Chan Pik Kwan Jenny (1155167447) School of Architecture THE CHINESE UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG
The Shoreline. Architectural Project Book 2021/22 Sem 2
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: RESEARCH BACKGROUND >>
Over-provision of Secondary School and Insufficient Number of Students
Due to the continuous decline in birth rate, immigration waves and the cross-boundary students (CBS) have been unable to cross the boundary from the Mainland China to attend schools in Hong Kong, the number of students has continue to drop in the recent years.
The Education Bureau predicted that the number of 12 years-old will drop from 69600 in 2021 to 60100 in 2029. Under this unfavorable condition, the Education Bureau has decided to reduce the number of classes, lowering the minimum number of students per class, amalgamate schools or to shut down some of the school due to the insufficient number of students.
According to the survey conducted by HKAHSS and Hong Kong Centre for International Student Assessment (HKCISA), there are 4460 students who dropped out earlier from school and about 2650 students who left Hong Kong to study abroad in 2020/21, the number has increased for 65% and 96% respectively in compared to the number in 2019/20.
Nevertheless, there are few band 1 secondary schools that have a student loss of over 100 people in a year. For instance, Good Hope School (德望學校), St. Joseph’s College (聖約瑟書院) and St. Paul’s Co-educational College (聖保羅男女中學) has a student loss of 165, 123 and 114 people respectively in 2020/21 that the quitting rate has hit over 10% of the school population.
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2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 320 000 340 000 360 000 380 000 400 000 420 000 440 000 460 000 480 000 500 000 520 000 540 000 0 School Accommodation Student Enrolment Accommodations Student Enrolments 2018/19 2019/20 2020/21 Number of Students Dropout Number of Student who left HK Number of Resigned Teacher ~2700 ~2700 4460 907 1348 2643 517 498 987 Comparison +65% +96% +98% Poulation Poulation 24933 20380 Number of Student who Dropout from School and the Number of Teacher Resignation in 2020/21 *According to the “Student Enrolment Statistics 2020/21” by Education Bureau & Survey “學生退學及教師離職問卷調查” by HKAHSS and HKCISA established in July 2021 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 320 000 340 000 360 000 380 000 400 000 420 000 440 000 460 000 480 000 500 000 520 000 540 000 0 6250 12500 1875 25000 School Accommodation Student Enrolment Accommodations Student Enrolments 2018/19 2019/20 2020/21 Number of Students Dropout Number of Student who left HK ~2700 ~2700 4460 907 1348 2643 Comparison +65% +96% 0-4 Age 3.3 % of Total Population 5-9 4.0 10-14 4.2 15-19 3.5 20-24 4.7 25-29 6.3 Relative Population in Siu Sai Wan 1454 1762 1851 2264 3040 4075 24933 20380 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 320 000 340 000 360 000 380 000 400 000 420 000 440 000 460 000 480 000 500 000 520 000 540 000 0 6250 12500 1875 School Accommodation Student Enrolment Accommodations Student Enrolments 2018/19 2019/20 2020/21 Number of Students Dropout Number of Student who left HK Number of Resigned Teacher ~2700 ~2700 4460 907 1348 2643 517 498 987 Comparison +65% +96% +98% 0-4 Age 3.3 % of Total Population 5-9 4.0 10-14 4.2 15-19 3.5 20-24 4.7 25-29 6.3 30-34 7.2 35-39 8.0 Poulation of People Age between 0-14: 5067 Poulation of People Age between 15-39: 19211 Relative Population in Siu Sai Wan 1454 1762 1851 2264 3040 4075 4657 5175 24933 20380 Differences between Secondary School Accommodation and Student Enrolments in 2010-2020 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 320 000 340 000 360 000 380 000 400 000 420 000 440 000 460 000 480 000 500 000 520 000 540 000 0 6250 12500 1875 25000 School Accommodation Student Enrolment Accommodations Student Enrolments 2018/19 2019/20 2020/21 Number of Students Dropout Number of Student who left HK Number of Resigned Teacher ~2700 ~2700 4460 907 1348 2643 517 498 987 Comparison +65% +96% +98% 0-4 Age 3.3 % of Total Population 5-9 4.0 10-14 4.2 15-19 3.5 20-24 4.7 25-29 6.3 30-34 7.2 35-39 8.0 Poulation of People Age between 0-14: 5067 Poulation of People Age between 15-39: 19211 Relative Population in Siu Sai Wan 1454 1762 1851 2264 3040 4075 4657 5175 24933 20380 :
BACKGROUND STUDY
Surplus Secondary School Accommodation
With reference to the Student Enrolment Statistics 2020/21 by the Education Bureau’s School Education Statistics Section, there are 47350 surplus secondary school accommodations in Hong Kong. The trend of accommodations has a steady decrease over the decades but the discrepancies between the accommodations and enrolments remain in a huge gap. The total surplus accommodation number raised from 45220 in 2016 to 47351 in 2020 for secondary schools. In Hong Kong, there are 54050 Form 1 accommodations but there are only 50700 primary school 6 students. In another words, there will be 3350 extra Form 1 accommodations in the coming year.
Among all region in Hong Kong, the Eastern district is one of the most severe districts with a total of 4553 surplus secondary school accommodation in 2020/21. Meanwhile, the Education Bureau estimated that the Eastern District will have 450 extra seats in the Form 1 classes in the year of 2022/23.
*According to the “Student Enrolment Statistics 2020/21” by Education Bureau established in July 2021
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2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 320 000 340 000 360 000 380 000 400 000 420 000 440 000 460 000 480 000 500 000 520 000 540 000 0 6250 12500 1875 25000 School Accommodation Student Enrolment Accommodations Student Enrolments 2018/19 2019/20 2020/21 Number of Students Dropout Number of Student who left HK Number of Resigned Teacher ~2700 ~2700 4460 907 1348 2643 517 498 987 Comparison +65% +96% +98% 0-4 Age 3.3 % of Total Population 5-9 4.0 10-14 4.2 15-19 3.5 20-24 4.7 25-29 6.3 30-34 7.2 35-39 8.0 Relative Population in Siu Sai Wan 1454 1762 1851 2264 3040 4075 4657 5175 24933 20380 Number of Secondary School Accommodation and Student Enrolments in Eastern District 2020/21 Hong Kong Island Eastern 7 Wan Chai 1 Yau Tsim Mong 1 Wong Tai Sin 2 Kwun Tong 3 Kowloon Yuen Long 13 Tai Po 4 Sha Tin 7 New Territories Total: 38 Eastern 550 Southern 450 Wan Chai 400 Central and Western 0 Total 1400 Hong Kong Island Kowloon City Wong Tai Sin Yau Tsim Mong Kwun Tong Kowloon Sham Shui Po 400 0 (50) (50) Total 850 550 Kwai Tsing Tuen Mun Sai Kung Tsuen Wan New Territories Tai Po 450 350 150 100 450 Sha Tin Northern Yuen Long Island (50) (100) (150) (100) Total 1100 Hong Kong Total: 3350 Surplus Accommodations Number of Secondary School Class Reduction 2021/22
Reduction of Secondary School Class in Hong Kong
According to the “Secondary School Profiles 2021/22”, the total number of Form 1 classes has reduced for 38 classes in the year of 2021/22 where the Eastern District is one of the most catastrophic districts with 7 schools that had reduced their Form 1 class due to the insufficient number of student enrolments.
It was mentioned that the Caritas Chai Wan Marden Foundation Secondary School (明愛柴灣馬登基金中學) and Man Kiu College (閩僑中學) only have one Form 1 class, while the CCC Kwei Wah Shan College (中華基督教會桂華山中學) has two in this academic year due to the low enrolment rate. If the situation continues to worsen in the coming few years, the schools might need to shut down or to be combine with the other schools.
Total Number of Class Reduction: 38
Number of Secondary School Classes Reduction in Hong Kong 2021/22
*According to the “Secondary School Profiles 2021/22” established in 2021
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Hong Kong Island Eastern 7 Wan Chai 1 Yau Tsim Mong 1 Wong Tai Sin 2 Kwun Tong 3 Kowloon Yuen Long 13 Tai Po 4 Sha Tin 7 New Territories
Total: 38
Hong Kong Island Eastern 7 Wan Chai 1 Yau Tsim Mong 1 Wong Tai Sin 2 Kwun Tong 3 Kowloon Yuen Long 13 Tai Po 4 Sha Tin 7 New Territories Total:
Kwai Tsing Tuen Mun Sai Kung Tsuen Wan New Territories Tai Po 450 350 150 100 450 Sha Tin Northern Yuen Long Island (50) (100) (150) (100) Total 1100 Hong Kong Total: 3350 Surplus Accommodations
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*Population Percentage Referring to the “Table 1A: Population by Sex and Age Group” by Census and Statistics Department established in August 2021
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History and Development of Siu Sai Wan
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School Types and Development of Siu Sai Wan
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: DESIGN IDEAS AND CONCEPT
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: DESIGN CONCEPT AND IDEOLOGY
Shoreline of Siu Sai Wan
The design concept is inspired by the shoreline of Siu Sai Wan and it aims to integrate the shoreline with the building. Siu Sai Wan is a reclaimed land and it was a small cove by the east of Chai Wan in the past.
After the World War II, the colonial government launched its reclamation project in the three ‘Bays’ (灣) in Hong Kong Island in between 1950 to 1965, including Causeway Bay (銅鑼灣), Chai Wan (柴灣) and Siu Sai Wan (小西灣). The reclaimed part in Siu Sai Wan has turned into a residential zone as to cope with the growing population after war. After the vanishing of the shoreline, the place became a typical residential district that is similar to other districts in Hong Kong.
Therefore, the school aim to bring the shoreline back to the city, to revive the feeling in the past for the collect memory of the older generation, and to educate the new generation about the history of Siu Sai Wan through the building itself.
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Existing Shoreline of Siu Sai Wan before Reclamation
School Reform in Hong Kong
With reference to the Danish School Reform in 2013, research denoted that the best learning outcomes are to accomplish through movement and sensation. Therefore, the school are required to include a 45 minutes physical activity time in their timetable for students to stretch their body and to refresh their mind. As a primary age student’s attention span usually drops after 30 minutes of lessoning, it is suggested by the pediatricians that there should be a 15 minutes break in between an hour of class that could improve student’s concentration level and boosting their brain power.
In order to transform a conventional school design into a place that encourage mobility of students, the school will carry the philosophy and schooling method by offering wide range of creative learning classrooms in the new structure in the front. The school can be transformed in few ways, including the schooling method, function and facilities and daily schedule.
For most of the conventional schools, students usually spend their leisure time in the narrow corridor outside the classrooms, but now the new structure will be a place for students to learn and play at the same time. While the ratio for the classrooms to the creative learning and play area would become 50:50 and a 15 minutes break is given in between class that increase the leisure time from 1.5 hours to 2.5 hours per day. These changes could turn the school into a playful area instead of a place that only focus in teaching.
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School Layout
Function and Facilities
Daily Schedule
Before Implementation of Break Time
After Implementation of Break Time
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Layout of the Existing School
Layout of the New School
Provision in the Existing School
Provision in the New School
: MASSING DEVELOPMENT
In order to promote sustainability in Hong Kong, the new school will preserve and reuse the existing study block for normal classrooms while removing the assembly hall and functional room block in the front as they are mainly used for the secondary school syllabus. At the same time, a new layer of space is added in front of the study block as a return for creative learning and active playing that introduce a new way of teaching to the students.
In the new structure, the outline of it will be replicating the pattern of the shoreline of Siu Sai Wan as to evoke the same feeling as the past and to recall people’s memory of how it looks before reclamation. Whereas the existing and the new blocks are connected by an island stair system in the middle that allow students to circulate between the two blocks and levels. The stair system can be separated into two parts on the two edges of the building for easy access.
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Removing the Hall and Functional Block from the Existing School
Preserve and Re-use the Study Block for Normal Classrooms
Add a New Layer of Space for Creative Learning and Play in the Front
Replicating the Shoreline of Siu Sai Wan as the Outline of the New Structure
Forming a Connection between the Existing and the New Structure
An Island Stair System to Connect Both Structure on Two Ends
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: PROGRAM ALLOCATION
Program Allocation in the School
In the new school, the existing block at the back will be remain as a place for normal classrooms, while the shoreline building in the front will be used for creative learning classrooms and active playing area. These programs in the front are arranged at different location for students to move around, that includes the art room, music room, library, teacher’s lounge and the new school hall at ground level. The hall can be used for school events, and it can be a place for communal activities during weekend.
Normally the school only function for about 8 to 10 months a year, so there is a possibility in lending the school hall to some local authorities for communal events during the nonschool days. It can encourage community involvement to the school yet strengthening their sense of belonging to the neighborhood.
These creative learning classrooms and active playing area in the new blocks are connected to each other through playful circulations, so students can travel between space in a fun and interesting way.
Distribution of Programs between the Existing and New Structure
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Allocate Programs at Different Location to give a Theme to Each Level Programs are Interconnect to Each Other through Playful Circulations Introduce Creative Learning Programs in the New Structure
3 Ways of Circulations
There are three ways of circulation found in the building, that includes the fire stairs in the main study block, the stair system in the middle and the playful circulation in the new structure.
In the existing block, it will remain the existing layout of the school that the fire escape stair is located on the two edges of the main study block, so the students can use it when they enter and leave the school. There will be a stair system in the middle that can connect the existing and the new structure in the front, and the spiral stairs can bring students from ground level to the top. While in the new structure, students can use the playful circulations to travel between floors that consists of the bouldering wall, climbing wall, climbers, slides, etc. These playful circulations are located at different location and floors as to encourage students’ mobility and they can use it to travel between classrooms during break time.
Circulations for Different Occassions and Functions
Types of Playful Circulations
Vertically:
Horizontally:
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Bouldering Wall Climbing Mesh and Handle Petal Climbers Indoor Slide and Climb
Mesh Bridge
: OVERVIEW OF THE SCHOOL
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19 FULLVIEW GARDEN KAI TSUI COURT SIU SAI WAN ESTATE CHEERFUL GARDEN HARMONY GARDEN ISLAND RESORT LINGNAN SECONDARY SCHOOL FUKIEN SECONDARY SCHOOL HON WAH COLLEGE PUI KIU PRIMARY SCHOOL CHINESE FOUNDATION SECONDARY SCHOOL SIU SAI WAN SPORTS CENTRE 0 20 40 10 80M Scale 1:2500 0 20 40 10 80M
Plan of Siu Sai Wan
Site
: SITE PLAN
Formation of the Site
The site situated at the corner of Siu Sai Wan Road, that the district is filled by towers of residential buildings and schools. As Siu Sai Wan was a cove before, so the built area is like a concave zone that is surrounded by mountain. The high-rise residential buildings range from public housing estates, buildings under the home ownership scheme (HOS) to private housing. At the back and on the right-hand side of the site will be other secondary schools and the primary school in the neighborhood.
Across the road, there is a children’s playground and a football court in the opposite to the site, where the school can bring the students to the playground or the court in the front for outdoor lessons, to participate in communal activities or to use it as a venue for competition with the schools nearby.
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: DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL
Site Information
Site Location: 33 Siu Sai Wan Road, Hong Kong
Site Area: 6,800 sq.m.
Building Type: School (G/IC land)
Class of Site: Class B
Floor Area Ratio (FAR): 0.568
Site Coverage: 34.779%
Total GFA: 3,865 sq.m.
Classrooms: 2,280 sq.m.
Art Room: 85 sq.m.
Music Room: 95 sq.m.
Library: 140 sq.m.
Hall: 240 sq.m.
Building Height: 24m
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0 20 40M 10 0 20 40M 10 0 20 40M 10 Scale 1:1000
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Bird View of Siu Sai Wan
LEGEND
23 GROUND FLOOR PLAN 7 8 5 11 B B 1 2 3 4 1 1 1 9 9 10 12 13 A A 15 15 6 14 0 20M 5 Scale 1:300 16 LIBRARY 17 MUSIC ROOM 18 MESH BRIDGE 19 SLOPY FLOOR & CLIMB 20 FUNCTIONAL SPACE 21 ART ROOM 22 CLIMBING WALL (HANDLE & MESH) 23 PETAL CLIMBERS 24 SKYLIGHT 25 ROOF GARDEN 26 STORE 27 TEACHER'S LOUNGE 28 STAFF ROOM 29 PRINCIPAL OFFICE 30 PANTRY 31 PRINTING ROOM/ STORE 1 CLASSROOM 2 GENERAL OFFICE 3 MEDICAL ROOM 4 E&M 5 ASSEMBLY HALL 6 BOULDERING WALL 7 INDOOR CANTEEN 8 OUTDOOR EATING AREA 9 SPORTS FACILITIES STORAGE 10 GUARD HOUSE 11 BASKETBALL COURT 12 BADMINTON COURT 13 PLAYGROUND 14 SAND GAME 15 WATER FEATURE GROUND FLOOR PLAN Scale 1:600
1 CLASSROOM 2 GENERAL OFFICE 3 MEDICAL ROOM 4 E&M 5 ASSEMBLY HALL 6 BOULDERING WALL 7 INDOOR CANTEEN 8 OUTDOOR DINING AREA 9 SPORTS FACILITIES STORAGE 10 GUARD HOUSE 11 BASKETBALL COURT 12 BADMINTON COURT 13 PLAYGROUND 14 SAND GAME 15 WATER FEATURE
24 The Shoreline 2021/22 FIRST FLOOR PLAN 5 16 A A 28 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 18 B 21 SECOND FLOOR PLAN 20 17 16 19 1 28 4 1 1 1 1 A A 1 B B THIRD FLOOR PLAN 23 25 24 17 1 28 4 1 1 1 1 1 22 A A 21 B B 23 25 29 FOURTH FLOOR PLAN 1 28 4 1 1 1 1 1 A A 21 B B 28 4 33 30 31 32 A 27 4 4 A B 21 20 FIRST FLOOR PLAN SECOND FLOOR PLAN FIRST FLOOR PLAN 5 16 A A 28 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 18 B 21 SECOND FLOOR PLAN 20 17 16 19 1 28 4 1 1 1 1 A A 1 B B THIRD FLOOR PLAN 23 25 24 17 1 28 4 1 1 1 1 1 22 A A 21 B B 23 25 29 FOURTH FLOOR PLAN 1 28 4 1 1 1 1 1 A A 21 B B 28 4 33 30 31 32 A 27 4 4 A B 21 20 THIRD FLOOR PLAN FOURTH FLOOR PLAN
LEGEND
25 THIRD FLOOR PLAN 23 25 24 17 22 A B B 23 25 29 FOURTH FLOOR PLAN A B B FIFTH FLOOR PLAN 27 26 27 28 4 33 30 31 32 A B B A ROOF PLAN A 27 4 4 B B A 0 20M 5 Scale 1:250 20 FIFTH FLOOR PLAN ROOF PLAN SECOND FLOOR PLAN 29 FOURTH FLOOR PLAN 28 1 1 1 1 21 B ROOF PLAN 4 4 B 0 20M 5 Scale 1:250 Scale 1:500
1 CLASSROOM 2 GENERAL OFFICE 3 MEDICAL ROOM 4 E&M 5 ASSEMBLY HALL 6 BOULDERING WALL 7 INDOOR CANTEEN 8 OUTDOOR DINING AREA 9 SPORTS FACILITIES STORAGE 10 GUARD HOUSE 11 BASKETBALL COURT 12 BADMINTON COURT 13 PLAYGROUND 14 SAND GAME 15 WATER FEATURE 16 LIBRARY 17 MUSIC ROOM 18 MESH BRIDGE 19 SLOPY FLOOR 20 SLOPE & SLIDE 21 MULTI-FUNCTIONAL ROOM 22 SUNKEN FUNCTIONAL SPACE 23 ART ROOM 24 CLIMBING WALL (HANDLE & MESH) 25 PETAL CLIMBERS 26 SKYLIGHT 27 ROOF GARDEN 28 STORAGE 29 TEACHER’S LOUNGE 30 STAFF ROOM 31 PRINCIPAL’S OFFICE 32 PANTRY 33 PRINTING ROOM & LOCKER 29 FOURTH FLOOR PLAN 28 1 1 1 21 B ROOF PLAN 4 4 B 0 20M 5 Scale 1:250
26 The Shoreline 2021/22 SECTION B-B 5 7 16 23 17 30 1 1 21 1 1 SECTION A-A 5250 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 22 GF 1F 2F 3F 4F 5F RF GF 1F 2F 3F 4F 5F RF 25.950 22.200 18.450 10.950 5.700 29.700 25.950 22.200 18.450 10.950 5.700 29.700 LEGEND 1 CLASSROOM 5 ASSEMBLY HALL 7 INDOOR CANTEEN 16 LIBRARY 17 MUSIC ROOM SECTION A-A 21 MULTI-FUNCTIONAL ROOM 22 SUNKEN FUNCTIONAL SPACE 23 ART ROOM 30 STAFF ROOM SECTION B-BSECTION B-B 5 7 16 23 17 30 1 1 21 1 1 SECTION A-A 22 GF 1F 2F 3F 4F 5F RF 5250 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 GF 1F 2F 3F 4F 5F RF 25.950 22.200 18.450 10.950 5.700 29.700 25.950 22.200 18.450 10.950 5.700 29.700 SECOND FLOOR PLAN 29 FOURTH FLOOR PLAN 28 1 1 21 B ROOF PLAN 4 4 B 0 20M 5 Scale 1:250 Scale 1:500
WEST ELEVATION
NORTH ELEVATION
EAST ELEVATION
SOUTH ELEVATION
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: TECHNICAL DRAWINGS >>
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The Art Room
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: DETAIL SECTION
The Art Room
The art room is one of the creative learning classrooms in the new structure in the front, where the entrance is located at the third floor. It is a double height space with a north facing skylight on the ceiling. The skylight allows daylight to penetrate in throughout the day that minimize the use of artificial lights in the room. Whereas the tilted surface of the skylight can be utilized as a climbing area for the students.
The wall of the art room is thickened as to conceal the thick beam, while keeping the wall surface clean. The area above and below the beam can be used as a built-in shelf. The shelf could be a storage area for those art materials and a place to display students’ artwork. Also, there would be a white board on one side of the wall for teachers to jot down some notes or key findings for the class.
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REINFORCED CONCRETE SLAB
500X650mm THK. REINFORCED
BEAM
300X650mm THK. REINFORCED
REINFORCED CONCRETE SLAB
PARAPET WALL
500X650mm THK. REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAM
REINFORCED CONCRETE SLAB
500x650mm THK. REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAM
300X650mm THK. REINFORCED CONCRETE EDGE BEAM
CONCRETE PARAPET WALL
300x650mm THK. REINFORCED CONCRETE EDGE BEAM
CONCRETE PARAPET WALL
ACRYLIC FLOOR FINISHES
ACRYLIC FLOOR FINISHES
EPOXY TERRAZZO FLOOR FINISHES
EPOXY TERRAZZO FLOOR FINISHES
SLATTED TIMBER CEILING
SLATTED TIMBER CEILING
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0 Scale 1:250 1 2 4M 1
2
3
CONCRETE
4
5 ACRYLIC
6
7
8 CENTRALIZED
9 BUILT
10 GLASS PANEL 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 9 10 3750 4F 3750 5F 25.950 22.200 18.450 18.700 25.600 3F 1
0 Scale 1:250 1 2 4M 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
IN
10 GLASS PANEL 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 9 10 3750 4F 3750 5F 25.950 22.200 18.450 18.700 25.600 Scale 1:50 LEGEND 1
3
4
5
6
7
8 CENTRALIZED A/C
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10 GLASS PANEL
Section of the Art Room
DETAILED SECTION OF ART ROOM (1:50)
CONCRETE
EDGE BEAM
CONCRETE
FLOOR FINISHES
EPOXY TERRAZZO FLOOR FINISHES
SLATTED TIMBER CEILING
A/C UNIT
IN SHELF
DETAILED
SECTION OF ART ROOM (1:50)
CENTRALIZED A/C UNIT
BUILT
SHELF
2
UNIT
BUILT-IN SHELF
Detailed
: STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS
The Two Structural Systems
The existing and the shoreline block in the front are adopting two different structural systems. In the existing block at the back, it is reusing the existing structural system of reinforced concrete columns and beams, where the two sides of the block are the structural walls that can a place to show the school names for people’s recognition from the outside.
While the new structure also used the reinforced concrete columns and beams as the main structural elements but with the use of edge beams at the peripheral of the shoreline outline that can be used to hide the beams inside. Therefore, the concrete railing will be connecting with the edge beams that keep the outer surface clean and create a sense of unity. Additionally, a steel truss is installed under the slab at second floor in order to gives a better structural support for the long spanning school hall.
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CREATIVE LEARNING&PLAY
EXISTINGSTUDYBLOCK
1 REINFORCED CONCRETE SLAB AT FIRST FLOOR
2 REINFORCED CONCRETE COLUMNS AND BEAM
3 REINFORCED CONCRETE SLAB AT GROUND FLOOR
4 RC STRUCTURAL WALL
5 REINFORCED CONCRETE EDGE BEAM
6 STEEL TRUSS (AT 2F SLAB ONLY)
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Exploded Constructural Diagram of the Two Structural Systems
1 3 4 4 2 3 3 2 5 5 2 1 1 6
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: DESIGN FEATURES >>
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Perspective Section
: THE AXONOMETRIC DIAGRAM
The Layers of Space
The Shoreline Primary School and Kindergarten can be divided into three layers when looking from the side, which is the existing block, the island stair system in the middle for connection between blocks and the new shoreline building in the front.
There will be a multi-functional room at different location on each level of the existing block, that can be a place to organize extra-curriculum activities after school and the event posters can be pin on the board for students to read. In addition, the kindergarten classrooms are at ground level for easy access by younger kids and make it easier for the teachers to bring the students to the playground in the front for outdoor activities.
The front part of the school is the fun and interesting area of the school that consists of the playful circulations installed at different location of the floor. In particular, the titled ceiling of the music room in the middle is not solely for better acoustic reasons, but the exterior of it can also be used as a climbing wall for the students to climb upwards.
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37 LEGEND CREATIVE LEARNING 4 ART ROOM 5 MUSIC ROOM 7 TEACHER’S LOUNGE PLAYFUL CIRCULATION 8 PETAL CLIMBERS 9 SLOPE & SLIDE 10 CLIMBING WALL (HANDLE & MESH) AXONOMETRIC DIAGRAM OF THIRD AND FOURTH FLOOR 1 CLASSROOM STUDY BLOCK 2 MULTI-FUNCTIONAL ROOM 3 LAVATORY 6 SUNKEN FUNCTIONAL SPACE
: FAÇADE DESIGN
The Façade Design for Creative Learning Classrooms
The façade of the creative learning classrooms, these rooms including the art room, music room, library, school hall and the teacher’s lounge in the new shoreline building can serve for different functions.
Other than the conventional circular window opening of different size and height, some of the window frames are thicken as to incorporate a seat on top of the frame for students to sit on it from the inside and outside. Whereas some of the opening is a hole that students can crawl through it, that works as an alternative choice to enter or leave the classrooms that make the learning experience more interesting to the students.
Apart from openings, some gaming boards are hang on the outer wall surface that allows the students to use it during their leisure time, that are some good devices in training student’s brain development during non-lesson hours. These devices including the painting board, tangram puzzle board and the Montessori board which can encourage interaction, visual analysis and develop the problem-solving abilities of students yet to utilize the wall surface for the good of children’s mental growth.
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FAÇADE DESIGN OF CREATIVE LEARNING CLASSROOMS
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The Entrance View
The Entrance View
The shoreline of Siu Sai Wan can be reflected onto eye of students when they first enter the school. As the school is having the shoreline pattern along the sides of the new structure in the front, so it will be the first thing that attract people’s eyesight. There will be some trees planted on strategic location that is diffusing the green elements into the building and it can be a gathering area for the students as well. The landscape used the same theme color of yellow and blue that form a consistency with the building. These color paths on ground level will be guiding students to different zone of the open area, such as the gaming area or the outdoor dining area underneath the school.
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Island Stair System
The Island Stair System
The Island Stair System is located in between the two blocks that mainly act as a connection between levels and floors. The stair system can be separated into two parts with the larger piece on the left and a smaller one on the right, and it is like some small island for students to step to the shoreline building in the front. Those spiral stairs are constructed at different location for students to discover their own path, while the linear part on the floor slab can be used as a short running track with some patterns on the floor for students to run or play with it. In the corridor of the existing building, there are some storage areas outside every classroom for students to store their belongings. Also, there is a small bench next to the entrance door for the teachers to sit for a while in between classes or for the parents to sit on parent’s day while waiting for their meeting.
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Playful Circulations
The Playful Circulations
The playful circulations are placed at different location that includes the two types of climbing walls, slides and climbers that allow students to travel between floors. For instance, students can choose to take the slide to the lower level and there is a stair next to it as another option for people to walk upward and downward. Where the petal climbers at the back is covered with the mesh for the safety of the students. A color path can be found on each level that act as a guide to lead students or teachers to different spots and classroom, that can be connected to the color path on the landscape at ground level.
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Sunken Multi-Functional Space
The Sunken Plaza
The ceiling of the library is recessed for about a meter that created an opportunity for having a sunken space on top of it. The sunken area above can work as a multi-functional space, which is a slowpaced zone for those who want to read or chat during break time or lunch hour. It can be a used as a venue for outdoor lesson as well where students will be sitting on the steps. The climbing wall at the back is associated with the ceiling of the music room, that the wall can be divided into two parts with one side covered with mesh and the other side with handles placing all over the wall surface.
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: CHARTER AND THE SCHOOL
44 The Shoreline 2021/22
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: CHARTER FOR SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE
A Case Study for the Charter
The Shoreline Primary School and Kindergarten is the second case study of the Charter for Sustainable Architecture in Hong Kong that it focuses mainly on the low carbon and the well-being aspects of the Charter.
In order to reduce the carbon emission, the new structure of the school is a permeable structure that allow natural ventilation to take place and bring the sea breeze to the classrooms at the existing block. While electric fans are installed in the classrooms as to minimize the use of air-conditioning in the building.
Furthermore, the creative learning area and the active playing zone are well integrated to each other that encourage interaction between students, where the use of break up massing, stepping façade and skylight in the art room allows daylight to penetrate into the building to reduce the use of artificial lights in the school.
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: LOW CARBON ASPECT
Reuse the Existing Structure as the Main Study Block
Operable Windows at Enclosed Area and AC only in Secondary Spaces
Outdoor Circulations Connecting the Existing and New Structure
Permeable Structure and Isolated Classrooms for Natural Ventilation
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: WELL-BEING ASPECT
Integration of Creative Learning and Active Play to Encourage Interaction
Sheltered Ground Floor and Covered Walkway in Both Structures
Broken-up Mass and Stepping Facade for Daylight Penetration
Accessible Roof Garden and Garden at Ground Level to Maximize Greenery
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48 The Shoreline 2021/22 : CONCLUSION >>
CONCLUSION.
“How to encourage student’s mobility by transforming the school design?”
Hong Kong is notorious for its spoon feeding and exam-oriented approach towards education, that students are forced to memorize the things appear on the textbook and it focus very little on the physical and mental development of the students. In Hong Kong, only 52% of the students are satisfied with their lives that is below the global average of 69%.
As mentioned in the Danish School Reform, students can achieve a better learning experience and outcome through movement and sensation. The Shoreline Primary School and Kindergarten in Siu Sai Wan adopted its philosophy and it aims to transform this unhealthy education system in Hong Kong and the school has transformed based on 3 directions that include the school layout, function and facilities and the daily schedule with 3 levels of circulation among the school.
Therefor the school had incorporate different types of playful circulation facilities in the shoreline structure in the front to encourage students use it to travel between spaces yet to increase students’ mobility during their time at school. Students can use it during their break time in between class or to play around during recess and lunch hour that can work like an indoor playground as well. Whereas the open space at ground level is separated into different zones that the color paths can guide students to different area for them to enjoy all the facilities provided by the school.
In a long run, the school can be a starting point in changing the intense schooling style in Hong Kong, changing student’s attitude and point of view towards the school. It will be a playful area where they can learn and play at the same time but not a place that only poses stress and tension to the students.
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