Sparks Magazine-Summer 16 Issue by SNG Publishing

SUMMER 2016

THE ONLY MAGAZINE FOR APPRENTICE ELECTRICIANS

INSIDE...

WHY APPRENTICES ARE THE FUTURE LATEST REGS FROM THE IET COMPETITION REVIEW

WIN

A MEGGER VF3 AC VOLTAGE DETECTOR

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EDITOR’S NOTE | SUMMER ISSUE 2016 | SPARKS MAGAZINE

SUMMER 2016

THE ONLY MAGAZINE FOR APPRENTICE ELECTRICIANS

INSIDE...

WHY APPRENTICES ARE THE FUTURE LATEST REGS FROM THE IET COMPETITION REVIEW

WIN

A MEGGER VF3 AC VOLTAGE DETECTOR

EDITOR: BECKY MARTIN editor@sng-publishing.co.uk TECHNICAL CONTRIBUTORS: Michael Davies & Bradley McKay ADVERTISING: SUE CATT sue.catt@sng-publishing.co.uk GRAPHIC DESIGN: STUDIO 74 www.studio-74.co.uk PUBLISHER: CELIA MATTHEWS celia.matthews@sng-publishing.co.uk PRINTERS Stephens & George, England GENERAL ENQUIRIES To subscribe to SPARKS Magazine call 0870 774 3049 or subscribe online at www.sparks-magazine.co.uk DISCLAIMER SPARKS Magazine is published by SNG Publishing Ltd (SNG). All content and artwork is © SNG Publishing Ltd or its contributors and SNG is a trade mark of SNG Publishing Ltd. No part of SPARKS Magazine may be copied, transmitted or published in any form or by any means without prior permission. Although SNG has made every effort to ensure the accuracy of this publication, it does not verify any claims or other information appearing in the advertisements contained in SPARKS Magazine. It therefore cannot accept any responsibility whatsoever for consequences that may arise from the content or artwork contained in SPARKS Magazine, including any errors or omissions or any opinions or advice given therein. This publication and its content is not a substitute for professional advice on a particular matter. Advertisements are accepted for publication in SPARKS Magazine only upon SNG Publishing Ltd standard terms of advertising.

And so another term begins and we sadly say goodbye to this year’s SPARKS UK Electrical Apprentice of the Year competition, which saw more entrants than ever before. We’d like to thank all of the colleges that participated, and needless to say here at SPARKS Magazine we’re already looking forward to next year’s competition! Within the pages of this issue you will discover what made the event the success that it was: learn all about the winner and the finalists, receive expert advice from the judge himself, Darren Oates, and test your own knowledge with our exercises. As ever, don’t forget to check your answers on our website! And if you didn’t win or didn’t enter our competition, then next year could be your year so we really hope you get involved – we’d love to see you there. We also get the latest updates from our sponsors who have been there every step of the way as the competition heated up: Megger, Scolmore, Trade Direct and Wera Tools. Mix these with our feature on future Smart Homes using Bluetooth, our exciting competition and all the latest news in the industry and you’ve got yourself yet another great issue of SPARKS Magazine!

Becky Martin EDITOR

SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK

/SPARKSMAG

/SPARKSMAGAZINE

02 SUMMER ISSUE 2016 | CONTENTS

29 30 34 36 38 40 42 44 46

Electrical Supply Systems (BS 7671) Revision for AC Circuit Components Electrical Instrument Readings Capacitors Revision for AC Circuit Components Initial Verification of Electrical Installations Periodic Inspection & Testing of Electrical Installations Cable Selection Multiple Choice Questions Electro-Technical Science Revision Quiz

WIN PAGE 08

SYLLABUS

04 Looking Good

Snickers Workwear introduce their new range of urban fashion workwear

06 A Day in the Life of a Lecturer

Sparks caught up with Boston College lecturer Graham Valentine at the Sparks UK Electrical Apprentice of the Year competition

PAGE 10

FEATURES

10 Sparks UK Electrical Apprentice of the Year Winner

Luke Shield from Lakes College wins the coveted title for 2016

11 National Competition Review

A round-up of this year’s successful competition

12 National Competition Sponsors News from all our 2016 sponsors

15 Welcome to Generation Great

EAL offer advice to help you have a rewarding career in the industry

16 The Final Countdown

Sparks Magazine gets the low down from all six competition finalists

PAGE 11

18 Interview with Judge Darren Oates

Judge Darren tells it like it is!

20 Judge Darren’s Dos and Don’ts

Good practice top tips and the pitfalls to avoid on competition day

21 Professional Pliers You Can Rely On

Knipex highlight the benefits of starting your career with good quality tools

22 On The Tools

Klein Tools and Super Rod’s 10,000 challenge begins

24 The Future Under Your Roof

A look at how the introduction of Bluetooth has created the ‘smart’ home

PAGE 15

28 Five Reasons it’s a Great Idea to Hire an Apprentice

Sue Husband, Director of the National Apprenticeship Service, looks at the positive impact apprentices can have on a business

31 Take It Easy Schneider Electric’s new Easy9+ and Resi9+ circuit protection ranges now blend safety with modern design

35 Road Ready

Mercedes offer advice on things to consider when purchasing a work van

45 Testing Times

Klein Tools focus on testing equipment

47 In the Know

PAGE 22

BS7671:2008 Amendment 3 (2015) regulation update from the IET

01 05 26 48 49

Editor’s Note Industry News Teabreak Wordsearch Products & Services Fired Up

COMPETITIONS 08 WIN a Megger VF3 AC Voltage Detector

PAGE 45

REGULARS

You’re never alone with a Megger tester

The new Megger MFT1711 multifuction installation tester does all the tests you’ll want to do WWW.MEGGER.COM

■ It’s tough and straight forward to use ■ It’s supplied ready to work with cal cert, case, test leads and batteries ■ It won’t go bang when you make those little mistakes ■ It comes with a lifetime’s full tech support line to help when you need to phone a friend ■ Megger calibration service offers a full and fast service ■ Megger repair service will make sure you keep testing With the 3 year warranty you won’t have to keep paying out Find out more call 01304 502 101 for a FREE leaflet today Megger Limited, Archcliffe Road, Dover CT17 9EN The word ‘Megger’ is a registered trademark

youtube.com/meggeruk twitter.com/meggeruk

SPARKS MAGAZINE | SUMMER ISSUE 2016 | WORKWEAR

G N I K O O L ! D GOO

These garments have already made their mark in the USA with rappers and their road crews taking to the ‘urban, street-cred looks’ that are the hallmark of this latest addition to the Hultafors portfolio of brands for professional craftsmen and women. With a history that’s similar to Snickers, the Dunderdon brand was based on the vision of a carpenter called Per-Ivan Hagberg. He wanted to create working clothes for style-conscious craftsmen. Following the launch of the first product in Gothenburg, Sweden in 1997, Per-Ivan went on to create a full collection of clothing for professional tradesmen. Today the brand is sold globally and they are now bringing it to the UK market for the first time. While some people might ask how well Dunderdon will sit alongside Snickers working clothes, it’s clear from the Dunderdon design and fabrics that this brand provides a different product choice, targeting a niche market that Snickers would not normally reach. They are style-conscious young individuals.  To find out more about the Hultafors brands visit hultaforsgroup.co.uk

Electricians need good quality, comfortable, hard-wearing work clothes. Now you can look good too! Matti Viio lost his cool in 1975 because his work clothes simply weren’t good enough. So he went home and designed his own. Thus, Snickers Workwear was born – the brand that has come to revolutionise the meaning of modern workwear. Ever since, Snickers Workwear has been pioneering the development of advanced working clothes for professional craftsmen and women who have to be able to rely on their gear on site. Now they’re celebrating 40 years of innovation as probably the leading brand in the European workwear industry with sales in 26 countries. Snickers, along with brands such as Fisco, Dunderdon, Solid Gear and Toe Guard, all come under the Hultafors Group. To celebrate their 40th anniversary last year they launched the unique Next Generation Work Clothes and are now following that up with more brand and product launches in 2016.

David Clark, Managing Director of the Hultafors Group said that lots of research had been carried out to develop the new products. “These garments are based on a completely new design approach that utilises the very best in fabrics for comfort, looks and durability. This really makes them fit your body properly to provide amazing freedom of movement and working comfort.”

Urban fashion A new range of urban fashion workwear from their Dunderdon brand is being launched this year. The range, which includes garments made from robust denim, will suit every conceivable need and budget.

...Dunderdon targets... style-conscious young individuals.

INDUSTRY NEWS | SUMMER ISSUE 2016 | SPARKS MAGAZINE

READ THE FULL STORY IN THE NEWS SECTION OF SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK

HITACHI POWER TOOLS LAUNCHES NEW PRODUCT CATALOGUE The new Hitachi Power Tools product catalogue features their entire range of power tools, including their range of mains-powered products, cordless tools and outdoor power equipment too. It is the first time they have brought all of their power tools and outdoor power products into one definitive catalogue. The catalogue also features the brand new, more advanced 18V 6.0Ah cordless range, including the DV18DBXL/JX Combi drill, with its class-leading torque and lightweight ergonomic design. The 6.0Ah 18V range also includes a Band Saw, Circular Saw, Grinder, Impact Driver, Impact Wrench, Multi Cutter and Drill Driver.  HITACHI-POWERTOOLS.CO.UK

NICEIC AND ELECSA INTRODUCE THE CAGE The first ever TV and online commercial has been made by NICEIC and ELECSA, promoting the use of its registered contractors. The Cage is a 30-second insight into the potential hidden electrical dangers that can exist in a home. NICEIC and ELECSA carried out extensive research to evaluate the level of awareness that householders have for domestic electrical installations. The study revealed that the majority of people take electricity in their homes for granted, simply because it’s invisible. Using advanced CGI animation, The Cage shows a homeowner oblivious to the wall of electrical currents surrounding her.  YOU CAN VIEW THE COMMERCIAL NOW AT NICEIC.COM OR ELECSA.CO.UK

BOSCH GET TOUGH Bosch Professional Power Tools backs Tough Mudder UK for its 2016 series, and leading the company’s campaign is the Champion Charger. Champion Charger heads up the 18-Volt cordless range of Bosch Professional Power Tools. It will appear at every event in a number of different guises from obstacles to photo opportunities. With the longest running and fastest charge of any cordless tools, the 18 Volt Professional range with its matchless charger is an ideal partner for the gruelling series. This year there are 10 Tough Mudder events across the UK and Ireland, each representing the ultimate test of camaraderie, teamwork, physical and mental toughness over a course of 16- 20 km and 20+ obstacles.  BOSCH.COM TOUGHMUDDER.CO.UK

FINANCIAL SUPPORT FOR APPRENTICES The Electrical Industries Charity has launched an Apprenticeship Bursary Scheme which is aimed at supporting apprentices working in the electrical industry who are struggling with family and financial commitments. Young people who started their apprenticeship after 1 July 2015 and who are looking after a family or who are fulfilling the role of a primary carer can now apply for a bursary of £400 per month from the Charity. There are ten bursaries on offer with a total of £4,800 available for each of the 10 apprentices in a 12-month period.  CONTACT THE CONFIDENTIAL HELPLINE ON 0800 652 1618. ELECTRICALCHARITY.ORG

SPARKS MAGAZINE | SUMMER ISSUE 2016 | COLLEGE PROFILE

N I Y A D A . . . F O E THE LIF R E R U T C A LE We pick the brains of Graham Valentine, a lecturer at Boston College, who was at the SPARKS UK Electrical Apprentice of the Year competition for the very first time with his student, Pierce Cook.

COLLEGE PROFILE | SUMMER ISSUE 2016 | SPARKS MAGAZINE

SPARKS: How do you start your day? GV: I wake up at 6am and leave the house at 6.45am. I’ll stop at the Co-op and buy two pints of milk and a tub of grapes for breakfast. SPARKS: Where did you start your career as an electrical lecturer? GV: I started in 2008 at Peterborough College, where I had a split role as both a trainer assessor and an AM2 examiner. I then went on to become Head of Electrical at Huntingdonshire Regional College, and now I am a lecturer at Boston College. SPARKS: Why did you choose to go into the electrical industry? GV: I became an apprentice electrician when I was 16 at the advice of my Careers Officer. He got me an interview, I got the job and I’ve been in it ever since – it’s a good industry. SPARKS: What do you enjoy most about your job? GV: I enjoy the interaction with the students and seeing them develop and grow. A lot of Level 3 Electrics, which I teach, is Maths and Physics, so seeing someone struggle and then suddenly get it is great. For example, the SPARKS UK Electrical Apprentice of the Year competition is like that. This is the first time I’ve been involved in the competition and I brought Pierce, a student of mine, and he tried his best and he won – you can’t ask for more than that. SPARKS: What do you dislike most about your job? GV: I dislike the bureaucracy of further education. I know there has to be a process but in my opinion there’s a lot of excessive paperwork. Full-time lecturers have 12 hours to prepare for 24 hours of teaching, and paperwork on top of that doesn’t help them or the student.

SPARKS: What qualities / skills do you look for in new students? GV: They need to be interested, and hopefully that interest will build over time. They need good Maths and English because they need to be able to do the calculations. Electricians have to be very precise, so they are generally very organised. Practically, they need to be dexterous and be able to use their hands, as well as being able to take instruction. The physical side of the job can be tough.

I think all colleges need to get on board with the SPARKS UK Electrical Apprentice of the Year competition. SPARKS: How important do you think it is for students to enter skills competitions? GV: It’s very important and I think all colleges need to get on board with the SPARKS UK Electrical Apprentice of the Year competition. It’s a good experience for students because they’re having to do their job in a completely different environment and someone else is judging them: in that sense it’s like the AM2, being scrutinised by a stranger. Even if they don’t get through, they’ll have learnt something from the experience. It’s also a good opportunity for the lecturers because it’s a rare chance for them to share ideas with each other and make contacts. SPARKS: How important do you think it is for manufacturers to support students and colleges? GV: It’s very important because you’re in a marketplace. These apprentices are their future customers – for potentially 20/30 years. SPARKS: What would you say to someone who is interested in teaching? GV: You’ve got to be prepared to work hard but in a different way to what electricians are used to – it will make you mentally tired rather than physically tired which is harder to deal with. You’ve got to be organised but it is rewarding.

SPARKS: What do you think is the most important piece of advice you can give to a student? GV: Learn to do the job properly first – speed will come with experience. People are often quick but sometimes the quality isn’t then good enough. Quality comes first.

SPARKS: What time do you usually finish? GV: I finish at 9pm on a Monday, but I usually finish at 5pm. SPARKS: What’s your favourite TV programme? GV: I like to watch The Big Bang Theory and Gavin and Stacey with my family – I think they’re so clever. SPARKS: If you could have dinner with one famous person, who would that be and why? GV: I would have dinner with Adele because she has a wicked sense of humour. She’s still just a girl from Essex even though she’s so successful. Or James Corden – he’d be hilarious.

 Visit boston.ac.uk

SPARKS MAGAZINE | SUMMER ISSUE 2016 | COMPETITION

WIN

A MEGGER PRIZE Here’s a chance to line your kit bag with every tradesman’s secret weapon – a Megger VF3 AC voltage detector. The VF3 voltage detector is a compact, pen-style instrument able to identify the presence of AC voltages from 90 to 600 V at 50 or 60 Hz, without the need to make any direct electrical connection.  As a bonus feature, Megger’s VF3 has an ultra-bright LED torch built in and its IP65 ingress protection makes it safe to use outdoors or in damp environments.  Equipped with a powerful red voltage indicator tip that lights brightly when voltage is detected, the VF3 also incorporates a buzzer that provides a clear audible indication of the presence of voltage. 

The VF3 is typically used to detect AC voltage at socket outlets, switches, circuit breakers, fuses, luminaires, wires and cables. It can also be used to find breaks in conductors by tracing along the cable from the source where the indicator no longer illuminates, as well as to identify blown fuses in a circuit.

 Weighing only 48g, the VF3 is small (178mm x 27mm) and easy to carry thanks to its handy pocket clip. It is powered by two inexpensive and universally available AAA batteries and boasts long battery life, even when used with its ultra-bright LED torch.

HOW TO ENTER... Don’t miss out – for your chance to win, simply send an email to

admin@sng-publishing.co.uk and put ‘Megger Competition’ as the email title. We’ll pick the lucky winner at random and notify them via email by the end of August. COM

HURRY!

Good luck!

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SPARKS MAGAZINE | SUMMER ISSUE 2016 | NATIONAL COMPETITION

After all of the excitement and tension of the grand final, we caught up with our successful SPARKS UK Electrical Apprentice of the Year winner, Luke Shield from Lakes College. After competing last year and finishing as a regional finalist, Luke went on to be the overall winner this year – and what a well deserved victory it was. We managed to grab a moment with him amidst all of the excitement after his name was revealed. SPARKS: How did you feel when your name was announced as the winner? LS: So happy – I was surprised but I have worked really hard, so it was nice to see all of that effort paying off. At the start I would never have thought I would ever do it. SPARKS: Who do you work for? LS: I work for firm called Jacob’s, which is a massive firm – one of the biggest, in fact. SPARKS: What attracted you to a career in the electrical industry? LS: I had to pick a college course and it caught my eye. My parents thought it was a good idea, too. Now I love the job because it’s got a bit of everything.

SPARKS: How did you manage to get an apprenticeship? LS: My tutor found it for me, and it was at a small company called MB Electrical. I then went on to do an apprenticeship at Jacob’s, which has been a good place to work and a really useful learning experience. SPARKS: What made you think about entering? LS: It’s good for your CV and it’s a good thing to be a part of generally. I was in the finals last year as a runner-up so I wanted to come back to see if I could go further and win it. SPARKS: How did you cope with completing the task on time? LS: It wasn’t bad – I found it easier than last year, but that may be because I have another year’s experience under my belt now. SPARKS: How did you get on with the other contestants? LS: I’ve found that both years were a good opportunity to talk to people who are having similar experiences to me. SPARKS: What did your lecturer think of your achievement? LS: He’s chuffed, and it makes the college look good. SPARKS: Who are you going to call first to tell them you have won? LS: Probably my parents because my mum will be over the moon!

 FOR ALL THE LATEST COMPETITION NEWS VISIT SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK

NATIONAL COMPETITION | SUMMER ISSUE 2016 | SPARKS MAGAZINE

W E I V E R N O I COMPETIT

This year we were amazed by the amount of people who competed in the SPARKS UK Electrical Apprentice of the Year competition. The number of entrants skyrocketed as more of you than ever before pulled up your sleeves in an attempt to be crowned the winner. But after all of the blood, sweat and beers there could only be seven people that made it to the final in March.

n’t sts whogdoid li a in f e ... th st It wasn’t lejut that beer cooler want to

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worth fighting 1 Beer coolers are fit in the car to ult fic dif for and finalists jam 2 Nearly half of our am ah to Lukas Gr last 3 Chocolate biscuits tes nu mi ven se approx

doesn’t like Which judllge judge’? to be ca ed’

Stephenson College in Coalville, Leicestershire, became our home as the finalists battled over the humongous pile of prizes that were up for grabs, generously donated by our fantastic sponsors. The finalists had ten hours spread over two days to complete the task which would reveal who would be this years SPARKS UK Electrical Apprentice of the Year. Our judges were really impressed (and only slightly stressed!) by the high standard of work this year from all of the competitors, so a big thank you and well done from all of us here at SPARKS Magazine. We hope all of you finalists are enjoying our swanky new red trophies! If you didn’t get a chance to enter, or would like to enter again, please do next year. We’d love to see you there! We’ll bring biscuits…

 FOR ALL THE LATEST COMPETITION NEWS VISIT SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK

SPARKS MAGAZINE | SUMMER ISSUE 2016 | NATIONAL COMPETITION

COMPETITION SPONSORS

PLATINUM SPONSOR With your apprenticeship successfully completed, you’ll be well placed to set out on an interesting and profitable career – but to complement your new qualifications, you’re going to need the right tools for the job. And the most important of them all, will be your installation tester.

T S E B E H T H TEST WIT The right tester will save you time and money for years to come, and it will mean that you can be totally confident when you certify your installations. And there’s never been a better time to buy a tester! Megger – the Platinum Sponsor of the SPARKS UK Electrical Apprentice of the Year – has just introduced three new models in its successful and popular MFT1700 range of multifunction installation testers. The entry-level model – the MFT1711 – is an ideal choice for a newly qualified apprentice.

The new MFT1711

But don’t let the label “entry-level” mislead you. The MFT1711 is certainly entry level in terms of price, but not in terms of versatility or performance. In fact, it offers a whole range of functions that were previously only available on much more expensive instruments.

The MFT1711 has been designed to suit electrical contractors who work mainly on single-phase installations in domestic and commercial premises. As you would expect, it has all the options you need to test these installations in line with the requirements of the IET Wiring Regulations, but it goes far beyond basic functionality.

Features

For example, it can test RCDs with sensitivities from 10 mA right up to 500 mA, including programmable types. It also offers automatic RCD testing, which is a real timesaver, as it means you don’t have to walk between the RCD and the tester for each of the five individual tests needed for each RCD. Another great timesaving feature is the maximum Zs function. With this, when you go round an installation measuring Zs at each socket outlet, you no longer have to memorize or write down the results so that you can record the highest Zs value on the test certificate. The instrument does it all for you, displaying the highest value as you make each measurement, and keeping it on the display for when you’ve finished. Like all testers in Megger’s MFT1700 range, the MFT1711 gives you a choice of three options for loop testing – twowire no trip, three-wire no trip and two-wire high current. This means that whatever the situation, even when there is no neutral available on a protected circuit, there’s always a fast and convenient method for you to use. Other great features include True RMS voltage measurement, which is important when you work on systems with high levels of harmonics, and fastresponse auto-start continuity testing. Since continuity is the test you’ll use the most, the auto-start feature really does make for easy two-handed operation.

The optional belt pouch, along with left and right-handed test buttons, aids testing when you’re working on a hop-up or a ladder. There are lots of other things you’ll like about the MFT1711. It has a large bright dual-parameter display, for example, that shows test voltage at the same time as insulation resistance, and loop resistance at the same time as prospective fault current. The MFT1711 is also a tough instrument that can take rough handling in its stride, so it will last you a long time. As an added benefit it also has comprehensive electrical protection against damage if the wrong range is selected or if it is accidentally connected to a live circuit, even when the test has been locked on.

When you’re starting out as an electrician, your installation tester is a big and important investment, so if you choose Megger’s new MFT1711, you’ll simply test with the best!  Visit megger.com

 FOR ALL THE LATEST COMPETITION NEWS VISIT SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK

COMPETITION SPONSORS

NATIONAL COMPETITION | SUMMER ISSUE 2016 | SPARKS MAGAZINE

CONGRATULATIONS TO THE UK ELECTRICAL APPRENTICE OF THE YEAR WINNER, LUKE SHIELD With the highest number of entrants ever in this year’s competition, the SPARKS UK Electrical Apprentice of the Year has been a resounding success in attracting and rewarding some of the top young talent in the country. Scolmore is delighted to have had the opportunity to once again support the competition and continue to demonstrate our commitment to developing the talent and skills that will ensure the industry continues to thrive in the future. We wish the winner, Luke Shield, a long and successful career in the business.

GOLD SPONSOR

Innovative locating plug socket in visually contrasting version At Scolmore, we are passionate about developing new and innovative products that provide solutions and make electrical installation projects quicker and easier to carry out. Our innovative new Locating Plug Sockets and Wide Rocker Switches, both targeted at the growing assisted living sector were launched last summer and are now available in visually contrasting versions to meet with Part M regulations. Designed to assist people with impaired vision or poor hand to eye coordination to more easily insert a plug into a socket, the Mode Part M Locating Plug Socket features a contoured front plate, which guides the earth pin into position. The product is available in one and two-gang options, with the two-gang version featuring outboard rockers to further assist with distinguishing between switches, making it less likely to switch the wrong one. It is a very simple but clever concept. There is no problem inserting a plug into a socket as long as it’s easily accessible, but if it isn’t, then it can be a nightmare locating first the earth pin and then the other two pins.

With these new sockets, you are able to feel your way through the process. The Part M Wide Rocker Switches have ease of use as their main benefit, making them the ideal choice for assisted living installations and to aid with Part M compliance. There are three versions available – 1-gang, 2-gang and 3-gang – all offering concealed screws for improved aesthetics. Part of Scolmore’s Mode wiring accessories range, both products benefit from the standard features inherent with the Mode range - antimicrobial properties and a 20-year guarantee.

 Visit scolmore.com

SUPPORTING APPRENTICES

SILVER SPONSOR

Some of you may have nearly reached the end of your apprenticeship, and you may be thinking about working full time for yourself and setting up your own business. This brings with it lots of exciting new opportunities, as well as a set of new considerations, including business insurance. However well trained and careful you are, mistakes can be made, injuries can be sustained and tools can be stolen. The impact of these on you and your business can be significant, including your ability to work. T. 08000 280 380 Visit tradedirectinsurance.co.uk where we have a set of handy guides that take the mystery out of business insurance.

But what insurance should you consider? PUBLIC LIABILITY INSURANCE: Public Liability insurance is designed to pay the legal costs and any compensation payments that your company could be liable for should you or one of your employees cause injury to a person or cause damage to property in connection with your business. PROFESSIONAL INDEMNITY: Professional Indemnity insurance is designed to cover legal costs and expenses that might be incurred if you find yourself the subject of litigious action, resulting from advice or guidance you have provided in your professional capacity. EMPLOYERS’ LIABILITY INSURANCE: Employers’ Liability insurance is designed to pay your legal liabilities should your employees be injured, or even fatally injured, while working for you in connection with your business, or contract a disease as a result of that work. If you have employees, this is a legal requirement in the United Kingdom. A good Public Liability policy should allow you to tailor cover to meet individual needs, including adding cover for tools, stock and plant etc. Trade Direct Insurance has been insuring individuals and businesses in the tradesman and construction industry for over 30 years, and we know that the right insurance can help protect your business, while also potentially saving you money.

TRADE DIRECT INSURANCE. QUALITY INSURANCE AT TRADE PRICES.

 FOR ALL THE LATEST COMPETITION NEWS VISIT SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK

SPARKS MAGAZINE | SUMMER ISSUE 2016 | NATIONAL COMPETITION

COMPETITION SPONSORS

BRONZE SPONSOR

CONGRATS! The start of 2016 has been a great one for Wera! They were thrilled to once again be part of the SPARKS UK Electrical Apprentice of the Year competition, and congratulate Luke Shield from Lakes College on his much-deserved win. As part of this fantastic competition, Wera were able to meet with college lecturers, demonstrating who they are as a company, what they believe in, and (most importantly!) the top quality tools they manufacture. This allows Wera to help mould the next generation of UK electricians in a positive way.

Hard at work

More shots of the finalists hard at work!

Wera recently rocked the International Hardware Show in Cologne, launching a whole host of exciting new products that they can’t wait to show you… making life easier, faster and safer.

 Visit wera-tools.com

 FOR ALL THE LATEST COMPETITION NEWS VISIT SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK

SPONSORED FEATURE | SUMMER ISSUE 2016 | SPARKS MAGAZINE

WELCOME TO GENERATION GREAT EAL is one of the leading awarding organisations – ensuring that more people prosper with a rewarding career in industry.

MY ADVICE TO YOU IS: 1

HAVE FAITH IN YOUR ABILITY AND KEEP CALM

Assess the days and weeks ahead in very much the same way as you would an electrical circuit – with composure and focus – drawing upon all the processes and techniques that you have learnt. Set out a timetable for some intensive revision.

TALK TO YOUR SUPERVISORS / TEACHERS ABOUT THE MARKING SYSTEM TO ENSURE YOU GET AS MANY MARKS AS POSSIBLE

The people that have helped get you this far want you to do well. Take some time to ask their advice about how to score enough marks to get you to the required standard. EAL Managing Director Julia Chippendale shares her top training tips… Many of you are heading towards that momentous moment when after years of effort and commitment you will become a fully qualified electrician. In doing just that you will epitomise everything that EAL stands for – Excellence, Achievement and Learning. It may well be that you have exams and assessments on the horizon – which could prove pivotal to you gaining your apprenticeship and moving forward in your career. This is the crunch point when you need your wits about you and a cool head on your shoulders.

CONCENTRATE ON YOUR WEAKNESSES

No doubt there will be areas of your work that you know aren’t your strongest and these are weak spots that could cost you dear.

KEEP YOUR EYES ON THE PRIZE

A little extra effort now will help you ‘get over the line’, boost your earnings and take you to the next level in your exciting and rewarding career.

TAKE YOUR TIME

Always take time to review your work – and change your mind set to try to think in the same way that an examiner / assessor would do. Is your work safe, correct and tidy? If not, be sure to make amends and present it properly.

You don’t need me to tell you just how many opportunities there are out there for you as a qualified electrician. We as a nation need you – and thousands more like you - to keep us at the forefront of so many sectors. Do it for Britain – do it for EAL – and above all do it for yourself...

 Visit eal.org.uk

...WELCOME TO GENERATION GREAT

SPARKS MAGAZINE | SUMMER ISSUE 2016 | NATIONAL COMPETITION

THE FINAL COUNTDOWN Whilst they were anxiously waiting to find out who would be crowned the winner of the SPARKS UK Electrical Apprentice of the Year competition (and when we could pull them away from the football table kindly lent to us by Wera Tools) we asked the finalists some quick-fire questions. MATT DOE

PIERCE COOK

BOSTON COLLEGE SPARKS: What is it about the electrical industry that makes you want to be a part of it? PC: The fact that almost everything we do and use is powered by or involves electricity. SPARKS: How did you get an apprenticeship? PC: Through the family business. SPARKS: Why did you enter the SPARKS UK Electrical Apprentice of the Year competition? PC: Because the college suggested that I put myself forward. SPARKS: How did you find the competition task? PC: Not particularly challenging, but it gave you time to take more care on everything. SPARKS: What is your ambition for the future? PC: To complete my qualifications and travel. SPARKS: What do you dislike most about the electrical industry? PC: Fibreglass. SPARKS: What did you have for breakfast? PC: Pancakes. SPARKS: What’s your favourite song at the moment? PC: 7 Years – Lukas Graham SPARKS: If you could be stuck on a desert island with one celebrity, who would it be and why? PC: Not sure. SPARKS: Do you have a motto or a favourite phrase / saying? PC: Not really.

BEN MOSS COLEG MENAI

SPARKS: What is it about the electrical industry that makes you want to be a part of it? BM: I enjoy practical activities but I also enjoy finishing a job that looks good, works and makes the customer happy. SPARKS: How did you get an apprenticeship? BM: Somebody approached my college looking for an apprentice and my lecturer passed my details on. SPARKS: Why did you enter the SPARKS UK Electrical Apprentice of the Year competition? BM: It is a well-known competition and it is a privilege to even say I competed. SPARKS: How did you find the competition task? BM: Challenging but double the fun. SPARKS: What is your ambition for the future? BM: To build my own company up and hopefully one day own my own firm. SPARKS: What do you dislike most about the electrical industry? BM: It can be cold and wet working outdoors. SPARKS: What did you have for breakfast? BM: Full English breakfast. SPARKS: What’s your favourite song at the moment? BM: 7 years – Lukas Graham SPARKS: If you could be stuck on a desert island with one celebrity, who would it be and why? BM: Bear Grylls so I could survive. SPARKS: Do you have a motto or a favourite phrase / saying? BM: No.

BRIDGWATER COLLEGE

SPARKS: What is it about the electrical industry that makes you want to be a part of it? MD: One open evening I looked at construction and found electrical took my interest the most. I like all aspects of the job and the challenges it throws at me every day. SPARKS: How did you get an apprenticeship? MD: I got my apprenticeship by doing 6 months’ work experience. SPARKS: Why did you enter the SPARKS UK Electrical Apprentice of the Year competition? MD: Because I’m interested in doing competitions. SPARKS: How did you find the competition task? MD: The competition task was OK. It could be made better by making it more challenging by adding more components. SPARKS: What is your ambition for the future? MD: My ambition for the future is to eventually own my own business. SPARKS: What do you dislike most about the electrical industry? MD: N/A SPARKS: What did you have for breakfast? MD: Full English breakfast. SPARKS: What’s your favourite song at the moment? MD: Secrets - Tiesto SPARKS: If you could be stuck on a desert island with one celebrity, who would it be and why? MD: Margot Robbie, you know why. SPARKS: Do you have a motto or a favourite phrase / saying? MD: Not one that’s printable.

 FOR ALL THE LATEST COMPETITION NEWS VISIT SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK

NATIONAL COMPETITION | SUMMER ISSUE 2016 | SPARKS MAGAZINE

WHAT DOES IT TAKE TO BECOME A FINALIST IN THE SPARKS UK ELECTRICAL APPRENTICE OF THE YEAR COMPETITION, YOU ASK? WELL, IT APPEARS TO BE A COMBINATION OF SKILL, DETERMINATION AND A FULL ENGLISH…

JOE BREADON WALSALL COLLEGE

SPARKS: What is it about the electrical industry that makes you want to be a part of it? JB: I find it really interesting, as there is always something to keep my brain active. SPARKS: How did you get an apprenticeship? JB: I found a job with my current employer and decided to get myself on an apprenticeship course. SPARKS: Why did you enter the SPARKS UK Electrical Apprentice of the Year competition? JB: I felt that it would be beneficial for me, as it would give me good practice for my AM2. SPARKS: How did you find the competition task? JB: In some ways easy as I do it on a day-to-day basis but it did have a few challenges along the way.

JAKE SOWERSBY

UXBRIDGE COLLEGE

SPARKS: What is it about the electrical industry that makes you want to be a part of it? JS: The good pay.

SPARKS: What is it about the electrical industry that makes you want to be a part of it? OC: The power.

SPARKS: How did you get an apprenticeship? JS: After doing work experience I got a job.

SPARKS: How did you get an apprenticeship? OC: My Dad.

SPARKS: Why did you enter the SPARKS UK Electrical Apprentice of the Year competition? JS: It’s good experience. SPARKS: How did you find the competition task? JS: It wasn’t too bad – I was able to do it. I just needed to be very precise with everything.

SPARKS: What is your ambition for the future? JB: To become a very successful electrician and maybe run my own business.

SPARKS: What is your ambition for the future? JS: To do my HNC.

SPARKS: What do you dislike most about the electrical industry? JB: Lofts!

SPARKS: What do you dislike most about the electrical industry? JS: Working on sites in the winter.

SPARKS: What did you have for breakfast? JB: Bacon and egg sarnie. SPARKS: What’s your favourite song at the moment? JB: Light It Up - Major Lazer SPARKS: If you could be stuck on a desert island with one celebrity, who would it be and why? JB: Bear Grylls because he is a machine in those sorts of environments. SPARKS: Do you have a motto or a

favourite phrase / saying? JB: Don’t worry, be happy 

OLIVER CLARKE

DARLINGTON COLLEGE

SPARKS: What did you have for breakfast? JS: A full English and a bowl of Frosties. SPARKS: What’s your favourite song at the moment? JS: Love Yourself (Live Lounge cover) – Craig David. SPARKS: If you could be stuck on a desert island with one celebrity, who would it be and why? JS: Rita Ora SPARKS: Do you have a motto or a favourite phrase / saying? JS: Don’t have one but my tutor says it’s “Can we go home yet?”

SPARKS: Why did you enter the SPARKS UK Electrical Apprentice of the Year competition? OC: The prizes. SPARKS: How did you find the competition task? OC: Alright. SPARKS: What is your ambition for the future? OC: To become a lottery winner. SPARKS: What do you dislike most about the electrical industry? OC: Plasters. SPARKS: What did you have for breakfast? OC: A fry up. SPARKS: What’s your favourite song at the moment? OC: 7 Years – Lukas Graham SPARKS: If you could be stuck on a desert island with one celebrity, who would it be and why? OC: Donald Trump SPARKS: Do you have a motto or a favourite phrase / saying? OC: “Another Stella please.”

 FOR ALL THE LATEST COMPETITION NEWS VISIT SPARKS-MAGAZINE.CO.UK

SPARKS MAGAZINE | SUMMER ISSUE 2016 | INTERVIEW

On a rare moment when he wasn’t carefully scrutinizing the SPARKS UK Electrical Apprentice of the Year finalists’ hard efforts, we managed to quiz the man himself, Head Judge Darren Oates. Darren certainly knows his power tools from his cables ties, so we thought that there was no one better to talk to than him about the electrical industry and his experience of it… SPARKS: What did you think of the standard this year? DO: There was a very good standard across the majority of the UK this year – it’s been very impressive.

SPARKS: Were there any apprentices that impressed you the most?

DO: All of the competitors applied themselves in a professional manner and showed respect to each other, which is important. SPARKS: How different is the trade now to when you were an apprentice? DO: Technology has progressed since I was an apprentice, and there is a far greater range of tools and equipment to assist electrical installations, which each apprentice now has to learn about.

SPARKS: What advice would you give to a student who is thinking about entering next year? DO: Take pride in your work and pay respect to fellow competitors during the competition.

SPARKS: What advice would you give to a lecturer who is thinking about entering a student into next year’s competition? DO: The advice I would give is simple, really, and that is, that practice makes perfect and if you fail to prepare, prepare to fail. SPARKS: What do you think sets this competition apart from other competitions? DO: This competition gives full-time learners the opportunity to display their skills. SPARKS: Are there any specific areas that you think the apprentices need to work on? DO: They should maintain good, continuous housekeeping, ensure to wear goggles / safety glasses at all times and check their work when it is complete.

INTERVIEW | SUMMER ISSUE 2016 | SPARKS MAGAZINE

SPARKS: What areas of the competition would you like to see improve for next year? DO: Next year I would like to see all competitors turn up fully equipped for the competition. SPARKS: Why did you choose this trade? DO: My father always told me that by gaining a trade you will always be employed. The opportunities are vast in this industry. SPARKS: What’s the best part of being an electrician? DO: The core skills of being an electrician will lead to other opportunities in life, such as emigrating or teaching. You will also get a decent salary. SPARKS: What’s the worst part of being an electrician? DO: Having to do freebies for the family! Although I’m really glad that I chose this trade and I have no regrets.

SPARKS MAGAZINE | SUMMER ISSUE 2016 | COMPETITION TOP TIPS

HOW NOT TO DO IT!

DON’T

work safely at all times (wear safety goggles, be careful when drilling, etc.)

respect your fellow competitors

forget to measure twice, cut once

DO take pride in your work (would you install it in your own property that way?)

DON’T

forget to prepare for the competition - practice makes perfect and you should ensure that you have the correct tools

check the tip of the tape measure – some tape measures may have an unforgiving amount of play on the end!

DON’T

check your connections and make sure that there is no copper visible when viewing the component at 90°

forget that additional materials and wastage will cost you points

remember that if you are in doubt you can ask the judges, who are happy to advise and assist where possible

DON’T judge yourself against another competitor’s progress – pace yourself and have a mental timeline for completion

REMEMBER Stay hydrated throughout the competition – drink plenty of water!

SPONSORED FEATURE | SUMMER ISSUE 2016 | SPARKS MAGAZINE

KNIPEX: PROFESSIONAL PLIERS YOU CAN RELY ON

Starting out in the trade can be an exciting but daunting time. With KNIPEX pliers at the ready, you can rest assured that you will be prepared for any job that may come your way. Safety is the first priority when working on electrical installations. An electrician must be able to rely 100 per cent on the tools that have been specially manufactured for this purpose. As Alex Garami of KNIPEX explains, KNIPEX manufactures a wide range of insulated tools, from crimping and cutting pliers to cable shears, from screwdrivers to insulation strippers.

KNIPEX manufactures almost every type of hand tool an electrical contractor will ever need. In fact, two apprentices helped our founder Carl Gustav Putsch set up the company way back in 1882 and we’re still a family owned company to this day. Today, people use KNIPEX tools in over 100 countries around the world.

Extensive product range With a product range of around 1,000 different pliers, KNIPEX wants to offer high quality, reliable and long lasting hand tools for professional users. Providing the perfect tools for every application – always in the most suitable design and size – is the aim. KNIPEX’s production methods and the equipment used for testing insulated tools are frequently examined, certified and monitored by the Association of German Electricians (VDE).

Each design of KNIPEX insulated pliers is authorised by the independent VDE Institute concerning safety features before a type approval is granted. All of these production and test standards offer the greatest possible protection when working with a voltage up to 1000V AC and 1500V DC. Every single KNIPEX insulated tool from its VDE range is first tested at a voltage of 10,000V AC. This represents a test load that is 10 times as high as the maximum voltage permitted during work. This safeguards the user when working.

Innovative tools With professional users like you in mind we seek to find innovative solutions that enable electricians to get their work done not only more safely, but more easily and quickly too. Continuous feedback from professionals and great efforts in research and development has led KNIPEX to achieve and maintain this excellence in quality throughout the whole product range. For instance, our innovative 3-in-1 ErgoStrip Universal Dismantling Tool features a pistol grip that makes fast and precise cable stripping easy. It’s suitable for all common round and damp-proof installation cables (e.g. NYM cable 3 x 1.5 mm2 up to 5 x 2,5 mm2), data cable (e.g. twisted pair) and coax cable. We have also recently launched the next generation of the KNIPEX 70-series classic diagonal cutters. With a 20% higher cutting force than the previous version, this ultra

powerful tool features longer cutting edges, designed with optimum cutting geometry and power transmission ratio. Its narrow head ensures good access in confined areas.

Knipex also manufactures powerful ratchet-action Cable Cutters that cut Steel Wire Armoured cable smoothly and neatly... KNIPEX also manufactures powerful ratchetaction Cable Cutters that cut Steel Wire Armoured (SWA) cable smoothly and neatly without crushing. Weighing in at just 800g and only 315mm in length, the Cable Cutters are ideal for work in confined areas. Forged from special high-grade steel, the cutters have also been oil-hardened for extra strength and power. As the handle of the tool is squeezed, the cleverly designed ratchet-action tightens the induction-hardened blades, cleanly cutting through the cable. The tool has a cleverly designed support area for putting down the pliers when cutting. Like all KNIPEX tools, the Cable Cutters are expertly engineered to be user-friendly and are a must have for electricians who work with SWA cable.  For more information visit knipex.com

SPARKS MAGAZINE | SUMMER ISSUE 2016 | TOOLS

ON THE TOOLS

KLEIN’S 10,000 CHALLENGE BEGINS #TOOLKITTHURSDAY

Every apprentice loves free stuff, so when Klein Tools and Super Rod donated over 1,500 tool kits in just four hours, they flocked to 76 City Electrical Factors (CEF) branches to grab them. Winning partnership Klein Tools has burst onto the electrical apprentice scene in England and Wales for the first time – and they’re certainly making an impression. It follows the launch of the programme in June 2015 when Klein Tools committed to a fiveyear investment, worth over a whopping £1 million to support electrical apprentices who are trained by the JTL network.

Social Media on February 4th was rife with people grinning with their shiny new toolkits, alongside the hashtag ‘toolkitthursday.’

Malcolm Duncan from Super Rod said: “Apprentices are the key to our future. CEF has nearly 400 locations across the UK, so no apprentice is ever very far away from a CEF branch.” JTL is a familiar friend to many apprentices, delivering the highest level of training available to electrical apprentices in the UK. This partnership with Klein Tools has been built with the intention that it will have a positive effect on the industry as a whole.

Support for the next generation Jon Graham, Chief Executive of JTL commented on the programme: “These tools and instructional materials give our students a great foundation at the start of their careers. We teach the importance of working with safe, quality-proven tools and this donation puts apprentices on track toward long and successful careers as electricians.” It is also great news for the electrical industry and shows a commitment by the companies involved to continue to support the development of young people in the industry. Steve Pope, General Manager for CEF said: “I have worked in this industry for over 30 years and I have never seen a programme like this in terms of scale or commitment. When CEF was asked to assist with the distribution of the Klein tool kits, we were more than happy

We teach the importance of working with safe, quality-proven tools... to get involved. With nearly 400 locations and backed up with an industry website, CEF can offer an excellent introduction to the role electrical wholesalers play in the supply chain.” This initiative will ensure that young people taking up an electrical apprenticeship will have the best start to their career and provides a welcome boost to the Government’s commitment to create 3 million apprenticeships by 2020.  cef.co.uk | kleintools.co.uk

SWITCH ON TO INDUSTRY RECOGNISED ELECTRICAL QUALIFICATIONS WITH EAL • gain the skills to deliver outstanding services in domestic, commercial and industrial settings • industry recognised qualifications in inspection and testing, periodic reporting, portable appliance testing and the 17th Edition Wiring Regulations • ensure you meet the requirements for electrotechnical industry schemes.

EAL qualifications are high quality, more demanding and make students aim higher.

David Quinton, Head of Plumbing and Electrical, South Gloucester and Stroud College

EAL Awards

EAL_Awards

01923 652400 customercare@eal.org.uk www.eal.org.uk

CLOSER TO

INDUSTRY

SPARKS MAGAZINE | SUMMER ISSUE 2016 | WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY

As apprentices, you represent the future of electrical engineering. Now we’re not saying that to scare the heebie jeebies out of you, but it does raise the fact that being a part of that future means it’s vital that you stay up-to-date with the direction in which the industry is going. To have your finger on the electrical pulse, so to speak.

THE FUTURE UNDER YOUR ROOF: BLUETOOTH IN THE SMART HOME You have undoubtedly heard the phrase ‘smart homes’ being thrown around during your training. Smart homes are usually new builds that are equipped to remotely control or program an array of automated electronic devices within the home for day-to-day use, and one of the ways people are beginning to do this is via Bluetooth.

Benefits Bluetooth offers smart home manufacturers a large degree of flexibility, as they can use custom profiles to create whatever device they want, while still functioning within the Bluetooth standard. It is also very cost effective, ensuring manufacturers can offer consumers competitive pricing.

Security is another important concern for consumers in a world filled with data privacy concerns, as Bluetooth carries Government grade 128-bit data encryption and industry leading privacy features.

Network Another major piece of the smart home puzzle is ensuring the wireless technology can cover the entire home, while maintaining the simplicity and security consumers demand. Mesh networking capabilities will be the answer to this issue by allowing Bluetooth enabled devices to network together, ensuring blanket connectivity across the home.

In 2015 more than 100 Bluetooth SIG member companies volunteered to work with SIG to create the Bluetooth architecture for standardised mesh networking capabilities. Their work is due to complete this year.

One of the early barriers to smart home product penetration has been the complexity that often comes with embracing firstgeneration technologies. Future consumers will want the confidence of knowing they can buy a smart appliance off the shelf, take it

It is predicted that by 2022 the average smart home of the future could contain more than 500 smart devices. home and set it up with ease. In order to make the act of setting up a smart home device for the first time as simple as possible, it’s important to always assume the user has zero technical knowledge and provide all the necessary instructions for installation.

The future It is predicted that by 2022 the average smart home of the future could contain more than 500 smart devices. This means the process of introducing further devices into the home should be as easy as the first. Consider the possibility of a device breaking, becoming damaged, or simply reaching the end of its lifecycle. The process of replacing the product should be built-in to make the transition entirely painless. Finally, make sure the user can establish a new, trusted relationship with the replacement device as easily as possible without the original pairing causing problems.

THE POWER TO SUPPORT YOU ALL THE WAY

the power behind your business Each year we support over 36,000 electrical contractors and renewable energy installers with technical advice, training, news and discounts on a wide range of products and services. Let us get behind you from day one of your career. To find out how to join us call 0843 290 3392

niceic.com

elecsa.co.uk

SPARKS MAGAZINE | SUMMER ISSUE 2016 | QUICK QUIZ

! E M I T K A E TEA BR Wordsearch Try to find the following words that are all Special Locations. (Answers can be left to right, right to left, up or down) A B S N E E S K U E C E H A O M C O K A G L N E I C A F N E I Y R E A E M A P S

C O S E A R T O I N G A U A T P S O I F

O I T L M T M B L C T R R I U R T H N T

N T E E A G R I C U L T U R A L R N T E

 AGRICULTURAL  BATH  BOOTH  CARAVAN  DEMOLITION  EXHIBITIONS

T A C I B I I D T C T R I N T F I C E R C L E T E W L C O A A H U N S S A T I G R O H E A T E S I C T I U D E N A S V E

N H E O C A N O A S K A N U A S E A N Q

O I T A T O X E M I W S D L A C I D D E C A L O O N O R E W T O F A A E P I A V E R Y T U A F O B I G N A R O L A R E B L O N U V L L M G I O N O E W A R G N D A T P L P R Y I W O I V E A R K D T R P A F R P L F A M C E C S I D S E B V J U

 FAIRGROUND  GANGWAY  MAINTENANCE  MARINA  MEDICAL  MOBILE

R E E L C I H E V O O G C T L E A A I Y

F M T H I O U P M A L L E X K F F H U K A I E U T A B N R I O T A T O A N P T Y S O H N P C N J O A S N R Y W J T H I I A W T O B L T Q L T H N E G Y X K L E S

 RESTRICTED  SAUNA  SHOWER  SOLAR  TRANSPORTABLE  VEHICLE

VDE

www.knipex.de

Apart from the pliers the assortment of KNIPEX insulated tools also includes everything necessary for electricians like ratchets, open end wrenches, box wrenches or nut drivers.

KNIPEX – VDE Range Insulated tools – a question of trust The Knipex VDe range encompasses everything that the electrician needs when working on live installations. in addition to products from the world of pliers, tools such as single open ended spanners, box wrenches, nut drivers, ratchets etc. are also available as insulated tools. KNIPEX insulated tools are safety-tested, one by one every single pair of pliers leaving our factory is first tested at a voltage of AC 10,000 V. This represents a test load that is 10 times the maximum voltage permitted when working. This safeguards the user when working. You can depend on Knipex tools in every situation.

KNIPEX Quality – Made in Germany

For more details about the Knipex range of tools, and for details of your nearest stockist please contact: Alex Garami – 0777 543 7469 a.garami@knipex.com

SPARKS MAGAZINE | SUMMER ISSUE 2016 | FEATURE

FIVE REASONS IT’S A GREAT IDEA TO HIRE AN APPRENTICE The ninth National Apprenticeship Week took place in March this year and we were all over it here at SPARKS Magazine. It was a great opportunity to celebrate apprenticeships and the positive impact they have on individuals, businesses and the wider economy. In 2015 businesses pledged 23,000 apprenticeships during National Apprenticeship Week, but this year a whopping 30,084 new apprenticeships were pledged, which is incredible news. Sue Husband, Director of the National Apprenticeship Service, shares five compelling business reasons why it would be daft NOT to take on an apprentice or trainee:

1. APPRENTICES DELIVER FOR EMPLOYERS LARGE & SMALL

4. FRESH PERSPECTIVES & DIGITAL SKILLS

Almost nine out of ten apprentice employers tell us that apprenticeships deliver.

Apprentices bring creativity, enthusiasm and a fresh perspective to any organisation.

Currently apprenticeships are available in 1,500 job roles in more than 170 industries. There are now more than 75 higher and degree apprenticeships available, with more in development, including foundation degrees, HNDs and full honours degrees. Apprenticeships are the new work-based route into professions that have traditionally been the preserve of graduates.

In this fast-moving digital world, employers are finding that offering apprenticeships can fill a digital skills gap in their organisation, with digitally ‘savvy’ minds helping them stay on top of the digital trends that will benefit their business.

2. APPRENTICES INCREASE PRODUCTIVITY As well as developing a motivated, skilled and qualified workforce, apprenticeships can also boost an organisation’s productivity by an average of £214 per week, making them very good for business.

In addition, 89% of employers report that apprenticeships have helped their business improve the quality of their product or service.

3. EMPLOYERS CAN GROW THEIR OWN TALENT Apprenticeships offer employers a cost-effective way to grow their own talent, in line with their workforce needs. Seven in ten apprentices stay with the same employer after completing their training, with nearly a quarter (23%) of apprentices promoted within just 12 months of finishing their apprenticeship. Employers recognise the commercial benefit of apprentices, telling us that qualified apprentices are more employable than those with other qualifications.

5. APPRENTICES ARE LEADING THE WAY Trailblazers are leading the way in developing new world class standards for apprenticeships in the UK.

Currently more than 1300 employers are collaborating to make the new standards the quality benchmark for apprenticeships. During the 2015 National Apprenticeship Week, 200 more businesses joined the Trailblazer programme. To find out more about apprenticeships, search on GOV.UK. To find out more about National Apprenticeship Week 2016, go to www.gov.uk/naw2016

FOLLOW @APPRENTICESHIPS, @TRAINEESHIPSGOV AND #NAW2016 FOR ALL THE LATEST NEWS, PICTURES AND VIDEOS

EXERCISE | SUMMER ISSUE 2016 | SPARKS MAGAZINE

Electrical Supply Systems Covering Outcome 2 of Unit 304 ‘Understand the Principles of Internal and External Earthing Arrangements for Electrical Installations for Buildings, Structures and the Environment’ (Level 3 NVQ Diploma in Installing Electro-Technical Systems and Equipment 2357-13/91 and Outcome 2 of Unit QELTK3/004A of EAL 1605)

You may find it helpful to have a copy of BS7671:2008 +A3:2015 On-Site Guide.

Q1. TN-C-S, TN-S and TT are all types of what?

Q2. State the typical cross-sectional-areas for: (a) the earthing conductor and (b) the main protective bonding conductors

installed in an installation, having a single-phase supply and a 100A maximum service cut-out fuse.

Q3. The distributor’s cut-out, energy meter and isolator switch (if provided), are the property of which person/s?

Q4. A small portable generator with an output ranging from 0.2kVA to 10kVA single-phase is likely to have a ‘floating earth’.

What does this mean?

Q5. Where a portable generator supplies electrical equipment with exposed conductive parts, an earth electrode should be

installed. What is the function of the electrode?

Go to sparks-magazine.co.uk to download exercise answers for free

SPARKS MAGAZINE | SUMMER ISSUE 2016 | EXERCISE

Revision for AC Circuit Components Covering Unit 309 Outcome 7 ‘Understand how Different Electrical Properties can Effect Electrical Circuits, Systems and Equipment’ (Level 3 NVQ Diploma in Installing Electro-Technical Systems and Equipment 2357-13/91 and Outcome 7 of Unit QELTK3/008 of EAL 1605)  TASK 1: Complete the following to provide a revision summary. Q1. If two conductive plates are arranged parallel to each other and separated by a layer of insulation, and a voltage applied

between the plates, an electric charge will be created. The description above refers to which type of electrical component?

Q2. The electric charge can be determined from the following formula. Complete the key. Q = It

Q3. The amount of charge that can be stored is determined by three factors. These are... i) ii) iii)

Q4. Complete the labels for the following diagram.

The illustration shows the basic construction of a: The name given to the insulation is the: The capacitance, (symbol C) of a capacitor is measured in:

(symbol

)

When a voltage is applied to a capacitor, a current will flow. The current will reduce in value as the capacitor reaches full charge. At full charge the current will be zero. If a charged capacitor is connected into a circuit, the stored charge will be released. The discharge current will depend on the circuit properties. Generally however, current will start high and then decrease to zero as the capacitor fully discharges.

If a capacitor is connected to an alternating current (a.c.), circuit it will for as long as the supply is connected.

and

Go to sparks-magazine.co.uk to download exercise answers for free CONTINUED ON PAGE 32

SPONSORED FEATURE | SUMMER ISSUE 2016 | SPARKS MAGAZINE

SCHNEIDER ELECTRIC TAKE IT EASY Schneider Electric blends modern design and safety in the new Easy9+ and Resi9+ circuit protection range. Traditionally, consumer units have been unsightly square boxes that were kept out of sight, hidden under stairs or in cabinets, but the Easy9+and Resi9+ ranges do not compromise on design. With a sleek, curved profile, crisp white finish and minimalistic markings, the consumer units blend seamlessly with modern home aesthetics. The customisable front offers additional flexibility allowing homeowners or electricians to enhance the look of the unit with anything from a family photograph to an advert for your business.

Good design To ensure that every install is finished neatly and is easily identifiable for the end user, both ranges now include improved labelling kits with clear pictograms and supporting text. Both ranges also include an incoming cable clamp kit option, providing a mechanical means to limit cable disturbance at the incoming device. Cabling flexibility has been enhanced by providing four large rear knockouts and additional top and bottom knockouts with left and right entries for incoming cables. Deepak Sharad, Category Marketing Manager Residential FD at Schneider Electric said, “The Easy9+ and Resi9+ ranges bring elegant, customisable design at an affordable price to an essential item which until now homeowners have had no control over. But this has not come at the expense of functionality: the ranges offer high levels of residential circuit protection safety and peace of mind to the consumer.”

Easy9+ & Resi9+ ranges For contractors, the Easy9+ and Resi9+ ranges not only deliver robust circuit protection but also provides greater flexibility and additional cabling space, with easy installation in new builds or retrofit buildings. To offer customers even less intrusion in their living space and a minimalist, modern look, the consumer units can be flush mounted, however the option remains for those who prefer surface mounting. The Easy9+ device range includes switch-disconnectors, RCCB residual current circuit breakers, RCBO residual current devices, as well as a full range of B & C curve MCBs.

 To learn more about Easy9+ device range visit www.schneider-electric.com/uk  @SchneiderUK |  SchneiderElectricUK

SPARKS MAGAZINE | SUMMER ISSUE 2016 | EXERCISE

Q5. The opposition to current flow in a capacitor in an a.c. circuit is called... (symbol:

) measured in: (unit:

symbol:

)

Q6. The capacitive reactance of a capacitor connected in an a.c. circuit depends on two factors. What are these? i)

(unit:

, symbol:

)

ii)

(unit:

, symbol:

)

Q7. If a capacitor is rated in µF (micro-farads), state the formula to find capacitive reactance and make a key stating the name

and unit symbol for each relevant part of the formula. FORMULA: KEY:

 TASK 2: Practice questions. Q1. Calculate the capacitive reactance of a capacitor rated at 125µF when it is connected into an a.c. circuit operating at 50Hz.

Q2. A capacitor has 230V applied across it and a current of 1.5A flows through it when connected to a 50Hz a.c. supply.

Determine the value, (or rating), of the capacitor in µF.

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SPARKS MAGAZINE | SUMMER ISSUE 2016 | EXERCISE

Electrical Instrument Readings Supports Unit QELTK3/008 of EAL 1605.

In the following exercise match each unit with its measured unit.

No.

MEASURED UNIT

UNIT

Current 2 x 103

36mA

Voltage 132 x 103

45000立

Resistance 150 x 106

6kW

Current 36 x 10-3

150M立

Resistance 45 x 103

20MW

Power 60 x 102

132kV

Power 20 x 106

2kA

Voltage 400 x 106

400MV

CHECK

10 =

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SPONSORED FEATURE | SUMMER ISSUE 2016 | SPARKS MAGAZINE

ROAD READY

As we all know the electrical trade keeps this country moving (not that we like to brag, of course) – whether it is domestic or commercial work, this country could not function without electricians. But even the best electricians could not function without the right equipment. From tools to clothing, tradespeople know what it is that they need to get the job done. While they might know all about wiring, for example, they may not be as confident when it comes to vans, which is another vital tool for business.

Creating the right image A van is so much more than just a mode of transport; a van is an office, and it is an advert. This means that the demands placed upon it are so much higher. A van needs to be reliable, robust, up for the job, comfortable, smart and convey the right image. A battered old, dented van doesn’t highlight that the tradesperson behind it takes pride in their work. At Mercedes-Benz Vans, we hear from our customers that the Star on the front of the grille gives off exactly the right image to their customers, and the fact that we can service our vans outside of ‘normal’ working hours means that busy tradespeople don’t need to miss out on work, as their van can be in our workshops at night.

...we can service our vans outside of ‘normal’ working hours...

MobiloVan When out on the road, our customers also benefit from MobiloVan, a free call-out service across the UK and Europe, which comes as part of the 30-year free roadside assistance cover with every Mercedes-Benz Vans vehicle purchase, to ensure they can be mobile as quickly as possible.

Across the 150 MobiloVan roadside recovery vehicles covering the UK, there is an average response time of less than an hour, with more than 80% of vehicles fixed at the roadside.

This has a direct result on the amount of uptime that Mercedes-Benz vans experience; reducing vehicle downtime is a major focus for Mercedes-Benz Vans – our customers don’t want to be left stranded en route to their next job – it can cost up to £500/day for a business’ vehicle to be ‘off the road’. It is down to manufacturers to work with this significant business community to best support them and their vehicle requirements however they can, be it through New and Approved Used offerings, servicing and maintenance, finance offerings, advice on running their vehicle fleet, or after sales care.

While tradespeople can always turn to their friends and colleagues for advice, it is up to van manufacturers to utilise all of their expertise to help – and not just on what size of vehicle. It can be anything from emissions and alternative fuels, to legislation and driver’s rights. For example, the speed limits of panel vans on A-roads, B-roads and dual carriageways is always a question many van users don’t know; vital information that could make the difference between you being a legal road user, and being pulled over by the police for breaking the law.

Quality service Understanding the role of the van itself, and the restrictions surrounding that is therefore vital, which is why at MercedesBenz Vans we like to make owning, running and driving a van as simple and straightforward to use as possible.

SPARKS MAGAZINE | SUMMER ISSUE 2016 | EXERCISE

Capacitors Covering Unit 309 Outcome 7 ‘Understand how Different Electrical Properties can Effect Electrical Circuits, Systems and Equipment’ (Level 3 NVQ Diploma in Installing Electro-Technical Systems and Equipment 2357-13/91 and Outcome 7 of Unit QELTK3/008 of EAL 1605)

Q1. COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING STATEMENT:

A capacitor consists of at least two (A), separated by an insulator called a (B). When a voltage is applied to the plates an electric can be stored. If current is made to pass through a gas or metallic vapour, such as mercury, light will be produced. This is called .

Q2. By using the letter codes in question 1, complete the

Q3. Identify the correct names for each of the capacitor

labels on the diagram.

symbols shown below

The following table illustrates some types of dielectric used in capacitor manufacture, the maximum electrical stress voltage (MV) the insulator can withstand and typical applications of the capacitors.

MATERIAL

MAX. ELECTRICAL STRESS VOLTAGE (MV)

APPLICATION

Air

Variable capacitors

Mica

100

High frequency capacitors

Paper

General purpose capacitors

Polythene

Higher quality than paper – general purpose uses

Insulating Oil

Industrial capacitors used for power factor correction

CAPACITOR FACTS Q4. Complete the missing words in the following statements.

UNIT OF CAPACITANCE: The Unit of Capacitance is the

The farad shows how much electric

QUANTITY OF STORED CHARGE: The quantity of electricity stored can be expressed as Q = CV

Q = charge measured in C = capacitance of the capacitor in farads V = the p.d. across the plates measured in volts

symbol:

can be stored in a capacitor per volt applied across the capacitor terminals.

DIMENSIONS: The capacitance of a capacitor relies on the physical dimensions of the capacitor.

a) Capacitance is directly proportional to the physical

b) Capacitance is inversely proportional to the

of the plates and the plates, i.e. the thickness of the dielectric.

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EXERCISE | SUMMER ISSUE 2016 | SPARKS MAGAZINE

ELECTRIC FIELD: When a capacitor is charged, an electric field will exist between the plates.

The electric field can be increased by

If the applied voltage exceeds the dielectric stress voltage limit, (called the ‘electric field strength’), the dielectric will resulting in a between the plates; the capacitor will be destroyed and cannot be repaired.

Electric field strength can be found by the potential difference (p.d), across the plates (V), being divided by the distance, (d) between the plates.

ENERGY STORED IN A CAPACITOR: The energy stored in a capacitor depends on its capacitance and the square of the potential difference, (p.d), across it.

the applied voltage.

E=V d

E is expressed in volts per metre

Energy (W) = ½ CV² measured in Joules

Q5. Find the energy stored in a 100µF capacitor that has a p.d. of 200V across it.

CONNECTION ARRANGEMENTS: Capacitors can be connected in series, parallel or a combination of series and parallel. Q6. Complete the following summary for the total capacitance of a capacitor. i) Capacitance will be

with a greater area of the plates.

ii) Capacitance will be

if the thickness of the dielectric is increased.

Q7. Complete the following statements for combinations of capacitors.

i) Capacitance will be increased if capacitors are connected in

with each other.

ii) Capacitance will be decreased if capacitors are connected in

with each other.

Q8. Identify two formulae that can be used to determine the total capacitance of a group of capacitors connected in

(a) series, and (b) parallel.

(a)

(b)

Q9. Two capacitors 12µF and 8µF are connected in series across a 10V dc supply. Calculate the total capacitance of this circuit.

Q10. Determine the electric charge on each of the two capacitors in question 1 opposite.

WARNING: All capacitors have the ability to retain stored charge; it is therefore dangerous to touch the terminals of a capacitor without first ensuring that it is discharged. Discharging can be carried out in a number of ways: a) By the use of a high ohm discharge resistor permanently connected across the capacitor terminals. b) By shorting - out the terminals using a substantial piece of well insulated wire.  NOTE: It is imperative that safety glasses be worn whilst discharging a capacitor as hot metallic particles could be repelled from the arc should the device be fully charged.

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SPARKS MAGAZINE | SUMMER ISSUE 2016 | EXERCISE

Revision for AC Circuit Components Covering Unit 309 Outcome 7 ‘Understand how Different Electrical Properties can Effect Electrical Circuits, Systems and Equipment’ (Level 3 NVQ Diploma in Installing Electro-Technical Systems and Equipment 2357-13/91 and Outcome 7 of Unit QELTK3/008 of EAL 1605)  TASK 1: Complete the following to provide a revision summary. Q1. When a coil of wire, such as a motor winding, transformer winding, inductor or choke (ballast), is connected to an alternating

current supply, opposition to current flow is caused by two conditions. What are these?

Q2. The combined effect of these two conditions is called... (symbol:

) measured in: (unit:

symbol:

)

Q3. The inductive reactance of a coil depends on two factors. What are these? i) The

of the a.c. supply (unit:

ii) The

of the coil (unit:

, symbol: , symbol:

) )

Q4. Label the following diagram using correct terms at (i), (ii) and (iii). i)

iii)

ii)

Q5. State the formula for inductive reactance and make a key stating the name and unit symbol for each relevant part of the formula. FORMULA: KEY:

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EXERCISE | SUMMER ISSUE 2016 | SPARKS MAGAZINE

ď&#x201A;Š TASK 2: Practice questions. Q1. Calculate the inductive reactance of a coil of 0.26H, when it is connected into an a.c. circuit operating at 50Hz.

Q2. A coil has 200V measured across it and a current of 1.85A flowing through it when connected to a 50Hz a.c. supply.

Determine the value, (or rating), of the inductor, in henrys.

Q3. Determine the current flowing through a coil of 0.65H when connected to a 230V 60Hz a.c. supply.

Q4. Calculate the voltage across an inductor of 0.25H when the current flowing through it is 2.65A at 48Hz.

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SPARKS MAGAZINE | SUMMER ISSUE 2016 | EXERCISE

Initial Verification of Electrical Installations Covering Unit 307 ‘Understand Principles, Practices and Legislation for the Inspection, Testing Commissioning and Certification of Electro-technical Systems and Equipment in Buildings, Structures and the Environment’ (Level 3 NVQ Diploma in Installing ElectroTechnical Systems and Equipment 2357-13/91 and Unit QELTK3/006 of EAL 1605)  TASK 1: Complete the following questions regarding the principles, practices and legislation for the initial verification of electrical installations. (Refer to the IET Guidance Note 3 for precise answers)

Q1. State two occasions when initial verification can be carried out.

Q2. Identify two aspects of BS7671 that initial verification will confirm.

Q3. When an inspector carries out an initial verification, explain why inspection and testing can only be ‘so far as is

reasonably practicable’?

Q4. Identify the three BS7671 generic requirements for items to be verified during the initial verification procedure.

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EXERCISE | SUMMER ISSUE 2016 | SPARKS MAGAZINE

Q5. State the correct title of the statutory document that concerns inspection and test records, and identify the length of time

records must be kept.

Q6. Briefly explain the meaning of the term ‘relevant criteria’ in respect to the initial verification process.

Q7. State who is responsible for comparing and verifying inspection and test results with relevant criteria for an installation.

Q8. State the correct titles of three certificates that apply to a new installation or additions to an existing installation.

Q9. List three items of required information regarding the assessment of general characteristics for an installation.

Q10. The Health and Safety at Work etc… Act 1974 requires relevant information to be available for what purpose?

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SPARKS MAGAZINE | SUMMER ISSUE 2016 | EXERCISE

Periodic Inspection & Testing of Electrical Installations Covering Unit 307 â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Understand Principles, Practices and Legislation for the Inspection, Testing Commissioning and Certification of Electro-technical Systems and Equipment in Buildings, Structures and the Environmentâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; (Level 3 NVQ Diploma in Installing ElectroTechnical Systems and Equipment 2357-13/91 and Unit QELTK3/006 of EAL 1605)

Which one of the following is concerned principally with Part 6 of BS7671?

Ans.

Electrical shock hazards may arise from parts of an electrical installation, especially...

Electricity at Work Regulations 1989

Resistive loads

Building Regulations

Electric heating systems

Electricity, Safety, Quality & Continuity Regulations

Voltages on earthed metalwork

IET Guidance Note 3

Capacitive loads

To enable an electrically skilled person to construct an installation and to commission it, which document is required?

IET BS7671:2008

Electricity at Work Regulations 1989

The Specification

Part P of the Building Regulations

Precise details regarding electrical equipment to be installed must be obtained from...

Q6 Ans.

Ans.

The responsibilities of an inspector are each of the following, except...

No danger occurs to persons, livestock and property during testing

Comparing the test results with design criteria

Consider the condition of the installation and advise accordingly

Issue prohibition notices

The requirement for inspecting and testing the electrical installation for a house of multiple occupancy, is that it must be inspected and tested at least...

The equipment manufacturer

Annually

The client

Every two years

Main contractor

Every five years

Electricity supplier

Every ten years

Electrical test instruments should conform to which of the following British Standards?

Ans.

When inspecting an installation for the first time, the purpose is to verify each of the following except when...

No part of the installation is damaged

Test results comply with previously obtained data

EAWR 1989

Parts of the fixed installation are correctly selected and erected

BS EN 61557

Installed electrical equipment is of the correct type

HS (G) 141

HSE Guidance

c d

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Ans.

EXERCISE | SUMMER ISSUE 2016 | SPARKS MAGAZINE

Records concerning the condition of the electrical installation of domestic or non-domestic premises may be required by each of the following, except...

The person carrying out the inspection and testing

The owner of the premises

The occupant of the premises

The main building contractor

Q10

A re-inspection and next test date for an existing installation is decided by...

The client

Electrical designer

Electrical contractor

The person carrying out the inspection and testing

The first three tests to be carried out on a

Ans.

Q13 typical domestic 32A socket circuit is likely

Ans.

Continuity of protective conductor / continuity of ring final conductors / insulation resistance

Continuity of protective conductor / polarity / insulation resistance

Continuity of protective conductor / insulation resistance / polarity

Insulation resistance / polarity / continuity of protective conductors

Q14

A thermographic survey on electrical equipment is usually carried out on...

Switch-gear in domestic premises before completion

Switch-gear in commercial and industrial premises during use

by different persons, requires the issue of...

Any switch-gear during mechanical maintenance procedures

A Minor Works Certificate

Electrical cable routes in all premises

Electrical Installation Certificate

Schedule of test results

NICEIC membership

Completion of the electrical design,

Q11 construction and inspection, when carried out

Q12 Inspection can be undertaken...

Ans.

to be...

Ans.

A radial circuit 50m in length is wired with a cable having 4.61mΩ/m, (mΩ per metre), Q15 at 20°C. The expected cable resistance when carrying out a Method 2 continuity test is likely to be...

Throughout different stages of construction

2305Ω

On completion of the installation

2.305Ω

On completion of the construction

0.460Ω

If required during commissioning of the installation

0.2305Ω

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Ans.

SPARKS MAGAZINE | SUMMER ISSUE 2016 | EXERCISE

Cable Selection: Revision Multiple-choice Questions Covering Outcome 6 of Unit 305, ‘Understand the Practices and Procedures for Installing Wiring Systems, Associated Equipment and Enclosures’, (Level 3 NVQ Diploma in Installing Electro-Technical Systems and Equipment 2357-13/91 and Outcome 6 of Unit QELTK3/006 of EAL 1605)

The term Ib is used to identify which one of the following?

Current rating of the circuit protective device

Rating factor for ambient temperature

Current rating of the cable

Design current of the circuit

If a BS3036 semi-enclosed fuse is to be used to protect a cable, the correct symbol and rating factor is...

Ans.

In cable selection, when applying a rating factor for ‘groups’, which of the following statements is correct?

Factors apply to the number of cores in the cable

Factors apply to the number of circuits existing

Factors apply to the number of circuits in total

Factors apply to the cores in a multi-core cable

The current rating of a single-core 16mm², 70ºC thermoplastic insulated, non-armoured cable, clipped direct to a surface and supplying a three-phase load is?

0.725

0.735

87A

0.500

79A

0.250

68A

61A

Identify the correct symbol and rating factor for a cable installed in contact with thermal insulation for 400mm of its length.

Ans.

The mV/A/m rating for a 10mm² multi-core armoured 70ºC thermoplastic insulated cable supplying a single–phase load is...

0.88

4.4

0.78

3.8

Cs 0.63

2.8

2.4

0.51

The recommended maximum voltage drop allowance for a lighting circuit is...

Ans.

The current and mV/A/m rating for a 2.5mm² 70ºC thermoplastic insulated cable installed to Method 101 is...

27A and 18mV/A/m

21A and 18mV/A/m

17A and 18mV/A/m

13A and 29mV/A/m

Ans.

The reference method to be used to determine

An extra-low nominal voltage is...

Ans.

Q10 current-carrying capacity of non-sheathed cables enclosed in conduit on a masonry wall, is...

25V

Reference Method A

200V

Reference Method B

230V

Reference Method C

250V

Reference Method D

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Ans.

FEATURE | SUMMER ISSUE 2016 | SPARKS MAGAZINE

TESTING TIMES

If you’re busy preparing for your AM2, and particularly Section B: Inspection and Testing of the completed composite installation, then you’re probably thinking about what test equipment you need because the kit which you choose now will soon become an integral part of your working life.

 SO WHAT DO YOU NEED TO LOOK OUT FOR? Play it safe The main thing to think about is safety and this is where the Standard EN 61010 comes into play because it puts safety first every time. Manufacturers must meet all of the specifications it sets out, in order to receive the CE label and products are rated in safety categories from I to IV. In theory, the level of safety that you need is determined by the tasks, which you are carrying out. For example, if you are only using the tester for measurements which are typically performed on voltages from electronic circuits then you only need equipment rated CAT I. Conversely, CAT IV rated testers are required if you will be using it to test outside wiring that could be exposed to high current spikes such as lightning. But….and this is a big but, even if the tester you are using is rated correctly for the job you’re doing, it won’t protect you from a

voltage spike. The advice is therefore to aim high and go for products such as Klein Tools’ Tough Meters, which are rated at CAT IV 600V - the highest rated meters on the market. The Ingress Protection rating (IP) is another key factor to look out for as it reveals just how robust your test gear will be over time.

Products with an IP rating undergo a series of tests that have been devised to penetrate electronic equipment with both solid objects and liquids. Once again, it is important to aim high and look for products such as the Auto-Ranging Multi-Meter which is rated at IP67, and thus provides complete protection from just about anything, in both solid or liquid form, which the work site throws at it.

It’s not hands free Fall survival is also important because as we all know, accidents happen – and they always seem to happen to your most expensive kit! The knowledge that it isn’t going to be smashed to pieces with the slightest fall is therefore worth paying for, so look for the UL/IEC standard which requires products to emerge unscathed from a drop of three

The Ingress Protection rating (IP) is a key factor to look out for as it reveals just how robust your test gear will be over time. feet onto a 50mm thick hardwood board supported by rigid steel or concrete. This is no mean feat and certainly separates the good from the bad – the Dual-Range, Non-Contact Voltage Tester passed tests, which involved over 20 drops from 9.8 ft. Test equipment isn’t cheap so if you’re kitting yourself out you want to make sure that it is built to last. If you follow these guidelines you won’t go far wrong and once your AM2 is complete you can step out into your career knowing that you have a good set of tools backing you up on every job.  Visit kleintools.co.uk

SPARKS MAGAZINE | SUMMER ISSUE 2016 | EXERCISE

Electro-Technical Science Revision Quiz Covering Unit 309 (Level 3 NVQ Diploma in Installing Electro-Technical Systems and Equipment 2357-13/91 and Unit QELTK3/008 of EAL 1605)

 TRUE OR FALSE: For each question decide if the answer or statement is true or false. You may need to refer to your notes,

text books or, where necessary, complete a calculation to see if the answer is correct or not.

Electric current flows when a potential - difference is connected across a completed circuit.

Conventional electric current flows from the negative to the positive terminal in a circuit supplied by a battery.

The unit measurement for potential-difference is Amperes.

Energy is measured in Joules and represents the ‘ability to do work’.

The ‘rate of doing work’ is measured in Watts and can be found from the formula: P = V x I or P = U x I

The resistance of a conductor decreases with increasing length and increases with decreasing cross-sectional-area.

The symbol represents a semi-conductor diode.

ANSWER TRUE

The right-hand ‘grip’ rule is used when trying to determine the direction of current flow in a coil.

The force exerted on a current-carrying conductor when it is lying at right-angles in a magnetic field can be found by applying Flemings’ RIGHT-HAND rule.

Q10

The ‘incandescent’ lamp works on the principle of an electric current flowing through a filament.

FALSE

ANSWER TRUE

FALSE

ANSWER TRUE

FALSE

ANSWER TRUE

FALSE

ANSWER TRUE

FALSE

ANSWER TRUE

FALSE

ANSWER TRUE

FALSE

ANSWER TRUE

FALSE

ANSWER TRUE

FALSE

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REGULATIONS | SUMMER ISSUE 2016 | SPARKS MAGAZINE

IN THE KNOW: YOUR REGULATIONS UPDATE Collaboration across the electrical and fire safety industry has led to some potentially life-saving changes to consumer units which Amendment 3 (2015) of the IET Wiring Regulations BS 7671:2008 now includes, writes Charlie Pugsley, Group Manager of London Fire Brigade’s Fire Investigation Team. The Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET) launched Amendment 3 to the IET Wiring Regulations BS 7671:2008 in January 2015. This latest Amendment sets out the national standard to which all new and amended electrical installations are to comply and features a number of important new changes.

Amendment 3 outlined One of the most important changes comes in the form of Regulation 421.1.201, which came into effect on 1st January 2016. As a result of this regulation, consumer units and similar switchgear assemblies will need to comply with BS EN 61439-3 and have their enclosure manufactured from noncombustible material, or enclosed in a cabinet or enclosure constructed of non-combustible material and comply with Regulation 132.12. Although this may seem like a relatively minor amendment to the IET Wiring Regulations, it has the potential to save lives. By collaborating with a number of industry stakeholders, including the IET, ESF and BEAMA, London Fire Brigade hopes to cut the number of domestic fires in the UK significantly.

London Fire Brigade has seen an increase in the number of household fires that involve consumer units over the last few years. The Fire Investigation Team has looked carefully at the cause of those fires and established that there were issues with high resistance connections where cables weren’t terminated correctly. Where this occurs, the chances of localised heating, arcing and, in extreme cases, fires are greatly increased.

Another issue was a large batch of noncompliant circuit-breakers subject to a recall, which added to the spike. However, it simply wasn’t enough for us to draw conclusions based on evidence from the scenes of fires the Brigade had attended. We therefore, set about performing a number

of controlled tests. Our initial analysis was confirmed and the evidence raised a number of concerns about the flammability of the plastic enclosures of consumer units. In collaboration with ESF, we performed further testing on five more consumer units, produced by the leading manufacturers, all of which returned similar results. DCLG also commissioned their own tests with BRE once the JPEL/64 working group (a subcommittee set up specifically to look at the issue of consumer unit fires) was up and running. In addition to the flammability of the materials used to make plastic consumer units, the location of many domestic consumer units has also been a cause for concern when it comes to fires. As many units in the UK are often located under stairs or behind front doors, any fire could potentially block traditional escape routes. What’s more, many people are likely to store a number of household items under the stairs – this again presenting serious consequences should a fire occur as a result of a faulty and poorly installed consumer unit.

Evidence Over the years, London Fire Brigade has built up a solid base of evidence regarding

fires caused by consumer units. As a result we’ve worked with stakeholders in the electrical industry to share our knowledge and find a way forward in order to tackle the issues surrounding consumer units. Much of our collaboration with the electrical industry was performed through the JPEL/64 working group which put forward its recommendations for changes to the IET Wiring Regulations in Amendment 2 to BS 7671:2008 in 2013. The culmination of this collaborative approach can be seen in the relevant changes to BS 7671:2008+A3:2015, which was published 5th January 2015. The new requirements concerning consumer units in Regulation 421.1.201 came into effect on 1st January 2016, providing manufacturers’ time to produce enclosures in sufficient quantities. By using our insight and knowledge, and continuing to collaborate with organisations like the IET, we hope we can prevent as many domestic fires as possible, which are caused as a result of faulty consumer units. This new amendment will certainly go some way in ensuring this happens in 2016 and beyond.

 The IET Wiring Regulations is available now, both in print and via digital subscription; more information and orders are available now at theiet.org/amend3-books-pr

SPARKS MAGAZINE | SUMMER ISSUE 2016 | PRODUCTS AND SERVICES

PRODUCTS & SERVICES

If you would like the professional electricians of the future to know about your products or services, why not advertise in this section? It’s cost effective and your brand will reach around 12,000 electrical students throughout the UK.  Call 0870 774 3049 for details.

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SNICKERS KNEEPADS

The new Snickers ALLROUND WorkTrousers have a new, contemporary design packed with innovative features that focus on fit, comfort and freedom of movement using hardwearing fabrics for long lasting protection. They have superior knee protection, built-in leg ventilation and a stretch gusset for extra freedom of movement. Made from a hardwearing nylon ‘Dobby Pro’ fabric with Cordura reinforcements, they not only have a host of handy pockets, but they also boast extra features, like an advanced side-panel design that gives superior weight distribution when carrying tools and fixings.  snickersworkwear.co.uk

Snickers Kneepads are specially designed to provide the most effective and top quality protection by moulding around your knees. This way, they not only provide maximum comfort on rough, damp ground, but more importantly ward off any knee problems and long term injuries. Ergonomically designed to suit a wide range of on-site working environments, every Kneepad has been made so that they are comfortable to wear. This way, they are suitable if you are floor laying, working in a tough environment, or just in need of all-round knee protection.  snickersworkwear.co.uk

If you would like your product or service featured in this section, email press releases to: editor@sng-publishing.co.uk

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07785 506 262

ELECTRICAL SAFETY | SUMMER ISSUE 2016 | SPARKS MAGAZINE

Ever wondered what the things we are warned about would look like if they ever did actually catch fire? Then look no further. These photos from Electrical Safety First show the consequences of overloading plug sockets and leaving things switched on after leaving the house. Stay safe!

Washing machine

Hair straig

hteners

Tumble dr ye

Overloade

d socket

If you are worried you might be overloading your plug sockets at home, try the Socket Overload Calculator on our website at

sparks-magazine.co.uk/try-the-socket-overload-calculator A big thank you to our friends at Electrical Safety First for supplying us with these photos. Check out their website for more information on how to be savvy with your electrics:

electricalsafetyfirst.org.uk

to ected air r conn h Adapto reclining c & heater

Hover board