MALIKHAING BALINTATA
Foreword
One of the most creative ways to express is to employ critical thinking and imagination. It is ability to think clearly and rationally. This requires reflective and independent thinking. Independent and Reflective thinking requires the attitude. The attitude to think indifferently than others and yet had found themselves successful without the help of others. Critical thinking does not just employ the ability to think rationally but also to find bearing in doing things. Those bearings will be the fire and the desire to continue and pursue things and as the result of this critical thinking and imagination does not help the writers but also the readers to be enlightened by new found knowledge. Balintataw. Of all things why balintataw does paved its way to the minds of the authors? Balintataw means pupil, the little hole in the middle of the iris that serves as passageway for the light to pass through the eyes. With the use of rhetorical thoughts the authors define Balintataw as a thriftbox for knowledge and ideas through creative minds, which paved its way to its meaning as creative thinking. With the ever continuous competition and congestion it is important for students not just to be smart but to be a creative thinker and imaginative as well with the integration of being expressive. The Balintataw is divided into three parts: Campus Press Freedom, Buwan ng Wika and School of Arts and Sciences Days. In Campus Press Freedom it emphasizes on two things. First about Zero Based Grading System its origin and compositions, wherein the pros and cons of Zero Based Grading System was discussed and Second the Introduction to Social Work, a newly introduced course of School of Arts and Sciences wherein misconceptions about Social Work had been tackled and how their course works.
In Buwan ng Wika Ortografiya and Veganism raked its way to discussion. Ungrammatical and common mistakes were tackled in translating the two major languages in the Philippiines. Veganism will get the attention of those health conscious person and the dieters among the facts about vegetables and fruits and cons of eating meat and other products which are unnatural. School of Arts and Sciences Days deals with two topics concerning about Marinduque. First is the Boac as a rising city. Originate from 1621 the municipality is aiming and paving its way to cityhood. It will give emphasize on how municipalities will be converted to cities. With relation to this another topic was introduced Marinduque Peace and Order. As of now to be we still considered Marinduque Peace and Order with the threat of cityhood of its municipality Boac. Through Marinduque Peace and Order crime rates will be tackled as well as its causes, factors and preventions.
TABLE OF CONTENTS EDUCATUS o Zero – Based Grading System o Intro To Social Work
CONVERSION o Ortografiya o Veganism
MONOTONE o Boac As A Rising City o
Marinduque Peace And Order
Educatus ZERO-BASED GRADING SYSTEM INTRO TO SOCIAL WORK
ZERO-BASED GRADING SYSTEM
Chapter I Introduction Background of the study Grade is the most important thing a student should be always prioritizing. This reflect to the student’s performance in school, whether he study very well or not. This is always given a lot of efforts to make it high. But what if the effort that the student is exerting to have a high grades still needs an additional or needs to be on the maximum level? Could he still have time with other matters out of the school? This are some questions that students will be asking if the new grading system will be implemented, the so called zero-based grading system. The zero based grading system is the latest issue regarding on how students should be graded. Not like the usual grading that they have in school this need a lot of effort so no one will fail. In zero-based grading system if the number of items is up to 100 then the passing grade is 60, the usual or the base 50, the passing score is 75. There is a big difference if the two is compare. The base 50 is easier compare to the zero-based grading system. Zero-based grading system had been proposed to Marinduque State College. Many students do not know yet what is it really all about, many students are also not aware of its implementation. From the proposal given to the different deans of schools the subject was IMPLEMENTION OF MARINDUQUE STATE COLLEGEACORESOLUTION no.20,S.2013 “A RESOLUTION RECOMMENDING THE PILOT-TESTING OF THE PROPOSED GRADING SYSTEM IN ALL DEGREE PROGRAMS OF THE COLLEGE WITH LICENSYRE/ BOARD EXAMINATION THIS 1ST SEMESTER, AY 2013-2014” APPROVED ON JUNE 0, 2013. The implementation of the said grading system in the college is not clear and said to all of the students. This is the first time that the college will use zero-based grading system for all the
degrees which has licensure/ board examination. The college does not know yet if this will have a positive or negative impact to the students.
Objectives This study contains the following objectives: 1. To know whether the students agree/disagree or in between with the implementation of the zero-based grading system? 2. To determine if the reasons of the students for agreeing/disagreeing/ in between with the implementation of the zero-based grading negative system are positive or negative. Significance of the study The result of this study will benefits to all students who are taking a degree which has licensure/ board examination as well as those who do not have. And this will also help them to adjust on the new grading system. Scope and limitations This study is limited to the implementation of the zero-based grading system. There are (13) respondents from AB-English students and (7)students of BS- Social Work students in Marinduque State College, Tanza, boac, Marinduque.
CHAPTER II Review of related literature The zero based grading system is the latest issue regarding on how students should be graded. Not like the usual grading that they have in school this need a lot of effort so no one will fail. According to anonymous writer from the internet,“This training is timing as the DepEd releases the DepEd Order No. 73 about the Assessment of K12 Students. I post it here since we are using rubrics in K-12 and rubrics are the main concept in this training. The K12 grading system uses 0-base in which score is divided by the highest possible score. In rubrics using 10 as the highest possible score, if you give your student a grade of 5 that is 5/10, which is 50%, that is too low to obtain passing grade of 75%, thus, to make the student passed, only grades from 8-10 must be given. " Here is the transmutation table. Base 0
Base 50
Base 70
0
0
0
50
0
70
1
10
1
55
1
73-
2
20
2
60
2
76
3
30
3
65
3
79
4
40
4
70
4
82
5
50
5
75
5
85
6
60
6
80
6
88
7
70
7
85
7
91
8
80
8
90
8
94
9
90
9
95
9
97
10
100
10
100
10
100
Or the number of items is up to 100 then the passing grade is 60, the usual or the base 50, the passing score is 75. There is a big difference if the two is compare. The base 50 is easier compare to the zero-based grading system.
CHAPTER III Methodology This chapter presents the research design, the sample, the data gathering instruments, the data gathering procedure and the data analysis procedure. The Research Design This study used questionnaires which consist of two (2) questions about the implementation of the zero based grading system. The Sample This study was conducted at Marinduque State Collge, Tanza, Boac,Marinduque. Respondents are (13) students of AB- English and (7) students of BS- Social Work.In total number of 20students. Students of AB- English were chosen because zero-based grading is practiced by some of their teachers and the BS- Social Work studentswere chosen because they have licensure/ board examination. The Data Gathering Instruments This study used questionnaires which consist of questionsregarding on the agreement/ disagreement and in between the implementation of the zero-based grading system.
The Data Analysis Procedure The results of the questionnaires were analyzed by the following statistical formula: P=F/ n x 100% Where: P- percentage F- frequency N – no.of respondents
CHAPTER IV RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Table 1. Respondents answers regarding the implementation of zero-based grading system. Frequency
Percentage
Agree
16
85%
Disagree
3
15%
In Between
2
10%
Total
100%
Table 1 shows the answers of the respondents whether they agree/ disagree or in between the implementation of zero-based grading system. It shows that 16 or 75% agree, 3 or 15% disagree while 2 or 10% are in between.
Table 2. Respondents who's reasons are positive and negative with the implementation of the zerobased grading system.
Frequency
Percentage
Positive
16
80%
Negative
4
20%
Total
100%
Table 2 shows the answers of the respondents whose reasons are positive and negative with the implementation of the zero-based grading system. Itshows that 16 or 80% answered positive while 4 or 20% answered negative.
CHAPTER V Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation This study aims to determine if the students agree/ disagree or in between with the implementation of the zero-based grading system in Marinduque State College, and if the students reasons are positive or negative. The result of this study will benefits to all students who are taking a degree which has licensure/ board examination as well as those who do not have. And this will also help them to adjust on the new grading system. The survey with the set of questionnaires was conducted from (13) respondents from ABEnglish students and (7) BS- Social Work students in Marinduque State College, Tanza, boac, Marinduque. The study revealed that majority of the respondents agree with the implementation of the zero-based grading system, and the large number of respondent’s reasons of agreeing with the implementation of the zero-based grading system are positive. Based on the study findings, most of the students are aware of the implementation of zerobased grading system and they are already prepared if the zero-based grading system will be implemented because they agree on it. The less number of the respondents do not agree with implementation and others are in between because for them it will just cause too much pressure to the students. In addition, its implementation must be given an emphasis and must be disseminated very well.
To be sure that the implementation of the zero-based will not cause negative effects here are some recommendations: 1. Students must study harder. 2. Do not take for granted the policies regarding the grading system.
Name: ______________ Course and Year: _____________
1. Do you agree/disagree or in between with the implementation of zero-based grading system? 2. Is your reason for agreeing/ disagreeing or in between with implementation of the zerobased grading system?
Name: ______________ Course and Year: _____________
3. Do you agree/disagree or in between with the implementation of zero-based grading system? 4. Is your reason for agreeing/ disagreeing or in between with implementation of the zerobased grading system?
Republic of the Philippines MARINDUQUE STATE COLLEGE School of Arts and Sciences July 26, 2013
Tanza, Boac, Marinduque
DR. JULIETA L. GO Dean, SAS This College
Madam: Good day! Celebrating the campus freedom this week, we are organizing Zero Based Grading System and the Introduction to Social Work. This forum aims to help students learn more things and to be more aware of the program. It will be held at Speech Lab at 1:30 in the afternoon July 4, 2013. He Social Work students and the AB English first year are the participants. The said activity will be conducted by the AB English 2nd year students. In connection to this we would like to seek your approval regarding the said activity. We look forward to your favorable response regarding this matter. Thank you.
Respectfully Yours, AB English 2
INTRO TO SOCIAL WORK
CHAPTER I Introduction BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY To help those who are in need is such a great work, to give your time for those who seek for it is a kindness, having a heart for those who are at circumstances is heroism. To help wholeheartedly is the greatest job in this world; it is not waiting for any reward. Job is not always what makes you rich in terms of money; it is what makes you happy and contented. Being a social worker is job that makes someone happy and contented, even the salary is not as big like the other professionals because someone can offer his services to the people who are in needs. Social work is often misinterpreted and underestimated by the people. According to theR.A. 4373 or the law by Congress in 1965 elevating Social Work to a Profession. It only means that the misinterpreted and underestimated work is a profession and sometimes higher than to the profession of the people who are underestimating it. People should not be deceived of what they just see they must know well first before they judge something. Social work in the first place is one of the greatest works. OBJECTIVES This study contains the following objectives: 1. To know if students are misinterpreted and underestimating social work. 2. To determine what the reasons are why social work is being misinterpreted and underestimated. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This study is significant to the students so they will have a better idea of what is social work and to correct those people about their wrong perception regarding the social work. SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS This study is limited to the misinterpretation and underestimation of social work. And conducted at Marinduque State College and the respondents are 10 enrollees of BS-Social work and 10 other students from Marinduque State College.
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Social work as defined in the R.A. 4373 – law by Congress in 1965 elevating Social Work to a Profession is the primarily concerned with organized social services activity aimed to facilitate and strengthen basic social relationship in the mutual adjustment between individuals and their social environment for the good of the individual and society, and by the use of social work methods. Social work profession promotes social change problem-solving, in human relationship and the empowerment and liberation of people to enhance well-being. Under the social work is the social welfare. It promotes well-being of the people and a set of institutions and agencies established by society to provide various kinds of social support to people who may need them. Programs or the plan of action to accomplish a specified end and an organized social arrangements which have their direct and primary objective the well-being of people in social context. Social security refers to the whole set of compulsory measures instituted to protect the individuals and his family against the consequences of an unavoidable interruption and refers to material/concrete aids supports provides usually by government agencies to people who have no income or means of support for themselves and their families for reasons such as loss of employment, natural disaster, etc. As the researchergathered data about social work it is the job where someone gives his services to those who are in need or those who are less fortunate. And this may be the reason why many has been misinterpreted and underestimating the social work.
CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY This chapter presents the research design, the sample, the data gathering instruments, the data gathering procedure and the data analysis procedure. The Research Design This study uses a questionnaire in order to gather necessary data. The Sample The conducted at Marinduque State College, Tanza, Boac, Marinduque and the respondents are 10 enrollees of BS-Social work and 10 other students from Marinduque State College. In total number of 20. The Data Gathering Instruments This study used questionnaires which consist of questions regarding on the misinterpretation and underestimation of the social work and the reasons why. The Data Analysis Procedure To determine the frequency and the percentage of the respondents, it can be obtained by dividing the total number of answer by the total member of the respondents, times one hundred. P=F/n x 100%
Where: P- percentage F- frequency N – no.of respondents
CHAPTER IV RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS Table 1.Respondents answer if they are misinterpreted and underestimating Social Work. Frequency
Percentage
Misinterpreted/underestimated
5
25%
not
15
75%
misinterpreted/
not
underestimated Total
100%
Table 1 shows that 15 or 75% of the respondents did not misinterpreted nor underestimated the social work and 5 or 25%of the respondents misinterpreted/ underestimated the social work.
Table 2.Respondents reasons why are they misinterpreted and underestimating Social Work. Frequency The idea of anyone could be a
Percentage 1
5%
0
0%
2
10%
social worker Social work focus more on less fortunate Salary of a social worker
(SPECIFIED REASONS) Social work will only work for
1
5%
1
5%
DSWD It depends on the agency they are working Total
25%
Table 2 shows that the 25% of the respondents misinterpreted/ underestimated social work for some reasons. 1 or 5% of of the respondent answered the idea of anyone could be a social worker, none for the social work focus more on less fortunate, 2 or 10% answered the salary of the social worker and the specified reasons are 1 or 5% of the respondent answered Social work will only work for DSWD and 1 or 5% of the respondent answered It depends on the agency they are working.
CHAPTER V Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation The study aimed to know if students are misinterpreted and underestimating social work to determine what the reasons are why social work is being misinterpreted and underestimated. This study is significant to the students so they will have a better idea of what is social work and to correct those people about their wrong perception regarding the social work. This study is limited to the misinterpretation and underestimation of social work. And conducted at Marinduque State College and the respondents are 10 enrollees of BS-Social work and 10 other students from Marinduque State College. The study revealed that majority of the respondents did not misinterpret nor underestimate the social work. The less of the respondents answered they misinterpreted/ underestimated the social work and gave some reasons. The majority reason they gave is the salary of the social worker. Based on the findings of the study students have a very wide idea with regards the social work and only few but there are still students misinterpreted/ underestimated the social work and did not know what social work is. In addition, there are still people who do not know what social work is andthey judge social work by what they think and they see.
In spite of the positive outlook of the students about social work there are still who has its negative outlook about it, and to avoid this here is a recommendation: 1. Correct this misinterpretation and underestimation by educating people about social work.
1. Did you misinterpret/ underestimate the social work?
2. If yes, what is your reason? ___ the idea that anyone could be a social worker ___ Social work focus more on less fortunate ____ Salary of a social worker ___ Others please specify
MARY GRACE MATAAC LED THE PRELIMINARIES
READING THE PROPOSAL FOR IMPLEMENTING THIS SYSTEM
CLAUDEM JAGONG WHILE PRESENTING HER TOPIC—ZEROBASED GRADING SYSTEM.
BY CLAUDEM JAGONG.
MRS. MAY ANN BAŇAGA AS OUR GUEST SPEAKER FOR THE SAID FORUM.
A STUDENT FROM BS SOCIAL WORK SHARED HER REACTION REGARDING ON ZERO-BASED GRADING SYSTEM SINCE THEY HAVE A BOARD EXAM.
FIRST YEAR STUDENT FROM ABENGLISH AND 8BS SOCIAL WORK PARTICIPATED THE FORUM IN
KRISKA MONCADA FROM AB-ENGLISH 2 ALSO SHARED HER REACTION FOR THIS TOPIC ZERO-BASED GRADING SYSTEM.
SPEECH LABORATORY.
JOHN MARK VALENCIA ALSO SHARED HIS PERCEPTION FOR HAVING THE SAID SYSTEM.
KRISTEL JARDINIANO SAYS THAT SHE IS AGREE ON THIS SYSTEM IN ORDER FOR STUDENT TO STRIVE HARDER FOR THEIR STUDIES.
We celebrated the Campus Press Freedom Week last July 24, 2013 and with regards to this activity. We students of AB-English 2 conducted a public forum in Speech Laboratory where 1st year ABEnglish and BS-Social work being as our audience at that time. We invited Mrs. May Anne Bañaga as our guest speaker. Our speakers were Ms. Claudem Jagong which she discussed the Zero-Based grading System and its effect to the students and Mrs. Gemma Malinao for the Introduction to Social Work. Claudem Jagong discussed the proposal meaning of Zero-Based grading System. She also compared the usual Grading System and Zero Based Grading System. We asked from our audience what are their perception are any reaction if this system will be implemented for this following semester. We got a respond to them, some are agree and some are not. They said that it will help a student to strive harder for their studies. Disagree at the same time because failing grades might be expected which will make our parents disappointed. But then majority of the audience says that they were agree if ever this system will be implemented though it’s hard, it can be their motivation to study very well and pass the requirements at the same time. Next, Mrs.Gemma Malinao discussed all about the Social Work since this year they are the first batch for the course BS-Social Work. She presented some details about BS-Social Work in order for us to understand much better their chosen field of specialization. After stating the details about her topic. Mrs. May Anne Bañaga presented us a video which shows poverty, beggars, and children on the street without permanent homes. And of course, What are BS-Social Work duties and responsibilities after they had their job. At that video, she did not explain or say anything about the Social Work because what she showed was already enough for us to understand what a social worker is. A student from AB-English 4 asked a question and that was "Is it true that after you graduate in this course you will just turns out into a BSW?". She said that while she was in the jeepney she heard someone says that if the BS-Social Work graduated already they will JUST become a BSW. She thinks that their course has been underestimated by the other students. Mrs. Banaga explained very well her thoughts and perceptions regarding on this issue which gives a satisfaction to the one who asked that particular question. She elaborated the duties and responsibilities of being a Social Worker. We end our discussion with this quotation by Mam Bañaga "ALL OF US CAN BE A SOCIAL WORKER." We gave Mrs. Bañaga a certificate of appreciation for sharing her knowledge in both topic - Zero Based Grading System and Introduction to Social Work. We also acknowledge the presence of Mrs. Suzette Malangis our ad6viser for monitoring us in the said activity. We finished our forum with a smile in our face because it was really a good time experienced to hold a public forum. Though it was our second forum, we gained a positi6ve feedbacks coming from our audience after the forum.
Conversi on ORTOGRAFIYA VEGANISM
ORTOGRAFIYA
CHAPTER I A. INTRODUCTION Authorities point out that spelling is a special phase of the general skill of writing whose significance is not only linguistics but as well as social. The implication is that if you spell words correctly it reflects very favorably on your social personality. According to 1987 Alphabet and Spelling Guidelines Filipino Languages, there is an order reformed our alphabet to associate it with provision of the 1987 constitution regarding the enrichment of Filipino as the national language and Government as well as rapid response to change development and proliferation of national language. This translation is very confusing because anyone might misspell whenever they are going to write in English. But we can’t disobey this, because this is already an order. So we have just to be aware of this. This topic is chosen because of the researcher’s due to confusion in writing in English and Filipino and being conscious in spelling motivated the researcher for this so that results can be shared to others to prevent the case that the researcher is suffering from. STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Spelling is very important. It’s not good to read whenever there is a misspelled word. In this translation, we can differentiate the spelling of English word into Filipino. We need to study this. “It’s a new generation”.
STATEMENT OF OBJECTIVES At the end of this research, the following are expected: 1. Guided to correct spelling for application in writing activities. 2.
Developed awareness in spelling English and Filipino.
3. Differentiated the spelling of English word translate in Filipino. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY Anyone can benefit this study, spelling is very useful. It reflects to anyone mostly for the educators how wide their knowledge is through spelling. Writing this Filipino word from English is new issue, it will make us smarter. This is another extension for us. SCOPE AND DELIMITATION This study will awaken anyone for spelling. English and Filipino word is almost the same in the spelling. It will help anyone to enrich their second language.
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE Filipino is more Tag- lish. It prefers to use more hypenated Tagalog – English combinations or code shifting since Filipino citizens will combine English and Tagalog most of the time. Anyway, some say that this is because many Filipinos are not fluent both in English and Tagalog. Majority in the upper and middle class, Philippine society use more Tag- lish than those who belong to the lower – income groups community. Filipino will sway more towards transliteration – that is just spelling the source words according to the Filipino way of saying (example: discussion in Tagalog is pag- uusap, pagtatalakayan, pagbabalitaktakan, but Filipino will simply use diskusyon changing c to k). In a “strictly” Tagalog translation, transliteration should be done only when there is absolutely no extract equivalent. While Tagalog does not have C, F, V, X, and CH in its alphabet, Filipino has incorporated all these letters already which explains the variations in spelling when one compares translations. (English-to-tagalog.com) This study leads to misspelling due to carelessness homonyms or homophones, troublesome spot such as successive vowels and double consonants. (Fernando. Habana. Cinco) Many people have spelling problems. You need not to be one of them if you will pay close attention to certain spelling guidelines offered in English, spelling by syllables, spelling words with affixes, spelling mnemonic device and spelling by rules. (1969 F. C Robles) Even in Filipino there is also a spelling guidelines, (1987 Alphabet and Spelling FilipinoLanguages). Translating English to Filipino is not that hard if we are aware of this and we
know the guidelines. A dictionary is one of the most useful references books you can have. It can help you spell, divide and use words correctly. Learn to be a better speller by studying the following rules and methods for improving your spelling. One of the best ways to become a better speller is to learn the following spelling rules. Once you have learned them, you will become a better speller. (McDougall,Littell)
CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY The design of the research is informative. Serving to instruct or enlighten or inform. Providing or conveying information. The research will inform everyone who loves writing to be aware in spelling specially educators. The researcher analyze and study her topic, then gathered information about it. She searched in different books and online pages, and asking anyone some of English words that translated in Tagalog. With the help also of dictionary, the researcher is sure in her spelling in the information. CHAPTER IV PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS Ortografiya- the ortograpiyang Filipino is the art of writing words with the proper equipment and correct spelling --1987 Alphabet and Spelling Guidelines Filipino Languages Due to the rapid development and changing the national language Filipino who demonstrated the entry of words from various languages native and foreign and because they are still adding eight letters ( c, f, j, n, q, v, x, z ) alphabet letters borrowed by Filipino to keep pace with progressive growth of language, and in response still required explanation in the way of using the letters of the alphabet revised by the teachers, writers, researchers, and general audiences speaking and writing in Filipino language therefore comes out the 1987 Guidelines Spelling commission in Filipino language. Ortografiya is the method of providing symbols in our language oral and written methods. Therefore determines it just the way of spelling or orthography of language and its range
or alphabet letters. -- Borrowed Letters A reality needs to borrow Filipino language in English, Spanish, and other languages to meet the massive entry of new cultural items and new concepts brought by modernization and technology. Plus the usual Filipinos are changing language borrows words freely any variety of the language used, whether oral or written. 2001 Revision of Filipino Alphabet The importance of 2001 alphabet with eight extra characters, means that you can also use all the borrowed words, in formal or technical variety, or common words. General spelling of common words from different native languages must follow the rules of what is the pronunciation that is also the spelling. The pronunciation or oral spelling of Filipino is patitik and not syllabic. Ortography or spelling is a phonetic one or writing neatly sequence of letters in forming a word. Words with Digraph- a pair of characters used to write one phoneme (distinct sound) or a sequence of phonemes that does not correspond to the normal values of the two characters combined. a. In English words that the ending letters are “ct”, the “ct’’ will change to “k” when you spelled it in Filipino. Abstract - abstrak Impact – impak
Addict – adik b. Change “sh” to “sy’’ in spelling Filipino Workshop – worksyap Shooting – syuting Censorship – sensorsyip c. Words borrowed ‘’s’’ Put letter ‘’I’’ in the beginning of the initial letter ‘’s’’ Schedule – iskedyul Sport – isport Scout – iskawt d. Consecutive words of the same consonant Bulletin – buliten Grammar – gramar Pattern – patern As the researcher observed, this is really confusing. The English words are almost the same as it is translated in Tagalog.
CHAPTER V INTERPRETATION OF DATA This study awakened everyone. It gives idea on how to translate. It also makes awareness of using this guide in spelling abilities. This study is not hard. If we just read and read, this is easy, always remember everything has a guidelines to make us learn more. And this study is really an extension for us as a Filipino. LITERATURE CITED www.english-to-tagalog.com Makabagong Balarilang Filipino 856 Nicanor Reyes, Sr. St. 1977 C. M. Recto Avenue Manila Phillipines Work Book For College Freshman English New Edition
English McDougal, Littell Modyul sa Komunikasyon sa Akademikong Filipino Teresita M. Tubongbanua
CHANGING OF LIFESTYLE: VEGANISM
Changing Lifestyle: Eating Habits Vegan Lifestyle or Vegetarianism A. Definition of Vegan B.
Definition of Vegetarianism
C. History of Vegetarianism D. Reasons of Conversion 1. Nutritional Concerns 2. Food safety 3. Animal Rights Concern 4. Unwanted Food Additives 5. Environmental Concern 6. Medical Condition 7. Disease Scare
Vegan A vegan is someone who tries to live without exploiting animals, for the benefit of animals, people and the planet. Vegans eat a plant-based diet, with nothing coming from animals - no meat, milk, eggs or honey. A vegan lifestyle also avoids leather, wool, silk and other animal products for clothing or any other purpose
Vegetarianism Practice of abstaining from flesh foods or from all foods of animal origin. Those who forego all animal foods are called “vegans”, while those who eat eggs and dairy products are sometimes referred to as lacto-ovo-vegetarians. History Vegetarianism has been practiced for centuries for diverse kinds of reasons. •
Belief in reincarnation,
•
Several ancient religions, including notably Buddhism
•
Stress the kinship of man and other animals and accordingly forbid killing, although not
and Jainism,
always meat-eating. •
Pythagoras (Greek Philosopher, 6th century B.C. and Empedocles (Greek philosopher 5th century B.C. - urged abstaining from meat as well as from beans and certain other foods. -In the case of both, abstention from meat may have been related to their belief in the transmigration of souls.
Reasons of Conversion •
Religious Beliefs - A number of religions are associated with vegetarianism.
*Buddhists *Hindus *Jains
Judaism does not prescribe a vegetarian diet, but it does place restrictions on the eating of meat. Reasons of Conversion 1. Religious Beliefs A number of religions are associated with vegetarianism. Many Buddhists, Hindus, Jains and Sikhs are vegetarians. Judaism does not prescribe a vegetarian diet, but it does place restrictions on the eating of meat. 2. Nutritional Concerns Many believe that a vegetarian diet is healthier than one that includes meat. Vegetarians usually get more beneficial vitamins and nutrients from their regular diet, and less harmful substances such as saturated fat and cholesterol. These factors are thought to reduce the risk of many diseases and ailments. 3. Food Safety The bacteria E. coli is one of the most dreaded food contamination issues, and it is found primarily in meat. Although there have been cases of other foods being contaminated with E. coli, it is acquired through contact with contaminated meat
4. Animal Rights Concerns Animal rights are primary concern of many vegetarians. The production and slaughtering of animals to be used as food is often performed under questionable conditions and with little regard for the animals’ quality of life. This has led many former meat-eaters to turn to vegetarianism.
5. Unwanted Food Additives Factory farms often dose their poultry and livestock with antibiotics and hormones. These remain in their meat and end up on the tables of those who eat it, often without their knowledge. 6. Environmental Concerns The production of meat and animal products often has adverse effects on the environment. Factory farms are particularly notorious for their disregard of issues such as pollution and sustainability. This is one reason that vegetarianism and environmentalism often go hand in hand 7. Concern for Laborers Labor conditions in the meat industry often meet with scrutiny. Human rights are often disregarded, and worker safety often falls by the wayside. Not eating meat is one way to reduce the incidence of these labor violations 8. Economic Concerns Some believe that supporting the meat industry promotes world hunger, and there is sound logic behind this argument. The amount of land required to raise one heard of cattle, for example, could produce enough grain or vegetables to feed many times the number of people that the animal would feed over its lifetime 9. Medical Conditions People with certain medical conditions may benefit from a vegetarian diet. Prescription of such a diet is particularly common from doctors of alternative medicine
10. Disease Scares The Avian flu, hoof and mouth disease, and mad cow disease are examples of some of the disease scares that have been associated with the consumption of meat. These are serious and sometimes life-threatening aliments, and some consumers choose to avoid meat altogether to prevent exposure.
A. Introduction Vegetarianism is now an in demand lifestyle. It is believed to help people have a healthy living. It doesn’t require a particular age to start having this lifestyle. According to the Encyclopedia, this lifestyle was already occurring during the 6th century. Some are persuade to convert to this lifestyle because of their belief in reincarnation, several ancient religions stress the kinship of man and other animals and accordingly forbid killing, although not always meat-eating. People that undergo this lifestyle are sometimes misunderstood, ridiculed and teased because of their actions especially on eating. They are noted as picky in terms of food. This topic is chosen to reason out for the Vegetarians. To help the non-Vegans appreciate the other reasons of these people to convert their old lifestyle into this.
B. Statement of Problem Vegan people are always misunderstood by those who are not vegetarian. The reasons of the conversion must be shared to other people for them to be understood.
C. Statement of Objectives At the end of this research, the following are expected: 1. Vegan people will be appreciated by non-vegans. 2. Non-vegan will have a better understanding with regards to the reasons of vegan’s conversion to Vegetarianism. 3. Non-vegans will realize that either one of the reason presented will be a potential basis for their future conversion under unexpected circumstances.
D. Significance of the Study Vegetarians and non-vegetarians will benefit from this study. It will help the Vegans to be understood and Non-vegans will have a wide understanding upon them.
E. Scope and Delimitation This study will set off a better relationship between the Vegetarians and the NonVegans.
Review of Related Literature Vegetarianism is a practice of abstaining from flesh foods or from all foods of animal origin. Those who forego all animal foods are called “vegans�, while those who eat eggs and dairy products are sometimes referred to as lacto-ovo-vegetarians. The vegans must take care to include in his diet a proper balance of whole-grain cereals, legumes, nuts and nutlike seeds, and a wide variety of other vegetables and fruits. Lacto-ovo-vegetarians have no more difficulty in planning and adequate diet than do meat eaters, since eggs and dairy products can provide ample protein, calcium and B-vitamins. The adequacy of the lacto-ovo-
vegetarian diet gained considerable recognition as a result of the Allied blockade of Germany and Denmark in 1917-1918. During the blockade, when the Danes were forced to subsist on grain, vegetables, fruits and dairy foods, they showed both improved health and lower death rates. Similar health benefits appear to have occurred in Norway during World War II, when the Allied blockade drastically curtailed meat imports. (Encyclopedia Americana) (Diet Plans, Nutrition)There are many reasons why someone might choose to become a vegetarian. Some do so for religious reasons, while others have ethical concerns. Health is another consideration that many vegetarians have. Here are ten reasons why someone might want to be a vegetarian: 1. Religious Beliefs - A number of religions are associated with vegetarianism. Many Buddhists, Hindus, Jains and Sikhs are vegetarians. Judaism does not prescribe a vegetarian diet, but it does place restrictions on the eating of meat. 2. Nutritional Concerns – Many believe that a vegetarian diet is healthier than one that includes meat, and many studies have confirmed the benefits of vegetarianism. Vegetarians usually get more beneficial vitamins and nutrients from their regular diet, and less harmful substances such as saturated fat and cholesterol. These factors are thought to reduce the risk of many diseases and ailments. 3. Food Safety - Many food safety scares have been publicized over the past few decades, and the majority of these have involved meat. The bacteria E. coli is one of the most dreaded food contamination issues, and it is found primarily in meat. Although there have been cases of other foods being contaminated with E. coli, it is acquired through contact with contaminated meat. 4. Animal Rights Concerns – Animal rights is a primary concern of many vegetarians. The production and slaughtering of animals to be used as food is often performed under questionable conditions and with little regard for the animals’ quality of life. This has led many former meateaters to turn to vegetarianism.
5. Unwanted Food Additives – Factory farms often dose their poultry and livestock with antibiotics and hormones. These remain in their meat and end up on the tables of those who eat it, often without their knowledge. Those who are concerned about the effects of these additives often become vegans, as the antibiotics and hormones are also present in milk and eggs from the animals. 6. Environmental Concerns - The production of meat and animal products often has adverse effects on the environment. Factory farms are particularly notorious for their disregard of issues such as pollution and sustainability. This is one reason that vegetarianism and environmentalism often go hand in hand. 7. Concern for Laborers – Labor conditions in the meat industry often meet with scrutiny. Human rights are often disregarded, and worker safety often falls by the wayside. Not eating meat is one way to reduce the incidence of these labor violations. 8. Economic Concerns - Some believe that supporting the meat industry promotes world hunger, and there is sound logic behind this argument. The amount of land required to raise one heard of cattle, for example, could produce enough grain or vegetables to feed many times the number of people that the animal would feed over its lifetime. 9. Medical Conditions – People with certain medical conditions may benefit from a vegetarian diet. Prescription of such a diet is particularly common from doctors of alternative medicine. 10. Disease Scares – The Avian flu, hoof and mouth disease, and mad cow disease are examples of some of the disease scares that have been associated with the consumption of meat. These are serious and sometimes life-threatening aliments, and some consumers choose to avoid meat altogether to prevent exposure.
Abstract This topic is chosen because of the researcher’s parents. The researcher is interested to find out the other reason of converting to vegetarianism other than to improve health conditions. This case is very sensitive to the Vegetarians for the reason that they are always misunderstood by the non-vegetarians. The research enumerates the reasons why they stick to that kind of lifestyle. It also notifies the other reasons of their conversion.
Methodology Informative is the design of the research. The research informs to the audience. The research will inform everyone about the true reasons behind the conversion of people who decided to go with Vegetarianism. One reason that pursues the researcher to gather information about the reasons of converting to vegetarianism was because of the researcher’s parent’s aspiration to have a healthy lifestyle. The researcher searched through books and viainternet for the progress of the study.
Interpretation of Data The study awakens the audience to have a better understanding of Vegetarian people. It created a perception to the listeners that their conversion does not centralized on health concerns only. Literature cited: Encyclopedia Americana Pictures during the second forum on August 29, 2013
The prayer and the introduction of topics served as the preliminaries of the forum. The prayer was led by Marife Malco while the introduction of topics was given by Diane Faye T. Mirones.
Since the AB English-II was the sponsor of the forum
they
attended
together with AB English-I.
Brendyl Mazon was the first discussant with the topic Ortografiyang Filipino.
Rogelyn de la Cruz was the second discussant with the topic Vegeterianism.
The Ab English I students enjoys the topic and interacts with the discussant.
THE OPEN FORUM
Different students shared their experiences and ideas about the topic.
Monotone BOAC AS A RISING CITY MARINDUQUE PEACE AND ORDER
BOAC AS A RISING CITY
Chapter I- Introduction Background of the Study
Boac had existed since 1621 and it is a very long time since then Boac became a municipality. Why Boac is still a municipality since it’s almost a decade or a century ago. This reason had sparked the nerve of the researcher to conduct a study about this subject. Boac is a first class municipality in the Southern Tagalog region, existing approximately as early as 1621 during the Spanish period; the said town is now seeking its conversion to a city. Fueled by the rapid modernization and progress of neighboring provinces from MIMAROPA and CALABARZON, the reelected mayor of Boac Engr. Roberto Madla aims for the cityhood. Cityhood is a challenged to be face by a town of a certain province that is not unique to other towns. Mostly prestige is to be desired by the localities. Being a city means more budgets to the local government and raise attractions to its tourism. Challenges are to be face by progressing municipalities and towns, what determines its success is how its members acts and thinks towards it. Statement of the Problem The purpose of this study is to know how cityhood will cityhood affect the lives of the locality and how qualified Boac is to become a city. Statement of Objectives
The following are the objectives of this research: To give bearing to individuals especially those who are living in Boac. To provide extensive knowledge on the current situation of Boac. Awareness of the localities on the situation of Boac. To promote the fire in the localities for the conversion of Boac to a city. To conduct a table discussion on the progress of Boac as a rising city. Significance of the study Through this study an ample amount of knowledge will be given to the readers and those who will attend the table discussion. The students who doubt the capabilities of Boac to become a city would be enlighten by the facts that are going to be discussed. At certain points of this study we will be able to assess and evaluate the capabilities of Boac as a rising city. It is really important since the localities especially those who are living in Boac will have the bearing on the Cityhood. They will be the first to be affected by these changes and those changes will determine their livelihood.
Scope and Delimitation of the study This research will only include Boac, Marinduue therefore excluding other municipalities from Boac. It will only concern the current situation of Boac (2013). The respondents are only limited to students of Marinduque State College Year 2013-2014 who are willing to omit time for the conduct of the table discussion.
Chapter II- Review of Related Literature According to Network of Asia-Pacific Schools and Institutes of Public Administration and Governance (NAPSIPAG) Annual Conference (2005) in Impact of Cityhood on Human Development: The Case of Tagum City that cities are said to be the driving force in social and economic development. It is true that cities will not only affect the economic development but also the social development. Economic Development is integrated with social development. Whenever someone improves economically he moves into the social ladder as cited by the researcher’s professor Ms. May Anne Banaga. Though this can be really seen in the society nowadays especially if one is seeking prestige and power. Further findings of NAPSIPAG (2005) that cityhood causes increase in the revenues into the city coffers in relation to that the city government now will be able to afford better facilities such as better drainage system, parks, waterways and well-lit streets and walkways. With the article in PhilStar.com “City Mayors fear ill-effect of latest city hood ruling” with more than half of the country’s population dwelling in cities, the League of Cities of the Philippines (LCP) said the delivery of social services will be severely affected in the cityhood conversion of 16 towns. According to the said article with the rising of cities and progressing municipalities affects the IRA of the existing 122 cities. A total amount of 3.7 million will be slashed from the internal revenue allotment (IRA) of the existing 122 countries. Further mentioned by Alaminos Mayor Hernani Braganza, secretary general of the LCP said all cities suffered a deduction of P20 million deduction with Puerto Princesa in Palawan suffering the biggest cut at P200 million. The said deduction had cost the loss of jobs of more than 11,000 workers.
With the addition of the article in Manila Bulletin the budget of municipality increases when it becomes a city. They cited Bacoor as an example. Bacoor once only provide Php110 million but now it enjoys PhP320 million. The sudden rise in budget had cause stir in the economic progress of the newly converted city giving rise to public services and also giving economic boost to businesses such as malls. In accordance to this with the study of NAPSIPAG this article in Manila Bulletin could be integrated to it. Those who successfully battle out the sudden changes had improved socially or had moved to the social ladder. With these cityhood could not only affect the localities but also the whole country itself. The bearing would not be only with the localities but also the whole nation itself. Recent studies had also been conducted by this year but these are nothing if we as the citizens were not be able to experience the real feeling of being a city not by just merely imagining it through researches.
Chapter III- Methodology Research Design This research is carried out by collecting research information on the possibility of Boac to become a city. This is a type of Descriptive research which aims to know the effect of cityhood to the lives of people and how qualified Boac is to become a city. The information collected will be used to know the probability of Boac to become a city. Upon receiving the desired amount of information to be used on the research then the time will come for the Round Table Discussion. Research Instrument
In conducting the research archives and stored information via flash drive were used as collected data. Mainly all the collected data were from the Local Government Office or the Mayor’s Office. The data were presented via Powerpoint Presentation on a Round Table Discussion. Respondents of the Study The respondents of the study are students of Marinduque State College School Year 2013-2014. Since only School of Arts students were the only one able to attend the Round Table Discussion. It was presumed the respondents of the study were student from the School of Arts and Sciences School Year 2013-2014. A reactor was also present in the name of Mr. Wilfredo Dalugdog.
Statistical Treatment Upon receiving the needed data these were the graphical results Marinduque Income: PhP 97,000,000 (2012 rounded value)
Local Government Code of 1991 Income: PhP 100,000,000 for the last two
And as of second quarter (2013) PhP 58,000,000 consecutive years (rounded value) Population: 52,898 inhabitants
Population: 150,000 inhabitants
Area: 212.72 sq. km.
Area: 100 sq. km.
Table 1: Comparison between Marinduque and the Local Government Code of 1991 (LGUs)
Chapter V- Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation
Summary of findings With the gathered results and graphical presentation we can easily see that the road of Boac in being a city is a stone throw away. With rapid modernization and improvement of the Philippines economically and politically, growth is still expected on the said province. Conclusion Just like what had been said on the results the road of Boac being a city is a stone throw away. It is really expected since Boac has been existing since 1621. Even though challenges maybe faced according to NAGSIPAG with the improvement of the facilities and services comes with great prices. Crimes are expected to be high due to modernization. Congestion may occur due to people wanting to live in a better place. This could be really seen in Manila. Tourists are expected to come more often therefore resulting into overcrowding and touching of the virgin forest of Marinduque. Though a lot of negativities had been seen nevertheless the positive nearly outsource the negative ones. With great price goes with outcomes but it is the people itself would decide the faith of the province. What if the researcher will ask you a question? Are you in favor of the conversion of Boac to a city?
Recommendations The iniative of the government officials are needed to provide the support needed to achieve the desired results. With the benefits given to the LGU’s it is expected that the budget of the town would increase dramatically therefore would sustain economic growth. The said preposition needs a proponent. A proponent who is willing to allocate time and money to the improvement of Boac, that is to the name of our elected Congresswoman Gina O. Reyes. She will be the one to represent the Boac in the conversion in the Congress. The researcher truly believes through iniative of governments the said proposal would be attainable. Although through recall through people votes the localities could actually hasten the results. The collection of signatures could help boost the progress. Nevertheless all of this would be nothing unless the Boac were able to achieved the required amount of income by the Local Government. So it is strongly suggest to patronize products that were made in the town excluding other products outside the town to help achieved the desired results. In the end it is the people whom to choose it’s up to him to stick with the old or start with something new.
Chapter VI – Literature Cited
Literature cited: Books: Local government Code of 1991, Republic Act 7160, Manila, Philippines: Department of the Interior and Local Government, 1992. SLGR Exit Conference 2012, Boac Municipal Hall Boac Profile, Boac Municipal Hall Plans and Programs for 2012, Boac Municipal Hall Internet: http://www.napsipag.org/pdf/PacoyBalais.pdf http://www.philstar.com/nation/664197/city-mayors-fear-ill-effect-latest-cityhood-ruling
Appendices July 29, 2013 Mahal na Mayor Roberto M. Madla:
Magandang araw po sa inyo. Ako po si Renz Marlon D. Macunat mag-aaral mula sa Marinduque State College sa kursong Batsilyer sa Artes Medyor sa Ingles. Nagsasagawa ng pananaliksik tungkol sa posibilidad ng konversyon ng bayan ng Boac sa isang siyudad bilang isa sa rekwarment sa aking kurso. Upang maisagawa ang aking pananaliksik nangangailangan po ako ng mga sumusunod: Kasaysayan o Pinagmulan ng Boac Mga Kultura at Tradisyon Badyet at Kasulukuyang mga Programa Bilang ng populasyon Administrasyon Inprastraktura Inaasahan ko po na maibibigay niyo po ang mga kaukulang datos na makakatulong ng malaki sa aking pananaliksik. Lubos na gumagalang, Renz Marlon D. Macunat
MARINDUQUE PEACE AND ORDER
Chapter I Introduction Background of the Study
Peace is the harmonious interaction of people in a certain place, but peace cannot be existed in this world without its contrary – misdeeds and war. Every year the Philippines experience the problems about the never ending rise in the number of crimes. Even the peaceful and innocent province of Marinduque is no exemption, in every misdeed made, there are responsible for it, not just the suspect or accuse but also in part of victims. This is not a question of where should we put our blames for these issues either who are responsible for these things. Some blamed the Implementers of laws – Government; others would say it is in the people. So the real question is that can we reduce the rate of crime, what could be the best solution to lessen the crime in this lone district and in the whole Philippines as a whole. This study seeks prolong solution for the prolong misdeeds of people. Statement of the problem: This study aim and focus to discover the most effective long-lasting solution to decrease crime in Marinduque and in the country as a whole as well as to stop it. What are the major causes of crime, what kind of crime was usually committed by the citizens of the province and how reliable our government is?
Significance of the study: This is significant not just for the implementer of law - the government but to citizens of the fatherland as a whole - us, for us to know what could be our contribution to stop crime, for them to be aware in frequent cases of misdeeds and also the precautionary for the contingencies of these things, for us to know what are our individual responsibilities for what is happening in this promised land. Scope and limitation: This study focuses on the increasing crime rate in Marinduque. It includes the government, police power and residence of said province.
Chapter II Review of Related Literature The word crime is derived from the latin root cernĹ?, meaning "I decide, I give judgment". Originally the Latin word crÄŤmen meant "charge" or "cry of distress. The Ancient Greek word krima, from which the Latin cognate derives, typically referred to an intellectual mistake or an offense against the community, rather than a private or moral wrong. In 13th century English crime meant "sinfulness", according to etymonline.com. It was probably brought to England as Old French crimne (12th century form of Modern French crime), from Latin crimen (in the genitive case: criminis). In Latin, crimen could have signified any one of the following: "charge, indictment,accusation; crime, fault, offense". His word may derive from the Latin cernere – "to decide, to sift" (see crisis, mapped on Kairos and Chronos). But Ernest Klein (citing Karl Brugmann) rejects this and suggests cri-men, which originally would have meant "cry of distress". Thomas G. Tucker suggests a root in "cry" words and refers to English plaint,plaintiff, and so on. The meaning "offense punishable by law" dates from the late 14th century. The Latin word is glossed in Old English by facen, also "deceit, fraud, treachery, Crime wave first attested in 1893 in American English.
The term crime does not, in modern times, have any simple and universally accepted definition, but one definition is that a crime, also called an offence or a criminal offence, is an act harmful not only to some individual, but also to the community or the state. Such acts are punishable by the law. The idea that acts like murder, rape and theft are prohibited exists all around the world, and probably has universal moral basis. What precisely is a criminal offence is defined by criminal
law of each country. While many have a catalogue of crimes called the criminal code, in some law countries no such a comprehensive statute exists. The state (government) has the power to severely restrict one's liberty for committing a crime. Therefore, in modern societies, a criminal procedure must be adhered to during the investigation and trial. If the offender find guilty he/she can be sentenced for imprisonment. To be classified as a crime, the act of doing something bad (actus reus) must be usually accompanied by the intention to do something bad (mens rea), with certain exceptions (strict liability). While every crime violates the law, not every violation of the law counts as a crime. Breaches of private law (torts and breaches of contract) are not automatically punished by the state, but can be enforced through civil procedure. One can view criminalization as a procedure deployed by society as a pre-emptive, harm-reduction device, using the threat of punishment as a deterrent to anyone proposing to engage in the behavior causing harm. The State becomes involved because governing entities can become convinced that the costs of not criminalizing (through allowing the harms to continue unabated) outweigh the costs of criminalizing it (restricting individual liberty, for example, to minimize harm to others). Criminalization may provide future harm-reduction at least to the outside population, assuming those shamed or incarcerated or otherwise restrained for committing crimes start out more prone to criminal behavior. Likewise, one might assume that criminalize acts that in themselves do not harm other people ("victimless crimes") may prevent subsequent harmful acts (assuming that people "prone" to commit these acts may tend to commit harmful actions in general). Some see the criminalization of "victimless crimes" as a pretext for imposing personal, religious or moral convictions on otherwise productive citizens or taxpayers. Some commentators may see criminalization as a way to make potential criminals pay or suffer for their prospective crimes. In this case, criminalization becomes a way to set the price that one must
pay to society for certain actions considered detrimental to society as a whole. An extreme view might see criminalization as State-sanctioned revenge. States control the process of criminalization because:
Even if victims recognize their own role as victims, they may not have the resources to investigate and seek legal redress for the injuries suffered: the enforcers formally appointed by the State often have better access to expertise and resources.
The victims may only want compensation for the injuries suffered, while remaining indifferent to a possible desire for deterrence.
Fear of retaliation may deter victims or witnesses of crimes from taking any action. Even in policed societies, fear may inhibit from reporting incidents or from co-operating in a trial.
Victims, on their own, may lack the economies of scale that could allow them to administer a penal system, let alone to collect any fines levied by a court. Garoupa & Klerman (2002) warn that a rent-seeking government has as its primary motivation to maximize revenue and so, if offenders have sufficient wealth, a rent-seeking government will act more aggressively than a social-maximizing government in enforcing laws against minor crimes (usually with a fixed penalty such as parking and routine traffic violations), but more laxly in enforcing laws against major crimes.
As a result of the crime, victims may die or become incapacitated.
Top 10 Factors Identified as Contributing to Violent Crime. 1. Gangs 82 % 2. Juveniles / youth crime 80 % 3. Economy / poverty / unemployment 74 % 4. Impulsive violence / disrespect issues 74 % 5. Release of offenders from correctional institutions 69 % 6. Drugs-Cocaine 67 % 7. Poor parenting 63 % 8. Increased availability of guns 55 % 9. Reduced cooperation from witnesses / victims (not in top 10 last year) 37 % 10. Educational system-increasing dropout rates (not in top 10 last year) 36 %
Chapter III- Methodology Research Design This research is carried out by collecting research information about frequently crime that may occur in the province of Marinduque. This is a type of Descriptive research which aims to know the recent crime rate, prolong solutions of individual may contribute in the society in preventing crime. The collected data will be used to determine the crime rate setting in Marinduque. Upon receiving the desired amount of information to be used on the research then the time will come for the Round Table Discussion.
Research Instrument In conducting the research archives and stored information via flash drive were used as collected data. Mainly all the collected data were from the Local Police Department and PNP Official website of Marinduque. The data were presented via Powerpoint Presentation on a Round Table Discussion. Respondents of the Study The respondents of the study are students of Marinduque State College School Year 2013-2014. Since only School of Arts students were the only one able to attend the Round Table Discussion. It was presumed the respondents of the study were student from the School of Arts and Sciences School Year 2013-2014. A reactor was also present in the name of Mr. Wilfredo Dalugdog (Research and Extension Coordinator, School of Criminal Justice Education).
Statistical Treatment
Table1. Crime Volume and Crime Rate by Type of Crime: 2000 to 2008 2000
Type of
2001
2002
2003
2004
Crime
Volume
Rate
Volume
Rate
Volume
Rate
Volume
Rate
Volume
Rate
Total
116
4.44
85
3.25
128
4.89
140
5.77
177
6.77
39
1.49
50
1.91
71
2.71
81
3.1
117
4.47
Murder
2
0.08
5
0.19
6
0.23
5
0.19
10
0.38
Homicide
9
0.34
8
0.31
11
0.42
15
0.57
11
0.42
8
0.31
20
0.76
32
1.22
35
1.34
60
2.29
Robbery
14
0.54
6
0.23
9
0.34
10
0.38
10
0.38
Theft
6
0.23
6
0.23
6
0.23
9
0.34
17
0.65
Rape
0
0.00
5
0.19
7
0.27
7
0.27
9
0.34
77
2.94
35
1.34
57
2.18
59
2.26
60
2.29
Index crimes
Physical Injury
Non-Index crimes
2005
2006
2007
2008
Type of Crime Volume
Rate
Volume
Rate
Volume
Rate
Volume
Rate
Total
172
6.5
152
5.81
140
5.08
201
7.29
Index crimes
93
3.56
82
3.14
64
2.32
96
3.48
2
0.08
1
0.04
5
0.18
4
0.15
Murder
Homicide
10
0.38
8
0.31
6
0.22
10
0.36
Physical Injury
43
1.64
44
1.68
25
0.91
40
1.45
Robbery
14
0.54
11
0.42
13
0.47
22
0.8
Theft
14
0.54
11
0.42
8
0.29
9
0.33
Rape
10
0.38
7
0.27
7
0.25
11
0.4
79
3.02
70
2.68
76
2.76
105
3.81
Non-Index crimes
Chapter IV Result and Discussion Based on the crime volume that is reported in 2008 totaled 96 which had been increased by 43.57 percent compared to 140 reported crimes in 2007. Most of the committed crimes were index crimes which include physical injury, robbery, and other cases comprising 47.76 percent of the total; and remaining 52.24 percent were non- index crimes. The following is the solutions to lessen the crime; Intervention programs, providing stiff penalties, infiltration, community awareness, and avenues of communications. We cannot put our deepest blames in our government nor to the people, because everyone has its part in any crime committed, either in the side of the suspects or in side of the victims.
Chapter V Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation Conclusion The researchers come up with that crime exists everywhere. There is no place that has no crime even a single misdeed of a person is considered as crime. People cannot blame the government and their social statuses when they committed crime. And therefore if there are crimes we can never achieve our peace. For further studies they can focus in dealing with the possible programs that can decrease the rate of crime and to achieve peace and order. Summary The study is Marinduque peace and order containing the data about crime rate in the past 2000 – 2008, the individual and group contributions in voiding the occurrence of crimes, as well as the discovery of the most effective and long-lasting solution to decrease crime in Marinduque and in the country as a whole as well as to stop it. Recommendation The implementation of curfew, surveillance to fraternity prone areas, organizing of seminars promoting safety house rule and harmonious relationship and enforcing of police – community communications should be implemented in preventing crimes.
Chapter VI Literature cited: Books: Philippine National Police, Region IV-B Internet: http://nso-r4b.webs.com/provincial%20profile/Marinduque/mar_c5_table1.html http://www.crimeinamerica.net/2011/02/22/top-10-factors-contributing-to-violent-crime/ http://rdcmimaropa.gov.ph/marinduque/ Source: http://www.policeforum.org/library/critical-issues-in-policingseries/VCrime&EconomyI.pdf
Appendices Round Table Discussion
Giving of Certificate of Appreciation to Mr. Randy T. Nobleza (Instructor I)
Giving of Certificate of Appreciation to Mr. Wilfredo Dalugdog (Research and Extension Coordinator of SCJE)
Mr. Genesis Roy Historillo & Mr. Renz Marlon Macunat discussed about “Boac as A Rising City & Marinduque Peace and Order”
Participants (AB – English II) listening to the discussion.
Mr. Wilfredo Dalugdog shared his insights about the topic.