1st bml conference manual 2013 by Tenzin kunsang

BODY, MIND & LIFE CONFERENCE

26 - 28 June, 2013 Men-Tsee-Khang, Dharamsala, India དབུས་བོད་ཀྱི་སྨན་རྩིས་ཁང་།

Contents Organising Body

Advisors:

Mr. Tashi Tsering Phuri (Director, Men-Tsee-Khang)

1. Message from His Holiness the 14th Dalai Lama

Dr. Tsewamg Tamdin (Attending physician to His Holiness the Dalai

Lama and chairman of High Level Tibetan Medicine and Astro. Council)

2. Forward 3

Organizing Committee Members:

Geshe Tenpa Tashi: Chairman

3. Introduction 5

Dr. Sonam Dolma (Menrampa): Member Dr. Sonam Dolkar Oshoe: Member

4. Program and Abstracts 9 5. Biographies of the Speakers

Staffs: Ms. Tsechu Lhamo: Correspondance Coordinator Ms. Dawa Dolma: Travel Coordinator

Audio & visual incharge:

Mr. Kunchok Tenzin (Tsirampa)

6. Acknowledgement 42

Ms. Tenzin Kunsang Mr. Tsering Paljor

Translators:

Tibetan Buddhist Philosophy: Mr.Tenzin Gyaltsen (LTWA, Dharamsala)

Tibetan Medicine: Dr. Sonam Dolma (Men-Tsee-Khang, Dharamsala)

Tibetan Astrology: Mr. Kunchok Dhondup (Men-Tsee-Khang, Dharamsala)

Modern Science: Mr. Karma Thupten (LTWA, Dharamsala)

Layout and design:

Dr. Sonam Dolkar Oshoe

Body, Mind & Life Conference

iii

Message from His Holiness the 14th Dalai Lama

â&#x20AC;&#x153;The traditional way of studying Tibetan Medicine has been confined to merely believing and revering it as a sacred teaching of Buddha rather than logically analyzing the meaning of the text. If we remain contented only with the transmitted practices and describe the practices simply as a teaching of Buddha or as a lineage transmission then it would be inappropriate and illogical. Even believing the teachings of Buddha should be fully assured belief based on logical reasons. We should analyze our vast system through thorough understanding of the logic behind the transmitted medical practice combined with realistic explanations by the modern scientists; we should analyze our vast system. In depth evaluation of personal and othersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; experiences should be made too. This will assist to explain convincingly the logical reasons behind the practice and will in turn help to portray the efficacy of Tibetan Medicine to everyone, irrespective of whether the person is a believer of Buddha or a non-believerâ&#x20AC;?. Body, Mind & Life Conference

3 Body, Mind & Life Conference

Introduction

With homage to His Holiness the 14th Dalai Lama, we extend our respect to all the members of the Sangha, the eminent speakers, the guests and the participants. This is an important historical event when speakers from the four domains of Tibetan Buddhism, Tibetan Medicine, Tibetan Astrology and Modern Science have gathered together for three days at Men-Tsee-Khang to discuss “Body, Mind and Life”. Background of the Conference: Diversity in the social structure and customs, differences in the roots and characteristics of the new and old traditions have strongly influenced and shaped the individual perspectives of the oriental and occidental culture. These differences paved a way to explore and evaluate the different mental potentials of different cultures and thereby opened a new arena to unravel the unique values and benefits of various traditions. Apart from the unique heritage of Tibetan people called “sdrung lde’u bon gsum”, which prevailed in Tibet from a very early age, the great Dharma Kings, the translators and the saints brought the flawless spiritual lineage of the Nalanda to Tibet. Currently, Tibetan Buddhist Philosophy has become a unique tradition of Tibetans, and it justifiably represents Tibet. As Buddha said; “O monks and wise men, just as a goldsmith would test the gold by burning, cutting and rubbing it, so must you examine my words and not accept them merely out of reverence for me”, Nalanda scholars like Acharya Nagarjuna studied all the texts of Buddha and analyzed his words thoroughly through the three-fold analysis of the goldsmith. The great scholars in the past made thorough analyses of the Buddha’s words using the four logics and differentiated the interpretable meanings and the definitive meanings. They properly commented on the meaning of the sutras using the four-fold methods and the six extremes. Likewise, the eminent scholars of Tibet also transmitted the great tradition of rational analysis, study, reflection and meditation. Tibetan Medicine and Astrology are comprehensive systems based on their indigenous foundations, and further developed with the synthesis of the essence of other systems prevailing in neighboring countries. These systems have a valid history of having successfully served humanity for thousands of years. Chebu Trishey, son of Toenpa Sherab Mewoche (400-500 B.C.) composed many treatises on Body, Mind & Life Conference

Introduction

Tibetan Medicine. The first international Medical Conference was gloriously held in Samye

extremely backward and superstitious. The unfortunate wrath of the Cultural Revolution

Monastery (Central Tibet) during the reign of the King, Trisong Deutsen in the 7th century.

and its drastic effect on our culture is a story well-known to the open and free world.

Many famous physicians from western Tibet (Shang Shung and Dholpo), eastern Tibet (Hasha

Though there are people who regard all ancient knowledge as backward and all contemporary

and Drugu),

India, China, Nepal and Taksik (Persia) have participated in the conference. The

knowledge as perfect and vice versa, His Holiness the Dalai Lama since his childhood has

senior Yuthok Yonten Gonpo composed the first draft of the Gyud-bZhi (the Four Medical

familiarized himself with scientific studies, with an apparent goal of providing service to others

Tantras),

which is based on indigenous medical knowledge of ancient Tibet and was also

through integrating the values of traditional Tibetan knowledge with useful contemporary

integrated with the essence of other medical systems of the neighboring countries. He also

knowledge of modern science. As a result of his farsighted efforts in actively engaging with

established the first medical school in Konpo Menlung in the 8th century and pioneered the

renowned scientists and exchanging ideas, dialogues, investigations and studies since the

standardization of course syllabi for the respective medical degrees of Durawa, Kachupa,

1980s, it has led to the acceptance of Buddhist philosophy as an important part of science. More

Rabjampa and Bumrampa. It was believed that he enrolled around three hundred students.

significantly, the topic on nature and function of mind which was barely discussed among the

Since that time, Tibetan medical knowledge was transmitted down through its lineage and

scientists in the past has now become an essential topic of scrutiny in the eyes of science. This has

disseminated by the eminent physicians using four valid cognitions (valid logic, valid experience,

indirectly uplifted the foundations of Tibetan Medical Psychology in a huge way.

valid composition and valid self).

It is one of the oldest known medical traditions, having the

It is because of His Holiness the Dalai Lama and his kind guidance that the Tibetan tradition as a

potential to treat both mental and physical illness, and is one of the most comprehensive

whole, and specifically the vast and profound concept of subtle and gross mental levels of Tibetan

systems that have answers and antidotes against a multitude of diseases.

Buddhism, has now come to the forefront of modern research studies, instead of remaining

Researchers on Tibetan culture generally categorize Tibetan Medical Psychology into

confined in the closets of the Buddhists alone. This has led to an extraordinary analysis and review

three intervals; the sprouting period (early 7th century during Dharma King Songtsen Gampo), the

of Tibetan Buddhist philosophy, which had never happened in the past.

development period (Dharma King Trisong Deutsen to Tri Ralpachen) and the stagnation period

The inclusion of some necessary scientific study into the core curriculum of Tibetan monastic

(till to this day).

Tibetan Medical Psychology is not independently defined as a separate

institutions is also a ground-breaking move, spearheaded by His Holiness the Dalai Lama. We are

treatment system because of its indivisible connection and influence from Tibetan Buddhist

extremely thankful to him and we also acknowledge with thanks the institutions and centres which

Philosophy (treasure house of psychology).

have help organize these events.

Tibetan Astrology is a composite body of the Ancient Tibetan Astrological Science, Indian Shiv Sarvodaya and Kalachakra Tantra and Chinese Elemental Astrology. Having such a

Objective

unique constitution in itself, it has a history of benefitting innumerable people for more than

In this era of ever-escalating mental problems due to strong competition, greed induced by the

two thousand years. With the hard work and dedication put forward by our great ancestors

material world and unnecessary discursive thoughts, there is an urgent need to emphasize mental

in rationally analyzing, debating, creating and developing our traditions mainly through

protection, and to generate positive mental reform through inculcating education and bringing

productive internal interaction and external integration, it has thus resulted in the creation

real practice. In order to further develop the basic education and practice pertaining to mental

of a precious cultural legacy which the Tibetans proudly flaunt in this modern twenty-first

ethics and mental health, and particularly to create an independent and standard foundation for

century.

psychology, the necessary concepts of psychology from the Buddhist Sutras and modern scientific

In the late 1950â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s communist China brutally invaded Tibet and destroyed Tibetan cultural

compositions should be assimilated into the already existing Tibetan Medical psychology.

heritages, including Tibetan Buddhism and other fields of studies, by proclaiming them

The obscured instructions on mental health education and the three secret practices that are passed

Body, Mind & Life Conference

Introduction

Program & Abstracts

down through the lineages should be continuously transmitted and disseminated. Clinical research

Day One (Wednesday, June 26)

on these theories should also be carried out. The main objective of this conference is to introduce the possibility of research trials based on the amalgamation of those primitive and modern concepts of psychology and mental health, which could assist in laying a solid foundation for an innovative mental health education. And through polishing the solid foundation with personal experiences an actual practice of such a concrete psychology could be attained. Thus this conference not only signifies the importance of mental health and moral ethics, but it also highlights the value of social wellbeing and environmental awareness. We are fully confident that the presentations of the eminent speakers and the ideas of the participants of this conference will definitely serve our objective. Brief overview of the Conference:

Morning Session:

Inaugural Function

Evening Session Topic:

General Concept of Body, Mind and Life

Session 1:

02:00pm - 02:30pm

Speaker:

Ven. Nun Tashi Lhamo

Field:

Tibetan Buddhist Philosophy

The conference will witness an intense dialogue on five topics by the presenters from

Abstract:

the four domains of Tibetan Buddhism, Tibetan Medicine, Tibetan Astrology and Modern

The nature of coarse body is an assemblage of its numerous parts. In human physiology

Science. We request your kind consideration in going through the detailed program

chapter of “gser phreng”, body is described as an aggregation or collection of its bodily

schedule of the conference at the back of the booklet, where the presenters and moderators

parts. “rim-lnga” defines body as an accumulation, heap or aggregation. This implies

are clearly specified.

that the coarse body is made up of elements. Particularly, the coarse body signifies the

Lastly, we hope that the three-day seminar will contribute immensely to the mental and

assemblage of the five aggregates, which results in the formation of parts like the head, feet

physical wellbeing of all sentient beings. May all the aspirations of His Holiness the Dalai

and hands. It can also be understood while meditating on the concept of impure body as

Lama be fulfilled, and may he live a long and a healthy life.

stated in the ‘Mindfulness of Body Training’. Body can be classified into three types: the external, the internal, and the inclusion of both.

Chairman

The nature of subtle body as elucidated in“Sher ‘grdrel ke ta ka” is a conglomeration of

Organizing members

numerous parts. According to this concept, the body, which is composed of flesh and bone

Body, Mind & Life Conference

having specific form or shape, is a basis of designation, not the body itself. The lower

June 26, 2013

philosophical tenets do not consider it as body. The very subtle body is a mere unification of loong and mind that is attained through meditation. According to Tantric tradition, union of channel, loong and the ultimate drop forms the subtle body and the loong, which rides on the four kinds of emptiness, is said to be the very subtle body. Particularly, the body can be categorised into elemental body, conceptualized body, intermediate state body, mind body, illusory body and rainbow body.

Body, Mind & Life Conference

Program & Abstracts

Generally Mind is similar to the other mental factors surrounding it. The Great Exposition School followers propound that the differentiation between merit and demerit leads to mind,

Field:

Tibetan Medicine

the five sense cognitions like form lead to mental process and consciousness of an object

Abstract:

of observation leads to consciousness. The followers of Sutra School claim that mind is the

The fourth chapter of the Explanatory Tantra of Tibetan Medicine explains the classification

result of accumulation of merit and demerit based on karmic imprints: when it becomes the

of the human body into four main sections. These four sections are,

basis it is called the mental process and when it becomes the one that depends on the basis

The required amount of the three principle energies, the seven bodily constituents and the

it is called the consciousness. The followers of Yogic-Practice School describe mind as the

three wastes; the network of interconnecting bodily channels; the vulnerable parts of the

substratum consciousness, mental process as the afflictive emotion and consciousness as

body and the two body passages.

engaging consciousness. These are actually regarded as synonyms.

The state of the human mind is understood through its characteristics and function. Knowing

The defining characteristic of conceptual mind is awareness. The defining characteristic of

the defining characteristics of mind and its mental factors is essential to know the true

cognition is clarity and knowing. Thus the conceptual mind, cognition and consciousness are

mind.The life portrays the union of life-sustaining loong and one’s consciousness into the

said to be synonyms. The clear and knowing, that is the defining characteristic of cognition

present body. The Tibetan medical text “Gyud bzhi” states that the nerves and blood vessels

and clear light which is the characteristic of mind in “Nam drel” and the clear light mind

are the basis of our life. According to the commentary of “yan lag brgyad pa’i snying po”

in “rGyud bLa ma” are different from each other. The level of coarseness and subtleness

called “smen-‘tsho-ba’imdo”, it is stated that there are ten sites where life force resides,

of mind directly corresponds to its nature. But in terms of its subject, the five sensory

and these are the channels of head, tongue, throat, blood, heart, navel, urinary bladder,

consciousnesses are regarded as coarse, and the six root afflictive emotions, the twenty

regenerative fluid, nutritional essence and anus. It is also mentioned that the life sustaining

secondary afflictions and the eighty self-contained reaction patterns and its associated mind

loong prevails in the head and assists in sustaining life. As per “Bee sngon” the role of the

are regarded as subtle. The mind in the form of four emptinesses is in its subtlest form but

three different types of channels (wind channel, blood channel and fluid channel) are also

the six root afflictions and others can be perceived by every individual, since it is not hidden

mentioned.

from one’s own mind. Therefore the nature of subtle and coarse mental levels can be categorized on the basis of understanding the states of mind. The way of identification of life is categorized under two major schools of thought, which are the Sutra system and the Tantra system. Under Sutra system there are the Great Exposition School, the Sutra School and the Yogic-Practice School thoughts.

Session 2:

02:30pm - 03:00pm

Speaker:

Dr. Thupten Gyaltsen, Menrampa

Session 3:

03:00pm - 03:30pm

Speaker:

Mr. Tenzin Nyendrak, Tsirampa

Field:

Tibetan Astrological Science

Abstract: Tibetan Astrology is the consolidation of indigenous Tibetan Astrology and the Astrological knowledge integrated from China and India in the later years. Traditional Tibetan Astrology has three integral parts of the indigenous Tibetan Astrology, the Chinese Astrology and the Indian Astrology. Tibetan Astrology is one of the pillars of Tibetan culture and we make

Body, Mind & Life Conference

Program & Abstracts

use of it for every occasion. Kalachakra Tantra, being the backbone of Tibetan Astrology, is the most authentic source to explain the general concept of body, mind and life.

Field:

Modern Science

Kalachakra Tantra has three parts, namely, the External Kalachakra Tantra, the internal

Abstract:

Kalachakra Tantra and the Alternative Kalachakra Tantra. The treatise also explains the

The human brain is the interpreter of our senses, controller of movement and in fact

relationship between the three.

responsible for all we embrace as civilisation.It consists of about 100 billion nerve cells

The formation of the outer universe as explained in the external Kalachakra, has to be

which are interconnected through a million billion connections measuring up to 3.2 million

explained before the formation of life, followed by the explanation of essential nature of

kilometre of wiring. This wiring is essential for performing simplest to the most complex

sentient beings and the correlation between the formation of external universe and human

tasks. In the last two decades we have witnessed an explosion of knowledge in neuroscience.

beings.

The stage is set for a more thorough understanding of the brain and for translating this

This will answer briefly about the formation of human life. For the survival of the beings,

knowledge into strategies to protect the brain from the vagaries of nature, both genetic

life depends on the loong energy and therefore understanding the functions and movements

and environmental. In order to achieve this goal,neuroscience research has accommodated

of the loong energy is indispensible.

multidisciplinary methods integrating the many levels of functional organisation of the

Similarly, Chinese Elemental Astrology consists of three parts: external, internal and the

brain, from molecules to neurons to networks to systems and behaviour.

alternative, and how the three are correlated and interconnected with each other. It also

Apart from the interest in understanding how the brain performs cognitive functions and

explains about how the five elemental forces of life, vitality, fortune and luck give rise to

finding links between behaviour, brain and mind, there are serious health related issues.

both happiness and sufferings.

Brain-related disorders affect large sections of population and contribute up to one-third

In the modern society, a person is declared dead with the ceasing of breath. However,

of the total disease burden in both developing and developed nations. From birth to old

according to Tibetan astrology, the subtle wind element and consciousness still reside in

age, a host of neurological and mental illnesses afflict mankind. Most of these are poorly

the body even though external breathing stops, and therefore the person is actually not

understood and treatments are palliative rather than curative. Through the study of the

yet dead. A person is considered dead only when the internal subtle wind element and

normal brain and its disorders, brain research can help development of children, enrich

consciousness leave the body.

adult life, and help us age gracefully.

03:30pm - 03:45pm

Tea Break

Session 4:

03:45pm - 04:15pm

Speaker:

Prof. Dr. Vijayalakshmi Rabindranath

Body, Mind & Life Conference

04:15pm - 04:45pm

Discussion Among the Scholars

04:45pm - 05:30pm

Open Discussion (Q&A)

Body, Mind & Life Conference

Program & Abstracts

Day Two (Thursday, June 27)

is the nature of the mind. It is the nature of the cognition only. It is the mind having the

Morning Session

inherent nature to perceive the actuality, such as the clear nature of the blue color. Of the mind and the secondary mental factors, consciousness refers to the mind only. Mind actually has six consciousnesses, the five sensory consciousnesses and the mental consciousness;

Topic:

Seed of Body, Mind and Life

Session 5:

09:00am - 09:30am

Speaker:

Ven. Geshe Lharampa Chesa Drungchen Rinpoche

Field:

Tibetan Buddhist Philosophy

when we talk of mind in this context it should be understood as the mental consciousness. In the texts such as “choem ngon pa bye brag tub shad pa chenpo”, “tshad ma rnam ’grel”and the commentaries of the “tshad ma rnam ’grel”, it was mentioned that the mental consciousness of our past life acts as the substantial cause, and is the direct cause of this life’s mental consciousness. It was also mentioned in the “mzhod rtsaba” that the impelling karma accumulated through the chain of many past lives acts as the cooperative condition, and serves as the condition of this life’s mental consciousness.

Abstract:

Generally, life is known as the duration, which serves as the basis for the heat and the

Generally a body is understood as an assemblage of many parts. According to the Buddhist

consciousness. According to the “mzhod rtsaba”, it was mentioned that life is the lifespan

text of “smras gom tshon cha”, it says that the term collection, body and assemblage are

during which the heat and the consciousness finds its basis. Many Buddhist philosophical

synonyms. Body is classified into many as per the texts of “rigs thigs rgya cher ’grel”,

texts explain that the life stream of our past life acts as the substantial cause and is the

“chos mngon pa bye brag tub shad pa chenpo”, “rim lnga bsdus pa gsalba” etc. However,

direct cause of this life, whereas the impelling karma accumulated through the chain of

the “rim lngabsdus pa gsalba” (a widely accepted text) elaborates specifically on the coarse

many past lives acts as the cooperative condition and serves as the condition of this life.

physical body. I, therefore, will refer to this text to elaborate on the understanding of the physical body, keeping in view the present context. In the texts such as “mngal du ’jug p’imdo”, “dus ’khor bsdus rgyud” and “yan lag brgyad pa’i snying po bsdus pa”, it was mentioned that the composite of flesh, blood and bone which we refer to as body is the coarse physical body. The texts further explain that the union of ovum and sperm from our parents acts as the substantial cause and the direct cause of this physical body, whereas the impelling karma accumulated through the chain of many past lives acts as the cooperative conditions and serves as the condition of this body. Mind (as per the general lay language) refers to the consciousness. What is clearly conceived

Session 6:

09:30am - 10:00am

Speaker:

Dr. Tenpa Choephel, Menrampa

Field:

Tibetan Medicine

Abstract: To understand the process of formation, survival and disintegration of the human body,

from the projection of the internal and external objects is the mind, and it is similar to the

we first need to know the causes, conditions and the interdependent nature of the body. All

image of an object that appears without obscuration in the clear mirror. Cognition is what

these can be understood by knowing the factors such as what facilitates the assemblage

we conceive from an object sharing a suitable nature, and therefore is the assemblage of

to form the body, the concept on how non-defective sperm and ovum results in healthy

clarity and awareness.

formation of the body, identifying the favorable conditions which assist the cause of the

According to the text of “tshad ma rnam ’grel Tri’ ka”, it says that the nature of perception 14

Body, Mind & Life Conference

Program & Abstracts

formation of the body, the principle of how the body develops and ultimately the defining

and life through the twelve aspects of inter-dependence. Karmic factors and delusional

factors which determine the end of life.

factors also play an important role in the causes and conditions of body, mind and life.

Mind is probably identified during the first week of the gestational period of nine months

Specific causes and conditions define the more intricate nature of human beings.

or thirty-eight weeks. During the first week, the fundamental consciousness, by its power of the innate nature, generate a very subtle loong energy called “srokchenpo’ rlung” or the “srok ’dzin snyugs ma” that functions to mingle the sperm and the ovum so inseparably,

10:30pm - 10:45pm

Tea Break

like the setting of the curd from the mixture of the boiled milk and the coagulating agent. The causes and conditions of life should be understood through four factors. Tibetan Medicine explains the importance of the role of the black and white channels, the life channel and the strength of one’s own merit as the impelling karma, which defines the length of the life. Based on my limited knowledge, I would like to touch a facet of this multi dimensional issue on four outlines solely as an object of analysis for all participants.

Session 8:

10:45am - 11:15am

Speaker:

Dr. Terry Eagan, M.D.

Field:

Modern Science

Abstract:

Session 7:

10:00am - 10:30am

Speaker:

Ven. Geshe Sherab Lhundup, Kartsipa

structures and systems of the human body and psyche, and predict how these two aspects

Field:

Tibetan Astrology

balance of physical and psychological systems, as to ensure the highest level of health and

Western medicine as a discipline aims to discover and comprehend the foundational interact to create daily human life. It is the goal of western medicine to maintain an optimal quality of life for each individual.

Abstract:

A medical student dissecting a human cadaver is awestruck by the intricacies of the human

Science of Tibetan Astrology recognizes the elemental compositions of an entity through

body, just as a psychiatric resident finds the indescribable essence of the human mind

the outer, inner, secret and extreme secret basis and understands the relationships between

compelling. Through the study of biochemistry, anatomy, human physiology, and genetics,

these elements through the mother-son and foe-friend calculation. It is stated in many

another other disciplines, the medical student learns about the health of the body, going on

mainstream astrological traditions that all the existence of the material world and living

to learn about diseases and pathologies which disturb the delicate balance of physical health.

creatures are dependent on the five elements and their mode of formation, existences, and

Following that comes learning of treatments and remedies to remedy various maladies,

disintegration and extinct states. An example can be used to show the relationships.

returning the individual to healthier functioning and thus a more optimal quality of life.

There are many ways to explain the causes and conditions of body, mind and life from

The psychiatric resident’s education emphasizes the understanding of the multiple facets of

different mainstream traditions, but the simplest way to explain it is by understanding

the brain and nervous system, the executive functions of each and the significant implications

the law of interdependent nature. In connection with the present context, we will discuss

of their dysfunctions. The interconnectivity of the nervous and neuroendocrine systems

through the embryology. We will also discuss the causes and conditions of the body, mind

along with the neural circuitry is intricate and vast. Daily, scientific discoveries about the

Body, Mind & Life Conference

Program & Abstracts

brain and itâ&#x20AC;şs functions, from both a purely psychological perspective and in tandem with

Live is unceasingly continuous so long as there is the continuity of body as the basis, and

the functioning of the human body, lead to an ever greater body of knowledge while yet

the mind as its dweller, and that which is called being alive. When the relationship between

revealing the limitless discoveries yet to be revealed.

the basis and the dweller comes to an end, life ceases and is termed death. This proves the

As a practicing physician one gains an appreciation of the intimate interdependence and

undisputable fact of the relationship between body, mind and life.

functioning of the human mind and body and spirit, which coalesce to form the experience

Body and mind are each classified into two levels of gross and subtle. To unravel the

of daily life, and an increasing understanding that how each individual experiences life is

nature of the gross level, it was believed that body acts as the cooperating condition for

a function of both biologic and psycho-spiritual elements. Given that each life is unique,

the subsequent mental stream, whereas the mind acts as the cooperating condition for the

despite similar biologic systems, physicians need to be mindful that while each person is

subsequent physical continuum. This relationship shows that both factors serve as the

a compilation of cells, energies and systems, the individual experience of life is due to

cooperating conditions as well as the cooperating effects to each other. Despite having such

multiple variables, many of which remain a mystery. While much of life is experienced

an intimate relationship between them, they can never serve as a substitute for one other

through the lens of unique past experiences, expectations, traumas and fantasies, much

due to the differences in the fundamental nature of the body and mind.

reverence must be given to the great mystery of attempting to understand that which makes

Mind is categorized into sensory consciousness and mental consciousness. The sensory

life so extraordinary.

consciousness has to rely tremendously on the sensory organs and its functional clarity.

11:15am - 11:45am

Discussion Among the Scholars

11:45am - 01:00pm

Open Discussion (Q&A)

01:00pm - 02:00pm

Lunch Break

Moreover, specific sensory consciousness is specifically designed to solely serve its specific purpose, depending on the nature of the sensory organ. However, the mental consciousness is not so much dependent on the sensory organs; on the contrary, the sensory organs are highly dependent on the mental consciousness. The body can merely serve as the conditional factors for the mind to perceive, and is definitely not the causal factor for the perception to take place. The fact that mind can strongly influence the state of the body is clearly explained in the Buddhist text on logic. To explain the subtle state of mind and body, the unexcelled Tantric texts speak of

Evening Session

consciousness as the rider on the vehicle of loong energy. The nature of this tells us that the

Topic:

Relationship Between Body, Mind and Life

Session 9:

02:00pm - 02:30pm

Speaker:

Ven. Geshe Lharampa Lobsang Khechok

Field:

Tibetan Buddhist Philosophy

as propelling the consciousness from the former mental stream to the subsequent mental stream. This explanation parallels the analogy of the blind man and the lame man assisting each other to reach their destination. The movement of the consciousness is facilitated with the force of the loong energy, whereas the ability to perceive things is performed by the consciousness itself; therefore these two are perpetually inseparable. Mental consciousness can influence to cause movement to the body, with the cooperation of the loong energy only. If the loong energy is segregated from the consciousness, causing such physical movement

Abstract: 18

loong energy functions by carrying the consciousness from one object to another, as well

is never possible. Thus, the nature of the consciousness can be defined as identical to Body, Mind & Life Conference

Body, Mind & Life Conference

Program & Abstracts

the loong energy. During the death process the gross loong and consciousness ultimately

not happen with the availability of merely a single part. All physical components such as

dissolve into the fundamental innate nature of extremely subtle loong and consciousness.

the bodily constituents, vital and vessel organs, encasement of the muscles, passage of

Similarly, during conception the fundamental innate nature of extremely subtle loong and

channels to flow the life force and others, waste products and minor body wastes are all

consciousness give rise to the gross loong and consciousness, thereby proving the fact that

specifically composite of innumerable cells which is further composed of finer particles

the extremely subtle loong and consciousness, which are inseparable in nature, is unceasing

and atoms. Apart from this , the physical elements also play a very important role in the

and enjoys a continuous continuum.

formation, sustaining and disintegration of the body due to its functions of being the basis

When the extremely subtle loong and consciousness, and the gross body continuous to co-

and dependent on each other. In the “Explanatory Tantra” of the Tibetan Medical text

exist due to the impelling karma, life continues to flow without obstruction, but once these

“rGyud bzhi”, it states that the three factors of the principal energies, bodily constituents

two factors come apart with the exhaustion of the accumulated karma, life too will cease.

and the waste products, being dependent on each other, define the process of birth, being

When the extremely subtle loong and consciousness continuous to harness the chakras

alive and death which is the nature of body.

of the body to assemble at the ultimate droplet, it is designated as having mastered the

Mind, consciousness and perception are synonymous, and pertains to all living beings

loong. Likewise, when the rider consciousness is unable to control the vehicle loong, then

having the sense to feel pleasure and pain from benefits and harm respectively, attachment

it leads to a condition where the human mind could not be tamed. In the Tantric text it was

towards pleasurable objects, detestation against suffering and ability to concentrate on

mentioned, “When the body is upright, channels become straight; when the channels are

various objects of focus. These capabilities of body, mind and speech are blessed to all

upright, loong becomes straight and when the loong is straight, mind becomes straight”.

living beings inclusive of even the tiny insects. Tibetan Medicine recognizes the existence

This strongly proves the relationship between body, mind and life in its gross and subtle

of mind based on the words of Buddha and the concept established by great scholars of

levels.

India and Tibet of the past. Except from the Tibetan culture, there is no place where one

Session 10:

02:30pm - 03:00pm

Speaker:

Dr. Rakdho Lobsang Tenzin

Field:

Tibetan Medicine

can find greater elucidation of the resulting action of the mind on the functions, nature and role of the sensory consciousness and its relationship with the object. In Tibetan medical texts one will come across repeated mentions of life such as function of blood to moisten and sustain life, disorders such that it segregates life, white and black life channels and life-sustaining loong. Life and lifespan are synonymous.

Abstract: The system of Tibetan Medicine is based on a set of established theories of the basis, path and the effect; likewise the system of modern science is based on the standard experiments done on the object of analysis, avoiding the danger of bias. So, both the systems are scientifically proven and are not merely an outcome of folk lore and rough assumptions. The cause and conditions to form body are the sperm, ovum, elements etc. The formation of the body and its survival is dependent on the assemblage of numbers of factors and does

Body, Mind & Life Conference

Session 11:

03:00pm - 03:30pm

Speaker:

Dr. Aepa Sonam Rinchen, Mentsipa

Field:

Tibetan Astrology

Abstract:

Body, Mind & Life Conference

Program & Abstracts

Relationship between body, mind and life can be explained through three ways: causal

realm has primary reality, Western scientific thought has been profoundly impacted by a

factor during formation, mode of existence and the final disintegration.

line of thought often credited to Descartes that radically separates the mind from the rest

It is described that the former is the cause of the latter and the latter is the consequence of

of physical reality. As originally imagined, all that makes us most human is contained in an

the former, and therefore changes happen through various procedures. Various development

essential, immaterial soul that interacts with the body through the brain, driving the body

stages of elemental compositions can be drawn parallel to the body, mind and life in

the way a driver might steer a car. This perspective allowed us to see the physical world

Astrology science.

(including our bodies)

In accordance with Tibetan astrological texts the relationship between the body, mind and

we see around us is largely the result of the plusses and minuses of ceasing to see the world

life can be explained through knowing how each are dependent on one another from the

as a realm that is somehow more than a mechanical object. The separation of soul from

stages of gestation to its similar functions.

body was originally seen by many as a way of preserving belief in the soul. However, with

The relationship between body, mind and life can also be explained through the Tibetan

as mechanistic explanations have proven more and more powerful, the spirit has vanished

Astrology system by following the disintegration stages of the elemental diminishing

and only the machine is left, which is widely seen as the appropriate domain of science.

process and respiration diminishing stages. For example, it has introduced how even the

subtlest respiration can be counted definitely with the inner loong energy during the process

trends in western thought that seek to overcome our tendency to draw too sharp a separation

of diminishing stages of the life.

between body, mind and spirit. We will focus on a recent movement within psychology

as machine-like and hence capable of radical manipulation. The world

This talk will briefly review these historical trends before focusing on more recent

known as â&#x20AC;&#x153;embodied cognitionâ&#x20AC;? as a framework for gaining insights into new scientific perspectives that see human personhood as a phenomenon dispersed and distributed

03:30pm - 03:45pm

Tea Break

Session 12:

03:45pm - 04:15pm

Speaker:

Dr. Charles Raison

Field:

Modern Science

between brain, body, mind and world. The talk will conclude with recent research by the presenter that points to ways in which an embodied understanding of thought, emotion and behavior may offer hope for enhancing human well-being.

Abstract:

04:15pm - 04:45pm

Discussion Among the Scholars

04:45pm - 05:30pm

Open Discussion (Q&A)

05:30 pm

Tibetan Cultural Show & Dinner at Tipa

In conceiving of relationships between the mind, brain and body, Western though has veered throughout its history from one extreme position to another. Many of these extremes were already articulated in the thought of the ancient Greeks: from Plato who believed that physical reality had only a shadow-like reality compared to the immaterial essences of things to Democritus and other atomists who believed that nothing existed except the random collisions of physical particles. Over and above whether the material or immaterial

Body, Mind & Life Conference

Program & Abstracts

Day Three (Friday, June 28)

ignorance. According to “choskyi rgyal po theg pa chenpo’i mdo” it said, “All suffering

Morning Session

come from wrong view, all wrong views arise from ignorant mind and the ignorant mind comes from the self-grasping”. Likewise, it also said, “All suffering of mourning and

Topic: Factors Responsible for the Disturbance of the Body, Mind and Life

disturbance arise solely from the mind”. Conventionally speaking, disturbance of body gives rise to mental disturbance and suffering, and afflictive emotions such as attachment give rise to mental disturbance and suffering. The fundamental innate nature of both the

Session 13:

09:00am - 09:30am

Speaker:

Ven. Geshe Lharampa Ngawang Sangay

Field:

Tibetan Buddhist Philosophy

body and mind being inseparable from each other simultaneously benefits and harms each

Abstract: Disturbance of body, mind and life is a condition in which all these are thrown into arrays of discomfort, pain and obstruction caused by many factors, thus pushing them away from their natural state of balance and harmony. Specifically, the disturbances of body are caused distantly by the negative karma

other.

Session 14:

09:30am - 10:00am

Speaker:

Dr. Pema Dorjee, Menrampa

Field:

Tibetan Medicine

accumulated through past life negative actions. Immediate cause of the disturbances of the

Abstract:

physical body in this life time are the disturbance of the elements in the body; excess, deficit

Though the connotation of body means having an aggregate or an assemblage, Tibetan

and disturbance of principle energies of loong, tripa and baekan in the body; negative

Medicine views body as an entity that is an interdependent composite of the cause of

influences from the harmful spirits and poisoning; non-virtuous actions of body, mind and

disorder, body constituents and the waste products. The body should have the characteristics

speech; indulgence in unwholesome food and lifestyle and natural calamities.

of having the properties to form with coming together of necessary factors in the beginning,

According to the Buddhist texts of “dam chos ’dul pa” and “mngon pa’i gdzung”, it was

ability to sustain in the middle due to favorable conditions and subjective factors to succumb

explained that the distant cause for the disturbance of mind is due to the negative karma

to destruction due to excess, deficit and disturbance of the compositing factors.

accumulated through past life negative actions of making others crazy, poisoning and

The body can be classified into four of external, internal, upper and lower with an addition

intoxication. Immediate causes of this lifetime for disturbances of mind are encountering

of all comprising totaling to five. However a disorder may be inflicted on the physical body

great fear, harm from others, disturbance of the principle energies of loong, tripa and baekan,

but it has to be experienced by the mind. The primordial cause of all physical pain is the

disturbance of the elements in the body, mourning and grief, and afflictive emotions.

fundamental ignorance or lack of understanding to avoid unwholesome diet and lifestyle,

As life is the fruition of the actions of body and mind, it is basically dependent on past

unfavorable seasons and the external influences from harmful spirits. These give rise to the

karma. As life is the flow of the stream of the body and mind, the causes which disturb the

three afflictive emotions of attachment, aversion and delusion which further results into the

body and mind should also be the causes for the disturbance of the life.

three principle energies of loong, tripa and baekan causing all disorders. These energies

Briefly, the primordial cause of the disturbance of the body, mind and life is fundamental

when subjected to the states of excess, deficit and disturbance give rise to four hundred and

Body, Mind & Life Conference

Program & Abstracts

four disorder classified based on the energy, dominance, type and location. These can be

Ignorant mind gives rise to all negative conceptual thoughts which in turn cause disturbances

further classified into one thousand six hundred and sixteen disorders.

to the functions of the five elements. These further causes illnesses and sufferings to

Cognition, consciousness and emotion are the entity of mind. Body and mind are merely

both body and mind. It is quite natural that everybody has a different nature and mental

distinguished based on the object of referral. Mental disorders constitute psychosis and

disposition and their ways of tackling problems and sufferings are also different. Thus,

dementia; its suffering though is experienced simultaneously by both the body and mind.

there are also so many different schools of thoughts and traditions in the world on how to

However, some believe mind as a separate entity and assume losing the discriminative

bring happiness and alleviate sufferings; Tibetan astrology is one of them.

ability as psychosis and loss of memory as dementia. The cause and condition of both the conditions are timidity, external disturbance, mourning, stress, mental disturbance, lack of

The following verse from the astrological text “Moon Beam” substantiates the reason why

confidence, fear, loss of wealth and betrayal, incompatible foods and lifestyle, and harmful

the elements are the causes of both happiness and sufferings.

spirits. The harmful spirits disturb the sensory consciousness of the ear organ thereby

“The characteristics of the five elements, beginning with wood, are respectively: Movement

blocking the smooth flow of the mental consciousness and resulting into wandering mind

[wood],

combustibility [fire], solidity [earth], incision [iron], and moisture [water].

and degenerated memory having the analogy of chariot without the rider. Similarly, related

The functions are to confer well-being when not agitated,

conditions such as the unclear mind, hallucination and delusion can also rise from it.

But when agitated, it provokes the suffering of ill-health and death .

Anything which sustains and holds is called life. In Tibetan Medicine the inseparable entity

Therefore, the body that is an aggregate of these elements

of the loong and mind is called life; the life sustaining loong and the body has the analogy to

Is influenced by ailments, primordial bewitchers and the four adversarial signs,

the fragrance permeated from the sandalwood. This embodies the two main channels, three

which are all produced by and compounded by disruptive thoughts.

life channels and the vulnerable parts. The disorder is caused due to harm and injury and in

These functions take effect owing to the emergence of all joys and sorrows.Therefore,

particularly the disturbance affecting the life sustaining loong. Conditions such as rough

astrology is precious because it dispels all influences

natured foods, fasting, hard labored work, forceful retention and evacuation of excrements

As mentioned before, the cause of disturbances to the Body, Mind and Life is ignorance.

can disturb the life sustaining loong resulting into dizziness, hallucination, difficulty in

We are ignorant about the ‘immediate conditions’ which bring our past negative “karma”

inspiration and problem to swallow food.

to fruition and give suffering. According to Tibetan Astrology, the conditions which disturb the body, mind and life are: change of locations of the Earth-Lord spirits of the year, month, day and time; change of year sign, I-ching (Parkha), nine numeric square numbers (Mewa); and the movements of the

Session 15:

10:00am - 10:30am

Speaker:

Mr. Tashi Tsering, Tsirampa

The modes of disturbance are; when one fails to understand the ‘systems of rules’ or the

Field:

Tibetan Astrology

disturbance to Body, Mind and Life when it comes across immediate conditions of wrathful

sun, the moon, planets etc. ‘power of dependent origination’ on how negative karma of the past and present causes planets and furious Earth-Lords.

Abstract: The source of sufferings of all sentient beings and particularly of humans is ignorance. 26

Body, Mind & Life Conference

Program & Abstracts

10:30pm - 10:45pm

Tea Break

Session 16:

10:45am - 11:15am

Speaker:

Prof. James Gordon

Field:

Program & Abstracts

Speaker:

Ven. Geshe Lhakdor

Field:

Tibetan Buddhist Philosophy

Abstract: Before the advent of the pharmaceutical empire, with its vast offerings of new fixes for our physical failings, physicians were consummate healers. It was more important

Modern Science

to know the patient that had the disease, than to know what kind of disease the patient had. All these ancient concepts, once lost, are now seeking resurgence with the advent

Abstract: Human Beings are both particularly vulnerable to stress and trauma and exceptionally gifted in their ability to prove resilient. In this talk I will discuss the psycho-biology of stress and its consequences. The focus will be on the way that various kinds of trauma, from early abuse and neglect to collective violence and forced dislocation, affect the growth and development of the brain and the psychological, behavioral, and physical consequences of this trauma. I will draw on social and behavioral as well as neuro-physiological and neuroanotomical studies.

of unhappy patients and truth-seeking scientists. They are the parapsychologists and psychoneuroimmunologists, lending credence to the concept of mind affecting matter and mind affecting body. Some examples of how our minds can affect our health include the following: positive thinking lowered blood sugar levels in diabetics, lessened asthma attacks, reduced colitis symptoms and improved immune function in HIV-infected individuals. Not only can our thoughts affect our bodies, but also our thoughts can affect others. The need for holistic understanding of the body, mind and life force is crucial for a holictic healing. In Buddhism a human being is a being that is designated to any of the five aggregates as the

11:15am - 11:45am

Discussion Among the Scholars

basis of designation. There are many treatises giving a rich tapestry of the world of mind

11:45am - 01:00pm

Open Discussion (Q&A)

the 22 sense faculties there are not easily and widely available specialized Buddhist texts

01:00pm - 02:00pm

Lunch Break

and life force almost same or interchangeable. So this will be an interesting area to explore

Although description of both the body and the life force comes under the description of giving details of the body and life force. I have even found people using the two terms life little more. At the most fundamental level, there is no qualitative difference between the material basis of the body of a sentient being, such as a human, and that of, say, a piece of rock. The

Evening Session

question then is, What makes human body so different from a rock that it can support

Topic: Maintaining and Restroring Healthy Body, Mind and Life

life and consciousness? According to Buddhism there are three fundamentally distinct

Session 17:

subjective experiences and 3) Abstract compositions-mental formations. Body, Mind and

02:00pm - 02:30pm

aspects or features of the world of conditioned things, 1) Matter-physical objects, 2) MindLife Force belong to this three group respectively.

Body, Mind & Life Conference

Program & Abstracts

Session 18:

Program & Abstracts

02:30pm - 03:00pm

Speaker:

Dr. Tsewang Tamdin, Menrampa

Field:

Tibetan Medicine

free from illness because of ever - present fundamental ignorance, even though they may appear to live with joy and happiness. It is very important to study Tibetan Medicine thoroughly and confidently so that one does not play with other people’s lives. Apart from the four methods of healing - namely diet, lifestyle, medication and accessory therapies mentioned in Tibetan medical theory, the astrological calculations, the chemical components, the medical mantras, meditative

Abstract: Human beings suffer from various disorders due to excess, deficit and disturbance of the three bodily energies caused by unfavorable time, spirit, diet and lifestyle. These bring

contemplation and divination also assist in maintaining a healthy body and mind and in prolonging life.

about changes in the state of mind, body and life. Tibetan medicine is a treasure house with a wide range of antidotes and techniques to diagnose all the eighty thousand different disorders. There are one thousand and twenty-two different types of remedial measures, and three

Session 19:

03:00pm - 03:30pm

Speaker:

Ms. Tsering Choezom, Tsirampa

Field:

Tibetan Astrology

hundred and sixty methods of treatment, which can be condensed into four approaches of diet, lifestyle, medication and accessory therapies. These treatment methodologies are applied with a special emphasis on the relationship between the healer and the patient. Many patients (irrespective of color, creed, religion, gender and nationality) suffering from various ailments like hypertension, cancer, hepatitis, tuberculosis, AIDS, neurological disorders, fever, heart disease, stress, trauma, insanity, sinusitis and so on have been greatly benefitted by Tibetan Medicine. These achievements saw the establishment of various branch clinics of Tibetan Medicine all over India. This also testifies to the authenticity and standards of Tibetan Medicine as a holistic system representing the inseparable connection between body and mind. The foundation of Tibetan medicine is laid on the concept of dependent arising and nonviolent action as stated in the Buddhist philosophy and thus practiced accordingly. The 84,000 conceivable aggregates of mental substances as propounded in the Buddhist schools of Sauntantikas, the doctrine of Vinaya Pitaka, Abhidharma and Mantrayana help to counteract and nullify the 84,000 afflictive emotions. So the basic cause of every disease is ignorance, which is the root cause of every afflictive emotion. This can be clearly justified if we look into what “Gyud bzhi” states “ Just as the bird is never separated from its own

Abstract: Jhe Tsongkhapa states that diseases are not caused inherently. Tibetan Astrology believes that the causes and conditions of all diseases are the five elements and their imbalance ultimately causes death. Tibetan Astrology regards the five elements as the basis of all astrological calculations and considers that the disease and the modes of treatment are basically of the same natures, which are the five elements. Analyzing the causes and conditions of the disease, recognizing the unfavorable conditions of life and its effect, and treating those diseases with Tibetan Astrology are important roles played by Tibetan Astrology in the Tibetan community. Tibetan astrology uses different methods and modes of practice to dispel diseases and major problems of our life and could support the arguments by referring to quotations from various scriptures of Buddha about disease and its remedies.

03:30pm - 03:45pm

Tea Break

shadow, no matter how high it soars up in the sky, likewise sentient beings will never be

Body, Mind & Life Conference

Program & Abstracts

Session 20:

Program & Abstracts

03:45pm - 04:15pm

Speaker:

Dr. Joan Borysenko

Field:

Modern Science

Cultural Evolution: Just as mammalian evolution is an outgrowth of our ability to bond, attach and care for one another, so is cultural evolution. This requires an end to colonialism. It also hinges on the rights of girls and women: protection from abuse, autonomy over their own bodies, educational opportunities equal to those of boys and men, and full participation in government and religion. Cooperation between genders as well as among nations and religious groups is integral to conflict resolution, ending war, and to the health and happiness

Abstract: The maintenance and restoration of healthy body, mind, and life involves the following

of all.

five factors: Managing Stress and Destructive Emotions: Mental health is a powerful predictor of physical health. Research in attachment (child, caretaker bonding), stress-hardiness, resilience, mindfulness, meditation, yoga, qi gong, the treatment of trauma, and mind training skills derived from yoga philosophy is proving extremely helpful in this regard. Buddhist techniques in particular have become a mainstay of mental health interventions in

04:15pm - 04:45pm

Discussion Among the Scholars

04:45pm - 05:30pm

Open Discussion (Q&A)

05:40 pm

Valedictory Ceremony

the United States during the past decade. Cultivating positive emotions: Psychiatrist George Vaillant, M.D. from the Harvard Medical

School describes spirituality as a constellation of 8 positive emotions: compassion, trust, faith, love, gratitude, awe, joy, and forgiveness. The field of positive psychology focuses on the cultivation of such positive emotions rather than focusing primarily on negative affect. Nutritional Science: Even in an affluent nation like the United States, nutrition is sub par. Poorly conceived dietary recommendations and the prevalence of highly processed foodshave resulted in an epidemic of metabolic syndrome, obesity, diabetes, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. Over the past 40 years life expectancy in the U.S. has declined from 16th out of 191 countries to 41st. The U.S. spends 2.9 trillion dollars annually on healthcare, 19% of GDP, more than any nation on earth, yet national health continues to decline. We need better nutritional science to address this trend and avoid its spread to less developed nations. Sustainability: Earth is at a tipping point. Supplying food, water, and energy to a growing world population during a time of climate change and natural disaster is pivotal in maintaining life. Growing more food while simultaneously protecting the environment from an increasing carbon footprint, genetically modified crops (GMOs), and pesticides that destroy the ecosystem, is critical.

Body, Mind & Life Conference

Biographies of the Speakers

Dr. Charles Raison, MD,is AssociateProfessor in the Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine,and the Barry and Janet Lang Associate Professor of Integrative Mental Health at the Norton School of Family and Consumer Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona. Prior to this, he was an Associate Professor and Clinical Director of the Mind-Body Program at Emory University.

Dr. Charles Raison

Dr. James S Gordon

Dr. Raison is internationally recognized for his studies examining novel mechanisms involved in the development and treatment of major depression and other stress-related emotional and physical conditions. In pursuing this work, Dr. Raison has focused on the ability of peripheral sensory systems (including the immune system) to change brain functioning, and conversely the ability of behavioral techniques such as meditation to change bodily functioning in ways likely to enhance health and wellbeing. The recipient of several teaching awards, Dr. Raison has received research funding from the National Institute of Mental Health, National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. In addition to his activities at University of Arizona, Dr. Raison is the mental health expert for CNN.com and serves on the editorial board of Brain, Behavior and Immunity.He is past Chair of the US Psychiatric and Mental Health Congress and is a Senior Fellow of the Mind & Life Institute. Dr. James S. Gordon, MD, a Harvard educated psychiatrist, is a worldrenowned expert in using mind-body medicine to heal depression, anxiety, and psychological trauma. He is the Founder and Director of The Center for Mind-Body Medicine in Washington DC, a Clinical Professor in the Departments of Psychiatry and Family Medicine at Georgetown Medical School, and served as Chairman of the White House Commission on Complementary and Alternative Medicine Policy. He also served as the first Chair of the Program Advisory Council of the National Institutes of Health’s Office of Alternative Medicine and is a former member of the Cancer Advisory Panel on Complementary and Alternative Medicine of the NIH. Dr. Gordon has devoted over 40 years to the exploration and practice of mind-body medicine. After graduating Harvard Medical School, he was for 10 years a research psychiatrist at the National Institute of Mental Health. There he developed the first national program for runaway and homeless youth, edited the first comprehensive studies of alternative and holistic medicine, directed the Special Study on Alternative Services for President Carter’s Commission on Mental Health, and created a nationwide preceptorship program for medical students. Dr. Gordon has created ground-breaking programs of comprehensive mind-body healing for physicians, medical students, and other health professionals; for people with cancer, depression and other chronic illnesses; and for traumatized children and families in Bosnia, Kosovo, Israel and Gaza, in post-9/11 New York and post-Katrina southern Louisiana, and for U.S Military returning from Iraq and Afghanistan. In areas where psychological trauma is widespread, they have created local leadership teams to fully integrate the CMBM model into the ongoing services of the entire community or nation.

Body, Mind & Life Conference

Dr. Joan Borysenko

Dr. Lobsang Tenzin Rakdho

Body, Mind & Life Conference

Dr. Joan Borysenko is a distinguished pioneer in integrative medicine and a world-renowned expert in the mind-body connection. Her work has been foundational in an international health-care revolution that recognizes the role of meaning, and the spiritual dimensions of life, as an integral part of health and healing. Dr. Borysenko earned a doctorate in cellular biology in the Division of Medical Sciences at Harvard Medical School, where she also completed post-doctoral training in cancer cell biology. Her first faculty position was at the Tufts University College of Medicine in Boston where she taught and created a well-funded cancer research laboratory. But after the death of her father from cancer, she became more interested in the person with the illness than in the disease itself, and returned to Harvard Medical School to complete a second postdoctoral fellowship in behavioral medicine. Under the tutelage of Herbert Benson, M.D., who first identified the relaxation response and brought meditation into medicine, she was awarded a Medical Foundation Fellowship and completed her third postdoctoral fellowship in psychoneuroimmunology. In the early 1980’s Dr. Borysenko co-founded a Mind/Body clinic with cardiologist Herbert Benson and psychiatrist Ilan Kutz, became licensed as a psychologist, and was appointed Instructor in Medicine at the Harvard Medical School. Her years of clinical experience and research culminated in the 1987 publication of the New York Times best seller, Minding the Body, Mending the Mind, which sold nearly half a million copies. The revised 20th anniversary edition, with a forward by Andrew Weil MD, was published in 2007. Her 14 other books are a complete library of health and healing.Founding Partner of Mind-Body Health Sciences LLC, located in Boulder, Colorado, Dr. Borysenko consults to hospitals, organizations, and addiction treatment centers and gives lectures and workshops across the United States.

Dr. Lobsang Tenzin Rakdo was born in 1956 at Sogzong district of Kham, Tibet. At the age of thirteen, he was recognized and enthroned as a reincarnation of the Rakdo Khenchen. After completing his basic studies on Tibetan Language, Buddhist philosophy and other fields of studies, he started his medical education from Dr. Kunga in 1973. Thereafter, he was lucky to have the opportunity to study Tibetan Medicine and Buddhist Philosophy from the renowned scholar Dr. Tsenam Rinpoche of Lhasa Men-Tsee-Khang in 1979. He worked in the Research department of Lhasa Men-Tsee-Khang from 1983 until his escape to India in 1988. From 1988 until 1993, he served at the Astrology department and later as lecturer at Men-Tsee College. He started his work at the Central University of Tibetan Studies, Sarnath, Varanasi in 1993 as a lecturer. He was elevated to the post of reader in 1997 and was entitled with professorship in 1998. He is presently serving as the Dean of the Faculty of Tibetan Medicine and Astrology. Apart from this huge responsibility, he is also an active member of many academic committees. He has two books published in his name and is credited with more than forty articles and research works on Tibetan Medicine.

Biographies of the Speakers

Dr. Pema Dorjee

Dr. Aepa Sonam Rinchen

Born in 1950 in Lhodak, Tibet and an alumnus of Central School for Tibetans Darjeeling, Dr. Pema Dorjee completed his medical studies at Men-TseeKhang in 1974 under the renowned Prof. Dr. Barshi Phuntshok, and his internship under Dr. Yeshi Dhonden, the former personal physician to His Holiness the Dalai Lama. Dr. Dorjee has served as Chief medical officer at various branch clinics of Men-Tsee-Khang in India. He has travelled extensively to the remote Tibetan settlements in India, as well as to western countries, giving consultations to patients and health-care talks. Besides being a successful medical practitioner, Dr. Dorjee has many achievements to his credit, such as being a successful author, a keynote speaker at many conferences, a recipient of many honors, including Halle Distinguished fellow at Emory University, Atlanta; the first chairman of the Central Council of Tibetan Medicine, and the General Secretary and Governing member of the institute, etc. With more than 37 years of experience in Tibetan Medical Science and more than 30 years of service at Men-Tsee-Khang, he retired from the Institute in 2012. Post retirement, Dr. Dorjee has been actively engaged in sharing his knowledge with the learners and practitioners of Tibetan Medicine at various institutes, and introducing Tibetan Medicine at Universities like Life University, Smith College, and Ukraine, etc. He has been appointed Visiting Professor at Central University of Tibetan Medicine (CUTS), Varanasi. Dr. Sonam Rinchen was born in 1974, Water-Ox year, at Ae Lhagyal Ri Toesik in lhokha district of Tibet. He started his primary education at the age of ten and completed his middle school in the field of Astrology, Medicine, Buddhist Philosophy and History. In 1989, he joined high school in lhokha district in the science stream and simultaneously studied Astrology and Medicine from private tutors of Lhokha Men-Tsee-Khang. In 1994, he fled to India and joined Men-Tsee-Khang College as a fifth batch Astrology student and completed his Astrology degree with first division in 1997. He also received exclusive and profound instructions and teachings from Master Tsewang Namgyal Gojowa, about Traditional Astrological science and other fields of knowledge.He was re-admitted in the 12th medical batch and completed it in 2002 with the first division certificate in Bachelor of Medical Science. Upon recommendation from the Department of Education, CTA, he gave introductory lessons on Astrology for one month to the workshop participants (various teachers from different schools) at Sarah College. He received vast teaching on Kalachakra Tradition of Astrological calculations and its extraordinary applications and methods from Astrology master Tsewang Namgyal. He served as a lecturer of Tibetan Medicine in Men-Tsee-Khang College from 2004 to 2006 and in August 2004 he was appointed as the committee member for a specially established committee on Astrological research. He contributed in the re-modelling of the Astrology course syllabus and compiled many astrological teaching materials as well. From 2007-2011, he served as lecturer on Astrology in the same College. From 2012 he was granted a deputation to teach Medicine and Astrology in Palpung institute on a contractual basis as per the rules of Men-Tsee-Khang. He continues to teach Astrology in Men-Tsee-Khang College as a visiting lecturer and he does research work on Traditional Tibetan Medicine and Astrology as well.

Body, Mind & Life Conference

Biographies of the Speakers

Dr. Tenpa Choephel was born in Lhasa, Tibet. He completed his primary and secondary school education in Lhasa and escaped to India in 1980. He joined the Tibetan Medical & Astrology College, Dharamsala in 1982 and successfully completed his medical degree of ‘Kachupa’ in 1986. He served as a residential doctor in the Chabhil branch clinic of this institute. On his return back to Dharamsala, he was appointed lecturer in the Tibetan Medical & Astrology College and has since then, been actively serving this institute as a senior lecturer. He was appointed Vice Principal in 1993 and was promoted to the post of Principal of the College in 2008. Dr. Tenpa Choephel

Dr. Terry V Eagan

Body, Mind & Life Conference

Dr. Terry V. Eagan, M.D. is a prominent Beverly Hills psychiatrist, founder and CEO of Eagan Medical Group, LLC., a thriving mental health practice treating over 2000 patients annually. His private patients have included leaders in industry, politics, and performers from television, music and film, many of whom have been at the extremes of celebrity. Dr. Eagan is an expert in the complexities of mental health and addiction treatment and he specializes in effective treatment regimens for all types of emotional distress that often can arise from being in positions of responsibility and public attention. Dr. Eagan is a highly respected and sought after consultant who serves as Medical Director for several addiction and eating disorder treatment centers throughout Los Angeles including Monte Nido Residential Treatment Center, Carousel Transitional Living and the Eating Disorder Center of California. His range of specialties includes primary psychiatric conditions, eating disorders, substance-abuse disorders, impulse control disorders, trauma & abuse, human sexuality and spiritual therapy. Dr. Eagan’s treatment approach incorporates pharmacologic interventions with evidence-based cognitive behavioral therapies, adjunctive modalities and traditional spiritual practices. Dr. Eagan is certified by the American Board of Psychiatry & Neurology and Medical Board of California as a physician and surgeon License #G067163, and he is a Diplomate of the National Board of Medical Examiners. He served as chief resident in psychiatry at the University of Southern California (USC) School of Medicine from 1990-1992 and he also helps shape healthcare policy in The United States as a consultant to the Physician’s Advisory Board of the National Republican Congressional Committee, serving as Honorary Chairman for the State of California. Dr. Eagan is an internationally respected physician, lecturer and consultant. An expert in Professional Ethics and Compassion Fatigue, Dr. Eagan has guided training programs for individual practitioners, multinational corporations, public school systems, community health centers, law enforcement agencies, hospitals, and universities. He has been involved in numerous psychopharmacology studies for eight international pharmaceutical companies and he lectures on psychopharmacology to physicians across the United States. Dr. Eagan has been featured in dozens of publications, including Variety, Forbes, New York Magazine, and has appeared as a mental health consultant on several radio and television programs, including the Today Show.

Biographies of the Speakers

Dr. Menrampa Thupten Gyaltsen was born in Gugi Tiri on January 31, 1952 to father Tenzin and mother Tsering. At the age of five, he started learning how to read and write Tibetan scripts from his grandfather, Kalsang Tenzin. He fled to India with his parents in 1965. He joined Men-Tsee-Khang in 1979 as staff and worked in Men-Tsee-Khang office. Later he joined Men-Tsee-Khang College as a 4th batch medical student, and successfully graduated with the medical degree of “Kachupa”. For the last twenty years he has been serving in various branch clinics of Men-Tsee-Khang in South India like Kollegal, Bylakuppe and Mundgod as chief medical officer. He has vast knowledge and experience in clinical practice and pharmacology. He has also achieved the medical degree of “Menrampa” from Men-TseeKhang. Dr. Thupten Gyaltsen

Dr. Tsewang Tamdin

Dr. Tsewang Tamdin was born on 15th August 1957 at Thoe Shingri, Tibet to his parents Mr. Tsewang and Mrs. Lobsang Dolma. After coming into exile in 1962, he joined Central School for Tibetans, Dalhousie in 1963 and completed his secondary school in 1973. Thereafter, he joined Tibetan Medical & Astrology College in 1972 to study Tibetan Medicine, and successfully graduated in 1978 with the medical degree of ‘Kachupa’. After his graduation, he served as residential doctor in various branch clinics of Men-Tsee-Khang for more than twenty years. He got his medical degree of ‘Menrampa Chungwa’ in 1987 and ‘Menrampa Dingwa’ in 1996. He was appointed the attending personal physical to His Holiness the Dalai Lama in September 2001 and served as the Head of Pharmaceutical Department, Dharamsala. In the year 2004, he was appointed as Principal of the Tibetan Medical &Astrology College and also served as an Advisor to Herbal Product Research and Pharmaceutical Department. He was appointed as the Deputy Director of Men-Tsee-Khang in 2005. He was also appointed Director and served in the office for a period of two years from 2010 to 2011. In 2012 he was appointed as the representative of the attending physicians to His Holiness the Dalai Lama in the Central Council of Tibetan Medicine. He has travelled widely across the globe to give lectures and to attend seminars and conferences representing Tibetan Medicine. Apart from visiting many countries such as the United States, Switzerland, Holland, Poland, England, France and Germany, he has also participated in many important conferences and interactive discussions with medical institutes inside India. Presently, he is serving as Chairman of the High level Men-Tsi Committee of Men-Tsee-Khang and is attending to His Holiness the Dalai Lama as his physician.

Biographies of the Speakers

Dr. Vijayalakshmi Ravindranath is Professor and Chair of the newly created Centre for Neuroscience at IISc, Bangalore. She was the founder Director of the National Brain Research Centre (NBRC) from 2000-2009 an autonomous institution of the Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India and helped establish NBRC as an institute of excellence and apex coordination centre for brain research that co-ordinates and networks neuroscience research groups in the country. She has actively promoted neuroscience research and training in the country and helped establish several pan-Indian efforts in brain research. The unifying goal of her laboratory is to understand pathogenic mechanisms underlying neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease with a goal to discover disease-modifying therapies from traditional knowledge base. She is an elected Fellow of all the 3 science academies in India, namely Indian National Science Academy, Indian Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Sciences, India. She is also a Fellow of the National Academy of Medical Sciences, India, Indian Academy of Neurosciences and Third World Academy of Sciences. She Dr. Vijayalakshmi Ravindranath is a recipient of the prestigious S.S. Bhatnagar award (1996), Omprakash Bhasin Award (2001), the J.C. Bose National Fellowship (2006) and Padma Shri (2010).

Mr. Tashi Tsering is currently working in Central University of Tibetan Studies, Varanasi. He studied Tibetan Astrological Science from Tibetan Medical & Astrology College, Dharamsala. He graduated in the year 1989 and worked in the Astrology Department for four years from 1990 to 1993. In 1994, he joined Central University of Tibetan Studies, Sarnath, Varanasi, as a visiting professor teaching Tibetan Astrological Science. In 1996, he was appointed a permanent lecturer of the same university in its Bhot Jyotish (Tibetan Astrology) Department. At present he is teaching Tibetan Astrological Science as an Associate Professor.

Mr. Tashi Tsering

Mr. Tenzin Nyendak was born in 1969 at the district of Tingkay in Tsang province of Tibet. He finished his primary and secondary school in Tibet. He escaped to India in 1985 and joined Tibetan Medical & Astrology College, Dharamsala on March 1993. He completed his Astrological and Astronomical studies in 1997 and supplemented his studies with a year of internship. In 2009 he was awarded the ‘Tsirampa’ degree after sitting for the qualifying examination. Since 1999 he has been serving this institute and presently holds the responsibility of Deputy Head of the Astrology department.

Mr. Tenzin Nyendak

Body, Mind & Life Conference

Biographies of the Speakers

Ven. Geshe Lhakdor

Ven. Chesa Drungchen Rinpoche

Ven. Geshe Lhakdor is the Director of the Library of Tibetan Works and archives in Dharamsala, India. He has served as His Holiness the Dalai Lama’s religious assistant and translator for many years and represents His Holiness’s vision and work at various national and international conferences and forums. Geshe Lhakdor studied Buddhist philosophy at the Institute of Buddhist Dialectics, where he received his Master of Prajnaparamita, and in 1989 his Master of Madhyamika with distinction in both. In 1989 he also received his Master of Philosophy (MPhil) from the University of Delhi. From 1986-1989, Geshe Lhakdor served as a translator and research assistant in the Tibet House, Cultural Centre of His Holiness the Dalai Lama in New Delhi. In 1989 he joined the Office of His Holiness the Dalai Lama as his religious assistant and translator, and since then has accompanied him in this capacity to over thirty countries around the world. In 1995, he received his Geshe Degree from the Drepung Loseling Monastic University in South India. He has translated, co-translated and co-produced several books by His Holiness, including The Way to Freedom, The Joy of Living and Dying in Peace, and Awakening the Mind and Lightening the Heart, among others. Geshe Lhakdor is a trustee of the Foundation for Universal Responsibility, Director of the Central Archive of His Holiness, a member of the Advisory Board of the Institute of Tibetan Classics in Montreal, Canada, and Honorary Professor at the University of British Columbia, Canada. He is also a member of the governing body of Men-Tsee-Khang.

Ven. Chesa Drungchen Rinpoche was born at Rabgong, Tibet. He started his primary education in 1976 and entered monastic discipline in 1980 to study Buddhist philosophy at Rongpo Thoesam Namgyalling. The Ven. Gyaltsab Sertri Dorjee Chang of Rabgong recognized him as the reincarnation of the late Chesa Drungchen Kunchok Lodoe Gyatso. He came into exile in 1993 and, under the guidance of His Holiness the Dalai Lama, entered Jangtse Monastery (South India) to undertake formal education in the five great volumes of Buddhist tenets. He completed his Uma study in 1999 and joined the Doctorate degree of ‘Lharampa’ study in 2003, successfully completing it in 2009. Thereafter, he joined Gyuto Tantric monastery to further his study in Tantric practice and graduated with the Tantric Doctorate. He served his monastery by taking the twin responsibilities of examiner as well as teacher for one year in 2010. Since 2011, under the guidance of His Holiness the Dalai Lama, he has been serving as the editorial board member in the compilation of the great ‘Kundue Chenmo’.

Biographies of the Speakers

Ven. Geshe Lobsang Khechok

Ven. Geshe Lobsang Khechok was born in Trike, Tibet. He started his education at the age of seven and completed his secondary education when he was seventeen years old. After he was ordained as a monk, he studied meditative practice, recitation, Astrology and Astronomy. Thereafter, he studied dialectic, nature of mind and logic from monastic institutes like Tashi Choeding and Tashi Khyil. Simultaneously, he received teachings on Tibetan grammar and poetry as well as religious teachings from many great teachers. He came into exile in 1994 and was enrolled in Drepung Gomang University. He completed his studies in the five great volumes of Buddhist tenets. He graduated with the Doctorate degree of ‘Lharampa’ in 2003. He spend one year at the Gyuemay Tantric University mastering the Tantric practice in 2009.Under the guidance of His Holiness the Dalai Lama, he has been serving as an editorial board member in the compilation of the great ‘Kundue Chenmo’.

Ven. Geshe Ngawang Sangay was born in Phenpo, Tibet. He grew up in a village taking care of his family cattle, until the age of nineteen, and learned the basics of reading and writing only when time permitted. He was ordained as a monk by his root master Lamrimpa Rinpoche in the year 1984 at Drepung University, Tibet. Under his root master, he took monastic vows and continued studying the great path and the nature of mind. He escaped to India in 1985 and enrolled in Drepung Loseling University. He studied the five great volumes of the Buddhist tenets under his master Khensur Rinpoche Yeshi Thupten for ten years. He enrolled himself for the doctorate degree of ‘Lharampa’ in 1996 and successfully attained the title in 2003. He later joined Gyuemay Tantric University to study Tantric practice for a year. Apart from continuing his studies and guiding young students in Buddhist philosophy, he was also appointed an editorial board member in the compilation of the great ‘Kundue Chenmo’, under the guidance of His Holiness the Dalai Lama. Ven. Geshe Ngawang Sangay Ven. Geshe Sherab Lhundup was born in the county of Trachen in the province of Dotoe, Tibet. After his primary education, he went to study at the Atong monastery and was blessed to receive teaching, oral instruction and empowerment from renowned scholars of the Bon tradition. Since seventeen years of age, he has been receiving in-depth teachings on Tibetan Astrology and Astronomy from many Tibetan Astrology scholars. He came into exile in 1993 and joined Menri Monastery to probe more intensively into the theory, practice and cultural aspects, and particularly in the sutra and tantric practice, of Bon tradition. After fifteen long years of intense study and successful completion of his studies he was awarded the title of the ‘Great Master of the Rabjam’. Since 1995, he has been serving as Astrology teacher at Menri Monastery and has been visiting extensively many dharma centers to speak on Buddhist philosophy and Astrology, at their request. Ven. Geshe Sherab Lhundup

Body, Mind & Life Conference

Biographies of the Speakers PROGRAM SCHEDULE OF BODY, MIND & LIFE CONFERENCE: JUNE 26 to 28, 2013 Ven. Nun Tashi Lhamo was born in 1978 in a family called Alo, in Gongo district of Kham, Tibet. She started learning reading and writing from her father at a very tender age. Unfortunately, she could not continue her studies as her father fell under the prosecution of the Cultural Revolution. Due to lack of opportunities to study in Tibet she fled to India and was ordained as a nun by His Holiness Drubwang Penor Rinpoche in 1995. Later in 1996 she joined Dolma Ling Nunnery and since then continues to actively engage in the study of Tibetan Buddhism.

Date & Day

DAY ONE Wednesday June 26, 2013

Main Topic

General Concept of Body, Mind and Life

Time

Seed of Body, Mind and Life

Mrs. Tsering Choezom joined Tibetan Medical & Astrology College to study Tibetan Astrology and Astronomy after finishing her schooling in 1983. She is the first woman to have formally completed the study in Tibetan Astrology and Astronomy in the history of Tibetan Diaspora. Since her graduation in the year 1988, she has been continuously serving this institute and has been travelling widely to foreign countries to give lectures and attend seminars. She was conferred the degree of ‘Tsirampa Chungwa’ in the year 2000 and ‘Tsirampa Dingwa’ in the year 2009. She served as an Astrology lecturer at Tibetan Medical & Astrology College from 1999 till 2002. She is presently serving as the head of the Astrology department.

DAY TWO Thursday June 27, 2013

Ven. Nun Tashi Lhamo

Buddhist Philosophy

02:30pm - 03:00pm

Dr. Thupten Gyaltsen

Tibetan Medicine

03:00pm - 03:30pm

Mr. Tenzin Nyendak

Tibetan Astrology

Ms. Tsering Choezom

03:45pm - 04:15pm

Dr. Vijayalakshmi Rabindranath

04:15 pm - 04:45pm

DISCUSSION AMONG THE SCHOLARS

04:45 pm - 05:30 pm

OPEN DISCUSSION (Q&A) Buddhist Philosophy

09:30am - 10:00am

Dr. Tenpa Choephel

Tibetan Medicine

10:00am - 10:30am

Ven. Geshe Sherab Lhundup

Tibetan Astrology

DAY THREE Friday June 28, 2013

10:45am - 11:15am

Dr. Terry V Eagan

11:15am - 11:45sm

DISCUSSION AMONG THE SCHOLARS

11:45sm - 01:00pm

OPEN DISCUSSION (Q&A)

Maintaining and Restoring Healthy Body, Mind and Life

02:00pm - 2:30pm

Ven. Geshe Lharampa Lobsang Khechok

Buddhist Philosophy

02:30pm - 03:00pm

Dr. Rakdo Lobsang Tenzin

Tibetan Medicine

03:00pm - 03:30pm

Dr. Sonam Rinchen

Tibetan Astrology

Body, Mind & Life Conference

TEA BREAK

03:30pm -0 3:45pm 03:45pm - 04:15pm

Dr. Charles Raison

04:15pm - 04:45pm

DISCUSSION AMONG THE SCHOLARS

04:45pm - 05:30pm

OPEN DISCUSSION (Q&A)

Dr. Tsewang Tamdin

Ms. Tsering Choezom

Modern Science

Dr. Pema Dorjee

TIBETAN CULTURAL SHOW AND DINNER Ven. Geshe Lharampa Ngawang Buddhist Philosophy Sangye

09:30am- 10:00am

Dr. Pema Dorjee

10:00am- 10:30am

Mr. Tashi Tsering

Tibetan Medicine Tibetan Astrology TEA BREAK

10:30am - 10:45am 10:45am - 11:15am

Prof. James S. Gordon

11:15am - 11:45sm

DISCUSSION AMONG THE SCHOLARS

11:45sm - 01:00pm

OPEN DISCUSSION (Q&A)

Modern Science

Dr. Dorjee Rabten Nyeshar

LUNCH BREAK

02:00pm - 02:30pm

Ven.Geshe Lhakdor

Buddhist Philosophy

02:30pm - 03:00pm

Dr. Tsewang Tamdin

Tibetan Medicine

03:00pm - 03:30pm

Ms. Tsering Choezom

Tibetan Astrology TEA BREAK

03:30pm - 03:45pm 03:45pm - 04:15pm

Dr. Joan Borysenko

04:15pm - 04:45pm

DISCUSSION AMONG THE SCHOLARS

04:45pm - 05:30pm

OPEN DISCUSSION (Q&A)

05:40pm

Modern Science

Moderator

LUNCH BREAK

01:00pm - 02:00pm

Men-Tsee-Khang wishes to thank all individuals who have directly or indirectly contributed to the Conference.

TEA BREAK

10:30am - 10:45am

09:00am- 09:30am

Factors Responsible for the Disturbance of the Body, Mind and Life

Modern Science

Ven. Geshe Lharampa Iesa Drungchen Rinpoche

05:30pm

Acknowledgement

TEA BREAK

03:30pm - 03:45pm

01:00pm - 02:00pm

Relationship between Body, Mind and Life

Domain

02:00pm - 02:30pm

09:00am - 09:30am

Ven. Nun Tashi Lhamo

Speaker

Modern Science

VALEDICTORY CEREMONY

Ven.Geshe Lhakdor

Copyright ï&#x203A;&#x2122; Men-Tsee-Khang, 2013 Published by Men-Tsee-Khang (Tibetan Medical & Astro. Institute of H.H. The Dalai Lama) Gangchen Kyishong, Dharamsala-176215 Distt. Kangra, H.P. INDIA Website: www.men-tsee-khang.org Email: bodymindlife@men-tsee-khang.org