ikB&5 CykWd fizafVax dh rduhd (BLOCK PRINTING TECHNIQUE) lajpuk 5-0 5-1
mÌs’; ifjp;
5-2 5-3
vko’;d lkexzh rFkk VwYl fizaV ds fy, isLV cukuk
5-4
CykWd fizafVax dh rduhd
5-5 5-6
MkbZax rFkk fizafVax dh fQfDlax djuk CykWd fizafVax ds ykHk rFkk lhek,as 5-6-1 CykWd fizafVax ds ykHk 5-6-2 CykWd fizafVax dh lhek,as
5-7
oSY;w ,fM’ku
5-8
nRr dk;Z 5-8-1 d{kk dk;Z 5-8-2 x`g dk;Z
5-9
lkjka’k
5-10 Lo;a tk¡p iz’uksa ds lEHkkfor mRrj 5-11 vH;klkFkZ iz’u 5-12 lanHkZ ,oa v/;;u ;ksX; iqLrdsa 5-13 'kCnkoyh
5 CykWd fizafVax dh rduhd (BLOCK PRINTING TECHNIQUE) ikB pkj esa geus CykWd fizafVax rduhd dh ,sfrgkfld i`"BHkwfe rFkk VsDLVkby fMt+kbfuax rduhd ds eq[; :i ls iz;ksx djus ds fo"k; dk v/;;u fd;kA geus CykWd cukus dh fof/k dk v/;;u fd;kA fofHkUu izdkj ds CykWd rFkk mudks iz;ksx esa ykus dh fof/k dk Hkh laf{kIr :i esa o.kZu fd;k x;kA bl ikB esa ge tkusasxs fd ;g rduhd okLro esa diM+s ij fMt+kbu cukus ds fy, dSls iz;ksx esa ykbZ tkrh gSA bl bdkbZ ds vafre rFkk rhljs v/;k; esa ge fizafVax ds igys rFkk ckn esa fd;s tkus okys mipkjksa dk v/;;u djsaxs tks mRre fizafVax esa lgk;d gksaxsA
5-0
mÌs’; (Objectives)
bl v/;k; dk v/;;u djus ds i’pkr~] vki ;g tkudkjh izkIr dj ldsaxs% • • • • •
5-1
CykWd fizafVax ds fy, vko’;d lkexzh rFkk VwYl CykWd fizafVax dh rduhd fizafVax ds fy, dyj isLV rS;kj djuk CykWd fizafVax ds ykHk rFkk lhek,¡ CykWd fizafVax }kjk xq.koRrk c<kuk
izLrkouk (Introduction)
eq[; :i ls CykWd fizafVax esa ydM+h ls cus CykWd dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gS ftl ij fMt+kbu dVk ;k [kqnk ;k dHkh dHkh LVSEi dh Hkk¡fr yxk gksrk gSA [kqnh gqbZ lrg ij jax yxkdj fMt+kbu dks NikbZ djus okyh lrg ij LVkEi dh Hkk¡fr yxk;k tkrk gSA bl ikB esa okLrfod fizafVax rduhd ij fopkj fd;k tk;sxkA blesa vko’;d Vwy rFkk fizafVax lkexzh MkbZ isLV cukuk] fMt+kbu dks diM+s ij xgjh :ijs[kk esa fizaV djuk] CykWd fizafVax ds ykHk rFkk lhek,¡ lfEefyr gSa ydM+h ds CykWd ¼fp= 5-1½ dks iz;ksx esa ykus rFkk fMt+kbu dks diM+s ij Nkius dh izfØ;k dks n’kkZ;h x;h gSA
fp= 55- 1 ydM+h dk CykWd
5-2
vko’;d lkexzh ,oa VwYl (Materials and Tools Required) ydM+h ds CykWd }kjk fizafVax ds fy, fuEufyf[kr lkexzh ,oa VwYl dh vko’;drk gksrh gS% 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
ydM+h dh est ftldk VkWi iksfy’k fd;k gks ;k luekbZdk yxk gksA Åuh diM+k ¼fp= 5-2½%& est+ dh VkWi dks doj djus ds fy, rFkk fLFkj yphyh lrg cukus ds fy, iz;ksx esa yk;k tkrk gSA twV dk diM+k%& ;g est ij vk/kkj cukus ds fy, iz;qDr gksrk gS ¼fp= 5-3½A pEep%& cM+k pEep iSM ij jax Mkyus ds fy, Qkse 'khV%& ;g jaxksa ds iSM cukus ds fy, iz;qDr gksr k gSA VwFk cz’k%& CykWDl dks lkQ djus ds fy, Vªs ;k Fkkyh%& jax rFkk Qkse 'khV j[kus ds fy, iz;ksx esa ykbZ tkrh gSA
fp= 55- 2 Åuh dEcy
5-3
fp= 55- 3 twV dk diM+k
fizaV ds fy, fy, isLV rS;kj djuk (Print Paste Formulation)
CykWd fizafVax rFkk LØhu fizafVax ds fy, isLV fixesaV dyj ;k MkbZt+ ds iz;ksx ls cuk;s tkrs gSaA fiXesaV }kjk cukbZ xbZ MkbZ CykWd fizafVax ds fy, cgqr mi;qDRk gksrh gS rFkk bl izdkj cukbZ xbZ MkbZ dk o.kZu ikB&14 esa fd;k tk;sxk blfy, ;gk¡ iqu% ugha nksgjk;k tk;sxkA fj,fDVo MkbZt+ ij vk/kkfjr MkbZ cukus ds fy, fuEufyf[kr fof/k gS tks LØhu fizafVax ds fy, Hkh iz;ksx esa ykbZ tk ldrk gSA fofHkUu rRo uhps nh xbZ ek=kv¨a ds vuqlkj gksus pkfg,A fj,fDVo MkbZ ¼'ksM ds xk<+siu ds vuql kj½ xeZ ikuh ¼700&800 c½ jsftLV lkYV ¼gYdk vkWDlhmkbftax rRo½ ;wfj;k ¼jax ?kqyus esa lgk;d½ • lksfM;e ckbZ&dkcksZusV ;k lksfM;e dkcksZusV • lksfM;e ,yftuSV ¼xk<+h MkbZ 4% ls 6% xk<+h½
• • • •
Lo;a tk¡p iz’u (Self-check Questions)
1&4 Hkkx 20 Hkkx 3&3 Hkkx 5 Hkkx 1-5ls 2 Hkkx 65 ls 70 Hkkx
1- CMC dk iwjk uke crkb;sA 2- CykWd fizafVax esa ydM+h dh est rFkk diMs+ dh D;k Hkwfedk gS\
5-4
CykWd fizafVax dh rduhd (The Technique of Block Printing)
igys est+ ij 3 ls 4 ijrsa twV ds diM+s dks fcNkb;s rFkk ml ij 3 ;k 4 ijrsa xeZ diM+s fcNkb;s] blds Åij nks cSM+ 'khV fcNk;sa blds i’pkr~ fizaV fd;s tkus okys diM+s dks bl izdkj est+ ij QSyk,as fd mlesa lyoV u jgsaA ¼fp= 5-4½ fiXeSaV~l ij vk/kkfjr fizaV ds fy, MkbZ crk;k x;k gS dks cukus ds i’pkr~ bldks ,d Vªs esa Mky nsa ftlesa Qkse ds iSM vU; lkexzh ds lkFk j[ks x;s gksA isLV ¼fizafVax ds fy, jax½ dks leku :i ls cz’k }kjk fMt+kbu okys CykWd dh lrg ij yxkvks rFkk iSM+ ij gYdk ncko nsa ftlesa isLV CykWd vkarfjd Hkkx esa Qals ughaA ;fn vf/kd isLV CykWd ij yx tkrk gS rks og ml ij cus fMt+kbu dks <+d ysrk gS] blfy, CykWd dks isLV ds iSM+ ij leku :i esa QSykuk pkfg, ftlls iSM ds fdlh Hkkx esa Hkh vf/kd isLV ugha yxk gksA blds i’pkr~ CykWd dks diM+s ij tksj ls nck;k tkrk gS ftlls CykWd ij cuk fMt+kbu diM+s ij Ni tk;sA rc CykWd dks ,d vkxs c<+kdj bl izfØ;k dks nksgjk;k tkrk gS ftlls fMt+kbu dk lrr Øe cuk jgasA fMt+kbu ds vU; Hkkxksa dks vyaÑr djus ds fy, fMt+kbu ds vuq:i vyx CykWd dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA
fp= 55- 4 CykWd }kjk fÁafVax
xfrfof/k (Activity) i) ydM+h ds CykWd }kjk ,d lwrh nqiV~Vk NkisaA
5-5
fizaV dks fQDl djuk rFkk lq[kkuk (Drying and Fixing the Print)
fizafVax izfØ;k ds i’pkr~ jaxksa dks fQDl djus rFkk lq[kkus dh vko’;drk gksrh gSA fiXesaV fizaV dks fQDl djus ds fy, laLrqfr rFkk VªhVeSaV Mªªkb ghV VªhVeSaV gS tks 4&5 fe0 ds fy, 1400 & 1500 c rki ij fd;k tkrk gSA blds fy, MªªkWbZax pSEcj dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA tc isLV fj,fDVo MkbZ ij vk/kkfjr gks rks ;g mipkj ok;q nkc ij 5 ls 10 fe0 rd Hkki }kjk fn;k tkrk gSA lq[kku rFkk jax dks fQDl djus ds i’pkr~ diM+s dks lkcqu ls /kks dj lq[kk;k tk ldrk gSA
5-6
CykW CykWd fizafVax ds ykHk rFkk lhek,¡ (Advantages and Limitations of Block Printing)
5-6-1 CykWd fizafVax ds ykHk (Advantages of Block Printing) 1. 2. 3. 4.
lqUnj izHkko iSnk fd;s tk ldrs gSaA pedhys rFkk jaxfcjaxs fizaV cuk;s tk ldrs gSaA Cykd dsoy fHkUu fHkUu jaxksa ds fy, gh ugha vfirq leku jax ds 'ksM~l ds fy, Hkh CykWd iz;ksx esa yk;s tk ldrs gSA CykWDl dh lgk;rk ls vusd izdkj ds fMt+kbu cuk;s tk ldrs gSaA
5-6-2 lhek,sa (Limitations) 1. 2. 3. 4.
5-7
/khek mRiknu vf/kd O;; CykWDl dk fu;kstu cgqr de mfpr :i esa gksrk gS ftlls fMt+kbu fl/kkbZ esa ekewyh cnyko vk tkrk gSA izR;sd jax ds fy, fHkUu fHkUu CykWDl dh Hkh vko’;drk jgrh gSA mRre 'ksfMax rFkk xzsMs’ku dh deh jgrh gSA
oSY;w ,sfM’ku (Value Addition)
fizafVax ds i’pkr~ diM+s dks vyaÑr djus ds fy, dlhnkdkjh dh tk ldrh gS tSls dkaFkk] fejj odZ] LVse fLVp vkfn rFkk lkSan;Zijd cukus ds fy, eksrh dk dke fd;k tk ldrk gSA bl izdkj diM+s dh oSY;w c<+k;h tk ldrh gSA ¼fp= 5-5½
fp= 55-5 oSY;q ,sfM’ku
xfrfof/k (Activity)
2- vki }kjk fizaV fd;s x;s nqiV~Vs dks dlhnkdkjh ls vyaÑr djsa tSls dkaFkk] fejj odZ] LVse fLVp chM odZ vkfnA
Lo;a tk¡p iz’u (Self-check Questions) 3- CykWd fizafVax ds ykHk crkb;sA 4- fizafVax izfØ;k ds rqj Ur ckn CykWd dh lQkbZ djuk D;ksa vko’;d gS\
5-8
nRr dk;Z (Assignments)
5-8-1 d{kk dk;Z (Class Assignments) i)
CykWd fizafVax esa dke vkus okys midj.kksa dh igpku djsa rFkk mUgsa bdV~Bk djsaA
5-8-2 x`g dk;Z (Home Assignments) i) CykWd fizafVax fMt+kbu bdÎk djsaA
5-9
lkjka’k (Summing Up)
bl ikB esa igys CykWd fizafVax ds fy, vko’;d lkexzh rFkk VwYl dk o.kZu fd;k x;k fizaV ds fy, MkbZ dSls rS;kj dh tkrh gS bldh tkudkjh nh x;hA CykWd fizafVax dh rduhd dk laf{kIr o.kZu fd;k x;kA vUr esa CykWd fizafVax ds ykHk rFkk lhekvksa dk fooj.k fn;k x;kA
5-10 Lo;a tk¡p iz’uksa ds lEHkfor mRrj (Possible Answers to Self-check Questions) 1.
dkcksZDlh feFkkby lsY;wykst+
2.
ydM+h dk est tks CykWd fizafVax ds fy, vk/kkj lgk;d dk dk;Z djrk gS] etcwr rFkk fQDl gksuk pkfg,A bldk Vki /kkrq ;k eksVs iRFkj dk gksu k pkfg, tks Åuh dEcy tks ypd nkj gks] ls <+dk gks rFkk mldh VkWi ikuh dh jks/kd gksA Åuh diM+s dk iz;ksx fiazV MkbZ ds fy, iSM+ cukus esa iz;qDr gksrk gS
3.
CykWd fizafVax ls YkkHk%& • pedhys rFkk jaxfcjaxs fizaV izkIr fd;s tk ldrs gSaA
• • 4.
fofHkUu jaxksa ds fy, cgqr ls CykWDl iz;ksx esa yk;s tk ldrs gSa rFkk fofHkUu 'ksM~l tks mlh jax ds gksa muds fy, Hkh vyx CykWd iz;ksx esa yk;s tkrs gSaA CykWDl ls vusd izdkj ds fMt+kbu cuk;s tk ldrs gSaA
CykWDl dks fizafVax ds rqjUr ckn lkQ fd;k tkrk gS] vU;Fkk jax [kqns gq, fMt+kbu esa lw[k tk;sxk rFkk blds ckn okyk fiazV lkQ ugha NisxkA
5-11 vH;klkFkZ iz’u (Terminal Questions) 1. 2. 3. 4.
ge CykWd }kjk fMt+kbu cukus dh iszj.kk dgk¡ ls izkIr dj ldrs gSa\ CykWd fizafVax ds fy, xk<+h MkbZ D;ksa iz;ksx dh tkrh gS\ fizaV isLV cukus dk fof/k fyf[k;sA diM+s ij fizaV fQDl dh vko’;d izfØ;k fyf[k;sA
5-12 lanHkZ ,oa v/;;u ;ksX; iqLrdsa (Suggested further Reading and References) 1. Corbin, T. J. 1934. Hand Block Printing on Fabrics. Isaac Pitman, London. 2. Kafka, F. J. 1955. Linoleum Block Printing. McKnight and McKnight Publishing Company, Bloomington. 3. Mohanty B. C. and Mohanty J. P. Block Printing & Dyeing of Bagru, Rajasthan. Calico Museum of Textiles, Ahmedabad. 4. Gillow, J. and Barnard, N. 1991. Traditional Indian Textiles. Thames & Hudson Ltd., London. 5. Mehta R. J. 1984. Masterpieces of Indian Textiles. D.B.Taraporevala Sons & Co. Private Ltd., Bombay.
5-13 'kCnkoyh (Glossary) 1. 2. 3.
ckbUMj Mkbt+ ,Uxzso
,slk inkFkZ tks ck¡/kus ds iz;qDr gksrk gS ¼jax vkfn dk½ jlk;fud jax [kksnuk