生物科學文獻閱讀入門20160922課程投影片

A GUIDE TO READING BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES SHEN-HORN YEN DIFENG CHUEH CHIH-YING LIN

9/22

Dealing with

vocabulary learning problems

in BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES

顏聖紘 (生物科學系)：龜毛 闕帝丰 (外文系)：人好 林芷瑩 (中文系)：熱心

祝願以三娘教子的力量拯救各位的閱讀能力

檢討上週測驗 字彙學習問題

題目：The classic vision of the scientific method is that observations lead to hypotheses that in turn make experimentally testable predictions. In this way, we dispassionately evaluate new ideas to arrive at an increasingly accurate view of nature. We discuss this way of doing science later in this section but it is important to understand that much of science is purely descriptive.

題目：The classic vision of the scientific method is that observations lead to hypotheses that in turn make experimentally testable predictions. In this way, we dispassionately evaluate new ideas to arrive at an increasingly accurate view of nature. We discuss this way of doing science later in this section but it is important to understand that much of science is purely descriptive.

題目：The classic vision of the scientific method is that observations lead to hypotheses that in turn make experimentally testable predictions. In this way, we dispassionately evaluate new ideas to arrive at an increasingly accurate view of nature. We discuss this way of doing science later in this section but it is important to understand that much of science is purely descriptive.

古典？經典？傳統？

題目：The classic vision of the scientific method is that observations lead to hypotheses that in turn make experimentally testable predictions. In this way, we dispassionately evaluate new ideas to arrive at an increasingly accurate view of nature. We discuss this way of doing science later in this section but it is important to understand that much of science is purely descriptive.

視野？視角？遠見？見解？

題目：The classic vision of the scientific method is that observations lead to hypotheses that in turn make experimentally testable predictions. In this way, we dispassionately evaluate new ideas to arrive at an increasingly accurate view of nature. We discuss this way of doing science later in this section but it is important to understand that much of science is purely descriptive.

造成？引領？導致？領導？

題目：The classic vision of the scientific method is that observations lead to hypotheses that in turn make experimentally testable predictions. In this way, we dispassionately evaluate new ideas to arrive at an increasingly accurate view of nature. We discuss this way of doing science later in this section but it is important to understand that much of science is purely descriptive.

相反？反推？因為？由於？

題目：The classic vision of the scientific method is that observations lead to hypotheses that in turn make experimentally testable predictions. In this way, we dispassionately evaluate new ideas to arrive at an increasingly accurate view of nature. We discuss this way of doing science later in this section but it is important to understand that much of science is purely descriptive.

複詞接形容詞接名詞怎麼譯？

題目：The classic vision of the scientific method is that observations lead to hypotheses that in turn make experimentally testable predictions. In this way, we dispassionately evaluate new ideas to arrive at an increasingly accurate view of nature. We discuss this way of doing science later in this section but it is important to understand that much of science is purely descriptive.

客觀？不熱情？冷靜？理性？平 實？沉著？

題目：The classic vision of the scientific method is that observations lead to hypotheses that in turn make experimentally testable predictions. In this way, we dispassionately evaluate new ideas to arrive at an increasingly accurate view of nature. We discuss this way of doing science later in this section but it is important to understand that much of science is purely descriptive.

自然的精確觀點？事物的本質？

題目：The classic vision of the scientific method is that observations lead to hypotheses that in turn make experimentally testable predictions. In this way, we dispassionately evaluate new ideas to arrive at an increasingly accurate view of nature. We discuss this way of doing science later in this section but it is important to understand that much of science is purely descriptive.

做科學？進行科學研究？

題目：The classic vision of the scientific method is that observations lead to hypotheses that in turn make experimentally testable predictions. In this way, we dispassionately evaluate new ideas to arrive at an increasingly accurate view of nature. We discuss this way of doing science later in this section but it is important to understand that much of science is purely descriptive.

科學只是純粹的描述？描述科學 很重要？

題目：The classic vision of the scientific method is that observations lead to hypotheses that in turn make experimentally testable predictions. In this way, we dispassionately evaluate new ideas to arrive at an increasingly accurate view of nature. We discuss this way of doing science later in this section but it is important to understand that much of science is purely descriptive.

語感是什麼？

中文問題 – 冒號： 科學方法的傳統觀念為觀察進而產生假說:作出具實驗 性且可測試的預測。 典型的科學方法是：基於觀察產生假說，並藉此反推 實驗上可驗證的預期結果。

中文問題 – 「該」： 科學方法的經典視角是以觀察來 導致假說,並且該假說能產生可實驗和可檢視的預測。 冒號：

中文問題 –什麼時候用「到」： 起到一個監督的作用

意識到大事不好了

中文問題 –but it is important to understand that much of science is purely descriptive 重要的是理解到「多數科學屬於單純對事實的描述」 重要的是「理解多數科學屬於單純對事實的描述」

最佳譯文：The classic vision of the scientific method is that observations lead to hypotheses that in turn make experimentally testable predictions. In this way, we dispassionately evaluate new ideas to arrive at an increasingly accurate view of nature. We discuss this way of doing science later in this section but it is important to understand that much of science is purely descriptive. 典型的科學方法是基於觀察產生假說，並藉此反推實驗上可 驗證的預期結果。而藉由這個方法，吾人得以客觀地對大自 然提出日益精確的新觀點。我們於本章節稍後會討論從事科 學相關領域時如何運用此方法，但重要的是理解到多數科學 屬於單純對事實的描述。

如何拆解字首字尾？ 生物科學常見的字根字首有那些？ 如何查字典？是查翻譯還是查用法？

如何拆解字首字尾？依音節準嗎？還是要背下字首與字尾？

生物科學常遇到的字首字尾有多少？(很多) Latin

Greek

1

Uni-

Mono-

2

Bi-

Di-

3

Tri-

Tria-

4

Qauadri-

Tetra-

5

Quinque-

Pente-

6

Sexa-

Hex-

7

Septem-

Hepta-

8

Octo-

Octo-

9

Novem-

Ennea-

10

Decem-

Deca-

生物科學常遇到的字首字尾有多少？(很多)

生物科學常遇到的字首字尾有多少？(很多) acanth- or acantho- [Greek akantha thorn] Thorn, spine, any sharp process (acanthoid).

acar- or acari- or acario- or acaro- [Greek akari mite] Denotes ticks or mites (acarine, acarology). accipitr- [Latin accipiter hawk] Denotes a bird of prey, usually goshawks or sparrowhawks (accipitral). acet- or aceto- or acetyl- [Latin acetum vinegar, sour wine] Vinegar, acid, acetic, acetyl (acetamide). aci- Indicates the acid of a tautomeric compound.

acicul- [Latin acicula small pin] Needle, needlelike (aciculate). acipenser- [Latin acipenser sturgeon] Denotes sturgeon (Acipenseriformes).

如何有效查字典？

是否需要逐字翻譯？ 代名詞和先行詞要不要翻出來？ 是否需要把弦外之音或作者漏掉的資訊補上？ 知識背景很重要 沒有可對應的簡潔中文怎麼辦？ 中英文的斷句與標點符號使用的差異

學習拆解一般字彙、一般科學字彙，與生物科學專業字彙的 字根與字首 請把所有指定單字的字根與字首拆解，確認其語源 (etymology)，並進一步找出另外三個使用同樣字根與字首 的單字與意義。 例如： biology, 的字首是bio-, 字根是-ology, 由bio-為字首的三個 單字有biotechnology, biosynthesis, biotoxicity。具有ology的三個單字有zoology, ichthyology, herpetology

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