2015 Edition
FOREIGN TRADE VADEMECUM
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Table of contents GREETING
3
SERVICES OF SWITZERLAND GLOBAL ENTERPRISE
4
Export Promotion
Import Promotion
Investment Promotion
4 4 5
GLOBAL NETWORK
6
SWISS ECONOMIC KEY FIGURES
8
SME EXPORT INDICATOR
9
SWITZERLAND IN INTERNATIONAL COMPARISON
9
WORLDWIDE EXPORTS
Worldwide export development by region
Worldwide largest exporters
Worldwide import development by region Worldwide largest importers
10 10 10 11 11
SWISS FOREIGN TRADE
12
Development of Swiss foreign trade
12
Swiss company landscape
Exports by destination country Imports by country of origin Exports by sector
Imports by sector DIRECT INVESTMENTS
Foreign countries with the largest capital stocks Direct investments Switzerland/abroad Swiss capital stock by region
Swiss capital exports by region
12 13 14 15 15 16 16 16 17 18
Greeting Dear Sir or Madam, On behalf of the Swiss State Secretariat for Economic Affairs (SECO), Switzerland Global Enterprise works all over the world to support entrepreneurs and promote Switzerland as a business location. As a center of excellence for internationalization S-GEʼs role is to foster exports, imports and investments, to help clients to develop new potential for their international business and to strengthen Switzerland as an economic hub. The word «Switzerland» in our name stands for Switzerland as a business hub and center of value creation. «Global» stands for our worldwide activities and the challenges of internationalization. «Enterprise» stands for entrepreneurship. International business is essential for Switzerlandʼs survival. The impressive figures contained in the Vademecum in your hands demonstrate exactly how much our economy is integrated into the world economy. Swiss companies earn every second franc abroad, under pinning the countryʼs prosperity. In many branches of industry innovative Swiss companies are world market and quality leaders. At the same time, many of them are dependent on reliable importers and exchanges with those foreign companies that add a high value to Switzerland where they have settled in Switzerland. We are delighted that, in providing our services, we are helping to ensure that the internationally focused business location that is Switzerland continues to be one of the worldʼs most competitive locations for business.
DANIEL KÜNG CEO Switzerland Global Enterprise
3
Switzerland Global Enterprise EXPORT PROMOTION
Working on behalf of the State Secretariat for Economic Affairs SECO, S-GE uses its expertise in internationalization to help Swiss companies, especially SMEs, identify and develop new business potential on a worldwide basis. It provides regular information about relevant trends in the global markets, as well as professional advice and support in finding contacts and partners and recognizing new business opportunities. s-ge.com/export
INFORMATION Markets Export Know-how News / Studies
Contacts
Consultancy Analysis Strategy Implementation
Business Partners/Companies Governmental Authorities Trade Fair Participants
NETWORK Swiss Business Hubs, Embassies, Chambers of Commerce, Experts, Export Platforms, Commercial Associations, Partners
Go International Export Preparation, Country Analysis, Market Entry, Business Partners, Global Implementation
IMPORT PROMOTION
S-GE works on behalf of the State Secretariat for Economic Affairs SECO to support SMEs from selected partner countries, facilitating market access and opening up new business opportunities in Switzerland and the European Union. In this way, S-GE helps to strengthen the competitiveness of the companies concerned and foster cooperation and trade relations between Switzerland, the EU and the partner countries.
Importers in Switzerland and Europe benefit from contacts with reliable suppliers in the partner countries. s-ge.com/import
Services for exporters from partner countries
INFORMATION
TRAINING
MATCHMAKING
Services for importers from focus countries
TRADE FAIRS
DIRECT INQUIRIES
BUYER MISSIONS
Services for Business Support Organizations
PARTNER FOR SYSTEMIC MARKET DEVELOPMENT INTERVENTIONS
COACHING AT TRADE FAIRS AND BUYER MISSIONS
IMPROVING PERFORMANCE OF COUNTRY PAVILIONS
INVESTMENT PROMOTION
As part of its remit from the State Secretariat for Economic Affairs SECO and the cantons, S-GE provides potential foreign investors with information about the particular strengths and operating conditions of Switzerland as a business location. Its services for foreign companies include assessing the potential of their projects before they are presented to the cantons. S-GE assists the cantons with the relocation of foreign companies, providing market and trend analyses and coordinating the activities of all the bodies involved in the promotion of Switzerland as a business location. s-ge.com/invest CONTENT MARKETING
IMAGE
TARGETING
CONTACT
PROSPECTS
CONTENT MARKETING Areas and cantons
5
Global Network S-GE is represented abroad by Swiss Business Hubs. The majority of these local teams are based at a Swiss Embassy or Swiss Consulate-General. In certain countries, the bilateral chambers of trade or other organizations take on this role.
Following an initial consulting session in Switzerland, the Swiss Business Hubs are the next point of contact for customers in the export country concerned. In addition, these hubs are responsible for promoting Switzerland as a business location abroad. All hubs have a first-rate network of contacts abroad on account of their official status.
SWISS BUSINESS HUBS
21 America Brazil / S達o Paulo Canada / Montreal Mexico / Mexico City USA / New York City Europe Austria / Vienna France / Paris Italy / Milan Poland / Warsaw Russia / Moscow Spain / Madrid Turkey / Istanbul UK / London Africa South Africa / Pretoria Asia ASEAN / Singapore China / Beijing China / Hong Kong Gulf States / Dubai India / Mumbai Japan / Tokyo South Korea / Seoul
SMEs supported in 75 countries (dark gray)
7
Swiss economic key figures KEY FIGURES ECONOMY 1
2012
GDP (nominal) in billion CHF GDP (nominal) per capita in CHF
*
2013
625
78,105
*
1.0%
2014
635
648
*
78,539
*
1.7%
*
78,671
*
2.0%
GDP growth (real)
*
*
Inflation rate
-0.7%
-0.2%
0%
2.9%
3.2%
3.2%
2011
2012
2013
Unemployment rate COUNTRY 2
*
Greatest agglomerations per thousand inhabitants 1,204.0
1,217.8
1,232.6
Geneva
Zurich
530.7
533.5
541.3
Basel
500.6
503.9
508.6
Berne
355.6
360.1
364.2
Lausanne
342.2
345.3
351.5
Zurich
377.0
380.8
384.8
Geneva
188.2
189.0
191.6
Basel
164.5
165.6
167.4
Lausanne
129.4
130.4
132.8
Berne
125.7
127.5
128.8
Largest cities: per thousand inhabitants
POPULATION 3 * Permanent resident population per thousand inhabitants
2014
8,236.6
Age groups in % 0 – 19 years
20.2%
20 – 39 years
26.7%
40 – 64 years
35.3%
65 years and older
17.8%
1 Source: Federal Statistical Office (FSO), State Secretariat for Economic Affairs (SECO) 2 Source: Federal Statistical Office (FSO), ESPOP (until 2009), STATPOP (from 2010) 3 Source: Federal Statistical Office (FSO), STATPOP * Estimate SECO
SME Export Indicator
The export sentiment among SMEs, as measured by Switzerland Global Enterprise and the Credit Suisse Export Barometer which illustrates the foreign demand for Swiss products. s-ge.com/exportindikator CREDIT SUISSE EXPORT BAROMETER In standard deviation, growth threshold = 0
Barometer Exports (yoy) Export trend growth
(6-month moving average) Growth Threshold
Switzerland in international comparison RANKING
Switzerland
World Happiness Report 2015
1
Global Competitiveness Report 2015
1
IMD World Competitiveness Yearbook 2015
4
The Human Capital Report 2015
3
Economic Freedom of the World 2014
4
(Sustainable Development Solutions Network) (WEF)
(WEF)
(Fraser Institute)
City Ranking
(Mercer 2015)
2 8 Berne 13
Zurich
Geneva
The Global Talent Competitiveness Index 2014
1
Country Brand Index 2014-2015
2
(INSEAD)
(FutureBrand)
Better Life Index 2015 (OECD)
Jobs Life Satisfaction
2 3
Country Reputation Report 2014
1
Global Innovation Index 2014
1
(Reputation Institute)
9
Worldwide Exports EXPORTS 2013 1
Europe 36.3%
2
Asia 34.4%
3
North America 13.2%
4
Middle East 7.4%
5
South and Central America 4.0%
6
Africa 3.3%
7
Miscellaneous 1.4%
Source: WTO 2014
WORLDWIDE EXPORT DEVELOPMENT BY REGION Year
1953
1973
1993
2013
Europe
39.4%
50.9%
45.4%
36.3%
Asia
13.4%
14.9%
26.1%
34.4%
North America
24.8%
17.3%
18.0%
13.2%
Middle East
2.7%
4. %
3.5%
7.4%
South and Central America
9.7%
4.3%
3.0%
4.0%
Africa
6.5%
4.8%
2.5%
3.3%
Miscellaneous
3.5%
3.7%
1.5%
1.4%
84
579
3,676
18,300
Total in billion USD Source: WTO 2014
WORLDWIDE LARGEST EXPORTERS 2013
in billion USD
1. China
2,209
2. USA
1,580
3. Germany
1,453
4. Japan
715
5. The Netherlands
672
6. France
580
7. South Korea
560
23. Switzerland
229
Source: WTO, Statistics 2014
IMPORTS 2013 1
Europe 35.8%
2
Asia 34.5%
3
North America 17.4%
5
Middle East 4.2%
4
South and Central America 4.2%
6
Africa 3.4%
7
Miscellaneous 0.5%
Source: WTO, Statistics 2014
WORLDWIDE IMPORT DEVELOPMENT BY REGION Year
Europe Asia
1953
1973
1993
2013
43.7%
53.3%
44.6%
35.8%
15. %
14.9%
23.7%
34.5%
20.5%
17.2%
21.4%
17.4%
Middle East
2.0%
2.6%
3.3%
4.2%
South and Central America
8.3%
4.4%
3.3%
4.2%
Africa
7.0%
3.9%
2.6%
3.4%
Miscellaneous
3.4%
3.7%
1.1%
0.5%
85
594
3,786
18,410
North America
Total in billion USD Source: WTO, Statistics 2014
WORLDWIDE LARGEST IMPORTERS 2013
in billion USD
1. USA
2,329
2. China
1,950
3. Germany
1,189
4. Japan
833
5. France
681
6. UK
655
7. Hong Kong
622
26. Switzerland
201
Source: WTO, Statistics 2014
11
Swiss Foreign Trade SWISS COMPANY LANDSCAPE TOTAL COMPANIES IN SWITZERLAND
557,829
100%
large companies with > 250 employees 1,256
0.2%
SMEs with < 250 employees
556,573 99.8%
Source: Swiss Federal Statistical Office, corporate structure STATENT 2012
EXPORTING COMPANIES
42,732
7.7%
Source: Directorate General of Customs DGC 2013, analysis SGE 2014
DEVELOPMENT OF SWISS FOREIGN TRADE 250,000
in million CHF
Export Import
200,000 150,000 100,000 50,000 0
99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14
Year 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Exports in million CHF 114 127 132 136 135 146 157 177 198 206 181 193 198 200 201 208
Imports 113 129 130 128 129 137 149 165 184 187 160 174 174 176 177 179 Source: Directorate General of Customs DGC
1
Europe 58.0%
2
Asia 21.7%
3
America 17.3%
4
Africa 1.8%
5
Oceania 1.2%
Source: Directorate General of Customs DGC
EXPORTS BY DESTINATION COUNTRY
in million CHF
in %
Europe
120,776
58.0
EU
114,041
54.7
Germany
38,605
18.5
France
14,984
7.2
Italy
13,765
6.6
UK
10,050
4.8
Austria
6,209
3.0
Spain
5,812
2.8
Belgium
5,616
2.7
The Netherlands
5,106
2.5
Russian Federation
2,786
1.3
Poland
2,200
1.1
Turkey
1,974
0.9
45,262
21.7
China
8,814
4.2
Japan
6,191
3.0
America
36,108
17.3
USA
Asia
25,878
12.4
Canada
3,293
1.6
Brazil
2,088
1.0
Mexico
1,741
0.8
Africa
3,687
1.8
Oceania
2,525
1.2
208,358
100.0
Total 2014 Source: Directorate General of Customs DGC
13
1
Europe 74.6%
2
Asia 15.4%
3
America 8.1%
4
Africa 1.7%
5
Oceania 0.2%
Source: Directorate General of Customs DGC
IMPORTS BY COUNTRY OF ORIGIN Europe EU Germany Italy France Austria Ireland UK The Netherlands Spain Belgium Russian Federation Asia China Japan America USA Brazil Canada Africa Oceania Total 2014 Source: Directorate General of Customs DGC
in million CHF
in %
133,227 130,614 51,267 17,626 14,410 8,602 7,196 6,429 5,441 4,560 3,455 588 27,592 12,148 3,251 14,479 10,911 875 628 2,996 310 178,604
74.6 73.1 28.7 9.9 8.1 4.8 4.0 3.6 3.0 2.6 1.9 0.3 15.4 6.8 1.8 8.1 6.1 0.5 0.4 1.7 0.2 100
EXPORTS BY SECTOR
in % compared to in million CHF previous year
Chemicals and related products
85,323
5.4
Precision instruments, watches and jewellery
47,076
3.9
Machines, appliances, electronics
33,341
0.1
Metals
12,481
3.3
Farm and forestry produce, fisheries *
9,415
2.3
Vehicles
5,682
8.2
Leather, rubber, plastics
4,423
2.0
Textiles, clothing, shoes
3,173
2.4
Energy sources
3,143
-6.0
Paper, stationery and graphic products
2,015
-5.8
Apartment furnishings, toys, etc.
1,376
0.2
911
9.2
208,358
3.6
Building materials Total 2014 * incl. food, drink and tobacco Source: Directorate General of Customs DGC
IMPORTS BY SECTOR
in % compared to in million CHF previous year
Chemicals and related products
42,945
2.6
Machines, appliances, electronics
30,347
0.4
Precision instruments, watches and jewellery
20,072
4.8
Vehicles
16,151
1.9
Metals
14,395
2.0
Farm and forestry produce, fisheries *
14,062
0.0
Energy sources
11,991
-16.4
Textiles, clothing, shoes
9,247
3.9
Leather, rubber, plastics
6,518
2.5
Apartment furnishings, toys, etc.
5,563
2.0
Paper, stationery and graphic products
4,244
-1.5
3,069
2.2
178,604
0.5
Building materials Total 2014 * incl. food, drink and tobacco Source: Directorate General of Customs DGC
15
Direct investments FOREIGN COUNTRIES WITH THE LARGEST CAPITAL STOCKS 2013 6,000 5,000
in billion USD
5,366
4,000 3,000 2,000
1,885
1,648 1,565
1,000
1,259 1,118 1,072
739
643
598
CA
ES
IT
0 US
GB
DE
FR
CH
JP
NL
Source: OECD
DIRECT INVESTMENTS SWITZERLAND/ABROAD Year
in million CHF 2010
2011
2012
2013
Capital stock abroad
978,418 1,044,226 1,093,412 1,072,809
Capital stock in Switzerland
573,956
650,030
675,246
688,084
Capital exports abroad
89,378
42,755
40,622
31,508
Capital imports to Switzerland
29,978
25,140
14,993
610
in number of persons
Personnel abroad Personnel in Switzerland
2,819,549 2,818,515 2,907,372 2,966,231 421,071
Source: Swiss National Bank (SNB)
433,724
443,547
443,795
SWISS CAPITAL STOCK BY REGION Year
in million CHF 2012
2013
532,990
522,199
EU
473,142
464,637
Luxemburg
116,505
96,905
UK
82,496
78,720
The Netherlands
57,854
60,984
Germany
53,006
51,420
Offshore financial centers
34,426
31,575
France
28,812
30,491
Italy
25,698
26,802
Rest of Europe
59,847
57,562
Russian Federation
14,618
15,025
Europe
North America
238,082
233,042
USA
200,361
189,039
Middle and South America
184,591
174,949
Offshore financial centers
129,252
121,603
Brazil
22,061
21,182
107,755
110,380
Singapore
20,259
22,090
China
14,861
17,039
Japan
14,399
11,532
Asia
Indonesia
6,918
5,702
Oceania
20,625
21,277
Australia
18,319
18,989
Africa
9,369
10,964
South Africa
2,269
2,245
Source: Swiss National Bank (SNB)
17
SWISS CAPITAL EXPORTS BY REGION Year
Europe
in million CHF 2012
2013
10,497
12,395
EU
10,396
12,065
UK
28,153
3,133
France
-4,729
2,641
-17,459
2,424
The Netherlands Germany
-3,761
645
Rest of Europe
101
330
Russian Federation
983
442
Ukraine
463
249
North America
13,636
-643
USA
10,170
-3,191
Middle and South America
13,743
5,743
Offshore financial centers
6,290
3,398
Brazil
1,731
1,079
Asia
8,772
11,293
China
1,546
1,922
-298
1,397
India
770
455
Indonesia
450
199
-4,939
1,455
Australia
-4,886
1,449
Africa
-1,088
1,266
118
215
Singapore
Oceania
South Africa Source: Swiss National Bank (SNB)
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