Handbook of the International Amateur Athletic Federation 1937 by The Marshal

HANDBOOK OFTHE

INTERNATIONAL AMATEUR ATHLETIC FEDERATION 1

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Delegates to the LA.A.F. Oongress in Lyons 1914. The picture has bAen forwarded to President Edstrom from Alderman Marks of Australia.

Signatures of lhe delegates to the 1. A. A. F. Oongress in Lyons 1914.

J. S. EDSTROM. Founder of the International Amateur Athletic Federation. President since the foundation 1912.

INTRODUCTION.

LIS T 0 F CON TEN T S. Page

Introduction Council

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Athletic rules

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List of Members ,.,

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I. A. A. F. Veterans

Amateur status ."

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COlumittees

By-Lav,rs "",

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men's international competitions 29

Athletic rules for women's international competitions

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69 . 75 . 82 ,. 86

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General rules for olympic events ... , ... ,., ... , Events for which world's l'ecords are allowed

Official list of World's Records Olympic prog.l.'amme 1936 ",

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General. rules for European Championships

Regulation on European Records

Official list of European Record"

We beg to prese nt herev."ith the 1.A-A.F. Handbook for 1937. Owing to the facts that the Minutes of the Tbirteenth. Congress of the Federation, in Berlin, August 10th and 11th 1936, have already been forwarded separately to all the Members, it has not been considered necessal;Y to include these in the Handbook. Consequently it contains all information concerning the Council, and Members; also the By-laws, Amateur Statues, revised Athletic Rules and World's 'Records, FinallYt regulations for the European Championships and European Records, as well as the first list of European Records have been included.

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The next Congress of Federation will be held in 1938. The place ÂŁ01" this Congress has not yet been decided upon by the Council. The next Olympic Games \vill be held in Tokyo, Japan, 1940. The traclc and field competitions of these games are att the same time the World Championships of the LA.A.F.

Our Federation was founded in 1912. 25 years of work for the benefit of track and field sport lie behind us. One link after the other.has been added to our

10 chain of members . . v. hich at this moment spans the wodd. Our Athletic Rules are strictly followed in all cotmtries, thus making international intercourse easy and natural. The promotion of such interc01.u'se is one of the chief aims of the 1.A.A.F. Athletic youths of many countries meeting in hard competitions in a friendly way certainly are a strong help to jl1ternational understanding. Wishing all th e Members of the I.A.A.F. success in their work, we remain with cordial greetings

lNTERNATIONAL AMATEUR ATHLETIC FEDERATION

Founded in 1912. Postal address: NORRKoPING, Sweden. Telegraphic address: "laa£", Norrkoping.

COUNCIL J. Sigfrid Edstrom, P1'esident, Stockholm, Sweden. Bo Ekelund, lion. Sec7·eta:ry-Treas'l.t1·e7·, Norrkoping, Sweden. Avery Brundage. 11, S. La Salle St., Chicago, IlL

INTERNATIONAL AMATEUR ATHLETIC FEDERATION S. EDSTROM. President.

BO EKElUND. Han. Secretary.

U. S. A.

J. Genet. 11, Rue Blanche, Paris, France. Dr. Karl von Halt, Ballenstedterstrasse 10. BerlinWilmel'sdol'f. Germany. D. G. A. Lowe, International Board, Cl'ov.rn Chambers, 118 Chancery Lane. W. C. 2. London, England. Marchese Luigi Ridolfi, FIDAL} Rome, Italy. S. Stankovits, Dunautca 1, Budapest, Hungary. Han. Secretary: W. Bjorneman, Norrkoping, Sweden. Honorary Memher: Prof. Dr. Eliding Kjellman. Sv,reden. .. . . "':;

COMMITTEES Rules amI Records Committee: Avery Brundage, Chai1'1na,1t, 11 S. La Salle S., Chicago, m., U. S. A. S. Stankovits, Hon. Sec7'eta,'Y, Dunautcal, Budapest, Hungary. G. A. Burger (Netherlands). Bo Ekelund (Sweden).

Dr. Karl Ritter von Halt (Germany). D. G. A. Lowe CG1'eat Britain). Paul (France)'. L. Miettinen (Finland). Dr. P. Pucci (Italy). Dr., M. Ril1.opoulos (Greece). T. Yamamoto (Japan). W. Znajdovski (Poland). EUrQpeall Commission: S. Stankovits, Chairman (Hungaxy). Prof. Otto Misangyi, Ron. Sec7'eta7'y (Hungary). Bo Ekelund (Sweden). J. Genet (France). Dr. Karl Ritter von Halt (Gennany). Capt. Georg .M:isinski (Poland). Dr. P. Pucci (Italy).

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Modern Pentathlon Committee: Gustavus T. Kirby (U. S. A.). S. Stankovits (Hungary). C{}mmittee for 'Walking': J. Genet, (France), Chairman.

Dl·. Hilding Kjellman (Sweden). E. S. Marks (Australia). Paul Mericamp (France) . James G. Merrick (Canada). Justus W. Meyel'hof (Germany). Law:i Pihkala (Finland). Oscar Rosenvinge-Kolderup (Norway). Fredrick W. Rubien (U. S. A.). Johannes Runge (Germany) . . Szilard S'tankovits (Hungary) . Hermann Wraschtil (Austria).

Decease(l: Sir Harry Barclay (Great Britain). W. M. Barnard (Great Britain)". J. E. Chryssafis (Greece). Leopold Englund (Sweden). Dr. S. Kishi (Japan). Joe B. Maccabe (U. S. A.). Fl.'antz Reichel (France). G. V. A. Schofield (Great Britain). Rob. M. Tompson (U. S. A).

LIST OF MEMBERS (51 )

LA. A. f. VET ERA N S H. R. H. the Crown Prince of Sweden. Friedrich Burger CGermany). Charles J. Dieges (U. S. A.). Dr. Carl Dieni·CGermany). J. Sigfrid Edstrom (Sweden). J. Genet (France).' Kl'istian Hellstrom (Sweden). Murray Hulbert (U. S. A.). Gustavus T. Kirby (U. S. A.).

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. AFGHANISTAl"\T: National Olympic Association. of Afghanistan. Ministry of National Defence. Kabul. Cables: HOlympic". Founded 1930.

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ALBANIA: F€d€mti07t Spo?·tive Albanaise. Tirane. Cables: "Federation Sportive". Founded 1930. ARGENTINE: Fedemci61t Atletica Al·gentina. Paseo Colon 161, Buenos Aires. Cables: "Fedatletica". Founded 1919.

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AUSTRALIA: Anl-ateu1' AthLetic Union, of AustmUa. Amateur Sports Club, 343 Little Collins Melbourne C. 1., Founded 1897.

1897.

DENMARK: Dct'ns1c Ath!etik-Fm·b'l.tnd. Blegdamsvej 42,

AUSTRIA: Ost€1Teichi.scher Leichtathletik-Ve?·bwnd. Rudolf von Altplatz 5, Wien III. Founded 1900. BELGIUM: Vig'l.te Royal Beige d'Athle.tisme, 61-63 Rue. du Marche aux Herbes, Bruxelles. Founded 1889. BOLIVIA: Federaci6n Atieticct de Boli'l'ia. Apal'tado Posta1 70.. La Paz. Cables: "FedaIivia". Founded 1929. BRAZIL: Cm1jedemg;'o Bmsilei1'(I. de Despo1·tos, Cai"'rR Postal 1078, Rio de Janeiro. Cables: "DesportesH • Founded 1914,

BULGARIA: FedhatiotL Spo?'ti'Ve Bulga'te. Rue GOUl'CO 5, Sofia. Cables: "Federation sportive". Founded 1923 CANADA: Amatem' Ath1.et:ic Union of Ca1tada. P. O. Box 102, Edmonton, Alberta. Cables: "Amateur". Founded 1889. CHILI: Fedemcicm Atletica de Chile. Casilla 820, Santiago de Chile. Cables: "Fedachi", Founded 1914. CHINA: Chin(l. National. Anwtettr Athletic Fedenttion. The New Stadium: Yenping Road, Shanghai. Cables: "Cnaaf". Founded 1923, CUBA: Atletica de La Metropolitana 810-811, 1922. CZECHO-SLOVAKIA:

de Havana.

Ceskoslovensldi

Edificio Founded

Amatenka Unie. Palais Y. M. C, A.Praha 1. Founded

Copenhagen N.

Cables: "Daf, Blegdamsvej 42",

FOl.mded 1907.

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EGYPT: Union des Societes S1)0?·ti'V€S, 10 Rue Mahmoud Paeha el Falaki, B. P, N° 651, AlexanCb:ia. Cables: "Unisport". Founded 1910.

ESTHONIA: Eesti Ke1'ge-, Raske- ja Veespo1'di Liit. Raekoja. pI. 9. Tallinn, "Ekraveliit, MUiirivahe 16". Founded 1920. FINLAND: S1.wm.en Voi'l11isteht- ja U1·heiluliitto. Simol1.katu 12 A, Helsinki. Cables: "UrheiluIiitio". Founded 1901). FRANCE: Fedemtion Fntnqaise d'Athletisme et de Ba.sketbalL. 45 rue de Clichy, Paris IX. Founded 1887. GERMANY: Deutsche1' Reichsbtmd fii,' Leibesiibunge1h Fachamt Leichtathletik. ReichssportIeld. BerlinCharlottenburg 9, Cables: "Sportbehorde". Founded

1898. GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN. IRELAND: The . I1tten"tational Boa1'd of the Amateu1' Athletic Associa.tio?l.., Scottish Arnateu?' Athletic Associa.tion., and No?·the?'n heland Amatet!')' Athletic Association. CrovlIl Chambers. 118 Chancery Lane, London, W. C, 2. Cables: "Athlete, Rand, London". Founded 1880. GREECE: Union des Societes Helleniques de Gymnastique et d'Athletisme. Capsali 4, Athens. Cables: "Segas". Founded 1897.

MEXICO: Fede1'aci6n, Atletica Mexican{(. de Aficionados. Juarez 88, Desp. 203, Mexico D. F. Founded 1921.

HAITI: Uni011, des Societes Sp01·tives Hc(.itiemi.es. Chalet de rUnion, Pare Leconte, Port-au-Prince. Founded 1912. HUNGARY: Magyc(.7' AthLetikai SZ5vetseg. V.Alkotmany utca 3, Budapest. Cables: "Masz". Founded 1897.

NETHERLANDS: Koninklijke N ecle7'landsche Athletiek Unie. Vondels1.1'aat 103. Tel. 33.45.76. The Hagtle. Foul1ded 1901.

'ICELAND: Idn5ttasa1nband' Islands. P. O. Box 546, Reykjavik. Cables: "Idr6ttasamband". Founded 1912.

NEW ZEALAND: New Amateu1' Athletic Association. Box 741, Wellington. Cables: "Tracy Solicitor". Founded 1887.

INDIA: Indictn OLympic Association. Lahore.

Cables;"Olympic".

6 Kacheri Road, Founded 1924,

IRISH FREE STATE: GaecleaL-C'l.L?n.ann Lut-CLeas & Rotuideacta na h-Ei?'ea'n:n. (National Athletic and Cycling Association of Ireland.) 59 Dame Street, Dublin C 1. Founded 1922. ITALY: Fedem:zione Ita1iana d'i AtLeticc(. Legge?·c(.. .Stadio . Nazionale 1 Rome. Cables: "Fic1alH • Founded 1906. JAPAN: Ni1JpOn Re?11nei. Naka - 6, Malunouehi, Tokio. Cables: "Zennihon". Founded 1925. Li-\.TVIA: Latvijas Viegladetikas Sa'Vieniba" Valdemara iela 65, Riga. Cables: "Latsports", Founded 1921. LITHUANIA: Liet'l.LVOS Atletil<:os Sajungc(.> t'/.&I'OS. Rumai. Kaunas. Cables: "Las". 1922.

KttLFounded

LUXEMBURG: Fede?·a.tion. Ml,xen?,bou1'geoise a:Ath12 Rue Goethe, Luxemburg. Founded 1928.

Malt(E, Amate'li.1· Athletic Association. La\vrence . Street. Founded 1928.

Sliema.

Cables:

5 St, "Athlete".

NORWAY: N07'ges F?·i-Id'rettsf:o?·bttnd. Oslo. Founded 1896.

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P ALESTlNE: Fedemtion of the Amateu?' Sp07·ts Clubs of Palestine. P. O. B. 129, Tel-Aviv. Founded 1931. PERU: Fede1"!wion Pentana de Aaetismo. General La Ferente 590. Lima. Cables: "Atleperu". Founded 1927. PHILIPPINE ISLANDS: Philippine AmatetL?' Athletic Federation. P. O. Box 1905, Manila. Cables: "Paaf". Founded 1911. POLAND: Polski Zwiazek Lekkoatletyczny. Wiejska 11, Warsaw. Cables: "Pezla1' . Founded 1920. PORTUGAL: Fedemgao Port'ugtl,eza de Atletismo. Apartado Lisbon. Founded 1921. ROUMANIA: Fede?'atia Romana de Atletism. Louis Earthon. Bucarest. Founded 1912.

10 Rue

SOUTH AFRICA: The South Af1'ican Amatem" Athletic & Cycling Association. P. 0, Box 679. Bloemfontein, OFS. Cables: "Athlete", Founded about 1890.

18 SPAIN: Confedemcion Espanola, de Atletismo. Montera 24. Madrid. Founded 1918. SWEDEN: S'Venska Idrottsforbundet. Stromsborg, Stockholm 1. Cables: "Idrottsforbund". Founded 1895. Association Suisse de Football et SWITZERLAND: d' Athletisme. Di'Vison a: Athletisme. P. O. B. Stand 588, Geneve. Cables: "Athletisme". Founded 1895.

TURKEY: TiJ,1'1c AtZetizm Fede1Âˇasyonu. IV 1. Kat. 11--13-15. Istanbul. Cables: Federasyonu". Founded 1923.

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Atletizm.

UNITED STATES: Athletic of United States. 233 Brodway, New York Clty. Cables. "AmatW.etic, New York". Founded 1888.

RULE 2. Objects of the FederatIon. The objects of the Federation shall be:(a) To compile and subscribe to the rules and regulations of the Federation governing international competitions for men and women in amateur field and track athletics. (b) To establish rules and regulations for and to conduct field and track events at the Olympic Games. (a) To pass and register World's amateur l'ecords in field and track athletics. (d) To establish an Amateur definition, appltcahle to international competitions in field and track athletics.

URUGUAY: Fede1'aci6n Atretica del U'I"/1.guay. Colon 1537, Montevideo. Cables:"Atletica". Founded 1918.

YUGO-SLAVIA: Jugosl(LVenski Lako Hatzova, ul. 21/11. Zagreb. Cables: Founded 1921.

Jasavez.

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NOTE.-Members of the I. A. A. F. are reques1e d kind!Y to notify the Federation of changes of address taldng place within their and to communicate other infol'luahon of l1lterest to the Federation.

RULE 1. Title. The International Amateur Athletic Federation embraces the governing Athletic Associations of the various nations accepting the l'wes and regulations of the International Amateur Athletic Federation. Only one Association may represent a nation. Note.-In these rules such Athletk Association is termed "Member of the Federation". The jUl'isdiction of Members of the International Amateur Athletic Federations is limited by the political bOlmdaries of the country or nation they represent.

RULE 3. COllgJ."esses. Each Member of the Federation may be represented by not more than five (5) delegates. Each Association shall have one (1) vote only. A Member of the Federation can only be represented by its delegates. The same delegate may only represent one Member of the Federation. A delegate must be a

urgent affairs of general interest, and prepare and summon the Congress, the venue and time of which have been decided by the preceding Congress. . English, F'I'ench and Ge'1"'rnan are the official languages of the Federation, and any of these languages may be used at the Congresses. The By-laws and Rules shall be printed in the three official languages, the Minutes, l'eports and other communications as the Council will decide. In the case of a difference in the interpretation. of the text the English text shall have preference. The Council may summon special provided five Members give notice in writing to the Honorary Secretary that they desh'e such Congress, and state reasons for same. On receiving such notice, the Honorary Secretary must summon the Congress to meet within three months after receipt of the said notice. In cases of great importance, requh-ing immediate settlement, the Council shall have power to summon an Extraordinary Congress of the Federation.

citizen or the nation. he represents and eligible to compete as an amateur. . The Congress shall convene biennially and the President of the Federation shall preside at all meetings. The Congress only shall have power to amend and dJ.'aft rules and regulations. RULE 4. Reports amI Finances. The President, Hon. Secretary and Council shall submit a report and balance sheet to the Congress on the proceedings and finances or the Federation, and the Congress shall pass on ana audit said report and balance sheet, and also devise ways and means for the adoption and passing of the budget. RULE 5. Council. The Council, which shall be chosen by the Congress, shall consist of the President, the Honorary Secretary and six other members elected from different nations. The President and the HonOl:ary Secretary shall be electe'a for a term of four years; they shall reside in the same country. The sL"'\: members of the Council shall be elected for terms of two years. The President, Hon. Secretary and members of the Council shall serve until their successors are elected and inducted to office. In the absence of the President, the Hon. Secretary sha..ll take his place. In case of a vacancy occm:ring in the Council, such vacancy shall be filled by the Member of the Federation, with which the retiring member of Council was identified. The Council shall administer the affairs of the Federation, inform the Members of all penalties imposed on any Membel'; shall register all records, settle all

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RULE 6. Membership amI Eligibility. The governing Athletic Association of each country shall be eligible for membership of the Federation. Applications for membership of the Federation shall be submitted to the Council, which after investigation, shall submit same to tlfe Congress for election. Any new Member may be admitted by a majority vote of the Members repl'esented at the Congress, During the interim between sessions of the Congress, the CouncilÂˇ is empowered to elect provisionally such ruling bodies as they may deem fit. RULE 7. Recognition. Associations affiliated with the Federation shall

acknowledge each other as the only, legislative authorities for athletics in the respective countTies, and as the only organisations a'uthorised to J;egulate international agreements in athletics. All correspondence regarding international affairs shall pass through the Members of the Fedel.·ation.

RULE 8. Disqualification. A disqualification adjudged in propel' Iorm by a Member of the Federation of any of its athletes shall also be binding on all the other counu'ies represented in the Fedel.'ation, and shall be notified by the Member in question. Every Member of the Federation has the right to suspend or disqualify, on its own territory, any foreign athlete for offences against the rilles and regulations of the Federation. Report of such action shall be given to the Member of the Federation to which the athlete belongs. The Council of the Federations is empowered to suspend temporarily or permanently from International Competition any Member of the Federation or any athlete violating the rules or regulations of the International Amateur Athletic Federation. RULE 9.

International Field and Track Meetings. An international field and track meeting is either ?rranged between two or more Members of the Federation or may be held by one Member only or by a club belonging to a Member and with the sanction of the said Member provided other Members of the Federation or clubs belonging to such Members m:e invited to take pal·t in the meeting. A national championship open to all amateur athletes is not an international meeting.

At all intel.·national meetings the rules and regulations of the Federation shall apply. The right to arrange or sanction international meetings is exclusively reserved to the Members of the Federation. If a Member of the Federation wishes to sanction an international meeting during the period of two months immediately before the Olympic Games, the permit of the Council of the 1. A. A. F. must be obtained. No athlete of any nation shall be permitted to represent his nation at any meetings, othel.' than those sanctioned or arranged by a Member of this Federation. Any athlete desirous of competing in any foreign country must mak:e application to his governing body for a permit to compete, and no Member of this Federation shall allow any foreign athlete to compete unless he presents a letter signed by the proper official of the Association of his country, certifying that he is an amateur and permitted to compete. Such an athlete dllring his stay in a foreign counu'y shall also be undel.· the control of the Association of that country. An athlete residing in a foreign country and wishing to take part in athletic competitions shall be under the athletic laws of such countJ.·Y. At international competitions, however, a Member of this Federation may be represented only by a native born or naturalised subject of the nation which the Member ill question represents. RULE 10. Championships of the WorM. The competitions of the Olympic Games only shaH be regarded as Championships of the Worid ill. the l'espective branches of field and track sports. No other Championship of the Wodd may be held in addition to these. The Council shall have the right to organise or authorize European, Far East, Latin American, and other championships for field and track events.

25 Every Member of the Federation shall have the right to hold its national championships according to its own i'ules and regulations, RULE 11. Subscription. The annual subscription shall be ÂŁ 5 for each National Association. Subscriptions shall be paid in advance on the 1st J al1Ual'Y of each year. Any nation whose subscription is unpaid all. the 30th June shall be liable to be struck off the list of members of the Federation or suspended at the discretion of the Council. No l'epresentative can be authorized to take part in any meem1g of the Congress; the Council or Committees if the subscription of the nation he represents remains unpaid on the 31st December of the preceding year. Oversea countries as well as countries with depreciated exchange may, with the consent ofthe Council, have their annual subscription reduced.

AMATEUR STATUS 1. An amateur is one who competes only for the love of sport. 2. Competing ÂŁ01' money or any other pecuniary reward in any sport makes the competitor a pl'ofessional in all sports. 3. In track and field athletic sports one who knowingly competes with, or against, a professional, thereby becomes a professional. 4. In the event of an amateur competing with, or against, a professional in sports other than track and field athletics, not for money and other pecuniary reward, then the Member of the Federation to which the athlete belongs shall be the judge of such competitor's status according to its own rilles, and its certificate as to the competitor's status shall be accepted by all other Members of the Federation. 5. One who teaches, trains, or coaches in any sport for money or other pecuniary considerations is a professional, except, however, that so far as competition in his own country, and there only, is concerned, an employee or l'epresentative of the state or school or other educational institution, who teaches, trains, or coaches as an incident to his main vocation or employment, may, or may not be a professional, as the Association or the country of such a person shall decide. 6. Anyone who shall have knowingly become a professional shall not be reinstated as an amateur.

As an interpretation of the above fundamental rules and to be considered as part thereof, the following regulations are set down, and any athlete who violates any thereof shall, thereby, become a professional: a. An amateur cannot wager, or be interested in a wager, money bet, or stake made in connection with the athletic competition in which he is to participate.

b. An amateur must not compete for any prize or token which cannot be suitably inscribed with some words or letters comm:emorative of the competition, Prizes must not be of a character which cannot be possessed or retained ÂŁ01' the period of the life of the recipient. c. An amateur cannot compete for a prize or token of a value of more than ten pounds, except by consent of the Association of his c01.mtry, d. An amateur shall not sell, pawn or give away his prizes, and shall hold the same subject at all times to the inspection of the Association of his country. e, An amateur cannot enter or compete in any contest under a name other than his own or one assumed permanently by him for purposes of competition and registeJ'ed by him with the Association om his country. f. An amateur cannot issue a challenge or in any manner evidence his intention of competing with, or against, a professional, or for money or its equivalent. g. An amateur cannot accept or in any manner receive any money or other pecuniary gain in going to, attending, or l'etu:ming from, an athletic meeting, other than his actual outlay for transportation, meals and lodging. Under no circumstances shall the amount paid ror expence money exceed the cost of one fh:st-class railway or steamship accommodation, one first-class sleeping accommodation, and one pound or the equivalent per day for meals and lodging. In the case of its being proved on the representation of a National Association that in that country the sum of one pound in gold currency pel' day be insufficient, the Council of the I, A. A. F. may increase the sum to the country in question. h. An amateur cannot receive payment for his: travelling and other expenses to enable him to take part in competitions abroad, for a longer sojourn than 21 days in all per calendar year spent in foreign counh'is, . Accumulation of these 21 days in two con-

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secutive yers cannot be allowed. An extension can be given the athlete by the Association of his country, if he is selected by said Association to take part in Olympic Games or represent his country in matches against another country. The Council of the I.A.A.F. is entitled to make extensions also in other cases it deems proper. The national associations are responsible for the faithful observance of the above rule and shall keep a complete record of times spent abroad and expenses incurred by their athletes, the record to be laid before the r. A. A. F. iÂŁ called for. i. Any expense money must be paid, not to the athlete, but to the Association of the athlete's country, provided, however, that in exceptional cases such payment of actual expenses may be made through the National Association of any country where the athlete is sojourning. In all cases where an athlete receives payment through a foreign governing body notification of such payment shall be made by said body the governing body of the athlete's country. j. An amateur cannot accept travelling expenses or payment of any kind forÂˇ a trainer, l'ubber, masseur, friend or relative. (Note.-This rule does not mean the travelling expenses of trainer and the like cannot be paid, but that such expenses canllot be demanded by, or paid to, the athlete.) 1<:..*) An amateur cannot, directly or indirectly, accept payment for any loss of time or wages in attending, OJ,' h'aining for, any athletic competition. l. An amateur cannot, directly or indirectly, receive any reward for becoming, or continuing as, a member of any club or any other athletic organisation. ') Note to sectioll k: It has been agreed with the International Olympic Committee that a holiday given under normal conditions of a business or profession or II holiday accorded 011 occ3sion of the Olympic Games, provided tll:1t it does not lead to a reimburs<."m<."nt [or lost salary direct or indirect, dot's not fall within section,

ATHLETIC RULES FOR MEN'S INTERNATIONALCOMPETITIONS

1n.. An amateur cannot compete for, or from, an

athletic organisation in whose employ he is, or who, for compensation, l'€nders personal services of any kind to such organisations. n. An amateur cannot sign a contract agreeing to take a professional position in athletics, or to take pa):t in any athletic sports for money. o. An amateur cannot recei,ve cmy compensation for using the goods or apparatus of any firm, mamuacttlrer or agent, nor shall he allow his name to be used as a means of advertising or recommending the goods of any fh'll1 01' manu£acttu'er.

In all questions as to the athlete's amateur status other than those in which the Member of the Federation of the country of the athlete has been made the sole arbitrator, the statement of any Membel' as to an athlete's status is subject to the review and decision of the Federation.

The Congress at Geneva, 1921, decided: 1. If it is proved that any of the National Associations do not follow the Amateur Status, the Intemational Federation will, after investigation, make the necessary remonstrances with the Association at fault. 2. The nations are invited to accept the Amatem' Status and to make it then' own, with such l'estl'ictions, however, as may be judged necessary by the National Association. . 3. As it is not appropriate for the amateur associations to occupy themselves with professional sports, it is desirable that none of their organisations be placed at the disposal of professional Spol'ts, and consequently it is decided that the arenas, grounds and organisations of the amateur associations should be closed to professional matches.

IN FIELD AND TRACK EVENTS

I. MANAGEMENT OF THE MEETING. ·t

RULE 1. Officials (Optional list). One Manager, One Referee, . 4 or more Umpires, One Clerk of the Course, One Chief Field Judge, 3 or more Field Judges, 2 Scorers for Field Events, 6 or more Judges at the Finish, One or more Judges of Walking, 3 or more Timekeepers, One Starter, One Scorer for Track Events, One Ot· more Lap Scorers, One Official Surveyor, One Marshal, One Press Steward, One Doctor. If deemed necessary, assistants may be provided for the Manager of the Meeting, the Clerk of the Course, the . Marshal and the Press Steward; and official ;Announcers may also be appointed.

RULE 2. The Manager, The Manager shall have control of the Meeting and be responsible for the proper carrying out of the programme.

He shall attentively follow the events going on 1.md decide when a new event shall begin, Before the beginning· of a new competition he shall in good time inform the officials concerned and have the competitors who are entered in the event called out on the field. After the fuush of each event he shall, thJ:ough his receive the results from the SCOl'el'S, All an- • nouncements to the public, press, shall be given by the Manager through the Official Press loud speaker, etc. He shall have the right to take action against any competitor whose clothing does not conform to the regulations. . The Ivranager shall control l1is assistants and asslg11 to them such duties as he may deem propel."

RULE 3. The Referee. The Referee shall see that the Ru1es are observed, He shall decide all questions relating to the meeting, the final settlement of which is not other-wise covered by these rules. In the case of a difference between the judges he shall decide. In case of improper conduct by a competitol.' he has the right of exclusion, Any protest or objection which has reference to the conduct of a competitor in the actual competition shall be decided by the Refel.·ee on the ground, and his decision shall be final. . When, in any but the final heat of a race, a clann for a foul or intel.'ference is made, he shall have th,e power to disqualify the competitor who was at fau1t, 1£ he considers the foul intentional or due to culpable carelessness and shall also have the power to allow the hindered. competitol' to start in the next J'ound of heats as i£ he had been placed in his trial. when in a final heat, a claim for a foul or interference made, he shall ha.ve the power to disqualify

the competitor who was at fault, if he considers the foul intentional or due to culpable carelessness, and he shall also have the power to order a new race betv;reen such of the competitors as he tbinks entitled to such a privilege.

RULE 4. Umpires. It shall be the duty of an Umpire to stand at such point as the Referee may designate, to watch the competition closely, and in case of a foul or violation of the rules by a competitor or other pel.'son, to luake a report to the Referee of the incident. Such Umpu'es are merely assistants of. the Referee, to whom they shall report; but they have no power to give any decisions, RULE 5. The Clerk of the Course. The Clerk of the Course shall be provided with the names and the numbel.·s of all entered, arid he shall warn them to appear at the starting line before the start of each event in wich they are entered. In aU track events he shall draw for the comperespective stations and assign those stations to each competitor and to each national group. He shall control his assistants and a.ssign to them such duties as he may deem propel'. RULE 6. Field Judges. The Chief Field Judge shall see that all" implements and equipment are in accordance with these rilles and that the field events are conducted expeditiously. The Field Judges shall judge, measure and l"ecord each trial of each competitor in all events, in which the results is determined by distance or height. Their

decision as to the performance of each man shall he final and '\:vithout appeal. RULE 7.

Scorers for Fiel<l Events. The Scorers for Field Events, of whom one shall act in throwing events, the other in jumping events, shall be provided '\vith the names and the numbers of all eiltel'ed in their respective events. They shall receive the competitors at the start of each event in wich they act, and shall call over the names of the competitors. They shall record the order in which each competitor finished his event, together with the height or distance furnished them by the Field Judges, and shall as soon as possible hand the results to the Manager. RULE 8. Judges at the Finish. The Judges at the Finish shall decide the ol.Âˇdel.' in wich the competitors ÂŁnish in the competition. In case of a disagreement, the majority or the judges concerned with the disputed place or places shall decide. Their decision as to the order in which .the competitol:'s finish. shall be final and without appeal. Ii; is recommended that one Judge selects the first man to finish, one the first and second, one the second and third, and so on. The Judges should be placed at least two me1:res fTom and in line with the finishing line, and it is recommended that an elevated stand be used for the J'udges in order to allow thelll: to have a good view of the finishing line. (For apparatus, refer to Rule 69.) RULE 9. Judges of Walking. The Jud<>'"e or Judges of Walking shall determine the fairness unfairness of walking in. accordance with

the walking rules (see Rule 51), and allY of them may caution and, after one caution, disqualify a competitor; they shall, however, immediately disqualify any competitor when walking unfairly during the last 400 metres 01' 440 yards of a race and their decisions shall be final and \vithout appeal.

RULE 10. Timeli:eepers. Three Timekeepers shall time every event. 111. case two of their watches agree, and the third disagrees, the time marked by the two shall be the official time. If all' the watches disagree, the th;ne marked by the watch recording the middle time shall be the official time. If :tor any reason only two watches record the time of an event, and they fail to agree, the longer time of the two shall be accepted as the official time. The tinie shall be taken from the flash of the pistol. For races up to and including 1,000 metres the tenth of one second timing shall be accepted. For longer races the timing shall be in one-fifth of a second. An electrical timekeeping device in addition, approved by the National Association of the country where the competitions is held, may be used by the timekeepers.

RULE 11. 'l'he Starter. All questions COllCel'l1111.g the start shall be decided by the Starter. The Starter shall have entire control of the competitors all their mades, and shall be the sole judge of fact as to whether or 110t any man has gone over his mark. All races hall be started by the report of a pistol. At all international meetings, the words of the Starter, in his o'wn mother tongue, shall be: "On your marIes", "Set".

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..r

-....... ."

....

...

.. _

_ _

35 Then the report of the pistol after a pause of about two seconds. If any part of the body of a competitor touches the ground in front of his mark before the starting signal is given, it shall be considered a false start. The starter must warn the offender or offenders and shall, except in the Pentathlon and Decathlon, disqualify at the second false start. Rocking starts are forbidden, i.e. the whole body of the competitor must be quite steady and motionless at the report of the pistol. If, in the opinion. of the Starter, the start has not been a fair one, he must recall the competitors by a second shot. Should the starter have to warn the competitors on any point, he sho1..Ud order the competitors to "Stand up". The use of starting blocks is forbidden.

RULE 12. The Scorer for Track Events. The Scorer for Track events shall be provided with the names and the numbers of all entered in b:ack events. He shall receive the competitors at the starting line, and he shall there call over the names of the competitors. He shall record the order in wich each competitor finished his event, together with the time furnished him by the Timekeepers, and shall as soon as possible place the results at the disposal of the Manager, RULE 13. Lap Scorers. The Lap E;lcorers shall keep a tally of the laps covered by each competitor in races exceeding one and shall announce by means of a bell, or otherWIse, when the leading man enters the last lap,

RULE 14. The Official Surveyol'. The Official Surveyor shall sm:vey the track and measure all the distances wich are to be contested and make a report to the organising Committee or to the Referee before the Meeting. RULE IS. The Marshal. The Marshal shall have full police charge of the enc!os1.U'e and shall prevent any but officials and actual competitors from entering or l'emaining therein. He shall control his assistants and assign to them their duties. RULE 16. The Press Stewal'd, The Press Steward shall obtain from the Manager of the meeting the names of all stal'ters in each event, the names of all point winners, and the times or distances of each win.ning 01' r.ecord" performance, and shall keep the Press thoroughly informed of all Occurences at the Meeting.

1 j

II. RULES FOR COMPETITIONS. RULE 17.

Entl'ies, The various competitions are confined exclusively to amateurs. The amateur status of every competitor must be guaranteed by the Association that governs in the country from which the competitor has entered, according to the definition of the International Amateur Athletic .Fe(1eration, and he shall not be permitted to compete in any foreign country unless he holds such

guarantee and has permission to compete in. any particular event. This guarantee m1.1staccompany each entry. Entries must be made in duplicate, properly typed or printed.

RULE 18. Heats. Pxeliminary rounds shall he held in every event in wich the number of competitors is too large to allow the competitions to be conducted satisfactorily in a single round. The heats shall he arranged by the Committe conducting the meeting and the representatives of each nation shall be placed as far as possible in different heats. No subsequent round shall begin earliel' than. 40 minutes after the conclusion of the preceding round. In all races at least the first and the second shall qualify for the next round. At least sb:: competitors shall qualify for the final round. RULE 19. The Competition, Cm:l.1.petitors shall be required to wear shorts or trunks reaching to within four inches of the knee, alld the clothing must be clean and so designed and worn. as not to make an indecent display of the competitor's person. Every competitor shall be supplied with and must wear 011 the breast dtu'ing competition a distinctive nlunbel' corresponding to his number on the programme. In races not exceeding 300 metres duplicate numbers shall be provided and worn, one oh the breast, and one on the back. Any competitor wilfully jostling, or running across, or obstructi11.O" another competitor so as to impede his progress, or competing to lose, shall forfeit his

right to be in the competition., and shalll10t be awarded any position or prize that he would otherwise have been entitled to. No competitor shall be allowed to rejoin a race after leaving the track, either for the purpose of gaining a place or to pace or assist another competitor. The ofiicials shall have the power to change the place of the competition in any field event if in their opinion. the conditions warrant the same.

RULE 20. Doping. Doping is the use of any stimulant not normally employed to increase the power of action in athletic competition above the average. Any person kno"\.vingly acting or assisting as explained above, shall be excluded Âˇfrom any place where these rules are in force or, if a competitor, be suspended for a time or otherwise, from further participation in amateur athletics tmder the jurisdiction of this Federation. RULE 21. Startulg Order. The Authorities conducting the Meeting shall draw for the stations of the competitors in each event, and the names of the competitors shall be printed ill the programme in tIllS order, in heats and groups. In all field events the competitors shall malm their trials in the order of their names as printed in. tile programU.le. In the event of a competitor being entered in both a field event and a track event which take place at one and the same time, the field event officials shall allow the competitor to make his trials in an order other than that of the programme. In all track competitions up to and including 1,000 metres competitors shall draw for their respective sta-

tiol1S immediately before the start. The competitor with m..u uber one shall _take the inside station, with number two next, and so on. In i:nick competitions of 3,000 metres and over, the best man of each nation shall be placed- in the first row, the other competitors being stationed in the row corresponding with their effective worth.

RULE 22. Measurements. All l11.eaSUrements must be made with a steel tape, graduated in centimetres 01' in inches. In all throwing events and broad jumps that portiol) of the tape showing the covel-'ed distance must be held by the Official at the take-off or at the circle. RULE 23. Attendants. No attendant Or competitor who is not actually taking pal.-t in the event shall accompany any competitor on the mark or in the race, nor shall any competitor be allowed, 'without the permission of the Referee or Judges, to receive assistance or l'efreshment from anyone elm'ing the progress of an event, and in no case can assistance or refreshments be given to any competitor in a race of less than 16 kilometres (10 miles). RULE 24. Ties. hl all contests where results are determined by measurements of height or distance, ties for first and other places shall be decided as follows: If two or more competitors tie in the standing 01' the running high jump or in the pole vault a) the competitor with a lesser number of trial jumps at the height at which the tie OCCUrS, shall be dec1al.'ed the winner.

b) if the tle still remains, the competitor with the lowest number of failures throughout the competition shall be declared the winner. c) if the tie still remains, the competitor with the lowest number of attempts throughout he competition shall be declared the winner. c1) 1. if the tie still remains, and if it concernS the first place, an additional trial at the height failed at shall be allowed, and if no result, the bar shall be lowered to the previous height cleared, and one more trial allowed, The bar shall then be raised 01' lowered until the tie is decided. 2. if the tie remains but does not concern the first place, the competitors tying shall be given the same place in the competition. In case of a tie in any field event for distance, an additional trial shall be given to decide the ties. hl case of a tie in any field event, the subsequent performances only determine the relative position of those who are competing to decide the tie. In case of a dead heat in any track event, the competitors shall not be allowed to divide the prize or points, or to toss for them, but must compete again at a time and place appointed by the Referee.

RULE 25. Protests. Protests concerning the right of an athlete to participate in a meeting must be made before the meeting and shall be dealt with before the meetii1g is commenced. Protests concerning matters which deyelop during the carrying through of the meeting must be made during the meeting or within two hours after the meeting is finished. Protests may be made orally but must be confirmed in writing and duly pl:esented to the Referee or the Jury of Appeal accompanied by a Deposit of One

Pound Ste:ding or its equivalent before action is taken. The deposit may be forfeited at the discretion of the body decidillg the protest: If the protest concerns questions of a physical na-

ture' the organization responsible for the carrying through of the meeting shall arrange for a physical inspection to be made by a medical expert. The athlete must submit to the inspection as well as to the decision taken in consequence thereof.

RULE 26. WorM's Rcco:nls. No record shall be accepted unless nlade outdoor and timed by at least three official Timekeepers (accepted by the National Association as such) and, ill field events, l11.easured with a steel tape by at least three Field Judges. The Rules and Records Committee of the I, A. A. F. shall investigate every performance to which their attention is called and shall be empowered, in their discretioll, to reject any record which is not supported by the affidavits of at least she officials certilying as to the place, time of day, state of weather, condition of truck or field, fo:rce and direction of wind, level or gradient of gTo1.Uld, weight, measurement and material of implements, and correctness of announced time or distance. Each member of the Federation shall keep a list o£ the best records made in its particular country. The \-yorld's best records, however, can only be accepted by the Congress or the International Amate1.u' Athletic Federatioll. Records claimed for events made with implements which do not comply with the specifications adopted by the International Amateur Athletic Federation v.rill not be allowed. A record can only be made in a bona fide competition, scratch 01' handicap, which has been dnly fixed and advertised before the day, and is included in

the printed programme, together with the names of the entrants for the events. A result obtained in deciding a tie cannot be accepted as a world's record. No 1'eco1'd wiU be accepted in mces on Si'1'((;ight CO'l.t1'Ses, hI. the Broad Jump, 01' in the Hop, Step and Jump, if the COmpetitor ootains an assistance f1'om a wind blowing C&t his back,· eithe1' directly or in (!, slant:ng di,tection. Fo?' this pU1'pose a following 'wind exceeding 2 m/ sec is conside1'ed 'to oe of assistance to the com1,etito?.. No walking record shall be recognised unless made 011 a track. In a race of a ce):tain distance, competitors who wish to attempt to make a record over a shorter distance shall be allowed to do so, on condition, however, that such an attempt is made in perfect accordance with the stipulations of this nue and that the attempt is controlled by special timekeepers and judges. When the time taken for a longer distance is better than, or as good as, the time tal{en for a shorter distance, the time for the longer distance shall cover and be recognised as the l'ecord for the shorter distance. It is not allowed to attempt a record £01' a longer distance than announced in the programme. When a world's record is made by an athlete of a foreign country, the National Association of the country where the record is made, shall proceed to verify the record in the same way as it does for its own athletes. The record having been passed by the said· National Association, the record blank adopted by the 1. A. A. F. be filled out and forwarded to the L A. A. F.*) The Association shall also send a duplicate of this blank to the National Association of the athlete. All applications for world's records must be made on the official form of the I. A. A. F. .) Record ofri<:e: Ur, S. Stankovils, DUlInutca 1, Budnpesl, Hungary

RULE 27. Official Athletic Implements. In. all international competitions and in all recOl'd attempts under the sanction of the International Amateur Athletic Federation) the implements used must comply with the specifications ÂŁ01' official implements adopted by the International Amateur Athletic Federation. These specifications are set out in Rules 55-71. All implements used at international competitions shall be provided by the organisers of the competitions J except in the Pole Vault where the competitors may use their own poles. Each. Member of the Federation may stamp the implements app:r:oved of with its own mark which may be l"egistered in accordance with the laws of the country in question.

III. JUMPING EVENTS. RULE 28. Jumping even.ts in general. In the Running and the Standing high jump and in the Pole Vault a competitor may commence at any hight above the minimum height and may jump at his own discretion at any subsequent height. Three C01"tsecutive jai'l1.wes, ?'egm'dless of height disqualify from :f1.1rther jumping.

Dislodging the bar in the com"se of a jump or passing the plane of the uprights shall count as a trial. In the Bl:oad Jumps and in the Hop, Step and Jump each competitor shall be allowed three trials and the six best shall be allowed three more trials. In all jumping events each competitor shall be credited with the best of all his jun1.ps, subject to conditions relating to ties. The employment of weights 0),' grips of any kind (gdps of cork included) is fOl"bidden.

The take-off ground about the jump must be level. A competitor may place marks for his take-off and a handkerchief on the cross-bar for sighting purpose. RULE 29. RUllning High Jump. The competition shall start at a "height of 160 centimetres (5 feet 3 inches), and the bar shall be raised as the judges may decide. The competitor must take off :D.'om one foot. Neither diving nor somersaulting over the bar shall be permitted. All measurements shall be made perpendicularly from the g.J:ound to the upper side or the bar where it is lowest, The uprights shall not be moved during the competition unless the judges consider the take-off has become unsuitable. Such a change shall be made only after a round has been completed. (For apparatus, refer to Rule 55.) RULE 30. Standing High Jump. The competiton shall start with the bar at a height of 120 centimei"l'es ( 3 feet 11 inches). The feet of the competitor may be placed in any positionJ but shal11eave the ground only once in mak,ing an attempt to jump. When the feet are lifted from the ground twice, or "two springs are made in making the attempt, it shall count as one tda! jump without result. A competitor may rock forward and backward, lifting heels and toes alternately from the ground, but he may not lift either foot clear from the ground or slide if; along in any direction on the ground. With these additions, the rules are similar to those for the Running High Jump. (For apparatus J refer to Rule 55.)

RULE 31. Pole.Vault. The competition shall start at a height of 3 metres (9 feet 10 inches), and the bal' shall be l:aised as the judges may decide. The take-off for the Pole shall be fl:om a wooden box. as designed in the Specification of Implements (see Rule 55). A competitor must not l at the moment that he makes a jump, or after leaving the ground, place his lower hand above the upper one or move the upper hand higher up on the pole. If a competitor clears the bar, but in doing so the pole should remove the same, it shall be considered as a failed try. As soon as a competitor has left the ground for the purpose of making a jump, this shall be counted as a jump. It shall be considered a failul'e if the pole of the corn.petitoi' touches the ground beyond the pliitne of the uprights. No attendant should be allowed to touch the pole unless it is falling away from the bal' or uprights. Competitors may use their own poles. These may have a binding, but must not have any further support for the hands. No competitol'S shall be allowed to use an.y of the private' poles except with. the consent of their owners. All measurements shall be made perpendicularly from the ground to the upper side of the bar where it is lowest. If the uprights are moved, they shall not be moved 1'l1ore than 60 centimetres (two feet) in any direction, and not more than one hole may be made. If the uprights are moved, the Field Judges should rl1ake a remeasurement, because if there is any inequality in the ground at all, changing the uprights may make a difference varying from a quarter of an inch to one inch, and a competitor should not be allowed to obtain an advantage in that way.

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The uprights shall be at least 3,66 metres (12 feet) apart. If in making a trial in the Pole Vatut the competitor's pole is it shall not count as a t1:ial. (For apparatus and implement, refer to Rules 55 and 56.)

RULE 32. Rlllllll.Ug Broad J um}). The lengih of the run is unlimited. If any competitor touches the ground beyond the take-off board 01' its front line extended, with any part of his body, such jump shall not be measured but it shall be counted agall1St the competitor as one jump. The take-off shall be from a board, the outer edge of which shall be called the scratch line. 111. front of the scratch lille, over a width of 10 centimetres (4 inches), the ground shall be sprinkled with soft earth or sand to make it 12 uilllimetres inch) higher than the take-off board. The measttre1l1.ent of the jumps shall be made at right angles to the nearest break in the ground made by allY part of the body of the competitor. The excavation (pit) shall have a minimum width of 2 metres 75 centimeh'es (9 feet). . The distance between the take-off an.d the end of the .excavation (pit) shall be at least 9 metres (291jz feet) . (For apparai;us, refer to Rule 57.) RULE 33. Si11l1ding Broad Jump. See rules ÂŁ01' the Standing High Jump, as well as> where applicable,. for the Running Broad Jump. RULE 34. Hop, Step and JUl111J'. The competitor shall first land upon the same foot with which he shall have taken off) the reverse foot

...16

shall be used for the second landing, and both feet shall be used for the thh'd landing. In all other respects-, the rules for the Running Broad Jump shall apply. (For apparatus, l:efer to Rule 57.)

IV. THROWING EVENTS. RULE 35. events ill general. In all throwing events, each competitor shall have three b:ials, and the best six shall have three more. Each competitor shaH be credited with the best of all his throws. In all throwing events from a ciJ:cle it shall be a foul throw if the competitor, after he has stepped into the cu-cIe and started to make the throw, touches with <:lny part of his body the ground outside the circle or if he steps on the circle. The competitor must not leave the circle until the implement has touched the ground, and he shall then from a standing position leave the circle from the rear half which shall be indicated by a chalk line extended outside the circle. The circle shall be measured from the inside and shall be flush with the ground outside the circle. The earth or clay in the circle shall be packed hard and firm and 2 centimetres (%, inch) lower than outside the circle. All throws from a circle, to be fair, must fall within a sector of 90 degrees. In the javelin, discus and hammer competitions a distinctive flag shall be provided with which to mark the throws of each competitor, and a special flag to mark the existing world's record. 0111y throwing implements provided by the organisers of the meeting can be used at international meetings.

No harness, instrument or device of any kind which can be used as a support when making the throw or the shot put shall be allowed. When throwing the hammer ordinary gloves for the protection of the hands are permitted.

RULE 36. .ravelin Throwing. The throwing shall take place from behind a scratch line, properly marked, which shall be a board 7 centimetres (2:% inches) in width and at least 3,66 metres (12 feet) in length sunk flush with the ground. The javelin must be held at the grip. No throw shall be counted in which the point of the javelin does not strike the ground before any part of the shaft. or where the competitor crosses the scratch line or its extension. The thrower must not place his foot or feet upon the board. The throw is measured u'om the nearest mark made by the point of the javelin perpendicularly to the inner line of the boalÂˇd or its extension. In throwing the javelin, if the javelin breaks while in the air, it shall not count as a trial, provided the throw was performed in accordance with the rules. (For implement, refer to Rule 58.)

RULE 37. Throwing the Discus. The discus shall be thrown u'om a circle 2i 50 metres (8 feet 212 inches) in diameter. Letting go the discus in making an attempt shall be counted as a trial. The measurements of each throw shall be made from the nearest mark made by the fall of the discus to the inside of the circumference of the circle along a

line from the mark made by the discus to the centre of the circle. (For implement and apparatus, refer to Rules 59, 64 and 67-68.)

RULE 37 a. Throwing the Discus (Hellenic Style). The throw shall be made from a special rectangular stand (Balbis) 80 centimetres (2 feet 7% inches) long and 70 centimetres (2 feet 3% inches) wide, the surface of which shall slope in the direction in which the throw is made. The discus thrower (right-handed) places himself in the stand with the right foot in front of the left. Neither foot must step over the outer surface of the sides. Starting from this position the competitor shall make the throw. It is forbidden during the throw to change the position of the feet or lift them from the stand. Turning on of the ball of the foots, is, howewer, permitted. After the throw has been made, the competitor may leave the stand by making a jump forward. The throw is measured from the middle of the outer surface of the front side of the throwing stand to the

The measurement of each put shall be taken at the circle from the nearest mark made by the fall of the shot to the' inside of the circumference of the circle along a line from the mark made by the shot to the centre of the circle. (For implement and apparatus, refer to Rules 60, 64 and 66-68.)

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RULE 39. Throwing' the Heavy Weight. All throws shall be made from a circle 2,13;> metres (7 feet) in diameter. In making his throw, the competitor may aSSUIne any position he chooses and use both hands. Foul throws and letting go the weight in an attempt shall count as trial throws without result. The measurement of each throw shall be taken at the circle from the nearest mark made by the fall of any part of the weight to the inside edge of the circumference of the circle along a line from the mark to the centre of the circle. (For implement and apparatus, refer to Rules 61, 64 and 67-68.)

nlark Inade by" the discus nearest the stand.

(POI' and B5.)

h"J:\_plen"l-ent

an..d app::.u:atus,

to Rules

RULE 38. Putting the Shot. The put shall be made from a circle 2,13:5 metres (7 feet) in diameter. In the middle of the circumference, at the front half of the circle, shall be placed a stopboard firmly fastened in the ground. The shot shall be 'put from the shoulder with one hand only and it must never be brought behind the shoulder. Foul puts and letting go the shot in an attempt shall be counted as trial puts without result.

RULE

40.

Throwing the Hammel'. All throws shall be made from a circle 2,1&5 metres (7 feet) in diameter. Foul throws and letting go of the hammer in an . attempt shall count as a trial throw without result,. The measurement of the throw shall be from nearest edge of the first mark made by the head of the hammer to the inside circumference of the circle alonO' " a line from such mark made by the hammer to the centre of circle. In throwing the hammel', if the hammer breaks during the trial or while in the air, it shall not be considered a throw, provided the throw was performed in

accordance with the rules. If the competitor thereby loses his equilibrium and commits a foul, it shall not count against him. It shall not be considered a foul throw if the head of the hammel' touches the gl'ound when the competitor makes the prelimi,nary swings. But if he a.fte1Âˇ ha.ving so touched the g1"ound stops throwing so as to begin the trial again, this shall C01.mt as a trial throw without result. (For implement and apparatus, l'der to Rules 62-64 and 67-68.)

V. RACES. RULE 41. Track a11(1 Lanes. The running track shall be measured 30 centimetres (12 inches) outward from the inner edge of the track. There must be a border of board, :rope, cement, or any other material. The inner border shall be 5 centimetres (2 inches) in height. In all races of a distance up to and including 400 metres or 440 yards, each competitor shall have a separate course of at least 1,22 meu'es (4 feet) p:ropel'ly measured, the entire course to be marked with 5 centimetres (2 inches) chalk lines. The inner lane shall be measured as stated above the outer lanes 20 centimetres (8 inches) from their respective borders. The direction ofÂˇ rmming shall be left hand inside. Each competitor shall keep in his respective position from start to finish in all races run in lanes. In all races he shall not cross in ÂŁront of a competitor until he is 2 metres in advance of his nearest competitor. To conduct properly important International Meetings the track should permit of at least six lanes. The ma....amum allowed inclination of the runni.ng track of the field shall be one: one thousand.

RULE 42. The Finish. The finishing line shall be a line on the ground drawn across the track from finish post to finish post ::md competitors shall be placed in the order In whlch any part of their bodies (i.e. "torso" as :Ustinguished .from the head, arms, feet or leaches such line. But a competitor falling at the finish is, r;ot considered to have completed the race unless hIS entll'e body shall have crossed the finishing line. th: purpose of aiding the judges, but not as a . fmlshmg hne, there shall be stretched across the at the finish, 1,22 metres (4 feet) above the ground worsted which shall be fastened to the post at each of the finishing line, at right angles to the course and parallel to the finishing line. The finish posts shall be of l'igid construction of 1,37 metres (4 feet 6 inches) height, 8 centimetres (" mches) width and 2 centimetres (% lllch) thickness. (For appa:!:atus, refer to Rule 69.)

RULE 43. IlO-llletre (120 yards) Hurdle Race. On every course there shall be 10 hurdles each hurdle 1,{)(j metres (3 feet 6 inches) high. ' The distance from the scratch mark to the first hurdle shall be 13,72 metres (15 yal'ds), the remaining hurdles shall be placed 9.14 metres (10 yards) apcu:t and the distance from the last hurdle" to the winning' post shall be 14,'{)2 met"res (15 yards). Note (a) When the used, when the race used,

is 110 metres, the metric measures shall be 120 yards, the English measures shall be

In :naking .a record it shall be necessary for the to Jump over every hurdle in its proper POSItIon.

The knocking dO\\7ll of one or more hurdles does not disqualify the athlete, nor does i disentitle him from claiming a record. A competitor who trails his leg or foot alongside any hurdle shall be disqualified. Each competitor shall have his own lane of hurdles al1d shall keep to that lane throughout the race, (For apparatus, refer to Rule 70.) RULE 44.

200-meb:e (220 yards) Hurdle Haee. In the 200-metre Hurdle Race there shall be 10 flights of hurdles, each hUl'dle to be 76,2 centimetres (2 feet, 6 inches) in height, The first hurc11e shall be placed 18,'29 metres (20 yards) distant :D.·om the scratch mark; the remaining hUt'dIes shall be placed 18;29 metres (20 yards) apart, and the distance fl:om the last hurdle to the winning post shall be 17,10 metres (20 yards). Nole: 'Vhcll the race is 200 melt'es, the metric measures shall be used. when the race is 220 yards, the English measures 5hn11 be used.

In all other respects the l'ules for the nO-metre (120 yards) Hurdle Race shall apply. (For apparatus, refer to Rule 70.)

RULE 45. '. 400-Inen:e (440 yal.·ds) Hurdle Race. In the 400-metre Hurdle Race there be 10 flights o£ hurdles, each hurdle to be 91,'1 centimetres (3 feet) in. height, The first hurdle shall be placed 45 metres (49,'213, yards) from the scratch mark, the remaining hurdles shall be placed 35 metres (38)277 yards) apart, and the distance from the last hUl'dle to the winning post shall be 40 metres (43,745 yards). Nole: When the race is metres, the metric measures shall ]>e used, when lhe l':lCC is ·140 yards, the English measures shall be used.

In all other respects the rules for the nO-metre (120 yards) Hurdle Race shall apply. (For apparatus, refer to Rule 70.)

RULE 46. Relay Races. A line shall be drawn 10 metres (11 yards) on each side of the starting line of each relay to be known as the starting zone. Both runners must be within this zone when passing the baton. No member of a relay team, in order to relieve one of his team, can run outside of such zone. The baton must be passed (not thrown or dropped) by a competitor and taken by the one succeding him. Violation of any of these 'rules by any competitor shall disqualify the team. The baton must be ·cro.'ried throughout the entire distance of the l'ace. No competitor can run two sections in any team. ,The composition of the team must not be changed after a trial heat has been run, but the members of. the team may change their order of running. The position of the teams must be drawn for. All teams entered :in realy races shall be lettered, commencing with the letter A. When relay races up to and including 400 metres or. 440 yards are contested on a cu'cular path, each competitor must have a' separate lane and each lane shall be the full distance, (For llnpleinent, refer to Rule 71.)

RULE 47. Team Race. Track team races may be divided into trials heats and a final, if necessary. In track team races the maximum m.unber of starters of a team and the number of competitors whose positions

are to count shall he stated on the entry blank. The team scoring the least number of points, according to the positions in which the members of the tealn finish whose positions are to count, shan be the winner. Positions of other members of the team and positions of members of a team which does not finish at least the number whose positions are to count, shall not be counted. In case of a tie between two or more individual competitors finishing simultaneously, each of them shall score for his team a number of points obtained by dividing the total sum of their position numbers, reckoned as if they had, instead of being tied, finished regularly in a file, with the number of such competitors (thus, for instance, if tw:o competitors finish tied for second place, each of them shan score two and a half points). In case of a tie on points, the team whose last scoring individual member finished nearest to first place shall beÂˇ the winner. The composition of a team must not be after a trial heat has been run and only competitors finishing the full distance are eligible to compete in the final. RULE 48. Steeple-chase. The hll):dles shall be 91,;t centimeiTes (3 feet) high, and a water-jump shall be included. It is recommended that the hUJ:dles be at least 3,66 metres (12 feet) wide and so heavy that they cannot be easily overturned. Each competitor must go over or through the water, and any one who steps to one side or the other of the jump shall he disqualified. There shall be to each lap of 400 metres five jumps including a water jump. The hurdle at the water jump shall be firmly fixed; height 91,4 centimetres (3 feet). The water shall be 3,66 metres (12 feet) in width

and length, the water being 76 centimetl,'es (2 feet, 6 inches) in depth at the hurdle end and sloping to the level of field at the further end. , The competitor must clear each jump, but may vault each obstacle. RULE 49. Cross-COtUltry Race. The race shall be run on a bona fide cross-country COUl'se properly marked and surveyed. The start and finish may be within the athletic grounds. The course must be marked preÂŁel:ably with red flags to the left and white flags to the l'ight, which must be observable from a distance of 125 metres. In all other respects the rules governing track competitions shall prevail. RULE 50. Marathon Race. (42,195 metres=26 miles 385 yards.) The Marathon Race shall be run on high roads. The start and. finish may be on the athletic grounds. Each competitor must send with his entry a medical certificate, from a physician of standing, certifying his fitness to take part in a race of this kind. No competitor, either at the start or during the prog'ress of the race, may take any so-called drugs on pain of immediate disqualification. A competitor must at once retire from the race if ordere4 to do so by a member of the medical staff, officially appointed.

hand), 200 metres Flat Race, Throwing the Discus (best hand), and 1,500 metres Flat Race. The events follow in the above mentioned order. Three trials are allowed in both jumping and tlu:owing. In the 200 metres flat race, groups of three men are formed by lot. If the number of runnel'S is such that after the groups have been arranged one man is over to run alone, one man shall be drawn by lot from among the other competitors to run against him. The order of the competitors in this event shall be decided on the basis of each contestant's time. If false starts occur in the running competitions, the competitor will, after the second false start, be penalized by one hundredth of the distance of the race for each false stal't. After four false starts the competitor at fault shall be eliminated from the event in which the offence was committed. In the flat races, the time for each competitor shall be taken with three watches. The winner shall be the one who has obtained the highest number of points in the five divisions awarded on the basis of the new SC01'ing Table for field and track events adopted by the I. A. A. F. Congress in Stockholm, 1934.

VI. WALKING. RULE 51. Definition mul Rules of Walking. Definitio11.-Walking is progression by steps so taken that unbroken contact with the ground is maintained. J1.Ldging ancl Disqtwlifications.-A competitol' whose mode of progression fails, in the opinion of two of the Judges of Walkillg, to comply with the definition during any part of the competition, shall be disqualified and informed of his disqualliication by one of the Judges of Walking. Effect may be given to any such disqualification immediately after the conclusion of the competition, if circumstances render impracticable an earlier notice to the competitor of his disqualification. Judges may advise a competitor upon his mode of progression if it should appear that the competitor be in danger of ceasing to comply with the definition of . .v alking. In track races a competitor who is disqualified must immediately leave the track and in road races the disqualified competitor must, immediately after his disqualification, remove the distinguishing number or numbers which he is wearing. It is 'teco1l?/n?.ended that a system of signalling "cautionÂť by white flag, and "disqualification" by l'ed flag during a walking race be used as far as possible for the information of the officials of the sports, competitors, and spectators, but this is not compulsory.

VII. COMBINED COMPETITIONS. RULE 52. Pentathlon. The competition comprises the following events: Running Broad Jump, Throwing the Javelin (best

RULE 53. DecatIllon. The competition comprises the following events: 100 lnetres Flat, Running Broad Jump, Putting the Shot, Running High and 400 metres Flat, on the first day. Hurdle Race (110 metres), Throwing the Discus (best hand), Pole Vault, Throwing the Javelin (best hand), and 1,500 metl"eS Flat, on the following day. The events follow in the above-mentioned order. Tln'ee trials only are allowed in the Broad Jump and Throwing. Both in the 100 metres and 400 metres flat races. as well as in the hurdle race, three or four competitors

...

start in. each group. On the other hand, in the 1,500 metres race, five or six shall start. However, the Referee shall have the right, in case of necessity l to make alterations. The composition of the groups is decided by lot. The time for each competitor shall be taken with three watch.es. If false stro.·ts occur in the running competitions, the competitor vvill, after the second false stro.'t, be penalized by one hundredth of the distance of the race for each false stro.'t. After four false starts the competitor at fault shall be eliminated from the event in which the offence was committed. The knocking down of one or more hurdles does not disqualify the athlete, nor does it disentitle him from claiming a record. The winner shall be the one who has obtained the highest number of points in the ten divisions, awarded ali. the basis of the new Scoring Table 'for field and track events adopted by the T. A. A. F. Congress in Stockholm, 1934.

VIII. VARiOUS EVENTS. RULE 54. Tug-of-war. This event is abolished from the LA.A.F. programme.

IX. SPECIfiCATIONS fOR OfFICIAL IMPLEMENTS AND APPARATUS. RULE 55. Jumping or vaultillg standards. Up1'ights-Any style or kind of uprights or posts may be used provided they are rigid. C1'OSS Ba1'-The cross bar shall be triangular in secti.on each side of which shall measure 30 millimetres (ls h..G

inch). Optionally the cross bar may be split in the middle and joined with a metal clip about 300 millimeiTes (1 foot) long. The length of the cross bar shall not be less than. 3,66 metres (12 feet) and not more than 4 metres (13 feet 1% inches). The maximum weight of the Cl.'OSS bro.' shall be 2 kilogranunes (4 lbs. 62 hs ozs.). S·U'PP01·tS for High Jump-The support of the cross bar shall be flat and rectangular, 40 millirnetres (1% inches) wide and extending 60 millimetres (23 / s inches) in length. It shall face the opposite upright and the end of the cross bar shall on it in such a fashion that the cross bar easily falls to the ground both forwards and backwards, if touched by the competitor. There shall be a space of 10 millimetl'es (3/s inch) between the Cl.'OSS bar and the uprights. The following drawing illustrates one way of constructing the uprights as per stipulations above:

StLpp01'ts f01' the Pole Va'itlt-At cI;nupetitions in tbe Pole Vault, pegs shall be used for the support of the cross bar. Tbe pegs shall be without notches or indentations of any kind, of uniform thickness throughout and not more than 13 mi11imetres Clh inch) in diameter and must not extend more than 75 millimetres (3 inches) from the uprights. Wooden box of the take-off f01' the Pole VaultThis shall measure 1000 millimetres (3 feet 4 inches) in length, 600 millimetres (2 feet) in width at front end and tapering to 150 l11.llli.metl'es (6 inches) in width at the stop-board, whel:e it shall be 200 millimetres (8 inches) in depth. The bottom of the bo:x: shall be covored on the inside to a length of 800 millimetres (2 feet 8 inches) with a piece of O,l) millimetre sheet iron. See drawing below:

r - - - - - - /000 mm

4'j------l

RULE 56. Vaulting pole. Const1''l.Lction-The pole shall be of any material and of any length or diameter. It shall have no assisting devices except as provided for, but may be wound 01'

wrapped with adhesive tape. The wrapping must be of uniform thickness. The lower end of the pole may terminate in a single metal spike or a wooden plug.

RULE 57. boal.'(l. (Broatl jumps.) ConstnLction-The take-off board shall be made of wood. Meas'it1'ements-The board shall measure 1,'22 metres (4 feet) long, 200 milliometres (8 inches) wide, and 100 millimetres (4 inches) deep. Board shall be painted white,

RULE 58. Javelin. Construction-The javelin shall be of wood wi,th a sharp iron or steel point. The javelin shall be constructed in such a way that the space between the foremost point and the cent-re of gravity is not longer than 110 centimetres (3 feet 7% inches), or shorter than 90 centimetres (2 feet 112 /5 inches). Grip-It shall have, about the centre of gravity, a grip formed by a binding 16 centimetres (63 110 inches) broad, of whipcord, without thongs or notches on the shaft, and shall have no other holding than the abovementioned binding, whose circumference at either edge shall not exceed the cU'cumference of the shaft by more than 25 millimetres (1 inch). length shall be not less than 260 centimetres (8 feet 6 inches) complete as thrown. Weight-The weight shall be not less than 800 mes (1 Ib: ozs.) complete as thrown. RULE 59. Discus. ConstnLCtion-The discus shall be composed of a smooth metal rim, permanently attached to a wood body: brass plates set flush into the sides of the wood

Handle-The handle shall be made of round iro11 or steel measuring 13 millimetres (1,4 inch) in diameter, bent in a triangular form, no side of which shall be more than 184 millimetres (7:l4inches) inside measurement. Connection-The handle shan be connected to the head by means of a welded steel lli1k measuring 10 millimetres (3/ s inch) in diameter. W eight-The weight shall be not less than 25,4Dl kilogrammes (56 pounds) complete as thlÂˇown. Length-The length shall be not more than 406 milli,metres (16 inches) complete as thrown.

body, and, in the exact centre of the discus, a means for securing the correct weight. The btass plates shall be circular in form, having a diameter of not less than 51 millimetres (2 inches) nor more than 57 millimetres inches). Each side of the discus shall be a counterpart of the other side and shall have no indentations, projecting points, or sharp edges. The sides shall taper in; a straight line from the beginning of the cm-ve of the rim to a line a distance of 25 millimetres (1 inch) from the centre of the discus. Measu.rements-The largest dimension shall be a circle not less than 219 millimetres (85 /8 inches) in diameter. The thickness. through the exact centre,' on a line perpendicular to the diameter, shall be not less than 44 millimetres (1 . inches). The thickness at 25 millimetres (1 inch) from the centl'e shall be exactly the same as at the centre. The thickness of the l'hn at a distance of 6 millimetres (14 inch) from the edge shall be not less than 13 millimetres (% inch). The edge shall be rounded on a true circle. Weight-The weight of the discus shall be not less than 2 kilogrammes (4 lbs. 62 15 ozs.) complete as thrown. A metal diSCUS, complying with the official measurements, conditions and weight, may be used. RULE 60.

Shot. Construction-The shot shall be of iron or a brass shell filled with lead and spherical in shape. Weight-The shot shall weigh not less than 7,257 kilogrammes (16 pounds). RULE 6l. Heavy weight. Bead-The head shall be of moulded lead or a brass shell filled with lead, and spherical in shape, having imbeded a forged steel eye bolt as a means for attaching the handle.

.,'

RULE 62. Hammer. Head-The head shall be of lead or a brass shell filled with lead 01' cast gray iron and spherical in shape. Handle-The handle shall be a single unbroken and straight length of spring steel wire not less than 3 millimetres (1-/s inch) in diameter, or No. 36 piano wire, 2,6 millimetres eÂˇ110 inch) in diameter. The handle may be looped at one or both ends as a means of attachment. G1'ip-The grip may be either of single or double loop construction, but must be rigid and without hinging joints of any kind. Connections-The handle shall be connected to the head by means of a s"vivel, which may be either plain or ball bearing. The grip shall be connected to the handle by means of a loop. A swivel may not be used. Weight-The weight shall be not less than 7,25rl kiJ.ogrammes (16 pounds) complete as thrown. Length-The length shall be not more thall 1,219 m'etl'es (4 feet) complete as tillÂˇown. .

RULE 63. Hammer throwing cage. It is strol1gly recommended that all hammer tbl'ows be from an enclosure or cage to ensure the safety of

spectators. A cage of the following dimensions is suggested: The cage sho1.:ud be circular in form, having an inside diameter of not less than 8;23, metres (27 feet).. height. should be not less than 2,13, metres (7 feet). There should be an opening, through which the throw is made, of approximately 7 metres (23). The cage should be composed of 57X114 mil1imetres inches) diamond mesh wire screen of 10 millimetres (% inch) wire. The screen should be mOl..mted upon pipe uprights, buried in the ground to a depth of 760 millimetres (30 inches), and space not more than 2,44 metres (8 feet) apart. The size of the pipe should be 63 millimetres (2'lh inches). It might be desirable, in some instances, to instal a dismountable cage, having sockets grouted permanently in the ground, into which the pipe uprights might be set when the cage is erected. The sockets could be pl'ovided with covers when the uprights are removed. '

RULE 65. Stand for Discus Throwing Hellenic Style (BalMs).

Const?'uction-'The sides of the Âˇstand may be either wood or iron or any other similar material. The inside shall be filled with earth or coal ashes packed hard and firm. The surface shall be even and strictly follow the slope of the sides. stand shall measure 80 centimen:es (2 feet 7% inches) long and 70 centimetres (2 feet 31,6 inches) wide. The front side of the stand (the one from which the thrm.;t,r ismeasured) shall be 5 centimetres high from the ground while the one parallel to it shall be 15 centimetres high. Se drawing below:

,scm

RULE 64. Circles.

Const?'uction-The circle shall be made of band iron or steel, or wood. Mea,surem,ents-Metal-The circle shall measure not more than 2,135 metres (7 feet), in discus thl'OWing not mOl'e than 2;50 metres (8 feet 2 inches), inside diameter. The sides shall be 6 nilllimetTes (:JA inch) thick by 76 millimetres (3 inches) high. Wood-The circle shall measure not more than 2,135 metres (7 feet), in discus throwing not more than 2,1,)0 metres (8 feet 2 inches), inside diameter. The sides shall be 76 millimetres (3 inches) thick by 51 millimetres (2 inches) high. Finish-The circle shall he painted whi.te.

RULE 66. Stoll-board.

(Putting the Shot.)

Const'l"uction-The board shall be made of wood. Measu?'ements-The board shall measure 1,'22 metres (4 feet) long, 114 millimetres inches) -vvide, and 102 millimetres (4 inches) high. Finish-The board shall be painted white. RULE 67. Sector for throws from circle, The ninety degree sector, within which all specified throws from the circle must fall, shall he clearly maJ.'ked on the grotmd, the radii lines crossing at the centre of

the cll'cle. The outer ends of the l'adii lines shall be marked with flags.

in length and 1,1 metres (3 feet 7 inches) in width. It shall be divided in five steps 400 millimetres (15%' inches) high and 600 millimetres (235 / s inches) deep. The steps may at the one end be divided in t\vo, thus allowing an easy access to the different steps of the stand. See drawing beside:

RULE 68 Sectors flags, Const1'1.wtio·1t-The sector flag shall be entirely of metal. Meas'l.wements-The flag shall be l'ectangular in shape and shall measure 10X18 centimetres (4X7 inches), The standard shall be not less than 8 millimetres ('5 ho inch) in diameter and not less than 91 centimetres (36 inches) in length, The flag shall be painted red. RULE 69. Stalld .for judges at finish )..(.c.Il..Lc:. -Construction-The stand shall be made of wooff and be easy to move j,n all directions. M easu'l'em,ents-The stand shall measure 2 metres (6 feet 6% inches) in height, 3.metres (9 feet 10 inches)

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-----3000-----

RULE 70. Hurdles. Const1'uction. The hurdle shall be made of wood or l11.etal and shall consist of two bases and tViTO uprights supporting a rectangular frame reinforced by one or more crossbars, the uprights to be fixed at the extreme end of each base. The hurdle shall be of such a design that a force of at least 3,6 kilogrammes (8 pounds) applied to the centre of the top edge of the cross bar is requil'ed to overturn it, The hurdle may be adjustable in height but shall be ligidly fastened at the required height for each event. In case the cO'unte1'weights of the bases a1'e not adjustable, the a..djustable h'l.t1·dle shall be const?'ucted in sttch a 1vay that the fo'rce required to ove7·tU?·n the hU1'd'Ze when adjusteil in its highest position (1,06 metres 01' 3 feet, 6 inches) shaLL be at least 3,(1 kiLogrCm'L1neS (8 pO'l.tnds), . Measu'rements-The height of the hm'dle shall be: in the 110 metres (120 yards) hurdle race 1,-06 metres (3 feet 6 inches») in the 200 metres (220 yards) hm'dle race 76,'2 centimetres (2 feet 6 inches) and in the 400 metres (440 yards) hurdle race 91,4 centimetres (3 feet), The extreme width shall be 1,20 meb:es (3 feet 11 inches). The extreme length of base shall be 70 centimetres (27?f3 inches). The total weight of the hurdle shall be not less than 10 kilogrammes (22 1b5, 3% 6zs.) , The width of the top ba1' shaLL be 700 mm (2% inches.) Finish-The top bal' shall be striped in black and white. The hurdles shall be so placed on the track that the ends cal'rying the uprights shall be farthest from the starting line.

68 Testing. For the control of the resisting force of the nevv type of hl.u·dle, use a siInple spring-balance effecting a pulling force to the centre of the cross bar. Alternatively use a cord with a hook, applied to the centre· of the cross bar, take the cord along over a pulley fheed conveniently and load the- other end of the cord with weights.

RULE 71.

ATHLETIC RULES FOR WOMEN'S INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIONS IN FIELD AND TRACK EVENTS For Women the rules for Men as decided by the I. A A. F. will be in force with the following additions and modifications:

Relay baton. Constn.wtion-The baton shall be a hollow wood tube. M easu'l'ernents-The length shall be not more than 300 millimetres (or 1 foot). Weight-The weight shall be not less than 50 grammes (I%' 02S.). The circumference shall be 120 millimetres. inches).

RULE 1. Officials. Addition: In women's competitions there shall be a woman doctor and as great a number of women officials as is deemed proper in every special case.

RULE 21. Starting order. Last pro:agraph to be omitted. RULE 25. . Protests. Modification: The deposit to be £ 0 10 0 or its equivalent instead of £1.

RULE 27. Official Athletic Implements. New text: In all international competitions and in all record attempts the implements used must comply with the specifications ror official implements set out in these Rules.

AIl implements used at international shall be provided by the organisers of the competitions. In each country the implements approved of may be stamped 'with an agreed mark which may be registered in accordance with the laws of the country in question. RULE 28. JIIDlping events ill general. Mocl.iÂŁication of the third pal'agraph of the rule: In the Broad Jumps each competitor shall be allowed three trials, and the fotuÂˇ best, if the total number of competitors does not exceed twelve, or the six best, if the total number of competitors exceeds twelve, shall be â&#x20AC;˘ allowed three more trials.

RULE 29. RIUllllng High Jump. ModiIication or the first paragraph of the rule: The competition shall start at a height of 120 centimetres, and the bar shall be raised as the judges may decide.

RULE 30. StancUng High Jump. Modilication of the first paragraph of the rrue: The competition shall start at a height of 80 centimetres and the bar shall be l'aised as the judges may RULES 31, 34 to be omitted.

RULE 35. Throwing events in general. Modification of the first pal'agraph of the rrue: In all throwing' events, each competitor shall be allowed three trials, and the four best, if the total number of competitors does 110t exceed twelve, or the

six best, if the total number of competitors exceeds twelve, shall have three more. Each competitor shall be credited with the best of all her attempts. Addition to the rule: At the Women's WOl'ld Games there shall only be a best hand competition. In other international meetings throwing both sides may take place, if agreed upon by the Nations competing together. If such is the case, the order shall be the following: right hand (all competitors three attempts), then left hand similarly. For each competitor the best throw of each hand shall count and their addition form the total distance. The best competitors shall be allowed further attempts same as in the case of one hand. RULES 39, 40 to be omitted. RULE 43, 80-metre Hurdle Race. Modification of the first and second paragraphs of the rrue: On every. course there shall be 8 hm'c11es, each hurdle to be 76,2 centimetres in height. The distance from the scratch mark to the fh'st hurdle shall be 12 metres, the remaining hurdles shall be placed 8 metres apart, and the distance from the last hurdle to the winning post shall be 12 metres.

RULE 44. 83-111e11:e HunUe Race. New text: On every course there shall be 7 htu'dles, each hurdle to be 76,2 centimetres ill height.. The distance from the scratch mark to the first hurdle shall be 14 metres, the remaining hurdles shall be placed 9 metres apart, and the distance D.'om the last hUl'dle to the winning post shall be 15 metres.

III all other respects the l'ule for the 80-metre hurdle shall apply. (For apparatus, Tefer to Rule 70.)

RULE 49. Cross-country Race.

New text: The distance shall not be greater than three kilometres. It shall be run on a bona fide cross-couD.try course properly marked and surveyed. The stal't and finish may be within the athletic grounds. The track shall be level for the first 80 metres, and also for the last 80 metres minimum. The course must be marked preferably with flags of a similar colour which must be observable from a distance of at least 100 metres. The aTl'angements can be completed by scatterulg the track with bands of paper of similar colour. When laying out the route very high obstacles should be avoided, so should deep ditches, and dangerous ascents or descents, thick undergrowth and in general all that could constitute a difficulty beyond the aim of the competition. When a cross-country race is run as a team race, competitors shall count the actual number of the order in which they finish. Individuals will not count in this classification, .nor the competitol'S belonging to a club having ah'eady four finished. The classification of each team shall depend on the total of the numbers representing the order of finishing of its first four members maximum; the winning team shall be the one wich has obtained the smallest total. If a team is incomplete at the finish, each missing individual shall count t.he total of competitors in the race by teams plus one.

In case of a tie on points, the team. whose individual member finished nearest to first place shall be the \vinner.

RULE 58. Javelin.

New tex.t: Const1'uctio?1;-The javelin. shall be of wood with a shm'p iron Ol' steel point. The javelin shall be constructed in such a way that the space between the foremost point and the centre of gravity is not longer than 95 centimetres, or shorter than 80 centimetres. Grip-It shall have, about the centre of gravitY.:, a grip formed by a binding 15 centimetres broad, of whipcOl'd, without thongs or notches on the shaft, and shall have no other holding than the above-mentioned binding, whose circumference at either edge shall not exceed the circumference of the shaft by more than 25 millimetres. Measu1'ements-The length shall not be less than. 220 centimetres complete as thrown. Weight-The weight shan not be less than 600 gral1.1mes complete as thrown.

RULE 59. Discus. New text: Constn.f,ction--The discus shall be composed of a smooth metal rim, permanently attached to a wood body, brass plates set flush into the sides of the wood body, and, in the exact centre of the discus, a means ÂŁ01' securing the correct weight: The brass plates shall be circular in form, having a diameter of not less than 50 millimetres nor more than 57 millimetres. The two

sides of the discus shall be indentical and have no indentations, projecting points, 01' sharp edges. The sides shall taper in a straight line from the beginning of the curve of the rim to a line a distance of 25 millimetl..es from the centre of the discus. Measu1'ements-The largest- dimension shall be a circle not less than 18 centimetres in diameter. The thickness through the exact centre, on a line perpendicular to the diameter, shall be not less than 3,7 centimetres. The thickness at 25 millimetres from the centre shall be exactly the same as at the centre. The thickness of the rim at a distance of 6 millimetres from the edge shall be not less than 12 millimetres. The edge shall be rounded on a true circle. Weight-The wei.ght of the discus shall be not less than one kilogramme complete as thrown. A metal discus, complying "with the official measurements, conditions and weight, may be used.

GENERAL RULES FOR OLYMPIC EVENTS

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RULE 60.

Shot. New text: Constntction-The shot shall be of iron or a brass shell filled with lead and spherical in shape. Weight-The shot shall not weigh less than 4 kilogrammes.

I I

RULE 1. The Jury. The JUl'Y shall consist of five or eight members appointed by the International AmateUl' Athletic Fe-" deration and shall manage the field and h'ack events at the Olympic Games, All financial and technical arrangements of the Olympic Games shall be in the hands of the National Olympic Committee organising the Games, but the .Tl..rry mentioned above shall supervise the technical arrangements, appoint judges, etc'J as stated hereafter. The organising Committee shall. appoint one of its members as liaison officer to the Jtrry; such liaison officer shall take care of and be responsible for good communication between the Jury and the organising Committee. The organising Committee shall be responsible for part of the travelling expenses of the Jury, but not for those of the international Judges. RULE 2. Work of the JurJ'T. The Jury shall be the highest authority on the track, and receive and decide any protests. (See Rule 25 of the Athletic Rules for International Competitions.) The Jury shall not overrule the decisions of the Referees or Judges unless it shall find that a distinct mistake has been made. The Jury shall decide all questions relating to the actual conduct of the Meeting, the final settlement of which is not otherwise covered by the rules. The JUl'y shall, through special experts, investigate the track and field and the technical arrangements thereof, also that implements are in accordance with

specifications, not less than 15 days before the opening of the Games. The report of such experts shall be forwarded by the Jury to the Committee organising the Games, as soon as possible, with the request that certain altel'ations be made if necessary. The Jury shall meet at the place where the competitions are to be held not less than eight days before the beginning of the events. It shall see that field and track are in good order, courses properly laid out and measured to confol'm to all the requirements as laid dm;vll by the Athletic Rules for International Competitions and that all implements anq equipment necessary for satisfactory competition are provided. The organising Committee shall have all the implements ready for inspection at least five days before the opening of the games. Should the Jury not find the implements in accordance with specification, new implements shall be obtained as directed by the Jury. The organising Committee shaU hand over to the Jury final entries arranged for the different competitions not less than five days before the opening of the Games. The J Ul'y shall accept or reject such entries, ai'range the series and heats, and retUl'n the result to the organising Committee, which shall publish the entries with the competitors' numbers in sufficient time befoTe the opening of the Games, In the event of the track and field upon which the Olympic Games are to be held not being available for practice, the organising Committee shall provide a suitable place for this purpose.

RULE 3. The Athletic Ground, The length of each lap should be 400 or 500 metres. The track for the 200 met-res dash may be straight. All tracks for running, j1.unping and throwing events must be of cinder or similar material. Grass is not permitted.

011 the field inside the track there shall be '" two platforms. One of these shall be near the tunnel through which the competitors enter the field, and from which the field and tracle events shall be managed, and which shall have telephone communication with the dressing rooms of the athletes, the Press Stand, the Band Stand, the loud speaker, the flag posts, etc., and from which bells may be opel'ated in all dl'essing rooms, to call the competitors to the start. The other platform shall serve as an office for the Jury in charge of the field and u'ack events. The loud speaker shall be governed by the Manager of the Games, and the speaker into the microphone placed near the Manager.

I t i:

!i' Ir t,

i. j

t {

I ! 1

RULE 4. Officials. Beside the Jury there shall be the following officials: One Manager, 3 or 4 Assistant Managers, One Keeper of the Implements, 2 or more Announcers. One Referee for track evel1ts, 3 Starters, 7 Judges at the finish, 6 01' more Umpires, 9 Timekeepers, One Referee for throwing events, 6 or more ,Judges for throwing events, One Referee fOl' jumping events, 6 or more Judges for jumping events. One One One One

or more Press Stewards, Official Surveyor, Marshal, or more Doctors.

Necessary number of Clerks and Scorers, including Lap-Scorers, Necessary number of Assistants. For' the l'unning events in Decathlon, as well as in the Mal'athon race and the 50,000 metres Walking Race, the numbers of officials must be considerably increased. RULE 5. The Manager. The Manager shall have chal'ge of the field and track events and be responsible Ior the proper carrying out of the Games. Ten minutes before the time of an event, he shall sound the bells in the dressing l'ooms, and .Announcers shall announce on the neld, to the competitors the judges and the public, the start of the event. The' Manager of the Games shall not leave his stand during the time a competition is going on. After the finish of an event he shall, through his assistants, l'eceive the results from the scorel' of such event. All announcements to the public, press, etc., shall be given by the Manager of the Ganles through the Announcers, Press Stevvards, loud speakel's, etc.

RULE 6. The Assistant Managers. The Manager shall have three or four Assistant ManaO"ers oue for nnming events, one for jumping events and. for throwing events, etc. The .Assistant Managel'S shall see that starts are canied out and shall :rollow the particulaT competitions. 15 minutes before the finish of any competition they shall notify the Manager thereof, in order that he may be prepared for the start or the next event. The Assistant Managers shall at the end of each event collect and hand to the Manager the results given by the scorers.

RULE 7. The Keeper of the Implements. This official shan keep all implements under lock. and key and shall be responsible for the implements being at hand in proper time for each event. The keeper of the implements acts directly under the Manager of the Games. RULE 8. The Referees. The Referees are responsible for the propel' conduct of each event under their control and assign to the Judges their particular duties. In the case of a clifference between the Judges, they shall decide and, if necessary, refer to the Jury. When, in any but the final heat of a race, a claim. for a :foul or interference is made, the Referee shall have the power to disqualify the competitor who was at fault, if he considers the foul intentional or due to culpable carelessness, and shall also have the powel' to allow the hindered competitor to stal't in the next round of heats, .just as if he had been placed in his trial. When, in a final heat, a claim for a foul or interference is made, he shall have the power to disqualify the competitor who was at fault, if he considers the foul intentional or due to culpable cal'elessness, and he shall also have the power to order a new race between such of the competitors as he thinks entitled thereto. RULE 9. Timekeepers. a) Timekeepers shall use only watches tested and certified at an astronomical or physical institute during the same year in wich the Games take place, and the rules and conditions of the test be similar to those adopted by the National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, England (The said Rcles are published in the 1931 edition of the Athletic Rules.)

b) The use of watches of the Splitsecond Type (Rattxapante) is strongly l'ecommended, also that all watches to be used by the official timekeepers at the Games, shall be provided by the Organizing Committee of the Games. c) One of the timekeepers acts'by appointment of the Jtu'y as head timekeeper and regulates the daily division and work of the other timekeepers. d) The timekeepers shall act independently from one another, enter their time without discussing times and without showing their watches to each othel', ill the printed form specially made for this ptu-pose, and after signing the form, hand it to the head timekeeper who is entitled, to control the times on the watches. e) The head timekeeper enters the reported time in a special blank (schedule) fixes the official time results according to Rule 10 and provides for publication. f) The head timekeeper may entrust one of the timekeepers 'with taking intermediate times and may designate ÂŁ01' taking the time of the winner a (fourth) l'eserve-timekeeper, the time taken by whom shall only be taken into aCC01.mt in case and for whatever reason only two watches have been acting. g) The timekeepers take their place by gradation in extension to the finish line on the outher side of the track and in at least two metres iTom the finishing post, h) In all races up to 200 metres the times of at least the first three, in all other running and walking races the times of at least the first six, shall be officially taken and published. i) Out of the timekeepers 4 take the time of the first, 3" " " second, 3" " "thh'd. One of the foul' designated for the first place acts as a l'esel'vtimekeepel' (see 'lmder d).

j) In races of 400 metres or more those tilnekeepel's

who take the time of the first place take also the time of the fourth place, those who take the time of the second place, take also the time of the fifth place, and those who take the time of the thil'd place take also the time of the sixth place. .

RULE 10, Other officials. Regarding other officials, their duties are specified in .the Athletic Rules for International Competitions, which apply for all other questions regardiner the Olympic Games. I:> â&#x20AC;˘

RULE 11. Qualification Trials. Where in any of the throwing 01' jumping events (hammel' throwing, women's high jump and women's javelin throwing excepted) the number of entries exceeds 18, a qualifying round shall be held prior to the competition proper, . No athlete shall participate in the compentition proper unless he has reached the prescribed standard in the qualifying round; but if in any event less than 12 competitors reach the qualifying standard, then the ih'st 12 athletes and any athlete tying for the 12th place shall take pcu't in the competition proper, In each qualifying round, each competitor shall be allowed three trials, but the performances accomplished shall not be considered part of the competition proper. Once a competitor has reached the qualifying standard, he shall not make any more trials.

EVENTS FOR WHICH WORLD'S RECORDS ARE ALLOWED MEN. RUNNING. 100 yards 5,000 metres 100 metres 220 6,000 200 " " " 300 7,000 300 " " ">l 440 8,000 400 " " 600 9,000 500 " " 880 " 10,000 800 " " 1,000 " 15,000 1,000 " " 1,320 " 20,000 1,500 " " " 25,000 2,000 " " 30,000 3,000 " " 35,000 4,000 " " 40,000 " 1 hour and 2 hours.

1 mile 2 miles 3 " 4 5 " " 6 " 7 " 8 9 " " 10 15 " " 20 25 "

I 1

\ I

10 15 20 25

" " " "

JUMPING. Standing high jump. Running high jump. Standing broad jump. Running broad jump. Running hop, step and jump. VAULTING. Pole vault for height. B;AMMER THROWING. 7.257-kilogram (16-pound) hammer. (Length 1.219 metres [4 feeth 2.1M-metre [7-foot} circle).

I i

HURDLES. Ten hurdles each. 120 yards 110 metres (Hurclles 1.0G metres [3 feet 6 inches] high.) 200 metres 220 yards (Hurdles 76.2 centimetres [2 feet 6 inches] high.) 400 metres 440 yards (Hurdles 91.4 centimetres [3 feet] high.)

8 miles. 9 "

;

RELAY RACES. 4X 100 metres. 4X110 yards. 4X 200" 4X220 .. 4X 400" 4X440 " 4X880 " 4X 800" 4X1500" 4X 1 mile.

1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000

WALKING. metres. 8,000 metres. 1 mile. 9,000 " 2 miles. 10,000" 3" " 15,000" 4 " " 20,000" 5 " " 25,000" 6" " 30,000" 7" " 40,000 " 50,000 " hom' and 2 hoUl's.

L !

SHOT PUTTING. 7.2m-kilogram (16 pound) shot, best hand. 7.257-kilogram (16 pound) shot, both hands. (2.134 metre [7-foot] ell-de). THROWING 56 lb. WEIGHT. 25.401-kilogram (56-pound) weight for distance. (2.134 metre [7-footJ circle). JAVELIN THROWING. Throwing the javelin, best hand. Throwing the javelin, both hands.

DISCUS THROWING. Throwing the discus, best hand. Throwing the discus, both hands. (2,-50 metres [8 feet 2% inches] cll·de).

Office JOT WOJ'Id's Reco1'ds: Address: M1". Stankovits, IV, Dunautca 1, Budapest, Hungary, The Members are req'L(,ested to send all applications for World's Reco'tds, which must be ?nade on the official fo?'m of the I. A, A. F., to this office, whe1'e also forms can be had 1tpon request.

DECATHLON.

WOMEN.

RUNNING. 50 metres 60

80 100 200 800 1000

" "

300 400 440 600 800 1000 1200 2400 440

(4X 75) (4 X 100) (200 100 80 (200 100 -1- 200 (4X 200) (10 X 100) (100 100 -1- 200 (3 X 800) (4Xll0)

metres RelaJ,T

+ + + 60) + + 100)

+ 800)

" " " yards

HURDLES. 80 metres (8 hUl·dles). JUMPING. Running high jump. Running broad jump.

Standing high jump. Standing broad jump.

THROWING. Throwing the javelin, best hand. Tlu'owmg the javelin, both hands. Throwing the discus, best hand. Throwing the discus, both hands. Putting the shot, best hand. Putting the shot, both hands. PENTATHLON.

OFFICIAL LIST OF WORLD'S RECORDS MEN Recognized by the 1. Time cr distance 100 yards...... 9.1 s . 100 .. 9.1 6 .. 220' 20.3 B . aoo " 80 s . 4010,. 4.13.1 s .. 600 1 m. \J 2 S•••• 880 1 m. ·W.s s. '" 1,000 2 m. 10 s .. ],320 " 13m. O.G s . 1 mlle 14m. 6.s s . 2 miles ' 8 m. 58.1 B . 3 " 13 m. 50.G B . ·1 " 19 111. 1 B . :)" 24 m. s . o ., ...... m. 36.1 s , 7" ih m. 4.0 6 . 8 " 40 m. 16 s. '" o " 45 m. 27.0 s . 10 " 50 m. 15 6 . 15 " 1 h. 20 m 4.1 s. 20 " 1 h. 51 m. 51 6. % 2h.26m.l0.ss.

100 metres

i ,

, . ;

I .. 10.3 s

. ,

RUNNING U. S. A. " ..

"'1

Frank 'Wykoff J csse Owcns .,

J ozsof KovAcs.. Ben Eastman )!

••••••••••••••••••••

A. Shrubb

})

'.,

Juan Carlos Zabala M. Marttelin .lose Ribas , :;.

: Ihourl9,:3lOmet (11 mil. 16-i8 YdB)1 Paavo Nurmi Jose Ribas

Oanada U. S. A : " 1

U. S. A. " " Italy Prance U. S. A. ." Fllll:md

II II

England Scotland H

G " England " ltn.ly

v III • 9-1930\ Toronto ·· ·1 Oanada VII!. 1-1932 LOB Angele6 UH' S. A. un gary ,VIII.12-19331 Budapest.........

VIII. 6-193.1 Holland .., VIII. 26-1984 U. S. A.... Xl. 15-103<1 : ., IX. 23-1934 l " V.2Jj-193i> ! ,. IV. 28-1921 ·•.. 1 .. VI. 19-193G , ., VIII. 6-1934 ·1' Gt. l:lritain:VlII. 2-1932 U. S. A 1 VI.16-1934 Prance...... X.19-1930 X.w Zoulnnd VIII. (1-1930 1 France VII. 2-1931 j VII. Fmland Vl.19-1932 1 " IVIII.31-192'1 , " ; X. 7-1\128 ' Arg entine'.'llv.19-193G 1 Finland... IX.14-1930 1 Argentine.. V.27-1932

Oslo Norway Amsterdam Holland Osaka Japan Dairen " AnnArbol',Mich. U. S. A. Oal.\ " OIllcago ·1 " Oslo Norway Los Ange!ps U. S. A. Pr.iDeeton, N.•T. " Paris FraMe Berlin 1 Germany Paris............... France Helsmkl FmIand Kuopio............ ,• Berlin Germany Munich............ " Viipud ! Finland Buenos Aires 1 Argentine

* 1

1 U. S. A

Jesse Owens Oharles ..Paddock Archie WIlliams .. ·..•.. · Ben Eastman {ThOmaS Hampson · Ben Eastman Jules Ladoumugue J. Lovelock Jules LadoullIcguc ,Nlel.8en Laun Lehtlllen Paavo Nmmi "

•

Peacock Obnstlan D. Berger R:<lph Metcalfe II

·i

U. S. A.

n t' " 1820'0 " \ X. 7S Berlin .. Finlan(i .. Gt. Britain VII. 21-1902 London .. " " IX. 22-189cL" .. Italy......... X. 21-193.1 Rome

Paavo Nurmi F. Appleby G. Orossland Michele FaneH

' '1

6....

H..

:::::::::::::::::::::::: Jules Glen Cunningham Donald R. Lash ." Lauri Lehtinen Yolmari 1sohollo..................... Pattvo Nurmi ..

I{percy Williams Eddie Tolan Ralph Metcalfe

100 mctres"'110.3 5. 100 .. 10.3 6. 100 ,. 10.s s. 100 ., 10.3 6. 20() .. 20.3 8. 300 .. 33.2 S. ·100 " 46.1 S. 5110 1 m 2 s.... 800 1 .19 ,. m. ..8 S. ,.. 1,000" 2 m. 23.0 6 1,5(;0 3 m. 47.8 s.... 2,00U 5 m. 21.5 3,oon '. 8 m. 18.1 s.... 5,000 14 m. 17 B•••• 10,000 80 m. s.... 15,000 46 m. 49.0 $. 20,000" 1 h. 4m. 0.25. 25,000 ., 1 b. 22m. 28.S8. 30,OCH} 0' , 1 h. JOm. 57.os.

V. 10-1\'30 Los Angeles... V.25-1935 Ann Arl)orMich. '1 "'1 V.2-'5-1035 AnnArborMich. HungarY . X. 6-1935 Budapest......... A \ III.2.<3-1932 Pn.lo Alto, Oal. IV. 1-1936 San Francisco.. VI. 16-1934 Princeton, N.J." Ital):· ::: XI. -1-19.33 Milan France . IX.13-1931 paris.Oolombesl U. S. A . VI. 16-1934 Princeton, N.J. VI. 1:3-1936 N. J.! " VI. 19-1932 Helswkl i Finlanll Vlf. 20-19:33 Wiipuri " X. 1-19-241 Kuopio · .. VI. 9-1930 London , Gt: Britain XI. 5-1904 Glasgow

"...........................

c c

P I

Date

Nation

Holder

Finland , X. 7-1928i Berlin Argentine .. IX. 1-1-1935. Buenos Airos

Germany Argentine

E LAY RACES

' ·!X110 yards '10.88 • ............ University oISo. oalifOrnia(Dol"1 by, Maurer, Guyer, Wykoff) U. S. A.... 1 V. 0-llJ31 ,4X22fl " ... 1 m. %.8 S.... University of So. Oalif. (Lewis, I I Smith, House, Borah) ......... , " ... V.1.1-1927 3 m. 12.1; s.... Stanford University (Shore, A, A,,' 4X440 RabIes, L. J, Hables, Eastman) V. 8-1931 I 4. X880 7 m. 41.4 B.... Boston A. A. (Martin, Sansone,' Welch, Hahn) ..................... " .../ VIJ. 6-1926 ..tXl mile......... 17 m. 21.1 s.... \ Illinois A. O. (Krogh, Buker" \V Msou, Ray) ..................... 1 ... VI. 23-W2!l

...i

Fresno, Ctt!. ... U. S. A. Angelos ... Fresno, Cal. ... Philadelpliia .... Ohicng-o .......

..1

" " II

<X> -·1

Even.t

Time or distance

I 4x100 motres.. · 30.s s.. .lX200

8 m. 7 m. ,(,1.4

I·IX8UO

I.1Xl,oOO

, Ii

: 120 yMds ...... 1 1+.1 S 120 " 14.1 s ...... s 220 " •••••• O'li.O SO' 4040 "

......I

! 110 metros

[ 110 ;

" "

00.0

' 'Ii

I' ..'

HURDLES Forrest G. Towns 1 U. s. A ' 1'1.19-19361 Ohicago U. S. A• " " ,. VIII. 13-19361 Berlin ; 1 Germany . " 1'.2-5-19351 AI.mArbor,Mich.; U. S. A. j ,Tesse OweDs........................... ,. .. .. vn. 2-192'71 LUlCoin, Nebr. \l •••••••••••• i John A. Gibson '

,' H.l s 14.1 S 22.0 s ! 50.0 s

;;

. Jesse olvens . Glenn Hardin

1 II m. 2.5.8 s

, 1:1 in. 11.4 S j 20 m. 25.8 s

•

I 8

9 10

" "

13 miles 20 " .. 2.'5 " 3,OUO metres· .. 5,000 ,. ... 10,000 " '" 15,000 " 20,000 " 25,000 "

1 27 m. 1 Ili)

' Forrest G. TOWDS

1 mile 2 miles 3 "

IVIll.

A 9-193131 Berlin .. Germany I ! , Univ. of So. California (Lewis,: Smith, House, Borah) ......... 1 " I Y. 14-1927, Los Angeles ... 1 U. S. A. U S. A. National Team (Fuqua'i : ' s. II Ablowich, Warner, Oarr)... " VIIf. 7-19321" " "', S . Hoston A. A. (Martin, S'msone ll (0 Walch, Hahn) 1., YH. Phlladelpln.l .. s 1 English National Taam (Harris, I Hedges, Oornes, Thomas) ... 1 Gt. Britain VIlI. 3U-1930 Oologne ......... , Germ:\uy

t m. 2".8 s

1,lX.IOO

S. A. National'l'eam (owens,l I U.Metcalfe, Draper, Wykoff) "', U. S

P I a

Date

Nation

Holder

14 s

1 U. S. A.

' .I

" " " WALKING

U. S. A. Germany U. S. A. Sweden

O:mada 1'1. ..(.-1910 Montreal .........: ClLDuda G. E. Lamer........................... Gt. Britain VII. 13-190l London .... •....11 . "........................... " Vnf. 19-1905 ····'····1 1 G. H. Goulding

m. 47.2 s .. A. H. G. Pope ."

, , " • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 11

112 h.h. 48513 m. 1).88." m. 38 8. S'l

Janis Dalinsh A. E. Plumb Janis Dalinsh '"

I12 IU. 5,'1.8 S. ' '1' 21 IU. 59

hour

:::::::::1, :::::::::1, ·········1

Latvia ; VI. 1-1933 1 Higa Gt. Britain V. 7-1932 Birmingham Latvia l VI. 113-1982 Riga Y.30-1931 Gt. Britmn VHf. 31-1932 SWltzorland.. Vl. 20-1935 Latvia ' VI. 1-1933

:I:

Riga London Oslo Riga H

•• ..

Latvi:\ England , Latvia

! Denmark 1 Latvia , England

1 Norwa)'

; Latvia

···········r

Qt. Britainivnr.31-19321 London : Latvia

" " "

·1

;;;

H miles 474 yds (18,3UI;; metres) .. A. If. G. Pope hours 2+,818 met. (15 miles 768 yde) . Janis DaIinsh

VIf. 17-11)08

.•...•...!

1 nenmark"'l VII. 7-1918 Oopenhagen

G Rasmussen 8 .... Arthur Tell Schwab <it IU. 42.4 8. '''1 A. H. G. Pope J h. 09 m. 04.ss'l Arthur TeU Schwab 1 h. 34 m. 26 s. Jnnis Dalinsh 2 h. 00 m. 46 s.; )I

:;0

" " I," " "

vnI. 31-1932

" " "

43 m. 7 B . n . 50 m. 28.s B . m. 4.6 S . :) H··········..············ .. 1 h. 7 m. 37.8B. G. F. Larner 1 h. 15 m. 57.1 s. Jl ",." .

3 h. 82m. 26

... ' 1'1.19-19361 Ohicago 1 ... VIII. Borlin ;.... ... V.2b-193o AnnArbor,Mlch. ...1 VH. 26-1931 Stockholm ......

' England

; VI. 1-1933 Riga

; Latvia

JUMPING

, Standing High Jump ; , 1 : 5 H. 5';. in.=167 em Leo Goehring : U. S. A. "'i VI. 1-1-1913,1 Ncw York 1 U. S. A. i Runninl\" Hill:h Jump (Oornelius Johnson }. VII 1') 193" i 13 ft. 9'/. ill. =207 em Albritton ' " "', ."- v " " : II . Standing Broad Jump " 11 ft. 4'1. in. =347 em.......... Ray C. Ewry 1 " VllJ. 2:-1904.' St. LOUiS Running Broad Jump _ 26 ft. 8'/. in.=8.18 m Jesee Owens ,' " V.2-;)-1930 AnnArbor,MlCh. II Hop. StelJ and') Jum.r.. , . . I 1 16.(1) ft. o·f. JIl N. Tajima 1 Japan I'm. 6-1936,' Berlin Germauy Pole Vault ! ; : 14, It 6". in.=·Wl em George Varoff 1 U. S, A .' VII. 4-1936. Princeton I U. S. A. SHOT PUTTING Best hand i 17.4<) met. = 67 ft. 1 in .. Jauk Torrance .' U. S. A iVJlf. Oslo NOl'Wal ShotPutting29.1Gm.=96ft.7'/.in·1 Dr••lozsef Dar:i.nyi 1 Hungary 1 IX.28-1930 Budapest.. Hungary , Both hands I right haud 15.71 m. = 51 I 8'/. in., loft band m. I = 44 ft. 10'/_ in.

' I

ft'l

Event

, 1

Time or ...:.:J).;::is;..:t:..:nuc:.c;..:o:.--'-

Hoi d c r

NlLtion

--'-

Date

..!-.

Pill C C

DISCUS THROWING

! Best53.10Imndm. =.17-1 ft. 2'/, in....... I Willi Schrllrlor i

_ '.. 2f)v ft, H I' Ill... " E. Nicklander (right hand 45.57 met. = j.W I ft. 6'/. in.; left hand ,14,",) met. = 146 It 2'1' in.)

,II I IBest hand

Germany : IV. 2S-1n35 Magdeburg

!, Both90.13hands met. =

, l!'inland

VII.20--19tl. Helsinki

. Germany .. Finland

JAVELIN THROWING

MlItti .ntrvinen 76.M m. = 2-51 ft. (j in Both bands IH.2S met, = 374. ft. 11'1_ in. Yngve Hllckuer (right hand 61.S1 mot.=202 ft. fill' in.; left hand 52.47 met' _= 172 ft. 1'/, in,)

Il!'inland

IX. 7..-19341 Turin

1 Sweden

IX ;JO--lfll7i Karl8koga ...... Sweden

Italy

HAMMER THROWING

= 57.7i met,

189 ft. G'I, in.

1-10 ft.

()'j., in.

, P. gyan

' U. S. A

= 12.30 met

.. ..

!VIII.17-19181 New York

U. S. A.

Montreal

1 Oanll.da

DECATHLON

i U. S. A

;V1I1':Ji3611d S.

Germany

OFFICIAL LIST OF WORLD'S RECORDS WOMEN !'fme or distance

Evont

I ,

g m. 20.0

Nation

··1 6.

B. Burke : S. Walaslewlcz M. Lines

* G

50 metres , •4 GO " . 7.3 9

I 100

" 200

{M. S. Wala5lBW1C'l.

S. S.

.8 S.

... 11.G 8. "'1

... 1 3 m. OO.G 8

,··

,1£1.8

1 NlItional Team (l:Inynes, Ginn,!

.lX75 metres

37.4

·lXIOO

o1G.4

laxso!J

" "

RELAY

' '11 m. 45.88. f ••

l 7 m. 37.4 s.

, S. Afriea U. S. A. Gt. Britl1in

Ii 4X110 yards ... i Jx:20n

P I ace

S. AfriCll"·1 1V • 20-19351 Pretoria. Poland...... VI. 9--1935 Oleveland Gt. Britain Vl1J. 30-1932! London

·..··.. ·.. ·lc.ec},o.sIOVllk, VlI!. 20-1922' Poland...... X. 8-1933 " ....................." IX.24-1933 {" ....................." X. 9-1933 Z. KoubkoVll C.ccllO.Slovnk. X. 4-193-1 H. Stephens U. S, A VIll. 4-193l3 1 S. Walasiewk'l. pOland 'VIll.15-1935 Z. Koubkovl1 C7.ooll,,·£lo\'nk. 1 G. A. Lllnn , Gt. Britain VI. 23-1934

... 23.0 s 2 m. 1:3.4 S

800

1 1,000

Date

RUNNING

/ll.O s 24.3 5.

100 Yllrds 220 ,. .. 880 II

Holder

Paria : 1 I!'ranee . KattowJt? Poland : Lemberg ,. i Kattowit'l. ......" I 01.6cho.Slovak.' Berliu Germany Warszawa Poland London Gt. Britain Birmingbam 1 II

RACES

: I Thompson, Edwards) Gt. BritainlVlIl. gO-Ill2\) Gothflnburg : National'feam (Pekarova,Kruu-' Skalova, Koubkovn) ;Czccl,o.slovnk.,VllI. 22-lll:H Pragne NatlOnal Team (Albus, Kraus,! i Dollinger, Dllrffeldt) : Germany iVIIl. 8--193G Berlin Fold·, Y ,mann, Wlttmann, Geneke ''', " ... ·1 VI.2l3-1932 Nellrllssen \. f. n. TIreslnu ....VIII. Breslau

1.,'

Sweden

: ozeCho.Slovak.

: 1 Germl1ny

;" 1

I , l Ii

Eyent

'rime or distance

Holder

Date

Nation

P I a

IIOXI00 metres. 2 m. OJ.l s....... ' National Team (Thompson, Oornell, Maguire, Hiscock. King, Ridgley, Waldon, Lewis. . Brown, Scott) Gt. Britainl IX. H-l\)2\l Mitcham , 60+ 80+100+ 200 m. .. 1 56.0 s .. Wienor Athletiksport-Olub ...... ' Austria ... X. 6-1\)35 VieulllL 100+100+200+ • National Team (Testoni, Vini 800 m....... m. 30.0 1 renge, Coselli, Bolzachi)...... ! Italy ......... , X.2:3-193d Venice

! I

, Gt. JJritltin .; Austria

5"""'i

• Italy

HURDLES

80 metres

......

1 116

I Highl Jump I: Standing Running High i

I:/R Engelhur<1t \0. Valla

. s.

G. Gottlieb

m. ..

fJ. Shiley

Jump 1 1,65 m. .. Standing Broad' IH. Jump , Running Broad Jump . 5.iJS m.

\M, Didriksol1 ':i

v. 12-1H3t Vienna · Austria vrrr 7 1936 Los Angeles... U. S. A. i .-

.. Austria \ U S \

., .

D. Lyford

.. .....

U. S. A

K. RHomi

1 VI. 10-1933 Boston

i I V. 20-1928

, Japan

U. S. A,

, Japan

SHOT PUTTING

Best hand

' Gt. Britain \ Germany

JUMPING

11 1934 1 'Ill. o-l9B6 1 Berhn

, Itltly

21.41 = 11.93

+9.51 met

1 O. Jungkunz...........................

DISCUS

I BeBt hand

·i

88.49

·.. ·

+ 29.33 met.

·..

G. Mauerllleyer ·

. N. Gindele

+ 2-J.S1 met,

...... E. Gelills

)

Poland

1 Germauy

Vili. 4-19291 Dim

TROWING

··.. ··.. 1 Germany·.. VIr. 1l- 19361 Dresden

, Germlmy

Poland...... Vl. 10-1934 Jarosla"

G. Oejzikowa JAVELIN

Best hand 46.74 met Botb hands tJ2.43 37.w

••· .. ·· 67.$2 =

VI!. 15-1934 i Warszawa

. G. Mauermeye;

Poland

THROWING I

1 U. S. A

, VI. 18 -1!132! Chicago

1 Germany

IX. 9-1934 'I.{llnicll

i '

U. S. A. Germll,ny

OLYMPIC PROGRAMME 1936. Official List of Events for Track and Field at Olympic Games. Each nation shall be allowed thJ:ee entries, three to start in all individual events, including the Marathon and 50,000 metres Walk. One team per nation in relay events. In the relay races each nation shall be allowed to enter not more than twice the number entitled to score.

Competitions 100 metres flat. 200 " " 400 800 H " 1,500 5,000 " 10,000 Marathon Race (42,195 metres 26 mile, 385 yards). Steeplechase, 3,000 metres. H

Hurdle 'Race, 110 metres. Hurdle Race, 400 Running High Jump. Running Broad Jump.

Competitions

f01'

Men:

Running, Hop, Step and Jump. Pole Vault. Throwing the Javelin, best hand.

Throwing the Discus, best hand.

Putting the 7,257-kg. (16-lb.) Shot, best hand. Throwing the 7,257-kg. (lS-lb.) Hammer. Decathlon. Relay Race, -1 X 100 metres. Relay Race, 4 X 400 metres. 50,000 metres Walking race.

f01'

Women:

100 metres flat. Hurdle race, 80 metres. 4 X 100 metres Relay. Running High Jump. Throwing the Discus, best hand. Throwing the Javelin, pest hand.

GENERAL RULES FOR EUROPEAN CHAMPIONSHIPS IN FIELD AND TRACK EVENTS

RULE 1. The COlU1cil of the 1. A. A. F. has decided that European championships shall be arranged every 4 years. RULE 2. The European Championships shall be controlled by the Council of the 1. A. A. F. and the European Commission. RULE 3. The Council of the 1. A. A. F. shall possess the following powers: a) it shall decide all fundamental questions concerning these championships; b) it shall give permission to one of the European Members of the 1. A. A. F. to arrange these championships; c) it shall have the supreme control of these championships; d) it shall appoint the E1.UÂˇopean Commission. RULE 4. The E1.U'opeal1. Commission is appointed for a period 4 years and shall consist of a President, a HOll. Secretary and 5 other Members, elected from different natiOllS. The President and the Hon. Secretary may reside in the same count1:Y. The Commission shall serve until a new Commission is appointed and inducted to office.

RULE 5. The European Commission shall possess the following powers:

a) it shall determine, in co-operation with the organising country, the date of the Championships; b) it shall have charge of the preparations for the Championships and their permanent control and conduct; c) it shall appoint the Jury, judges and officials, accept or reject entries, arrange heats, and in general exercise the same conb:ol over the Em'opean Championships as does the COlmcil of the L A. A. F. over the Olympic Games; d) it shall :follow the directions given by the Counsil of the T. A. A. F. and report to this body in European questions; e) to investigate and accept European Records according to special rules adopted for this purpose. RULE 6. The European Championships shall be arranged every 4 years, always 2 years after the Olympic Games. The duration of the Championships for men shall be three days and for women two days. With the consent of the C01.U1cil of the I. A. A. F. different Members may arrange the championships for Inen and women. RULE 7. The Championships shall comprise the complete Olympic Programme. RULE 8. The order of the events and the complete daily programme shall be determined by the European Commission by the end of December. RULE 9. Each 1. A. A. F. Member in Em'ope may be represented by two athletes (in womens championships: three) in each individual event and one team in each relay event. Onlly subjects of a country can represent that country.

97 RULE 10. The final entries submitted by the national Federation must be in the hands of the Federation of the orga-' nising country .ten days before the first day of the Championships. Entries for the relay events need not be accompanied by the names of the competitors but the names of not more than 6 participants must be handed ill by 6 o'clock in the evening of the day preceding the event. RULE 11. Evel'y entry shall be accompanied by an entry fee 01' one gold franc or its equivalent. RULE 12. In each event the winner shall receive a gold medal, the next two silver medals and the next three bronze medals. RULE 13. All other participants, as well as members of the Jm'S, the judges and officials, shall receive commemorative medals. RULE 14. In addition to these rules, the European Championships shall be subordinated to the Amatetu' Status. the athletic and the Olympic Rules of the I. A. A. F., as' well as all decisions and resolutions of the Congress and the Council of the I. A. A. F. RULE 15. The members or the Jury, the judges an.d officials shall be appointed by the European Commission rrom experts of t.he various nations. RULE 16. The organlzmg Association shall be l'esponsible ÂŁ01' all the costs and expenses involved in the preparation and conduct of the Championships, as 'well as for all obligations imposed by the 1. A. A. F.

RULE 17. .The organizing Association shall pay to the 1. A. A. F . . 4 % of the total of the gate' money at the European Championships. This money shall be paid not later than 14 days after the last day of competitions. RULE 18. The orgamzmg Association shall pay the travelling and living expenses (second-class railway return ticket, board and lodging for a maximum period of 8 days [for women 7 days] including the time taken in travelling) for at least 100 men and 50 women athletes of the various participating cotmtries. RULE 19. These 100 resp. 50 places shall be distributed among the various countries in accordance with the athletic results of the preceding year. The organizing Association shall work out a formula from which the quota for each country can be calculated and subtnit this to the Emopean Commission for approval and distribution of the places. RULE 20. The places shall be so distributed that each participating cotmtry shall obtain at least one place. o

RULE 21. Other expenses of the athletes participating in the Championships shall not be paid. As far as possible, however, the organizing Association shall try to obtain ÂŁ01' the athletes, officials and judges, board and lodging at reduced prices and reductions in the travelling expellSes.

REGULATIONS ON EUROPEAN RECORDS 1. European Records are recognized in the athletic events of the programme of the Olympic Games with the exception of the Marathon Race, 3000 m Steeple Chase and 50 km Walk for which no Records will be allowed. 2. The performances of citizens of European cotmtries will be recognized as European Records. 3. Citizens of European countries performing in other continents will only be taken into consideration when their permanent domicile is in Europe. 4. The performances of subjects of non-European Colonies of European Countries cannot be taken into consideration. 0

5. The non-European performances of athletes who are admitted according to the above rules as European athletes may be a1.so recognized as. European Records if these performances are obtained at Olympic Games or they have been accepted by their respective national associations as national records. 6. At the first registration of European Records all world's records recognized by the I. A. A. F. and complying with the above rules are entered in the list without" control. Furthermore, all performances already recognized by the competent national association. as national will also be accepted as European Records without proofs iÂŁ their essential data (name of athlete, performance, time, place etc.) are certified and presented in writing by the respectice national association. 7. For all future performances the same rules and procedure will be in force as the world's records. Appli-

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OFFICIAL LIST OF EUROPEAN RECORDS Evont

RMognhecl by tho I. A. A. F. Time or distanoe

II 0 Ide r

N:Ltion

Date

P 1 u.

0 0

MEN

metres

110.a

Ohristian ;Ber.ger . " 20.9 B. Helmut Kormg . " 46.7 s. A. G. K. Brown . ,. 1 m. 49.s s.... Thomas Hampson . " 3 m. 49 s.... Luigi Beccali .. " 14 m. 17 Lauri Lehtinen .. ." 30 m. 6.2 s.... Paavo Nurmi .. German National Team (Kliraig, " 40.0 s. Lammers, Borchmeyer, Jonath) , Eng-lisll National Team (Wolff, " ........•...... 1 i3 m. 9.s B.... t.Rampling, Roberts, Brown) .. .. I {E. Wellnstrlim . 110 " ! s. B. Sjllstedt .. :.. . i D. O. Finlay . :.'. '0· II .. .. .. U " s. LUigi I!'aeelh Running High Jump 1 203 \lrn 1 Kalevi Koths:::::::::::::::::::::::: Runn!ng Broad Jump... 78'2" Luz Long . Runmng Hop Step and . Ville Tuulos .. Jump........................ 154t> " Pole Vault.................. ,1,2-5" Oharles Holf .. Shot Put 1()'')J, OJ Hans Woelllce .. Willi Schroder ·.. Disc\IS Throwing......... 5310 ;, Javelin Throwing 766(; " Matti Jilrvinell . Hammer Throwing 569(1 " Dr. Patrick O'Oallaghan .. 7824." points... Hans Heinz Sievert .. 8.

s....

WOl\IEN

100 metres

111.7 8

" j 2·3.0 s. 4Xl00 metres 1 4J:l.l s . , 8o metres Hurdles 11.0 s. I I Bread Jump 1 f)91 cm I High Jum p 11G2 " I Shot Put..................... 1438 .. I Discus 'fhrowing 4831. ;: I Javelin Throwing , ·1071 .' .,200

Nethorl:ds VIII. Germany ... VIII. Gt. Britain VIII. " " VIII. Italy......... IX. Finln-nd... VI. ... VIII

26-1934 19-1928 7-1936 2-]932 17-1933 ]9-1932 31-1924

1 Netherlands Germany

Lo; Milano Helsinki

U. S': A.

It1tly

VI. 14-19321

:::::::::1

Gt. Britain VIlI. 9-1936 Sweden .. ; VlU. 25-1929 Finland VIII. 29-1931 Gt. Britllin VIII. ()-1936 Sweden ... VllI. 7-1928 Italy......... X. 6-1920 Finland VII. 12-1036 VII.11-1936

Berlin Stockholm Helsinki Berlin Klihl............... Bologna Helsinki , Berlin

Finland VII. Norway... JX. Germany... VI. .... IV. " IX. Finland Ireland...... IX. Germany ... VlIJ.

Boras Helsinki Wiinsdorf Magdeburg 'rorino W6kford Humburg

Germany...

"'1

·lvIU.

0--19213 27-]925 17-Hl36 7-1984 7-1934 29-1933 7-S.W341

·.. 1 pOlalld ..·.. G" VIII. {Krauss, Dollillger, Dorffondt) ormllnY"·IVlU. 8-1930 {Ruth Engelhardt..................... " VIII. 1!-1934 O. Valla Italy YIn. 0-1936 Selma Grieme Germany VIIt 23-1931 1 L. Gisolf Netherl VI. GiSela Mallcrmoyer Germany VII. 1,)-193>1 ,., ,. " . ... VII. 11-1.936 1 Herma Btttlllla Austna VIr. StelllL Walasiewicr.

Amsterdam Berlin ......

Warszawli ,. .. Berlin ·· BerIm Hannover Amsterdam Warsz(l.wa Berlin Vienna

,. SwedeR Finland Germany ,_ Italy Finland

? 1 Finl:ind

Germany . .. Ital;; .. Jreland . Germany 1 Poland

I ,.

·1

Gerrnanr England Germany ,. Netherlands Poland Germanr Austria

..... o