It's an Animal's World

IT’S AN ANIMAL’S WORLD SUNDAY 23 FEBRUARY 2020

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It’s an Animal’s World

The Malta Independent on Sunday | 23 February 2020

Toco Toucan, Brazil

A walk on

THE WILD SIDE ALISON BUTTIGIEG is an award-winning wildlife photographer who, although originally from Malta, has lived in Finland for the last 14 years. She pursues her passion for wildlife photography in parallel with a 9-to-5 job as an IT Project Manager. Alison’s photography takes her to all four corners of the world, but her speciality is documenting the lives of African big cats.

Dayna Clarke invited Alison to take part in an interview for The Malta Independent on Sunday, to learn more about her work, inspiration, and her exciting plans for the future.

Dayna Clarke writes.

Leopard, Kenya

memories. Eventually, I became just as interested in the art of photography and the technical aspect itself.

What does your creative process look like?

The first thing is to decide on what subjects I want to photograph and then research the best places for opportunities to do so. I also meticulously study animal behaviour so that I can anticipate photo opportunities. Once in the field, it’s then just persistence and patience! Animals do not show up on cue, follow a script or take directions. I have to look out, monitor and observe them for a long time to get photos of them at the right moment, in good light and a suitable setting.

How would you describe your style?

In my photos I aim to create a connection between the viewer and the wildlife. I usually favour vibrant colours, intense eye contact and an intimate setting. Whether it is a portrait, or a behaviour shot, I always seek to capture the essence of the beauty and personality of the animals and, as a result, I am always on the lookout for dramatic, emotive moments.

Alison Buttigieg

What spurred on your interest to follow this creative path?

For as long as I can recall, I have always been fascinated by the natural world. My dream was to travel the globe to see wild animals in their natural habitat. I started to travel 17 years ago and back then I used to take snapshots simply to document

Verreaux’s Sifaka, Madagascar

What keeps driving you forward on your creative journey?

Photography is a powerful conservation tool. Many of the animals I photograph are threatened with extinction, so I feel it is essential to make people connect with them, care about them and understand them better. Photography can call attention to the threats faced by wildlife and it is an effective way to give animals a ‘voice’ and presence in social media.

Do you have a favourite image?

It usually keeps changing! But at the

Lions, Tanzania

moment my favourite one is of a pair of lions coupled with a rainbow behind them – it’s not every day you find lions at the end of a rainbow!

What style of photograph do you enjoy taking the most?

I enjoy every moment I spend in the wilderness with the animals, but my favourite moments are those I spend with big cat cubs. Apart from the obvious cute factor, I enjoy watching them play, interact and learn. It’s also fascinating to observe the dedication of the mothers in their daily struggle to keep their cubs safe and fed; cubs are very vulnerable and their lives are fraught with danger.

To date, what has been your greatest career highlight?

I photographed a Verreaux’s Sifaka ‘dancing’ in Madagascar, which was highly commended in a competition. It was shared by many newspapers and media outlets, including National Geographic and CNN. On top of this, it was also published in a book! The image is a joyful and funny one, so I was glad I could put a smile on the faces of people all over the world.

What do you love most about your job?

I get to visit some of the planet’s most iconic wilderness areas. There is nothing quite like spending days outdoors in nature, looking for – and following – the animals and not knowing what you are going to see next. Even though I have visited my favourite areas many times, I never fail to see new things and behaviour – it’s always exciting!

What does 2020 have in store for you?

This year I will be spending some time in my favourite areas in East Africa to expand

Tiger, India

my big cat portfolio. I will also be planning and preparing for my first trip to Patagonia in 2021.

What would be your advice to anyone considering this career path?

Practice and more patience! In the world of wildlife photography, you often only have a split second to take that perfect photograph. It is therefore essential that you do an immense amount of practice and know your equipment well, so that you can react instantaneously when an opportunity presents itself.

Photographing wild animals also takes patience: behind every good wildlife photo, there are usually weeks, months or even years of trial and failure – it is easy to forget this with so many wildlife images online.

Enjoy the process and the time spent with nature rather than focusing only on the end result. And, of course, always respect the animals and environment.

You can follow Alison’s wildlife work on Instagram, with the handle @cheetah80.

It’s an Animal’s World

The Malta Independent on Sunday | 23 February 2020

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A look into a working dog’s life: K-9 Unit & Customs Canine Unit Many dog-owners dream of taking their canine companion to work with them: to start the day with their best friend, for their dog to be admired and spoiled by their colleagues and to keep them company during the long tedious hours spent at work. But this dream would not be about their fluffy companions being able to search for explosives or sniff out narcotics. Gulia Magri writes.

Photos: Alenka Falzon

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his is the reality and daily routine of the Malta Police Force K-9 Unit and the Malta Airport Customs Canine Unit. The work, dedication and hours spent on training and taking care of these dogs pays off when you see how prepared they are for the tough work ahead of them.

Giulia Magri spoke to Police Sergeants and canine instructors from K9 Section Matthew Attard and Chris Formosa, and the Department’s Canine Unit head of Section Saviour Balzan and Canine Instructor Hilary Fenech about the training of K9 Unit dogs and Customs dogs and highlights the crucial bond between the dogs and their handlers.

What work do the dogs do?

At the headquarters of the Police Dogs Section in Mosta, Sergeant Attard explained that the dog section is divided into two parts: protection/assault dogs and search dogs.

“The work of our dogs has evolved over the years: the protection dogs are trained to apprehend criminals and for riot control and patrolling, and our search dogs search for explosives or narcotics,” explained Sgt Attard. He said that these dogs are trained to sniff out and locate narcotics/explosives and, once they find the scent, they give a clear passive indication.

There is also another important role that the dogs carry out: the protection of VIP dignitaries and public figures visiting the island. “Our Explosive K9 teams will also join in to search the area where these VIPs will be staying to ensure that the area is safe,” said Sgt Attard He said that such dogs will also be prepared to do crowd control during events such as big football games or even – if necessary – protests. The dogs usually work 12-hour shifts and have rest days – just like their handlers.

Sgt Attard explained that the first dogs to be used by the Malta Police Force was a group of four German Shepherds, which were originally trained in public order for crowd control back in 1985. The Force now has 30 fully operational dogs in the K9 Unit in addition to others that are still undergoing training. Such training these days is professionally carried out with more knowledge, more awareness when it comes to dog selection and ongoing cooperation with other foreign law enforcement agencies, especially those in the EU. Canine Unit head Senior Inspector Balzan explained that the Customs dogs are trained to sniff out drugs, large amounts of money and tobacco. “It is important that the dogs are able to concentrate when it comes to searching both luggage and passengers who enter or leave the airport,” he explained. He said that a dog’s sense of smell is extremely powerful compared to that of a human nose.

Canine Instructor Fenech added: “If you hid something very cleverly in a room full of things, it could take a person a few days to locate it. For a Customs dog, trained to find an object – be it money, drugs or tobacco – it would take less than an hour.” He said that it would take 30 officers to

replace one dog, which shows how important the dog’s input is.

The Customs dog has the same roster as its handler: some are day-in, day-out, and others work on shifts. “A dog’s shift is around 10 hours,” said Canine Unit head Balzan.

Training: All play for the dog Balzan made the point that the dogs do not consider their job as hard work, but instead a fun session of playing. “We train our Customs dogs with their own toys, and we always give them a reward when they do a good job.”

Police officers prefer breeds such as German Shepherds and Belgian Malinois, which are recognised for both their focus and their physical strength.

Customs officials, on the other hand, prefer to use Springer Spaniels and Labradors because of their temperament which means that passengers see them as less aggressive compared to police dogs.

“The training period is different for every dog but, on average, it takes 10 months to train them,” said Instructor Fenech. He explained that the dog must have both a ‘play and prey’ drive: firstly being capable and having enough stamina to play, and also ‘prey’, so that the dog is able to concentrate on the job, and not lose interest.

“Training consists of a form of imprinting process; we imprint a certain scent (money, drugs or tobacco) for the dog by leaving their toy next to such items so they pick up the smell. We then hide the toy for the dog to find and it will not search for the ball, but for the scent. Once they trace the ball, we always reward them to motivate them.”

Balzan stressed that the old myth that search dogs are given drugs is completely false; providing the dogs with narcotics would harm them and, in reality, the dogs are treated with a great deal of care.

Training police dogs begins with the training of the canine handlers who, just like the handlers of the Customs dogs, go through a long process of training to ensure that they will train and treat their dog to the best of their abilities. For a police dog, training is not just at the beginning of their career, but is continuous. Like Customs

dogs, those in the K9 Unit are trained through a reward system, and are given treats – or their toys – when they do their job correctly.

Sergeant Formosa explained that police dogs are not punished through electric collars or by hitting them – which is illegal as well as inhumane. “We punish the dog’s behaviour, not the dog as such,” said Formosa. “We punish the dog through giving it time out or by not giving the dog treats or the attention of its handler.”

It is clear that the dogs are healthy and welltreated and that they do their jobs willingly and enjoy it, because throughout their searches and drills their tails never stop wagging and they are constantly looking at their handlers. “Eye contact is extremely important,” said Attard.

“The dog constantly looks at his handler for his command and they have full trust in each other.”

A dog is not a tool, but a partner: the unbreakable bond between handler and dog Both K-9 Unit Sergeants and Customs Canine Unit highlight the importance of the bond between handler and dog. The dog is not seen as a mere tool or an object that can be put away after a long day – it is a partner. It would be hard not to see the satisfaction that handlers have while working with their dogs and their dedication when it comes to gaining the trust of their canine companion.

“To work well, the dog must trust you and understand you, to ensure that you can get the job done well,” explained Fenech. He said it is vital that the handler understands his dog and that the dog sees him as the leader, otherwise the dog will not do the job willingly.

“The bond needs to be strong and healthy, and the two need to work well together, complement their differences and support each other,” said Attard. “For us, these dogs are a vital part of the team.”

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It’s an Animal’s World

The Malta Independent on Sunday | 23 February 2020

Passport - c Air Malta’s

Charlene Camilleri, Head of Ancillary Revenue

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ecause of this, petowners go through the hassle of finding a pet sitter, or trying to find a suitable person who can take care of their cat or dog while they are on holiday.

But for those travelling with Air Malta, this is no longer the case.

Since 2012, Air Malta has provided the option for passengers to travel with their pet, be it a cat, a dog or even a rabbit!

Air Malta provides three options for taking a pet on an Air Malta flight: pets carried in the passenger cabin (PETC), pets as Accompanied Checked in Baggage (AVIH – which stands for live animals in hold), pets in cargo and Assistance dogs.

Giulia Magri talked to Charlene Camilleri, Head of Ancillary Revenue, and Stephen Gauci, Head of Corporate Communications, regarding what is involved when you take your pet on holiday.

Charlene said that the services have become extremely popular, and many people actually take their pets abroad with them.

It’s an Animal’s World

The Malta Independent on Sunday | 23 February 2020

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check. Tickets - check. Pet? Check! s ‘TRAVELLING WITH PETS’ services Today, more and more people are travelling; whether it’s for work, leisure or a lastminute flight deal, we find ourselves constantly looking forward to our next destination. While some people book flights without a second thought, there are those who might find it harder to book those flights because they have a pet they will have to leave behind for a certain period of time.

Giulia Magri writes.

Photos: Alenka Falzon carrying a PETC; the first row must be free of any obstruction, hence pets sit in Row 2 and behind,” explained Charlene. She said that it is a very popular service with passengers, and many are happy that they have the choice of travelling with their pet.

The Pet in Cabin service only applies to small cats and dogs, and the service is offered on Air Malta’s network – including UK routes, and Charlene explained that the service is only applicable out of the country.

“With regard to UK routes, a person cannot take their pet to the UK, but they can travel with their pet when they are leaving the country.”

Charlene highlighted the fact that pets should be at least 15 weeks old and must have been weaned for at least five days before travelling. The pet must remain in the container throughout the duration of the flight and the container must be big enough to allow the pet to stand up, turn, lie down and essentially be comfortable.

“These pets often fall asleep during the flight, and passengers will not be aware that there is a “Over the years it has become extremely popular, and we see people travelling with their pets for various reasons,” she said.

Some Erasmus students have used the service to take their cat or dog with them for the duration of the months they are abroad. “Even people who go to Sicily for the weekend sometimes take their pets with them,” says Charlene.

Have you ever had a sleeping cat under your flight seat?

Charlene explained that the PETC service allows passengers to bring a small cat or dog (up to 10kg, including the container) in the cabin on the aircraft. “It is important that the container can fit under the seat in front of you without blocking passage to the main aisle of the aeroplane,” she explained.

She said that for safety and security reasons, passengers carrying a pet cannot be allocated a seat next to a wing, a main exit or restricted seats, and will always be allocated a window seat. “This is also applicable for passengers travelling in Business Class

sleeping cat or dog underneath the seat!” she said. The container itself must be collapsible and comfortable for the pet.

You can now travel not only with your cat or dog, but with your rabbits, hares, ferrets and birds: AVIH services If your dog or cat – including the container – weighs more than 10kg, your pet’s flight will be booked as ‘Accompanied Checked-in Baggage’ or ‘AVIH’.

“The pet will not be in the cabin, but in the hold and the process is extremely easy, just as it is with luggage.” Charlene explained that, on arrival at the airport, the passenger hands over the pet in its container at check-in, along with the rest of the passengers’ baggage. Ideally, these passengers should arrive at the airport early. “When you have reached your destination, you can collect your pet, along with the rest of your luggage, from the Arrivals Hall at the airport.”

Charlene explained that it is important to register the pet’s flight details at least five working days in advance to ensure that there is enough space in the

FEES

Pets carried in the passenger cabin (PETC): A single payment of €70.00 per segment (non-refundable) is applicable per container the passenger carries to the cabin.

• Pets as Accompanied Checked in Baggage (AVIH): charged accordingly; 1. Small AVIH: weight 1-10kg: €70 2. Medium AVIH: weight 11-20kg: €100 3. Large AVIH: weight is 21-32kg: €150 • Pets in Cargo: Passengers need to contact Air Malta’s Cargo Reservation Department for pricing details on 22473750, 22473700 or email: kmcargo@network-airline.com plane’s hold. “It is important the pet’s crate has enough space around it and is not crowded with other cargo.” Once again, it is important that the pet’s crate is large enough for the pet to be comfortable and to be able to stand, sit and lie down.

Pets in Cargo hold Unlike PETC or AVIH services, pets and their crates that exceed 60kg in volumetric weight do not travel in the aircraft cabin but must travel as cargo. The drop-off and pick-up points are in the cargo warehouse rather than the airport. “It is important that you take your pet to the

cargo warehouse a minimum of three hours before your flight, allowing sufficient time for your travel arrangements to the airport,” explained Charlene.

Unlike the other services, all pets can travel as cargo, and the maximum crate height size is up to 110cm. Charlene explained that all the necessary paperwork must be done in advance.

For all services, pets must be checked by a licensed veterinarian before travelling and have the appropriate Pet Passport or health certificate. It is also important that the animal is in good health and able to cope with the flight.

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It’s an Animal’s World

The Malta Independent on Sunday | 23 February 2020

The 2020 MALTA ANIMAL WELFARE REFORM proposals The following are proposals that will be presented to Minister Anton Refalo after having been drafted by DR ROMINA FRENDO who is but one of a number of animal rights’ activists who have trapped, neutered, fostered, adopted and helped find homes for hundreds of animals over the years.

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ecause Animal Rights and subsequent welfare in Malta are not adequately addressed and in view of the fact that the Maltese are increasingly more cognizant of the fact that our animal friends demand the same love and care that they give to us plus the recognition of the suffering of all animals that goes on with impunity, ignored and perpetuated for far too long, a team of seven activists is now joining forces to present to the respective authorities, seven proposals that will affect and improve the quality of life of animals in the Maltese Islands.

RAR or Real Animal Rights for the Maltese Islands, as the new team is calling itself, is backing these proposals that are to be implemented as soon as possible and within this year, without further delay following necessary plans of action. RAR pledges to work with the respective authorities to deliver and implement the following seven proposals: 1.A national mass-neutering programme; 2.Responsible pet ownership that includes neutering and microchipping; 3.The compulsory chipping of bred dogs and cats; 4.Farm/working-animal welfare; 5.Wild Animals in Captivity − a review, assessment and re-evaluation; 6.Immediate removal of dangerous poisons widely available and thus abused; and 7.A respite centre to shelter and protect pets/animals whose elderly/sick owners can no longer keep and animals that roam the streets abandoned or lost. The centre would also cater for heavily pregnant animals to give birth in safety, rather than have these give birth and contribute to their suffering, injury and population growth on the streets.

A NATIONAL MASS NEUTERING PROGRAMME FOR CATS SPECIFICALLY As mentioned earlier, while a past Dogs Trust Neutering campaign had left much fruit when it was launched and implemented, cat feeders have for years been supported by clinics such as the NGO Happy Paws, among other vets who have offered reduced prices or who have offered members the opportunity to neuter and spay male and female cats, so that colonies would be controlled and less kittens would suffer cruel deaths on the streets.

However, since as a population, many cat owners do not neuter their pets and let them roam the streets impregnating or being impregnated by strays; since many cats are just abandoned in a heartless manner and left to fend for themselves in a terrifying and alien environment; since some feeders are unable or unaware of the benefits of neutering and since another sizable part of the population thinks that neutering is detrimental to their animals, cat colonies continue to grow and to suffer more. This must end.

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RESPONSIBLE PET/ANIMAL OWNERSHIP THAT INCLUDES NEUTERING AND MICROCHIPPING AND ADEQUATE LIVING STANDARDS AND CONDITIONS FOR ALL ANIMALS IN MALTA Where cats are involved, such responsible ownership would eliminate the contribution that irresponsible pet owners burden the stray community even further. If one takes the responsibility of owning a pet, this is no whimsical decision but one that must be borne with responsibility as is done in other countries which have successfully controlled the number of stray cats in their towns and cities, all because of regulation,

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Dr Romina Frendo

microchipping and neutering that are part and parcel of a national educational campaign.

The compulsory microchipping and registration of bred dogs and cats for sale We have many so-called unregulated “breeders” on the island. These people make a living out of the mating and subsequent breeding of animals, some of whom are abused through repeated mating cycles. This cannot go on.

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FARM ANIMAL WELFARE TO BE ASSESSED AND RE EVAULATED We demand an investigation and assessment of all national current practices in the upkeep, breeding, rearing and subsequent methods that are currently in practice in slaughter houses. These need review and reassessment in order to try and minimise the misery and pain at all stages.

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WILD ANIMALS IN CAPTIVITY − A REVIEW, ASSESSMENT AND RE EVALUATION It is with alarm that we hear of increasing numbers of wild animals being allowed into the Maltese Islands, even more alarming to hear of the seemingly uncontrolled numbers of wild animals currently held in so-called parks. We demand that these animals be assessed by international wildlife experts who will determine if standards are what they should be and in case that these are found to be sub-standard, organise a rehabilitation programme to have these animals returned to adequate and suitable environments.

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Immediate removal of dangerous poisons widely available and thus abused Calls to end the abuse have been ignored. Pet and stray cats and dogs have died and are still dying horrible deaths due to this abuse by individuals who make it their responsibility to inflict maximum damage and exterminate colonies because they deem it their right to do so.

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A RESPITE NO KILL CENTRE FOR ORPHANED/HOMELESS/SPECIAL NEEDS ANIMALS NEEDS TO BE IDENTIFIED A centre to shelter and protect pets whose elderly/sick owners can no longer keep their pets; to take in cats, dogs, birds, rabbits, even horses and less frequently farm animals etc. who roam the streets abandoned or lost and which are not collected by Animal Welfare because it is not their policy to collect such animals unless injured. The centre would also cater for heavily pregnant animals to give birth in safety, rather than have these give birth and contribute to their suffering, injury and population growth on the streets.

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If you agree with the proposals, please sign and share the petition available on: https://secure.avaaz.org/en/community_petitions/dr_an ton_refalo_minister_for_agriculture_fisheries_the_2020_m alta_animal_welfare_reform_proposals/?aXWRJjb or simply Google The 2020 Malta Animal Welfare Reform proposals and sign.

The Malta Independent on Sunday | 23 February 2020

It’s an Animal’s World

Improving the LIVES OF OUR PETS SUE PORTELLI DEMAJO, who is a specialist in veterinary physiotherapy, has always had an affinity with passion – and an affinity – for animals. Back in 2004, Sue travelled to the University of Queensland in Australia to complete her Master’s Degree in the field and now works full-time managing her caseload, and visiting homes and stables across Malta. She rehabilitates animals with a wide variety of acute and chronic conditions and provides a complete service to any pet needing her attention.

Dayna Clarke writes.

What is animal physiotherapy?

Sue explains: “First and foremost, any individual working in this special field should be regulated under the Health Care Profession Act, since the healthcare profession is regulated to bear the title of a physiotherapist with a speciality in Veterinary Rehabilitation.

There is growing evidence that physiotherapy skills can be adjusted to target injuries commonly found in both small and large animals.”

Veterinary physiotherapy is the management of an animal following an injury to the point where it is able to return to full function. This involves a thorough and very close multidisciplinary assessment of neuromuscular movement patterns and their associated behaviour, together with a detailed historical record of the animals’ performance if used in sport. Following this, any problems identified are dealt with through an appropriate rehabilitation programme.

Animals have a high capacity for adapting to movement dysfunction in order to maintain their usual behaviour, so the management of an animal with physiotherapy involves a continuous cycle of assessment and treatment to ensure that the injury is being managed effectively.

Animal physiotherapists use a wide variety of modalities in their work, including manual therapy, electrotherapy, acupuncture and exercise. The aim is to relieve pain, to improve overall function, to strengthen and maintain the stability of the joints, to ensure the prevention of recurring injuries and to also educate the owners about correct care and rehabilitation.

Sue believes it is essential to treat the animal as a whole. She adds: “The greatest success comes from having a close and diligent eye for altered movement patterns and changes in animal behaviour, and from working intensively hand-inhand with the veterinary practice responsible for the pet’s

care as well as with the animal’s owner.”

When examining a pet, Sue palpates from nose to tail.

Animals are very good at compensating and without verbal feedback gained from humans – her ‘hands-on’ skills have been fine-tuned to assess and treat accurately. Treatment sessions are always varied, and Sue exploits every opportunity to maximise recovery in every aspect.

Animal physiotherapy benefits include: • Acceleration of the rehabilitation process and restoration of function • Reduction of pain and inflammation • Improvement of joint range of motion and muscle strength • Prevention of further movement dysfunctions or injuries • Optimisation of performance in sport/show Conditions treated include: (Much like a human caseload) • Orthopaedic cruciate ligament/cartilage of knee (stifle); fractures; hip/elbow dysplasia; muscle and tendon injuries, patella luxation • Neurological – including spinal injury, peripheral nerve • Pre and post-surgical for any musculoskeletal/neurological condition • Degenerative joint disease (osteoarthritis, geriatric) • Back pain/injury • Soft tissue/ sporting injuries • Poor conditioning (eg following cancer treatments, obesity, cardiovascular) Animal Physiotherapy in Malta Sue point out that, locally, pets have become an essential part of the family and are increasingly being regarded as equals. This is something she has witnessed more and more since the start of her career in 2005. She feels that owners are progressively becoming more aware and concerned about the health and wellbeing of their pets and are dedicating more time to preventative and elective veterinary procedures and care. She points out that it is imperative to collaborate with vets and her work is steadily gaining recognition.

Sue says it is important to note that, just like humans, physiotherapy is not suitable for all dogs or all other animals. She adds that, in some animal neurological cases, therapy is not recommended. On a positive note, however, over the years Sue has successfully rehabilitated a wide variety of animals – including a monkey and a chicken with a broken leg!

Her primary area of interest, however, remains physiotherapy for dogs and horses. “It is an exciting role, and no two days are ever the same! I could get a call about a dog with a sudden loss of skills, or a puppy needing more support. I have also had some sad rescue cases. Still, with the dedication of new adoptive parents, there is a growing awareness that recovery of function is now a possibility, as well as an opportunity in his new home.”

If you would like any further information on how Animal Physiotherapy can help, feel free to send Sue a message on www.facebook.com/animalphysiomalta

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It’s an Animal’s World

The Malta Independent on Sunday | 23 February 2020

Horticulture session at the Richmond Foundation's Villa Chelsea.

Photo: Kristina Govorukha

Blooming Minds ecotherapy session at BirdLife Malta's Simar Nature Reserve. Photo: Kristina Govorukha

Ecotherapy session for Richmond Foundation service users.

Photo: BirdLife Malta

Repotting of succulents for the service users of Villa Chelsea.

Photo: BirdLife Malta

Villa Chelsea service users during a nature arts and crafts session at Christmastime

Repotting of succulents for the service users of Villa Chelsea.

Photo: BirdLife Malta

MALTA’S FIRST ECOTHERAPY PROGRAM delivers tangible results through CONNECTING WITH NATURE Blooming Minds, a joint collaboration between BirdLife Malta and Richmond Foundation, supports people living with mental health conditions through outdoor sessions in nature.

Nathaniel Attard writes

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umans are part of nature. We were designed in this way and living in harmony with nature makes us happy and healthy.

With progress, our lives became concentrated inside buildings, and our habitats became urbanised. According to various estimates, our time outside has shrunk to 1%–5% since the 1980s. Many scientists find such separation from nature in its original meaning destructive for our physical and mental health. That is why more and more doctors refer to ecotherapy – various outdoor practices that help to improve our health through reconnection with nature.

Many studies confirm the effectiveness of ecotherapy in the normalisation of heart rate and several other health conditions, and general mental wellbeing. Interaction with nature reduces

stress and helps people develop a more positive outlook which as a consequence, strengthens the body’s immune system.

Even simple living in greener areas has a remarkable impact on our well-being.

Green living is associated with lower probabilities of cardiovascular disease, obesity, diabetes, asthma hospitalisation, mental distress, and ultimately mortality among adults; and lower risks of obesity and myopia in children. By comparison, urban surroundings lead us to higher stress.

In Malta, 96.2% of the population is urban. In such circumstances, ecotherapy gains even higher importance. That’s why BirdLife Malta as an environmental organisation that has direct access to nature reserves, initiated different ecotherapy activities to support mental well-being in Malta.

Together with the Richmond Foundation, last year we started the Blooming Minds ecotherapy program at our nature reserves for those who live with mental health problems. This is a first for Malta and has brought about the development and implementation of an inclusive ecotherapy program of outdoor sessions in nature that is creating opportunities for people with mental health problems to spend time in nature, enjoy its therapeutic effect and improve their mental health and well-being.

At the same time, with the Ministry for Education and Employment, we are also pushing for outdoor education in the curriculum to help our children grow healthier. Our Dinja Waħda school programme connects classroom learning with outdoor education through nature.

During the year BirdLife Malta also organizes dozens of outdoor activities for the wider public. A research study we

“Initial results that evaluated how participants in Blooming Minds were feeling before and after sessions show a decrease in anxiety by 38%, an increase of 24% in comfort and 15% in happiness” carried out in collaboration with the University of Malta shows that learning outdoors is especially beneficial for children for a healthy development and enhanced learning experience. The findings have provided documented evidence to show how vital connection with nature and outdoor education are for health, well-being and education.

Initial results promising for Blooming Minds’ long-term impact Our Blooming Minds collaborative project creates opportunities in nature through a programme of inclusive activities including nature arts and crafts, gardening and conservation work that help to improve mental health and inspire an appreciation for the environment.

Launched in January 2019 thanks to a grant of €17,000 after placing third in the Malta Social Impact Awards 2018 from a total of 35 applications submitted, the project has already began running a series of ecotherapy sessions for

Richmond Foundation service users at BirdLife Malta’s nature reserves and in the community gardens where the participants reside such as Villa Chelsea – a residential property run by the Richmond Foundation.

Initial results that evaluated how participants were feeling before and after sessions show a decrease in anxiety by 38%, an increase of 24% in comfort and 15% in happiness, with these set to improve further following regular engagement with the programme, demonstrating a promising future for the project’s long-term impact.

It is BirdLife Malta’s long-term goal to extend Blooming Minds to the general public but the project’s initial funds are now running out and for this to continue, more funds need to be raised. These will ensure the continuation and growth of the program to help more people with mental health problems in Malta – but hopefully also the wider public – to benefit from ecotherapy and thus improve their mental well-being. Those wishing to support Blooming Minds can donate here: http://bit.ly/donate-tobirdlifemalta.

Spending time in nature has a powerful impact on health and well-being. We have experienced first-hand participants feeling happier and less stressed in just a few hours in a nature reserve. Imagine how we could change people’s lives if we expand the program and increase the regularity of their contact with the outdoors!

Read more about Blooming Minds here: http://bit.ly/BloomingMinds.

Mr Attard is Communication Manager, BirdLife Malta

It’s an Animal’s World 9

The Malta Independent on Sunday | 23 February 2020

All creatures great and small MEET THE MAN PIONEERING MALTA’S INSECT WORLD Insects are everywhere; some people find them fascinating while others cannot even stand the thought of them.

Either way, we share this planet with millions of creepy-crawlies. Insects were here on earth long before human-beings, and they are here to stay, says Dayna Clarke.

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t will come as no surprise that there are greater numbers of insects on earth than human beings, with over one million named species and many more still to be identified. Ultimately, insects are integral to the world in which we live. Some keep economies running by pollinating flowers and crops and by controlling pests that would otherwise devastate crops.

Insects devour waste, helping to break it down while themselves being devoured: they are a vital part of the food chain.

Dayna Clarke speaks to Professor David Mifsud (Institute of Earth Systems, University of Malta) to discuss his work, and the bug world in Malta. David is one of the handful of experts who has dedicated most of his life to studying these fascinating creatures. Two years ago, he was awarded the Gieħ ir-Republika by the President of Malta for his contributions to insect studies in Malta.

The Professor is passionate about insects – a passion that has had since childhood. “When I was a small boy, I used to spend most of my time in my parents’ garden, looking at ants and woodlice. This probably sparked my love of insects. From an early age, I used to tell everyone that I wanted to become an insect professor and from Grade 5, I already had a nickname: Mosquito!” I recall with fondness that we had to do a science project and I did a nice one on mosquitoes and their role in disease transmission. So, I think this is how my journey into the insect world started!”

Following his interest, Mifsud studied for a BSc in Chemistry and Biology and completed his dissertation on the whiteflies and their parasitoids of Malta. “It was all new back then, as no one had ever studied these locally”, he said. “I then completed a Master’s degree, with a dissertation on the jumping plant lice of Malta.

“I also completed an additional diploma in Entomology as well at the Natural History Museum of London, where I worked for a year. Following this work, I had several offers to go abroad and complete my PhD thesis on insects so I went to Switzerland where I submitted a thesis on a group of jumping plant lice distributed mainly in South East Asia and described some 40 species new to science.

“Since then, I have worked in many natural history museums, mainly across Europe, and have collaborated with many other scientists across the globe and published over 150 scientific papers on insects.

“In these last 10 years, my team and I have set up a new journal devoted entirely to the study of insects in Malta. It is The Bulletin of the Entomological Society of Malta and so far we have produced 10 volumes with more than 200 scientists collaborating on different research papers and copious information. In fact, with these volumes, we have provided information on more than 1,600 species of insects, of which more than

Professor David Mifsud

400 were recorded for the first time from Malta. There were also three species described as new to science in this journal, a small parasitic wasp and two small moths.”

One of the most recent species Mifsud discovered is known as a ‘gall midge’, Asphondylia scopuli which is a very small insect that causes pea-like galls to develop in an endemic saltbush plant (Atriplex lanfrancoi) found on coastal cliffs.

“Apart from these species, we have many more species that are endemic to the Maltese Islands, which means that they are found only in the Maltese archipelago and nowhere else in the world,” he said. “In the last few years I have described around 20 of these, and others were named to honour my work such as Amaurops mifsudi

Poggi, (1999) a small beetle which lives in the soil. At present, together with a colleague of mine, David Dandria, we are currently compiling a complete list of all insects recorded in Malta. We estimate that we may have some 56,000 species locally” But how exactly is our environment suited to them?

David Dandria is quick to respond. “Although Malta is small, there is certainly plenty of space where these lovely creatures can live. We have many different habitats. The problem is that these various habitats are usually small and very little is done to keep these places as natural as possible. Coastal sand dunes account for less than 2.5 per cent of the coastline. This is such a tiny area, and in these places we find genuinely unique insects.

“I feel we do not adequately conserve them”, he continued. Often tourism and recreation take precedence.

Saltmarshes are also unique. There is one in Marsaxlokk (Il-Balluta) which is abandoned and in an unfortunate state to say the least. On paper, we have so much ‘protected’, but in reality, I am not afraid to admit we do so little to protect what is left of our fragile natural environment.”

While the national picture may appear bleak to Mifsud, he is adamant that a great deal can be done at an individual level to protect the insect world. “There are so many things we can do to help insects. We can plant native flowering plants for bees to visit, we can create solitary bee hotels – made from wood and bamboo shoots – in our outdoor spaces, we can clean the environment around us.

Needless to say, when we go outside, we should never leave rubbish behind.”

In conclusion, Mifsud says: “We should all be more sensitive to the environment and learn that, without biodiversity, humankind will be wiped out in a very short time. We depend entirely on the biodiversity out there. So, we need to protect it and help it to flourish. Above all, we need to educate people and create awareness – and we need to start this with children from a very young age.

“Apart from their economic worth, insects are vital to safeguard nature. While there are only around 1,000 vascular plants, 25 breeding birds, 10 mammals, a few reptiles and two amphibians recorded in Malta, there are thousands of insects – and this is just the start!” he adds.

12

It’s an Animal’s World

In the quiet hamlet of Bidnija, one would find a small blue door, which is the main entrance to Equilibrium Malta, an animal practice which integrates conventional veterinary medicine and complementary medical modalities.

Giulia Magri writes.

Photos: Alenka Falzon

E

quilibrium Malta is owned by Dr Zoran Jankovic, who after obtaining his degree in veterinary medicine from the University of Belgrade, moved to Malta to pursue his career as a vet. The Malta Independent visited Dr Zoran at his practice to learn about his therapeutic approach to his patients’ health.

During our visit, Dr Zoran was treating Gandalf, a 13-year-old Labrador, who in the past few years suffered from chronic cough and arthritis, and after taking numerous medications and antibiotics, his owner, Charlotte saw no improvement.

Once Dr Zoran began his treatment on Gandalf, he began to show signs of improvement straight away. From having very low energy levels, and only being able to walk 15 minutes; now Gandalf is capable of walking for up to two hours. In addition to regular acupuncture sessions Gandalf is also taking Chinese herbal medicine formula.

Although slightly hesitant at first during the treatment, all

The Malta Independent on Sunday | 23 February 2020

eyes on the newsroom’s team, Gandalf finally settled down, as both Dr Zoran and Charlotte petted him. After taking care of Gandalf, Dr Zoran sat down and spoke to Giulia Magri about his practice and the use of traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine.

What led you to excel in such a profession?

From a very early age I was fascinated with zoology, biology, natural sciences and a love for animals. It is difficult to explain, but from the moment I could talk I have always wanted to be a vet.

This calling grew stronger with a love and interest for science in school. Today, this love is fueled by a passion for helping others, both animals and their humans. I think the key in excelling in any profession is love and passion for what you do.

How would you describe traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine?

Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine (TCVM), although relatively new to the Western

world, is a medical system that has been used in China to treat animals for thousands of years. It is an adaptation and extension of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) used to treat humans.

Speaking broadly, Chinese medicine is a complete body of thought and practice grounded in Chinese Daoist philosophy.

In Chinese medicine theory, disease is understood as an imbalance in the body, and diagnosis proceeds through identifying the underlying “pattern” of disharmony. Pattern diagnosis differs from conventional Western medical diagnosis in that it takes into account not only disease signs but how these signs relate to the individual patient. Thus, TCVM practitioners will consider the temperament, sex, age, activity and environment of an animal along with the animal’s particular disease signs. This approach stems from the belief that the body is as an interconnected system of forces and functions so that disease and disharmony must be examined with respect to the whole

patient. For this reason, Chinese medicine is often regarded as more holistic than conventional Western medicine.

Once a particular type of disharmony or disease pattern is identified, treatment often proceeds through a combination of treatment modalities. Though the terms Chinese medicine and acupuncture are often used interchangeably in the West, acupuncture is actually only one modality or “branch” of TCM and TCVM. There are four branches of TCVM – Acupuncture, Herbal medicine, Food therapy and Tuina − a wide range of therapeutic massage and body work.

What inspired you to focus on more Traditional Chinese Veterinary medicine and internal medicine?

After obtaining a formal education in veterinary medicine and practising for several years, I realized that standard veterinary treatment was not always the most effective means of curing illnesses. This prompted me to search for additional methods and complementary practices

It’s an Animal’s World 13

The Malta Independent on Sunday | 23 February 2020

Improving your PET’S HEALTH and WELLBEING through INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE diagnosed the horse with severe pain due to gastric ulcers. As soon as the tutor placed acupuncture needles in the horse, his facial expression and whole demeanor started to change in front of our eyes. He transformed into a relaxed and agreeable horse in a matter of minutes, and even began showing affection to the therapist with gentle head nudges. This certainly caught my attention.

Was it difficult to integrate Traditional Chinese Veterinary medicine into your existing practice?

My first acupuncture case, as soon as I finished my TCVM training, was my long time patient, a very sweet dog named Buddy. One day after a boisterous romp on the beach, Buddy ended up paretic on his hind legs and he was in a lot of pain. I was still in Madrid when this happened and Buddy was treated with the usual Western medication protocol.

However, there was no improvement and Buddy’s pain was in fact getting worse. After treating Buddy and applying everything I had just learnt from

that can be used in veterinary medicine. After experimenting with many “alternative” practices, in 2016 I decided to obtain a certification in Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine from the Chi Institute of Europe in Madrid.

At the beginning I was pretty sceptical as I had very little experience with Traditional Chinese medicine in general.

However, as soon as I immersed myself in the study, I began witnessing results that can only be described as miraculous. I will never forget our first practice class at the Chi Institute. We were working with a horse that was fractious, almost dangerous.

The tutor used a TCVM scan (by applying pressure to meridians and specific acu-points) and

Chi Institute, his owners had called me, to inform me that Buddy was relaxing in his bed with all four legs in the air; something which he hadn’t done in weeks! After a couple more weekly treatments Buddy was able to run like nothing ever happened. From then on I was hooked on Chinese medicine and I never looked back.

Many have labeled you as a holistic vet; would you describe yourself as such?

I think terms such as “holistic” or “natural” are very often abused and misused these days.

We can often see a range of various services and products that are labeled as “holistic” while in reality they are anything but holistic and natural and have

very little to do with evidencebased medicine.

I would say I practise integrative medicine for animals.

Integrative medicine incorporates all appropriate and evidence-based therapeutic approaches from both conventional and complementary medicine, that are likely to improve an individual patient’s health and well being. I do believe integrative medicine is the future for both human and animal medicine.

Why do you believe moving away from conventional medicine to more alternative and ‘holistic’ practices benefit animals?

I never really “moved away from conventional medicine”. I don’t see medicine as “conventional” or “alternative”, I just see different sets of tools that we may have at our disposal.

I am very happy that I have more than one set of tools in my veterinary bag. For example when you compare Western veterinary medicine and traditional Chinese veterinary medicine you may see them as separated by great abyss.

However, bridging this gulf is not an impossible task.

Generally, the goals of both Western or conventional medicine and traditional Chinese veterinary medicine are the same; they both promote health and prevent disease. They are merely two different ways of viewing the world and each system has its strengths and weaknesses. For example Western medicine deals efficiently with acute diseases and has advanced surgical techniques. Chinese medicine, on the other hand, can be beneficial

for chronic disease, especially those that Western medicine can only control but not cure.

between the non-acupuncture point and acupuncture point anatomical structures.

One of the procedures you provide is acupuncture. Could you explain the procedure and how this benefits the animal?

Acupuncture is a form of treatment that involves inserting very fine needles through the skin at specific points on the body, to various depths. The classical Chinese explanation is that channels of energy run in regular patterns through the body and over its surface. These energy channels, called meridians, are like rivers flowing through the body to irrigate and nourish the tissues and organs.

An obstruction in the movement of these energy rivers is like a dam that backs up in others.

By needling the acupuncture points, the needles unblock the obstruction at the dams, and reestablish the regular flow through the meridians.

Acupuncture treatments can help the body’s internal organs to correct imbalances in their digestion, absorption, and energy production activities.

Modern day scientific research continues to confirm classical Chinese theory. Previously, scientists used a combination of imaging techniques and CT scans to observe concentrated points of microvascular structures that clearly correspond to the map of acupuncture points created by Chinese energy practitioners in ancient times. In a study published in the Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena, researchers used contrast CT imaging with radiation on both nonacupuncture points and acupuncture points. The CT scans revealed clear distinctions

On your website you also speak in detail regarding a natural diet for pets. Could you explain how focusing on your pet’s diet will benefit the pet’s welfare?

In my clinical experience, a wide variety of different health conditions can be healed by simply changing the food without any other medical intervention and this is pretty much in line with the ancient Ayurvedic proverb: “If diet is wrong, medicine is of no use. If diet is correct, medicine is of no need.”

Even before studying food energetics in Chinese medicine it was clear to me that the majority of health problems and degenerative conditions in our pets stem from an inadequate diet, exactly the same like in humans. For over a decade now I have been advocating for what we call biologically-appropriate diets for our pets. Therefore, I recommend nutritionallybalanced, species-appropriate diets, which means fresh food containing high-quality animal protein, moisture, healthy fats and fibre, with low to no starch content.

The new research continues to provide us with fascinating insights into the importance of gut micro biome. We now know that these tiny microorganisms, which live in both our and our pets’ digestive tract, play a key role in the normal functioning of the whole body. Feeding highlyprocessed and biologically inappropriate food causes severe microbial imbalance in the gut and this has a domino effect on a wide variety of health parameters.

14

It’s an Animal’s World

The Malta Independent on Sunday | 23 February 2020

SENIOR DOGS still have LOVE TO GIVE Common misconceptions about older dogs often put them at a disadvantage, as they are passed over for younger dogs. MARY ANDREW, a volunteer at the Noah’s Ark Sanctuary, and RICHARD ATTARD MONTALTO, who is a worker at the Ark, spoke to Shona Berger about their experience when it comes to adopting older dogs, and why this can be so beneficial to one’s life Photos: Alenka Falzon

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ichard Attard Montalto joined Noah’s Ark back in 2005, working at the sanctuary from the start and knowing all the dogs inside out. Noah’s Ark is a shelter that has been taking in a huge number of abandoned dogs for 16 years. The sanctuary’s aim is to support the dogs, provide them with everything they need and make them feel as welcome and comfortable as possible.

“Noah’s Ark Sanctuary is currently providing a home for 75 abandoned dogs,” Richard said.

All the kind volunteers at the sanctuary work tirelessly to provide a temporary home for these dogs, who are ultimately just looking for a loving owner who will give them a home and fill them with love and joy.

Mary, who is very fond of dogs has been a volunteer at the Ark for four years. She has also taken in a number of older dogs herself, as she currently owns four, two of which were adopted from the Sanctuary. The last dog she adopted, less than a year ago, was Bruno, who she describes as “the perfect dog.” At the time he was one of the oldest dogs in the sanctuary, she said.

Mary said that Bruno had been at the sanctuary for 10 years, and during those 10 years he, together with some of the older dogs at the sanctuary, had formed their own pack. Eventually, most of the dogs in the pack were either adopted or passed away from old age, resulting in Bruno being the only dog left from his pack. Mary said that this was the reason she decided to take him home.

A dog is generally considered to be a

senior at the age of seven or eight, and Bruno is around 13. Mary tends to adopt older dogs rather than puppies, telling The Malta Independent on Sunday that one of the many reasons why she tends to adopt older dogs is because it suits her age, since she is a senior herself. She added that she also “finds older dogs much calmer, very loving and exceedingly grateful.”

Mary said that because Bruno is a senior, she did not have any issues when it came to house-training him and settling him down with her other three dogs, as older dogs are much easier to handle due to their settled behaviour.”

On the other hand, “If one had to take in a puppy, this would have been more challenging for the owner as puppies tend to be very messy and extremely energetic”, she said.

One of the biggest benefits of adopting older dogs is that they have already learnt the basics and are no longer in their curious puppy or rebellious adolescent stages. This means that for someone who works long hours, leaving an older dog at home will certainly cause fewer problems or be less disruptive, than a puppy.

Richard added: “A lot of people decide not to adopt an older dog because of its health and lifespan”. However, there is no way of knowing what is in store for a dog of any age. “Just because you decide to adopt a young dog, does not mean it won’t have any problems in a few months or years. The same goes for when you decides to adopt an older dog, because there is no guarantee that you will lose it within a few months or a year,” he said.

It’s an Animal’s World 15

Mary Andrew, a volunteer at the Noah’s Ark Sanctuary and Richard Attard Montalto, a worker at the Ark

Mary also added that when it comes to any of the health problems that a dog might have in his life: “People should realise that this does not only happen with senior dogs, as issues will eventually arise with young dogs aswell.”

Richard said that the charity organisation in Malta called Happy Paws is available to help, as its aim is to provide a service to people who adopt stray dogs or other animals. It has what is referred to as ‘an adoption scheme’, and they have an agreement with Noah’s Ark. Therefore, people who adopt dogs from the Noah’s Ark Sanctuary will be able to benefit from such a service.

The whole purpose of this scheme is to help people who have officially adopted

a dog that is at least two years old. They provide medical advice as well as any treatment that is needed by the dog during its life, free of charge (medication is not included). On adoption, the dog will be neutered and micro-chipped, so if one adopts an older dog, the scheme is there to help. Richard added: “Most of the time, this scheme is not used as many people prefer their own vets, but the option is still available.”

Mary and Richard strongly believe that, regardless of a dog’s age or longevity, they all have a great deal of love to give and are just looking for a loving owner who will be willing to take them into their home and fill them with care and affection.

Mary Andrew with on of her senior dogs

Photo: Mary Andrew

Photo: Mary Andrew

Photo: Mary Andrew

The Malta Independent on Sunday | 23 February 2020

16

It’s an Animal’s World

The Malta Independent on Sunday | 23 February 2020

NOT ALL SNAKES in the GRASS ARE BAD: living with exotic animals When we think of domestic pets, we mainly picture the usual cat or dog curled up on the sofa close to their owner.

Giulia Magri writes.

V

ery few would picture having a long, strong dumeril boa snake wrapped around their shoulders, feeling confident and happy to be in the company of a reptile which can grow up to six feet long. But for Etienne Carter, this is exactly his reality, having over 20 reptiles and exotic animals under his roof – all of which he takes care of and is extremely grateful to have.

Not many associate reptiles and exotic animals as the usual domestic pet for a number of reasons – be it a lack of knowledge on the species or the numerous myths and misconceptions about reptiles passed on through generations and the media. This can also be seen through the English language, where most idioms involving snakes are usually related to someone trying to deceive you (snake oil salesman) or to ‘nurture a snake’ when one nurtures a person who will only harm you. Giulia Magri spoke with Etienne to understand more about the cold-blooded reptiles and why, in actual fact, they can turn out to be the perfect pet.

What lead you to get a reptile as a pet and what was your first one?

Growing up, I already knew I was a huge animal lover. I recall the numerous times I would pick up any type of creature I found on the way home – from a small lizard

to pregnant stray cats and dogs. You can just imagine my mum’s reaction! Up to a few years ago, I simply kept the normal fluffy cute pets, until I began working in real estate and my lifestyle changed dramatically. I no longer had much time on my hands but, as an animal lover, I still wanted to have a pet in my life.

I’ve never been into reptiles that much, but I came up with the idea of getting a small snake – an albino cornsnake – and leaving it in my office.

How many reptiles do you have now?

In total I have 25 reptiles of different types and species! At the moment I have a selection of five different corn snakes, all of which have different morphs. They are docile nature, reluctance to bite, moderate in size, have an attractive pattern and are commonly kept pet snakes.

I have three types of king snakes, these tend to be opportunistic in their diet –they eat other snakes.

I have a Burmese Albino python – which are among the largest snakes in the world. They can reach over seven metres in length and can weigh up to 90 kilos!

I also have a reticulated python, which is the world’s longest snake and which, unfortunately, is hunted for its skin for use in traditional medicine and for sale as a pet.

I have a western Hognose snake, a couple of ball pythons and a dumeril Boa – which make great pets.

Apart from snakes, I also have a selection of different geckos, a couple of Uromastyx lizards and a pair of Bearded Dragons. The name refers to the beard of the dragon – the underside of the throat – which can turn black for a number of reasons, mostly as a result of stress. I also have a black and white Argentinean tegu and a brown Basilisk (commonly known as the striped basilisk or the ‘Jesus Christ lizard’, due to the fact that they move quickly across water, aided by their web-like feet, which gives them the appearance of ‘walking on water’.

Would you say that there is a strong reptile community in Malta and do you think that more people are choosing reptiles as pets?

Thanks to social media and the vast information found online, the reptile community is getting larger so, yes, compared to previous years, more people are choosing reptiles as pets. From my own experience, people sometimes choose a reptile not because they are interested in herpetology but to feel different from others and to stand out.

Why do you believe reptiles make such fantastic pets?

In my opinion they are far more suitable as pets than the more traditional pets such as cats, dogs and other small mammals. Reptiles fit in with today’s modern lifestyles as they are less time-consuming and are much easier to take care of than other traditional pets.

What is the most common misunderstanding people have about owning a reptile?

Reptiles and amphibians are among the most maligned and misunderstood groups of animals in the world for many reasons. There are a variety of myths, misconceptions and beliefs, all which persist due to fear and a lack of knowledge and information which can end up being potentially harmful to both humans and – even worse – the creatures themselves.

One of the most common myths I hear is that a snake that is not eating in captivity may be planning to escape, size up its owner and eat him or her! This false urban myth is both classic and funny, and I hear it too many times.

What are the benefits of owning a reptile?

Whilst owning a snake or lizard is definitely not for everyone, there are actually some great benefits from having a reptile for a pet!

It’s an Animal’s World 17

The Malta Independent on Sunday | 23 February 2020

Firstly, you get to enjoy silence, and you don’t need to worry about the neighbours complaining that your pet makes too much noise! Many animal lovers are unable to have a cat or dog because of allergies and reptiles are a great choice for people who suffer from such allergies.

There is also the advantage that if you keep your reptiles’ tank clean it is most likely that you won’t have to deal with unpleasant smells.

Just like any other pet, reptiles need a clean, comfortable habitat, proper food and regular care in order to stay healthy but, having said that, many reptiles don’t need as much day-to-day care as other types of pets. Some snakes, for instance, may only need to be fed once a week.

Another benefit is that your snake is definitely not going to tear your cushions or make holes in your sofa!

We understand that, from time to time, you are invited to events at L-ArkaTa’ Noe’ to exhibit your reptiles to the public and that you also have therapeutic sessions with them with children. How do you feel when you are showing your exotic animals to the public?

To form part of the team at L-Arka Ta Noe’, and knowing that you are surrounded by people who are spending their time doing something good, is truly one of the most inspiring feelings. You will realise that there are many other people out there and around you who want to make the world a better place.

I feel very grateful that I am able to donate my time towards a good cause and to help someone. In such

sessions, not only am I exhibiting my pets but I am also helping create a therapeutic atmosphere.

When you see a child with a disability petting a snake, you notice his/her smile and reactions. Seeing an autistic child feeling calm while petting different pets makes me feel blissful and incredibly grateful for my own life.

Regardless of what the cause is, if you are aware of what your work is benefitting, you will most likely feel incredibly grateful for all the goodness in your life. If you consider volunteering or donating to a cause that means a lot to you, I highly recommend it. Not only will you be helping others, but you will be helping to make your own life a more positive one.

What are the challenges one faces from owning reptiles?

Although there are some great advantages to having a reptile for a pet, you definitely want to do your research and think carefully before deciding to own one. Many reptiles are quite large, so make sure you can accommodate your pet when it is fully grown. Another thing to consider is your pet’s food: reptiles can have some rather unappealing dietary needs to say the least, and feeding them is not for the faint-hearted.

What advice would you give to someone who wants to have a reptile for a pet?

For many hobbyists, their first reptile serves as a teacher to help them understand reptiles in general. For this reason, it is important to start with something that is relatively easy to care for. Chameleons, whilst very beautiful, can be very difficult to care for without ample experience. For beginners, I would recommend the Bearded Dragon or a Leopard Gecko and for snakes I would recommend the cornsnake, the kingsnake or the ball python.

Etienne Carter

18

It’s an Animal’s World

The Malta Independent on Sunday | 23 February 2020

A passion for UNDERWATER PHOTOGRAPHY The Mediterranean Sea surrounding our small Maltese islands is a beautiful and unknown landscape and is ripe for exploring what lies beneath the sea, JON BORG told Shona Berger.

Photos: Jon Borg

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on Borg started diving back in June, and eventually included his passion for underwater photography. Throughout his life he has travelled to numerous places around the world, taking his camera everywhere he goes. Borg said that, as a well-travelled photographer, he has photographed many beautiful locations over the years. He has

captured “the serenity of Iran, the beauty of Burma, the eeriness of the Northern lights in Iceland, the vibrant colours of India and the calmness of Nepal and Tibet.”

After travelling the world, the sea was something Borg had never thought of exploring, until he met one of Malta’s very first recreational divers – Edward Arrigo.

He said that Arrigo is the person who encouraged him to take up scuba diving as a new activity in his life. This is because, at the time, Borg was going through a difficult period in his life and he used scuba diving as a way of clearing his head. He added that he has been hooked on exploring this new world ever since and has met many people in the process.

As he became more interested in what exists in the beautiful natural underwater world that Malta has to offer, Borg wanted to include his hobby of photography. He said he wanted to do this in order to capture the mystery and curiosity of a part of our country that many people never have the opportunity to see for themselves.

“The world on the surface tends

to be congested, chaotic and loud,” said Borg, but he discovered another life underwater which seems to be a place where he can find a unique sense of tranquillity.

Although this island is small, he says that the Mediterranean Sea surrounding Malta offers a vast range of stunning environments to explore, such as a number of “mysterious caves and life-filled reefs, as well as intriguing and

desolate shipwrecks.”

The experience of diving itself, said Borg, together with the photography, takes him into a world of his own. He added that the reason he decided to take up such a hobby was not just because it helped him clear his head during a difficult period in his life but also because he eventually came to the realisation that life underwater is a fantastic new world to discover.

It’s an Animal’s World 19

The Malta Independent on Sunday | 23 February 2020

The HEALING POWER of THERAPY HORSES Horses have the potential to influence people in powerful ways – assisting in emotional growth and learning. When it comes to supporting children and young people with disabilities, this is a subject ANDREW CAMILLERI knows all too well.

Dayna Clarke writes.

Photos: Michael Camilleri

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hen it comes to supporting children and young people with disabilities, this is a subject Andrew Camilleri knows all too well. Andrew is the Therapeutic Horseriding (THR) instructor and a physiotherapist at the Inspire Foundation for Inclusion in Marsascala. Working alongside a horse creates confidence, provides an insight into relationships as well as our behaviour and offers new skills when dealing with other intimidating or challenging situations in life. Through this interactive therapy, he has seen countless children benefit.

The Malta Independent on Sunday caught up with Andrew to discuss his fascinating role and the world of equine therapy.

What inspired you to start working in this area?

I started working voluntarily with horses a few years ago, here at Inspire. I worked with one little boy who has autism and is non-verbal. He was having a hard time familiarising himself with the horse so we worked together for many lessons, and he finally got it: he looked back at me and held his thumbs up. I was moved by the connection that we had and realised that if I could do that with one child, I could do it for so many more. That experience changed me – I came because of the horses, and the children stole my heart.

That sounds like an incredibly powerful experience.

When did you decide to start working full-time at Inspire?

It was a few years ago that I decided that working with equine therapy was my true calling. Last year I took up my current post here at Inspire, after graduating as a physiotherapist and specialising in equine animals.

We adhere to very high standards; all our instructors are extremely knowledgeable about the physical, emotional, and mental challenges that our clients face, and I knew that I wanted a more significant role within the organisation. All the members of staff here are incredibly compassionate and must be trained often to be in the arena with the clients, something for which I am grateful that Inspire actively supports.

Many of our horses have been donated and quite a few of them were rescued. We now have three horses for riding and one miniature welsh pony, Flick, who can’t be ridden but who allows the children to bond with the animals on the ground and get comfortable being around horses. We see between 75-80 clients a week with the help of a fantastic group of Inspire volunteers.

Seventy-five to eighty clients a week is quite impressive! What do the children get out of working with the horses?

Everyone is dealing with stress and animals can be extremely therapeutic: they never judge us. Even though they are huge, horses can be so kind and loving and understanding – they have so much personality! They stand with you in the moment. We work with quite a few children with autism and we’ve seen such fantastic growth in their learning, communication, and balance.

The children’s behaviour has improved, and they have become more social. I worked with one rider who was non-verbal when he came to us. Now he is really coming out of his shell! The horses give the kids a lot of confidence to achieve. It’s essential to add that this therapy is part of a more extensive therapy programme offered at Inspire.

We also work with children and young adults with a variety of other physical and learning disabilities and horseback riding improves their balance, coordination, range of motion, muscle strength and flexibility and so much more. Working with them I’ve had to remove the word ‘no’ from my vocabulary: We never say that a child can’t do something; it’s just a matter of when!

Do the children ride the horses?

In therapy sessions, service users are riding the horses for specific reasons. It is crucial to clarify that these are not ‘horse-riding’ lessons. Whether a person does mount work or not, is determined by a service user’s desire and level of therapeutic appropriateness.

Our service users and their therapists collaborate to determine if riding will be a helpful therapeutic exercise. When the situation is right, there is much to be gained by mounted work.

A therapeutic riding session does not only consist of the riding aspect but also includes other functional activities, such as brushing, grooming and feeding the horse, which help improve both social skills and fine motor skills such as grasping and pincer grip (ie, touching the thumb to other fingers on the same hand.) The aims of THR vary depending on the abilities and needs of the service user, with the sessions being adapted to accommodate these.

With riders who have minor limitations, the intervention aims to prevent inactivity, to maintain and improve physical capacity and reduce or prevent fear of falling during movement. When the rider has more severe limitations that limit the activities of daily living, such as reduced balance, the aims of therapy would be that of improving posture in sitting and standing, reaching, grasping, balance, transfers, and gait reeducation.

What if you don’t know anything about horses?

No problem. The focus is not on horse knowledge or know-how. It’s on the relationship. Equine-Assisted Therapy is an experiential therapy where we partner individuals with horses to facilitate real and lasting change. The process begins by identifying a horse to build a “real” relationship. As the therapy develops, selfawareness, emotion regulation, insights into relationship patterns, confidence and attachment patterns unfold.

Participants learn about and practice new strategies for healthy relationships to achieve goals both inside and then outside the arena.

The Inspire Foundation believes that everyone has a right to equality and inclusion and its mission is to try to help everyone with a disability achieve this. They do this by providing individuals and their families with educational, therapeutic and leisure services. They also advocate inclusion, educate the general public and raise awareness among peers. It is important to note that the equine therapy service is predominantly offered as part of the programmes in Inspire. Inspire is currently fund-raising to improve these facilities and donations can be made via www.inspire.org.mt

20

It’s an Animal’s World

The Malta Independent on Sunday | 23 February 2020

GUARANTEEING ANIMAL PROTECTION from STRESS, ABUSE and CRUELTY

This newspaper’s initiative in publishing a supplement that highlights – and gives prominence – to animals’ rights is definitely a welcome step in the right direction: the need to promote among the general public the appreciation that all sentient beings are entitled to fundamental rights guaranteeing them protection from stress, abuse and cruelty.

Denis Montebello

In my short term of about a year-and-a-half as Commissioner of Animal Welfare, I have recognised the accuracy of Article 44A of the Animal Welfare Act which lists, among the primary functions of the Commissioner, the promotion of animal welfare and of the importance of maintaining the highest standards of health, the keeping and treatment of animals and the promotion of educational campaigns and social dialogue on animal welfare issues.

Accordingly, two colleagues in my office are primarily concerned with visiting schools during all the terms of the scholastic year and giving lectures regarding practical information to several classes of students, starting with primary schools.

This undertaking includes the distribution of leaflets and booklets regarding animal care and animal freedom with a new publication, in both English and Maltese, being prepared for publication and distribution.

We can never stress enough the importance of concentrating our promotional efforts on the younger generation. The notion that man has been created in God’s image – with superiority over all other living species and endowed with intelligence that gives him the right to use or abuse them at his discretion whether for sustenance, pleasure, entertainment or otherwise – has been ingrained in the Maltese mind for countless generations.

This mistaken rigid belief – that all other creations exist to cater for the needs of Man as the masterpiece of creation – was sometimes softened by allusions that kindness to animals is also part of the Divine

Design. However, this is not enough. The interpretation that is embraced by my office is that man has been really endowed with intelligence only to enable him to properly care for all sentient beings; in fact to ensure the protection of all living species, of the earth itself and beyond.

Protection and care could not, however, exclude the breeding and slaughter of a number of species, but this must be done without causing any stress, abuse or cruelty, and slaughtering must be carried out in a most humane way. In fact, when innumerable species are now being bred for human consumption and demand is on the increase, with greed and profits always at loggerheads with animal rights and freedoms, constant monitoring has become absolutely essential to curtail abuse.

In recent years, much has been done to counter traditional practices and several inroads have been made with the promotion of animal rights to welfare, the introduction of specific legislation across Europe and the establishment of worldwide organisations fighting animal abuse.

In Malta, several traditional practices have, in fact, been somewhat curtailed and the general public is learning to accept the reality that something which, a generation ago, was deemed to be part of a way of life, could today constitute a legal infringement. In fact, the anachronism of horse-drawn carriages for tourist entertainment, the indiscriminate shooting of birds, unfettered fishing and breeding – even of exotic species – and other traditional practices and pastimes have already been controlled.

With more promotional efforts, these should be earmarked for even more gradual control, leading to eventual discontinuance.

The Fundamental Five Freedoms of animals should be recognised and respected by everyone. They are, in fact, at the basis of all animal welfare legislation world-wide which guarantees freedom from hunger and thirst, freedom from discomfort, freedom from pain, injury and disease, freedom to express normal behaviour and freedom from fear and distress.

However, progress is always proportionate to the amount of promotion of animal rights being made, to the awareness being generated among the general public and to the willingness of the law-makers.

This supplement will certainly help diffuse awareness of the importance of animal welfare among the Maltese which will, in turn, serve to help one to better identify any failings in the present system and the relative machinery in place for the protection of animals.

My reports on the need for improvements and relative recommendations (my other cardinal function and so sincerely stressed on my appointment) have so far been wellreceived on the whole and implementation, although somewhat sluggish, is always on the cards. In fact, a very recent briefing has given me and my colleagues strong indications that there is a definite element of eagerness in the air, which seems to augur well for the welfare of all animals in Malta and Gozo.

Dr Montebello is Commissioner for Animal Welfare