed jointly by the European Union and the Government of the People's Republic of China, implemented by a consortium led by Grontmij A/S. This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union. The content is the sole responsibility of Grontmij A/S and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union. 本项目由中国和欧盟共同资助,由以Grontmij A/S (荷隆美公司)为首的咨询机构实施。 本出版物得到欧盟资助,出版物内容由Grontmij A/S(荷隆美公司)全权负责,不代表欧盟立场。