San Juan 1797 - Compendio Ilustrado / Illustrated Compendium [Part 11] [Pag 154 - 192] by Jose E. Lopez Reyes

HMS Vengeance

HMS Bellona

HMS Prince of Wales

HMS Pelican

HMS Alfred (HMS Coromandel?)

➋

HMS Requin

➊

➍ Batería

HMS Fury

Armas y Municiones Inglesas Capturadas *

➍ Batería

HMS Roebuck

➌

HMS Arethusa

Campamento Británico

Batería Batería

Lanchas cañoneras permanecen observando

➍

Parque de Artillería

Cuartel de Gen. Abercromby

Puente de Martín Peña

Hato del Rey

El Roble (Río Piedras)

Punto de reunión para refuerzos del resto de la isla

Día 15 1 de mayo de 1797 Media Mañana Clima Nublado y Viento Moderado 154

Luego se dispuso recoger todo, que se hallaba bastante desparramado, lo que ofreció ocasion al pillage por los paisanos, que por lo dilatado de la línea y bosque tuvieron ocasion para hacerlo.

8 cañones de 24 y 16 4 morteros de 12 y 8 pulgadas 2 obuses de 5 pulgadas 5 líneas 287 cartuchos de cañón de varios calibres 14 cajones de cartuchos de 4 y 8 1010 cartuchos sueltos 2 cajones de cartuchos 3 quintales 16 libras metralla suelta 1 cajón de metralla 327 bombas cargadas de 9 pulgadas 1 bomba de incendio 77 bombas vacías 128 Granadas Reales cargadas 447 Granadas Reales vacías 1 Granada Real de Incendio 18 carcazas Seboruco de Barriga 1768 espoletas cargadas 1 cajón de espoletas 1 cajón de estopines de pluma y hoja e lata 20 paquetes de estopines de pluma y hoja de lata 1 lio de mechas 1 quintal 5 libras cuerda-mecha 2 serones de cuerda mecha 125 lanza-fuegos 23 cajones cartuchos de fusil

HMS Beaver 1 cajón piedras de chispa 2 quintales una libra de pólvora 650 balas de varios calibres 4 palanquetas 50 cajones de balas con saleros 11 carros grandes de municiones 30 carros de mano 1 cabria 1 carro fuerte 4 armones Playa La Torrecilla 153 pipas y barriles de pólvora vacíos 4 cucharas de 24 7 lanadas de 24 13 atacadores de 24 2 lanadas de obuses 10 bota fuegos 3 guarda-fuegos 7 barrels de bolsa 2 barriles de clavos para esplanadas 13 barras de hierro para pedreros 3 calabozos 8 causes de batería 2 piezas de trinca 1 estrobo 30 vigas 200 tablones 8 espeques 40 escalas 400 lios de sacos vacíos 2030 sacos de tierra 1550 sacos inutiles 930 tacos de filástica 100 cajas de municiones vacías 612 palas 671 zapa-picos 3 pies de cabra 2 Marrazos 1 cadena de hierro 180 arcos de cobre 53 pedazos de atalaje 3 pabellones para armas 1 escuadra y regla de metal 11 fusiles 10 fusiles sin llave 18 bayonetas 200 cartuchos de fusil 20 libras balas de plomo 17 cartuchos de baqueta muchos sacos de tierra enterrados y dos morteros enterrados

Eleuterio Murga 6 de mayo de 1797 Víveres Ingleses Capturados* 3 barriles de tocino 4 barriles de galleta 29 barriles de harina 4 barriles de harina inútil 6 sacos de cebada Porción de harina regada Porción de galleta destrozada Marian Cestero 2 de mayo de 1797 * Cordoba, Pedro Tomás de, Memorias geográficas, históricas, económicas y estadísticas de la isla de Puerto Rico, Apéndices 4 y 5, Oficina del gobierno: a cargo de D. Valeriano de Santillán, 1831. Arch. Gen.Mil. Segovia; Sección Ultramar, legajo 36, expediente 2.o

British Arms & Munitions Captured

Battery Battery

British Encampment

Battery Battery

Gen. Abercromby’s Headquarters

Artillery Park

Puente de Martín Peña

Hato del Rey

Day 15 1st of may of 1797 Mid Morning Cloudy climate & moderate wind

Then it was arranged to collect everything, which was quite scattered, which offered the occasion to pillage by the countrymen, who because of the length of the line and treeline had occasion to do so.

8 cañones de 24 y 16 4 morteros de 12 y 8 pulgadas 2 obuses de 5 pulgadas 5 líneas 287 cartuchos de cañón de varios calibres 14 cajones de cartuchos de 4 y 8 1010 cartuchos sueltos 2 cajones de cartuchos 3 quintales 16 libras metralla suelta 1 cajón de metralla 327 bombas cargadas de 9 pulgadas 1 bomba de incendio 77 bombas vacías 128 Granadas Reales cargadas 447 Granadas Reales vacías 1 Granada Real de Incendio 18 carcazas 1768 espoletas cargadas 1 cajón de espoletas 1 cajón de estopines de pluma y hoja e lata 20 paquetes de estopines de pluma y hoja de lata 1 lio de mechas 1 quintal 5 libras cuerda-mecha 2 serones de cuerda mecha 125 lanza-fuegos 23 cajones cartuchos de fusil

1 cajón piedras de chispa 2 quintales una libra de pólvora 650 balas de varios calibres 4 palanquetas 50 cajones de balas con saleros 11 carros grandes de municiones 30 carros de mano 1 cabria 1 carro fuerte 4 armones 153 pipas y barriles de pólvora vacíos 4 cucharas de 24 7 lanadas de 24 13 atacadores de 24 2 lanadas de obuses 10 bota fuegos 3 guarda-fuegos 7 barrels de bolsa 2 barriles de clavos para esplanadas 13 barras de hierro para pedreros 3 calabozos 8 causes de batería 2 piezas de trinca 1 estrobo 30 vigas 200 tablones 8 espeques 40 escalas 400 lios de sacos vacíos 2030 sacos de tierra 1550 sacos inutiles 930 tacos de filástica 100 cajas de municiones vacías 612 palas 671 zapa-picos 3 pies de cabra 2 Marrazos 1 cadena de hierro 180 arcos de cobre 53 pedazos de atalaje 3 pabellones para armas 1 escuadra y regla de metal 11 fusiles 10 fusiles sin llave 18 bayonetas 200 cartuchos de fusil 20 libras balas de plomo 17 cartuchos de baqueta muchos sacos de tierra enterrados y dos morteros enterrados Eleuterio Murga 6 mayo 1797 British Supplies Captured* 3 pork barrels 4 bisquit barrel 29 flour barrels 4 barriles de harina inútil 6 sacos de cebada Porción de harina regada Porción de galleta destrozada Mariano Cestero 2 mayo 1797

* Cordoba, Pedro Tomás de, Memorias geográficas, históricas, económicas y estadísticas de la isla de Puerto Rico, Apéndices 4 y 5, Oficina del gobierno: a cargo de D. Valeriano de Santillán, 1831. Arch. Gen.Mil. Segovia; Sección Ultramar, legajo 36, expediente 2.o

155

HMS Requin

➊

Batería Batería

HMS Roebuck

➌

HMS Arethusa

Batería

Lanchas cañoneras permanecen observando

➋

Campamento Británico

Batería

Parque de Artillería

Cuartel de Gen. Abercromby

Playa La Torrecilla

➊ Seboruco de Barriga

“En primero de Mayo el Comandante del Castillo de San Geronimo, dio parte al Señor Gobernador mando de su Señoria Ilustrisima presente, que los puestos avanzados del Enemigo estaba sin guarnicion, y se tenia noticia cuenta por un desertor, que en la tarde y noche anterior se han reembarcado, con cuyo motivo dio dicho Señor Gobernador las Puente de ordenes correspondientes al asunto; y su Señoria Ilustrisima se retiro a su Martín PeñaPalacio a dar gracias al Altisimo por la Vitoria conseguida...”

Centro de Investigaciones Históricas, Universidad de Puerto Rico, visitas pastorales; testimonios de la visita a su obispado de fray juan bautista zengotita, audiencia santo domingo, Ultramar, Legajo 2527, folio 159-935 Hato del Rey

Hato del Rey

➋

El Roble (Río Piedras)

Milicias Disciplinadas de Caballería de Puerto Rico llegan al lugar del desembarco Británico “Epaulement” Batería de Mortero

➊

Día 15 1 de mayo de 1797 Media Mañana Clima Nublado y Viento Moderado 156

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A las siete de la mañana se habian ya embarcado las últimas tropas, y como á las diez que entró la brisa empezaron á salir de la ensenada los buques de trasporte, habiéndolo verificado el ùltimo á las cuatro de la tarde, manteniédose todos á la vela, quedando fondeados los de guerra menos los del bloqueo en cuya posicion pasaron la noche. Se recogieron en este dia 45 dispersos del ejército enemigo, cuyas declaraciones confirmaron su precipitada retirada. Por nuestra parte no hubo mas novedad que la de haber cesado el fuego en todos los puestos y mantenidose estos como si el enemigo hubiese estado á su frente, y se redobló la vigilancia á la boca del puerto.

Epaulement, Art militaire - Fortification, autor desconocido, Plancha IX artista desconocido (1762)

Punto de reunión para refuerzos del resto de la isla

➊

Battery Battery

British Encampment

Battery Battery

Artillery Park

➋

Gen. Abercromby’s Headquarters

La Torrecilla Beach

➊ “On the first of May the Commander of San Geronimo castle, let know the Lord Governor while his Illustrious Excellency's was present, that the advanced posts of the Enemy was without garrison, and that news from a deserter, that in the previous afternoon and night had reembarked, due to this cause said Lord Governor gave corresponding orders about this; and his Puente de for this Victory attained...” Illustrious Excellency retired to his Palace to give thanks to the High Almighty Martín Peña

PLANCHA IX. Fig. 1. Perfil de una batería, con el cañón en el hueco A listo para disparar. C, aldaba. 2. D, parapeto de hombro de una batería de mortero. A, A, plataformas completas, con los morteros puestos. B, platte forma que muestra cómo deben organizarse los alojamientos. C, tablones que cubren los depósitos y que forman el piso de la plataforma. 3. Perfil de una batería de mortero. a, plataforma. b, busca el mortero. c, el mortero, con la bomba saliendo. d, hombro o parapeto. f & g, palos que se colocan en la parte superior del hombro, sobre el cual se alinea el mortero para apuntar la bomba hacia el lugar donde debe caer. m n, escala de nueve toesas. 4. Figura de la excavación o embudo de una mina de cono. A B, diámetro de la abertura superior de la mina. F, el horno. 5. Excavación de una mina formando un cono truncado. En B, diámetro de la base pequeña del cono truncado. C D, diámetro de la abertura superior. F, el horno o la cámara de la mina. 6. Perfil de la excavación de una mina formando un plato A D B. C, horno de la mina. C E, línea de menor resistencia. 7. Esta figura se usa para calcular el terreno que la mina debe remover, asumiendo que forma un cono truncado ADG B. 8. Un perfil que muestra la posición del horno A de una mina, para explotarla cubierta B K.

Cavalry Disciplined Militia of Puerto Rico reaches the British landing point

➊

Day 15 1st of may of 1797

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At seven o'clock in the morning the last troops had already re-embarked, and as at ten o'clock, with the coming breeze, the transport ships began to emerge from the cove, having confirmed the last one by four o'clock in the afternoon, men of war remained anchored except those of for the blockade where they spent the night. On this day 45 dispersed were rounded up from the enemy army, whose statements confirmed their hasty withdrawal. For our part, there was no novelty other than that of ceasing the fire in all positions and maintaining everything as if the enemy was still there, and the vigilance was redoubled at the mouth of the port .

PLATE IX. Fig. 1. Profile of a battery, with the cannnon in the recess A ready to fire. C, knocker. 2. D, shoulder parapet of a mortar battery. A, A, completed platforms, with the mortars on. B, platte - form that shows how the lodgings should be arranged. C, planks which cover the deposits, and which form the floor of the platform. 3. Profile of a mortar battery. a, platform. b, lookout for the mortar. c, the mortar, with the bomb coming out. d, shoulder or parapet. f & g, stakes that are placed on the top of the shoulder, on which one aligns the mortar to aim the bomb towards the place where it must fall. m n, scale of nine fathoms. 4. Figure of the excavation or funnel of a cone mine. A B, diameter of the upper opening of the mine. F, the furnace. 5. Excavation of a mine forming a truncated cone. At B, diameter of the small base of the truncated cone. C D, diameter of the upper opening. F, the furnace or the chamber of the mine. 6. Profile of the excavation of a mine forming a dish A D B. C, furnace of the mine. C E, line of least resistance. 7. This figure is used to calculate the land that the mine must remove, assuming it forms an ADG B truncated cone. 8. A profile that shows the position of the furnace A of a mine, to blow up the cover B K.

Mid Morning Cloudy climate & moderate wind

Epaulement, Art militaire - Fortification, author unknown, Planche IX artist unknown (1762)

157

Batería

➊

Batería

Campamento Británico

Batería Batería

Parque de Artillería

Cuartel de Gen. Abercromby

Puente de Martín Peña

“El buque de Norbert Landsheit volviendo del Caribe estaba infestado con un 'enjambre de ratas, mosquitos, cucarachas y otros reptiles'. La batalla en contra de las ratas era una constante; el experimentado marinero William Richardson recuerda que tomaron posesión de su buque, el HMS Tromp, en martinica, 'por sus peleas y el ruido noche y día'. Eventualmente, un caza-ratas fue empleado. No tenemos record del número de ratas en los viajes a las Antillas pero Thomas Swaine, un caza-ratas naval operando en los 1780s, documentó que mató 2,475 de estos animales en el casco del buque de 90 cañones DUKE y 1,015 en el debuque Seboruco Barrigainsignia PRINCE OF WALES.”

Playa La Torrecilla

SeborucoBefore de BarrigaGlory: The British Soldier in the West Death Indies in the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars 1793-1815, Dr. Martin Howard, Pen and Sword Military (September 30, 2015), Chapter 8, Page 144, Par. 4

Hato del Rey

Día 16 2 de mayo de 1797 Clima Moderado y nublado

158

El dia 2 se descubrió la escuadra como habia quedado al anochecer del anterior, y luego que entró la brisa ➊ empezaron á levarse los buques de guerra, estando todos á la vela como á las once y media de la mañana. La escuadra siguiò en vuelta del Norte y al anochecer los buques mas atrasados se hallaban muy separados de nuestros puestos. ➋ Continuaron las providencias para introducir en la plaza la artillería, municíones y demas efectos abandonados por el enemigo, y para el efecto se habilitaron las cortaduras del puente de S. Antonio.

“A pesar de los esfuerzos para reducir el lugar, la empresa fracasó, y las tropas fueron retiradas en el 30 de abril. Previamente, sin embargo, a efectuar la evacuación, los ingenieros, para prevenir la persecución por el enemigo en la retirada, destruyeron el puente conectando a la isla de San Juan y la principal; y luego rápidamente levantaron un parapeto de sacos de arena para cubrir la embarcación, que, no hizo falta, ya que la expedición sufrió el poder partir de la isla sin molestia alguna.” ‘History of the Royal Sappers and Miners, from the formation of the Corps in March 1772, to the date when its designation was changed to that of Royal Engineers, in October 1856’' by T. W. J. Connolly, Quartermaster Of The Royal Engineers, Vol. I, 1797, London:Longman, Brown, Green, Longmans, and Roberts. (1857)

➋

Puente y Fuerte de San Antonio

Battery

➊

Battery

British Encampment

Battery Battery

Gen. Abercromby’s Headquarters

Artillery Park

Puente de Martín Peña

“Norbert Landsheit's ship returning from the Caribbean was infested with 'swarms of rats, musketos, cockroaches and other reptiles'. The battle against the rats was a constant one; seasoned sailor William Richardson remembers that they took possession of his ship, HMS Tromp, at Martinique, ‘by their fighting and their noise night and day’. Eventually, a rat-catcher was employed. We have no record of the number of rats on voyages to the West Indies but Thomas Swaine, a naval rat-catcher operating in the 1780s, documented the killing of 2,475 animals in the hull of the 90-gun ship Duke and 1,015 on the flagship Prince of Wales.”

La Torrecilla Beach

Death Before Glory: The British Soldier in the West Indies in the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars 1793-1815, Dr. Martin Howard, Pen and Sword Military (September 30, 2015), Chapter 8, Page 144, Par. 4

Hato del Rey

Day 16 2nd of may of 1797 Moderate climate & cloudy

On the 2nd of May the squadron was discovered as it had been at nightfall, and after the breeze entered, the began to take off, all of them sailing at about ➊ warships eleven thirty in the morning. The squadron followed towards the North and at dusk the most last ships were very separated of our positions. The efforts continued to introduce the artillery, ➋ munitions and other effects abandoned by the enemy, and for that purpose the cuts to the S. Antonio bridge were enabled.

“Notwithstanding the exertions made to reduce the place, the enterprise failed, and the troops were withdrawn on the 30th April. Previously, however, to effecting the evacuation, the artificers, to prevent the enemy following in the retreat, destroyed the bridge which connected the island of St. Julien* with the main; and afterwards hastily reared a breastwork of sandbags to cover the embarkation, which, however, was not required, as the expedition was suffered to leave the island unmolested.” *St. Julien = San Juan ‘History of the Royal Sappers and Miners, from the formation of the Corps in March 1772, to the date when its designation was changed to that of Royal Engineers, in October 1856.’ by T. W. J. Connolly, Quartermaster Of The Royal Engineers, Vol. I, 1797, London:Longman, Brown, Green, Longmans, and Roberts. (1857)

➋

San Antonio Fort & Bridge

159

Lugar de la Batalla del Roble en el Municipio de Río Piedras

Lugar del Campamento Inglés en el Municipio de Cangrejos

Iglesia de San Mateo en el Municipio de Cangrejos

Día 16

Los Alcaldes ordinarios pasaron al campo para providenciar se enterrasen con cal los muchos cadáveres ingleses que habia insepultos que podian infestar la atmósfera y producir resultados funestos. Se recogieron 28 dispersos de los enemigos.

2 de mayo de 1797 Clima Moderado y nublado

160

Trinchera Inglesa del Olimpo en el Municipio de Cangrejos

Battle of El Roble Location Municipality of Río Piedras

British Camp Location Municipality of Cangrejos

San Mateo Church Municipality of Cangrejos

Day 16

Ordinary Mayors went to the field to arrange for the burial with lime of the many English corpses that had been left unburied that could infect the atmosphere and produce disastrous results. 28 dispersed of the enemies were collected.

2nd of may of 1797 Moderate climate & cloudy

British Trench at Mount Olympus Municipality of Cangrejos

161

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➎ ➍ ➐

➏ ➋

➌

➎

➍

Tren de Artillería Británico Capturado

➏

8 cañones, 2 obuses, 4 morteros, 10 armones para junta de caballos y pertrechos y 11 carros grandes de municiones

➓ ➒

➊

Tercera Linea de Defensa o Antiguo Trincherón

➎

Día 17 3 de mayo de 1797 Clima Muy Bueno y Viento Moderado

➊

162

➋ ➌

Al amanecer del 3 no se avistò otro buque que una fragata que permanecia como bloqueando el puerto. Se recogieron 4 dispersos de los ingleses. De acuerdo con el Sr. Obispo se dispuso cantar en la Sta. Iglesia Catedral un solemne Te-Deum con misa y sermon que predicó el mismo Sr. Obispo, en accion de gracias al Todo Poderoso por los auxilios de ánimo que prestó en tan críticas circuntancias á todos los defensores de la plaza y á los habitantes de la Isla que volaron á su socorro. Para que á un acto tan religioso y justo asistiesen todos á manifestar general y particularmente el reconocimiento debido al Dios de los Ejércitos con el fervor que á cada cual dictase su cristiano corazon, se publicò en la ciudad dicha disposicion, y el ejército concurrió en la forma siguiente. Toda la guarnicion franca formó en batalla á las siete de la mañana de este dia en el campo de nuestra línea, y pasando al de columnas, emprendió la marcha en este orden. Formaban á la cabeza un cabo y ocho dragones, seguidos de dos piezas de campaña con la correspondiente

dotacion de artilleros: á corta distancia iba el General ejército á caballo, en uno de los que dejó el enemigo, ➍ del y se creia corresponder al general Albercombry, lo ➎ acompañaban todos los gefes de la plaza, comandante de marina, edecanes y ayudantes; seguia inmediatamente el ➏ cuerpo de franceses con su comandante D. Agustin París ➐ y sus ayudantes; una compañia del regimiento fijo con la música; el comandante del puente de San Antonio, ➑ ingeniero ordinario D. Ignacio Mascarò con los oficiales y guarnicion de aquel fuerte, tremolando el mismo pabellon que tan valerosamente habia defendido, y en el que se manifestaban los balazos que recibió en aquel puesto: el ➒ comandante del castillo de S. Gerònimo teniente coronel D. Teodomiro del Toro con los oficiales y tropa de aquella guarnicion y artilleros franceses que sirvieron en aquel ➓ puesto con su comandante Mr. Varron, capitan corsario de la república, tremolando igualmente el pabellon que con tanto denuedo habian defendido, y en el cual se notaban los balazos que le pasaron; toda la milicia urbana que entró al servicio de los pueblos de la Isla, cerrando la columna

la milicia disciplinada de infantería y dos cañones de campaña en el mismo orden que los de vanguardia y por último tres compañias de caballería. En este orden llegó la columna á la plaza de la Catedral formando á su frente en el orden de batalla, á cuyo tiempo se incorporó en ella el capitan de puerto teniente de fragata D. Juan Hurtado, con todo el cuerpo de su mando y la bandera de una de las baterías flotantes. Se introdujeron en la Iglesia los referidos pabellones triunfantes y se colocaron en el presbiterio durante la funcion. Se hizo una salva triple en los tiempos acostumbrados, principiándola las piezas de campaña, en seguida todo el ejército, é inmediatamente toda la artillería de la plaza y flotantes. Concluido un acto tan piadoso como cristiano se retiraron las tropas á sus destinos, quedando las banderas en la Catedral para colocarlas en la cornisa como trofeos de la gloria de esta plaza en su defensa contra los ingleses. La grata sensacion que causó la vista del ejército vencedor con los pabellones traspasados á balazos al lado

➑

de los valientes gefes que dirigieron la defensa, y la del mismo ejército que con tanto valor, constancia y bizarria la defendieron en honor y gloria de las armas españolas, conmovió tiernamente los corazones de todos, y rebosando en sus semblantes el júbilo y el gozo mas espresivos, prorrumpieron en aclamaciones, repetidos vivas y otras fieles demostraciones de contento y alegría.

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➎ ➍ ➐

➏ ➋

➌

➎

➍

Captured British Artillery Train

➏

8 cannons, 2 howitzers, 4 mortars, 10 limbers and implements and 11 heavy munition wagons

➓ ➒

➊

Third Line of Defense, also called Ancient Trench

➎

Day 17 3rd of may of 1797 Very good climate & moderate wind

➊ ➋ ➌

➑

163

La “Rojigualda” utilizada en puertos y fortificaciones custodiados por el ejército Español.

➊

Cruz de Borgoña — Bandera del Virreinato de Nueva España del cual Puerto Rico era una Capitanía.

Batallona de Infantería Coronela de Infantería

Castillo San Felipe del Morro

➋

Polvorín del Morro

➋

Maestranza de Artillería

Castillo San Cristóbal

➌

➋ Polvorín de San Sebastián

Maestranza de Ingenieros (Casa Blanca)

➋ ➌ Polvorín de San Gerónimo

Buques anclados en la Bahía de San Juan

La Tuna

Arecibo

Manatí

Aguada Aguadilla

6 de mayo de 1797

164

➊ En los dias 4 y 5 no se advirtió otra novedad que la de divisarse continuamente dos fragatas, que parecian sin duda ser enemigas y destinadas al bloqueo del puerto. En dichos dias y en el 6, sin embargo de la fatiga que habia tenido la guarnicion se atendió á varias faenas consiguientes al ➋ movimiento que causa un sitio en almacenes, ➌ parques, hospital &c. Se despacharon al campo las compañias urbanas que habian concurrido de los pueblos para la defensa. Durante el sitio tuvimos 42 muertos, 154 heridos, 2 contusos, 2 dispersos y 1 prisionero, Se hicieron prisioneros al enemigo 2 capitanes, 1 teniente, 1 subteniente y 286 individuos de tropa, inclusos los desertores.

Rincon

➌

Fortín San Gerónimo

Fortín San Antonio

La Puntilla

Día 23

Bandera Batallona de Artillería

Moca

Añasco Mayagüez

Utuado San Germán

San Juan Toa Baja Toa Alta Vega Baja Bayamón

Milicianos Morenos Libres de Infantería de Puerto Rico

Loiza Río Piedras

Luquillo Fajardo

Trujillo Alto Guaynabo

Yauco

Milicias Disciplinadas de Infantería de Puerto Rico

Juncos Caguas

Peñuelas

Hucares

Cayey

Ponce Coamo

Humacao Lima

Naguabo

Yabucoa Guayama

“Mayo 13.—Acabo de recibir una carta de Sir Ralph desde Port Royal, fechada, ayer. Tocó tierra en Puerto Rico el 18 de abril y avanzó inmediatamente a cerca de una legua del pueblo, que encontró en un estado de defensa, y ambos por su estado natural y por las fortificaciones es un lugar de considerable fortaleza. El General dice que hubiera sido sabio el no hacer ningún acercamiento, ya que su fuerza no era adecuada para la empresa. Sin embargo, el perseveró, hasta el 1ro de mayo, cuando, encontrando un asedio convencional fuera de lo posible, y un bombardeo a 2000 yardas sin efecto, determinó retirar las tropas. Perdimos cerca de 100 hombres muertos o heridos. Es causa de remordimiento que jamás se hizo el atentado, pero yo dudo si el nosotros haber tomado posesión de la isla es desafortunado. El gobierno está inclinado a mantener una fuerza muy pequeña en esta tierra. Por eso, estas numerosas y extendidas posesiones siempre permanecerán en peligro.”

The Diary of Sir John Moore Vol.1 Page 252

The “Rojigualda” raised over ports and fortifications by the Spanish army. Burgundy Cross — Flag of the Vicekingdom of New Spain, of which Puerto Rico was a Captaincy. Batal-

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lona de Infantería

Coronel's Infantry Flag

Castillo San Felipe del Morro

Artillery Regimental Flag

➋ El Morro Magazine

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Engineers Headquarters (Casa Blanca)

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Artillery “En tres de dichos mes, y año, se celebro Misa y Canto Te Deum en la Santa Iglesia Catedral, en accion de gracias, a que asistio su Señoria Ilustrisima de medio Pontifical, y Predico Arsenal un Sermon alusivo al asunto asistir igualmente a ella el Señor Gobernador y Capitan General, todos los Gefes de la Plaza los Comandantes de los Castillos de San Geronimo, y Puente de San Antonio como puntos avanzados, y Comandante de la Marina con las respectivas Banderas, que dejaron en dicha Yglesia, y a la inmediacion de esta se puso sobre las Armas toda la Guarnicion, la que hizo triple salva durante la Misa, e igualmente toda la Artilleria de la Plaza, Concluida la funcion de Yglesia acompaño su Señoria Ilustrisima al Señor Gobernador hasta su casa, y habiendole cumplimentado, como a principal defensor, se retiro a su Palacio, y a la hora acostumbrada volvio a casa del Señor Gobernador a asistir ➌ al convite, que tubo de los principales Gefes” “En cuatro de los expresados mes, y año, escrivio su Señoria Ilustrisima a su Majestad la enhorabuena, numero veinte y cuatro del Triunfo, que habian conseguidos sus armas sobre las de la nacion Britanica, y gloriosa defensa que habian hecho estos sus fieles, y dignos Basallos por quienes intermedio con el mayor rendimiento, a fin de que se les concedieron todas las gracias que fuesen conciliables con los intereses de la Corona...” “On the third of said month, and year, Mass was celebrated and a Te Deum Hymn was sung in the Church of the holy Cathedral, in thanks giving, which was attended by his Illustrious Excellency as medium of the Pontiff, and Preached a Sermon allusive to the event assisted equally by the Lord Governor and Captain General, all the City chiefs the Commanders of San Geronimo Castle and San Antonio Bridgehead as advanced points, and the Commander of the Navy with respective Flags, which were deposited in said Church, and immediate to her the whole Garrison presented arms, firing a triple salvo during the Mass, and equally firing all the City Artillery, concluded the function in the Church his Illustrious Excellency accompanied the Lord Governor to his house, and having complemented him, as principal defender, retired to his Palace, and at the accorded hour returned to the Lord Governor's house for a gathering with all the City chiefs...” “On the fourth of said month, and year, his Illustrious Lordship wrote to his Majesty the congratulations, number twenty and four of the Triumph, that their arms had gained over the British nation, and glorious defense that made by these your faithful, and worthy Vassals for whom he intercedes to his highest degree, so that all the possible graces are granted to them which can be reconciled with the interests of the Crown...”

➋ Polvorín de San Gerónimo

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San Gerónimo Fort

San Antonio Fort

Milicias Disciplinadas de Infantería de Puerto Rico

Milicianos Morenos Libres de Infantería de Puerto Rico

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Day 23 6th of may of 1797

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On the 4th and 5th of May, nothing new was noticed other than that of continually spotting two frigates, which no doubt seemed to be enemies and destined to block the port. During previous days and in the 6th of May, however, the fatigue which the garrison was due to several tasks consequence of the siege to ssupplies, artillery parks, hospitals etc. The urban companies that had traveled from the towns for defense were ordered back tothe countryside. During the siege we had 42 dead, 154 wounded, 2 with concussions, 2 scattered and 1 prisoner, 2 captains, 1 lieutenant, 1 lieutenant and 286 troopers, including deserters, were taken prisoner.

“13th May.—I have just received a letter from Sir Ralph from Port Royal, dated, yesterday. He landed at Porto Rico the 18th April and advanced immediately to within a league of the town, which he found in a state of defense, and both from natural situation and from fortifications a place of considerable strength. The General says it would have been wisdom not to have made any approaches, as his force was inadequate to the undertaking. He persevered, however, till the 1st of may, when, finding a regular siege out of the question, and a bombardment at 2000 yards of no effect, he determined to withdraw the troops. We lost about 100 men killed and wounded. it is to be regretted that we ever made the attempt, but I doubt if our not getting possession of that island is a misfortune. Government seem inclined to keep little force in this country. Therefore such numerous and extended possessions must ever be in danger.”

The Diary of Sir John Moore Vol.1 Page 252

165

1803

Fortín del Abanico Fort of the Fan

El Escambrón Océano Atlántico Atlantic ocean

Polvorín de San Gerónimo San Gerónimo Black Powder Magazine

El Condado

El Olimpo Mount Olympus

Bahía de San Juan San Juan Bay

Polvorín de Miraflores Miraflores Black Powder Magazine

Plano que comprende el terreno desde la plaza de San Juan de Pto. Rico hasta parte del Condado : en el que se manifiestan todas las obras provisionales executadas [sic] despues de la invasión ó tentatiba [sic] de los Yngleses [sic] en el año de 1797 de orden del Señor Capn. General de esta Ysla [sic] el Mariscal de Campo Don Ramon de Castro / lo levanto y lavo el Ayudante de Yngeniero [sic] Dn. Juan Manuel de la Cruz y lo concluyo en Puerto Rico en 18 de Marzo de 1801, España, Ministerio De Educación, Cultura y Deporte, Cartoteca Archivo General de Madrid, ES-DF AGMM PL PRI-24/1 2119246

166

A Obras exteriores del frente de tierra de la Plaza Exterior works before the walls of the City B Antiguo Trincherón Ancient Trench o / or 3ra Linea de Defensa 3rd Line of Defense o / or Linea de Retirada Retreat Line o/ or Trincherón del Charco de las Brujas Trench of the Witch’s Pond C 2ra Linea de Defensa 2nd Line of Defense D 1ra Linea de Defensa 1st Line of Defense E Batería del Escambrón Escambrón Battery F Apostadero de la Playa de las Zalemas Battery at the Beach of the Grapes G Reducto o Fortín de San Gerónimo San Geronimo Fort or Redoubt H Cabeza de Puente y Forín de San Antonio Bridgehead or Tet du Pont and Fort San Antonio I Puente de San Antonio San Antonio Bridge J Montecillo llamado del Rodeo Mount called Rodeo (Roundabout) K El Condado El Condado L Señal que manifiesta en donde estaba el punto mas alto antes del rebajo ejecutado después de la última invasión, y que superaba al piso alto del Fuerte de San Gerónimo, nueve barras Castellanas, un pie, nueve pulgadas y once lineas Letter locates where the highest point was located prior to being reduced after the lat invasion, and that was higher than the upper level of Fort San Geronimo, nine Castillian bars, one foot, nine inches and eleven lines M Baterías enemigas Enemy batteries N Cortadura que se hizo para impedir, o dificultar el paso a Miraflores Terrain cuts opened to impede or make difficult the path to Miraflores O Isla de Miraflores Miraflores Island P Obras provisionales hechas en Miraflores Provisional works built in Miraflores Q Almacenes de pólvora y cuerpos de guardia Black powder magazines and guardhouses R Manglares y terrenos pantanosos Mangroves and swamps S Boquerón Large mouth (of a river or channel)

Mapas luego del Asedio Maps after the Siege

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“13 de Mayo.—Acabo de recibir una carta de Sir Ralph desde Port Royal, fechada, ayer. El desembarcó en Puerto Rico el 18 de abril y avanzó inmediatamente a una legua del pueblo, que encontró en estado de defensa, y ambas causas naturales y de fortificaciones un lugar de fortaleza considerable. El General dice que hubiera sido sabio no hacer ningún acercamiento, ya que su fuerza no era adecuada para la empresa. El perseveró, sin embargo, hasta el 1ro de mayo, cuando, un asedio común fuera de lo posible, y un bombardeo a 2000 yardas sin ningún efecto, el determinó retirar sus tropas. Perdimos como 100 hombres muertos y heridos. Se debe arrepentir el que se haya hecho el atentado, pero yo dudo si el no tomar posesión de la isla es desafortunado. El gobierno se inclina a retener una pequeña fuerza en este país. Por lo tanto esta numerosas y extendidas posesiones siempre estarían en peligro.”

Mayo 1797

Diario de Sir John Moore Vol.1 Página 252 Editado por el Mayor General Sir J.F. Maurice, K.C.B. Publicado por Edward Arnold, Londres (1904)

“13th May.—I have just received a letter from Sir Ralph from Port Royal, dated, yesterday. He landed at Porto Rico the 18th April and advanced immediately to within a league of the town, which he found in a state of defense, and both from natural situation and from fortifications a place of considerable strength. The General says it would have been wisdom not to have made any approaches, as his force was inadequate to the undertaking. He persevered, however, till the 1st of May, when, finding a regular siege out of the question, and a bombardment at 2000 yards of no effect, he determined to withdraw the troops. We lost about 100 men killed and wounded. It is to be regretted that we ever made the attempt, but I doubt if our not getting possession of that island is a misfortune. Government seem inclined to keep little force in this country. Therefore such numerous and extended possessions must ever be in danger.”

Mapa del asedio firmado por Charles Shipley, Mayor y Comandante del Real Cuerpo de Ingenieros el 24 de mayo de 1797 en Martinica. Map of the siege signed by Charles Shipley, Major & Commandant of the Royal Corps of Engineers on May 24, 1797 in Martinique.

The Diary of Sir John Moore Vol.1 Page 252 Edited by Major-General Sir J.F. Maurice, K.C.B. Published by Edward Arnold, London (1904)

Mapa del asedio de la ciudad de San Juan de Puerto Rico de 1797 dibujado dos semanas después del fallido ataque por los Royal Corps of Engineers. Map of the siege of the city of San Juan of Porto Rico in 1797 drawn two weeks after by the Royal Corps of Engineers. Great Britain War Office No. 1338

168

“The position of the Army now was: the 1st Brigade in front of Head Quarters the 2nd Bde on their Right the 3d on the right of the whole extending to the sea Tho I say the 1st Brigade were in front of Head Quarters twas in fact but only the 14th who were immediately there, for the other Regiment who composed that Brigade were distant of there, the 42nd in the rear and covering HQ Lowenstein Fuziliers in front of the whole about if I may be allowed the expression a short mile from the advanced works but covered in some measure by a rise in the ground...” Journal of Charles William Doyle, Brigade Major of the 87th Regiment MS A50, R Morriss, Guide to British Naval Papers in North America (1994), Special Collections, Kenneth Spencer Research Library, University of Kansas

Lt. Charles William Doyle

Brigade-Major and Gen. Abercromby’s aide-de-camp painted by Margaret Sarah Carpenter (Museum Fine Arts Boston)

— Names of Places in Doyle's Journal — The Town.................................................... City of San Juan The Citadel....................................... Castillo San Cristóbal Téte de Pont.............................................. Fort San Antonio The River.......................................... San Antonio Channel 7 Gun Battery.......................................Fort San Geronimo 2 Gun Battery............................. Condado British Battery 3 Gun Battery.....................................Main British Battery The Bridge.............................................Martin Peña Bridge The Small Bridge.................... Bridge to Miraflores Island The Magazine.....................................Miraflores Magazine Hutment*................ Encampment name alluding to huts Additional Doyle unit troop count: Royal Artillery............................................................200 Royal Engineers............................................................50 * Numbers in parenthesis are unit troop count in Charles Doyle's Journal. Mapa del asedio de la ciudad de San Juan de Puerto Rico de 1797 dibujado dos semanas después del fallido ataque por los Royal Corps of Engineers. Map of the siege of the city of San Juan of Porto Rico in 1797 drawn two weeks after by the Royal Corps of Engineers. Great Britain War Office No. 1338

169

Lt. Charles William Doyle

Brigade-Major and Gen. Abercromby’s aide-de-camp painted by Margaret Sarah Carpenter (Museum Fine Arts Boston)

170

El Diario de Charles Doyle Charles Doyle's Journal

171

Diario del Capitán Doyle, Mayor de Brigada del Regimiento 87 en el ataque abortivo a Puerto Rico en Abril de 1797 bajo el mando de Sir Ralph Abercromby. No traducido al Español en esta edición.

[Notepad PDF Page 100]

Journal of Captain Doyle, Brigade Major of the 87th Regiment in the abortive attack on Puerto Rico in April 1797 under the command of Sir Ralph Abercromby. Transcribed verbatim by José E. López from 1796-1797 notepad with Puerto Rico expedition written back to front. Lack of punctuation is identical to original.

Corps Strength Com Officers Artillery.................................200.....................................Lt Col Marlow A Engineers.............................50.......................................Major Shipley 26t Lt Dragoons....................163........................................ Capt Ditcher 14th of foot............................550......................................Lt Col. Burnet 42nd of foot...........................180..................................... Lt Col Stewart 53rd of foot............................481................................Lt Col Lightborne 60th of foot............................200.....................................Capt Campbell 87th of foot ...........................427......................................Lt Col Hughes Lew Fuziliers*.......................804........................... Lt Col Linderbounds Lew Chasseurs*.....................300....................... Lt. Col Schlammendorf Tobago Bk Corps...................150.....................................Major Glouster Total....................................3505............................................... R & File

MS A50, R Morriss, Guide to British Naval Papers in North America (1994), Special Collections, Kenneth Spencer Research Library, University of Kansas

Mon? To bi?y Vispr? de Duc? Richsli

[Notepad PDF Page 99] List of the Fleet employed against Porto Rico Ships Guns Captains Prince of Wales.............................................. Adml Harvey Capt Nowry Bellona....................................74..................................................Wilson Alfred Commodore’s Ship...........74..................................................... Totty Vengeance................................74....................................................Rufsil Tamar Frigate.........................38................................................. Martin Arethusa..................................30....................................................Wooly Perdrix Sloop of War...............24...................................................... Hay (Records show the captain as the future Vice-Admiral Sir William Charles Fahie KCB) Lapwing do............................ 28................................................... Barton Barbette.................................. 20..................................................... Lobbs Pelican.................................... 18................[Captain John Clarke Searle] ..........................................................................................Edward Kittoe Fury........................................ 16..................................................... Evans Zephyr.................................... 16.................................................... Lawry Buldog.................................... 14.................................................... Reeves Rakeen................................... 14........................................... Champman Roebuck................Transport 44................................................. Burrows Ulysees do............................... 44...............................................Lamprius Weymouth do......................... 24................................................ Passmore Coromandel........................... 24................................................Harrison (A 56 gun Fourth Rate previously the East Indiaman Winterton, Converted in 1796 as a 24 gun Troopship under Lt. Richard Harrison) Carron?.................................. 24................................................. Simpson Anna of Bengal....................... 24....................Gilmore [Mungo Gilmore] Anna of Bombay..................... 24.....................................................Norne Suralts Castle......................... 24.................................................... Lowry * Lowenstein Fusiliers & Lowenstein Chasseurs

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[Notepad PDF Page 98 - Saturday, April 8th] Weymouth Transport journal from the 8th April Saturday at which time I went upon an Expedition which has since turned out to be against Porto Rico - Early in the morning of the 8th General Morshead came on board and told us General Abercromby had just left the shore, of course we should immediately sail, we did in about a quarter of an hour I must not neglect to mention how very much obliged our Regiment ought to be to General Morshead, who not only was the means of our making part of this Expedition but saved us from St. Lucia to which place the 38th was sent, but we inevitably should [Notepad PDF Page 97 - Saturday, April 8th to Tuesday, 11th] had it not been for his favorable report of us at 10 OClock today we were off Dominica, and St. Lucia is a perfect pair, pretty close, but not sufficiently so, to allow one to judge of the beauty of the Island in the Evening the wind fell a good deal we were becalmed all the night and part of that day Tuesday at Midnight we found ourselves becalmed off Guadaloupe some of our ships in the morning Monday 10th when the Breeze firsthand ran very close in, but the body of the fleet continued their course, and host signals were made; the idea of Guadaloupe being our destination, now vanished conjectures still numerous and various Porto Rico tho’ I think seems most prevalent, at 11 OClock we were abreast of Montserrat, and close enough to see that it was a very rich island, I mean from its cultivation, we soon passed Rodondo Rock which is close to it, and all in the Evening can guide close along the prettiest and apparently most Cultivated Island, we have yet seen Nevis, its vary small and I think very much the shape of a Sugar Loaf at 8 in the Evening we came to anchor Basseterre Roads St Kitts, close under the Admirals stern, but it was so dark, that we were not able at all to distinguish whether the island was, as we had been led to expect, a beautiful one. 11th Tuesday in the Morning, a signal [Notepad PDF Page 96 - Tuesday, 11th] was made by the Admirals ship for all the Brigade Majors and Adjutants Sir Ralph was on board this ship the Prince of Wales, I went on board and received the orders, which were that the Army was to be formed into 3 Brigades to consist of 1st Brigade Strength 2nd Brigade Strength 14th Reg.................................550 53rd Reg................................481 42nd Reg................................180 87th Reg................................427 Lowenstein Fuziliers..............804 60th Reg................................200 Total.................................... 1534 Total....................................1100 3rd Brigade Strength 26th Light Dragoons..............163 Lowenstein Chassuers............300 Tobago Black Corps................150 Total.......................................613 The strength I have collected from the different Adjutants; I am sure therefore of being right, this is only the early effective strength tho; We have 200 Artillery, I have not

[Notepad PDF Page 95 - Tuesday, 11th] learned what number of Artificers but the total strength of the Army exclusive of these, is 3450 R&F General Morshead as second in Com was attached to no Brigade, they were Commanded thus 1st Brigade..........................................Brigade Gen Hope 2nd...........................................Lt Col. under of the 60th 3d................Lt Col Schlammendorf Corp of Lowenstein The 3rd Brigade to act as a light Corps, I ought to mention we were joined here, by the 42nd, 60th and Tobago Black Corps; this is a Corps raised of picked Negroes from the different Gentlemens estates; they were originally formed to serve in an Expedition [Notepad PDF Page 94 - Tuesday, 11th] that was talked of some time ago against Martinique; the Admiral lay perfectly near the shore so near that I could see enough of it to make me wish to see a great deal more, from the moment I got on board the Weymouth again I teazed the Col in such a manner, that at last he gave me leave, off I went with great glee, but what has from having heard the miserable news of the loss of the 1st Feeling Pucked immediately upon my landing or from the realy wretched [Notepad PDF Page 93 - Tuesday, 11th] appearance of the Town, I don’t know, but I was out of humor with every person, and think I saw to be sore, tis a loss we shall feel very severely, and God knows how when we shall hear from our friends; but continue with the account, I mean all I can give of Basseterre St. Kitts which is the name of this Town. I am very sorry I can say one thing in its favor, on the Contrary I never was more disappointed, nor felt more vexed with myself, for having taken such a fagging walk, without the [Notepad PDF Page 92 - Tuesday, 11th] least satisfaction, or being at all afraid, by anything I saw, indeed horses were the only things that were decently good, they were by some chance infinitely better than those I had seen in any of the other islands, tis built irregularly upon a deep hole and the houses miserably bad, all of wood but merely these foundations and about three feet from the ground which is stone with the exception of but very few There is a large square, which is the Negro Market, where they sell Grass ___? ___? ___? those poor welchers are in general miserably clad which of course adds much to the ill appearance of the Town There were some very large and good warehouses, which indicated at least the trade of this place being good; indeed from the little I could see of the Country, it appeared extremely well cultivated which I am given to understand is realy the case, things here are excessively dear, for instance a goose is 25 shillings and in this proportion every other article that we were in want of and obliged to buy except Turtle. I could see but one poor little Foul of I understand three or four [Notepad PDF Page 91 - Wednesday, 12th] guns, so that I was led to think my friend Victor might at any time lend a few Privateers in here who would annoy them a good deal Brimstone Hill, so celebrated, was at the other end of the Island I was very anxious to see it, probably my curiosity would in some degree be gratified tomorrow, should Porto Rico be the object which I think is now pretty clear if it be we Shall pass it Wednesday 12th

The still various and numerous are the conjectures some say Eustatius, some St. Martin others that passing Guadaloupe was a feint and that we shall still go there Remained quietly onboard, nothing occurred until the evening when we were told there was a Guinea Man, that was to sail [Notepad PDF Page 90 - Thursday, 13th] for Old England at the same time we should leave St. Kitts until then an embargo was laid, this was comfortable news, in as much has it offended an opportunity of writing, Thursday 13th this morning the Admiral made a signal for the Alfred (74) and Tamar (Frigate) as fast sailing ships, to chase two ships that appeared off; I wrote a second packet of letters, and I went with them on board the Guinea Man the Captain said he should make the 1st Port he could and there pack in our letters, he had a large bag on purpose for them, I had some hopes so that [Notepad PDF Page 89 - Friday, 14th] they would go safe. Friday 14th This morning the Alfred and Tamar returned the ships proving to be friends, at 12 OClock noon, the Alfred (our Commodore) made the Signal for sailing, at 1 we were all under weigh, and in about half an hour my curiosity was in some measure satisfied, I mean with regard to Brimstone Hill, we passed close under it; They saluted the Admiral who of course returned it, which was pretty enough, it appeared very strong, as will by nature as art, and I think from the appearance its works, and lines, put me more in mind of Gibraltar, than any [Notepad PDF Page 88 - Saturday, April 15th] place I had ever seen, at about four OClock we were abreast of St. Eustatius, and at one time conceived it was the intention to attack it for the Admiral lay to, while three frigates ran close in to the shore, received a few shots, and only after, but as soon as they returned and spoke the Admiral, we again stood on, had a famous run all night and in the Morning of 15th Saturday were in sight of Santa Cruz, Crab, Saba, and all the Virgin Islands, at 11 am the signal was made by the Agent of Transports, to prepare for anchoring in Tortola Roads, or [Notepad PDF Page 87 - Saturday, April 15th] rather Drake’s passage, by which name tis better known here, from his having first discovered it; the entrance to these roads was realy the most beautiful thing I ever saw, tho perhaps with so large a fleet, rather dangerous; so very many Islands to pass between and the passage so very narrow we anchored about five or six miles from Tortola, and a mile and a half from little Bay I Return in the Evening with a vast deal of persuasion, I prevailed upon the Col to allow me to go ashore with the ships boat, that was going to fish; this little Bay was the prettiest thing I almost ever saw, and altho’ deep enough to allow a [Notepad PDF Page 86 - Saturday, April 15th] 74 to anchor in it, yet so perfectly clear was the water, and the sand so white, that we could even see the fish swimming along the bottom the hills round it form a perfect semicircle and are covered with Cotton Trees, which happened to be a full blossom and had a beautiful effect; upon the Top of the Cliff on the left side of the Entrance, was a very pretty cottage, a number of goats, Poultry and different kinds of Cattle, running about I added not a little to its Romantic appearance I left the boat to fishing and went up to the Cottage. I found a fine Venerable old man staring with all his Eyes at our Fleet, upon which he was son intent, that I got

[Notepad PDF Page 85 - Saturday, April 15th] close to the door where he was sitting before he discovered me, he started and seemed not a little surprised, however he soon became collected and entered into conversation with me The Questions he had, and his manner of Questioning, his Curiosity about all my dress, as fellas indeed the stile of his house and household appendages, realy put me very much in mind of my Old friend Rob Crusoe, what with his Goats Poultry and the last, not least in number his Black servants, two thirds of whom were women whose curiosity (naturally) was much greater than he so much so that he was obliged once or twice to send them away [Notepad PDF Page 84 - Saturday, April 15th] from the corner of the house, where they had crowded to see the Red Coat I had a long chat with him about Porto Rico which he said was buzzed about as the place of our destination but to true paid little attention to what he said for he began by telling me he had not been there for fourteen years, I of course thought his account must be very interesting and recollected that was probable I should soon be totally well informed upon that subject; fast before I left him, his old Lady a Creole who he said had been his worses half* upwards of forty years *versus “better half ” [Notepad PDF Page 83 - Saturday, April 15th] returned from a visit I was a good deal diverted with her curiosity, which exceeded all the others; I could plainly see she had been sent for, on purpose, as the Negro Woman who came with her was the first I had seen upon my getting to the house I wished them good nigh, and returned onboard perfectly contented with my little excursion, I think tis always just as well to go on shore every where; and see everything one can - The sailors had caught fish enough to give a meal to all the ships Crew, women?* and Officers This appeased *Women as part of 18th century Royal Navy crews was a fact. They were on a Transport Board East Indiaman, the HMS Weymouth. [Notepad PDF Page 82 - Sunday, April 16th] the Col who was rather angry angry my having staid so long away. In the Morning Sunday 16th The Old fellow came off to me, with a Goat, and some fish for which we bartered salt Beef and pork, of much more value to him than money; the old Boy very good naturedly brought me off a Shrub of the Cotton Tree, for in my ramble with him Yesterday, I happened to say how happy I should be, were it possible to take a tree of it home with me, and he very handsomely said that as I seemed to admire it yesterday he had brought it off and that if I would put a slip of it into a bottle of water, it would preserve and I might take it to England; I had not the means of giving it a try altho’ for my Brother Officers with the force of their Admiration, broke my poor Tree in [Notepad PDF Page 81 - Sunday, April 16th] pieces; while he was on board the signal was made for sailing, at about 10 OClock he left us and promised me faithfully to send by the first vessel or Packet, some letters that I gave him. Our sail today was early most beautifully Picturesque passed such a variety of Islands, indeed so many that I could not learn the name of about half of them, more not being laid down upon the map it was quite a party of pleasure coasting the whole way, until the Evening when we lost sight of them all only a short time tho’, for before it was quite dark, Porto Rico was in sight when the signal was made this morning I was just making

[Notepad PDF Page 80 - Monday, April 17th] preparations for reading prayers to the Regiment, but was obliged to desist the second time that has happened since we left Barbados; upon my honour I regret very much, for I think just at this moment it becomes totally necessary God knows now, when we shall have an opportunity again today I entered upon my twentieth year, our old Boys very good naturally after dinner drank my health in a bumper wishing me many returns of the day. At 12 at night the Admiral made a signal to live to day break the next morning Monday 17th opened to us the Island of Porto Rico about five leagues ahead at 6 OClock AM we stood in for the Island [Notepad PDF Page 79 - Monday, April 17th] at 1/2 past nine a signal was made to prepare for anchoring, at 1/2 past 10 we came to anchor in 27 fathoms water about two miles from the shore and nine times or ten from the town and Citadel; this gave a decisive answer to all our suppositions We could see any few houses of the Town, which appeared in a hollow in the rear of the Citadel we could not of course judge at all of it, nor inside of the Citadel, as I was by the help of our glasses only that we could make out any objects distinctly, as far as one might venture to judge, it appeared extremely strong, very regularly and well fortified, and to have [Notepad PDF Page 78 - Monday, April 17th] four tier of guns - we could see men in body’s move down to some work that were advanced but seemed trifling ones -Every preparation was made for landing by us (I mean on board the Weymouth) but no signal was made or orders received until the Evening when there was a signal for Commanding Officers of Corps Col Hughes of course went, and General Morshead altho’ no signal was made for him, went with him. Just as they got along side of the Admiral. The Signal was hoisted for General Morshead, it seemed exactly as if they neglected making any signal for him, but [Notepad PDF Page 77 - Monday, April 17th] upon seeing him along side, thought it as well, by hoisting his signal to make the appearance of wishing him to attend, but that was only appearance I can almost imagine altho as I before said General Morshead is the second in Command I can’t help venturing an opinion here, which indeed tho’ is not only mine, but every bodys; that tis a very singular thing, the 2nd in Command should actually be as little acquainted with the arrangements of the Commander in Chief, (and not only are arrangements but the common place incidents) as any Subaltern in the Army; he literally did not know

and Col Hughes soon returned and brought orders to hold ourselves in readiness to disembark two hours before day light, as far one could venture to judge from the conduct of the men, when the order was read to them, I am sure [Notepad PDF Page 74 - Monday, April 17th] we might promise ourselves that their behaviors upon actual service, would be such as one could wish but that hereafter “le temps aiudra même il nulpes bien loin”* when we shall judge from ocular demonstration - I never felt so much the comfort of having a spy glass as I did this day, it afforded me a assistance I could distinctly see the Spanish Troops moving along the beach in different parties, towards us, four small detachments attended by 6 Dragoons, were dragging each a piece of Cannon which they at first brought along was down the beach *the time will even be worth it [Notepad PDF Page 73 - Monday, April 17th] but afterwards drew them back again as if they dreaded the idea of a few Light Companies making a dash; I observed them distinctly halt successively upon arriving at a certain spot, when they left the Guns with a party of Blacks who appeared to be Pioneers* not soldiers who immediately began to throw up a work across the sand, the Partys who had been dragging and covering the Guns were busy in bringing fascines to them from the wood which by the way extends the whole length of the beach, and appears to be close along the edge of it; my reconnoitering was at last just an end to by *Black Military Engineers Corps [Notepad PDF Page 72 - Tuesday, April 18th] the setting of the Sun, I then employed myself after he Regimental preparations were made in packing up my baggage, yet methinks baggage conveys too heavy a sound for a flannel waistcoat and 1 pair socks which with Portugal Cloak compose my kit this my Black Servant was to carry. I filled my Haversack with two days Pork and Biscuits, my Canteen with Grog which with my Spy Glass fill to my share I must not forget my three false pills? which went tho in my Waistcoat Pocket of these hereafter, as I shall find they turn out well - Instead of disembarking this morning Tuesday 18th as was ordered the 1st Division of the Army consisting of 3d Brigade and part of Lowenstein Fuz*. *Fuzilier

[Notepad PDF Page 76 - Monday, April 17th] until we came to anchor that Porto Rico was the object of the expedition; This the General himself told me, and that when Sir Ralph did mention to him that was so he also said that he had not a creature with him from whom he could harm anything, respecting the local situation of the place or the temper of the inhabitants that he knew no more of the island than General Morshead did, (who knew nothing of it) but that it was the object and he must get through with it as well as he could, this I say General Morshead himself told me, was all that Sir Ralph had ever said to him about the business, never mentioned

[Notepad PDF Page 71] did not begin to disembark until five OClock, nearly an hour after daylight, with this division Sir Ralph went himself, The Fury & Perdrix Sloop of War kept up a brisk fire, in order to scour the shore, whilst the boats lay upon their oars, their rear, at last the firing ceased and the boats pushed off, this was realy* an awful, interesting moment every creature naturally in anxious expectation of their making good their landing, but of course uncertain of the turn things might take, at this moment a dead silence prevailed, I am sure in our ship a Pin could have been heard to drop, it was of short duration tho’ for as they approached the shore

[Notepad PDF Page 75 - Monday, April 17th] any arrangements that he intended making or had made for the landing, or the count of our succeeding in landing; in fact I do think the marked contempt with which General Morshead has been treated by Sir Ralph would have forced me (had I been in his situation) to have declined going upon the Expedition - The General

*Doyle spelled “really” with one “L” [Notepad PDF Page 70] a fire of Musketry commenced on the part of the Spaniards, perhaps just at that instant more than any other was anxiety painted strongly in every one’s 173

countenance; particularly as just then the boats seemed slack in pushing forward, at last the Musketry ceased apparently owing a few shot of grape from the long boat of the Prince of Wales which had a 24 pound Carronade in its bow, this seemed to have great effect upon the sailors who now pulled with spirits and soon reached the shore, some of the Tobago Corps unaccustomed to being shot at, fired from the boat before they landed, however luckily no accidents occurred from it and we [Notepad PDF Page 69] saw our people in possession of the shore; I again had recourse to my Glass, and could plainly see I supposed about three of four hundred at most of the Spaniards running along the shore in great confusion, but our party in the least regular, they halted when they reached that part of the beach where I had observed them throwing up a work yesterday in which O could now distinctly see two of the four guns; very close at their heels I am sure no more than half a mile from them followed an officer and I could count 22 men of the Chasseurs of Lowenstein, I took for granted a sufficient number of them were at the same time advancing in the wood, at [Notepad PDF Page 68] last this poor little detachment got within sight of the Battery and fired at from 4 Guns; they halted and shift aside into the wood leaving three men at a certain distance from each other towards the battery as Centries, just as this time I heard some one say a boat with a flag was passing us and going towards the Town, it was the case a Spanish Flag in a rowboat I could only distinguish a Lieut of the Navy in it, but what interested me much more was the boats coming off for us Our Flank Company is first Disembarked Col Hughes and myself first with the Grenadiers, major Butler with the Light Infantry on reaching [Notepad PDF Page 67] the shore, we informed General Abercromby fast moving forward with the greater part of Lowenstein Fuziliers 7 Companies of the 14th and the 42nd Regiment in all about 1000 men. the part of the 60th 53d and ours that were landed received orders to follow under General Morshead as the 84th look up a position exactly on the Ground the Spaniards had thrown up a breastwork to cover them in opposing our landing that is to say with the intention of making some opposition. It certainly would seem that they either wanted the means or will to oppose us, for realy from the stile of the beach which now proved to be skirted with a very thick wood [Notepad PDF Page 66] and in which if two or three hundred resolute fellows had thrown themselves; I would pretend to think they have prevented our landing ultimately, but that they would have occasioned great loss is certain and hindered the possibility of our advancing in such a hurry our loss I now learned in landing, was very trifling indeed 1 of Light Dragoon 1 of Tobago Corps killed 3 of Lowenstein Chasseurs wounded on their side 1 Spanish Officer and 15 killed and wounded and 2 taken Prisoners when we saw from miserable fellows as remained upon the Ground until past six? Clock, when the whole Army were disembarked, and some [Notepad PDF Page 65] few field pieces and medium 12 pounder. The 60th were left to cover the Guns and we moved forward to support General Abercromby. Our march tho not very long, was most extremely tedious and fatiguing to be sure there never was anything like the heat, altho we had but 8 or 9 miles almost to march, yet we passed eleven men of different Regiments lying at the side of the Road, gasping and apparently out of their senses, 2 of ours dropped down from the extreme heat, and several were obliged to give their Firelocks to the Serjts. in hopes of not being obliged to fall behind, however, with every exertion, five of ours dropped 174

[Notepad PDF Page 64] in the same proportion of the other Regiments, I carried the Firelock of one of the Grenadiers (who poor fellow was effected by the heat but wished to get on) for about 3 miles, but the sand was so hot and heavy, and in short I was so near falling myself from the same cause that I was obliged to drop stand for the 1st time experimented that a man can’t take half the exercise or undergo a tenth part of the fatigue in this Country that he can in Europe, I have very often, there, carried a soldiers firelock 15 to 16 miles intact anything like the heat of lag of this march I now experienced I found great comfort in walking up to my knees in the water every now and then, during the march [Notepad PDF Page 63] twas not only to me that the heat appeared to excessive, but to the whole Army many of whom had been through the great parts of the West Indian Islands and in South Carolina, yet agreed in thinking this, by much the hottest place they were ever at, to add to the misery of this march not a drop of water was to be had in the midsts of all our distress, we received intelligence that the Enemy had been driven from the work they had thrown up for those 4 pieces of Cannon, which had fallen into our hands, and were 12 Pounders, this report gave us new life, and the Man seemed to forget their suffering; in about [Notepad PDF Page 62] half an hour we reached and passed thru it, they had not even spiked the Guns or destroyed any parts of their Ammunition but the Guns proved to be but 2. 6 Pounders and 24 Pounders Brass. there never was so miserable a performance as this work, we got to our Ground at about six OClock Evening piled our Arms and lay down, not a little inclined to sleep, but afraid to indulge from the dread of being attacked every moment we were fortunate in finding water within a few hundred paces of this which was great relief by the boys I can’t help mentioning, tho’ a foolish trivial circumstance the [Notepad PDF Page 61] relief I received from Col Hunter who commanded our Brigade, I had between the soldiers and myself certainly made away with my Grog very early in the day, so that I now barely felt the horror of wanting even enough liquid to moisten my mouth, and was lying down anxiously awaiting the return of the watering party, when I received a message from Col Hunter to say he begged I would take share of his eatables, I would with great glee, and found him under a tree, with a ham and and some grog, altho’ I realy would have given the world for a [Notepad PDF Page 60] drink before I began to eat, he would not allow me to take more than a wine glass full, the comfort I’ll say luxury of his glass of Rum and Water, I can’t attempt to describe I learned from him that the sailors were very slack and backwards in pulling ashore when the Musketry began, he seemed to lay a great stress ??? on it too that besides the people I mentioned to have lost we had only seven men killed and 23 wounded this whole day, all of the 3d Brigade; and that Lord Craven (Col Nightingale of 38th Regiment attached to head Quarters) had a very narrow escape, as indeed had General Abercromby next to whom he was sitting; a shot passed through the seat upon which he was and immediately under him; I can’t help reflecting [Notepad PDF Page 59] here upon the serious consequence that would have been attendant upon the loss of General Abercromby; and that he ran to great a risque in landing with the very first boats, is evidence I am led to suppose the consequences would have been

serious, if not fatal to the Army, from his keeping so perfectly secret, even from the 2nd in Command his plan and arrangements; for how things could have been so unfortunate as to have lost him, I have no idea; with such a man as Sir Ralph I can’t help thinking it rash, his Character a brave man has been long [Notepad PDF Page 58] established, but indeed were it not I think an other opportunity of proving it, would have been as well and his disembarking with the 2nd Division would have left no risque of the unpleasant consequence that might have ensued I neglected to mention that the following was the order in which the Army were ordered to disembark 3d Brigade first, 1st Brigade second 2nd Brigade last we had an order this Evening for a very strong Picquet from each Brigade, from ours a Captain 2 Sub* 80 men, so strong a one was found unnecessarily tho’ and reduced to 1 Sub* 30 A Ridiculous circumstance that occurred during the night alarmed me not a little I was roused from a dose, by the report of a heavy fire of musketry I bounced up and upon looking towards the quarter where the sound came, which was immediately in our ear, observed several flashes among *Sub Lieutenant [Notepad PDF Page 57] the Trees, that bore exactly the resemblance of Firelocks that had flashed in the pan we are in the water of a very thick wood so that twas not a tale impossible, nor even improbable that the Enemy might have hoped our Picquets, however I recollected past them, to have heard of Fire Flies, which they proved to be; I don’t know whither I did not feel a secret satisfaction at finding when our Picquets came in at day break, that these selfsame flies were the means, when first they began to fly about, of their standing to their arms; the height they fly is just about that of a man which makes it ridiculous enough. To met with no loss tho’ the first fire, which was all on the part of the Spaniards, was very heavy but they kept a respectable distance. In the morning 19th Wednesday, a Chasseur of Lowenstein passed us that had lost his thigh by a cannon shot the one loss during the night of morning, tho the Cannonade since Day break was very heavy. A Prisoner too passed us in his way to Head Qtr he turned out to be Frenchman upon [Notepad PDF Page 56] his return I had a great deal of chat with him the cream of which was that for some time past they had been in hourly expectation of a visit from us. That there were about four or five hundred French men on the island, the Crews of privateer who had all of them prizes in the Harbour and were determined he said not to leave their property easily. That he was himself naturalized in the island, having lived in it fifteen years, but was obliged to carry arms, as indeed every man was The women had been all sent into the Country amongst whom was his wife, he said he had been forced to marry her by the law of the Island, tho’ she had lived with another man before, to whom she was not married yet such was the law - He supposed their force including Militia to be about 8 thousand men. That there were two parties in the Town, one amical to the English and he thought there were in wants of ammunition however there is so little dependance to be placed in the information received from [Notepad PDF Page 55] Prisoners in general that I took very little of what he said for granted, I could not laughing at n expression he made use of in the course of our Confab; “that at first they imagined it was one of their own convoys, and every creature was so joyful, but they soon discovered their mistake and were very well prepared to receive us, “car tous les canons etocant charges*: Some of our men brought me a horse; a miserable

one tho’ The support of our flag yesterday was pretty well explained by the answer we received today” from the Governor” that he would perish under the ruins of the Citadel. Shortly after the time received an order to move forward, we did, and took up a new position which to me appeared much too close and within Gun Shot. We were given to understand that we were likely to remain on this group some days so set to work to build Huts and if possible keep out the dew, which is incredibly heavy, so much so, as to wet *because the guns can be charged [Notepad PDF Page 54] thro’ a Portugal Cloak, Blanket, Coat, Waistcoat and even the very flannel I had next my skin; the only comfort is that the sun is so powerful, that you are dry in a quarter of an hour after it rises. The position of the Army now was: the 1st Brigade in front of Head Quarters the 2nd Bde on their Right the 3d on the right of the whole extending to the sea Tho I say the 1st Brigade were in front of head Quarters twas in fact but only the 14th who were immediately there, for the other Regiment who composed that Brigade were distant of there, the 42nd in the rear and covering HQ Lowenstein Fuziliers in front of the whole about if I may be allowed the expression a short mile from the advanced works but covered in some measure by a rise in the ground wide plane just after I had built my of some Cocoa Nut Branches I was agreeably surprised at finding y old friend Chapman ay my shoulder I had left him at Barbados with his uncle General Murry and feared he would have lost this [Notepad PDF Page 53] this opportunity of seeing some service, as his hopeful Cousin has who left England expressly for the purpose he said of seeing actual service and therefore remained at Barbados, tis true he will see serviced but twill be a service of good meal and poor Chapman did not look any well however he partook of my Pork and Grog and we had a good deal of chat, he’s on e of the best creatures in the world and I had in some measure made him my confidant while we were together in the York, and Chat was natural, at least to me very interesting and lasted until nine OClock, near three hours later than I had sat up since ashore we had strong Picquets out from each Brigade and a usual easy man lay down with his accouterments on, today our loss was very trifling 2 men killed 1 wounded Thursday 20th the whole Army were employed in making fanciness and gab ions until noon, when the 53rd Regiment were ordered to fall back and cover the landing of the [Notepad PDF Page 52] artillery, stores and _____ A few shot were thrown into Camp today from the Tete de Pont and General Battery likely they fired but few, and no accident happened, Lowenstein Fusiliers were not so fortunate, they were gutted within range of the Gun Boats, as well as Advanced Works, which were turned down so much upon their let Flank as to oblige several Companies to change their position, I am sorry to say with some loss, I understand 1 killed and 5 wounded. LtCol Marlow was directed to take some light pieces to the river side and endeavor to drive away the Gun Boats, but twas found impracticable. I had some chat with a Officer of Lowenstein Chasseurs who was employed yesterday in driving in a strong Picquet of the Spaniards, who were in possession of a Bridge directly to our rear about a mile, the engagement was very smart while it lasted, which was but for a few minutes, when they retreated with some loss and left our people in possession. Their loss was 3 killed 2 wounded 2 taken Prisoners ours much greater, 1 off killed (this young man’s [Notepad PDF Page 51] Captain & Brother to the Major of the Regiment I am sorry to add too an

acquaintance of mine) 8 Picqets? killed and 14 wounded. I learned from General Morshead that a flag had been sent by the Enemy this Morning. As the other one was on board the Admiral they purport, “that they hoped we should carry on the war as Englishmen and Spaniards had always been accustomed” The person who brought this flag was told that none others would be received except they hoped thro’ our advanced posts, for by passing along the shore as they had hitherto done they were enabled to observe everything that passed on the beach - we had 2, 18 Pounders and 2 Royals landed today the only artillery we have had hitherto with as excepting some few field pieces, and 2 medium twelves, Sailors were landed with them to drag them down to the river side, and open upon the Gun boats - The duty was very severe upon the Army this Evening, after having been at work all day making fanciness out of our Regiment (and in the same proportions did every other Regiment feel it) we finished 404 R and F out of 424 3 Field officers out of 4 every [Notepad PDF Page 50 - 21st Friday] Captain in the Regiment and 12 Sub out of 15 so that in fact the 87th had 1 Field Officer 3 Sub 23 P. in the whole Regiment who were not either going on or coming off duty and those coming off as usual lay down fully accoutered; The duty this Evening for Strong Working and Covering Party (I ought not to forget that fresh Beef today, I dined with General Morshead) The British lost no man today Tobago Corps 1 wounded Lowenstein 1 killed 4 wounded 21st Friday This morning early I rode down with General Moorhead to our Guns that had opened upon the Gunboats and drove them off without any loss altho there were four of them and there was a heavy fire kept up by both the Tete de Pont and 7 Gun Batteries we passed our our advanced posts towards their Batteries where we left our horses and crept on about two hundred yards past our most advanced Centries to a rising ground upon which was a small Bush behind this we knelt down and could distinguish even the features of the people in the works we had been there very few minutes when we discovered the Spanish Governor at least we supposed it to be him from his Suite and Equipage he was well mounted, with extremely rich furniture two lad horses in his rear equally richly caparisoned a party of Dragoons in his front and then in his rear his Aide de Camp and ____ all about him, they came out of the Citadel [Notepad PDF Page 49] and we followed them with our glasses down to the rear of the 7 Gun Battery where they halted upon a rising ground, the Dragoons in his front opened and we distinctly saw a soldier of Lowenstein Fusiliers from his white hat and clothing mounted more forward and point out we took for granted the Situation of our camp, when we returned to the Picqets General Morshead desired me to ask the officer whether he had lost any men during the nights, he said “yes, that one of the men of his Regiment whom on Centry deserted off his post and that he knew the man had served some years in the Spanish Army this left no doubt with respect to its being the very man we had seen we rode up to the Head Quarters and mentioned it to General Abercromby who we found just returned from the Picqet at the bridge, which had been attacked from the report of the Picqet? taken by a body of Militia, part of the 42nd had been ordered down to support but they had retreated before their arrival Lowenstein were the only people who were engaged, they had an Officer and five men wounded; none of them badly we learned that our loss during the night in throwing up, or rather in breaking ground, for no part of a work [Notepad PDF Page 48 - - Saturday 22nd] had been made, was very trifling, 1 of the 14th killed 2 of the 53d wounded, and 2 of the Light Dragoons wounded upon my return to Camp (If I may call it Camp) I found a poor man of the 60th which is upon our left had lost his leg by a 24 pound

shot while the poor fellow was cooking his dinner, it proved I was but too right in my conjecture of being within gun shot of their advanced works, the whole da both shot and shell, fell in the very centre of our heads thank god without wounding a single man of ours or indeed any other Regiment except that poor man f the 60th many of the shots passed over us and fell within 100 yards of Head Quarters which is at least half a mile in our rear. Strong workers and company Parties again this evening report says we are to fling up a work tonight within three 100 yes of the 7 Gun Battery Saturday 22nd When I asked this morning I found from the very heavy dew last night, I had caught a violent sore throat not likely to be easily gotten rid of at breakfast tho it appeared easier than I had imagined, I was hungry and managed to swallow my Pork and Grog with great good will, which entirely banish [Notepad PDF Page 47] all its symptoms however ridiculous this may seem tis realy the case when the working party who went out last night returned I found there was some foundation for the report yesterday of our throwing up a work so near theirs, but it seems tis intended to open against the Tete de Pont Battery and if their report be true, will astonish them with a little they said it perfectly enfiladed it and that we had not been discovered, I was determined to be a better judge from ocular demonstration, so set off for the Battery as soon as I had marked off the working party and was a little gratified at finding twas exactly as they told me. I could see the Buckles of the mens shoes, and the Carriage of one of their Guns I must confess it surprised me not a little to find our profile allowed to work so quickly, this Battery which I should henceforth call the 2 G Battery as tis intended for 2 18 pounders and 2 Royals was actually within three hundred yards only of the 7 Gun Battery but completely covered I mean from that, by a small will [Notepad PDF Page 46 - Sunday 23rd] covered with thick bushes, which allowed us to reconnoitre, without being seen; the Army were employed again today making Fanciness and Gabions in the Evening the Sailors passed our Camp (the road runs just upon our right flank) with the 10 Pounders and Royals. They continued to throw some few shot among us, without any effect tho’, therefore seemed more directed against Lowenstein Camp who was not so fortunate they lost 2 men killed and a man of the 14th who was in their camp sharing their spoil was wounded, tho Gunboats kept up a heavy fire today having moored off the Tete de Pont; five more of Lowenstein deserted, they belong to the Chasseurs and were French Strong Covering Parties were sent out to night, the working Party small the whole Regiment as usual an inlying? Picqet - Sunday 23d This morning we were very much dissapointed at finding our 2 Gun Battery not ready to open, the Sailors being so drunk and riotous that when they got near the Battery, the Artillery Officer was afraid to let them drag on the Guns lest they should be discovered from the noise they made, a heavy fire drawn on them just [Notepad PDF Page 45 - Monday 24th] at that moment would have been rather serious Jolly Jack is not to be trusted on shore; this was bad news, but still worse followed Chapman dined with me and told me that the Spaniards had thrown up an Epaulement with sandbags and casks which effectively prevented our taking them in reverse,however Vive L’Esperance, its to be hoped when our Battery does open, which will certainly be tomorrow, their Epaulement will tumble about their own shoulders - today as Yesterday a Cannonade rather more often upon our Hutment* but no further accidents A great number of horses driven in by Lowenstein and sold for 2 and 3 dollars apiece bought 2 to night my strong working and Covering Parties, some new work to be thrown up Monday 24th This Morning a little after daybreak a melancholy thing happened,

which was felt more severely by our Regiment than any other; the Working Parties that went out last night were employed in showing up a work for three 24 Pounders just in front of the Tete de Pont Battery and about 300 yes from it but to filly upon the 7 Gun Battery after having covered them close they lay down to rest in that part of the work intended for the Battery; which was of course in front of the Trench where the Covering Party lay *Humor [Notepad PDF Page 44] They had worked very hard during the night and perhaps confiding in their Comrades on the Covering Party fell asleep, it will be as well to observe here, that our working Party never paraded with arms (this was not the case at Valenciennes) they had lain down very few moments when they were roused by a shout of Charge, but before they could get out of the Trench (which they were desired to do by General Hope and Col. Hunter, who were sitting in the Trench with them, and were fortunate enough to escape, the several shots were fired at them) a Party of Men appeared on the Top of the Parapet, fired down into the Trench, and some few jumped in, Bayoneted 2 of our Regiment who were left dead on the spot, wounded 2 very badly and carried off we supposed 12 more, somehow or other they got safe off again into their boats, with the loss of but two of these who were found dead where some of the 53rd in the Evening went out to bury five of our poor fellows whom we imagined taken Prisoners, but now found dreadfully mangled and dead, as they did not know the Men’s names we did not alter our return, sent into Head Quarters which expected them among the 12 missing; Captain Dover [Notepad PDF Page 43] of the 53rd: who Commanded the working party and was in the Trench, was taken Prisoner at least tis hoped and believed so, as he was not found among the poor fellows cut to pieces. That the Covering Party were neither on their Guard or in their proper places is most certain or so infamous a thing could not have happened at least, they would have given a good account of these Fellows, but they managed to get off before General Hope and Colonel Hunter could collect and return with the Covering Company party who were under the Command of Captain Powell of the 14th. A few men that he collected were just in time to give them a few shot, and but a few had effect This Party that one can’t help calling Gallant, were certainly French men for Col Hunter distinctly heard them speak in French; had they not foolishly shouted before they got into the Trench I fear our loss would have been very great, but this served as an alarm, and many took advantage of it, it was unfortunate that our Regiment only were employed just at the part of the work these cursed fellows entered, of course we bore the brunt - as soon as they had returned [Notepad PDF Page 42] a heavy fire commenced from both their Battery and their Gunboats, entirely directed against this half finished work - not without effect. Captain Rind of the 53rd who was on the Covering Party received a dreadful wound in the left thigh supposed from his being so mangled by the splinter of a shell, I can’t help remarking that it seemed a judgement upon him, for when he went of duty last night he actually was so drunk that the Brigade Mayor insisted upon him falling out of the ranks he would not and I got Captain Blukenney of our Regiment to go down with him and in fact take Command of the Party - 100 men - 2 soldiers of the 14th 1 of the 42nd 2 of the 53rd and 2 of Lowenstein were killed, 3 of the 14th an officer and 2 of the 53rd an officer and 7 of Lowenstein Fusiliers wounded, an officer of Lowenstein Chausseurs but employed by us as an Engineer was killed today too, by the wind of a shot, at least there was no apparent wound and the moment the shot passed, which it did close to his head, he fell, and blood gushed from his mouth and

nose in short our loss today has been dreadful greater than any one day during the Siege of Valenciennes, I mean to the British, and before storming the covered way. The total loss these 12 hours 1 officer a Captain killed 2 officers a Captain and Sub Lt wounded, 1 Captain missing 14 men killed 14 wounded 7 missing It’s with shocking [Notepad PDF Page 41 - Tuesday 25th] to add ti the misfortunes of this day 7 more of Lowenstein Chasseurs deserted and two boats laden with Provisions were dashed to pieces by the surf 3 men drowned and the Casks which were Flour staved and spoiled Tuesday 25th this Morning things seemed to take a more favorable turn; Elated with their success yesterday, the Spaniards, or (I am again led to think) French) effected a landing last night at a magazine and guard house, which they had close to the river side upon the left and in front of the Position taken up by the body of the Army and immediately upon the left, at 2 miles distance of Lowenstein Fuziliers yet this magazine had hitherto passed unnoticed tho’ by the Covering Party at the Battery, which I shall call the 3 Gun Battery (opposite the Tete de Pont, but in opposition to the 7 Gun Battery) The Major of Lowenstein Fuziliers received intelligence of them being close under the shore in boats and in some force; He immediately detached 60 of the men of his Regiment 30 to the right 30 to the [Notepad PDF Page 40] left, an officer with each and 30 of the British under Lieut Campbell of the 42nd with directions to remain between the two parties and keep his people collected, the others were to extend to the right and left be cautious not to fire a shot, and allow them all to land; his orders were strictly adhered to, they were allowed to land, some of Lowenstein who had advanced next to them; which as things turned out, proved to be a lucky circumstance, for they immediately fired (although they certainly had seen but one man) and kept it up for near ten minutes never advancing or reembarking; determined therefore to meet them, if the 1st were the case and to retreat a few of them to remain behind were the latter, the Parties on the right and left closed in at the same instant that Lt S* with his detachment pushed forward *Lieutenant Stewart (St S)was corrected to Lieutenant Campbell at the top of the page. It is possible both were involved with additional troops, as the Spanish account of the numbers of British facing the Battalion of Freed Blacksof Puerto Rico (not French) at 300. [Notepad PDF Page 39] fortunately the wood did not extend entirely to the river side, so that they were able to fall upon then in a body which they did, killed about 50 of them, on of whom was a Lieutenant Colonel and a French man of Martinique by name of Jacques sank two of their boats and sent in four Prisoners the rest managed to get off leaving our people in possession of the magazine and Guard out of which all the powder had been taken, a great deal of it flung loose upon the waterside our loss was very trifling only five men wounded 1 of them tho’ died in the Evening I am enabled to give a pretty correct account of this business as I rode down to the Major whom I know, immediately upon hearing the firing, he told me with great glee “cons votes mon cher Doyle q’on a fail due 4 Prisoners” twas the Majors Brother who was killed at the attack of the Bridge on Thursday. He put me in [Notepad PDF Page 38] mind of this and concluded with saying “nous in’ed fires forms des Prisoners” in the afternoon I rode down with General Morshead, with whom I dined today, to the 2 Gun Battery where we staid two or three hours, in which time I am sorry to say 175

our poor little Army suffered a serious (tho it may appear trifling) loss, four of our Artillery Men were killed, that is to say three were killed on the spot, the 4rth had his thigh Broken and his right arm carried off completely so that I scarcely? imagine he could have lived up to the Hospital I say this is a truly serious loss for, with disembarking Guns, Stores and Ammunition and manning the works the Artillery men (of whom we have so few) are so constantly employed that the Party we found in this Battery under Capt. Ray had been in the work 2 day and nights and did not expect to be relieved until the next morning, he made several extremely good shots A Red flag that they hoisted in the Tete de Pont, in defiance us, for the Epaulement was falling to pieces, he twice knocked down, they did not hoist the Times the staff of their Spanish Colours too was broken when they again put it up twas scarcely visible above the parapet and all this done [Notepad PDF Page 37 - Wednesday 26th] by a single 18 Pounder for the right hand Gun of the two was perfectly useless all their endeavors to bring to bear upon the work were useless , nor could they account for it. Just as we were returning the Tamar Frigate came down and fired a few shots, but was at such a distance, as to have no kind of effect. I forgot to mention the Royal we have in this Battery and not of the smallest use. Captain Rey intended applying for a 3d 18 Pounder instead of them Wednesday 26th This morning our 3 24 Pounders opened, we could from the Hutment see the shot take place its to be hoped these Guns will be of some service after our Working Party had marched off I went down to this Battery and found we had besides the three 24 a long six Pounder that had play’d upon the Tete de Pont and a small six that was directed against the Gun Boats three of which were near the Tete de Pont, In my way back I stopped at our 13 inch Mortar Battery which was thrown up last night, just upon the left of lowenstein Fuziliers and the Depot; by a Party of our Regiment. They were just falling in, to march home, as I reached it, when one of our Grenadiers was hit on the [Notepad PDF Page 36] side of his knee by a 10 Pound shot, luckily it had cut down a very large Cocoanut Tree which broke its force so much s that no bone was broken, very many shot passed thro’ the Ranks but none towards this Battery will be pretty hot for tis directly in the range of the Shot intended for our 3 Gon Battery. I stoped at Col. Linderbond’s Hut and met there Col. Schlammensdorf who told me he had just returned from an excursion into the Country, at the other side the Bridge that he had fallen with a party of Cavalry and Infantry posted about 100 yards at the other side, the same he imagined that had taken 1 of his officers and 13 men the day before (a circumstance I had not before known) that he dealt roughly by them, killed fifteen and taken but 2 Prisoners 1 of whom was an irishman by name Fitzpatrick, of some Property in the island, he sent him up to Head Quarters where he was detained a few hours, but had leave to return to his estate upon condition of his promising not to carry arms again, he said he had been forced to do so and to serve in the Militia, he mentioned that the Officer of lowenstein was very well treated, but knew [Notepad PDF Page 34 & 35 - Thursday 27th] nothing of Captain Dover of 53d which led me to think he shared the same fate our five men did who were first supposed to be Prisoners but afterwards found dead. In the Evening a 10 1/2 Inch Mortar Battery, erected today, in the reproof our 2 18 Pounders opened, just about the same time 2 74 Gun Ships came down, The Bellona and Vengeance fired a far shot at the 7 Gun Battery. In my opinion they had better have remained quietly with the Fleet. Their shot fell short except 1 or 2 and only turned to show what very little assistance we could derive from them. I could not help think our friends of the navy afforded us as little assistance as possible 176

certainly much less than we were in need of. The time was, when boats would have would have been carried upon sailors shoulders across so narrow an isthmus as we have here and [uncovered on page 34] the Gun boats destroy’d; until they are I fear our progress will be very slow; however its possible the Navy may have good reason Thursday 27th Tis morning a very heavy fire was kept up by all our Batteries and but feebly answered on the part of the Enemy, particularly from they Tete de Pont which was silenced (lower page) for about an hour they however mounted a gun at the foot of this work and opened against us, a 12 Pounder only the Gun boats were turned nearer the Bridge and kept up a very heavy fire of Double headed shot, Grape Canister and cut bars of iron; which I am sorry to say did a great deal of execution by raking the trench in which the Covering Party of the 3 Gun Battery were posted 3 men of 60th 2 of 14th 1 of 53d 1 of Lt Dragoon and 2 of Tobago Corps were wounded, before they could be removed The Flag was cut down and the stone century box on the 7 Gun Battery knocked to pieces, but except this, little has been done by our 24 Pounders. The Spaniards have formed a strongly entrenched Camp about three quarters of a mile up the hill from the Advanced Works, it would seem as if they were determined to dispute every inch with us; besides this redoubt round their Camp which communicate with each other by a covered way, they are now hinging? up a Breastwork all along the shore the parapet at which they have covered [Notepad PDF Page 33] with Chevaux de Frizes, this is well meant? too in short greatly can’t help venture my own opinion, which is that after being 9 days ashore, we are just as far from carrying those works as we were the day we landed nor can I see the most distant prospect of our ever taking them until the Navy assists us, by taking the Gun boats, or at least furnishing us with boats for that purpose as well as for the purpose of carrying us over; I realy fear we built too much upon the conduct of the Spaniards at Trinidad, and as usual conceived no such army could withstand us. I am sure I pray it may not turn out so, but the appearance of things today is certainly not as favorable as twas the day we landed, when it occurred to me, and only to me, that they wanted both means and will to oppose; this tho’ does not appear to be the case just now - we are not one bit advanced towards the reduction of the place, have lost a number of men, those we have not lost harassed to death, never more than 12 hours off duty and growing sickly, not only from that fatigue [Notepad PDF Page 32] but the heavy dew and every night that wets (officers and men) as if they were to rise from a tube of water - we had fresh beef delivered to the Army today the first fresh meat we have had since our arrival, hitherto Salt Pork Biscuits and Water, has been our Breakfast Dinner and Supper I need not say how much we relish this, tho an insipid thing boiled fresh beef without salt or Vegetables. General Morshead said to me today Captain Passman was ashore so that there was an opportunity of sending onboard I went to his Hut and learned dreadful news from Capt P. that the Master, Clerk, and the whole of his long boats Crew excepting 2 men were drowned and the boat dashed to pieces, that he supposed upwards of 30 officers and men were lost, of the different ships, and 4 of the 14th Regiment by the the boats being dashed to pieces with the violence of the surf this was the case with 3 of the flat bottom boats, out of the 7 the Army had to (I was going to say reembark in) disembark in the whole beach

he said was covered with Casks belonging to the Company and wrecks of boats lost by endeavoring to land nearer the Camp ??? we did this ?day in order to save the walk along the sand he also said that if there should happen to us a gale? of wind he should not be at all surprised if the whole fleet were driven on the breakers which ran the whole length of the beach and from which they were not 3 cables length so [Notepad PDF Page 31] much for the Navy and so much for our situation in the event of such a thing happening. The Battery at the Magazine opened this log upon the Town; with 2 8 inch mortars from which we had been led to expect so much, I fear we reckoned without one Wash*, the shells did not reach the Town so much for our Mortar Battery and so much for the judgement of our Engineers. The Army received Public thanks from Commander in Chief today for their exertions. God knows they deserved it Friday 28th Again bad news which seems now much more prevalent than good 1of your 24 Pounders dismounted, 3 Artillery Men killed and 1 wounded by the same shot; 2 10 1/2 Inch Mortar that were intended for the Magazine Battery and twas expected would have had more effect than the 8 inch were swamped last night in dropping them down, there they must remain until tis dark and even then tis a Guess whether they will be able to get them out, this proceeded from the good management of our very active friends the Drunken Sailors; who have richly deserved this name day and night since they landed, now to wind up the happy and fortunate occurrence of today 9 men of Lowenstein Chasseur were wounded and an officer wounded and taken prisoner at the opposite side of the bridge; they say 25 of the Spaniards were killed; what then? a ridiculous thing happened with this party of *After firing, muzzle loading artillery is swabbed or washed to douse and extinguish any lit ember or burning residue that might ignite the following shot’s powder. [Notepad PDF Page 30] Lowenstein that went across, one of the Men strayed from his party and was charged by a Spanish Trumpeter who galloped up flourishing his sword The Chasseur fell upon a knee and held out his Rifle, as if to give it up to him - the Trumpeter stooped to take hold of it, at that instant Old Jeager pulled the Trigger, shot him thro’ the breast, pulled him off his horse, mounted, and rode off with his Trumpet and all accoutrements Lowenstein Fuzilier and our Regiment is furnished no men for duty today, nor for this Evening’s duty and received orders to be compleated to 60th Round of Cartridge and 3 flints a man no man quit the Camp, and that we were ever in momentary expectation of being called out; it certainly wore the Appearance of it; the 2 particular Regiments being mentioned, however both day and night passed without anything extraordinary recurring 29th Saturday today I rode down to the Bridge with Col. Schlammensdorf, having previously seen him, send an Officers party of 80 men to take possession of a small bridge and for’d about 3 miles up the river, across which several Parties he said had come, and this was immediately in our rear and until now taken no notice of - he mentioned to me that 18 Frenchmen of his Regiment had deserted service since our landing, but that he had last taken care no more should for he had such worry F.man onboard not even excepting Off Searts… we found upon getting to the Bridge a Picquet had been pushed up [Notepad PDF Page 29] the Country about 100 yes we rode to it a little beyond but found the Country just such as at our side, thick underbrush and swamps, of our part of the Country I saw

more today than ever since our arrival, for I rode about 8 miles into it and came out upon the beach very near where we first landed; except a few Sweet Potato fields and very few, the whole Country I rode thro’ was one continuous wood of Cocoa Nut Trees , Cashoo Nuts and Sea Vines, here and there an opened space which has invariably a swamp, the soil a heavy sand and no kind of Cultivation to be seen; The Nuts I found were all covered with dry weeds that extended from top to within about 2 feet of the Ground which makes them very cool by allowing the wind to blow in this is probably the intent, but except 3 poor old women, negro slaves who came in to us not a creature of the island has ventured near us, from whom one could have gained any information indeed tis not to be wondered for such a scene of Plunder as the fortnight has exhibited, never was, independent of the trifling business carried on by Lowenstein in our Quarters the Sailors and marines a Party of the latter was landed on the 26th to cover some stores that lay far up the beach opposite to the small craft - These good people’s [Notepad PDF Page 28] (blank blotting paper) [Notepad PDF Page 27] combined exertions were certainly the means of forwarding, the total ransack of all the Huts and destruction of all the Cattle and Poultry in the Country through which I passed, I wish much to have forlonged my ride but was afraid of turning myself knowing that I was for a 24 hour duty in the Evening I ought to mention that before I dared venture to go so far from the Camp after the orders of Yesterday I had then explained to me, and found there was no intention of calling us out, twas only because Lowenstein had expended a great deal of their Ammunition and we had landed with but 40 Rounds I dined with General Moorhead who wrote to me to say he would send me on duty with a belly full of fresh meat I learned here that a Major Riddle had arrived with the intelligence of three thousand Troops having reached Barbados who had left England the Early march it certain that 1 Regiment 43rd and 1 Company of Fusiliers had arrived but I fear twill turn out that 1800 is the Strength in the end. early I went to see Rind, who for the 1st time was visible I thought him infinitely better than I had any reason to expect; I found upon mu return to Camp (he was at house half a mile in the rear) the Parties push just about to fall in; I filled my haversack with Pork and Biscuit, and by Canteen with Grog; and marched off the Covering party of which O found I was the Commanding Officer as Senior Captain I took with me 2 Sub 100 Men to the 3 Gun Battery. [Notepad PDF Page 26] posted Captain White 2 Sub and 100 men on my left and in my rear to support me, Capt. Mead and Captain Powell 14th each with 100 men Off in proportion went to the Mag on the left one into the Battery, the other to support 2 Sub 50 went to the Battery on the Right (the 2 Gun and Mortar Battery) and 50 of Lowenstein took the out Picqet between the 3 and 2 Gun Batteries After reconnoitering any position, for I had never been outside the Battery I posted an Off; Sergt and 10 men at the foot of the Bridge, a Serjt. and 10 in the reproof this party to support, these two Dilate? ??? took up the same Ground as those I relieved, but upon examining swiftly their position, I found the Officers Party so completely commanded the bridge and the river on the right of it, that twas impossible anything could get access? without their knowledge, I took upon myself to post the the Sergeants party so as to occupy a position to the left of the Tete de Pont and Officers and guards twas at the ravine?? ( for the house had been burnt down) of a large white house close upon the

[Notepad PDF Page 25] river side, with very thick underwood all around it and extending to the Water Edge how it struck They might land any number of men without the possibility of being discovered, by either of the parties as they were before posted (apropos to this I was not a little flattered when upon joining the Army. General hope questioned me as to the spiking of the Guns, whether everything was quiet when I marched what me I had and so on and and and I mentioned to him the circumstance of having posted a party at the white house, to watch the motion of the Enemy on the left side of the bridge; he immediately said I had acted very properly, that he pointed out that very post, and desired it should be [Notepad PDF Page 24] be occupied the first day we erected that Battery ; and was surprised at my not having found me there) in my return to the officers party; I posted double Sentries* along the Edge of the Water; to communicate with his Centries, one of whom I found it necessary to take off, from the lighting of the moon, for although he was flat upon his face at the foot of the Bridge yet I was afraid he would have been discovered while the moon was up, for I could almost distinctly distinguish the features of the Enemy in the Tete de Pont I had a miserably fagging night, with visiting my Sentries every Quarter of an hour, and keeping my own party awake, which was not the least tireome part, for the poor fellows had almost all of them been on duty, until a *Clearly corrected from Centries with “C” to Sentries with “S” [Notepad PDF Page 23] a few hours before they went on with me; but this indeed has been the case with the whole Army, officers and men ever since we landed, off duty in the morning at 6 on again at three in the afternoon, sometimes too a working party to make fascines interweaving; therefore on both sides to night was very heavy, I was unfortunate enough to lose seven men killed nd eleven wounded - half an hour before daybreak I called in my Picquets and found nothing extaordinary had happened Since I last visited them, they all agreed that, the Enemy must have been throwing some new work during the night from the noise of dragging things, they had heard this proved to be the case at day break. I expected of course accordingly - at about eight OClock in the morning I was a good deal alarmed at hearing a very heavy fire of musketry in my rear, and the Horn sounding for [Notepad PDF Page 22] Line to fall in; as soon however as I had fallen in my party, I got upon a height in the rear, from whence I could discover that it was an attack upon the bridge in the rear of headquarters. I went to Captain White’s party to mention to him that it would no be enough to disturb his men, for I had found out from where the firing came, I had scarcely reached his post, which was about 100 yards on my left, where a very heavy musketry fire commenced, and seemed to come issued easterly from my post. I ordered Captain White to fall in his party, and send a officer with a few men forward with the wood to see what it proceeded from and ran back directly to my party fully imagining that I should find them engaged, my idea being that the moment the enemy formed from the fire commencing at the bridge, that the attack [Notepad PDF Page 21] was begun, had pushed over up the river not their and were actually forcing their way thro’ the wood to the Battery never was I more gratified than finding upon looking over the Parapet that twas a party of about 100 men who were ammusing themselves at our expense in turning to pick off the Artillery men from the Guns,

they had thrown up a breastwork of sand bags at the bottom of the Tete de Pont, we soon demolished it tho’ by directing one of our six pounders at it, and killed or wounded, for we saw them carried off, five of them - I had forgotten to mention that in the course of Yesterday Afternoon we killed or wounded 17 men, three boats full of people had come down he river with ammunitions to the Tete de Pont, at each of these was had two fair shots with our six pounders laden with [Notepad PDF Page 20] Grape and Cannister and saw the poor devils tumbling head over heels afer my shot - I sent off to Capt White to say evey thing was quiet; but did not long remain so, at least God knows I was not alquiet, for Confidential orders came down from Sir Ralph to say that the Army was that night to retreat, we were not to be relieved, but remain in the Battery till 12 OClock at Night, when we were to Spike the 24 Pounders destroy the ammunition and__ and cover the retreat of the army, taking with us the remaining six Pounder 1 having been sent for to support Col. Schlammendorf at the Bridge; twould not be very easy to describe my feelings just as this moments the idea of having to cover the Army with 400 men who had already been on duty 24 hours, and would now have another night; and a march of 10 or 11 miles thro’ the heaviest sand and can conceive, perhaps too harassed every inch of it bit the Enemy, this I say did not hold out the most comfortable (Both top and bottom used) prospect in the world, my only hope was that the retreat would be managed so secretly that the Enemy would not have time to send more than an equal number across the water to follow us, in this hope did I live until dusk when, after having posted my Picqets a I had the night before and returned into the Battery, I found the whole Camp, or rather Hutment in a blaze, the fire every moment increasing and the glare of light, consequently becoming more strong, so much so, that the Officer I had that moment posted sent in his Serjt to beg I would go down to him, for the light was so glaring, he feared his party would be discovered; what was the state of my mind at this moment, no one, who has not been in a similar situation can conceive, all hopes of not being discovered vanished, nothing before me, but to make a fight for the eleven miles with men harassed to death from fatigue, without a drop of water or any sort of liquid, against us perhaps three times their number, fresh, well supplied, and as men [Notepad PDF Page 19] in their situation must naturally be when in pursuit of a flying Enemy, in high Spirits, in short I realy had a had part to act, to appear myself in Spirits, in order to keep up those of the soldiers who had by this time learned from an artillery man, who came from Camp, that the Park of Artillery was reembarking, and of course pretty well guessed what going forward and were not in any high spirits (drawing meaning song) so tired too, that t’was out of the power of possibility to keep them awake, so much so, that even when fallen in, they drop’d asleep upon their Arms. Just as I set off the visit the Picqet, the fire suddenly abated or rather the light beams more faint from the wind directing the course of the fire along the back of the Hill. I therefore left the Sentries as they were, with directions to lay close upon their faces?, I ought not to forget the handsome conduct of Lieut Fraser of the 42nd Regiment who was one of my Sub’s (not a word about my other) and upon whom devolved the duty of the advanced post at the foot of the Tete de Pont, the first Evening as soon a I mentioned to my [Notepad PDF Page 18] Sub’s that it would be necessary to occupy again that post, as we ere not to be relieved he very handsomely said “If you will allow me Sir I believe I may venture not only

to offer my own Services but those of my whole Party for that duty, we were on last night consequently know the situation better, and the prosecutions necessary to be taken, than any fresh men you can send” - I thought it very handsome, thanked him very much but told him I could not hear of it, that it would not be fair, for twas a service of imminent danger however just before it grew dark, he came to me to report his party paraded and ready to match off. I could not refuse him, indeed to say time. I had then a very particular reason (Song symbol) I was sorry to find that two men had been discovered by one of my sentries, in the wood to the right of my post, at the side of the water and without Arms, from this circumstance and one of these having a White Hat [Notepad PDF Page 17] (The Reg? one of Lowensteins Fusiliers) I naturally concluded they were deserters; there was no possibility of attempting to call to them for the hark noise would have discovered my post and endangered the party; I dreaded them swimming across, which we could not have prevented and discovering the retreat; this was an additional comfort, but a still greater soon occurred at 11 OClock I was roused by the Sound of “Where, Capt Doyle? They’re coming up tho the wood to our left? I was just there walking round the men to keep them awake and on the left of the Battery I immediately turned my eyes to the left and saw a light certainly advancing thro the Bushes, I ordered my men to follow, but found upon reaching the light, t’was occasioned by the wadding of one of our own guns, which was blowing about by the wind when I turned round to desire some of the men to put it out, judge? of surprise and disappointment at finding out of my whole party, only 1 Serjt. and 5 men in my way back I met the rest, moving leisurely on returning their Ramrods, had I waited contrary to my positive orders, to load.A pleasant exhibition did this afford, that upon [Notepad PDF Page 16] such men, had I to depend; the hour at last came to Spike the Guns, after discharging them all destroyed the ammunition, side arms and called in my parties and wood? off, was found by the detachment of Lowenstein Fusiliers and 14th who with the Artillery Captain newton led followed by the Detachment of 42nd 87th 53d who brought up the rear. It is not any power to give the most distant idea of the misery we experienced during the march of Eleven miles without a single halt exerting momentary one’s to see that everything had been destroyed in the different Batteries and in the Park of Artillery. Not a drop of any sort of liquid had any one man, the Consequence of which was that as we moved along the Beach, the only means we had of moistening our parched muoths was by stooping for a mouthfull of the salt water. What a scene did the beach exhibit casks of Beef, Pork, Flour immeasurable strewn the whole extent of it for upwards of miles and these interspersed with the remains of boats dashed to pieces by the surf. every moment men crying out, the could die but once, and that they could get no farther, they had strength, I was fortunate enough in having two strong a tho? serjeants by who’s support I managed to get on, and at last of half past four reached the Army, lying upon their Arms, on that part of the beach, upon which had landed 14 days before with my very many different continuances and exhaustions a Breastwork was thrown upon the right of 87th into which that Regiment was to throw itself in the event of an attack. I threw myself down on the beach [Notepad PDF Page 15] in hopes of a few moments rest, by which I trusted I should be able to drive away a nasty feverish fall, I had during the latter part of the march, but was roused , and by Sir Ralph, who kindly gave me some Madeira, but, I could not keep it in my stomach I was so unwell he asked me a number of questions, as did General hope, and very affectionately with me better and sent for our Laskar just for me, in the

interim the boats came ashore and the Re-Embarkation commenced at about half after six; at then the whole Army, and fortunately all our sick and wounded wre once more afloat thus ended the expedition from which we were lead to expect so much, I must not forget that on the beach I learned the issue of the attack made at the bridge yesterday Lt. Col Schlammendorf who went down to support [Notepad PDF Page 14] with his Regiment of 1st Lowenstein Chasseurs was wounded in the head four men of his Regiment were killed and twelve of his and the Fusiliers wounded Enemy expulsed this latter Regiment eight and thirty men deserted the nights I went on duty - I have omitted to mention that the last day I lost 3 men killed and six wounded two of Artillery Men. The manner in which the troops were reembarked was certainly an excellent one all the small craft and Comy? Vessels ??? were brought within a little more than gun shot of the beach and in these were the troops first embarked and from [Notepad PDF Page 13] them just sent on board the different Transports by which means the Army were Embarked in half the time they otherwise would have been, had they been obliged to go alone to this E?sp?ction from boats which lay some of them 3 and 4 miles out it had the means tho’ of prolonging my percecution for, as the day was rough and the vessel a small Schonner (on board which I was put made me wickedly? seasick, the Doctor told me tho twas possibly the means of saving my life for I got rid of my fever in four days, 123 P?? ?? men and 5 officers including myself were taken ill the ??? day went overboard tho apparently perfectly ??ll when they left the shore Fever and Disentery we lost 23. A young man an officer of Lowenstein Fusiliers was just into the same boat that I was he told me which I did not know that the Bridge had been broken down by a party of ours the night we retreated that three of our artificers and 1 of his men were crushed to pieces by the arch falling in sooner than they expected and which is the worst part of the story, the whole [Notepad PDF Page 12] who were advanced a few 100? Picqet of his Regiment at the ??? ???g of 20 more exec??? only one Many deserted upon ??ding the Bridge broke down that the Officer L?? Pacales was to be brought to a Court martial

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Mensajes Messages

178

DE DOCUMENTOS ILEGIBLES DEL AÑO 1.797, RESPECTO AL SITIO DE LOS INGLESES, PUESTO A ESTA CAPITAL. Boletín Histórico de Puerto Rico, Dr. Cayetano Coll y Toste, Año 1 Número 1 Página 180 a 197, San Juan Puerto Rico 1914 Los originales fueron enviados a la Librería del Congreso de Washington, en 28 de Julio de 1.899. (Las notas del Dr. Cayetano Coll y Toste). 1.— Fuerte destacado de San Antonio Sr. D. Ramón de Castro. Su Comandante (1) da parte al Sr. Capitan General (2) como no tiene más que un solo cañón útil, los demás las cureñas están destruídas, tanto por los tiros enemigos como por el servicio que han hecho. Dos, que tenia de repuesto, están igualmente inútiles. El Castillo no ofrece en su vista otra cosa que pedazos, quitado el frente á la Ciudad, y aún este está con algunos balazos. La rampa para subir á la batería alta no se halla en estado de poder subir la artillería por ella y el cañon único que tiene lo ha inutilizado el enemigo... .... los metales y perdió por consiguiente su forma. No he reparado otra habitación, tanto para tropa como para los oficiales y municiones, que el cuerpo de guardia de la tropa, que está expuesto con todo a la Artillería del enemigo y tiene varios balazos; y como son tan continuos temo suceda en este como en la habitación del oficial, que después de los primeros balazos entraban las balas dentro y por consiguiente se inutilizó, La batería alta, aunque cubierta de los tiros de la batería enemiga de la punta del Condado (3) por la obra provisional, que á más de la que tenía ella le añadí esta noche; por la parte del monte del Rodeo (4) destruido todo sin merlones (5) porque los tiros del enemigo se han dirigido desde ayer tarde á desmontar el cañon derribado que se ha contruido. —Fuerte destacado de S. Antonio. —25 de Abril de 1,797 — Ignacio Mascaró. P. D.—Hasta ahora no habíamos experimentado que nos echaran granadas; pero de poco tiempo a esta parte parece que quieren acabar de destruir este edificio por ese medio. (1) D. Ignacio Mascaró y Homar. Catalán, Ingeniero Dirigió militar. la construccion del fuerte S. Gerónimo. Hizo la defensa del de S. Antonio, que no desamparó, a pesar del vivo fuego que hicieron con tra él los ingleses. Fué ascendido a Teniente Coronel, con Cruz pen gionado de Carlos III. Murió en la Capital el 2 de Octubre de 1.814. (2) Brigadier, D. Ramón de Castro, gobernador. (3) Estaba cerca del sitio llamado hoy Juana Matos. Era una batería de cañones de a 24 y36, . (4) El antiguo Olimpo, llamado hoy Miramar, y que está todo urbanizado. En este sitio situaron los ingleses otra batería. . (5) Cada uno de los trozos macizos que hay entre cañonera y cañonera.

2.—

4.—

6.—

Puente de San Antonio a las tres de la tarde

Sr. Gobernador y Capitan General.

Sr. Governador, Capitan General.

Sr. D. Ramón de Castro.

Me he entregado de este Puesto (1) y en él he hallado 803 hombres en lugar de los mil que V. S. tiene detallados, segun oficio que me pasó al efecto. No hai un soldado a Caballeria, ni auh, las cuatro ordenanzas señaladas para este Puesto, y hasta ahora no ha llegado un lancero de los 300 que igualmente deben estar en este puesto. Hago presente áV. S.igualmente, que con 162 hombres del Regimiento Fixo no hai un Capitan, siendo los dos oficiales, que se hallan, un Sargento y un Cadete de los Abilitados. Un Sar gento únicamente tiene y un tambor solo del Fixo. Incluyo á V.S. ese oficio del Comandante del Fuerte de San Gerónimo, (2) por si V. S. tuviese á bien tomar alguna providen cia, sobre su contenido y sobre la Nota puesta al pié de la Rela ción de los heridos. —Dios guarde a V. S. muchos años.—Campo delante de la Plaza. —25 de Abril de 1.797 —Benito Pérez.

Esta es la fuerza de que se compone el Cuerpo que guarnece el trincheron.

El Comandante de dicho puesto Da parte al Sr. Governador y Capitan General; que los enemigos siguen con la misma violen cia el fuego, con direccion á este Castillo, y que sus tiros yeren continuamente á la Tropa de esta Guarnicion, por carecer en un sitio tan angustiado, darme lugar apropósito para cubrirse. Aho ra mismo acaba de herir en una pierna á un soldado del Fixo, y el Cavallo al Teniente de Rey (1) que vino a visitar este puesto y á derrotado, y para suplir los fuegos de que carece por falta de cureñaje porque el enemigo me lo ha inutilizado con sus fuegos: Soy de parecer que la continuacion del Reducto, que yo trazé sobre la altura de la Cantera, se perfeccionase, y de este modo en caso de abandonarse este fuerte, nada ganaban los enemigos por quedar esta puente en filada, y dominada también. (2) Noticio á V.S. que tengo varias Municiones, que aquí no son de primera necesidad, y que por consiguiente podian á su tiempo retirarse.—Fuerte de S. Antonio, á las tres de la tarde.—Abril 25 de 1.797.— Ignacio Mascaró, (1) Brigadier D. Benito Pérez, de la Plana mayor de las fuerzas de S. Juan. (2) Para caso de una retirada y abandono del fuerte de S. Antonio se construyó un trincherón en el pequeño alto de la izquierda para res guardar también la espalda del fuerte San Gerónimo.

(1) La vanguardia de la Plaza. La retaguardia del enemigo la ocupó el Teniente Coronel D. Isidoro Linares. (2) El comandante D. Teodomiro del Toro, después de replegarsede la Torrecilla, donde estuvo entorpeciendo el desembarque de los ingleses, se puso al frente del castillo de S. Gerónimc. 5.—

3.—

Sr. Gobernador y Capitan General.

Fuerte destacado de San Antonio

Muy Sr. mío: desde el dia 19 del corriente, que salieron 300 hombres de armas de este paraje para el de Rio Piedras, segun carta que se recibió de V. S. con fecha de 17 del mismo, se están remitiendo todos los alimentos que se encuentran, como son Plátanos, Batatas, Calabazas, Names, á Rio Piedras para el abasto de aquella gente, segun consta por resivos que de ellos obtengo; y no se envia a Vos, ni Mais por no encontrarse, cuya condución se dificulta hasta el presente. Directo lo mando al Capitan D. Máximo Diaz, por no haberse hallado otra vía. Entregan dichos víveres y este dia se me da parte para que el Teniente áGuerra D. Rafael Roselló remita víveres al exército y que no dé lugar á que dándole parte á V. S. determine vigorosamente conmigo. En la ocación ejecuto lo que puedo dando lo que se enquentre en este pueblo como hasta ahora lo he practicado. Solicito en con sideracion, que como todos los vecinos se hallan empleados en las armas no pueden encontrarse las sementeras tan abastecidas para lo que se desea, pero crea V. S. que diariamente no ceso de poner eficases diligencias a fin de remitir quantos bastimentos me sea sea posible; todo esto Sr. lo hago presente á V.S. para que en terado provea las determinaciones que tenga por conveniente. —Dios guarde a V. S. muchos años. —Caguas, 25 de Abril de 1,797. B. L. M. áV. S. su afecto súbdito.—Eugenio Delgado.

Sr. D. Ramón de Castro. Su comandante da parte al Sr. Capitan General como una bala de cañon de los enemigos dió muerte a un soldado, herido dos y otro contuso, y que otra bala ha pegado en la boca del ca ñon que ha quedado en la bateria alta, habiéndolo inutilizado; también el enemigo dirige sus fuegos á la puerta principal, de manera que es inhabitable, porque la puerta es sencilla y el es paldar que se le ha hecho lo pasan las balas, y al dar en la mura lla salieron varios pedazos de piedra, que hacen mucho daño, siendo uno de los comprendidos yo, que aier tarde recibí una contusión. El cornisón que está encima de la puerta recibió un balazo que lo ha demolido enteramente; el fuego es insezante, y las desgracias se aumentan á proporción que da á V.S. este par te, y hai algunos contusos, que no sé el número, porque no puedo atender á todo. —Fuerte destacado de S. Antonio.—25 Abril de 1.797.— Ignacio Mascaró. P. D.—El mismo comandante solicita se sirva su Merced po ner á su orden una canoa, que vaia y venga a lo que se ofrezca, pues el paso ó salida de este Fuerte por tierra es sumamente peligroso. (3)—Mascaró. (3) El fortín de San Antonio era una simple defensa de entrada del Puente; después de este sitio se construyeron mas baterías externas, que miran al Este ySur y aun existen. El Fuerte fué derribado en 1.897.

NOTA.—Se le contestó, encargándole particularmente la remisión de víveres á esta Plaza con la gente que le quèdado.

Cabos Cuerpos. Caps. Subs. Sars. Tamb. y Solds. Total. Artillería. 42. 42. Fixo. 2. 1. 1. 162. 166. Milicias. 5. 10. 11. 494. 520. Negros de Cangrejos. 92. 92. Total. 5. 12. 12. 1. 790. 820. (1) Campo delante de la Plaza, 25 de Abril de 1797. —Benito Perez. (1) Las fuerzas con que contaba D. Ramón de Castro para la defen ga eran 300 soldados veteranos del Regimiento Fixo, pues el resto se encontraba en Santo Domingo. Las Milicias Disciplinadas que eran 15 Compañías de Infanteria, 2 de Artillería y nos, que 5 de Caballería. Los Urba usaban solamente lanza y machete, 2 mil. Y los negros de Cangrejos, que cita este parte, que pertenecían a la Compañía que co mandaba D. Pedro de Córdoba. 7.— Fuerte destacado de San Antonio. Sr. D. Ramon de Castro: Capitan General. Su Comandante da parte al Sr. Teniente del Regimiento, de que no puede recojer unos desertores del ejército enemigo, por que no han pasado y están sobre la cortadura del Puente, para lo que necesita se le remita una canoa ó bote. (1) Pase al Sr. Go bernador, para que pueda mandar lo que se pide. —Campo delante de la Plaza. —25 de Abril de 97.— Benito Perez. (1) Este parte pasó del castillo de S. Antonio a las avanzadas al Teniente a Rey D. Benito Pérez, quien ordenó en el mismo pasara a D. Ramón de Castro, para que la Marina enviara lo que que se pedía al Teniente a Rey. 8.— Fuerte destacado de San Antonio Sr. D. Ramon de Castro. Su Comandante da parte al Sr. Capitan General, de que aca ban de pasarse un Sargento y un soldado del exército enemigo: el rimero Frances y el segundo Italiano: los mismos que remito. — (3) Fuerte destacado de S. Antonio. —25 de Abril de 1797.—Ignacio Mascaró. NOTA,—Parece que ya ha venido Canoa, que fué lo que se pedia en el parte anterior. —25 de Abril de 1797. —Benito Perez. Nota. En este día se hicieron 15 prisioneros. El sargento era de Artillería y declaró que el fuego de la primera línea de defensa hacía mucho daño a los sitiadores. 179

9.— Sr. D. Ramon de Castro, Gobernador y Capitan General. Acabo de recivir el oficio de V. S. de fecha de 25. He dado todas las noticias yprovidencias que V. S. me prebiene, menos las de los Ganguiles y Piraguas (1) para el paso del Alferez de In fanteria D. Vicente Andino y el Sargento; porque ni unas ni otras existen á las inmediaciones de este Puesto; lo que noticio á V.S. como igualmente que el dicho oficial subsiste aqui, aguardando las órdenes de V. S.—Dios guarde a V. S. muchos años. —Fuerte de San Antonio, 26 de Abril de 1797.— Ignacio Mascaró. (1) El Gobernador Castro había dispuesto que los oficiales D. Vi cente y D. Emigdio de Andino, con 60 hombres, voluntarios, salieran de la plaza a unirse a la Linares, Columna Volante del teniente coronel D. Isidoro que operaba a retaguardia del enemigo, apoyándose en Rio Piedras. Gangwil es una embarcación de un solo palo para pescar en alta mar; la popa y la proa son semejantes, así que lo mismo navega hacia adelante que hacia atrás, cuando es necesario. 10.— Señor Governador y Capitan General. La batería de Miraflores será mas respetable de lo que V. S. tenia previsto, antes de que recibiese mi oficio, en que le dí parte, de los trabajos que hicieron anoche los Enemigos: pues acabo de observar que la que crehiamos paralela es abrigo para cubrir el muro de la cerca, y que en esta están abriendo las cañoneras que hasta ahora no se distinguían bien... .. ...de otra. Es regular que los enemigos en el interior están haciendo los trabajos propios a levantar el cañon á aquella altura, y en tal ca so haciendo de grueso calibre la pieza tambien será preciso guar dar á la misma proporción estos espaldones provisionales. Establecida aquella Bateria (1) queda descubierta y mui pe ligrosa la comunicación de la Plaza con los demas puestos avan zados, y será indispensable hacer el esfuerzo de un camino abierto o linea de comunicación, aprovechándose de las cercas que ya hi cieron las huertas que allí existían. “ Me mersuado á que para forzar el paso del Puente, querrán los enemigos al mismo tiempo batir en flanco este Campo; pero reforzando los espaldones, y estando pronto á ocupar el Parapeto quando convenga, se expondrán á ser heridos al hacer fuego sobre nuestras tropas, quando vinieron al ataque de esta Linea. Es quanto ocurre y es la una menos quarto del 26 de Abril de 97.—Benito Pérez. P. D.—Aunque fuesen dos mil las puertas convendrían de fenderlas todas y en el Reducto 1º me he visto precisado á hacer un zanjon de defensa con algun riesgo, pues los Enemigos esta van en partida por el camino. (1) La de Miraflores, por los ingleses.

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11.—

14.—

17.—

Sr. D. Ramon de Castro, Govérnador y Capitan General.

Sr. D. Francisco de Castro.

Destacamento de la Guardia avanzada de San Antonio.

Me ha hecho presente el Cirujano D. José Antonio Dorado, destinado en mi Fuerte (1) para ocurir a los heridos en su pri descubriéndolos los enemigos en benida y buelta, en que reciben ellos y sus conductores un bivo fuego, á el paso que notan sus cortos efectos. Considerando, que lo que expone es arreglado á razon y que puede trasladarse este hospital de sangre, á otra si tuacion oculta y á el paso de los heridos á la Capital, lo hago pre sente áV.S. por si se sirve accentirá ello, permitiendo se tras fiera á el trincheron.— Además, que este facultativo lleva desde el dia 17 engc. sirviendo, desque se salió á contener el desembarco. Teniendo el mérito de Haver sido herido y no lo han relevado. Dios guarde á y. S. muchos años.—San Gerónimo, 26 de Abril de 1797. —Teodomiro del Toro.

No me ha parecido bien que Vd. me haya comunicado por conducto de Mr. Marquez las resultas de la salida de D. Pedro Córdova. (1) Estas novedades y ocurrencias no deben trascen der al público, tanto por no desmayar á los nuestros como para no alentar á los enemigos; y así conviene tratarlas con la mayor reserva, aunque nunca dexaria de dibulgarse. Parece se duda de las circunstancias y otras acciones que no hay una noticia individual positiva. Bajo este concepto, no conviene enviar or den al Gobierno; en lo sucesivo espérome a ver iguales participa por estos medios ó por escrito. — Dios guarde á V.S.— Puerto Rico, 26 de Abril de 1797.— Ramon de Castro.

Sr. Governador.

(1) San Gerónimo. 12.— Sr. D. Ramon de Castro, Capitan General. Castillo de San Felipe del Morro. El Ayudante de dicho Castillo da parte a su General. Como se han hecho á la vela dos fragatas más, de las que estaban fon deadas en frente de la Boca de Cangrejos; Con las que se cuentan á la vela siete, con el bergantin; y se nota que hay tres más; con el velacho cargado como para salir. (2) —Puerto Rico, Abril 26 de 1797.—Manuel de Arroyo. (3) (2) La escuadra inglesa se componía de los navíos Reina, Príncipe de Gales, Venganza, Asia, Torvay, Mahomout, San Dámaso, Ma drás, 4 de la India, y 6 fragatas con un total de 14.100 hombres. (3) Teniente de Infantería, ayudante, que estaba en el Castille del Morro. Fué ascendido por el Rey a Capitán de Infantería. 13.— Sr. Capitan General. Participo a V.S. como se ha abierto la Puerta (4) para salir el Teniente Coronel D. Francisco de Castro (5) y al mismo tiem po para que entrasen sesenta y nuebe hombres del Partido de Coamo con destino a la defensa de la Plaza, y ocho soldados de Caballeria con sus Caballos de la Compañía de Añasco, los que remito áV. S.—Puerta de San Justo, y Abril 26 de 1787 — El Oficial de Guardia. (4) De San Justo, que daba a la Marina: estaba coustruida frente a la esplanada que da hoy al Banco Territorial y Agrícola. (5) D. Francisco de Paula Castro, capitán de fragata, a cuyas órdenes se pusieron 4 ganguiles, 2 pontones y 12 lanchas cañoneras, armadas ytripuladas. Cada una de estas baterías flotantcs tenía 2 cañones de a 16.

(1) D. Pedro de Córdoba, comandante de lá. Compañía de Negros, con el Sargento de Milicias Rafael García y setenta negros armados, en varias piraguas, sostenidas por cañoneras, desembarcaron en Miraflores para impedir que los ingleses tomasen este punto estratégico. Fueron arrollados con pérdida de 14 muertos y 15 heridos. 15.— Castillo de San Antonio, 26 de Abril de 1797. Certifico que Dionisio Perez, desertor del Fijo, se presentó en este Campo desde el día diez y nuebe deste, hasta el de la fecha ha ocurrido a todas las salidas y ataques que se hacen yha sufrido, y en todo ha mostrado su lealtad y amor al Real Serbisio; y a pe tision del Interesado doi este, fecha ut supra. —Francisco de Andino. (2) 16.— Sr, D. Ramon de Castro.

El Oficial Comandante de las armas, que queda en las avan” zadas Da parte al General, como el Teniente Coronel graduado D. Josef Vizcarrondo (4) el haber salido lastimado de una Bala de Cañon en una pierna. —Puerto Rico, 26 de Abril de 1797. —Esteban Belazquez. (3) D. Teodomiro del Toro, después de entorpecer, con cten hombres, el desembarco del enemigo en la Torrecilla. se replegó al castillode S. Gerónimo a dirigir la defensa de estc fuerte. (4) Don José Vizcarrondo, con cien hombres, ocupó la playa de S Mateo, para. entorpecer el desembarco del enemiro: después se replegó al castillo de S. Antonio.—Fué ascendido por el Rey al grado de Subeniente de Infantería y colocación efectiva en las Milicias. 18.— Sr. D. Ramon de Castro. . Mi General. Hacava de llegar a este Campo el Sargento de Milicias Felipe Cleimpaux con cincuenta hombres armados; me ha entregado el oficio de V.S. y será auxiliado en quanto sea posible. —Dios guarde á V. S. muchos años.—Roble, (1) 26 de Abril de 1797. — Luis de Lara. (2) (1). Así se llamaban entonces las afueras de Río Piedras: hoy es una calle de este publo, que ha avanzado mucho en su urbanizaeión en la parte que va a San Juan. (2) Era Subteniente de Infantería y fué ascendido por el Rey a Teniente del Fixo. ,“

Sr. Capitan General: con mi anteojo advierto establecen los enemigos una Bateria en Mira—flores, y caso de ser cierto, será de Morteros. Sin embargo de las muchas bombas que revientan á nuestro lado parece nos preserva la Providencia.—San Gerónimo, á las 9 de la mañana del 26 de Abril de 1797.— Teodomiro del Toro. (3)

19. —

[2] Comandante de una de las partidas volantes, que recorrían las avanzadas.

P. D.—Ponga Vm. á continuacion que es el total de prisioneros entregados en el dia de hoy. (3)

Para la Secretaria de la Capitania General. El Sargento comisionado de los prisioneros de Guerra, da parte de haver reunido onse desertores. —Puerto Rico, 26 de Abril de 1797. — Santiago Lope.

(3) Durante el sitio se hicieron prisioneros al enemigo 2 capitanes, 1 teniente, 1 subteniente, y 286 individuos de tropa, incluso los deser tOTS.

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24.—

26.—

Señor Governador yCapitan General.—Importante.

Sr. Governador yCapitan General. — Importante.

Sr. D. Felipe Ramirez.

Segun informará áV.S. el Sr. Comandante de Ingenieros se ha adelantado poco esta noche en la construcción del Reducto por falta de buena direccion. Para enmendarlo y concluirlo pronto, es urjentísimo lo siguiente: Que todas las Fajinas, Salchichones, Piquetes, que haya cons truidos y acopia los, vengan con toda la brevedad posible en las mismas canoas ó Piraguas hasta el canalizo, que está al lado de este Campo. Que, cala quatro horas, particularmente esta no che, vengan trecientos hombres; y por último que si V.S. no haya inconveniente, dirija la perfección de esta trinchera el Inge niero l). Ignacio Mascaró, en los ratos que pueda, respecto á que está delineado por él; y que le ha de servir de retirada, y para defender el paso del Puente, (4) que con tanta gloria y bizarría está él defendiendo. L.T.S. apruévase este pensamiento; será indispensable se le pase la orden á Mascaró para que lo ejecute, seguro de que en aquel Puesto tiene oficiales de toda su confianza para lo que pueda ocurrir. —Dios guarde á V.S. muchos años. —Puerto Rico, 26 de Abril de 1797. —Benito Perez.

Los enemigos luego que se han puesto a cubierto concluyen do su Paralela a este Campo, observo que han empezado a ade lantar un ramal ganando terreno hacia la Punta del Manglar, que avanza hacia el Puerto, sin duda para situar su batería lo más avanzada que le sea posible. . Si continuase el fuego del Caballero de San Cristoval, (3) bien dirijido al punto que indico, podria evitar mucho esos trabajos. Otra, envie con un Sargento de Milicias, seria mui apropósito, un Mortero en este Campo; y con conocimiento fundado, pues creo [1[: D Jayme O’Daly, Coronel de Ingenieros, bajo cuya dirección se empezaron las nuevas obras de fortificación en 1.766. Era dueño de la finca San Patricio, que hoy es de los Cerecedo, y la inmediata era de D. José Giralt. A estos lugares llegó una partida de enemigos, ocupan do el sitio Baña caballos. [2] Francisco Díaz, sargento de Milicias, que con una partida de 70 hombres, bien armados, que voluntariamente se prestaron, más 20 milicianos y 50 presidiarios, embarcados en piraguas, entraron por el Caño de San Antonio, el dia 24, a batir al enemigo en sus trincheras: lo que efectuó, trayendo prisioneros 1 capitán y 13 soldados. [3] Se mandó habilitar un mortero en el caballero del castillo de San Cristóbal. La batería San Martín, de este Castillo, también estaba dirigida a Miraflores, ocupado por el enemigo. esta situacion es muy peligrosa, y en caso de extablecerse sería vi” niendo tirado de Mulas ó Caballos y conduciendo al mismo tiem po todo lo que deviera servir para su uso, pues de lo contrario cuando pudiera servir ya seria tarde su utilidad. Estos tiros de Mulas óCavallos deverán quedarse aquí para poder retirar el Mortero. quando convenga. El travajo de los Espaldones en este Campo adelanta poco, por falta de útiles y expuestas; pues travajadores lo son la misma Tropa. —Dios guarde á V. S. muchos años.—Puerto. Rico, 26 de Abril del 97. — Benito Pérez.

En el pensamiento de cerrar el paso al enemigo por el Bo queron del Norte, no pudo retirarse ayer todo por que tenia desti nada la mayor parte de la gente a otras atenciones. En la noche de hoy se llevará á efecto. Su parte águerra dice ayer Azaldunguí, que estaba todo pronto y que solo le faltaba la gente necesaria. Esta de la . .... guerra hoy; que han de auxiliar áVm. ysus dis posiciones espero tener el logro á que avogo, pues de no conve nirme ver cerrado aquella pasa, sin duda puede.... ... de esta parte. Incluyo a V. S. el adjunto parte, por el cual se dexa entender la necesidad que hay de la continuacion del Reducto de que trata el parte de Perez para que proceda a perfeccionarlo con la posible brevedad. — Dios guarde a V. S. muchos años. — Puerto Rico, 26 de Abril de 1797.— Ramón de Castro.

(4) Puente de San Antonio, 21.— Sr. Capitan General. Sale inmediatamente la Canoa a las ordenes del Sr. Mascaró para cumplir las ordenes de V.S.—Estoy esperando al Mayor domo de D. Jayme O’Daly, (1) que V. S. me sita en su oficio á que contesto en esta fecha. —Dios guarde á V. S. muchos años. — Puerto Rico y Abril 26 de 1797. —Francisco de Castro. 22.— Sr. D. Ramon de Castro, Capitan General. Quando dixe á V. S. que estarian prontas las piraguas en el Puente de San Antonio á las diez horas de la noche pasada, segun V. S. me pedia en oficio de ayer, ya habian salido de este Muelle para aquel destino. Los oficiales que han estado de ronda me han participado averlas encontrado en dicho lugar, esperando los llamasen; y al mismo tiempo no alcanso el motivo que V.S. tiene de particular recombencion que, no obstante, habiéndose dado por mí el parte, completamante según sus órdenes, siendo la mayor constancia de esta verdad, no haver regresado dichas piraguas en ocasiones á esta plaza. —Dios guarde a V. S. muchos años. — Puerto Rico y Abril 26 de 1797. — Francisco de Castro 23.— Sr. D. Ignacio Mascaró. Vea áver si se halla en ese Puesto ó en el de San Gerónimo el sargento de 2” clase de Milicias Disciplinadas Francisco Diaz; (2) y en este caso remitalo inmediatamente á mi disposición; mán deme aviso de lo contrario. — Dio guarde á V. S. muchos años. — Puerto Rico, 26 de Abril de 1797. —Ramón de Castro.

25.— Sr. D. Ramon de Castro, Capitan General. El Capitan del Puesto queda enterado de la situacion, figura yy dimensiones de que deve convenir la Bateria de la Puntilla (1) con el ánimo pronto á executarla luego que tenga las fajinas, Gente y herramientas necesarias, haviendo quedado igualmente acorde en que yo daré algunas vueltas para aquel travajo, siempre que me lo permitan mis presentes ocupaciones.—Nuestro Sº guar de a V. S. muchos años. —Castillo de San Cristobal, 26 de Abril de 1797. —Felipe Ramirez.

(1) Sa, proyectó y trazó una batería en la Puntilla para hacer frente a cualquiera lancha cañonera de los enemigos, que pretendiese entrar en la bahua. Esta batería se llamó luego de Santo Toribio. 27.— Sr. Governador, Capitan General. El trabajo del Reducto queda suspendido por no haver venido los travajadores: Los honrados vecinos del Partido de Juncos, despues de haver estado de Guardia con sus Lanzas en esta trin chera, salieron al trabajo, que lo adelantaron mucho y se retiraron a descansar. El Teniente de este Partido Don Blas López (2) es acreedor á la estimación de V. S. por su celo y eficacia. — Campo de Operaciones, 26 de Abril del 97. — Benito Perez. (2) D. Blas López, Teniente a Guerra del partido de Juncos. El día 22 entraron en la Plaza 323 hombres de las compañías urbanas de Juncos, Arecibo y Cayey. 4

29.— Sr. D. Ramon de Castro, Gobernador yCapitan General. Continuan con actividad los trabajos de los enemigos en Mi raflores, y ahora que son las once menos quarto, veo entrar gran porcion de Negros con tablones, por lo que me afirmo en que allí tratan de establecer alguna bateria respetable. El cañon que tier nen montado entre el Almazen y el Cuerpo de Guardia, dirije sus tiros al Ponton y Ganguil, y haviendo visto yo que alcanzan sus tiros, ópasan el cumplido de uno a dos cables, no será mucho que adelantando mas las baterias tiren por bajo y nos inutilicen la Pólvora, por lo que conviene aumentar los espaldones de defensa; y no teniendo allí otras Armas; sería muy útil se condujesen allí mosquetes, carabinas rayadas ú otra especie de Armas, fácil de manejar y de más alcanze que el fusil: En la sala de Armas ha bía pedreros y el Señor Comandante de Artillería dirá si son úti útiles en este puesto.—Campo delante de la Plaza, 26 de Abril de 97.—Bto. Perez.—Se van adelantando en este campo los es paldones ypara los repuestos de los cañones voy á recojer todos los barriles (1) que sea posible. 30.— Sr. D. Ramon de Castro. ElComandante de las obras exteriores de esta Plaza, da par te al Sr. Governador yCapitan General de no haver mas nove dad, que faltar un hombre desde ayer, de los agregados al Fixo y estava de sirviente en la Artillería.—Puerto Rico, 26 de Abril de 1797— Francisco Torres. (2) El Sargento encargado de los prisioneros de Guerra da parte de haver recibido dos desertores.—Puerto Rico, 26 de Abril de 1797— Santiago Lope. (1). Con barriles y sacos llehos de arena defendían PérezyMascaró las comunicaciones entre 8. Antonio, El Trincherón y 8. Gerónimo. (2) Coronel del Regimiento Fixo de Infantería. . 31.—

28.— Sr. B. D. Ramon de Castro, Governador y Capitan General. En contestacion al Oficio que acabo de recivir de V. S. sobre si se halla en este puesto el Sargento de segunda clase de Milicias Diciplinadas Francisco Diaz ó en el de S.Gerónimo: digo, que des de anoche no he visto al referido Sargento, ni su gente, ypregun tado si existía en el puesto de S. Gerónimo, se me contestó que no; que es quanto debo decir, en contestacion al Oficio dc V. S., que acabo de recibir. —Dios guarde a V. S. muchos años. —Fuerte de San Antonio, 26 Abril de 1797. — Ignacio Mascaró.

Sr. D. Ramon de Castro, Governador y Capitan General. Participo á V. S. como barias Canoas de Palo Seco suelen benir de la Ciudad, despues que anocheze, y no teniendo estas y las cañoneras algunas contraseñas, con solo un hombre de su des tino, ronda de cañoneras (que es como responden), otras quales , quiera puede sorprenderme. Aunque el cavo de Artilleria dijo, que pediria á la Maestran za, Clavos y otros utensilios en el caso que se nezesiten...... Tampoco tenemos un cartucho de metralla, y me parece seria mas util para en caso nezesario. Aunque anteriormente se trajeron dos tinas de combate, estas las ocuparon con pólvora y pueden faltar quando mas se hayan menester. V. S. se servirá providenciar sobre estos particulares lo que tenga por mas combeniente. —Dios guarde á V. S. muchos años. —San Juan de la Cruz, (1) y Abril 26 de 1797. — Josef Martinez.

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35.

39.—

41.—

Sr. Capitan General.

Guardia del Cañuelo.

Sr. Capitan General.

Sr. D. Felipe Martinez.

El Teniente de Rey de la Plaza y Comandante de dicha linea da parte al Sr. Governador de haver llegado esta noche, viniendo como del Fuerte de San Antonio, el Negro que remito; por la confusa relacian parece que es esclavo de un Catalan, que vive frente al Sr. Obispo: que salió ó estuvo con el Sr. Teniente An dino y que se quedó atrasado. Acaso podía averiguarse alguna otra cosa. A este Puesto no ha llegado refuerzo alguno para completar los mil hombres que necesito tener en este sitio. Convendria que traigan alimentos, tengo aquí quarenta Ca vallos; que traigan Yerba y que se aposten detras del Cuerpo de · Guardia del Almacen de la Pólvora. —Campo delante de la Plaza, 26 de Abril de 1.797. — Benito Perez.

El Oficial Comandante de la expresada guarnicion da parte á el Sr. Governador y Capitan General, como la fragata Inglesa ha mandado dos lanchas á la ensenada de Punta Salinas; y una se retiró, y á la otra le acometieron y ella hizo fuego. —Castillo de San Juan de la Cruz, y Abril 26 de 1797. —Jorge Martínez.

En oficio que pasé a V.S. en la mañana de este dia, puse en su noticia que el Capitan del Ganguil no me habia participado que el enemigo habia colocado un mortero en el punto de Mira—flores, y precabiendo el bombarleo de la Plaza, dispuse que el Ponton y Ganguiles se situaran en la posición en que se hallan para dirijir sus fuegos al almacen y cuerpo de guardia de Mira—flores (1) ..... viveza que ha interciado tan importante... ....aprovechando sus tiros el mismo Campo enemigo, cuya operacion ha sido muy visi ble. Procuran avanzar, sin embargo, del vivo fuego, que han continuado estas baterias sostenido sobre seis horas, el Ponton lo abansé algo más. Para que el servicio de Bomba en el IPonton (2) se haga segun las intenciones de V. S. y mias. se lhas en necesario efectuarlo al anochecer y se destinó un Bombarlero de pericia por que el pedi do por el Sargento Garcia se ha retir a lo en esta mañana enfer —mo, y espero su sustituto para que en esta noche haga su deber. — Dios guarde á V.S. muchos años. — Puerto Rico, 26 de Al ri de 1797. —Francisco de Castro.

Aseguran que vino de Arecivo una yunta de Bueyes para el servicio del Rey. Con el mismo objeto ha ofrecido dos D. David Quintaud. Haga V.S. que inmediatamente conduzcan las yuntas á esta Capital los peones de servicio, á los que se le abonará ra ción diaria, como sirvientes en esta Guarnicion, y déme aviso que los remitiese. —Dios guarde á V. S. ms. as. —Puerto Rico, 26 de Abril de 1797 — Ramon de Castro.

33.— Sr. D. Ramon de Castro, My General. Conforme a las savias intenciones de V. S. de las prevensio nes que me ha hecho, y he procurado observar para el contra resto del enemigo, en la tarde de este dia previne el. Piquete del Fixo; la tropa y Sargento Grimpao, (2) y D. Paulino Garcia con dies y seis hombres, que compone su partida de voluntarios, y es tando listos marchamos ávisitar la avanzada en donde vimos cruzar un número de enemigos como que se dirigian para Puerto nuebo; en aquel momento acordé con las cortes de dichas Partidas dirigirnos á dicho sitio, y haviendo llegado en casa de Yague se observó que tiraban del Puente de Puerto nuevo; dispuse se avan sase á atacarlos como se verificó, habiéndose distinguido entre todos D. Paulino Garcia, quien como práctico hombre de conocimientos les cortó la retirada, yse consiguió la victoria haciendose prisio neros diezyseis, entre ellos un Teniente de Casadores yun Ca pitan de Artillería: los remito á V. S. con otro García yban igualmente inclusos cierto número de prisioneros heridos; en el citado combate no hemos tenido mas que un herido de urbanos, que tambien remito. Hago presente áV.S. que el Sargento de Caballeria Juan Antonio de Rivera me es muy útil por ser práctico en esta rivera y ser en su casa el hospital de sangre. —Dios guarde á V. S. mu chos años. —Roble yAbril 26 de 1797. —Luis de Lara. (1) (2). El castilo de la entrata del puerto llamado comunmente a Felipe Cleimpaux, sargento de Milicias, que fué ascendido al grado de Subteniente de Infantería. (1) Subteniente de granaderos del Fixo. 34.— Para la Secretaría de la Capitanía General. El Sargento encargado de los prisioneros de Guerra, da parte como se han sacado tres bombarderos, desertores, de orden del Sr. Gobrnador. —Puerto Rico, 26 de Abril de 1797. —Santiago Lope

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36.— Sr. Governador yCapitan General. Castillo de San Felipe del Morro. El Ayudante de dicho Castillo da parte a su General, como la fragata que estaba fondeada entre isla de Cabra y Punta Salinas se ha hecho a la vela: yse ha observado que las lanchas de la Plaza han hecho fuego a la que estaba cerca á la costa y que ella iba huyendo para afuera.—Puerto Rico y Abril 26 de 1797— Manuel de Arroyo. (2) (2) Teniente ayudante de Estado Mayor, que fué ascendido a Capitán de Infantería. 37.— Sr. D. Francisco de Castro. Conviene que inmediatamente disponga Vm, salga ó Piragua una canoa al puente de San Antonio, que esté allí á disposicion de mi Comisionado Don Ignacio Mascaró. He mandado se busquen y entreguen áVm. todas las Pacas de Algodon, que se encuentren, para emplearlas en Parapetos de las Baterias flotantes y demás vias convenientes á su resguardo. — Dios guarde á Vm. mu chos años. — Puerto Rico, 26 de Abril 1797. —, Ramon de Castro. 38.— Sr. D. Ignacio Mascaró. Cómo es que Vm. no ha recibido el oficio que le remití por el Subteniente Don Vicente de Andino hasta la mañana de hoy, quando este oficial salió de aquí con él á las dos de la noche ó antes? No puedo comprender el motivo: indáguele y déme cuen ta ahora. Mire que ha pasado la hora. . . ... y aquel tampoco está corriente; y respecto á que existen las Piraguas en que debian ha ber sido conducidas esas gentes al otro lado, puede Vm. mandar retirar á Don Vicente Andino y á Don Diego Garcia Pagan. — Dios gue. á Vm. muchos años.— Puerto Rico, 26 de Abril de 1.797. Ramon de Castro.

(1) Los ingleses batieron a D. Pedro Tomás de Córdoba y se apo de raron de Miraflores, donde levan.taron una batería con 2 cañones de 36, dos morteros y un obús, arrojando contra la ciudad una gran canti dad le granadas y balas incenliarias, que se quedaron cortans. (2) Este pontón tenía un mortero de 9 pulgadas. La Plaza disponía de 4 ganguiles, 2 pontones, 11 cañoneras, 7 lanchas de auxilio, 4 botes de auxuilio, 1 falu0bo, 1 guairo y 18 piraguas.

42.— Sr. Governador, Intendente y Capitan General. En cumplimiento de la orden circular de V. S. con fecha del 17 de Abril, remito ochenta hombres, que son los que he podido encontrar capaces de manejar las armas, los que van bajo la di reccion del Teniente D. Juan Vega y del Subteniente D, Josef Lopez, a quienes he hecho Ver la orden, para que enterados de ella, le den su debido cumplimiento; asiéndoles Cargo, de todo lo que en Contrario suceda por falta de éllos: y mandándoles los entreguen en esa Ciudad, a la disposision de V. S. Salen de este partido oy dia de la fecha de esta, y quedo, esperando órdenes de V. S. para darles entero Cumplimiento.— Nuestro Señor guar de a V.S. muchos años.—Aguada y Abril 26 de 1797 años; de su más humilde sudito y servidor.—Jpt. Gonzalez. 43.—

40.—

Sr. Capitan General.

Sr. D. Juan Medina.

Segun los Partes, que me he hecho dar, resultan inútiles es tas armas y necesitan pronto reemplazo: tambien se necesitan con urgencia, ahujas para destapar los oidos de los cañones y yerros con que destornillar, pues esta tropa nada de esto tiene, siendo todo muy urjente.—(2) Campo delante de la Plaza, 26 de Abril de 97.— Benito Perez.

Auxilie Vd. al paisanaje, que a las órdenes del Teniente á Guerra de Bayamon, Don Luis de Fuentes, está apostado en este distrito para contener el desembarco del enemigo, pues me asegu ran que lo está hacien lo en l?unta Salinas. Haga Vd. que todos se congreguen y unidos con el resto á las Compañias de Aguada y para resistirlo y precaverá ese vecindario del robo, rapiña é insultos hostiles; dándome cuenta de las resultas.—(1) Dios guarde a Vd. muchos años.—26 de Abril de 1797. —Ramon de Castro. (1) La Plaza tenía 300 soldados veteranos. De las Milicias Urba nas de la Isla entraron en la ciudad, como auxiliares, 2.442 hombres” De las Milicias Disciplinadas había 3.729 soldados. Total 6.471 hombres. más us www, que se utilizaron mutuamente en el ser VICIO).

(2) Es de extrañar este abandono en el armamento, pues el Gober nador Castro, en 12 de Febrero de ese mismo año, había reorganizado las Milicllas, formando 1 Regimiento de Infantería con 3 batallones y 4 eompañías de Morenos; y 1 Regimiento de Caballería con 3 escuadro dados para estar preparado a fin de poder resistir la invasión inglesa. Disponía de 3.367 fusiles y 189,000 cartuchos. Probablemente sería al gún armamento muy viejo el que tenían las Milicias,

44.—

47.—

51.—

55.—

Sr.Capitan General.

Sr. D. Benito Perez.

Sr. D. Francisco de Castro.

Sr. D. Ramon de Castro.

Relacion de las armas que se hallan descompuestas Piquetes en los de la linea, segun Relaciones que han dado los comandantes de los Piquetes que la guarnecen:

Ya hemos visto que el mortero del Enemigo situado en Mi raflores era para bombear la Plaza y conociendo que el alcance de un mortero no basta para conseguirlo es de creerse formarán bateria de cañones, como se ha observado trabajan al efecto. Con ella es preciso que ofendan mucho a la tropa establecida en la linea del Trincheron (1) por estar enfilada hácia aquel sitio. Con viene, pues, que para precaver estos perjuicios vea V. S. el modo en que podrán repararse sin perder de vista el reducto de que trata el oficio separado; en la inteligencia de que se ha de proce der á uno y otro trabajo con la mayor actividad, pues que así lo exigen las circustanncias.—Dios ga. á V. S. ms. as.— Puerto Ri” co, 26 de Abril 97. —El Oficial de Bara.

REGIMIENTO Fixo. Un fusil.......................................................................1 CUERPO DE MILICIAS. ..................................................................................fusiles En el Piquete de D. Francisco Dominguez.........6 En el de D. Juan Salgado.........................................4 En el de D. Vicente López....................................10 En el de D. Diego Urrutia......................................7 En el de D. José Dimas............................................4

(1) El trincherón se formó detrás del castillo de San Gerónino para defender este Fuerte por retaguardia, caso que se perdiera el castillo do San Antonio, sobre el cual el enemigo cruzaba los fuegos de las baterías del Condado y del Rodeo (antiguo Olimpo, hoy Miramar).

Campo delante de la Plaza, 26 de Abrill de 97.— Benito Perez.

48.—

45.

Sr. D. Eleuterio de Murgo.

Sr. D. Ramon de Castro, Capitan General.

A mi paso por San Xristobal, en la mañana de hoy, me dixo el capitan Don Andres Ximenez, que los Enemigos se dirigian a Miraflores con tropa y Artilleria. Haga Vd. que se avilite en la Esplanada el mortero de plaza montado en el Caballero del mismo Castilllo y que se ponga expedito para hacer fuego y ofender y desaloxar á los Enemigos de Miraflores, que están apostados con su artilleria en ese sitio. — Dios gde. a Vm. ms. as. —Puerto Rico, 26 de Abril de 1797. — Ramón de Castro.

Por estar el Capitan del Puerto y Oficiales Mayores en diver sas comisiones interesantes, me fué preciso hacer lo que hice, para . anticipar áV.S. el éxito de la comision de servicio de Pedro Cór doba, valiéndome de Mr. Márquez, persuadido de que asertaba, para que no se retrasara qualquier providencia que V. S. pudiera tomar al tener la citada noticia anticipada; reciba V. S. un buen deseo en la intencion mia, que no aspiro á otra cosa y á que el Rey sea servido, y que la Plaza triunfe de los inbasores. —Dios gue. á V.S. muchos años. —Puerto Rico, y Abril 26 de 1797 — Francisco de Castro. 46.— Sr. Capitan General. Hospital Militar.—El Comisario del Distrito da parte al Go bernador General y Intendente y Capitan General de esta Plaza é Isla, que con motivo de estar entrando bastantes heridos se pre cisa hacerle presente áV.S. como para el servicio de este hospi tal se necesitan por la presente seis hombres, los que pido á V. S. por no haberlos podido hallar por parte alguna.— Manuel Hernaiz.

49.— Sr. D. Ramon de Castro, Capitan General. Con la misma consideracion, y objeto que dirigí áV. S. con oficio de 16 de Septiembre, próximo pasado, una copia del extrac to de revistas de inspeccion pasadas al Batallon de Santo Domin go, acompaño ahora el de la que igualmente pasé á la Compañia del Real Cuerpo de Artilleria de esta dotacion, haviendo dado cuenta á S. M. de una y otra con los correspondientes Documen tos. — Dios guarde á Vd. muchos años. —Santo Domingo, 7 de Octubre de 1796. — Joaquín Garcia. 50.— Sr. D. Joaquín García.

Tengo que tratar con Vm. ahora y con el Capitan del Puerto. Sírvase de venir a esta Fortaleza, avisando al mismo Capitan, para que tambien venga —Dios gde. a Vm. ms. —Puerto Rico, 26 de Abril 97. —Ramon de Castro. (1) (1) La Marina Real estaba representada por el capitán de fragata D. Francisco de Paula Castro; el teniente de fragata y capitán de puerto D. Juan Hurtado y el auditor de Marina, Dr D. Manuel García.

El Comandante de las obras exteriores de esta Plaza, da Par te al Sr. Governador y Capitan General, de no haver mas nove dad, que faltar un hombre desde ayer, de los agregados al cuerpo volante y estava de sirviente en la Artillería.—Puerto Rico, 26 de Abril de 1797.— Francisco al Torres. (2) (2) D. Francisco de Torres era Coronel del Regimiento Fixo de Infantería.

52.— Sr. D. Francisco de Castro. Me informará Vm. como habiéndome contestado, que estarían prontas tres ó quatros IPiraguas en el Puente de San Antonio, en la noche pasada, según le habia pedido en oficio de ayer, no se ha verificado; habiéndose malogrado la empresa y frustrado en la idea que la incitó. — Dios gale. á Vm. ms. as. —Pto. Rico, 26 de Abril de 1.797.— Ramon de Castro. 53.— Sr. D. Benito Perez. He dado las disposiciones convenientes para que se reparen las faltas de tropas como de lanceros que hay en esa linea y de que V. S. me dá cuenta. Por lo que toca a la traslacion del Hospital provisional para recojer los individuos, dependientes del castillo de San Gerónimo, que solicita el Comandante de él, en oficio de esta fecha á solicitud del Cirujano Don Antonio Tirado, el mismo que ha formado la aclaracion de los heridos, inclusa el de V S. —Dexo á su presidencia como Xefe de linea, que arbitre y dis ponga lo que le pareciese conveniente; y para la conduccion de los heridos he mandado que del hospital provisional se devuelvan las parigüelas á medida que fueren viniendo. — Dios gde. áV.S. ms. as.—Puerto Rico, 26 de Abril del 97. — Ramon de Castro. 54.— Sr. Governador Capitan General. El Alcayde de la Real Cárcel da parte al Sr. Governador Capitan General; que l?elro Caso de la 2” del 1’ del Fixo, ha en tregado preso de orden de S.S. áJuan Romualdo de Leon, remitido de Guainabo. —Puerto Rico, Abril 28 de 1797. —Joaquín Ni colas de la Mosa.

Con el oficio que V. S. me dirijió, fechado el 7 de Octubre último, ha llegado a mis manos la copia que le acompaña del ex tracto de la Revista de Inspeccion, que pasó á la Compañía del Real Cuerpo de Artillería de la dotacion de esta Plaza, de que ha dado cuenta á S. M. con los carrespondientes ducumentos. Aví solo á V. S. en contestacion al citado oficio.—Dios gvarde a V. S. muchos años.— Puerto Rico, 8 de Noviembre de 1796.—Ramón de Castro.

183

Primer mensaje ilegible de la sección anterior traducido al inglés. De parte de Ignacio Mascaró, Comandante del Fuerte de San Antonio, en la Primera Linea de Defensa al Gobernador Don Ramón de Castro, en el 25 de abril de 1797, el día que los Ingleses abrieron fuego con su batería principal hacia las fortificaciones de la Primera Linea de defensa.

Reportes Reports

First illegible message from previous section translated to English. From Ignacio Mascaró, Commander of Fort San Antonio to Governor Don Ramón de Castro, on 25 April 1797, the day the British opened fire with their main battery at the fortifications on the first line of defense.

Sr. D. Ramón de Castro

Su comandante reporta al Capitán General que solo tiene un cañón util, todos los otros tienen sus cureñas destruidas o por disparos del enemigo o por el repetido uso. Las dos que tiene como repuestas están en estado inutil. El Castillo no presenta nada que no sea destrucción, salvo por el frente que mira hacia la Ciudad, {el muro Oeste del fuerte} y haste este lado a sido tocado por algunos disparos de cañón. La rampa de acceso a la batería alta no está en condición que permitiría subir artillería y el único cañón allí ha sido destruido por el enemigo. ...los metales y consecuentemente está deformado. No he preparado alojamineto para la tropa o para los oficiales y municiones. además de la guardia del puesto, que está completamente expuesta al fuego vivo de la artillería enemigay ya ha sido tocado por varios tiros de cañón, y, esos siendo tan continuos que me preocupa que la misma situación que ocurrió en el salón de oficiales se repita aquí, mayormente que después que los primeros tiros acertaron, las bolas de cañón penetraran y tuviera que ser abandonado. La batería alta, a pesar de ser protegida del fuego enemigo en la Punta del Condado por trabajos provisionales que añadí anoche a los que ya estaban allí, en el lado mirando al Monte del Rodeo {hoy en día Miramar} tiene todas sus partes destruidas y se encuentra sin almenas, debido al fuego enemigo dirigido directamente desde ayer en la tarde, para desmontar el cañón que ha sido ya emplazado.

Your commander reports to the Captain General that he only has one useful cannon, all others have their carriages destroyed either by shots fired by the enemy or because of the service they have rendered. Two he had as spares are equally useless. The Castle does not exhibit in its structure anything but destruction, save for the front facing the City, {the West wall of the fort} and even this side has been hit by a few cannon shots. The access ramp to the upper battery is not in a shape that would allow artillery to be brought up and the only cannon there has been destroyed by the enemy. ….the metals and it consequently lost its shape. I have not prepared habitation either for the troops or for the officers and munitions, other than the troops’ guard post, which is completely exposed to the enemy’s artillery fire and already has been hit by a few cannon shots, and, those being so continuous I am concerned that the same situation that took place at the officer’s room will repeat itself here, mainly that after the first shots hit it, the cannonballs were penetrating and it had to be abandoned. The high battery, although protected from the fire of the enemy’s battery at the “Punta del Condado” by the provisional works which I added tonight to the ones already there, on the side facing the “Monte del Rodeo” {Today Miramar} everything has been destroyed and left without merlons, due to the enemy’s fire being directed since yesterday in the afternoon, to dismounting the destroyed cannon which has been remounted.

Fuerte de Avanzada San Antonio el 25 de abril de 1797 Ignacio Mascaró

184

P.D. Hasta este momento no se ha lanzado granadas contra nosotros; pero por un corto tiempo y hasta el presente, aparenta que intentan conseguir la destrucción de este edificio de esa manera.

Advanced Fort of San Antonio 25 April 1797 Ignacio Mascaró P.S. Up until this moment we had not experienced having grenades launched against us; but for a short while and up to the present time, it appears that they intend to accomplish the destruction of this building by such a method.

Carta de Don Ramón de Castro a Admiral Henry Harvey sobre la bandera frencesa izada sobre el Fortín de San Gerónimo. Durante el ataque inglés de 1797, los ciudadanos Franceses residentes de San Juan ofrecieron descanso a los artilleros exhaustos, hizando su bandera por un día incomodando al general inglés. Letter from Don Ramón de Castro to Admiral Henry Harvey concerning the flag of the French Republic being raised over San Geronimo Fort. During the British Siege of 1797, French citizens residing in San Juan offered rest to the exhausted artillerymen, raising the their flag over San Geronimo for a day to the discomfort of the British General.

-Excmo. Sr. D. Henry Harvey. Comandante General de las fuerzas navales Británicas en estos mares.

-Most Excellent Mr. Don Henry Harvey. General commander of the British naval forces in these seas.

Excmo. Señor.-El oficial parlamentario D. Miguel Palatino, que en la mañana del dia de ayer, pasó á entregar á V. E. mi contestacion al oficio del dia anterior, me ha manifestado haberle V. E. insinuado, en vista de la insignia del pabellon francés, enarbolado en uno de los castillos de la plaza de mi mando, inmediato á la del Rey mi amo, no sabia con cual de las dos naciones debia entenderse V. E. La estrecha alianza de la república francesa con la nacion española me hizo condescender á permitir á un corto número de ciudadanos franceses que sirven voluntariamente á mis órdenes, el uso de su pabellon en el puesto que les he señalado, permaneciendo en el sitio de preferencia el español que V. E. habrá visto en los otros castillos; pero sin embargo para absolver dudas, que en cualquiera concepto puedan ofender el honor de las armas españolas, mandaré, luego que reciba la contestacion de V. E., que se arrie el pabellon francés, á fin de que, dude que con quien se ha de entender es con el Brigadier de los Reales egércitos de S. M. C., Don Ramon de Castro, Gobernador y Capitan General de la plaza é isla de Puerto-Rico, el mismo que satisfará á V. E. en cuanto se le ofrezca, como le manda su Rey, y le dictan su honor y conocimientos militares que no ignora la nacion Británica. Our Lord preserve Your Excellency’s life many years is our desire.

Most Excellent Sir - the parliamentary official D. Miguel Palatino, that yesterday morning, passed to deliver Your Excellency my previous reply to yesterday’s events, he has declared to me Your Excellency insinuated, in view of the insignia of the French Republic, unfurled over one of the castles of the plaza of my command, immediate to that of my King and master, not wise with which of the two nations should be understood by Your Excellency to face. The close alliance of the French republic with the Spanish nation caused me to condescend to permit a short number of French citizens that serve voluntarily under my orders, the use of his flag in the aforementioned fort, remaining in the place of preference the Spanish standard that Your Excellency will see in the other castles; but nevertheless to absolve doubts, that in any concept they can offend the honor of the Spanish weapons, I will send, as soon as I receive the reply of Your Excellency, that the French flag be lowered, to end that doubt, that with whom you face should be understood is the Brigadier of the Royal Armies of His Catholic Majesty, Don Ramón de Castro, Governor and Captain General of the plaza and island of Puerto Rico, the same one that satisfies Your Excellency in all that is offered him, as your King commands, as dictates our honor and military knowledge that does not ignore the British nation. Nuestro señor guarde la vida de V.E. muchos años como deseo.

-Puerto-Rico 20 de Abril de 1797. -Ramon de Castro

-Puerto Rico April 20, 1797. -Ramon de Castro

Relación de los Buques de Guerra y transportes con que abordó a la costa de Puerto Rico el Almirante Británico Henry Harvey desembarcando en la playa de Cangrejos el 8 de abril al romper el día mas de Ocho mil hombres de Tropa arreglada al cargo del General Ralph Abercromby con el objeto de apoderarse y tomar la Plaza capital de esta isla: a saber. Navíos 1...............................................................................De Cien Cañones 2...............................................................................De Setenta y cuatro 2...............................................................................De Sesenta y cuatro Fragatas 1...............................................................................De Cuarenta 2...............................................................................De Treinta y seis 4...............................................................................De Diez y seis a veinte Bergantines 2...............................................................................De Diez y seis a Diez y ocho Goletas 18.............................................................................Todas con Artillería desde seis hasta doce Cañones en Batería Marchanta para el transporte 31.............................................................................Incluía en estos una Urca grande para hospital, según se infiere.

Traducción · Translation Bergantín...............................................................................Brigantine Calafate............................................................................. Caulking Cañonera.................................................................................. Gunboat Chuzo.......................................Lance with a sharp and wide point Esmeril...........................................................................Swivel Gun Falucho.......................................Small boat with oars and lateen sail Flotantes..................................................................... Floating batteries Fragatas....................................................................................... Frigates Gánguil.......................Dredging low drafft vessel with dump hatches Goletas...................................................................................... Schooner Guayro Francés..........................French boat with double gunter sail Lancha de auxilio................................................................Rescue boat Maestranza................................................................Arsenal workshop Marchanta.............................................................................. Cargo ship Navios............................................................................ Ships of the line Organo.......................................................................... Volley Gun Piraguas.......................................................................................Pyrogue Pontón........................................................................................ Pontoon Urca....................................................... Large wide cargo or troop ship

Nota: Que durante los diez y seis días que han permanecido con su Bloqueo y Sitio han tenido a la vela uno de los Navío Chico y una Fragata, y un Bergantín, y dos Goletas que visitaban la boca del Puerto fuera de tiro de Cañón diariamente, y aun fondeaban en el espacio de la noche a sotavento con e fin de Sondear, y tomar conocimiento de aquel sitio obligando a nuestras Cañoneras a salir en su seguimiento muchísimas noches hasta ponerlos debajo del tiro de Cañón de su Fragata. [Puerto Rico 2 de mayo de 1797 Francisco de Paula Castro]1797 Defensa de Puerto Rico contra el ataque que le hicieron los Ingleses, Archivo General de Marina “Álvaro de Bazán”, España, Caja 22, Doc. 120-125, Pág. 75

Estado con que se halla el Real Arsenal Provisional de Puerto Rico el 30 de abril del 1791

Núm. Embarcaciones Cañones Calibre de ellos Fusiles Pistolas Sables

Flotantes Cañoneras Lanchas de Auxilio Botes de Auxilio Piraguas Para el trabajo de tierra, en la de corrida y playa Para conducir pertrechos Maestranza de Carpintería Maestranza de Calafates Cavos de Matricula y Prácticos

6 12 7 7 24 - - - - -

12 12 - - - - - - - -

de a 16 de a 6 y 4 - - - - - - - -

72 36 144 - - 24 24 - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Totales

240 60 296 36

Chuzos†

72 36 144 - 40 - 40 - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Tripulación

180 150 50 40 120 56 40 20 11 13 686

Relación y Estado de las averias que en los Ganguiles, Pontones y Lanchas he reconocido de orden del Señor Comandante de Marina Don Francisco de Castro en la visita que les he practicado hoy 4 de Mayo de 1797. Puente de San Antonio

Babor Casco

Babor Estribor Banda Casco Obra Muerta

Estribor Proa Banda Casco Obra Muerta

Proa Popa Banda Casco Obra Muerta

Popa Obra Muerta

Daño en otro lugar

Gánguil No. 2 - 2 balazos - - - - - - la lumbre de agua tiene uno de ellos 1 tapa balazos en la cámara Gánguil No. 3 - 3 balazos - 2 balazos - - - - en la banda de estribor la lumbre de agua tiene 2 tapa balazos en la banda de babor la lumbre de agua a proa tiene 2 tapa balazos un balazo partio la cinta en frente de la cámara Cañonera No. 3 - - - - - - - - Cañonera No. 8 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ensenada de Miraflores

Rompio un balazo el timón

Pontón No. 1 - - -

1 balazo en el aforro a proa

Tiene un rumbo en el espejo de popa y el timón partido con bala de cañón 16 balazos de fusil 4 remos con varios balazos

Gánguil No. 1 - 1 balazo a proa - 3 balazos a proa - - -

1 balazo al frente de cámara 1 balazo a una esquina de la cámara por rechazo a un barraganete en el mismo sitio la lumbre de agua tiene 3 tapa balazos 1 balazo a popa arrimado al agujero del botalón

Gánguil No. 4 -

1 balazo frente a cámara

1 balazo

Cañonera No. 1 - - - - - - - - Cañonera No. 5 - - - - - - - -

12 balazos de fusil 5 remos con varios balazos de fusil

Cañonera No. 11 - - - - - - - - - - - -

Varios remos de las lanchas partidos de cañonazos 3 remos con varios balazos

3 balazos - de fusil - -

1 balazo al cañón 1 balazo en la uña del Rezon

[Puerto Rico 5 de mayo de 1797 Francisco de Paula de Castro] 1797 Defensa de Puerto Rico contra el ataque que le hicieron los Ingleses, Archivo General de Marina “Álvaro de Bazán”, España, Caja 22, Doc. 120-125, Pág. 72

En la Puntilla para rondas de noches

† Chuzo — Hierro acerado con punta muy aguda y ancha que se colocaen un asta , y sirve para defenderse y ofender. Los antiguos usaban mucho esta arma, pero en la actualidad solo la marina. * Organo — Conjunto de varios cañones de fusil, asegurados uno al lado de otro y colocados sobre un afuste semejante al del mortero; se disparan a la vez y sirve particularmente para defender las brechas. Vocabulario Técnico del Material de Artilleria é Ingenieros, Don Emilio de Tamarit, Profesor de la escuela especial de Administración militar, oficial tercero de dicho cuerpo , socio de la Económica de Fomento de Sevilla , e’ individuo de otras corporaciones cientificas. Madrid : 1853.

Cañonera No. 2 - - - - - - - - Desguarnio la proa por mucho fuego de su cañón de bronce Nota: 1. Balazos sin especificar de fusil son cañonazos. 2. La cámara de los gánguiles es el espacio de las compuertas para cargar sedimento dragado. 3. Rezón - pequeña ancla de cuatro ganchos. 4. Rumbo en el Espejo de Popa - Abertura en la parte exterior de la popa desde el coronamiento hasta la bovedilla o la parte arqueada de los bajos de popa.

[Puerto Rico 4 de mayo de 1797 Francisco de Paula Castro]1797 Defensa de Puerto Rico contra el ataque que le hicieron los Ingleses, Archivo General de Marina “Álvaro de Bazán”, España, Caja 22, Doc. 120-125, Pág. 70

185

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Elementos de Fortificación en que se explican los principios y método de delinear las obras de la fortificación regular e irregular, los sistemas de los mas célebres ingenieros &c. Le-Blond, Maestro de Matemáticas, Traducidos al Castellano sobre la Sexta Edicion que escribió en frances,y de los Señores Condes de Provenza y de Artois &C. Madrid, por Dn. Joachín Ibarra impresor de cámara De S. M. (1776) Elémens De Fortification, de l'attaque et de la défense des places, dédiés au roi, A l'ufage de l'Ecole - Militaire de. la Compagnie des Chevaux-Légers de la Garde ordinaire du Roi , des Pages de la Chambre de Sa Majesté, de ceux de la Reine, Joseph Carez, Trincano, Didier-Grégoire, Imprimeur-Libraire. (1776) Embarcaciones portuarias y de tráfico interior en los puertos de Bilbao y Pasajes, Villar Ibáñez, José Eugenio, Issas Memoria. Revista de Estudios Marítimos del País Vasco, 2, Untzi MuseoaMuseo Naval, Donostia-San Sebastián, 1998, pp. 407-416. Gloriosa Epopeya, Sitio de los Ingleses de 1797, Neumann Gandía, Eduardo, Tipografía “La Libertad”, Ponce, P.R. 1897. Handbook of British Regiments, Chant, Christopher, Routledge, 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN Rutledge 711 Third avenue, New York, NY 10017, 1988. Historia de San Juan: Ciudad Murada, Ensayo acerca del proceso de la civilización en la ciudad española de San Juan Bautista de Puerto Rico 1521 - 1898, Hostos, Adolfo de, Instituto de Cultura Puertorriqueña, San Juan de Puerto Rico, 1948. Historical Record of the Eighty-Seventh Regiment, Cannon Esq, Richard, London: Printed By George E. Eyre and William Spottiswoode, Published By Parker, Furnivall, And Parker, Military Library, 30, Charing Cross. (1853)

Historical Record of the Fifty-Third, or The Shropshire Regiment of Foot. Containing an account of the formation of the regiment in 1755 and of its subsequent services to 1848. Cannon Esq, Richard, London : Parker, Furnivall, & Parker, 30, Charing-Cross (1849) Historical Record of The Forty-Second, or, The Royal Highland Regiment Of Foot; containing an account of the formation of six companies of highlanders in 1729, which were termed “The Black Watch’ and were regimented in 1739; and of the subsequent services of the regiment to 1844. Cannon Esq, Richard, London: Parker, Purnivall, And Parker, Military Libbamt, Whitehall. (1845) Historical Record of the Fourteenth or The Buckinghamshire Regiment Foot: containing an account of the formation of the regiment in 1685, and of its subsequent services to 1845. Cannon Esq, Richard, Illustrated With Plates. London: Parker, Furnivall, And Parker, Military Library, Whitehall. (1845) History of the Corps of Royal Engineers, Volume I, Porter, Whitworth Major-General Royal Engineers, London: Longmans, Green, and New York (1889) History of the Corps of Royal Engineers, Volume II, Porter, Whitworth Major-General Royal Engineers, London: Longmans, Green, and New York (1889) History of the Royal Sappers and Miners, from the formation of the corps in march im, to the date when its designation was changed to that of Royal Engineers, Connolly , T. W. J., Quartermaster of the Royal Engineers, In Two Volumes.—Vol. I. London: Longman, Brown, Green, Longmans, And Roberts. (1857) Instrucción sobre punterías, para el uso de los baxeles del Rey, Churruca, Cosme Damián de, La Imprenta Real, Madrid, 1805. Isla de Puerto Rico Estudio Histórico, Geográfico y Estadístico de la misma, Ubeda y Delgado, Manuel, Establecimiento tip. del Boletín, 1878. La fortificación abalartuada en América, Zapatero y LópezAyala, Juan Manuel, Instituto de Cultura Puertorriqueña, San Juan de Puerto Rico, Impreso en el complejo de Artes Gráficas Medinacelli, S.A., General Sanjurjo, 53, Barcelona-12, España1978.

Las fortificaciones históricas de San Juan de Puerto Rico, Zapatero y López-Ayala, Juan Manuel, MILITARIA, Revista de Cultura Militar, n.o 1 - 141-175 Edit. Univ. Complutense, Madrid, 1989. Lealtad y heroísmo de la isla de Puerto Rico, Infiesta, Alejandro, Imp. de A. Lynn é hijos de Pérez Moris, Puerto Rico, 1897. Letters and Papers of Admiral of the Fleet Sit Thom. Byam Martin G.C.B. Vol. I. Vesey Hamilton, Sir Richard, G.C.B. Admiral, Printed For The Navy Records Society (1903) Los Ingenieros Militares de la Monarquía Hispánica en los siglos XVII y XVIII, Cámara, Alicia, Ministerio de Defensa, Asociación Española de Amigos de los Castillos, Centro de Estudios Europa Hispánica, Fernando Villaverde Ediciones, Claudio Coello 99, 28006 Madrid, 2005. Los Tres Ataques Británicos a la Ciudad de San Juan Bautista de Puerto Rico Drake 1595 Clifford 1598 Abercromby 1797, San Juan Bautista de Puerto Rico, 1947. Blanco, Enrique T., Ediciones Borinquen, Editorial Coquí, San Juan de Puerto Rico, 1968. Máquinas y artes de construcción portuaria en la exposición de puertos y fortificaciones en América y Filipinas, González Tascón, Ignacio y Ramos Cabrero, Juan, Biblioteca de la Comisión de Estudios Históricos de Obras Públicas y Urbanismo, Ediciones El Viso, Madrid, 1985. Máquinas y artes de construcción portuaria en la exposición de puertos y fortificaciones en América y Filipinas, Mañas Martínez, José, La Comisión de Estudios Históricos de Obras Públicas y Urbanismo, Impresión Julios Soto, Avda. de la Constitución, 202. Torreón de Ardoz, Madrid, 1985. Memorias geográficas, históricas, económicas y estadísticas de la isla de Puerto Rico, Cordoba, Pedro Tomás de, Oficina del gobierno: a cargo de D. Valeriano de Santillán, 1831. Memoria sobre todos los ramos de la administración de la isla de Puerto Rico, Cordova, Pedro Tomás de, Imprenta de Yenes, Madrid, 1838 Nociones de artillería para el uso de los sargentos y cabos del arma, Santiago y Hoppe, Javier de, 2nda Edición Aumentada, Imprenta de J.A. García, Almirante, 7, bajo, Madrid, 1863.

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Las cañoneras de asedio del almirante, Pérez Carmona, Enrique, Comunicaciones, UNED - Campo de Gibraltar, Algeciras.

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The Naval Biography Great Britain: Consisting of Historical Memoirs of those officers of the British Navy who distinguished themselves during the reign of his Majesty George III. Ralfe, J., In Four Volumes. Vol. IV. London: Published By Whitmore & Fenn, Charing-Cross. Printed By L. Harrison, & Prince's-Street, Leicester-Square. (1828) The New Method of Fortification, with an Explanation of all terms appertaining to that Art. De Vauban, Engineer General of France. The Second Edition. In which is added, exact draughts of Dunkirk, Maestricht, Charleroy, Aeth and Mayence. London, Printed for Abell Swall, (1693) Viaje a la isla de Puerto Rico, Ledru, André Pierre, Ediciones Puerto, San Juan, Puerto Rico 2013. Vocabulario Técnico del Material de Artillería é Ingenieros, Tamarit, Emilio de, Imprenta de la Biblioteca del Notariado a cargo de J.G. Mancheño, Calle de la Magdalena, núm. 30, Madrid, 1853.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Bibliografía por Autor · Bibliography by Author Abercromby, James, Lord Dunfermline, Sir Ralph Abercromby K.B. 1793-1801 A memoir by his son, Edmonton and Douglas, Edinburgh, (1861) Anonymous, The Field of Mars, G. and J. Robinson, Paternoster Row, By R. Noble, Old Bailey, London, 1801. Baturone, Manuel, Principios de artillería teórica y práctica, Imprenta y Librería Espannola a cargo de Juan Álvarez. San Fernando, España, 1856. Blanco, Enrique T., Los Tres Ataques Británicos a la Ciudad de San Juan Bautista de Puerto Rico Drake 1595 Clifford 1598 Abercromby 1797, San Juan Bautista de Puerto Rico, 1947. Ediciones Borinquen, Editorial Coquí, San Juan de Puerto Rico, 1968. Brau, Salvador, Puerto Rico, Editorial Edil Inc., Puerto Rico, 1988. Brisbane, Thomas Makdougall, Reminiscences of General Sir Thomas Makdougall Brisbane of Brisbane and Makerstoun, BART. G.C.B., G.C.H.; D.C.L. of Oxford and Cambridge; F.R.S. L. and E.; F.R.A.S.; H.M.R.I.A.; President of the Royal Society of Edinburgh; Member of the Astronomical Society of London; Corresponding Member of the Institute of Paris, Etc. Etc. Etc. Printed for private circulation. Edinburgh: Printed by Thomas Constable. Printer To The Queen, and to the University. (1860) Burke, Edmund, Correspondence of the Right Honorable Edmund Burke; between the year 1744 and the period of his decease, in 1797, Edited by Charles William, Earl Fitzwilliam and Lieutenant-General Sir Richard Bourke, K.B.C., Francis & John Irvington, St.Paul’s Church Yard & Waterloo Place, London, 1844. Cámara, Alicia, Los Ingenieros Militares de la Monarquía Hispánica en los siglos XVII y XVIII, Ministerio de Defensa, Asociación Española de Amigos de los Castillos, Centro de Estudios Europa Hispánica, Fernando Villaverde Ediciones, Claudio Coello 99, 28006 Madrid, 2005. Cannon Esq, Richard, Historical Record of the Eighty-Seventh Regiment, London: Printed By George E. Eyre and William Spottiswoode, Published By Parker, Furnivall, And Parker, Military Library, 30, Charing Cross. (1853) Cannon Esq, Richard, Historical Record of The Fifty-Third, or The Shropshire Regiment of Foot. Containing an account of the formation of the regiment in 1755 and of its subsequent services to 1848. London : Parker, Furnivall, & Parker, 30, Charing-Cross (1849) Cannon Esq, Richard, Historical Record of The Forty-Second, or, The Royal Highland Regiment Of Foot; containing an account of the formation of six companies of highlanders in 1729, which were termed “The Black Watch’ and were regimented in 1739; and of the subsequent services of the regiment to 1844. London: Parker, Purnivall, And Parker, Military Libbamt, Whitehall. (1845)

Cannon Esq, Richard, Historical Record of The Fourteenth or The Buckinghamshire Regiment Foot: containing an account of the formation of the regiment in 1685, and of its subsequent services to 1845. Illustrated With Plates. London: Parker, Furnivall, And Parker, Military Library, Whitehall. (1845) Churruca, Cosme Damián de, Instrucción sobre punterías, para el uso de los baxeles del Rey, La Imprenta Real, Madrid, 1805. Chant, Christopher, Handbook of British Regiments, Routledge, 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN Rutledge 711 Third avenue, New York, NY 10017, 1988. Coll y Toste, Cayetano, Repertorio (Boletín) Histórico de Puerto Rico, Sucesión de J.J. Acosta, 1850-1930. Connolly , T. W. J., Quartermaster of the Royal Engineers, History of the Royal Sappers and Miners, from the formation of the corps in march im, to the date when its designation was changed to that of Royal Engineers, In Two Volumes.—Vol. I. London: Longman, Brown, Green, Longmans, And Roberts. (1857) Cordoba, Pedro Tomás de, Memorias geográficas, históricas, económicas y estadísticas de la isla de Puerto Rico, Oficina del gobierno: a cargo de D. Valeriano de Santillán, 1831. Cordova, Pedro Tomás de, Memoria sobre todos los ramos de la administración de la isla de Puerto Rico, Imprenta de yenes, Madrid, 1838 Daubón, José Antonio, Cosas de Puerto Rico, Tipografía “La Correspondencia”, Puerto Rico, 1904 De Vauban, Engineer General of France. The New Method of Fortification, with an Explanation of all terms appertaining to that Art. The Second Edition. In which is added, exact draughts of Dunkirk, Maestricht, Charleroy, Aeth and Mayence. London, Printed for Abell Swall, (1693) Fernández de los Senderos, Manuel, Elementos de Artillería, Imprenta y Fundición de D. Eusebio Aguado, Madrid, 1852. Flinter, Dawson, An Account of the present state of the island of Puerto Rico, The Edinburgh Review or Critical journal for July 1834, January 1835, Printed by Ballantine and Company for Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green and Longman, London; and Adam, and Charles Black, Edinburgh, 1835. González Tascón, Ignacio y Ramos Cabrero, Juan, Máquinas y artes de construcción portuaria en la exposición de puertos y fortificaciones en América y Filipinas, Biblioteca de la Comisión de Estudios Históricos de Obras Públicas y Urbanismo, Ediciones El Viso, Madrid, 1985. González-Ripoll, Maria Dolores, A las órdenes de las estrellas (La vida del marino Cosme de Churruca y sus expediciones a Ámerica), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, EBCOMP S.A., Bergantín, 1, 28042, Madrid, 1995.

Griffiths, Major F. A.,The Artillerists Manual, British Soldier's Compendium. R. F. P. Royal Artillery. London (1854) Hostos, Adolfo de, Historia de San Juan: Ciudad Murada, Ensayo acerca del proceso de la civilización en la ciudad española de San Juan Bautista de Puerto Rico 1521 - 1898, Instituto de Cultura Puertorriqueña, San Juan de Puerto Rico, 1948. Infiesta, Alejandro, Lealtad y heroísmo de la isla de Puerto Rico, Imp. de A. Lynn é hijos de Pérez Moris, Puerto Rico, 1897. Jeffery, Reginald W., M.A. Brasenose College, Dyott's Diary 1781-1845 A selection from the journal of William Dyott, sometime general in the British Army and aide-de-camp to His Majesty King George III. Oxford In Two Volumes Vol. I & II. With Portraits London Archibald Constable and Company, Ltd. (1907) Le-Blond, Maestro de Matemáticas, Elementos de Fortificación en que se explican los principios y método de delinear las obras de la fortificación regular e irregular , los sistemas de los mas célebres ingenieros &c. Traducidos al Castellano sobre la Sexta Edicion que escribió en frances,y de los Señores Condes de Provenza y de Artois &C. Madrid, por Dn. Joachín Ibarra impresor de cámara De S. M. (1776) Ledru, André Pierre, Viaje a la isla de Puerto Rico, Ediciones Puerto, San Juan, Puerto Rico 2013. Lucuze, Pedro de, Principios de fortificación, Thomas Piferrer impresor del Rey, Plaza del Angel, Barcelona, 1772. Mahan , D. H., A Treatise on Field Fortification, Containing instructions on the methods of laying out, constructing, defending, and attacking intrenchments, with the general outlines also of the arrangement, the attack and defence of permanent fortifications. Third Edition, New York : John Wiley, 167 Broadway, 1852. Mañas Martínez, José, Máquinas y artes de construcción portuaria en la exposición de puertos y fortificaciones en América y Filipinas, La Comisión de Estudios Históricos de Obras Públicas y Urbanismo, Impresión Julios Soto, Avda. de la Constitución, 202. Torreón de Ardoz, Madrid, 1985. Marshall, John, Lieutenant in the Royal Navy, Royal Naval Biography; or, of all the Flag-Officers, Superannuated RearAdmirals, Retired-Captains, Post-Captains, and Commanders, Hontion : Printed For Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, And Green, Paternoster Row. (1827) Muller, John, A Treatise of Artillery, John Millan, Whitehall, London, 1768.

O'Byrne, William E., A Naval Biographical Dictionary: Comprising the life and services of eyery living officer in her majesty's navy, trom the rank of admiral of the fleet to that of lieutenant, inclusive. Compiled From authentic and family documents, Esq. London: John Murray, Albemarle Street, Publisher To The Admiralty. (1849) Ocaso Meléndez, Marcial E., Río Piedras (Ciudad Universitaria) Notas para su historia, Model Offset Printing, San Juan, 1985. Paladini Cuadrado, Angel, Cartografía militar española de Indias, MILITARIA, Revista de Cultura Militar, n.o 1 - 57-89, Edt. Univ. Complutense, Madrid, 1989. Pérez Carmona, Enrique, Las cañoneras de asedio del almirante, Comunicaciones, UNED - Campo de Gibraltar, Algeciras. Pinckard M.D., George, Notes on the West Indies: written during the command of the late General Sir Ralph Abercromby, Longman, Hurst, Rees, and Orme, Paternoster Row, London, (1806) Porter, Whitworth Major-General Royal Engineers, History of the Corps of Royal Engineers, Volume I, London: Longmans, Green, and New York (1889) Porter, Whitworth Major-General Royal Engineers, History of the Corps of Royal Engineers, Volume II, London: Longmans, Green, and New York (1889) Ralfe, J.,The Naval Biography Great Britain: Consisting of Historical Memoirs of those officers of the British Navy who distinguished themselves during the reign of his Majesty George III. In Four Volumes. Vol. IV. London: Published By Whitmore & Fenn, Charing-Cross. Printed By L. Harrison, & Prince's-Street, Leicester-Square. (1828) Rivero, Ángel, Crónica de la Guerra Hispanoamericana en Puerto Rico, Editorial Edil, Inc., Río Piedras, 1971. Santiago y Hoppe, Javier de, Nociones de artillería para el uso de los sargentos y cabos del arma, 2nda Edición Aumentada, Imprenta de J.A. García, Almirante, 7, bajo, Madrid, 1863. Stewart, Major-General David, Sketches the character, manners, and present state of the Highlanders of Scotland; with details oe the military service of the highland regiments. Vol. I. Edinburgh: Archibald Constable and Co. Edinburgh; Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown And Green J And Hurst, Robinson, and Co. London. (1825)

Neumann Gandía, Eduardo, Benefactores y Hombres Notables de Puerto Rico, Establecimiento Tipográfico “La Libertad”, Ponce, 1896.

Tamarit, Emilio de, Vocabulario Técnico del Material de Artillería é Ingenieros, Imprenta de la Biblioteca del Notariado a cargo de J.G. Mancheño, Calle de la Magdalena, núm. 30, Madrid, 1853.

Neumann Gandía, Eduardo, Gloriosa Epopeya, Sitio de los Ingleses de 1797, Tipografía “La Libertad”, Ponce, P.R. 1897.

Tapia y Rivera, Alejandro, Biblioteca Histórica de Puerto Rico, Imprenta de Marquez, Puerto Rico, (1854)

Terreros y Pando, P. Esteban de, Diccionario Castellano con las voces de ciencias y artes y sus correspondientes de las tres lenguas Francesa, Latina e Italiana. Tomo Segundo. Madrid: Imprenta De La Viuda De Ibarra, Hijos Y Compañia. (1787) Townsend, Jon, 18th century Sailor’s food - Ships Provisions, Savoring the Past, sahoringthepast.net, (2016) Trincano, Didier-Grégoire, Elémens De Fortification, de l'attaque et de la défense des places, dédiés au roi, A l'ufage de l'Ecole - Militaire de. la Compagnie des Chevaux-Légers de la Garde ordinaire du Roi , des Pages de la Chambre de Sa Majesté, de ceux de la Reine, Joseph Carez, Imprimeur-Libraire. (1776) Ubeda y Delgado, Manuel, Isla de Puerto Rico Estudio Histórico, Geográfico y Estadístico de la misma, Establecimiento tip. del Boletín, 1878. Vesey Hamilton, Sir Richard, G.C.B. Admiral, Letters and Papers of Admiral of the Fleet Sir Thom. Byam Martin G.C.B. Vol. I. Printed For The Navy Records Society (1903) Villar Ibáñez, José Eugenio, Embarcaciones portuarias y de tráfico interior en los puertos de Bilbao y Pasajes, Issas Memoria. Revista de Estudios Marítimos del País Vasco, 2, Untzi Museoa-Museo Naval, Donostia-San Sebastián, 1998, pp. 407-416. Von Clausewitz, Carl Philipp Gottlieb, On War, Edited and Translated by Michael howard and Peter Paret, Everyman's Library, Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., New York, 1993. Wallace, Nesbit Willoughby, Captain 60th Royal Rifles, A Regimental Chronicle and List of Officers the 60th, or The King's Royal Rifle Corps, formerly the 62th, or The Royal American Regiment Of Foot. London: Harrison (1879) Wilkes, H.L., Regiments of Foot, Osprey Publishing Ltd, 137 Southhampton Street, Reading, Berkshire, Southampton, 1874. Zapatero y López-Ayala, Juan Manuel, Las fortificaciones históricas de San Juan de Puerto Rico, MILITARIA, Revista de Cultura Militar, n.o 1 - 141-175 Edit. Univ. Complutense, Madrid, 1989. Zapatero y López-Ayala, Juan Manuel, La fortificación abalartuada en América, Instituto de Cultura Puertorriqueña, San Juan de Puerto Rico, Impreso en el complejo de Artes Gráficas Medinacelli, S.A., General Sanjurjo, 53, Barcelona-12, España1978. Zapatero y López-Ayala, Juan Manuel, La Guerra en el Caribe en el siglo XVIII, Instituto de Cultura Puertorriqueña, San Juan de Puerto Rico, Imprime: Manuel Pareja, Montaña, 16, Barcelona, España, 1964. Maurice, K.C.B., Major-General Sir J.F., The Diary of Sir John Moore, with portraits and maps, Two Volumes, London: Edward Arnold, publisher (1904)

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Mapas, Imágenes y Dibujos · Maps, Images & Drawings PAGE

PAGE

010 Proyecto de reforma del Fuerte de San Antonio, Planta y cortes del estado actual, Ingeniero Comandante Julián Chacel, Hoja 2da, 23 de septiembre de 1890, Pto. Rico Reform proyect of Fort San Antonio, Topview and cuts in its actual state, Commanding Engineer Julián Chacel, 2nd sheet, September 23, 1890, Pto. Rico

018 "Dibujo enseñando baluartes y fortificaciones a lo largo de la costa de Puerto Rico, probablemente el Castillo de san Felipe del Morro en San Juan" (entre 1802 y 1830) "Drawing showing ramparts and fortifications along the coast of Puerto Rico, probably the Castillo de San Felipe del Morro at San Juan.” (between 1820 and 1830)

025 "Plano, perfiles y elevación del puente proyectado de Martín Peña en San Juan de Puerto Rico” "Topview, profiles and elevation of bridge planned for Martín Peña in San Juan of Puerto Rico"

PRI-25-04 , España, Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, Cartoteca Archivo General de Madrid ESDF AGMM PL PRI-25-04/00204725C

Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA · Library of Congress Control Number 2008678781,Washington D.C.

012 “Un Mapa General del Mundo o Globo Terraquio, con todos los Nuevos Descubrimientos y Delineaciones Marginales, Conteniendo los Particulares Mas Interesantes en el Sistema Solar, Estelar y Mundanos... 1794”. por Thomas Dunn de ‘Un Atlas General’ de Thomas Kitchen “A General Map of the World or Terraqueous Globe, with all the New Discoveries and Marginal Delineations, Containing the Most Interesting Particulars in the Solar, Starry and Mundane Systems… 1794”. by Thomas Dunn from Thomas Kitchin’s ‘A General Atlas’

020 Reproducción a colores por José E. López del dibujo "Líneas y ángulos de las <Ichnographias> o planos de la fortificación permanente abalartuada, regular, siglos XIV, XVII y XVIII" Reproduction in color by José E. López of the drawing "Lines and angles of the <Ichnographias> or plans of the regular permanent bastioned fortification XIV, XVII and XVIII century"

021 "Plano que manifiesta la situación de la Plaza de S . Juan de Puerto Rico, y Fortificaciones, con el de su Poblacn." "Drawing that manifests the situation of the City of San Juan of Puerto Rico, and Fortifications, in its actual state, with its Population."

Wikimedia Commons from Geographicus Rare Antique Maps, 923 Putnam Ave Brooklyn, NY 11221,USA

014 Mapa decorativo del mundo en una proyección de doble hemisferio por Sanson y Jaillot en 1691. Jaillot, H., Atlas Nouveau, edición de 1691. Wikimedia Commons de Geographicus Rare Antique Maps 923 Putnam Ave Brooklyn, NY 11221 Sanson and Jaillot’s 1691 decorative map of the world on a double hemisphere projection. Jaillot, H., Atlas Nouveau, 1691 edition. Wikimedia Commons from Geographicus Rare Antique Maps, 923 Putnam Ave Brooklyn, NY 11221,USA 015 El Tratado de Loeben, firmado en 18 de Abril de 1797 por el entonces joven Brigadier General Napoleon Bonaparte, es el acto preliminar al Tratado de Campo Formio ratificado el 17 de Octubre de 1797. Termina la Guerra de la Primer Coalición, dejando sola a Gran Bretaña contra Francia Republicana y en una guerra aparte con España que duraría hasta el comienzo del siglo 19.

Traité de Campo-Formio, Archives Nationales (France), FRANCE

016 The Treaty of Loeben, signed on April 18, 1797 by the then young Brigadier General Napoleon Bonaparte, is the preliminary act to the Treaty Campo Formio ratified on October 17, 1797. The War of the First Coalition ends, leaving only Great Britain against Republican France and in a separate war with Spain which would last until the beginning of the 19th century.

Traité de Campo-Formio, Archives Nationales (France), FRANCE

"Principios de Fortificación", Pedro de Lucuze, Barcelona, 1772 n

PRI-15-07, España, Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte,Cartoteca Archivo General de Madrid ES-DF AGMM PL PRI-15/7 2119592

021 "Plano de la Plaza de Sn. Juan de Puerto Rico, y del terreno comprendido desde esta al Puente de Sn. Antonio, en que se manifiestan sus fortificaciones, y ls Obras Provisionales executadas durante la Guerra" "Drawing of the City of San Juan of puerto Rico, and the terrain contained from from itself to the San Antonio Bridge, in which its fortifications are manifested, and the Provisional Works built during the War."

PRI-15-08, España, Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, Cartoteca Archivo General de Madrid ES-DF AGMM PL PRI-15/8 2119596

024 Reproducción a colores por José E. López del dibujo "Líneas y ángulos de las <Orthographias> o perfiles de la fortificación permanente abalartuada, regular, siglos XIV al XVIII y a los estilos renacimiento, barroco y neoclásico" Reproduction in color by José E. López of the drawing "Lines and angles of the <Orthographias> or profiles of the regular permanent bastioned fortification XIV to the XVIII century and to the style of the renaissance, baroque and neoclassic" found in the book "Principios de Fortificación"

"Principios de Fortificación", Pedro de Lucuze, Barcelona, 1772

024 Foso del Castillo de San Cristobal en postal de 1909. Castillo San Cristobal dry moat on 1909 postcard.

188

Waldrop Photography Co

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Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, Archivo General de Sevilla, España ES.41091.AGI/27.23//MP-SANTO_DOMINGO,486 ES-DF AGMM PL PRI-4/5 2119379 026 "Vista de Puerto Rico tomada del olimpo". Impresiones de un viaje a América (1870-1884) José María Gutiérrez de Alba View of Puerto Rico taken from . Impresiones de un viaje a América (1870-1884) José María Gutiérrez de Alba, Banco de la República de Colombia (1870) 028 Encomendado por el Capitán de Navío Josef Pereda al Piloto Francisco Ramón Méndez del Navío San Juan Nepomucemo. Commissioned by Ship’s Captain Josef Pereda fom Ship’s Pilot Francisco Ramón Méndez from the Ship of the Line San Juan Nepomucemo.

PRI-13-01 España, Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, Cartoteca Archivo General de Madrid ES-DF AGMM PL PRI-13/1 2119892

028 Copia por el ingeniero Francisco Mestre del levantado por el Piloto Francisco Ramón Méndez del Navío San Juan Nepomucemo. Copy by Engineer Francisco Mestre from the one drawn by Ship’s Pilot Francisco Ramón Méndezfrom the Ship of the Line San Juan Nepomucemo.

PRI-21-05, España, Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, Cartoteca Archivo General de Madrid ES-DF AGMM PL PRI-21/5 2119243

028 Encomendado por el Ingeniero Francisco Mestre al Ingeniero Juan Villalonga. Commissioned by Engineer Francisco Mestre from Engineer Juan Villalonga. PRI-22-10, España, Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, Cartoteca Archivo General de Madrid ES-DF AGMM PL PRI-22/10 2119273 028 San Juan (Puerto Rico). Barometría. 1783 (1792), Plano y sondeo del puerto y plaza de Sn. Juan de Puerto Rico: executado con la mayor exactitud en el año pasado de 1783 / Juan Franco, Mestre, 1792 Noviembre 17, Copia por el Ingeniero Francisco Mestre del sondeo de la Bahía de San Juan levantada por el Ingeniero Juan Villalonga. San Juan (Puerto Rico). Barometry. 1783 )1792), Drawing and sounding of the harbor and city of San Juan of Puerto Rico: executed with the highest precision in the past year 1783 / Juan Franco, Mestre, 1792 November 17, Copy by Engineer Francisco Mestre of the sounding of the Bay of San Juan drawn by Engineer Juan Villalonga.

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SG. Ar.J-T-4-C.2-58, España, Ministerio de Defensa, Centro Geográfico del Ejército, ES-DF PCGE AR J-4-2-58 2200693

028 Teodolito simple por Tomás Wright, Inglés, Principios del Siglo 18 Simple Theodolite, by Thomas Wright, English, Early 18th Century

Museum of the History of Science, Oxford, England

028 "Nuevo plano de Puerto Rico", Montero de Espinosa, José., [1785] "New map of Puerto Rico", Montero de Espinosa, José., [1785]

Library Of Congress, Washington D.C. G4974.S5P55 1785 .M6

029 Estudio hidrográfico de la Bahía de San Juan, Original por Cosme Damián de Churruca

Museo Naval de Madrid, SG. Ar.J-T.4-C.2-59, Ministerio de Defensa, Museo Naval de Madrid, España Ubicación: DE — Signatura: MN- 22-A-5 — Código de barras: 2300871, SG. Ar.J-T.4-C.2-59

029 Cosme Damián de Churruca y Elorza, Retrato del marino español (1761-1805) Cosme Damián de Churruca y Elorza, Portrait of the Spanish mariner (1761-1805)

Archivo Museo Naval de Madrid Colección: ES-DF — Nº inventario: AMN 22-A-3 Museo Naval de Madrid, Ministerio de Defensa, España

029 Versión reproducida en Español “Copia del plano Geométrico del Puerto de esta Capital que se levantó en 1794 por el Capitán de Navío D. Cosme de Churruca y se publicó por el Depósito Hidrográfico” Version reproduced in Spanish "Copy of the chart drawn by Ship Captain Don Cosme Damian de Churruca and published by the Hydrographic Repository"

Puerto Rico: 1868-03-26 ULTRAMAR Ministerio De Educación, Cultura Y Deporte,Archivo Histórico Nacional, España ES.28079.AHN/2.3.1.16.3//ULTRAMAR, MPD.913

029 Versión reproducida en Inglés · Version reproduced in English “Republished on the scale of the original plan by W. Faden, Geographer to his Majesty & to his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales.” London: [s.n.], 1805

Library of Congress Control Number 2004629255 Library of Congress Geography and Map Division Washington, D.C. 20540-4650

029 Versión reproducida en Francés · Version reproduced in French "Plan du principal port de l’île de Porto-Rico levé en 1794 par D. Cosme de Churruca ... Publiée par ordre du

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Ministre de la Marine et des Colonies, au Dépot général de la Marine, en l’An X, Paris, France: 1802"

Dépôt des cartes et plans de la marine, Gravé par E. Collin., Dépot Gal. de la Marine, Ecrit par Besançon.,Dépot Gal. de la Marine

031 “Mapa de la Plaza de S.n Juan de Puerto Rico, su Bahia sondeada, Playas de la inmediacion y todo lo demas concerniente a un claro conocimiento de todas sus avenidas, calidad y situacion de su terreno a dos leguas por el Est., otras dos por el Oest. y legua y quarto por la vanda del Sur: Levantado ultimament con excrupulosa exactitud.” Thomas O’Daly. Puerto Rico: Abril 27 de 1776

MNM 022-A-0008 Ministerio de Defensa, Museo Naval de Madrid, España

031 “Modelo de lancha de navío” (c. 1800) - Anónimo

Colección: ES-DFMNM Signatura: MNM-1213 Nº inventario: MNM-1213, Piezas seleccionadas del Museo Naval de Madrid, Ministerio de Defensa, Museo Naval de Madrid, España

031 “Modelo de piragua Dalca de año 1793.” América (Argentina) (c.1984) - Puente Blanco, Manuel

Colección: ES-DFMNM Signatura: MNM-1756 Nº inventario: MNM-1756 Piezas seleccionadas del Museo Naval de Madrid Ministerio de Defensa, Museo Naval de Madrid, España

031 “Modelo de jabeque de guerra sistema Barceló” (13 de noviembre de 1843)

Colección: ES-DFMNM — Signatura: MNM-36 Nº inventario: MNM-36 Piezas seleccionadas del Museo Naval Ministerio de Defensa, Museo Naval de Madrid, España

031 “Modelo de falucho de guerra de 1a clase para el Resguardo Marítimo” (c. 1848)

Colección: ES-DFMNM — Signatura: MNM-724 Notas: Original MNM-724 Piezas seleccionadas del Museo Naval Ministerio de Defensa, Museo Naval de Madrid, España

033 “South view of the town and fortifications of Puerto Rico” (1824?)

Library of Congress Control Number 94509722 Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Library of Congress Washington, D.C. 20540 USA

034 Modelo comisionado por José E. López en prestamo al Museo del Mar de San Juan y elaborado por Máximo “Curro” Agudo Mangas, natural de Bajadoz, España. Model commissioned by José E. López on loan to the San Juan Maritime Museum and built by Máximo “Curro” Agudo Mangas, from the city of Bajadoz, Spain. 036 Plano y elevación de las Lanchas Cañoneras dispuestas por el jefe de escuadra D. Antonio Barceló

Signatura: MPD, 16, 070. Archivo General de Simancas, Mapas, planos y dibujos (Años 1503-1805). Volumen I : p. 616 AGS. Secretaría de Marina, 00361. Con carta de D. Antonio Barceló al Exmo. Sr. Marqués González de Castejón, Algeciras 11 de noviembre de 1779 Ubicación Anterior: SMA, 00361 Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, España,

036 “Gunboat” de la Armada Continental Philadelphia, hundida en Octubre 11 de 1776. Modelo confeccionado por Frank Niziolek. Foto por Rémi Kaupp. Regalado a la Fundación del Colegio de Guerra Naval para su Museo del Colegio de Guerra Naval. Gunboat of the Continental Navy, sunk in October 11, 1776. Model made by Frank Niziolek. Photo taken by Rémi Kaupp. Given as a gift to the Naval War College Foundation.

National Maritime Museum London, United Kingdom ( July 12, 2007)

036 Arriba y detalle a la derecha: Lancha cañonera Española típica evidenciadas en pinturas de José Campeche. Modelo comisionado por José E. López para prestamo al Museo del Mar de San Juan y elaborado por Máximo “Curro” Agudo Mangas, natural de Bajadoz, España. Foto: Máximo “Curro” Audo Mangas Above and detail to the right: Typical Spanish gunboat evidenced in José Campeche's pantings. Model commissioned by José E. López for a loan to the San Juan Maritime Museum and built by Máximo "Curro" Agudo Mangas, from Bajadoz, Spain. Photo: Máximo “Curro” Audo Mangas 038 “Gunboat” de la Armada Continental Philadelphia, hundida en Octubre 11 de 1776. Modelo confeccionado por Frank Niziolek. Foto por Rémi Kaupp. Regalado a la Fundación del Colegio de Guerra Naval para su Museo del Colegio de Guerra Naval. Gunboat of the Continental Navy, sunk in October 11, 1776. Model made by Frank Niziolek. Photo taken by Rémi Kaupp. Given as a gift to the Naval War College Foundation.

National Maritime Museum London, United Kingdom ( July 12, 2007)

Mapas, Imágenes y Dibujos (continuado) · Maps, Images & Drawings (continued) PAGE

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040 Draga de pala con dos ruedas de pisar Marqués de la Victoria, Diccionario Demostrativo con la configuración ó Anathomia de Roda la Architectura naval moderna.

Colección: ES-DFMNM — Nº inventario: MNM-4536 Manuscrito. 1719-56. Museo Naval de Madrid, Ministerio de Defensa, España

040 Modelo de pontón o draga movido por ruedas de pisar. Siglo XVIII (c. 1850) MNM-4536 Ministerio de Defensa, Museo Naval, Madrid, España 040 Barco (gánguil) u pontón para extraer fango (17__)

Signatura MPD, 44, 012. Legajos, 03776 Ubicación anterior: SGU, 03776, Mapas, planos y dibujos (Años 1503-1805). Volumen I : p. 165, Legajos, 03776. Estaba inlcuido, en unión de otros planos, en la carpeta que pone “ Algunas Máquinas curiosas “ Archivo General de Simancas Secretaria de Guerra Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, España

040 PONTÓN ARTILLADO Ruedas y pala de dragado removida

Modelos comisionados por José E. López para prestamo al Museo del Mar y elaborados por el reconocido artesano Máximo “Curro” Audo Mangas, natural de Bajadoz, España Model commissioned by José E. López on loan to the San Juan Maritime Museum and built by Máximo “Curro” Agudo Mangas, from the city of Bajadoz, Spain.

040 GÁNGUIL ARTILLADO Compuertas para descargar sedimento del dragado inabilitadas y la cubierta convertida en una superficie para fusileros-remeros.

PAGE

Ultramar, Legajo 407, Exp. 5,PUERTO RICO, Centro de Investigaciones Históricas, Universidad de Puerto Rico, Expediente general sobre habilitacion del puerto de San Juan de Puerto Rico

044 Tren de Artillería y sus Pertrechos “Uniformes Españoles Militares 1737, Album que contiene 63 acuarelas originales montadas sin firmar, incluyendo 57 demostrando 240 figuras uniformadas, 103 banderas, 6 de equipo militar, armas, vehículos, etc.” España, 1737 Artillery Train and its Implements “Spanish military uniforms, 1737, Album containing 63 mounted unsigned original watercolor drawings, including 57 showing 240 uniformed figures, 103 flags, 6 of military equipment, weapons, vehicles, etc.” Spain, 1737

“Uniformes Españoles Militares 1737, Album que contiene 63 acuarelas originales montadas sin firmar, incluyendo 57 demostrando 240 figuras uniformadas, 103 banderas, 6 de equipo militar, armas, vehículos, etc.” España, 1737 “Spanish military uniforms, 1737, Album containing 63 mounted unsigned original watercolor drawings, including 57 showing 240 uniformed figures, 103 flags, 6 of military equipment, weapons, vehicles, etc.” Spain, 1737 Anne S.K. Brown Military Collection, Brown University Library

046 Diagrama de perfil de cañón desarrollado por José E. López · Cutout diagram of cannon developed by José E. López 047 “Proporciones de granadas, de mano y de sus espoletas” (1733) Con carta del Rey al Veedor General y Contador General de Artillería, ordenando la construcción de balas y granadas de mano en la fábrica de Asura. Sevilla, 24 de abril de 1733.

Signatura: MPD, 16, 209. Ubicación Anterior: SGU, 00436 Archivo General de Simancas, Municiones-S.XVIIIDibujos, AGS. Secretaría de Guerra, 00436. Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, España

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Archivo General de Simancas,Mapas, planos y dibujos,AGS. Secretaría de Guerra, Suplemento, 00008. Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte , España

047 Diagrama de arcos de artillería desarrollado por José E. López · Diagram of artillery arcs developed by José E. López

Signatura: MPD, 36, 005. AGS. Secretaría de Guerra, Legajos, 05814. Ubicación Anterior: SGU, 05814 Archivo General de Simancas,Mapas, planos y dibujos (Años 1508-1962). Volumen II : p. 163, Con carta de Marcos de Vergara a Juan Gregorio Muniaín. Puerto Rico, 21 de marzo de 1768, Archivo de Indias, Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, España

048 “Diseño de uno de los dos Cañones de Bronce del calibre de a 6 nombrado el Ynfante que... consideran ser muy útiles para exercitar los Artilleros en el exercicio de Fuego violento... por Joseph de Pedraza” “Design of one of the 16 pound Bronze Cannons named the Infant that... considered very useful for the Artillerist practice of violent fire... by Joseph de Pedraza” (1768) Signatura: MPD, 36, 006. Ubicación Anterior: SGU, 05814 Archivo de Indias, Archivo General de Simancas,Mapas, planos y dibujos (Años 1508-1962). Volumen II : p. 101, AGS. Secretaría de Guerra, Legajos, 05814. Con carta de Marcos de Vergara a Juan Gregorio Muniaín. Puerto Rico, 21 de marzo de 1768 Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, España,,

047 Delineación del Mortero de Aplac de 12 pulgadas para el servicio de la Marina [Material gráfico no proyectable] / delineación por José [Portillo] Labaggi baxo la dirección de Sr. Dn. Francisco Pizarro Maestro de la Tercera Claze del Real Colegio de Sn. Telmo. —

048 Real Colegio de Artillería, Biblioteca Academia de Artillería

040 Fotomosaico de las excavaciones de uno de los gánguiles del dragado Español encontrado en La Puntilla en 1999.

049 Morteros y pedreros Mortars and ‘pedreros’

URS, (2001).,PUERTO RICO

040 Gánguil usado en el dragado de la Bahía de San Juan. Compuertas descargaban material dragado y depositado por pala luego de salir el gánguil de la bahía. Centro de Investigaciones Históricas, Universidad de Puerto Rico, Expediente general sobre habilitacion del puerto de San Juan de Puerto Rico

AGI, Ultramar, Legajo 407, Exp. 5

Signatura: MPD, 25, 075. Ubicación Anterior: SMA, 00216 Archivo General de Simancas,Mapas, planos y dibujos (Años 1503-1805). Volumen I : p. 719,AGS. Secretaría de Marina, 00216. Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, España

047 “Proporciones de Granadas de mano, que el Rey manda se observen uniformemente en las Fabricas de Municiones de España“ (17_?)

Signatura: MPD, 62, 077. Ubicación Anterior: SGU.SUP, 00008

050 [Diseño de dos balas incendiarias] Caxa del calibre de a ocho en quien esta encarrada una bala roxa de el de a quatro ; Caxa del calibre de a doze en quien esta encarrada una bala roxa de de ocho [Material gráfico no proyectable] / Lacy. — [1780],

048 “Diseño de una Cureña sin herrages para cañones de hierro del calibre de a 24, de las que actualmente se construyen en la Plaza de San Juan de Puerto Rico para el Servicio de ella...” “Design of a Carriage without hardware for 24 pound iron cannons, as the ones currently being constructed in the City of San Juan of Puerto Rico for her service...” (1768)

Litografía anónima Escudo por Heralder de Wikipedia Commons, USA, Real Colegio de Artillería, Biblioteca Academia de Artillería

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Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, España,,Archivo General de Simancas,Municiones-S. XVIII-Dibujos,AGS. Secretaría de Marina, 00671. Con carta del Conde de Lacy, Comandante General de la Artillería del Ejército al Jefe de Escuadra Antonio Barceló, Madrid 20 de octubre de 1780; dentro de un expediente sobre uso de dichas balas para la Marina con resultado negativo,Signatura: MPD, 18, 266. Ubicación Anterior: SMA, 00671

050 Plano y perfil de un Hornillo de Reververo para Bala roja construido en la Batería del Campo de la Garenne en la Rada de Pertuis

Archivo de Indias MPD,36,004,Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, España,,Archivo General de Simancas,Mapas, planos y dibujos (Años 1508-1962). Volumen II : p. 241,AGS. Secretaría de Guerra, Legajos, 05883. Con oficio de José de Urrutia a Antonio de Corvel. Madrid, 6 de noviembre de 1799,Signatura: MPD, 36, 004. Ubicación Anterior: SGU, 05883

050 Diagrama desarrollado por José E. López derivado de “Principios de Artillería Teórica y Práctica, Redactados..., Obra declarada de testo para el Colegio Naval Militar,” por Manuel Baturone — Capitán del Cuerpo de Artillería de Marina, San Fernando (1856),PUERTO RICO 051 “Plano, y Perfil de la Batteria que esta Destinada Para la Escjela de los Artilleros” “Plan and profile of Battery which is destined for the Artillerist School.” Barcelona, 1 de febrero de 1749

Archivo de Indias MPD,24,074,Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, España,,Archivo General de Simancas,AGS. Secretaría de Marina, 00322. Manuscrito sobre papel. Explicación. Tinta y colores. - Con carta de Juan Rafael Silby al Marqués de la Ensenada, Barcelona 1 de febrero de 1749,Signatura: MPD, 24, 074. Ubicación Anterior: SMA, 00322

051 Fortificaciones y pertrechos para Artillería de Campo y Herramientas Relacionadas Artillery Field Fortifications, defensive gear and Related Tools “Uniformes Españoles Militares 1737, Album que contiene 63 acuarelas originales montadas sin firmar, incluyendo 57 demostrando 240 figuras uniformadas, 103 banderas, 6 de equipo militar, armas, vehículos, etc.” España, 1737 “Spanish military uniforms, 1737, Album containing 63 mounted unsigned original watercolor drawings, including 57 showing 240 uniformed figures, 103 flags, 6 of military equipment, weapons, vehicles, etc.” Spain, 1737

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Anne S.K. Brown Military Collection, Brown University Library

052 Reforma de los pararayos [sic] del almacen de polvora de Santa Elena / Cuerpo de Ingenieros del Ejercito ; El Teniente Coronel de Yngenieros [sic] Comandte. de la Plaza Teofilo Llorente [Mapa] Editorial:1870,

ES-DF AGMM PL PRI-24/7 2119258 Cartoteca Archivo General de Madrid Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, España

052 “Plano y vista del almacén del pólvora de San Gerónimo extramuros de la Plaza de San Juan de Puerto Rico y en manifestación de la colocación de sus dos pararrayos en conformidad de Real Orden.” Signature: MP-SANTO_ DOMINGO,873 ,Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, España,,Archivo General de Sevilla,ES.41091. AGI//MP-SANTO_DOMINGO,873 052 “Plano, perfil y elevación de un almazén nuebo de pólvora, construido extramuros de la plaza de San Juan de Puerto Rico, con su cuerpo de guardia, situado a la parte oriental de la ciudad y en la cercanía de el fuerte de San Gerónimo y puente de San Antonio.” ES.41091.AGI/27.23//MP-SANTO_DOMINGO,366 Descripción incluida en A.G.I.: Catalogo de Mapas y Planos de Santo Domingo Archivo General de Sevilla Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, España 054 Herramientas usadas en la Maestranza de Artillería y por Zapadores y Minadores Tools used in the Artillery Arsenal and by Sappers and Engineers

“Uniformes Españoles Militares 1737, Album que contiene 63 acuarelas originales montadas sin firmar, incluyendo 57 demostrando 240 figuras uniformadas, 103 banderas, 6 de equipo militar, armas, vehículos, etc.” “Spanish military uniforms, 1737, Album containing 63 mounted unsigned original watercolor drawings, including 57 showing 240 uniformed figures, 103 flags, 6 of military equipment, weapons, vehicles, etc.” Spain, 1737 Anne S.K. Brown Military Collection, Brown University Library

055 Herramientas usadas en la Maestranza de Artillería y por Soldados y Matriculados de Marinas “Uniformes Españoles Militares 1737, Album que contiene 63 acuarelas originales montadas sin firmar, incluyendo 57 demostrando 240 figuras uniformadas, 103 banderas, 6 de equipo militar, armas, vehículos, etc. ”Tools used in the Artillery Arsenal and by Soldiers and Enrolled Sailors “Spanish military uniforms, 1737, Album containing 63 mounted unsigned original watercolor drawings, including 57 showing 240 uniformed figures, 103 flags, 6 of military equipment, weapons, vehicles, etc.” Spain, 1737

Anne S.K. Brown Military Collection, Brown University Library

056 “Uniformes Españoles Militares 1737, Album que contiene 63 acuarelas originales montadas sin firmar, incluyendo 57 demostrando 240 figuras uniformadas, 103 banderas, 6 de equipo militar, armas, vehículos, etc.” “Spanish military uniforms, 1737, Album containing 63 mounted unsigned original watercolor drawings, including 57 showing 240 uniformed figures, 103 flags, 6 of military equipment, weapons, vehicles, etc.” Spain, 1737 Anne S.K. Brown Military Collection, Brown University Library 057 Plano, o Ychnographia, Perfil y Vista de la Maquina que aqui sirve para embarcar y desembarcar Artill[eri]a de Mar y tierra de todas clases y calibres ... [Material gráfico no proyectable] / [rúbrica] Agustín Hurtado. — [1751],

Signatura: MPD, 04, 069. Ubicación Anterior: SMA, 00319 Archivo General de Simancas,Mapas, planos y dibujos (Años 1503-1805). Volumen I : p. 667,AGS. Secretaría de Marina, 00319. Con carta de D. Dámaso Latre y de D. Agustín Hurtado. Londres, 1 de novimbre de 1751, Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, España

057 Plano Elevación de un Carro Fuerte, construido en Sevilla según un dictamen de la Brigada formada de orden del Excmo. Señor conde de Colomera [Material gráfico no proyectable]. — [1797]

Signatura: MPD, 11, 140. Ubicación Anterior: SGU, 05728 Archivo General de Simancas,Mapas, planos y dibujos (Años 1508-1962). Volumen II : p. 106,AGS. Secretaría de Guerra, Legajos, 05728. Con oficio del Conde de Colomera a Juan Manuel Alvarez, Madrid, 21 de marzo de 1797, Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, España

057 Diseño de un trinquebal (1 de mayo de 1753)

Signatura: MPD, 22, 027. Ubicación Anterior: SGU, 00966 Archivo General de Simancas,Mapas, planos y dibujos (Años 1503-1805). Volumen I : p. 975,AGS. Secretaría de Guerra, Legajos, 00966. Acompaña a carta de Dámaso de Latre y Agustín Hurtado dirigida al Marqués de la Ensenada, Londres, 1 de mayo de 1753, Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, España

058 Don Ramón de Castro y Gutierrez (1800) Gobernador y Capitán General de Puerto Rico durante Asedio Británico de 1797 Don Ramón de Castro y Gutierrez (1800) Governor and Captain General of Puerto Rico during the British Siege of 1797 Colección Museo de San Juan, Municipio de San Juan

189

Mapas, Imágenes y Dibujos (continuado) · Maps, Images & Drawings (continued) PAGE

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058 Sir Ralph Abercromby (1854 pintura basada en una previa de 1787) Teniente General de la Fuerzas Británicas durante el Asedio de San Juan de Puerto Rico Lieutenant-General Sir Ralph Abercromby Commander in Chief of British Forces during the 1797 British Siege of San Juan, Puerto Rico (1854 painting from a previous one done in 1787)

060 Dibujo del uniforme del Regimiento fijo de la Isla de Puerto Rico (1791),

060 parte de / Part of: “Gobernador Don Ramón de Castro” por/by José Campeche (1800)

063 87th Regiment of Foot (1793) Col. John Doyle

063 53rd Regiment of Foot Battalion Corporal 1947 series of Curteich

065 Ships at Spithead 1797 by Nicholas Pocock, National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, London

Transferred from the National Gallery of Scotland 1889 060 Retrato de Winthuysen y Pineda, Francisco Javier (17471797) pintado con uniforme de Capitán de Fragata. Anónimo Portrait of Winthuysen y Pineda, Francisco Javier (17471797) portrayed with the small uniform of a Frigate Captain. Anonymous

ES-DFMNM — Colección: ES-DFMNM — Nº inventario: MNM-331 AMN, 1517-2; Fernando González de Canales, Catálogo de pinturas del Museo Naval, Madrid, Ministerio de Defensa, 2000, tomo II., España

060 “Diseño de uniforme de “Miliciano Moreno de Puerto Rico” MP-UNIFORMES,113 Archivo General de Sevilla Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, España

Signatura: MPD, 15, 039. Ubicación Anterior: SGU, 07147 Archivo General de Simancas,Mapas, planos y dibujos (Años 1503-1805). Volumen I : p. 835,AGS. Secretaría de Guerra, Legajos, 07147. En una hoja fechada en Madrid, 14 julio de 1791, dirigida al Gobernador de Puerto Rico, se dice que se está haciendo el vestuario para este Regimiento Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, España,,

060 Capitán de Ingenieros, El ejército y la armada. 3 tomos, Manuel Giménez González

ISBN 10: 8450081122 Real Academia de la Historia, Min. de Defensa Capitán de Ingenieros, Min. de Defensa

060 Capitán Don Ramón de Carvajal (1750-1800) de José Campeche y Jordán

Museo de Arte de Ponce, Puerto Rico

060 “Diseño de uniforme de “Miliciano de Ynfantería de Puerto Rico”

060 Escudo de Armas de Regimiento Fijo de Puerto Rico Sugerido a gobernador Don Ramón de Castro por el brigadier Don Agustín Lassala en 2 de septiembre de 1804. Aceptado por el monarca y certificado por el Inspector de Infantería Don Francisco Javier Negrete en Madrid 4 de abril de 1805.

MP-UNIFORMES,114 Archivo General de Sevilla Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, España

060 Diseño de un uniforme de “Artillero de la dotación de Puerto Rico”

060 Capitán de Ingenieros (1790) Captain of Engineers (1790)

MP-UNIFORMES,115 Archivo General de Sevilla, Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, España

060 “Diseño de uniforme de la Compañía de “Artillería de Santo Domingo. (Blanco.) 1 Compañía de 61 plazas”” MP-UNIFORMES,119 Archivo General de Sevilla Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, España

El ejercito y la armada: desde la antigüedad hasta 1862 Capitán Manuel Gimenez gonzalez Real Academia de la Historia, Miniterio de Defensa, (1982) Real Academia de la Historia Ministerio de Defensa, España

060 Capitán de Ingenieros (1799) Captain of Engineers (1799)

060 “Diseño de uniforme de”Miliciano de Cavallería de Puerto Rico”, MP-UNIFORMES,112BIS Archivo General de Sevilla, Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, España

ULTRAMAR, 3ra Sección, 3ra División Archivo General Militar de Segovia Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, España,

General Research Division, The New York Public Library. (1910). Real Cuerpo de Ingenieros. Creado Año, de 1711. (1797),USA,General Research Division, The New York Public Library

060 Regimiento Fijo de Puerto Rico - Capitán Garrison Regiment - Captain

Museo de Arte de Ponce

060 José Campeche, pintor

190

Retrato por Ramó Aquiles, Colección Privada

Colección Museo de San Juan, Municipio de San Juan

From the collection of the Museum of The Royal Irish Fusiliers, Armagh

061 Plano de la Plaza de Puerto Rico y sus inmediaciones / Mestre,

063 87th Regiment of Foot (1793) Lt. Charles William Doyle Brigade-Major and Gen. Abercromby’s aide-de-camp

ES-DF AGMM PL PRI-15/9 2119600 Cartoteca Archivo General de Madrid, Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, España

061 Debelle, A., “Corsaire de la République française: from Histoire des Pirates“ Prints, Drawings and Watercolors from the Anne S.K. Brown Military Collection. Brown Digital Repository. Brown University Library. 061 A french frigate at anchor off coast with other shipping

Watercolor by Samuel Atkins c.1787-1808

061 Shipping in the Channel off Dover

Watercolor by Samuel Atkins c.1760-1810

061 Sailor (1814).

The Miriam and Ira D. Wallach Division of Art, Prints and Photographs: Art & Architecture Collection, The New York Public Library.

062 Comandante en jefe de las fuerzas Británicas en la Antillas Lieutenant-General Sir Ralph Abercromby Commander-inchief of the British forces in the West Indies

Painting bequeathed to the National Galleries of Scotland by A. Abercromby Trotter 1925,GREAT BRITAIN,National Galleries of Scotland

062 General Adjunto de las fuerzas Británicas en la Antillas 42nd Royal Highland Regiment — “The Black Watch” Brigadier General John Hope Regimiento Royal Highland Número 42 - “The Black Watch” Adjunct-general of the British forces in the West Indies

Painting owned by West Lothian Council, County Buildings, Scotland

062 Brigadier General John Moore Gobernador Governor in St. Lucia

National Portrait Gallery, London in 1898

Painted by Margaret Sarah Carpenter (Museum Fine Arts Boston)

063 60th Regiment of Foot Battalion Company Officer

As copied by Cecil C.P. Lawson after an original by William Loftie* Anne S.K. Brown Military Collection, Brown University Library,USA,Anne S.K. Brown Military Collection, Brown University Library

063 60th Regiment of Foot Private

From original Mezzotint,USA

063 A Regimental Chronicle and List of Officers of the 60th, or the King’s Royal Rifle Corps formerly the 62nd, or the Royal American Regiment of Foot, Captain Nesbit Willoughby Wallace, Harrison, London Page 43 Plate 5 (1879) 063 Lowenstein Regiment (1796) Fusilier & Chaussier

Paintings by J. Marion photographed by René Chartrand

063 14th Regiment of Foot (1790s) Officer & Private

Drawn by E. Dayes, Draughtsman to HRH the Duke of York, Engraved by C. Borkharde Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt,GERMANY,Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt

063 87th Regiment of Foot, Officer (1793)

Watercolour by Richard Simkin Anne S.K. Brown Military Collection, Brown University Library,

063 Original uniform of the 87th Regiment in 1793 Painted by Madeley Historical Record of the EightySeventh, or the Royal Irish Fusiliers. London: Parker, Furnivall, and Parker. 1853. p. 1. 063 87th Regiment of Foot, Private, (1793) by Charles Lyall

Anne S.K. Brown Military Collection, Brown University Library

063 14th Regiment of Foot (1790s) Col. Welbore Ellis Doyle Col. of the 53rd November 2, 1796

063 53rd Regiment of Foot Sir Thomas Makdougall Brisbane 1st Baronet GCB, GCH, FRS, FRSE Captain in the 53rd Regiment of Foot in 1797

Paintings by James Gillray Anne S.K. Brown Military Collection, Brown University Libraryy

063 14th Regiment of Foot Officer (1790) W atercolour by Richard Simkin Anne S.K. Brown Military Collection, Brown University Library

Printed by Thomas Constable, Edinburgh, 1860 Historical Record of the Fifty Third, or Shropshire Regiment of Foot, Parker, Furnivall, Parker, 1899)

Postcards by the artist A. R. Cattley of 1777 uniform at Fort Ticonderoga No images were found of the correct period, so this one is included instead.,USA

063 42nd (Royal Highland) “The Black Watch” Regiment of Foot, Private, West Indies 1794 by Charles Lyall

Anne S.K. Brown Military Collection, Brown University Library,USA,Anne S.K. Brown Military Collection, Brown University Library

064 Major General Charles Shipley years after, as a Major in charge of the expedition’s Royal Engineers, built the batteries and breastworks which bombarded San Juan’s outer defenses. Painting recently sold by Mansion House Antiques & Fine Art based on an engraving by H. Cook, after the original by Eckstein, for the ‘National Portrait Gallery of Illustrious and Eminent Personages of the 19th Century’ by William Jerdan. Original engraving published by Fisher, Son & Jackson, London 1832. 064 Royal Military Artificers (1792) General Research Division, The New York Public Library. (1910). Great Britain. England, 1743-97. (The Vinkhuijzen collection of military uniforms ) Images extracted from The History of the Corps of Royal Sappers and Miners …, by CONNOLLY, Thomas William John. 064 Lyall, Charles, “1795. Sappers & Miners. Officer. Working dress” (1890). Prints, Drawings and Watercolors from the Anne S.K. Brown Military Collection. Brown Digital Repository. Brown University Library.

065 Sir Thomas Byam Martin Bombarded San Geronimo Fort as Captain of the HMS Tamar in 1797 by Sir Charles Locke Eastlake (rose to Fleet Admiral in 1816) 065 “Shipping in the English Channel” by Charles Brooking, circa 1755. Oil on canvas, 35½ by 46-3/8 inches. Yale Center for British Art, Paul Mellon Collection. 065 Sailor by Orlando Norie [cropped] Prints, Drawings and Watercolors from the Anne S.K. Brown Military Collection. Brown Digital Repository. Brown University Library. 065 Royal Marines Captain of Marines (1795) R. Ackermann, London (1799)

065 Royal Marines (1790) Private and Officer

065 The British Military Library 1799

064 Lyall, Charles, “1794. Sappers & Miners. Working dress” (1890). Prints, Drawings and Watercolors from the Anne S.K. Brown Military Collection. Brown Digital Repository. Brown University Library.

065 Admiral Sir Henry Harvey (1798) By John Hoppner based on a work from the early 19th century National Portrait Gallery Primary Collection

Prints, Drawings and Watercolors from the Anne S.K. Brown Military Collection. Brown Digital Repository. Brown University Library.

065 Royal Artillery (1797) Gunner painted by Charles Lyall “1797. Royal Artillery” (1890).

064 Royal Engineer - Officer 1800 by Bob Marrion Photographed by Rene Chartrand

Victor Huen in Britain’s Sea Soldiers (1924)

065 Royal Artillery (1794) Royal Artilery officer c 1798-99

064 Lyall, Charles, “1794. Sappers & Miners. Officer. Working dress” (1890). Prints, Drawings and Watercolors from the Anne S.K. Brown Military Collection. Brown Digital Repository. Brown University Library.

064 Lyall, Charles, “1795. Sappers & Miners. Working dress” (1890). Prints, Drawings and Watercolors from the Anne S.K. Brown Military Collection. Brown Digital Repository. Brown University Library.

Drawings and Watercolors from the Anne S.K. Brown Military Collection. Brown Digital Repository. Brown University Library.

Prints, Drawings and Watercolors from the Anne S.K. Brown Military Collection. Brown Digital Repository. Brown University Library.

065 26th Light Dragoons - Officer by Bob Marrion Photographed by Rene Chartrand

065 26th Light Dragoons - Trooper

by Bob Marrion Photographed by Rene Chartrand

066 “Exvoto del sitio de San Juan por los ingleses”

Pintado por José Campeche en 1797 · Bienes Culturales y Arte Sacro de la Arquidiósesis de San Juan (Painting as votive offering about the Siege of San Juan),PUERTO RICO

Mapas, Imágenes y Dibujos (continuado) · Maps, Images & Drawings (continued) PAGE

MASTERS

070 “Tropas Británicas desembarcando en Holanda. Vista de la segunda División del Ejército Británico al mando de Sir Ralph Abercromby, desembarcando en la playa cerca de Hick Down en el 27 de Agosto de 1799.” (1800) “The British troops landing in Holland. View of the second Division of the British Army commanded by Sir Ralph Abercromby, landing on the beach near Heick Down on the 27th of August 1799” (1800)

129 Plano geométrico de la plantilla y recinto inmediato de la plaza de Sn. Juan de Puerto Rico / Manuel Sicardo ES-DF AGMM PL PRI-4/8 2119387 Cartoteca Archivo General de Madrid, Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, España

Anne S.K. Brown Military Collection, Brown University Library Anne S.K. Brown Military Collection, Brown University Library

075 Mapa de la plaza de Sn. Juan de Puerto Rico y sus contornos con los nombres de las Yslas, piedras, bancos de arena, arrecifes, rios, canales, caños, lagunas, caminos, tierras de labor, las fortificaciones ynteriores y exteriores de dicha plaza [sic] : y exteriores de dicha plaza, situada en la costa septentrional de la Ysla del mismo nombre [sic] / Delineado en este año de 1747 por el Yngro. Ordinario de dha. plaza Franco. ... Valdelomar,

ES-DF AGMM PL PRI-2/9 2119472 Cartoteca Archivo General de Madrid, Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, España

127 Plano geométrico de la plantilla y recinto inmediato de la plaza de Sn. Juan de Puerto Rico / Manuel Sicardo ES-DF AGMM PL PRI-4/8 2119387 Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, Cartoteca Archivo General de Madrid, España 127 Vista y Perfil de la Plaza de Puerto Rico

ES-DF AGMM PL PRI-24/11 2119360 Cartoteca Archivo General de Madrid, Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, España

127 Plano de Pto. Rico en la ysla de este nombre situado en 18°37’ de latitd. N. y en 59°42’ de longd. O. de Cádiz,Washington D.C.,Plano de Pto. Rico en la ysla de este nombre situado en 18°37’ de latitd. N. y en 59°42’ de longd. O. de Cádiz,

G4974.S5 1780 .M4,90683887

128 Plano y Perfil del espaldon, Llamado La Butta que sirve de Blanco, a la Batteria de la esquela (1 de febrero de 1749) Signatura: MPD, 24, 073. Ubicación Anterior: SMA, 00322 Archivo General de Simancas, Barcelona. Tiro (Ciencia militar). Planos. 1749,AGS. Secretaría de Marina, 00322. Manuscrito sobre papel. Explicación. Tinta y colores. - Con carta de Juan Rafael Silby al Marqués de la Ensenada, Barcelona 1 de febrero de 1749, Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, España

155 Eupalement, Art militaire - Fortification, autor desconocido,

Eupalement, Art Militaire - Fortification, author unknown, Planche IX artist unknown (1762),FRANCE

166 Plan of the harbour, town, and island of St. Juan de Porto Rico. :with a sketch of the coast as far as the Point of Cangrejos,

I.D. W.O. No. 1338, UIN: BLL01015633207, System # 015633207

167 Plano que comprende el terreno desde la plaza de San Juan de Pto. Rico hasta parte del Condado : en el que se manifiestan todas las obras provisionales executadas [sic] despues de la invasión ó tentatiba [sic] de los Yngleses [sic] en el año de 1797 de orden del Señor Capn. General de esta Ysla [sic] el Mariscal de Campo Don Ramon de Castro / lo levanto y lavo el Ayudante de Yngeniero [sic] Dn. Juan Manuel de la Cruz y lo concluyo en Puerto Rico en 18 de Marzo de 1801,

ES-DF AGMM PL PRI-24/1 2119246 Cartoteca Archivo General de Madrid Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, España

Plano del puerto de Sn. Juan de Puerto Rico.,Washington D.C.,Plano del puerto de Sn. Juan de Puerto Rico.,G4974. S5 1780 .P52,90683904, López De Vargas Machuca, T. (1791) Mapa topográfico de la Isla de San Juan de Puerto Rico y la de bieque con la division de sus partidos. ,Washington D.C.,López De Vargas Machuca, T. (1791) Mapa topográfico de la Isla de San Juan de Puerto Rico y la de bieque con la division de sus partidos., MR/2/145,99463770,

Plano de la Plaza de Puerto Rico y sus inmediaciones / Mestre Cartoteca Archivo General de Madrid PRI/15/9 AGMM Madrid, España Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte Cartoteca Archivo General de Madrid ES-DF AGMM PL PRI-15/9 2119600 Mapa de la plaza de Sn. Juan de Puerto Rico y sus contornos con los nombres de las Yslas, piedras, bancos de arena, arrecifes, rios, canales, caños, lagunas, caminos, tierras de labor, las fortificaciones ynteriores y exteriores de dicha plaza [sic] : y exteriores de dicha plaza, situada en la costa septentrional de la Ysla del mismo nombre [sic] / Delineado en este año de 1747 por el Yngro. Ordinario de dha. plaza Franco. ... Valdelomar Cartoteca Archivo General de Madrid PRI/2/9 AGMM Madrid, España Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte Cartoteca Archivo General de Madrid ES-DF AGMM PL PRI-2/9 2119472

I - N San Juan y sus Cercanías, 1776 Firmado por Thomas O'Daly 27 abril 1776 MNM_0022_A_0008.psd O,M

AR_J_T_4_C_2_41.jpg Puerto Rico (Isla) Mapas generales 1791 Puerto Rico (Isla). Mapas generales. 1791 Mapa topográfico de la Isla de San Juan de Puerto Rico, y la de Bieque, con la división de sus partidos [Material cartográfico] / Por Don Tomás Lopez, Geógrafo de los Dominios de S.M. é individuo de varias Academias 852. 40 M-BN BNMADRID MA00009914 Mr/2/145 Puerto Rico (Isla). Mapas generales. 1791 Hay 3 ejem. iguales con el mismo registro GM SALA_GOYA Biblioteca Digital Hispánica MR/2/145

Mapas Históricos · Historic Maps

Imágenes Adicionales · Additional Images

Modelos Digitales · Digital Models

Plano de la Plaza de Puerto Rico y sus imediaciones. 13 de septiembre de 1783. Juan Francisco Mestre. Instituto de Historia y Cultura Militar Signatura PRI-15-09 (Servicio Histórico Militar Madrid K-b-3-45) "Plano de Puerto Rico, en la Ysla de este nombre, situado en 18.57, de la Lat.d N. y en 59.42 al O.te del Observat.o de Cadiz, mandado lebantar por el Cap.n del Nav.o de la R.l Arm.da D.n Josef de Pereda, Comendador de Auñon, y Berlinches, en la Orn. de Calatraba, y, Comand.te del Navio S.n Juan Nepomuceno, anclado en este Puerto en el mes de Diz.re de 1782. Por su prim.r Piloto de Num.o Abilit.do de Ofiz.l D.n Fran.co Mendez; y reduz.do por su 2° Comand.te Cap.n D.n Antonio Montenegro y Belasço." Instituto de Historia y Cultura Militar Signatura PRI13-01 (Servicio Histórico Militar Madrid K-b-4-25) "Plano de Puerto-Rico en la Ysla de este Nombre Situado en 18.° 37' Lat.d N. y en 60.°, 54' al O. del Observatorio de Cadiz mandado levantar por el Cap.n de Navio de la R.l Armada D.n Jph de Pereda Comendador de la orden de Calatraba y Com.te del Navío S.n Juan Nepomuceno anclado en este Puerto en el mes de Diz.rede 1782 por su 1.er Piloto del N° Avilitado de Oficial D.n Francisco Ramon Mendez, Puerto Rico y Agosto 18 de 1783. Copiado por Juan Fran.co Mestre" Instituto de Historia y Cultura Militar Signatura PRI-21-05 (Servicio Histórico Militar Madrid K-b-4-28) "Plano Geométrico del Puerto Capital de Puerto Rico. Levantado por el Capitan de Navío dela R.l Armada, D. Cosme Damian de Churruca, Año de 1794" Instituto de Historia y Cultura Militar Signatura PRI-13-01 (Arch. de planos,Servicio Histórico Militar Madrid)

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Modelo hecho en el siglo 18 de una lancha de desembarco Británica con fondo plano, 1758 (c). Study Collection, National Army Museum, London Lowenstein Fusilier & Chaussuer (1796) Arte por/Art by Robert J. Marion A perspective view of Coxheath Camp representing a Grand Review of the Army Series, Anne S.K. Brown Military Collection View of the camp on Bagshot Heath: His Majesty coming up to view the troops, Anne S.K. Brown Military Collection López De Vargas Machuca, T. (1791) Mapa topográfico de la Isla de San Juan de Puerto Rico y la de bieque con la division de sus partidos. [Madrid: S.N] [Map] Retrieved from the Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/item/99463770/. Uniforme del Regimiento fijo de la Plaza de San Juan de Puerto Rico. Archivo General de Simancas,Signatura: MDP,15,039 Valladolid, España. (1791) “Diseño de uniforme de la Compañía de “Artillería de Santo Domingo. (Blanco.) 1 Compañía de 61 plazas””. Sevilla, España. Archivo General de Indias. AGI Signatura: MP-UNIFORMES,119 (1785-2-4) Batallon de Morenos Libres de Puerto Rico, Battalion of Freed Blacks of Puerto Rico, AGI Signatura: MP-UNIFORMES,113BIS (1785-1-29) Uniforme de las Milicias Disciplinadas de Puerto Rico. Sevilla, España. Archivo General de Indias. AGI Signatura: MPUNIFORMES,114BIS (1785-1-29) Milicias Disciplinadas de Caballería de Puerto Rico, Cavalry Disciplined Militia of Puerto Rico, Signatura: AGI MPUNIFORMES,112 (1785-1-29) Diseño de uniforme de "Artillero de la dotación de Puerto Rico", Archivo General de India, Signatura: MP-UNIFORMES,115BIS, Sevilla, España (1785) Real Cuerpo de Artillería, Royal Corps of Artillery, 200 milicianos/ militia — AGI Signatura: MP-UNIFORMES,115BIS Capitán Don Ramón Carvajal, José Campeche y Jordán, Museo de Are de Ponce,Ponce, Puerto Rico (1792) Retrato de Wynthuseysen y Pineda, Francisco Javier (1747-1797) representando con uniforme de capitán de fragata, anónimo, Museo Naval, Madrid (1781) Capitán de Ingenieros (1790) · Captain of Engineers (1790), El ejercito y la armada: desde la antigüedad hasta 1862, Capitán Manuel Giménez González Real Academia de la Historia,, Miniterio de Defensa, (1982) Capitán de Ingenieros (1799) · Captain of Engineers (1799) , General Research Division, The New York Public Library. (1910). Real Cuerpo de Ingenieros. Creado Año, de 1711. (1797) Capitán Don Ramón de Carvajal (1750-1800) de José Campeche y Jordán, PR10029, Museo de Arte de Ponce José Campeche, pintor, Retrato por Ramó Aquiles, Colección Privada Retrato de Winthuysen y Pineda, Francisco Javier (1747-1797) representado con uniforme pequeño de capitán de fragata.AMN, 1517-2; Fernando González de Canales, Catálogo de pinturas del Museo Naval, Madrid, Ministerio de Defensa, 2000, tomo II.

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Renderosity - RT- M4 Officers & Gentlemen Expansion Turbosquid - Sacks, logs, mill, wagon, cannon Stock Media Products - Royalty Free horses José E. López Reyes (original) - gunboat, pontoon, forts, bridge, mortar, cannon, wagons, gunpowder magazines and quarters, epaulement

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San Juan 1797 - Compendio Ilustrado / Illustrated Compendium [Part 11] [Pag 154 - 192]

Articles inside

San Juan 1797 - Compendio Ilustrado / Illustrated Compendium [Part 12 [Pag 154 - 192]