jfuax flLVe vksojgkWy 5- fLV;fjax flLVe fMlvlse~fCy&fujh{k.k fLV;fjax flLVe okgu dks dUVªksy djus esa enn djrk gSA ;g fLV;fjax Oghy ls “kq: gksdj jksM Oghy ij [kRe gksrk gSA ek:fr 800 dkj esa jSd vkSj fifu;u flLVe bLrseky gksrk gSA blds nks eq[; Hkkx gksrs gSa & jSd ,oa fifu;uA tc fLV;fjax Oghy dks ?kqek;k tkrk gS rc ;g pky fLV;fjax “kk¶V dks feyrh gS] fQj “kk¶V tkWbUV vkSj fQj fifu;u dksA pw¡fd fifu;u ds nkar ges”kk jSd ls feys jgrs gaS] fifu;u dh jksVjh eks”ku jSd dh yhfu;j eks”ku eas cny tkrh gSA fQj ;g VkbZ jkWM }kjk fLV;fjax udy dks feyrh gS tks fd OghYl dks eks<+rs gaSA bl v/;k; eas ge fLV;fjax flLVe ds vo;oksa dks fudkyus vkSj mudk fujh{k.k djus ds ckjs esa i<+sxsA blls igys ge i<+sxsa fd fLV;fjax Oghy dk <h+ykiu vkSj jSVy ¼vkokt+½ dSls irk djrs gSaA fLV;fjax Oghy esa <h+ykiu ,d fu;fer lhek ds vanj gksuk pkfg, ojuk xkM+h ij mfpr fu;a=.k ugha j[kk tk ldrkA blfy, ge lcls igys ;g ns[ksaxs fd fLV;fjax flLVe ds dkSu ls Hkkxksa dks pSd fd;k tk;s] ;fn fLV;fjax Oghy esa <hykiu fu;fer lhek ls T;knk gSA 5-0
mís”; • • •
5-1 • • • • • • • •
5-2
bl v/;k; dks i<+us ds ckn vki bl ;ksX; gks tk;saxas fd% fLV;fjax flLVe esa <h+ykiu vkSj vkokt dks pSd dj ldsaA fLV;fjax flLVe ds fofHkUu Hkkxksa dks fudkyuk] [kksyuk ,oa mudk fujh{k.k djus dk dke dj ldsaA jSd vkSj fifu;u fLV;fjax flLVe dh dk;Z iz.kkyh le> ldsaA vko”;d fo”ks’k VwYl@ l@vkStkj fLV;fjax Oghy fjewoj VkbZ jkWM ,UM fjewoj 43 fe-eh- lkWdsV ¼ckWDl Lisuj½ fifu;u fc;fjax fjewoj ,oa LykbZfMax “kk¶V jSd cq”k fjewoj V - CykWd ljQ+sl IysV Mk;y xst
Iys vkSj jSVy ¼<hykiu ,oa vkokt½ dh tk¡p
LVh;fjax flLVe ds iwtksZa dks [kksyus ls ifgys] LVh;fjax Oghy esa Iys vkSj jSVy dks pSd fd;k tkrk gSA dkj dks tehu ij lh/kk [kM+k djds LVh;fjax Oghy dks ?kqek;k tkrk gSA LVh;fjax Oghy esa Iys] 0&30 fe-eh- ds chp gksuh pkfg,A ;fn LVh;fjax Oghy esa Iys 30 fe-fe- ls vf/kd gksrh gS] rks fuEufyf[kr dh tk¡p djsa & • •
VkbZ jkWM ,UM ckWy LVM esa f?klkoVA ckWy LVM dks dsoy rHkh ?kweuk pkfg, tcfd 2 fdxzk-eh- ls vf/kd VkWdZ yxk;k tk;sA yksvj ckWy TokbUV esa f?klkoVA 1
• • •
LVh;fjax 'kkQ~V TkkSbUV esa f?klkoVA LVh;fjax fifu;u ;k jSd xh;j ds nk¡rksa dk f?klk ;k VwVk gksukA <h+yh dlkoV ;k tqM+s gq, ikVZlA
;fn dksbZ iqtkZ [kjkc feyrk gS rks mls cny nsuk pkfg,A LoewY;kadu iz”u 1. 2. 3. 4.
ek:fr 800 okgu esa dkSu lk fLV;fjax flLVe bLrseky gksrk gS\ fLV;fjax flLVe dks [kksyus ls igys D;k ns[kk tkrk gS\ fLV;fjax Oghy esa <hysiu dh fdruh lhek fu/kkZfjr gS\ fdruk VkWdZ yxkus ij VkbZ jkWM ,UM ckWy LVM dks ?kweuk pkfg,\
5-3
fLV;fjax flLVe ds Hkkxksa dks [kksydj fudkyuk LVh;fjax flLVe ds vo;oksa dks mfpr Øe (lhDosUl) esa gh fudkyuk pkfg,A ;g Øe gS & • • • • • • •
LVh;fjax Oghy dkWEchus'ku fLop LVh;fjax dkWye LVh;fjax ykWd LVh;fjax 'kkQ~V dk yksvj TkSkbUV LVh;fjax fx;j dsl VkbZ jkWM ,UM
vc ge fLV;fjax flLVe ds lkjs Hkkxksa dks ,d ,d dj ds [kksyus dh fof/k ds ckjs esa i<+saxs & 5-3- 1 • • • • •
LVh;fjax Oghy dks fudkyuk fuxsfVo cSVjh dscy dks fMLduSDV djksA LVh;fjax Oghy iSM doj dks vyx djksA LVh;fjax 'kkQ~V uV dks fudkyksA 17 ua0 ds lkWfdV vkSj jSfpV gSUMy ls uV dks [kksyksA LVh;fjax Oghy vkSj LVh;fjax 'kkWQ~V ij ,ykbuesaUV ekdZ (fu'kku) yxkvksA
;s fu'kku jhbu~LVkWys'ku ds nkSjku fjQjsUl ds :i esa bLrseky gksaxsA
•
LVh;fjax Oghy fjewoj ls LVh;fjax Oghy dks fudkyksA
LVh;fjax Oghy dks fudkyus ds fy, LVh;fjax Oghy esa nksuksa rjQ ds FkzsMsM gksYl esa cksYVksa dks dlks vkSj mUgsas pSd uV ls ykWd djksA fQj lsUVj cksYV dks dlksA T;ksa gh vki lsUVj cksYV dks dlksxs] LVh;fjax Oghy ckgj fudy vk;sxkA •
2
LVh;fjax 'kkWQ~V ls LVh;fjax Oghy dks Åij mBkvksA
•
5-3- 2 • • • •
5-3- 3 • • • •
5-3- 4 • •
Oghy ls nksuksa cksYVksa dks <h+yk djks vkSj iqyj dks vyx djksA dkWEchus'ku fLop dks vyx djuk LVh;fjax dkWye ds yksvj vkSj vij doj dks cksYV djus okys 6 cksYVksa dks <h+yk djks vkSj yksvj doj dks fudky yksA dkWEchus'ku fLop ds diyj ls yhM ok;j vkSj ok;j DySEi dks fMLduSDV djksA pkj cksYVksa dks <hyk djks vkSj dkWEchus'ku fLop vlse~fCy dks LVh;fjax dkWye ls vyx djksA dkWye ds vij doj dks fudky yksA LVh;fjax 'kkW¶V yksvj Tkk TkkSbUV dks fudkyuk Mªkboj dh lhV dks ftruk ljd lds] ihNs ljdk;saA yhM ok;j dks bXuh'ku fLop ds diyj ls fMLduSDV djsaA LVh;fjax 'kkWQ~V yksvj TkkSbUV dks vyx djus ls igys vxys ifg;ksa dks lh/kh iksth+ 'ku esa ykdj LVh;fjax 'kkWQ~V yksvj TokbUV doj dks vyx djsaA LVh;fjax 'kkW¶V yksvj TkkSbUV cksYV dks [kksydj fudky ysaA LVh;fjax dkWye dks fudkyuk LVh;fjax dkWye dh ekm¡fVax ds 4 uVksa dks [kksysaA LVh;fjax fifu;u ls yksvj TkkSbUV dks ckgj fudky ysaA fp= 5-1 (a) esa vki LVh;fjax fifu;u dk Åijh fljk ns[k ldrs gSaA
•
LVh;fjax dkWye vlse~fCy dks LVh;fjax 'kkWQ~V lfgr fudky ysaA
fp= 55-1% ¼a½½ LVh;fjax fifu;u ¼b½½ LVh;fjax dkWye ,lsEcyh
fp= 5-1 (b) esa LVh;fjax dkWye vlse~fCy ns[kh tk ldrh gSA flaxy V~;wc Vkbi LVh;fjax dkWye vlse~fCy dks LVh;fjax dkWye rFkk 'kkWQ~V esa vyx fd;k tk ldrk gSA ;fn dksbZ ikVZ [kjkc@fMQSfDVo ik;k tkrk gS rks vlse~fCy dks fMlvlsEcy djds fMQSfDVo ikVZ dks cnyk tk ldrk gSA 5-3- 5 LVh;fjax VkbZ jkWM ,UM dks fudkyuk •
Oghy uVksa dks <hyk djksA 3
• • • •
dkj dks gkbMkWªfyd xSjkt tSd ij mBkvksA ,d vxys ifg;s ds uVksa dks fudkyks vkSj ifg;s dks vyx dj nksA dkj ds uhps lSQ~Vh LVS.M dks yxk nksA nwljs QzUV Oghy dks fudkyks rFkk nwljk lSQ~Vh LVS.M bl rjQ yxk nksA tSd dks uhps djks vkSj bls dkj ds uhps ls gVk nks rkfd dkj vkxs dh rjQ nksuksa lsQ~Vh LVS.Mksa ij fVd tk;sA
fp= 55-2% VkbZ jkWM ,UM • •
fLIyV fiu dks fudkyks vkSj VkbZ jkWM ,UM dkly uV dks LVh;fjax udy ls 17 u0 fjax ikus dh lgk;rk ls [kksyksA VkbZ jkM ,UM fjewoj dh lgk;rk ls VkbZ&jkWM ,UM dks udy ls vyx djksA
blds fy, fjewoj dh ySx dks udy ds uhps yxk nks vkSj lsUVj cksYV dks dlksA VkbZ jkWM ,UM uhps pyk tk;sxkA blh izdkj nwljh VkbZ jkWM ,UM dks vyx dj nksA 5-3- 6 • • •
5-3- 7 • • • • •
LVh;fjax fx;j dks fudkyuk lkWdsV vkSj jSfpV gSafMy ls 12 u0 lkbt ds LVh;fjax fx;j dsl ds cksYV [kksyksA nksuksa fx;j dsl czSfdVksa dks fudky yksA fx;j dsl dks ,d rjQ [khap dj ckgj fudky yksA LVh;fjax ykWd dks fudkyuk fudkyuk LVh;fjax ykWd dks ge LVh;fjax dkWye fudkyus ds ckn Hkh vyx dj ldrs FksA okbZl esa LVh;fjax dkWye dks idM+¨A bXuh'ku ßdhß (pkch) dks ,-lh-lh- ;k vkWu dh iksth'ku ij ?kqek dj ys vkvksA lSUVj iUp dks bLrseky djds gSMySl LVh;fjax ykWd ekWmfUVax cksYV dks <hyk djds fudkyksA LVh;fjax ykWd vlse~fCy dks LVh;fjax dkWye ls fudky yksA
fp= 5-3 esa vki LVh;fjax ykWd dh dk;Z iz.kkyh dks ns[k ldrs gSaA LykbMj ckgj vkrk gS vkSj LVh;fjax 'kk¶V ds vUnj dVh ukWp esa ?kqldj 'kkQV dh jksVs'ku dks jksdrk gSA ;g dkj dks pksjh gkSus ls cpkus esa enn djrk gSA
4
Slider
fp= 55-3% LVh;fjax ykWd ¼a½½ LykbMj ¼b½½ ykWd ukWp
LoewY;kadu iz”u 5. 6. 7. 8.
fdl Øe esa fLV;fjax flLVe ds Hkkxksa dks [kksydj fudkyk tkrk gS\ fLV;fjax flLVe dks fudkyus ls igys cSVjh ds fdl dscy dks [kksy dj gVk;k tkrk gS\ fLV;fjax Oghy vkSj “kk¶V ij ,ykbuesaV ds fu”kku D;ksa cuk;s tkrs gSa\ fLV;fjax Oghy dks fLV;fjax “kk¶V ls fudkyus ds fy, D;k pkfg, gksrk gS\
5-4
fLV;fjax flLVe ds fudkys gq;s Hkkxksa dks [kksyukA
igys] fudkys gq;s Hkkxksa dks rst izs”kj okys ikuh ls /kksb;s vkSj feV~Vh o dhpM+ ls mUgsa lkQ dfj;sA 5-4- 1
LVh;fjax fx;j dsl dh fMlSEcyh
LVh;fjax fx;j dsl dks fudkyus ds ckn ge bls [kksyrs gSaA fp= 5-4 esa LVh;fjax fx;j dsl ds fofHkUu iqtsZ fn[kkbZ ns jgs gSaA
fp= 55-4% LVh;fjax fx;j ds dsl ds iqtsZ •
bULVkWys'ku ds nkSjku lgh ,MtLVesUV ds fy,] VkbZ jkWM ,UM FkszM ds Åij VkbZ jkWM ,UM ykWd uV dh iksth'ku dk fu'kku yxkvksA 5
• • • •
5-4- 2
ykWd uV dks <hyk dj nks vkSj VkbZ jkWM ,UM dks VkbZ jkWM ls [kksydj fudky yksA nwljh VkbZ jkWM ,UM dks [kksydj fudkyksA cwV fDyi vkSj rkj dks [kksydj fudkyks vkSj cwV dks VkbZ jkWM ls fudkyksA NSuh vkSj gFkkSMs+ ls VkbZ&jkWM ykWd okW'kj ds eqM+s gq, Hkkx dks lh/kk djksA VkbZ jkWM dks vyx djuk vc jSd ls VkbZ&jkWM dks ckgj fudkyus dh dk;Zokgh 'kq: djrs gSaA
• • • • •
jSd dks dsl ls ckgj fudkyus ds fy,] igys fifu;u dks nks&rhu pDdj ?kqekvksA jSd dks 14 u0 vksiu ,UM LiSuj ls idM+ks vkSj VkbZ jkWM dSi dks ?kM+h ds ?kweus dh foijhr fn'kk esa ?kqekdj mls ckgj fudkyksA ykWd ok'kj dks fudky yksA fDyi vkSj rkj dks nwljh lkbM ds cwV ls fudkyks vkSj cwV dks fudky yksA igys dh rjg dk;Zokgh djrs gq, nwljh VkbZ jkWM dks Hkh fudky yksA
5-4- 3 vU; vo;oksa dks fudkyuk • • • •
LVh;fjax jSd lkbM ekmUV dks [khapdj ckgj fudkyksA jSd MSEij Ldzw dSi dks fudkyksA 17 u0 dh vksiu ,UM LiSuj ls jSd MSEij Ldwz dks [kksyksA jSd Iyutj fLizax dks fudkyks vkSj LVh;fjax jSd IyUtj dks ckgj fudky yksA ;g fLizax yksMsM IyUtj jSd dks fifu;u ds lkFk lVdj dk;Z djus esa enn djrk gSA
fp= 55-5% ¼a½ jSd IyUtj fLizax ¼b½ jSd IyUtj • • • • • • •
6
43 fe-fe- lkWdsV ls fx;j dsl ch;fjax Iyx dks [kksydj fudkyksA ;fn 43 fe-eh- dk lkWdsV miyC/k u gks rks Iyx dks fudkyus ds fy, ikbi fjUp dk bLrseky dj ldrs gSaA gkmflax ls fifu;u vlse~fCy dks vyx djus ds fy,] IykfLVd gSej ls gkmflax dks pksV ekjksA fifu;u vlse~fCy dks fudky yksA fx;j dsl ls jSd dks fudky yksA fc;fjax fjewoj vkSj LykbfMax “kkQ~V dh lgk;rk ls fifu;u fc;fjax dks fx;j dsl ls ckgj [khap yksA jSd cq”k ds vkxs yxs LuSi fjax dks fudky yksA cq”k fjewoj dh lgk;rk ls cqf”kax dks jSd gkmflax ls ckgj fudky yksA
fp= fp= 55-6% ¼a½ ¼ ½ fifu;u vlse~fCy ¼b½½ jSd
jSd cqf'kax dks ckgj fudkyrs oDr] fx;j dsl dks okbZl esa idM+dj cqf'kax dks ugha [khapuk pkfg, ojuk gkmft+ax ikbZi] fx;j dsl ls vyx gks ldrk gSA bl dke ds fy, ges'kk mfpr cq'k fjewoj gh bLrseky djsaA LoewY;kadu iz”u 9. 10.
fLV;fjax ds Hkkx ----------------- ls lkQ fd;s tkrs gSaA fx;j dsl fc;fjax Iyx dks fudkyus ds fy, fdl eki dk lkWdsV pkfg,\ vxj og miyC/k ugha gS rks vki D;k bLrseky dj ldrs gSa\
5-5
LVh;fjax flLVe ds iqtksZa dk fujh{k.k • • • • • • • • • • •
vkW;y lhy] fc;fjax Iyx FkszM~l vkSj fx;j dsl lhy dk fujh{k.k djks vkSj ns[kks fd dgha os MSest rks ugha gks x;s gSaA ;fn dksbZ fMQSfDVo ikVZ gS] rks mls cny nksA fifu;u “kkQ~V ds Åij dh LiykbZUl] fifu;u VhFk ljQsl vkSj uhMy fc;fjax tuZy dks f?klko vkSj MSest ds fy, vPNh rjg tk¡p yksA fc;fjax dh dUMh”ku dks gkFk ls ?kqekdj tk¡pksA ;fn fc;fjax fMQSfDVo gS] rks mls cny nksA jSd gkmflax vkSj xh;j dsl dk TkkSbUV rFkk dsl dh FkzSM vkSj LuSi fjax xzwo dh tk¡p dhft,A jSd cqf”kax] LuSi fjax vkSj fifu;u lkbM ekm¡V dh tk¡p dhft;s fd ;s MSest rks ugha gSaA jSd IyUtj ds ljQsl dh tk¡p dhft, fd dgha og MSest rks ugha gSA jSd IyUtj fLiazx dh tk¡p dhft, fd dgha og rks MSest ugha gks x;k gSA ;fn og fMQSfDVo ik;k tkrk gS rks ,lSEcfyax ds nkSjku mls cny nhft,A MSEij Ldwz rFkk MSEj Ldzw dSi dh tk¡p dhft;s fd dgha os MSest r¨ ugha gks x, gSaA VkbZ&jkWM ds vUnj okys ckWy TkkSbUV dh tk¡p djks vkSj vxj og <hyh gks rks VkbZ&jkWM dks cny nksA ,lSEcfyax ds nkSjku ykWd okW”kj dks cny dj u;k ykWd okW”kj Mkyuk pkfg,A jcj cwV dks pSd djks vkSj vkxj og [kjkc gks x;k gks rks ,lSEcfyax ds nkSjku u;k cwV MkyksA
7
•
• • •
VkbZ jkWM ,UM ckWy TkkSbUV dks Iys ds fy, pSd djksA ;fn VkbZ jkWM ,UM <hyk ekywe nsrk gS rks mls cny nks vkSj ;fn VkbZ jkWM ,UM ds jcj cwV esa tjk lk Hkh dV gks rks mls Hkh cny nksA VkbZ jkWM ,UM ds FkzSMsM iks'kZu dh tk¡p djks fd dgha os MSest rks ughaa gks x, gSaA cwV fDyi dks fLizax ,D”ku ds fy, pSd djksA jSd ds nkWrksa ,oa ckWMh ljQsl dh tk¡p djks fd os dgha MSest rks ugha gks x;s gSaA
fuf'pr le;Urjky ij] gj ihfj;kWfMd bULiSD'ku ds nkSjku] o tc Hkh dkj fyQ~V ij p<+kbZ tk;s rks cwV~l dks ns[kdj lqfuf”pr djks fd dgha os dV ;k xy rks ugha gks x, gSaA ,d dVk gqvk cwV /kwy vkSj feV~Vh dks vius vUnj ?kqlus nsrk gS; blls LVh;fjax jSd vkSj fifu;u dks uqdlku igq¡prk gSA blls flLVe esa vkokt+ mRiUu gks tk;sxh o ta+x Hkh yx ldrk gSA bldk urhtk gksxk flLVe dk lgh dke u djukA vr% ;fn cwV esa dgha t+jk lk Hkh dV fn[kkbZ nsrk gS] rks mls cny nks vkSj ,d u;k cwV fQV dj nksA •
• •
LVh;fjax jSd dks fMQySD”ku ds fy, pSd djkssA ljQsl IysV ds Åij oh&CyWkd ij jSd dks j[kks vkSj fQj fMQySD”ku dh tk¡p ds fy;s Mk;y xst dk bLrseky djksA jSd fMQ~ySD”ku dh fyfeV 0-40 fe0fe0 gksrh gSA ;fn fMQ~ySD”ku fyfeV ls vf/kd gks] rks jSd dks cny nkssA LVh;fjax “kkQ~V FkSzM vkSj lSjs”kUk dh tk¡p djkss fd dgha os MSest rks ugha gaSA LVh;fjax “kkQ~V TkkSbUV vkSj “kkQ~V dh tk¡p djks fd muesa dzSd] VwV&QwV] vf/kd Iys ;k dksbZ vU; nks"k rks ugha mRiUu gks x;k gSA ;fn dksbZ pht+ nks’kiw.kZ feyrh gS] rks TkkSbUV vlse~fCy dks cny nkssA
LoewY;kadu iz”u 11.
jSd esa fM¶ysD”ku dh fu/kkZfjr lhek fdruh gS\
5-6
fØ;k 1.
2.
5-7
rqyuk ds fy, ,d lkbZdy ds gsUMy dks ?kqek dj nsf[k;sA D;k og <hyk ;k VkbV gSA ;fn og <hyk yxrk gS rks mldks Åij mBk dj ;g ns[ksa fd mldh FkzLV fc;fjax esa T;knk pky rks ugha gSA vxj gk¡ rks pky dks ,MtLV djsa ysfdu ;g ns[ksa fd gSfUMy T;knk VkbV u gks tk;sA okgu ds fLV;fjax Oghy dks ?kqek;sa vkSj tkap djsaA ns[ksa fd mlesa <hykiu o vkokt rks ugha gSA
lkjka”k
bl v/;k; esa geus LVh;fjax flLVe ds iqtksZa ds fjewoy] fMleSaVfyax vkSj bULiSD”ku dk v/;;u fd;kA vktdy vf/kdka”k dkjksa esa ikoj LVh;fjax vkSj bySDVªkWfud LVh;fjax fn;k tkrk gS rFkk muesa vfrfjDr vkbVe gksrs gSa ftUgsa fjis;j djuk gksrk gSA bl v/;k; esa geus flQZ ,d ekSfyd LVh;fjax flLVe dk v/;;u fd;kA igys vki bldh vksojgkWfyax esa dq”ky cfu;s vkSj fQj vki nwljs flLVe dks fjis;j dj ldsaxsA vc vxys v/;k; esa ge v/;;u djsaxs fd fdl izdkj ls LVh;fjax flLVe dks dkj esa fQV djrs gSa rFkk QzUV Oghy ,ykbuesaV dks pSd djrs gSaA bl v/;k; esa geus fLV;fjax flLVe ds Hkkxksa dks fudkyu]s [kksyus ,oa mudk fujh{k.k djus ds ckjs esa i<+k gSA vktdy T;knkrj okguksa esa ikoj fLV;fjax vkSj bySDVªkWfud fLV;fjax yxs gq;s vkrs gSaA bu 8
flLVel~ easa vfrfjDr midj.k gksrs gSa ftudks Hkh vksoj gksfyax ds le; ns[kk tkrk gSA tc vki bl v/;k; esa i<+k;s x;s csfld fLV;fjax flLVe dh iw.kZ :i ls tkudkjh izkIr dj ysaxs rks vkxs pydj vki dks ;g T;knk lksQsfLVdsfVM flLVe~l lh[kus esa vklkuh gksxhA vxys v/;k; esa ge ns[ksaxs fd fLV;fjax flLVe dks dSls ,lEcy djrs gSa vkSj okgu esa okil yxkrs gSaA
5-8
LoewY;kadu iz”uksa ds lEHkkfor mÙkj 1234567891011-
5-9
jSd vkSj fifu;u fLV;fjax Oghy esa <+hykiu vkSj vkokt 0 ls 30 fe-eh2 eh0 fd-xzk- VkWdZ fLV;fjax Oghy] dkWfEcus”ku fLop] fLV;fjax dkWye] fLV;fjax “kk¶V] yksvj tkWbUV] VkbZ jkWM ,UM] fLV;fjax fx;j dsl] fLV;fjax ykWd fuxsfVo cSVjh dscy okfil yxkus ds le; jsQ+jsUl ds fy, fLV;fjax Oghy fudkyus okyk Vwy ¼fLV;fjax Oghy fjewoj½ ikuh ds tSV 43 fe-eh-] ikbi fjap 0-40 fe-eh-
vH;klkFkZ iz”u 1- fLV;fjax flLVe dks [kksyus ¼fMlesUVy djus½ ds fy, ¼fjewoj½ esa vkus okys fo”ks’k VwYl D;k gSa\ 2- <hykiu vkSj vkokt dSls tkaprs gSa\ bldh D;k lhek fu/kkZfjr gS\ vxj ;g fu/kkZfjr lhek ls T;knk gS rks dkSu ls vo;oksa dks pSd djsaxs\ 3- VkbZ jkWM ,UM dks fudkyus dh fof/k fyf[k;sA
5-10 lanHkZ ,oa foLr`r v/;;ukFkZ xzaFk lwph •
ek:fr 800 lfoZl eSU;qvy
5-11 “kCnkoyh ckWy tkWbUV
¶ysfDlcy ckWy vkSj lkWdsV dh cukoV okyk tkWbUV
dkWfEcus”ku fLop vlse~fCy ftlds }kjk T;knkrj ,ysDVªhdy lfdZVl fu;af=r gksrs gSa fLop tSls & ykbV] okbij vkSj okW”kj bR;kfnA diyj
bysDVªdy lfdZV dks tYnh o vklkuh ls tksM+us ,oa vyx djus ds fy, bLrseky esa vkus okys esy vkSj Q+hesy duSDVj
jSd fx;j
yEck fx;j nkarksa okyk “kk¶V A
fLV;fjax udy
fLiUMy dk vUnj dk og Hkkx tks fdax fiu ;k ckWy tkWbUVl ij fioV djrk gSA
9
10
VkbZ jkWM
og jkWM tks fLV;fjax udy dks LVh;fjax jSd ls tksM+rh gSA
okbl
tkWc idM+us okyk VwyA