9789612716714

My name is I am in Class The name of my school is My English teacher is My address is

Date

STEP 1

1 1

There is/There are

14a

Complete the sentences with There’s or There are. Then match the sentences with the places in the box.

Dopolni povedi s There’s ali There are. Poveži jih s kraji iz okvirja.

Australia

London

the USA

San Francisco

1 People speak English and French here.

New York

There are

3 This is a very big country in the south Pacific.

only 20 million people.

4

a famous bridge here, called the Golden Gate Bridge.

5

50 states. My favourite is California.

6

a big clock called Big Ben.

can/can’t

10a

Complete the sentences. Use can or can’t with the verbs in the box.

Dopolni povedi. Uporabi can ali can’t in glagole iz okvirja.

walk

swim

1 Martin

swim

spell

fly

can’t

jump

speak

2 The tourist

.

3 Amy

4 Emma

English.

nearly two metres.

3 5 Tom

6 In her dream, Kelly

. ‘powerful’.

2

Canada

7 million French speakers.

a big park called Central Park.

2

2

Canada

Module 1

on her hands.

Word work Odd one out Which word is the odd one out?

Poišči vsiljivca.

1 2 3 4 5 6

phone tree large city swim sport run fly bats aeroplanes tarantulas balloons eyes spiders wings knees cup coffee juice tea cheetah owl lion penguin

4

have got

9a

Complete the sentences. Use have/haven’t got or has (’s)/ hasn’t got with the words in the box. / Dopolni povedi. Uporabi have/haven’t got ali has (‘s)/hasn’t got in besede iz okvirja.

a CD player a ticket a cold a lot of homework a racket

3 Jill and Ann can listen to music in

2 Susan can’t go to the concert

bed because they

because she

in their room.

.

1 I can’t play tennis because I

haven’t got a racket .

he

5

5 Sam and Ella can watch television

4 Steve can’t go to school because

.

this evening because they

Reading AfriCat

.

Read the text about the AfriCat Centre. Are sentences 1–8 true or false?

Preberi besedilo o Centru AfriCat. Ali so povedi 1–8 pravilne (true) ali napačne (false)?

1 Namibia is a country in southwest

A

frica’s ‘big cats’ (cheetahs, leopards and lions) are in danger.

The AfriCat Centre wants to help them. The centre is in Namibia in southwest Africa. There’s a hospital for the animals, and there’s an education centre too.

In Namibia the big cats are a problem because they sometimes kill farm animals.

The farmers often try to catch them or kill them.

A lot of tourists go to Namibia because they want to see the big cats. Tourism is important for this part of Africa. This is another reason why AfriCat wants to protect the wild animals there.

Schoolchildren from all over Namibia visit the AfriCat Centre. They meet the cheetahs, leopards and lions and they learn about the importance of helping Africa’s wildlife. They try to find an answer to the question ‘How can the big cats and Namibia’s farmers live together?’

True.

Africa.

2 In danger means ‘dangerous’.

3 The people at AfriCat want to save

Namibia’s cheetahs, leopards and lions.

4 The people at AfriCat want to kill

farm animals.

5 Namibia’s big cats are a problem

because they kill farmers.

6 The big cats aren’t good for tourism.

7 The people at AfriCat meet a lot of

Namibia’s schoolchildren.

8 ‘How can the big cats and Namibia’s

farmers live together?’ This is a difficult question.

6

Extension Your room In your notebook write a description of your room.

Use There’s/There are and I’ve/We’ve got or I/We haven’t got. Write at least four sentences.

V zvezek napiši opis svoje sobe. Uporabi There’s/There are in I’ve/We’ve got ali I/We haven’t got. Napiši vsaj štiri povedi.

My room is quite small. There’s a ...

I share the room with my brother.

We’ve got ….

Unit 1

messages 2 DZ notranje_popravki.indd 2

3

21. 11. 13 14:50

STEP 2

1

Key vocabulary Expressing opinions Read the sentences and then give your opinion.

Use I agree/I don’t agree and I think/I don’t think.

Preberi povedi in napiši svoje mnenje. Uporabi I agree/I don’t agree in I think/I don’t think.

1 Matt doesn’t think mobile phones are necessary.

I don’t agree. I think they’re very useful. or I agree. I don’t think they’re necessary.

2 Ben thinks maths is boring.

3

Listening For and against Listen to Paul and Anna talking about the new sports centre in their town. Circle the right answer: a, b or c.

Poslušaj pogovor med Paulom in Anno. Govorita o novem športnem centru v svojem kraju. Obkroži pravilen odgovor: a, b ali c.

1 Paul doesn’t think the sports centre is a expensive. b very good. c new.

3 Sadie doesn’t think history is interesting.

2 Anna and Paul a agree. b have got the same opinion. c don’t agree.

4 Lisa thinks Manchester United is the best team in Europe.

3 Paul doesn’t like a the swimming pool. b basketball. c tennis.

5 Joe doesn’t think computer games are very interesting.

4 Paul thinks the town needs a a skate park. b a skateboard. c a sports centre.

5 How many ball games do Paul and Anna

talk about? a Four. b Five. c Two.

6 Jack thinks mushrooms are delicious.

2

Vocabulary revision Adjectives Complete the crossword with adjectives. / Dopolni križanko s pridevniki.

2

1

5

3

4

Across 5 It’s very sunny. The sky’s blue. It’s a day. (9 letters) 6 The opposite of serious. (5) 7 This word means ‘really good’ and it also begins with g. (5)

B

Down 6

7

4

Module 1

1 2 3 4 5

Everyone likes Sadie. They always say, ‘Sadie’s This word means ‘very bad’. (5) This word describes James Bond films. (8) This word means ‘really fantastic’. (9) The opposite of interesting. (6)

.’ (4)

4

Object pronouns: him/her/it/them

25a, 25b, 25c, 25d

Write sentences. Use the words in the box + him, her, it or them.

Napiši povedi. Uporabi besede iz okvirja + him, her, it ali them.

I like (x 2)

1

Can I speak to

I can’t find

Where are my glasses?

2

You can have this T-shirt.

3

What do you think of my new trainers?

5

I’ve got a message for Mr Grant.

6

What do you think of the pizza?

I can’t find them.

4

I never wear

I don’t like

This is Ms Dynamite.

5

Extension Giving your opinion Write your opinion about at least three things/people. You can write about the things/people in the box or you can choose others.

Napiši svoje mnenje o vsaj treh stvareh/osebah. Lahko pišeš o stvareh/osebah iz okvirja ali pa izbereš druge.

the food in the school canteen the Harry Potter films computer games geography Real Madrid rap music

I don’t think the Harry Potter films are very good.

Unit 1

5

STEP 3

1

Key vocabulary Interests and activities What are their interests? Match the people with the words in the box. / Kaj jih zanima? Poveži ljudi

2

like/enjoy/hate + -ing

11a

Make sentences. / Tvori povedi.

1 what / Ben / like / do?

z besedami iz okvirja.

What does Ben like doing? computer games swimming meeting friends horror films using the Internet going shopping athletics going out

2 Matt / enjoy / read / astronomy magazines.

3 Sadie / not like / watch / football on TV.

4 Joe / hate / get up / on Monday morning.

5 Kate / like / live in Bristol?

I see Jack and Helen every Saturday. We sit in a café and talk.

1

meeting friends

What are the shops like here?

3

2

Personal questions Complete the questions. / Dopolni vprašanja.

1 You want to know where someone lives.

Where do you

live?

2 You want to know someone’s mobile number.

3

your mobile number?

I’ve got Voices in the night on video. It’s really scary. I love it!

It’s great. They’ve got a new 50-metre pool at the sports centre.

3 You want to know if someone can speak Italian.

Italian?

you

4

4 You want to know what sort of food someone likes.

you like?

5 You want to know if someone has got any brothers.

brothers?

6 You want to know what someone’s favourite

5

subjects are.

I can run 100 metres in 12.5 seconds.

It’s called Megatron.

Do you want to play it?

your favourite subjects?

6

4

Extension Can I ask you some questions?

Write at least three more personal questions.

Napiši vsaj še tri osebna vprašanja.

What’s your favourite sport?

Do you like swimming?

I hate staying at home in the evening.

7

6

Module 1

I’ve got a website now.

It’s www.tomsharp.co.uk.

8

Nivojski pouk

1

Find the animals in the wordsquare then match them to the descriptions. / Poišči živali v besednem kvadratu in jih poveži z opisi.

3

napiši T (true = pravilno), F (false = napačno) ali ? (odgovora ni v besedilu).

1 It can be big or small. It hasn't got legs. It lives in rivers

Fish

and seas. It can swim.

Read the text about Tom. Then read the sentences and write T (true), F (false) or ? (the answer isn’t in the text). / Preberi besedilo o Tomu. Nato preberi trditve in

Tom's twelve. He lives in a flat in Leeds with his parents and his sister. His dad's a teacher and his mum's a nurse. His favourite subjects are maths and PE. He can run very fast. He's good at football and basketball, but he can't play tennis. His favourite food is pasta. He loves spaghetti. He likes reading in bed at night. He's got a mobile and he sends text messages to his friends every day. His friends go bowling every weekend but he never goes with them because he hates bowling. He often goes to the cinema with his sister on Saturday.

2 It lives on the ground. It hasn't got legs. It eats insects or small animals. It can be dangerous.

3 It's big and heavy. It lives in Africa and Asia. It's grey.

It’s got big ears.

4 It can run very fast. It's got very powerful legs. You can ride it.

5 It’s yellow and it’s got brown spots. It's got a long neck and long legs.

6 It’s a bird. It’s got big eyes. It can see at night.

It eats mice.

Q

C

Y

G

T

H

K

P

O

G

W

F

I

S

H

A

Y

B

I

G

Z

M

N

N

I

K

F

R

D

H

S

E

I

A

X

J

3 He can't run fast.

A

X

O

W

L

S

T

K

R

4 His dad likes football.

F

B

R

V

C

A

Q

F

E

F

G

S

O

I

K

W

T

E

E

L

E

P

H

A

N

T

M

I

P

Q

J

U

B

N

W

D

F

1 Tom's thirteen years old.

2 He lives in Leeds with his parents and his sister.

5 Tom eats spaghetti every day.

6 He reads in bed at night.

2

Complete the sentences. Circle: a, b or c.

7 He likes going bowling.

4

Complete the text with the words in the box.

Dopolni besedilo z besedami iz okvirja.

great plays

Dopolni povedi. Obkroži a, b ali c.

1

you swim? a Have

2 I like a watch 3 There a is 4 I a don't 5 A snake a can 6 Tom a has

b Is

c Can

TV. b watching c watches about 7 million people in London. b are

c has

like music. b 'm not

c isn't c isn't

got a brother and a sister. b have

got don't wear reading likes

are

25 students in our class.

Our teacher’s name is Mrs Robinson.

She’s 2

. She’s tall and she’s

3

glasses. We 4

a school

uniform. It’s green and yellow. I 5

science

and English but my friend Loren 6

music

and art. She

7

the piano. My friend Robert

loves PE. He plays volleyball for a local club. We all

walk. b can't

There 1

are like

enjoy 8

magazines but we 9

like maths very much.

c is

Nivojski pouk − Unit 1

7

5

Complete the table about you. Tell your friend. Then listen and write your friend’s information. / Dopolni preglednico zase. Pripoveduj prijatelju/prijateljici o stvareh iz preglednice. Nato ga/jo poslušaj in preglednico dopolni še zanj/-o.

7

Read the text about Tom in Exercise 3 on page 7 in the Workbook. Then look for a mistake in each sentence. Underline the mistake and correct it.

Preberi besedilo o Tomu v 3. nalogi na 7. strani v delovnem zvezku.

Poišči napako v vsaki povedi. Podčrtaj jo in popravi.

I live in Kranj. I’ve got a sister.

My favourite school subjects are science and maths. I can swim.

1 Tom lives in a flat in London.

Leeds 2 His dad isn't a teacher.

you

your friend

address

3 Tom can’t run very fast.

telephone number

4 His favourite food is pizza.

family pets

5 He reads books in bed in the morning.

favourite school subjects abilities (can)

6

6 He sends emails to his friends every day.

7 His parents go bowling every weekend.

The sentences describe animals. Complete the names.

Spodnje povedi opisujejo živali. Dopolni njihova imena.

8 He often goes bowling with his friends.

1 It’s yellow and has got black spots. It can run very fast.

It lives in Africa and Asia. It eats meat. c heetah 2 It’s small and black. It’s got eight legs with red knees.

It eats insects. t 3 It lives in a cave. It's got wings. It finds food at night.

It can’t see very well.

8

Put the words in the right order and make sentences.

Postavi besede v pravilen vrstni red in napiši povedi.

1 the / of / Washington / capital / is / USA / the

Washington is the capital of the USA. 2 seven / people / there / in / million / London / are

b 4 It lives in the sea. It can swim very fast. It’s very

3 like / don't / very / I / spiders / much

intelligent. It lives in groups. d

4 don’t / the / I / cheese / in / eat / morning

5 It’s big and black. It lives in the forest. It can climb trees.

It lives in groups.

5 your / sport / favourite / what / ’s ? ?

g 6 It’s a bird. It’s black and white. It can’t fly but it can

6 our / you / teacher / what / think / do / new / of ? ?

swim. It lives in the Antarctic. p 7 It lives in the sea. It’s got eight long arms. o

8

Module 1 − Nivojski pouk

7 tonight / you / homework / have / any / got ? ?

9

Complete the text with the words in the box.

There’s one extra word. / Dopolni besedilo z besedami iz okvirja. Ena beseda je odveč.

11

Read the descriptions of animals and complete the crossword. / Preberi opise živali in reši križanko.

Across

hate great like got think singing wear reading likes don’t plays trains are is

2 It’s a big animal. It lives in Africa. It’s got a very long neck and long, thin legs. (7)

There

are

1

25 students in our class: fifteen

4 It’s black or brown. It likes bananas. It’s very

boys and ten girls. Our teacher’s name is Mrs Robinson.

She’s

2

5 It lives in the sea. It’s got lots of teeth. It’s big

. She’s tall and she’s

3

glasses. We

4

uniform. It’s green and yellow. I

science

and English but my friend Loren

6

music

7

and dangerous. (5)

a school 5

and art. She

intelligent. It can understand sign language. (10)

6 It’s a large animal. It’s black or brown. It eats fish.

It can be dangerous. (4) 7 It’s a bird. It’s got big eyes. It can see in the dark.

the piano. She also likes

8

It lives in the forest. (3)

. She sings in our school band.

I9

they’re fantastic. My friend Robert

Down

plays volleyball for a local club. He 10 every day after school. He We all enjoy 13

12

11

1 It’s black and white. It lives under the ground.

very good.

You can only see it at night. (6)

magazines but we

3 It’s a large spider. It lives in Mexico. It eats

like maths very much.

insects. (9)

10

4 It’s yellow with black spots. It can run very fast.

Look at page 13 in the Student's Book. Write at least five questions about Tiffany. Can your friend answer them? Then answer your friend’s questions.

It lives in Africa and Asia. (7)

Oglej si 13. stran v učbeniku. Napiši vsaj pet vprašanj o Tiffany. Ali zna sošolec/sošolka odgovoriti nanje? Nato odgovori na njegova/njena vprašanja.

1 2

A: Where does Tiffany live?

B: She lives in New York.

G I R A F F E

3 4

5 6

7

Nivojski pouk − Unit 1

9

12

Read the text about Tom in Exercise 3 on page 7 in the Workbook. Answer the questions.

Preberi besedilo o Tomu v 3. nalogi na 7. strani v delovnem zvezku in odgovori na vprašanja.

1 How old is Tom?

5 Has he got a mobile?

He's twelve.

13

14

2 Where does he live?

6 What’s his favourite food?

3 Can he run fast?

7 Does he like reading?

4 Which sports is he good at?

8 Is there anything he doesn’t like?

Make questions for the answers.

Napiši vprašanja danim odgovorom.

1

Where do you live?

I live in Portsmouth.

2

No, I haven't got any brothers or sisters.

3

Yes, I do. I like cats, dogs and rabbits.

4

My favourite sport is tennis.

5

Yes, I can. I play tennis every day.

6

I think Rafael Nadal is great.

Work with a friend. Choose four words from the box and give your opinion.

Delo v paru. Iz okvirja izberi štiri stvari in povej svoje mnenje.

maths

football

horror films

cartoons

A: I think maths is interesting.

15

spiders

tennis

B: I don’t agree. I don’t like maths very much.

Choose at least one city and write about it. Use the information from the box.

Izberi vsaj eno mesto in napiši nekaj o njem. Uporabi dane iztočnice.

New York

Central Park/trees, Broadway, 8 million people, noisy, big, dangerous, good restaurants

Mexico City

13 million people, dangerous/night, nice food, good music, busy

London

7 million people, interesting museums, red buses, the Tube, the Queen/Buckingham Palace

Ljubljana

300,000 people, the Ljubljanica river, university, Ljubljana Castle, Tivoli Park

New York is a big city. There’s a park called ...

10

science

Module 1 − Nivojski pouk

Date

At the end of Unit 1, I can: Na koncu 1. poglavja znam:

Easy ●

. I don’t think it’s

What do you think of

? I like

. (it/him/her/them).

agree and disagree / se strinjati ali nasprotovati

I agree. / I don’t ●

Difficult

give my opinion / izraziti svoje mnenje

I think it’s ●

Not bad

. I agree

you.

talk about things I like and don’t like govoriti o stvareh, ki jih imam rad/-a, in tistih, ki jih ne maram

●

I like

.

I don’t like

.

give details about myself / povedati podatke o sebi

My address is

.

I’ve got

.

I can

.

My favourite subject at school is ●

.

ask about people’s interests / vprašati, kaj ljudi zanima

Do you like What’s your favourite What sort of

? Can you

?

? do you like?

Adjectives

Interests and activities

funny

computer games

stupid

going out

Unit 1 was interesting

quite interesting

not very interesting

Unit 1

11

2 STEP 1

1

Present simple: He lives …

1a, 1c

Complete the sentences. Use the right form of the verbs in the box. / Dopolni povedi s pravilno obliko glagolov iz okvirja. live

have got

play

fly

go

snow

ALASKA Anchorage

1 Dan

lives

in Alaska.

2 It

a lot in Alaska.

3 Dan

to school

on a skidoo.

4 At weekends he

5 His dad

2

Present simple: negative

6 He

to Anchorage

every week.

1a

Complete the text about Dan and his family. Use don’t or doesn’t with the verbs.

Dopolni besedilo o Danu in njegovi družini. Uporabi don’t ali doesn’t in glagole v oklepajih.

Dan 1

doesn’t enjoy (enjoy) the winter in Alaska. He 2

long nights. It 3

Their parents 5 6

Module 1

(like) the short days and the

(snow) every day, but it’s always very cold. The summer is different. It’s

never really dark, so Dan and his brother 4

12

a

small plane.

basketball.

(go) to bed before twelve o’clock at night.

(care) because the boys are on holiday. In the summer Dan (go) to school for three months!

3

Reading Antarctica Read the text about Antarctica. Then read the sentences and write T (true), F (false) or ? (the answer isn’t in the text). / Preberi besedilo o Antarktiki. Nato preberi povedi in jih označi s T (true = pravilno), F (false = napačno) ali ? (podatka ni v besedilu).

1 Antarctica is in South America.

T

o the south of South America, there’s a cold and empty continent: Antarctica. There aren’t any roads or towns, but there are several research stations. About 4,000 scientists from all over the world work there for short periods.

No one lives in Antarctica all the time — only millions of penguins!

The weather is always cold and windy. In June (Antarctica’s winter) the temperature at the Vostock Research Station is –60°C, and it’s dark all the time.

In January (Antarctica’s summer) the temperature is about –18°C, and it’s light all the time.

Antarctica has got mountains, volcanoes and fantastic wildlife.

4

F

2 There are roads between the

research stations.

3 Scientists study the penguins

in Antarctica.

4 It never rains in Antarctica, but it

snows a lot.

5 When it’s winter in Europe, it’s

summer in Antarctica.

6 People at the research stations

don’t work in June, because it’s –60°C. Every year thousands of tourists visit the continent. Some people are worried. They don’t want a lot of tourists in this wild and beautiful place.

7 It’s completely dark at night

in the Antarctic summer.

8 The Antarctic is wild and beautiful,

but tourists don’t want to go there.

5

Present simple: questions 1b and short answers Complete the questions and write the short answers.

Dopolni vprašanja in napiši kratke odgovore.

Extension In the evening What do you and your friends or family do in the evening? Write at least four sentences. / Kaj počneš s prijatelji ali z družino ob večerih? Napiši vsaj štiri povedi.

These people work at a research station in the Antarctic. Here are the languages they speak.

Marie Luís Adriana Jamal

1

Does

English

Spanish

French

Arabic

✔ ✔ ✔ ✔

✘ ✔ ✘ ✘

✔ ✘ ✔ ✔

✔ ✘ ✘ ✔

Luís speak English?

✘ ✔ ✔ ✘

Yes, he does.

2

Adriana speak Spanish?

3

Luís and Adriana speak Arabic?

4

Jamal speak Spanish and Italian?

5

Marie speak Arabic?

6

they all speak English?

7 What about you?

Italian

Carlos and I play cards. My dad does the crossword in the newspaper.

you speak English?

Unit 2

13

STEP 2

1

Key grammar Frequency adverbs

22a

a Put the frequency adverbs in the right order. Start with the opposite of never.

Uredi prislove pogostosti v pravilen vrstni red. Začni z nasprotjem od never.

sometimes

never

often

1

always

usually

2

3

4

5

never

b Complete the sentences with frequency adverbs. / Dopolni povedi s prislovi pogostosti.

1

I

2

I

3

Susie

2

wear jeans at school.

always

go out on Saturday evening.

4

I

plays computer games.

5

Dave

Frequency adverbs: word order

argue with my friends. uses a mobile phone.

22b

Put the words in the right order and make sentences. / Uredi besede v pravilen vrstni red in napiši povedi.

I never go swimming.

1 never / go / I / swimming 2 music / often / to / listen / I 3 tidy / sister / my / often / room / her / doesn’t 4 always / she / baseball / a / does / cap / wear ?

5 parents / my / always / about / worry / me 6 hungry / my / is / brother / always 7 usually / breakfast / you / what / have / for / do ?

8 friends / pessimistic / usually / my / aren’t

3

Listening Megan and her mobile a

Listen to Megan. How often does she do each activity? Put a tick (✔) in the right box.

Poslušaj Megan. Kako pogosto počne vsako dejavnost? Vpiši kljukico v pravilen okvirček.

always 1 She sends text messages.

often ✔

2 She talks to Emma before she goes to bed.

3 She uses the computer for her homework.

4 She writes two or three emails a day.

5 She plays computer games.

b Write complete sentences about Megan. / Napiši cele povedi o Megan.

1

She often sends text messages.

2 3 4 5

14

Module 1

usually

sometimes

never

4

Key vocabulary 21

Expressions of frequency

Complete the questions. Then write the answers.

Use the words in the box. / Dopolni vprašanja. Nato nanje odgovori z besedami iz okvirja.

once twice three times

a

5

Word work Sport Make sentences. Use the words in the box.

Tvori povedi. Uporabi besede iz okvirja.

go play

swimming rollerblading basketball volleyball

running

bowling

day week year

1 ROSIE: I see my grandparents every Sunday.

A:

How often does Rosie see her grandparents?

B:

Once a week.

1 Tom / once a week

2 KATE: I wash my hair on Sunday, Wednesday and

Friday. often does Kate wash her hair?

A:

2 Nick / every day

Tom goes swimming once a week.

B:

3 SIMON: We go on holiday in February and in

August. do Simon and his family

A:

go on holiday?

B:

3 Kirsty / not often

4 Ruth / twice a week

5 Luke and Fiona / after

6 Alex and John / on

4 CHARLIE: I have a shower when I get up and before

I go to bed.

Charlie have a shower?

A: B:

5 SARAH: I stay with my cousin every summer.

A:

stay with her cousin?

B:

school

6

Saturday

Extension How often?

Write sentences about a very energetic person.

Use always, every day, three times a week, etc.

Napiši povedi o nekom, ki počne zelo veliko stvari. Uporabi always, every day, three times a week itd.

Fabio runs to work every day. He usually goes to the gym four times a week.

Unit 2

15

Več o devetletni šoli najdete na naslovu www.devetletka.net.

Noel Goodey, Diana Goodey and David Bolton

Messages 2 Delovni zvezek za pouk angleščine v 7. razredu osnovne šole Uredila: Petra Bizjak Direktor produkcije: Klemen Fedran Izdala in založila: Založba Rokus Klett, d. o. o.

Za založbo: Maruša Kmet Oblikovanje in prelom: David Guček Tisk: Grafostil, d. o. o.

2. izdaja: 1. ponatis Naklada: 5.000 izvodov Ljubljana, 2015

MESSAGES 2 DZ 2015 notranjost 102-112.indd 11

24/03/15 09:24