Handbook 1953. International Amateur Athletic Federation.

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1 PUBLICATIONS OF THE I.A.A.F. Handbook of the LA.A.F. including the Constitution and Competition Rules for international events, General Rules hr Olympic Games, European Championships, also lists of World, Olympic and Eu.opean Reco, ds. (English and Frencl: editions.)

Handbook of au;hentic World Amateur Records (55 years).

Handbook of the Scoring Tables for Track and Field Events. adopted at the Bi ussels Congress in 1950.

Copies of the ab,Jve publications can be obtained from lh:: International Amateur Athletic Federation, 71, SI. Square, London, S.W.I, England. Price 5 shillings each. Five shillings and sixpence post free.

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I.A.A.F. (Educational and Instructional) 16 mm. FILMS OLYMPIC TRACK AND FIELD, 1952-PHOTOGRAPHY AND PRODCCTION by GUY BUTLER (official photographer to the LA.A.F. at Helsinki).

1. FULL LENGTH REELS. Silent double-slow motionthese enable the commentator to give detailed analysis of technique.

Prices: (a) LA.A.F. Olympic Film consisting of 400ft. soools with an age footage of 450ft. on each. Total running .ime (including changing reels) just under It hours. 4 spools in can. including registered post, £32 2!>. 6d. Separate reels £8 lIs. (-d. including registered post. Hire charge: (England and Scotla·td only): £4 4s. Od., plus 5/- express letter post. (b) STAR EVENT consisting of two 400ft. spools with total footage of 2 spools in can (including registered nogO, £16 18s. Od. Hire charge (England and Scotland only): £2 2s. Od., plus 4/- express _letter post. (c) WOMEN'S EVENTS consisting of two 400ft. spools (iust under 800ft.) 2 spools in can (including registered oostl £14 12s. 6d. Separate reels £8 2s. 6d.• including registered "'Ogt. Hire charges (England and Scotland only) £1 105. Od., plus 3s.

Express letter post.

2. LOOP FILMS. These are available for each event.

Prices: Single S-12ft ...

7/Double up to 20ft.

10/6 Loops unjoined: Single 6/Double 9/6 Registered post in Fnited Kingdom \\'ith each order 1( -.

Overseas: normal registered post

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INTERNATIONAL Ai\1ATEUR ATHLETIC FEDERATION

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HANDBOOIZ 1953

Full information concerning the above can be

from:

GUY BUTLER, .. Harbledown ".

Little Hadham, Hertfordshire, England.

Five Shillings (5/-) Five Shillings and Sixp2nce (5/6), post free

.. WORLD CHAMPIONSHIPS heir" in conjunction. with the Olympic Games, Helsinki, 1952

MEN

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so KILOMETRES WALK 11 G DOI'doni, Italv, 4 h. 28 111. 7.8 s.

2 H. H MCh-enley, s.

2 J. Dulezal, Czechoslovagia, 3 E. McD. Bailey, Great Bntalll & 4 h. 30 Ill. 17.8 ".

N. Ireland, 10.4 s. ' 3 A R6ka, Hungary, 4 h. 31 m. 27.2 IOU METRES

1 L. Remigino, U.S.A., 16.4 s.

zoe

METRES

1;\ Stanfield, U.S.A., 20.7 s.

2 W. Baker. U.S.A. 20.8 s.

3 J. Gathers, U.S.A., 29.8 s.

480 METRES

1 V G. Rhoden, Jamaica. 45.9 s.

2 H: H. McKenley, Jamaic..l, 45.' s.

3 U. Matson, U.S.A., 46.8 s.

4 x lOO METRES RELAY I D.S.A (F. Smith, H. Dillard, L Rellligino, A. Stanfield), 40.1 s.

2 U S.S.R. (B Tokarev, L. Kaljaev.

L. Sanadze, V. Soukharev), 40.3 s.

3 HUIlg-arv (L. Zarandi, G. Varasdi, G Chailyi, B. Goldovanyi), 40.5 s.

4 x 400 METRES RELAY

I Tamaica (A.S. Wint, L. H. Laing-,

H. H. McKellley, V G. Rhoden).

3 Ill. 3.95.

2 US.A. (0. 1.fatson, E. G. Cole, C. H. Maore, M G. Whitfield), 3 Ill. 45.

3 Germany (G' Steines, H. Geister.

I,SIlt METRES H. Ulzheiml"r. K. F Haas), 1 J. Barthel, Luxemburg, m. 45 :! s.

3 lll. 6.6 5 2 R McMilIen, o.S.A., 3 l!'.45.2 s.

HIGH JUMP 3 \V. Lueg, Germany, 4.5.4-5.

1 \V. Davls, U.S.A., 2.04'l1l.

(6 ft. 81 in.)

SyOOO :#': .2 K. \Viesner, U.S.A., .z.Olm. lE. Zatopek, Czechoslovakia, (6 ft. 7 ill.) . 14 m. 6.6 s. 3 J. Tdles de Canceicao. Brazil, 2 A. Mil11oun, France, 14 m. 7,4 S.· 198 m. (6 ft. 6 in.)

3 H. Schade, Germany, 14 111. 8.6 s.

LONG JUMP I J. Biffle, U.S.A., 7.57 m 10,000 METRES (24 ft. 10 in.)

1 E. Zatollek, Czechoslovakia, 2 M. Gourdine, U.S.A., 7.53 Ill. 29 111. 17.0 s.

24 ft. in.} 2 A Mimallll France, N m. 32.8 s.

3 O. Foldesi, Hungary, 7.30 m.

3 A. Alloufriev, U.S.S.R., 29 m. 40." s.

(23 ft. III in.)

POLE VAULT 11. METRES HUPi)LES I R. Richards, V.S.A, 4.55 m.

1 H DilIard, o.S.A., 13. J. (14 ft. III in.)

2 J. U.S.A. 13.7 2 D. Laz, U.S.A., 4.50 nl.

3 .\. Barnard, U.S A., 14.1 s.

(14 ft. 91 in. i 3 R. Lundberg, Sweden, 4.40 Ill. 40f METRES HURDLES (14 ft. 51 in.)

1 C. Moore, U.S.A., SO.8 s, HAMMER 2 J. Lituev, D.S,S,R., 51.3 s.

1 J. Csermak, Hungary, 60.34 lll.

3 ]. :lvlIand, New Zealand, 52.2 s.

(I Q 7 ft.

2 K. Storch, Germany, 58.86 m.

3.DvI METRES STEEPLECHASE (193 ft. in.)

1 H. Ashenfelter, o.S.A., 8 m. 45.4 s. 3 L Nemeth, Hungary, 57.75 m.

2 V, Kazantsev, U.S.S.R., 8 m. 51.6 s.

(189 ft. 5 in.)

J. Dis!ey, Great Britain & HOP. STEP AND JUMP N [reland, 8 m. 51.8 s. 1 A. F. da Silva. Brazil. 16.22 Ill. (53 ft. in.) le.o.. METRES WALK 2 L. Scherbakov, U.S.S.R., 15.98 l1l.

1 J. Mikaelsscn. Sweden, 45 m. 2.8 s (52 ft. in.)

2 F Schwab, Switzerland, 45 m. 4t s. 3 A. Devilli5h, Venezuela, 15.52 Ill. 3 B Junk, U.S.s.R., m. 41 s.

(50ft:!!i,.. ) I M

8118 METRES

Whitfield, U.S.A., 1 m. 49.2 s.

2 A ',v i 1,1 t, J al11aica, 1 111. 49,4 s.

3 H. Ulzheil11er, Germany, I m. 49.7 s.

METttks

INTERNATIONAL AMATEUR ATHLETIC FEDERATION.

OFFICIAL HANDBOOK 1953.

ENGLISH EDITION.

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INDEX Page Committees 10 Competition Rules 38 Constitution 25 Council Forewo;d 24 History 6 Members of Committees 10 Members of Council 9 Members of the I.A.A.F. 15 Officers....

Prescnt 7 Officials ar:d their duties 38 Record3.

Events for which \Vorld Recotd3 lccognised 107-108 European .

116-121 Olympic Garr.es 122-124 Wodd 109-115 Rules Constitlltion : Alterations to rules Rule 11 33 Championships-WoJd, European, etc.

33 10 Composition 25 1 Congress Meetings 27 4 Council 28 6 Games-Olympic, Continenhl, Area, Regional, etc.

33 10 " InternaLonal CompetitionsDefinition 31 9 LanÂŁuagcs-official 26 3 29 7 Objects 26 2 Offce's 28 5 Cualifications of Competitors 31 9 fees 7 29 fuspensions 31 8 Titles 25 1 Rules relating to eligibility of Athletes to complete under I.A.A.F. Rules 1-5 34-37 " Rules-OrRanisation and Technical-for International Competitions SECTTON I-Officials and their duties:46 Announcer ...

15 " Clerks of the Ccurse (Starter's 44 Assistants) 1l " 39 :Cccto;s I

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Judges Jury of Appeal Lap Scorers Manager Marshal Officials Recorder Referees Secretary Starter Stewards Surveyor Technical Manager Timekeepers Umpires SECTION I1--Competiol1:Trials in matches Numbers Lanes Obstruction Running in Lanes Leaving track Time aRfi@uneing Assistance Order of €@mpeting Competing in ether events Change of place for events Doping Entries Measmemeots and Weights Official Athletic Implements Protests RtlUfids, Heats and Qualifying Trials Ties .. , World Records SECTION HI-Rufllzinl! Events:Cross Country Finish Hurdles Lanes Marathon Relav StartStee1"lechase Track Team SECTION IV-Jumpi1lR Events:

5 12 2

14

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13

6 3 10

1

16

40 45

39

46 38 45 40 40 4439

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18(2) 18(3) 18(4) 18(5) 18(6) 18(7) 18(8) 18(9) 18(10)

43

47

48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48

49

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49

18(12) 20

23

49 51 46 51 57 54

22 24

52 55

17 21

25

19

27 76 30 31 77

29 2fl

32

4<)

67

60 61 58

64 6<; 61l

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General Hop, Step and Jump Pole Vault ...

Running High Jump Long Jump Standing High Jump Standing Long Jump S-ECTI0N V-Throwing Events:Discus General Hammer Javelin Shot SEcnON VI-Walking Events SECTION VII-Combined Events:Pentathlon ...

Decathlon SECTION VIII Specifications for ufficial Implements and Apparatus Circles Discus Finish Posts Hammer Hammer Ca·ge Hurdles Javelin Jumping and Vaulting Standards Relay Batons Sectors Sectors Flags Shot Starting Blocks Stl'lP Board Take-Qff Board Vaulting Pole V cteriJnS ot tlze I.A.A P. Panel of International Judges tor WalkinR Rule.\' for European Championslzi ps Rules tor EU1"Opean Records RUles fvr Olympic Games W vrld Champioflshi ps-Remits

34 39 36 35 37 38 38

Page 68 72

70 70 71

72 72

42 40 44 41 43 45

76 73 77 74

46 46

79 79

55 51

87 84

53 54

86 86

62

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50 47 60 57 5S 52 61 56 49

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89 88 88

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90 87 R3

82 13 106

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III

Front and Back cover

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HISTORY On the 17th July, 1912, a meeting of representatives from the athletic associations of the following countries:Australasia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Chile, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Great Britain, Gr'eece, Hungary, Norway, Russia and United States of America congregated in Stockholm for the purpose of discussing possibility of forming an International Amateur Athlef,l;; Federation, the need for which had been apparent for, some time previously, due to the development in internatiom.l contests and in particular the Olympic Games. It had become essential to set up an universal code of rules and regulations together with a common amateur definition, which would be acceptable throughout the world, and also it was most desirable to establish an authentic register for World, Olympic and National records.

The meeting resolved to proceed in the matter and under the patronage of H.R.H. The Crown Prince of appointed a Provisional Committee consisting of Messf'>.

J. Sigfrid Edstrom (Sweden) as President, Kristian Hellstrom (Sweden) as Honorary Secretary, Carl Dieio1 (Germany), P. L. Fisher (Gt. Britain), Pierre Roy (France), S. Stankovits (Hungary) and James E. Sullivan (United States of America), to agree to a date on which to hold inaugural meeting in the following year, an having been accepted to hold it in Berlin: alw to prepare an agenda and submit to the draft rules ani regulations.

The inaugural meeting took place in the Preussiches Abgeordnetenhaus, Berlin, 20th-23rd August, 1913, the following countries were represented: Australia, Austrh, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Norway, South Africa, Swede:l, Switzerland, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and United States of America Herr Runge (Germany) proposed the formation of

International Amateur Athletic Federation and was supported by Mr. G. V. A. Schofield (United Kingdom>, Mr. G. T. Kirby and Mr. J. E. Sullivan (U.S.A.). The proposition was carried unanimously. Subsequently draft statutes for the Federation, amateur status rules, and standard rules for competition together with a list of worlJ records was submitted, but all were referred to a Congress meeting to be held the next year, for final adoption.

The first officers and members of the council to elected wer,e: -President, Mr. J. Sigfrid Edstrom; HoYl. Secretary-Treasurer, Mr. Kristian Hellstrom; Members of Council: Messrs. C. Diem (Germany), P. L. Fisher (United Kingdom), F. Reichel (France), S. Stankovits (Hungary), J. E. Sullivan (U.S.A.).

It is pleasurable to record that of the representatives wh,.) attended the inaugural meeting, the following still take a very live interest in the affairs of the I.A.A.F.: Mr. J Sigfrid Edstrom, late President of the International Olympic Committee, Mr. Lauri Pihkala (Finland) and Mr. Gustavus T. Kirby (U.S.A.).

Since those early days, theI.A.A.F. has accomplished what it set out to do. International athletics are to-day lp. a healthy state; competition is of a very high standard and eighty-one countries are in affiliation. A notable development in international athletics has been the growth of continental and regional games. These are of inestimable value in the development of athletics in those countries where the sport is still young and the I.A.A.F. has been able to give considerable assistance to the organisers of these games. Wihout question, the control exercised by the Federation during forty years of existence has been of much benefit to the sport and there is ample evidence of even greater advance in the future.

Reference must be made to the great work carried out

by Mr. J. Sigfrid Edstrom who was the first President of the I.A.A.F., and retained that office from 1912 to 1946 whe.1 he retired. His efforts to promote good relations and athletics generally were unceasing and it is due to his

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8 effective leadership for so many years that the Federation stands so high in the field of amateur sport.

Mr. Eldstrom resigned in 1946 and was succeeded by Lord Burghley: he also resigned the Presidency of the International Olympic Committee in 1952 and was succeeded by Mr. Avery Brundage (U.S.A.) whose wise council and valuable work during the forty years he was associated with the I.A.A.F. has greatly benefited the caUSe of international athletics.

The Federation has been well served by its Honorary Secretaries whose long service in their posts is noteworthy.

Dr. H. Kjellman succeeded Mr. Hellstrom, the first holder of the post, in 1914 and held it until 1930 when Mr. Bo Ekelund was elected. In 1946 he was succeeded by Mr. E. J. Holt, whose work in the difficult post war years has been of immense value. Mr. Holt resigned in ]952 to act as Technical Adviser to the Organising Committee of the Olympic Games in Melbourne and Mr. D. T. P. Pain was appointed as Honorary Secretary-Treasurer in his stead.

The Federation has also been fortunate in having as its members of the Council, Inen of considerable experience in i.nternational athletics.

INTERNATIONALAMATEUR ATHLETIC FEDERATION FOUND'ED in 1912 Postal address:

71, St. George's Square, London, S.W.l, England.

Telegraphic address:

"' Marathon" LondcF'l.

Telephone number:

Victoria 1889.

President: LORD BURGHLEY, K.C.M.G. ,f{onorary Life Preside/1t:

J. SIGFRID EDSTROM.

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HWlOrary Life Vice President: BO EKELUND. Honorary M ember: PROF. DR. HILDING KJELLMAN

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Council.

Lord Burghley, K.C.M.G., President, 71 St. George's Square, London, S.W.I., England" D. T. P. Pain, Honorary Secretary-Treasurer, 71 St. George's Square, London, S.W.l, England.

E. L. Albe, Confederacion Argentina de Deportes, Viamonte 1366, piso 6, Buenos Aires, Argentine Republic.

D. J. Ferris, Amateur Athletic Union of United States of America, 233 Broadway, New York 7, New York, U.S.A. N. ,Kalinin, All Union Section of Light Athletics, 4 Skatertniy Pereulok. Moscow, 69, U.S.S.R. K. Knenicky, Czechoslovak Athletic Section by the State Committee for Physical Culture and Sport, Klimentska I, Prague n, Czechoslovakia.

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'I 11 1J Mericamp, Federation Francaise d'Athletisme, 32 Boulevard Haussmann, Paris IX, France.

L. Miettinen, Runeberginkatu 29a, Helsinki, Finland.

A. Paulen, Akerstraat 7a Treebe;;k CL) Netherlands.

G. D. Sondhi, Bamboo Lodge, Subathu CSimla Hills), India.

O. Tendeland, Arbiens gt. 4. Oslo, Norway.

B. Zauli, Federazione Italiana di Atletica Leggera, Stadio Nazionale, Rome, Italy.

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COMMITTEES Rules and Records Committee.

B. Lindman, Chairman, Blasieholmsgatan 3, Stockholm, SWEDEN. D. T. P. Pain, Hon. Secretary, 71 St. George's Square, Gt. BRITAIN & NORTHERN London, S.W.I. IRELAND. E. Clemme, Ligue Royale BeIge d'Athletisme, 61 Rue du Marche aux Herbes, Brussels, BELGIUM. J, C. da Costa, Rue Uruguayana 41 Distrite Federal, BRAZIL. J. W. Davies, 3515 Minto Avenue, Montreal, Quebec, CANADA. A. H. Pedersen, Norregade 6, K, DENMARK. F. A. Moran, Moran's Hotel, Talbot Street, Dublin, EIRE. M. K. Mansour, Egyptian Amateur Athletic Federation, 13 Kasr el Nil, Cairo, EGYPT. G. Jurgenson, 32 Boulevard Haussmann, Paris IX, FRANCE. O. Sabel, Dortmund-Horde, Penningskamp 15, GERMANY. H. M. Abrahams, British Amateur Athletic Board, 118 Chancery Lane, London, W.C.2. Gt. BRITAIN & NORTHERN IRELAND. B. Fehervari, Hungarian Athletic Association, Budapest V. Hold-u 1, HUNGARY. J. D. Pardivala, Cabinet Cottage, Tardeo', Bombay, INDIA: G. Oberweger, Federazione ltaliana di Atletica Leggera, Stadio Nazionale via Dello Stadia 18, Rome:. ITALY.

A. Urquhart, 29 Simla Crescent, Wellington, N.5, NEW ZEALAND. .......... ' , PAKISTAN. C. Forys, Warszawa, AI. Roz 7, POLAND. N. Ozolen, All Union Section of Light Athletics, 4 Skatertniy Pereulok, Moscow, 69, U.S.S.R. L. Olds, 921 Cross, Ypsilanti, Michigan, U.S.A. 75/V, YUGOSLAVIA. M. Delic, Zagreb, European Committee P. Mericamp, President, 32 Boulevard Haussmann, Paris IX, ,FRANCE. 1. R. Seurin, Hon. Secretary, 32 Boulevard Haussmann, Paris IX, FRANCE. E. Hermes, Rue de la Madeleine 13, Brussels, BELGIUM. E. Bosak, Czechoslovak Athletic Section by the State Committee for Physical Culture and Sport, Klimentska 1, Prague 1I, CZECHOSLOVAKIA. M. Danz, Kassel, Teichstr. 35, GERMANY. J. C. G. Crump, British Amateur Athletic Boa!'d, 118 Chancery Lane, London, W.C.2. Gt. BRITAIN & NORTHERN IRELAND. A. Paulen, Akerstraat 7, Treebeck CL), NETHERLANDS. D. Nai, Federazione Italiani di Atletica Leggera, Stadio N azionale, via Dello Stadio 18, Rome, ITALY. M. Oppegaard, A/S Moss Glasvaerk, Moss, NORWAY. T. Ericson, Stadion, Stockholm 0, SWEDEN. N. Moran, The Turkish Federation of Amateur Athletics, Necatibey Caddeso, Ankara, TURKEY. N. Kalinin, All Union Section of Light Athletics, 4 Skatertniy Pereulok, Moscow 69, U.S.S.R. Walking Comm;ss!on.

F. W. Blackmore, President, 185 Fulham High Street, S.W.6.

Gt. BRITAIN & NORTHERN IRELAND. D. T. P. Pain, Hon. Secretary, 71 St. George's Square, London, S.W.I. Gt. BRITAIN & NORTHERN IRELAND.

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Scoring Table Commission.

L. Miettinen. President, Runeberginkatu 29a, Helsinki, FINLAND. R. HoIzer, Solteszovej 24, Bratislava, CZECHOSLOVAKIA. B. Fe,nervari, Hungarian Athletic Association, Budapest, V. Hold-u. 1. HUNGARY. G. GuabeUo,: Federazione Italiani di Atletica Leggera, Stadio via Dello Stadio 18, Rome, ITAL Y. J. H. Moerman, Brinkstraat 53 br., Amsterdam, 0, NETHERLANDS. A. Jorbeck, Erik Sandbergsgatan 17, Solna, SWEDEN. N. Ozolen, All Union Section of Light Athletics, 4 Skatertniy Pereulok, Moscow 69, U.S.S.R. H.Berliner, 135 Mississippi Street, San Francisco, CALIFORNIA. Women's P. Mericamp, President, 32 Boulevard Haussmann, Paris, IX, FRANCE. H. Delias, Hon. Secretary, 32 Boulevard Haussmann, Paris, IX, FRANCE.

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Guilleaux, 32 Boulevard Haussmann, Paris IX, FRANCE. B. Fehervari, Hungarian Athletic Association, Budapest V. Hold-u 1, HUNGARY. G. Oberweger, Federazione Italiani di Atletica Leggem, Stadio Nazionale, via Dello Stadio 18, Rome, ITALY. A. M. Hagen, Torggaten 2, Oslo, NORWAY. I. lonescu, Bucarest, rue Vasile Conta 16, ROUMANIA. E. Linde, Svenska Gangforbundet, Fredsgatan 10, Stockholm C, SWEDEN. A. Libotte, Case Postale 88, Bern-Kornhaus.

SWITZERLAND. N. Kalinin, All Union Section of Light Athletil.:s, <t Skatertniy Pereulok, Mescow 69, U.S.S.R.

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Mrs. D. I. Magee, 26 French Street, Marouba, 'N.S.W., AUSTRALIA. T. Dahl-Jensen, Nojsomhedsvej 2, 0, DEN MARK. M rs, W. E. Hughes, 13 Selcroft Road, Purley, Surrey.

Gt. BRITAIN & NORTHERN IRELAND. C. Martens, Kiel, Kuterstr 4-6, GERMANY. B. Zauli, Federazione Italiani di Atletica Leggera, Stadio Nazionale, via Dello Stadio 18, Rome, ITALY. J. H. Moerman, Brinkstraat 53bv. Amsterdam 0, NETHERLANDS. C. Forys, Warszawa, A.I. Roz 7, POLAND. Mme. Z Romanova, All Union Section of Light Athletics, 4 Skatertniy Pereulok, Moscow, 69, U.S.S.R. Pentathlon Committee.

B. Lindman, B1asieholmsgatan 3, Stockholm, SWEDEN. G. T. Kirby, c/o Amateur Athletic Union of the U.S., 233 Broadway, New York, U.S.A.

VETERANS OF THE I.A.A.F H.M. The King of Sweden.

Lord Burghley, K.C.M.G. (Gt. Britain and Northern Ireland).

Harold M. Abrahams (Gt. Britain and Northern Ireland).

Avery Brundage (U.S.A.).

Friedrich BUJ"ger (Germany).

Emile CleIlUTle (Belgium).

Charles J. Dieges (U.S.A.).

Carl Diem (Germany).

J, Si.gfrid Edstrom (Sweden).

B;) Ekelund (Sweden).

Tage Ericso.n (Sweden).

Dan J. Ferris (USA.).

Edouard Hermes (Belgium).

Ernest J. H. Holt, O.B.E. (Gt. Britain & Northern Ireland).

Evan A. Hunter, C.B.E. (South Africa).

Gaston Jurgenson (France).

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Gustavus T. Kirby (U.s.A.).

U. Kekkonen (Finland).

Hilding Kjellman (Sweden).

Bo Lindman (Sweden).

Lauri Miettinen (Finland).

Paul Mericamp (France).

Justus W. Meyerhof (Germany).

Frederick A. Moran (Eire).

Dino Nai (Italy).

Mogens Oppegaard (Norway).

Adrian Paulen (Netherlands).

Lauri. Pihkala (Finland).

Oscar Rosenvinge-Kolderup (Norway).

Jean R. Seurin (France).

G. D. Sondhi (India).

Olav Tendeland (Norway).

LIST OF MEMBERS

Deceased.

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Sir Harry J. Barc1ay (Gt. Britain and Northern Ireland).

WiIliam M. Barnard (Gt. Britain and Northern Ireland).

J. E. Chryssafis (Greece).

Leopold Englund (Sweden).

J. Genet (France).

Kristian Hellstrom (Sweden).

Murray Hulbert (U.SA.).

S. Kishi (Japan).

Joe B. MacCabe (U.SA.).

E. S. Marks (Australia).

J G. Merrick (Canada).

Franz Reichel (France). .

F. W. Rubien (U.S.A.).

Johannes Runge (Germany).

G. V. A. Schofield (Gt. Britain and Northern Ireland).

Szilard Stankovits (Hungary).

Robert M. Thompson (U.S.A.).

Hermann Wraschtil (Austria).

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AFGHANISTAN. Olympic Association of Afghanistan, c/o Prime Minister's Office, Kabul.

Founded 1930.

Cables: "Olympic".

ALBANIA. Federation Sportive Albanaise, Tirane.

Founded 1930.

Cables: "Federation Sportive".

ARGENTINE. Confederacion Argentina de Deportes, Viamonte 1366, piso 6, Buen0s Aires, Argentine Republic.

Founded 1919.

Cables: "Cadcao ".

AUSTRALIA. Amateur Athletic Union of Australia, 41 Carlingford Road, Epping, N.S.W., Australia.

Founded 1897.

Cables: "Amathunion, Sydney".

AUSTRIA. Osterreichischer Leichtathletik-Verband, Lowengasse 47, (Hochparterre), Vienna Ill. Founded 1900.

Cables: "OLV Wien".

BAHAMAS. The Bahamas Amateur Athletic Association, P.O. Box 1287, Nassau, Bahamas.

Founded 1952.

BARBADOS. Amateur Athletic Association of Barbados, c/o P.O. Box 36, Bridgetown, Barbados, N.W.I. Founded 1947.

BELGIUM. Ligue Royale BeIge d'Athletisme, 61-63 Rue du Marche-aux-Herbes, Bruxelles.

Founded 1889.

Cables: "Belgathletic".

BERMUDA. Bermuda Amateur Athletic Association, P.O. Box 533, Hamilton, Bermuda.

Founded 1946.

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BOLIVIA. Federacion Athletica de Bolivia, Avenida Montes 736, La Paz, Bolivia.

Cables: ,. Fedatletica ".

Founded t 929.

BRAZIL. Confederacao Brasileira de Desportos, Caixa Postal 1078, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Cables: ., Desportos ".

Founded 1914.

BRITISH GUIANA. Amateur Athletic Assoc. & Cyclists' Union ;of B.G. P.O. Box 134, Georgetown, Demerara, British Guiana.

Cables: "Athlete".

Founded 1948.

BULGARIA. Section Republicaine aupres du Comite Supreme de Culture Physique et des Sports, Boris 1,135, Sofia Bulgaria.

Cables: "Vekafese-Sofia".

Founded 19-+SJ. BURMA. Burma National Amateur Athletic Federation, P.O. Box 771, B.A.A. Stadium, Rangoon.

Founded 19.+7.

CAMBODIA Federation Cambodgienne des Sports, 26-28 Rue Capitaine Desmoulins a Phnom-Penh.

Founded 1936.

CANADA. Amateur Athletic Union of Canada, 593 Spruce Street, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. __ Cables: "Amateur".

Founded CEYLON. Ceylon Amateur Athletic Association, clo P. Julian Grero, Shangri-La, 106 Kirula Road, Colombo 5, Ceylon.

Cables: .. Athletics ".

Founded 1922.

CHILE. Federacion Atletica de Chile, CasiIla 820, Santiago de Chile.

Cables: "Fedachi" Founded 1947.

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17 COLOMBIA. Asociacion Colombiana de Atletismo Amateur, Calle 26, No. 36-51, Apartado Nacional No. 1309, Bogota, Colombia.

Cables: .. Ascodatle ".

CUBA. Union Atletica de Amateurs de Cuba, Edif La Metropolitana, 810-811. Habana, Cuba.

Cables: "Fenaliso, Habana ".

Founded 1922.

CZECHOSLOVAKIA. Czechoslovak Athletic Section by the State Committee for Physical Culture and Sport, Klimentska 1, Prague 11.

Cables: Statsport Praha.

Founded 1897.

DENMARK. Dansk Athletik Forbund, Nojsomhedsvej 2, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Founded 1967.

ECUADOR. Federacion Deportiva Nacional del Ecuador, Palacio Municipal, Correo Apartado 248, Guayaquil, Ecu'ador.

Founded 1925.

Cab1es: "Fedenador".

EGYPT. Egyptian Amateur Athletic Federation, 13 Kasr el Nil, Cairo, Egypt.

Foupded 1910.

EIRE. Amateur Athletic Union, Eire, 37 Villa Park Avenue, N avan Road, Dublin, Eire.

Founded 1937.

ETHIOPIA. National Ethiopian_ Sports Confederation, P.O. Box 940, Addis-Ababa.

Founded 1948.

FIJI. Fiji Amateur Sports Association, Tolo Buildings, Suva, Fiji.

Founded 1949.

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FINLAND. Suomen Urheiluliitto, Simonkatu 12a, Helsinki, Finland.

Founded 1906.

Cables; "Urheiluliitto".

FRANCE. Federation Francaise d'Athletisme,.

32 Boulevard Haussmann, Paris 9, France.

Cables: "Fedathleti".

Founded 1920.

GERMANY. Deutscher Leichtathletik-Verbund, Friedrich-Ebert-Strasse 137, Kasel.

Cables; "Leichtathletik KaseI".

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Founded 1898.

Re-formed 1949.

GOLD COAST. The Gold Coast Amateur Athletic Association, p.a. Box 341, Acera.

Founded 1944.

0REAT BRITAIN &. NORTHERN IRELAND. British Amateur Athletic Board, Crown Chambers, 118 Chancery Lane, London, W.C.2.

Cables; "Athlete, Estrand, London". Founded 1932.

GREECE. Hellenic Amateur Athletic Association, 4 Kapsali Street, Athens, Greece.

Founded 1897.

Cables; "Segas-Athens".

GUATEMALA. Federacion de Atletismo de Guatemala, 6 Avenida Sur, No. 17, Guatemala City, Central America.

Cables; "Atletismo".

Founded 1945.

HONG KONG. The Hong Kong Amateur Athletic Association, p.a.

Box 280, HONG KONG. Founded 1951.

HUNGARY. Magyar Athletikai Szovetseg, V. Hold-u. 1. Budapest, VI. Hungary. Founded 1897.

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ICELAND. Icelandic Athleti c Union, P.O. Box 1099, Reykjavik, IGeland.

Founded Cables: " Idrottasamband ".

INDIA. Amateur Athletic Federation of India, Mayo College, Ajmer, India.

Cables: " Mayo College, Ajmer".

Founded INDONESIA. Persatuan Atletik Se1uruh Indonesia, Djl. Borobudur 18, Djakarta, Indonesia.

Founded IRAN. Iranian Amateur Athletic Federation, Tarbiat Badani, Teheran, Iran.

Cables: "Tarbiatbadani Teheran".

Founded The Iraq Amateur Athletic Association, C / 0 The Royal Sporting Club, Baghdad, Iraq.

Founded ISRAEL. Sports Federation of Israel, P.O. Box 1526 Tel-Aviv.

Founded ITALY. Federazione Italiana di Atletica Leggera, Stadio Nazionale, Rome.

Cables: "Fidal Roma".

Founded JAMAICA. Jamaica Amateur Athletic Association, 38 South Parade, Kingston.

Founded JAPAN. Nippon Rikujo-Kyogi Remmei, 4-6 Surugadai, Kanda, Tokyo.

Cables ; " Zennihon, Tokyo ".

Founded KOREA. Korean Amateur Athletic Association, P.O. Box 106, Pusan, Korea.

Founded

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2J LEBANON. Federation Libanaise Omnisport, c/o M. A. W. Ramadan, 21 Avenue des Fraacais, Beyrouth.

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LIECHTENSTRIN. Landes-SportverDand fur das Furstentum Liechtenstein, Balzers. Furstentum, Liechtenstein.

Cables: •• Landessportverband Schaan, EL." Founded 1936.

LUXEMBURG. Federation Luxemeourgeoise d'Athletisme, P.O. Box 104, Esch Alzette, Luxemburg.

Founded 1928.

Cables: "FLA. Esch Alzette".

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MALAYA. Malayan Amateur Athletic Union, cfo P.O. Box 1041, Kuala Lumpur.

Cables: "c/o Stateworks, Kuala Lumpur, Malaya ".

Founded 1906.

MALTA. Malta Amateur Athletic Association, 93 Main Street, St Julians, Malta.

Founded 1928.

Cables: .. Athlete".

MEXICO. Confederacion Depertiva Mexicana, Plaza Buenavista 2, Mexico, D.E

Founded 1933.

NETHERLANDS. Koninklijke Nederlandse Athletiek Unie, Brinkstraat 53 by. Amsterdam-Oost.

Founded 1901.

NEW ZEALAND. New Zealand Amateur Athletic Association, G.P.O. Box 741, Wellington, C.l., New Zealand.

Founded 1887.

NIGERIA. Amateur Athletic Association of Nigeria, P.O. Box 211, Lagos Nigeria, B.W.A. Cables: "Athletics ".

Founded 1944.

21 NORTHERN RHODESIA. NQrthern Rhodesia Amateur Athletic Association, P.0. Box 62, Kitwe, Northern Rhodesia.

Cables: "Chilling '1.

Fouoded '1948.

NORWAY.

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Norges Fri-idrettsforbund, Torggata 2, Oslo.

Cables: "Fri-idrettsforbundet".

Founded 189(;.

PAKlsrAN. Pakistan Olympic Association, Headquarters No. 1 Group, R.P.A.F., Peshawar, Founded 1947.

Pakistan.

PANAMA. Cornision Nacional de Atletismo de Panama Departamento de Ducacion Fisca, Apartado' 1630, Republic de Panama.

Cables: "Atletismo Educfisiea ".

Founded 1945.

PBRU. Federacion Peruana de Atletismo, General la Ferenta 590, Lima.

Founded 1927.

Cables: " Atleperu ".

PHILIPPINES. Philipfline Amateur Athletic Federation Rizal Memorial Coliseum, Vito Crl'lZ, Manila, Philippines.

Cables: "Paafmanila".

Founded 1911.

POLAND. Polish Athletic Federation, Aleja Roz Nr. 7, Warsaw, c.l.

Cables: "Gekaef, Warsaw" Founded 1920.

PORTUGAL. Federacao Portuguesa de Atletismo, Praca de Alegria 65, Lis'bon.

Founded 1921.

PUERTO-RICO. Puerto Rico Athletic Federation clo Mr. Julio E. Monagas, Chairman Recreation' and Pa.rks Commission, San Juan, Puerto Rico.

Founded 1947.

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ROUMANIA. Coinitetul Pentru Cultura Fizica si Sport, Str. Vasle, Conta 16, Bucarest.

Cables: "Comfiscult".

Founded 1912.

SAAR. Saarlandischer Leichtathletik-Bund e. V., .Saarbrucken 3, Lamperstr 5, Saarland.

Cables: Athletic Saarbrucken.

Founded 1946.

SINGAPORE. Singapore Amateur Athletic Association, " B " Connaught Drive, Singapore.

Founde4 1934.

SOUTH AFRICA. The South African Amateur Athletic & Cycling Assoc., P.O. Box 956, Cape Town.

Founded 1895.

Cables: "Athlete" Camps Bay. SPAIN. Federacion Espanola de Atletismo, Barquillo 19, Madrid.

Founded 1918.

SWEDEN. Svenska Fri-Idrottsforbundet, Box 801, Stockholm.

Cables: "Friidrott".

Founded 1895.

SWITZERLAND. Federation Suisse d'Athletisme Amateur, Case postale 88, Bern-Kornhaus.

Cables: "Athletisme Berne" Founded 1905.

SYRIA. Syrian Federation Omnisport, Cour des comptes, Baghdad Street, Damascus.

Founded 1949.

THAILAND. Samakorm Kritha Smak-Ien Hang Prades Thai, 58 Rong Muang Road, Bangkok, Thailand.

Founded 1948.

TRINIDAD & TOBAGO. Amateur Athletic Association of Trinidad & Tobago, 9a Reid Lane, Belmont, P.O.S. Trinidad, RW.I. Cables: "Trina".

Founded 1945

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TURKEY. RT.G.M. Atletizm Federasyonu, Ankara, Turkey.

Founded 1922.

Cables: "Atletizm Spor Ankara "., UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS. All Union Section of Light Athletics, 4 Skatertniy Pereulok 69, Moscow, U.S.S.R. Cables: "Vsecomfiscult, Moscow".

Founded 1924.

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Amateur Athletic Union of United States of America, 233 Broadway, New York 7, New York.

Founded 1888.

Cables: "Amathletic".

URUGUAY. Federacion Atletica del Uruguay, Colon 1537, Montevideo.

Cables: "Atletica".

Founded 1918.

VENEZUELA. Federacion Venezolana de Atletismo, El Paraiso, Instituto Nacional de Deportes, Caracas, Venezuela.

Founded Cables: "Colimpico".

VIET-NAM. Federation d'Athletisme du Viet-Nam, No. 97 Rue Docteur Angier, Saigon, Sud Viet-Narn.

Founded 1951.

Cables: "FAVN, Saigon ".

YUGOSLAVIA. Federation Yougoslave d'Athletisme, Belgrade Terazge 35, Box 475, Yugoslavia.

Cables: "Asaj".

Founded 1948.

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FOREWORD In presenting the Official Handbook of the International Amateur Atheletic' Federation for 1953, you will notice that there are a number of amendments and modifications. This revision has entailed much work by the Committees of the Federation and I would like, on your behalf, to thank them for tile way in which they have carried out their task.

Naturally, there have been a number of conflicting but the fact that agreement has been reached so amIcably proves that Members always have before them, as their firA aim, the progress and efficiency of athletics throughout the world.

The activities and work of the International Amateur Athletic Federation of recent years have continued to increase and are still increasing. To-day, there are eightyone National" Governing Bodies affiliated to us, striking evidence of the great interest being taken in our sport in all comers of the globe. With th.e increase in the numbers of our Council, and the widely diffused areas in which they live, it is now possible for all N atioFla.l G.,verning Bodies to contact a Member of the Council, in case of difficulty. The Council and Executive are most Olll;ltious to keep in close contact with all Members, and assist in tile solution of any problems that may arise.

May I, on behalf of the Officers and Council, send good wishes and greetings to all Members.

BURGHLEY, President.

1st March, 1953.

71 St. George's Square, London, S.W.!.

CONSTITUTION of the INTERNATIONAL .AMATEUR FEDERATION NOTE:

ATHLETIC

-Words in these rules and all other matter importing the masculine gender shall include the feminine and the words of the singular person shall include the plural.

The undermentioned words or letters shall bear the meaning set opposite to them:AthletiC! : I.A.A.F,:

Track and field athletics, cross country running and walking.

International Amateur Athletic Federation.

Member of the Federation: National Governing Association er Federation.

I.O.C.: lnternational Olympic Committee.

Rule 1.

Title and Composition.

I.-The title shall be the International Amateur Athletic Federation.

It shall comprise duly elected national governing associations or federations of countries, in of amateur track and field athletics, cross country runnIng and walking, and which agree to abide bv the rules and regulations of the I.A.A.F. .

Only one member for each country can be affiliated.

2.-The jurisdiction of members of the Federation shall be limited to the political boundaries of the country they represent.

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25 RULE 2.

Objects of the Federation.

The objects of the Federation shall be:I.-To establish friendly and loyal co-operation between all members for the benefit of amateur athletics throughout the world.

2.-,-To compile rules and regulations governing internati,onal competitions for men and women in amateur athletics.

3.-To ensure that all contests between members of the Federation, including continental championships, regional championships and all other international competitions shall be held under the laws and the rules for competition of the Federation.

4.-To affiliate national governing associations and federations.

5.-To decide any dispute that may arise between members if called uport to do so.

6.-To co-operate with the Organising Committees of the Olympic Games in carrying through the organisation of the athletic competitions and as delegated by the I.O.C. tQ supervise and control all tht;l technical arrangements.

7.-To frame regulations for the establishment of World, Olympic and Continental amateur records in athletics.

RULE 3.

Official Languages.

The official languages of the Federation shall be English and French and they shall be used at the Congress Meetings.

The Constitution and the Rules and Regulations shall be printed in both languages, but the Minutes, Reports and other communications as the Council shall decide.

In all cases of any difference in the interpretation of the text, the English version shall be accepted.

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RULE 4.

Congresses.

1.-The Congress of the LA.A.F. shall consist of the President, two Vice-Presidents elected for the meeting only, t.he Honorary Secretary, Members of the Council and by not more than five representatives delegated by each affiliated Member.

2.--A Member of the Federation shall be represented only by its delegates. Notice of the appointment of delegates, certified in writing by the Member they represent, must be lodged with the Honorary Secretary prior to' the commencement of the Congress meeting. Delegates shall be citizens of the country they represent and shall not have coached or competed as a professional. In cases where a Me;nber sends only one delegate he shall be entitled to use the full number of votes. A delegate shall represent only one Member of the Federation.

3.-The Members of the Federation included in gr,Qup 'A' shall be entitled to seven votes each; those in group 'B' to five votes each; those in group 'C' to three votes each, and those in group 'D' to one vote each. (Also see Rule 7.)

4.-The Congress shall be convened biennially and the venue shall be fixed at the preceding meeting.

5.-The President of the Federation shall preside at all Congrss meetings. In his absence the meeting shall appoi.nt one of the elected Vice-Presidents.

6.-The Congress only shall have power to approve or alter any constitutional rule. All additions, amendments or alterations to the Constitutional Rules must obtain 51 per cent of the total voting power of the I.A.A.F. or twothirds of the voting power present, whichever is the lesser.

7.-A special Congress may be called, provided not less than fifteen Members of the Federation give notice in writing to the Honorary Secretary stating they desire such a meeting and the reasons relating thereto. Upon receipt of any such notice, the Honorary Secretary shall summon a meeting of the Congress within three months.

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8.-Jn recognition of valued services given to the cause of international athletics, Congress shall be entitled to elect an Honorary Life President and not more than three Life Vice-Presidents, without voting power.

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The administrati0n of the affairs of the Federation. (c) T.he previsieQa-1 affiliation of Natienal

bodies fer athletks. (Also see Rule 7.) (d) Notification to members ef the imposition of any penalties by either Congress or the Council. 'e) The of a register of World. Olympic and Continental amateur records (t) Deciding any dispute that arise between members of tae Federat·km which may be referred to it by either of the interested meml!>ers. tg) Framing rules and regulations for. and controlling a1J.d s1:1pervising the athletic te€hnical organisation at the Olympic Games. (h) The submission to Congress of a report, an auditea statement of accounts and balance sheet on the proceedings and finances of the Federation together with a budget for the succeeding years. l;i) In cases of great importance requiring an immediate decision it shall have power to summon an Extraordinary Congress of the Federation.

RULE 5.

Officers.

1'ht President and the Honorary Secretary shall be elected bv the Congress, each for a term of four years.

They shall reside in the same country. The officers shalt be Cl. .Ajicio members of all committees and commissions.

RULE 6.

Council.

L--The Council shall be elected by Congress, for a term ·0f four years, with powers and duties as set out here:after.

The Council shall c0nsist of the President and the Honorary Secretary of the Federation and ten additional representatives from different countries other than that of the President and Honorary Secretary. (Also see RUle 5.)

2.-The officers and members of the Council shall serve until their successors are appointed and take office.

3.-In the absence of the President, the Honorary Secretary shall preside.

4.- The President and the Honorary Secretary shall.each have a vote. The President in the case of a tie in the "Ioting. shall have a second or casting vote.

5.-When during the time between the Congress meetings any vacancy arises in the membersh1p of the Council, the vacant place shall be filled by the Council by accepting the nominee ·of the member association represented by the retiring member of the Council.

6.- The Council shall meet at least once a year and its duties shall include:{;ij The examination of all proposals to 'be placed Congress and to submit a report thereon.

RULE 7.

I.-The National Governing Body for amateur athletics in any country shall be eligible for membership of thu Federation. for membersbDp tog,ether witb a copy of the ConstitutIOn and rules shall be submitted to the wbich shall bave power to elect to membersbip pending confirmation at the next Congress meetmg.

3.-Membersbip. shall be divided into four groups and any member admitted to the Federation after the 23rd August 1950 shall be placed in sucb groups as the Congress may decide. Tbe following grouping witb effect from the 1st January 1951 was agreed at the Brussels

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accordance with the following groups:Each Member in Group 'A' shall pay

. 1950 and shall remain as such until altered by Congress In a subsequent Congress:GROUP 'A' Canada Finland France Germany Gt. Britain & Northern Ireland Hungary Italy Japan Sweden U .s.America U.S.S.R. GROUP'B' Argentine Australia Belgium Brazil Czecho-Slovakia Denmark Eire Greece India Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Norway Pakistan Poland South Africa Spain

" " "

Switzerland Yugo-slavia

" "

" "

'B' ' C·-' ' D· '

" " "

" " "

£15 £ 10 £5

" " Any member whose subscription is unpaid on the 31st December shall be liable to be struck off the list 01 members of the Federation or suspended at the discretion of the Council. No representative can be authorised to take part in any meeting of the Congress or Committee::! if the subscription of the member he represents is more than twelve months in arrears. (Also see Rule 4 para. 3.)

GROUP 'C' Afghanistan Austria Bulgaria Ceylon Chili Colombia Cuba Egypt keland Iran Israel Jamaica Luxemburg Panama Peru Philippines Portugal Puerto Rico Roumania Turkey Uruguay

RULE 8.

Suspensions.

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GROUP'D' All the other Members.

4.-The annual fees from each member affiliated to I.A.A.F. shall be paid in advance on 1st January

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The Council of the Federation shall have the power to suspend any athlete from international competition until the next meeting of the Congress, and the Congress shall likewise have the power to suspend any athlete from international competition for so long as shall be stated in its decision.

RULE 9.

International Athletic Competitions and Qualification of Competitors, I.-An international athletic meeting is defined as follows:(a) A meeting arranged between two or more members of the Federation; or Cb) A meeting organised by the Federation or a member of the Federation or by a club affiliated to and having the sanction of a member, provided other members of the Federation or their clubs take part in the meeting.

2.-Neither a national championship open to all amateur athletes, nor a competition in which a touring team of athletes takes part as individuals shall be considered an international meeting.

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3.-At all international meetings the rules and regulations of the Federation shall apply.

4.-All international meetings must be .sanctioned by the I.A.A.F. or by a member of the FederatIOn. National governing bodies in authorising meetings under their jurisdiction shaH insist. that all pnzes are in the nature of souvenirs commemoratmg the succ.ess of the athlete and shall not exceed the value of £12 sterlIng as at 27th August (or its equivalent in other be 1950). Any prom<?ter infringing thIS rule given permission thereafter to promote an meeting. No meeting may be .by any member of the Federation for the J?enod two months immediately before and dunng the Games without first obtaining permission from the CouncIl of the I.A.A.F. 5.-No athlete of any country shall be per.mitted to represent his couNtry or to compete at any meetmgs other than those arranged or sanctioned by a member of t.he Federation. Invitations and other correspondence pertaming to the competitioB of athletes in a foreign country m.ust pass through the respective members of the involved. Every athlete must, before competmg In an.y foreign country, receive from his governing .body a permit to C0mpete and no member of the FederatIOn shall anow athlete to enter atly competition such any permit certifying that he is an amateur and permitted to compete therein.

6.-Any athlete competing in any foreign country than in international meetings as above defined) In respect to that competition, be subject to the athletiC laws of that country.

7.-1n international competitions, of this Federation shall be represented only by natIve bor? or naturalised subjects of the country which affiliated member represents, except in the case of CItIzens of a colony, when they shaH be eligible to represent the mother

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33 eountry if such co1ony is not represented by membei"ship of the lA.A.F. Having once represented any member of the Federation in international competition, no contestant may thereafter represent any other member except in case of:(a) Incorporation of one country in another, Creation of a new country ratified by treaty, or (c) Where membership of the I.A.A.F. is acquired by the governing body of any colony Where such membership did not ,previously exist.

RULE 10.

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Championships of the World and Area Championships.

I.-The IA.A.F. alone shall have the right to organise or sanction World's, European, Far East, Latin American and other area championships for field and track events.

2.-The Olympic Games shall be regarded as World Championships in track and field athletics.

3.-Sanction of the I.A.A.F. is required for all area championships. A fee of £10 sterling (or its equivalent in other currencies) which fee shall accompany the application for sanction, shall be paid to the I.A.A.F. by the sponsoring body for such sanction, except for the Olympic Games and European Championships.

4.-The I.A.A.F. shall designate a respresentative to attend each area games or championships, at the expense of the organisers, to ensure that the rules and regulations of the I.A.A.F. are complied with. Such representative shall render his report to the I.A.A.F. within thirty days thereafter.

NOTE.-For the purpose of this rule, world, gr<>up or sectional games and championships are defined as area championships.

RULEll. Alterations to Rules.

1. Constitution Laws.-Proposals for alteration or additions to the constitution rules of the Federation shaH be

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made only by a member of the Federation and must reach the Honorary Secretary of the LA.A.F. at least live calendar months prior to the Congress at which they are to be considered. The proposals shall be communicated to affiliated countries at least four calendar months before such Congress. No proposals shall be considered by Congress without the notice specified herein.

2. Technical Rules.-Proposals to amend the technical rules shall be sent to the Honorary Secretary of the IA.A.F. for submission to the Rules & Records Committee prior to to the Congress. If approved the Rules & Records Committee shall make recommendations to the Council which has full authority to decide thereon.

3.-No alterations or additions to the technical rules passed during the twelve months preceding any Olympic Games shall be effective until after the Games.

35

(iij)

(iv) (v}

(vi) (vii)

RULES RELATING TO ELIGIBILITY OF ATHLETES TO COMPETE UNDER INTERNATIONAL AMATEUR ATHLETIC FEDERATION RULES. I.-An amateur is one who competes for the love of sport and as a means of recreation, without any motive of securing any material gain from such competition.

2.-Competition under International Amateur Athletic Federation rules is restricted to amateur athletes who are eligible to compete under the rules as laid down by the International Amateur Athletic Federation.

3.-The following persons are ineligible to take part in competitions under International Amateur Athletic Federation rules.

Any person who:(i) since reaching the age of 16 has competed in any sport for any pecuniary reward; (ii) has taken part in any track or field event in which any of the competitors were, to his knowledge ineligible to comPete under International Amatur Athletic Federation rules;

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has ever received any pecuniary consid'eration for teaching, training or coaching in any sport; NOTE.-Physical education teachers whose work is educational and who are not paid directly or /on.directly for the coaching of athletes for competlttOns are eligible to compete as amateurs has at any time been financially interested any tra.ck or field event in which he was entered; wntes, lectures or broadcasts for payment upon any track or field event or competition without the prior permission of 'his national governing body; sells or pawns any of his prizes' receives any compensation for the goods or of any firm, manufacturer or agent, or allows hiS name or his static or moving picture to be used as a means of advertising or recommending the goods of any firm, manufacturer or agent; NOTE.-When and where it is proved that the name or the picture of the athlete was used for the purpose of this paragraph without his knowledge the indemnity to be collected from the person responsible for the injury, privately agreed 01 stipulated by the Courts, will revert to the Federation to which the athlete belongs while. a of any club or other under of a national body affiliated the to the InternatIOnal Amateur Athletic Federation any foreiga country at any meeting competes not recogmsed by the governing body of su<:h country; accepts directly or indirectly any money or other consideration for. expenses or loss of earnings, other than what IS permitted as follows:(a) the travelling and accommodation expenses of athletes competing in competitions Amateur Athletic under International

(viii)

(ix)

37

36 Federation rules are limited to the actual outlay for travelling, meals and lodging.

In cases where an athlete is permitted to participate in competitions held in a country other than his own, such expenses must not in any circum.stances whatever be paid direct to the athlete himself, nor to any person on his 'behalf, but must be paid through the national governing bodies of the countries concerned. National governig bodiesffiust strictly control all financial transactions and in so far as any advance payment is necessary to enable an athlete to obtain refreshment en route, or expend money on travelling or accommodation which cannot be provided by supplying tickets or vouchers; this must be advanced to the athlete by his own governing body who will obtain reimbursement from the governing body where the competition takes place.

The athlete's own national governing body may, however, in exceptional circumstances authorise the national governing body under whose jurisdiction he is for the time being competing, to refund to the athlete actual essential expenses for travelling, meals and lodging, and at the conclusion of the competition such national body shall forward to the I.A.A.F. and to the athlete's national body a detailed statement of all such payments. (b) The ,period of time in anyone calendar year for which an athlete shall receive expense money is limited to 28 days exclusive of the time taken in travelling.

Accumulation of these days in two consecutive years is not allowed.

An

.extension may be given by the national association to which the athlete belongs, to cover competition in Olympic Games, Continental or when representing a country in genuine matches against other countries. The Council of the International Amateur Athletic Federa.tion only is empowered to grant extensions in ether cases.

NOTE.-A genuine match is one where with the autlwrity of the governing bodies concerned the competition is announced as between teams representing two or more countrie$. Each team should be selected by the governing body concerned.

A " touring" team consisting of a small number of athletes. is not recognised as an international team for the purposes of this definition.

4.-Any person who is, and for so long as he remains, ineligible to compete in competitions under the jurisdiction of his national governing body, is ineligible to compete under the rules of the International Amateur Athletic Federation.

5.-In any competition under International Amateur Athletic Federation rules the eligibility of any athlete competing shall be guaranteed by the governing body of the country to which the athlete belongs. If any objection is taken to the status of any athlete, such objection shall be referred to the jury or if no jury has been appointed to the referee. If the matter cannot be settled satisfactorily prior to the meeting the athlete shall be allowed to compete " under protest" and the matter be referred to the Council of the International Amateur Athletic Federation.

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ATHLETIC

Four (or more) Judges for Track Events Four (or more) Judges for Field Events Four (or more) Judges for Walking Events Four (or more) Umpires for Track.

Events Three (Of more) Timekeepers One (or more) Starters One (or more) Clerks of the Course (Starter's Assistants) One (or more) Lap Scorers One Recorder One Marshal

RULES

for

MEN'S

AND

VVOMEN'S

INTERNATIONAL

All international competitions shall be held under the rules of the International Amateur Athletic Federation and this shall be stated in all announcements, advertisements, programmes and printed matter.

The rules' as laid down shall be applicable to men's and women's competitions.

NOTE-It is recommended that National Associations should adopt the rules of the lA.A.F. for the conduct of their own athletic meetings.

ADDITIONAL OFFICIALS

SECTION I. Officials of {he Meeting.

RULE 1.

The list laid down in this rule comprises those officials considered to be necessary for principal international meetings. The organisers are at liberty to vary this where local circumstances require.

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MANAGEMENT OFFICIALS

One Manager One Secretary One Technical Manager

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JURY OF ApPEAL COMPETITION OFFICIALS

One Referee for Track Events One (or more) Referees for Field Events One Referee for Walking Events

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One (or more) Announcers One Official Surveyor One (or more) Doctors Stewards for Competitors, Officials and Press Where women's events are held there shall be appointed as many women officials as may be appropriate, including a woman doctor when possible.

If deemed necessary, assistants may be appointed, but car,e should be taken to keep the arena as free from officials as possible.

For the duties of officials see following rules. >

RULE 2.

The Manager.

The Manager shall have charge of the Meeting and be responsible for the proper carrying out of the programme.

He shall see that all officials have reported for duty and when necessary shall appoint substitutes, and in cooperation with the appointed Marshal arrange that only authorised persons are allowed in the centre of the arena.

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41 3.-Referees shall allocate Judges to particular events if this has not been previously arranged, speeifying the duty each should carry out (e.g. circle, take-off board, etc.); announce to the Judges and ensure that the competitors are informed of the number of trials to be allowed under the rules even if this has been printed in the programme; supervise the measurements of performances; check the final re9ults and deal with any disputed points. (Also see rule 7 para. 1 page 41.)

4.-The appropriate Referee shall have the power to exclude any competitor for improper conduct and he shall decide on the ground, any protest or objection as to the conduct of a competitor. (Also see rule 8 page 42; rule 12 page 45 and rule 23 page 54.)

5.-1f in the opinion of the Referee circumstances arise at any Meeting so that justice demands that any event should be contested again, he shall have power to declare the event void and such event shall be held again, either on the same day or on some future occasion, as he shall in his absolute discretion decide. (Also see rule 18 para. 5 page 48.)

6.-The Referee shall have power to change the place of the oompetition in any field event, if in his opinion the conditions justify a change. Such a change shall be made only after a round is completed.

7.-Upon completion of each event the result card shall be immediately filled in, signed by the Referee and handed to the Recorder. (Also see rule 13 page 45.)

NOTE.-Reference should be made when necessary to the special rules for the Olympic Games and European Championships, see pages 91 and 98 respectively.

RULE 5.

Jury of Appeal.

A Jury, of Appeal shall be CiJppointed, to whom all protests under rule 23 (page 54) shall be referred. Their decision shall be final."

RULE 6.

Referees.

I.-Separate Referees may be appointed as required, t01 track, field and walking events.

2.-It shall be the responsibility of a Referee to see that the rules are observed (also see rule 4) and decide any technical points which arise during the Meeting, and for which provision has not been made in these rules. The Referee shall have jurisdiction to decide any placings in a race, only when the Judges of the disputed place or places are unable to arrive at a unanimous Of majority decision.

(Also see rule 7 para. 3 page 42, and rule 22, para 1 page 52.)

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RULE 3.

The Secretary.

The Secretary shall be responsible for the calling of the meetings of the executive and other committees, and shall prepare all Minutes relating thereto. He should be in charge of all administrative arrangements, and would receive and conduct all principal correipondence relating to the Meeting.

RULE 4.

The Technical Manager.

The Technical Manager shall act directly under the Manager of the Meeting and be responsible for seeing that the track, runway, circles, arcs, sectors and pits for field events are properly laid out, also that all equipment is according to specification and readily available for approval by the appointed Referee, and that scoring, results and time recording cards are (Also see rule 6 para 2 below and rule 16 page 46.)

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RULE 7.

Judges.

Genera/.

I.-Subject to the rules laid down by the National Association and except in the case of the Olympic Games and European Chamoionships. the organisers of the meet-

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ing shall appoint the Judges for the various events. The Referee shall allocate the duties among the Judges. (Alio see rule 6 para. 3 page 41.)

Racing Events.

2.-The Judges, who must all operate from the same side of the track and preferably from the inside, shall finish, and a?y decide the order in which the case where they cannot arrive at an unanimous or maJonty decision shall ref'er the matter to the Referee, who shall. decide. ,(Also see rule 6 para. 2 page 40.)

NOTE.-It is recommended that wherever practicable one Judge selects the first man to finish. one the first aild second. one the second and third. and so Oil. The Judges should be placed at least five metres (or 16ft.

6in.) from and in line with the and in order that an elevated they may have a good view of the finish stand should be provided. A photo-fimsh apparatus possible as an aid should be available for use to the Referee 'and Judges.

Field Events.

3.-The Judges shall judge, measure and record each valid trial of the competitors in all events in which result is determined by height or distance. In the hIgh jump and pole vault, precise measurements should be when the bar is raised, particularly if records are belllg attempted. At least two Judges should keep a record of all trials, checking their recordings at the end of each round.

Walking Events.

4.-The Judges at the finish shall be responsible only for decidin a the order in which the competitors finish. Other Judaes :0 must be appointed to determine the fairness of walking in accordance with the rules for Walking, and the conduct of any competitor during the competition. (Also s¡ee rule 45, page 77.)

RULE 8.

Ump:res (Track Events).

I.-Umpires are assistants to the Referee, without power to give any decisions.

2.-It shall be the duty ot an Umpire to stand at such point as the Ref.eree may determine to watch the competition closely, and in case,of a foul or violation at the rules by a competitor or other person, to make an immediate report of the incident to the Referee.

3.-Umpires should also be appointed to undertake the' duties of supervision in relay races at the tak¡e-over poinr3.

RULE 9.

Timekeepers.

I.-There should be three official Timekeepers (one 01 whom should be the Chief Timekeeper) and one or two alternate Timekeepers who should time every event. The times recorded by the alternate Timekeepers' watches shall not be considered unless one or more of the official Timekeepers' watches fails properly to record the time, in which case, the alternate Timekeepers shall be called upon, in such order as has been previously decided, so that in all races, three watches should have recorded the official time.

In the event of two of the three official watches agreeing and the third disagreeing, the time shewn by the two shall be the official time. If all three watches disagree, the time shewn by the watch recording the middle time, shall be the official time. (Also see rule 46 page 79 for Pentathlon and Decathlon events.)

2.-If for any reason only two watches record the time of an event, and they fail to agree, the longer time of the two shall be accepted as the official time.

3.-The time shall be taken from the flash of the pistol.

4.-For races up to and induding 1,000 metres timing to one-tenth second shall be accepted. For longer races the timing shall be to one-fifth second, but shall be recorded by conversion into tenths of a second (e.g., two-tenths, four tenths; six tenths, eight tenths).

5.-An electrical time keeping device approved by the National Association of the country where the competition is held, may be used.

44 6.-Upon completion of each event the time recording card shall be immediately filled in, signed by the Chief Timekeeper and handed to the Recorder. (Also see rule 13 page 45.)

NOTE.-For World Records refer to Rule 24 55.

RULE 10.

The Starter.

I.-All questions concerning the start shall be decided by the Starter.

2.-The Starter shall have entire control of the comJ?etitors on their marks, and shall be the sole judge of any fact connected with the start of the race.

3.-ln races where the competitors are not placed behind the same starting line (e.g., 200-400 metres or 220-440 yards races on circular tracks), the Starter should use a microphone connected with amplifiers opposite the starting line in each lane. Where such a device is not used the Starter so place himself that the distance between him and each of the competitors is approximately the same. Where, however, the Starter cannot place himself in such a position, the pistol should be placed there and discharged by electric contact. (Also see Rule 27 for regulations relating to the page 60.)

RULE 11.

Clerks of the Course. (Starter's AssIstants.)

I.-The Clerks of the Course shall check that the competitors are competing in the correct heat or race and that their numbers are worn properly, one on the breast and one on the back. They shall assist the Starter in any dra VJ for stations (also see rule 19 para. 5 page 50).

2.-They must place each competitor in his correct lane or assembling the competitor on the starting line or in races up to and including 1500 metres (or 1 mile) on an assembly line 3 metres (or 10 feet) behind the starting line (in the case of races started in echelon, similarly behind each starting line) and when so placed they shall

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45 signal to the Starter that all is ready. When a fresh start is ordered the Clerks of the Course shall assemble the competitors again.

3.-When the Starter has ordered the competitors to their marks, the Clerks of the Course must see that no competitor places either fingers, hands or feet on the starting line or in front of it. If any difficulty arises they must signal immediately to the Starter. (Also see rule 27 page 60.)

RULE 12.

Lap Scorer's.

I.-A Lap Scorer under the direction of the Referee shall keep a record of the laps covered by each competitor in races exceeding 1500 metres. For races of three miles and upwards a number of Lap Scorers shall be appointed and be provided with lap scoring boards on which they shall record the completed laps and times of each competitor.

NOTE.-In races exceeding three miles, each Lap Scorer should be appointed to record for four competitors.

2.-It shall be announced by a bell or otherwise when a competitor is entering his last lap. A Lap Scorer should be appointed for this duty.

RULE 13.

The Recorder.

The Recorder shall collect the result of each event, together with the times or heights or distances, which shall be furnished to hi!TI by the Referee and Chief He shall as soon as possible communicate the information to the Announcer, and after recording the placings, times, heights or distances, he shall hand the official result together with all cards to the Manager of the meeting.

(Also see rute 6 para. 7 page 41; rule 9 para. 6 page 44 and rute 15 page 46.)

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RULE 14.

The Marshal.

The Marshal shall have full charge of the enclosure and shall not allow any persons other than the officials, and competitors assembled to compete, to enter and remain therein. He shall control his assistants and assign to them ti1eir duties. He shall arrange for an enclosure to be provided for officials when not on duty.

RULE 15.

The Announcer.

The Announcer shall give out to the public, the names and numbers of the competitors taking part in each event and all relevant information such as the composition of the heats, lanes or stations drawn, and intermediate times.

The result (placings, times, heights and distances) of each event should be announced at the earliest possible moment after receipt of the information from the Recorder. (Also see rule 13 page 45.)

RULE 16.

The Official Surveyor.

The Official Surveyor shall immediately prior to the Meeting, survey the track and runways, and measure all the distances which are to be contested, also the circles,. arcs, sectors and other measurements relating to the field events.

He shall furnish to the Technical Manager and the Referee, before the Meeting, certificates as to correctness.

(Also see rule 21 para. 4 page 52.)

SECTION ll.

RULES FOR COMPETITION

RULE 17.

Entries. l.-Competitions under I.A.A.F. rules are restricted to amateurs in accordance with the I.A.A.F. rules relating to the eligibility of athletes to compete. (Refer to page 34.)

2.-No competitor shall be allowed to compete outside his own country unless his amateur status is guaranteed in writing by the recognised governing Athletic Association of his country, and he :has permission from such body to compete. In all international competitions such guarantee of the amateur status of an athlete shall be accepted as conclusive for the time being, of the athlete's eligibility to compete; any objection as to his status shall be referred to the I.A.A.F. (Refer to Constitutional Rule 9 page 31.)

3.-All women's entries must be accompanied by a certificate as to sex, issued by a qualified medical doctor recognised by the National Association.

Medical Certificate for Female Partic:pants in Athletics.

(Rule 17 of the Regulations of the International Amateur Athletic Federation) " All women's entries must be accompanied by a certificate as to sex, issued by a qualified medical doctor, recognised by the National Association ". .

I HEREBY CERTIFY that. of . is qualified in accordance with the above-mentioned rule of the I.A.A.F. to compete in women's events.

Signature of Medical Practitioner .

Address .

Date . .

Signature of National Governing Body Address , " .. " .. " .

Date .

RULE 18.

The Competition.

I.-In matches arranged between members of the I.A.A.F., the number of trials in the jumping and throwing events may be reduced as desired; any such arrangement should be made previous to the meeting. (Also see rules 34 para. 13 page 69 and rule 40 para. 2 page 73.)

48 2.-ln all events, competitors must wear clothing which is clean and so designed and worn as not to be objectionable. In steeplechase events non-transparent shorts should be worn.

3.-The organisers must provide two numbers for each competitor (to be worn on the breast and back) corresponding with the number in the programme.

4.-ln races run in lanes, each competitor shall keep to his own lane throughout the race. This shall apply also to relay races as regards the first lap only or to any portion of any race run in lanes. (Also see rule 31 page 65.)

5.-No competitor shall cross in front of another in any case, until and unless he is two metres (6ft. 6in.) ahead of that competitor. Any competitor wilfully jostling, running across or obstructing another competitor so as to impede his .progress, shall be disqualified. If in any race a competitor is disqualified for any of these reasons, the Referee shall have power to order the race to be re-run or, in the case of a heat to permit any competitors affected by the act resulting in disqualification, to compete in a subsequent round of the race. If for any reason a competitor is hampered ip. a trial in a field event, the Referee shall have power to award him a substitute trial. (Also see rule 6 para. 5 page 41.)

6.-If during the progress of a race run in lanes, a competitor runs on or inside the inner border of his lane, he shall be liable to disqualification. It shall be for the Referee to decide when any report is made, whether the competitor received any material advantage and if so, the competitor should be disqualified.

7.-A competitor after voluntarily leaving the track or course shall not be allowed to continue in the race.

8.-No official or other person within the arena except the Announcer, shall call out any intermediate time" to competitors.

9.-Exoopt as provided in rules 30 and 45 (pages 64 and 77) during the progress of an event, no competitor shall receive any assistance whatsoever from any person.

49' lO.-Subject to the proVlslOns of paragraph 11, if a competitor misses,lhis turn in a field event, he shall not be permitted to take the trial so missed.

It-If a competitor is entered in both a track event and field event, or in more than one field event taking fllace simultaneously, the judges may allow the competitor to his trials in an order different from that decided upon pnor to the start of the competition, but the competitor cannot demand to take all his trials in succession or totake any trials of the rounds in which he has failed to appear.

I2.-The Referee shall have the powe:!" to change the place of the competition in any field event, if in opinion the conditions justfy it. Such a change shall be made only after a round has been completed.

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RULE 19.

Heats and QualifYing Trials.

Track Events.

I.-Preliminary rounds (heats) shall be held in track events in which the number of competitors is too large to allow the competition to be conducted satisfactorily in a single round (heat).

2.-The heats and qualifying conditions shall be by t?e Committee conducting the meeting except III the OlympIC Games when the Council of the LA.A.F. will act, and in the European Championships when the European Commission will act. The representatives of each nation shall be placed as far as possible in different heats, which shall be so arranged that not less than six shall qualify for the final.

NOTE.-It is recommended when heats are being arranged, that the latest standard performances by the competitors be taken into consideration and the heats so arranged that normally the best performers should reach, the final.

3.-1n any track competition where there are more

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c-ompetitors than can be placed in the first row, the draw for stations shall be by nations, when one competitor from each nation shall be placed in the order of the d raw.

Additional starters from any nation shall then be placed behind, in the same -order.

4.-A competitor shall not be allowed to compete in a heat other than the one in which his name appears, except in circumstances which in the opinion of the Referee justify an alteration.

5.-At Olympic Games, European Championships and similar meetings the authorities conducting the meeting may arrange for the drawing of stations on the day immediately preceding the race. The competitors shall be notified as to the time and place for the drawing and they shall have the right to be present in person or to send a representative. When such a draw has not taken place the competiturs shall draw for their respective stations immediately before the start. (Also see rule 11 para. J page 44.)

6.-In all preliminary rounds, at least the first and second in each heat shall qualify for the next round.

7.-The following minimum times must be allowed when practicable, between the last heat of any round and the first heat of a subsequent round -or final:Up to and including 220 yards. .

45 minutes Over 220 yards and up to and 90 minutes including 1000 metres 3 hours Over 1000 metres ..

Field Events.

8.-In any field event, a qualifying trial may be held if necessarv to decide who shall compete in the competition proper.. 'The qualifying conditions shall be arranged by the Committee conducting the meeting except in the Olympic Games when the Council of the I.A.A.F. will act, and in the European Championships when the European Committee will act.

The competitors shall compete in the order drawn by

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lot and where possible their names shall be placed in the programme in the order drawn. (Also see rules 34 para. 1 page 68 and 40 para. 1 page 73.)

Combined Events-Pentathlon and Decathlon.

9.-The order of competing shall be drawn before each separate event.

10.-Three trials only are allowed in the throwing, putting and jumping events.

11.-In 100 metres, 200 metres, 400 metres and 110 metres hurdles events the competitors shall be drawn by lot in groups by the-Referee, so that where possible three or four competitors start in each group, and in 1500 metres, five or six competitors. The Referee should so arrange the groups that never less than two competitors start in anyone test. He shall have the power to re-arrange the groups if in his opinion it is desirable. (Also see rule 46 page 79.)

RULE 20.

Doping.

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I.-Doping is the employment of drugs with the intention of increasing athletic efficiency by their stimulating action upon muscles or nerves, or by paralysing the sense of fatigue. Their use is strongly deprecated not only on moral grounds but because of their danger to health.

2.-Any competitor who uses drugs as defined above shall be suspended from active participation in amateur athletics for such period as the Council of the LA.A.F. shall prescribe, and any person aiding or abetting in the use of drugs, shall be .permanently excluded from any ground where the rules of the I.A.A.F. are in force.

RULE 21.

Measurements and Weights.

J.-All measurements must be made with a steel tape or bar graduated in centimetres and / or quarter-inches, and all implements must be weighed on a governmentalJy approved balance.

52 2.-In measuring the distances of throwing; putting and jumping events, that part of the steel tape recording the distance achieved must be held by an official at the take-off point, the circle or scratch line. Distances if measured in metres, shall always be recorded to the nearest centimetre below the distance covered, i.e., fractions less than one centimetre must be ignored. Distances if measured in feet, under 100 feet shall be recorded to the nearest quarter-inch and if over 100 feet shall be recorded to the nearest half-inch below the distance covered, i.e., fractions less than quarter-inch or half-inch respectively, must be ignored.

In jumping fOf height, all measurements shall be made perpendicularly from the ground with a certified steel tape or bar to the lowest part of the upper side of the bar.

3.-A scientific measuring apparatus, such as a datum line measurer, the accuracy of which is approved by the Governmental Weights and Measures de.partment of the member where the events are held, may be used when approved by the LA.A.F. 4.-Measurements for long distance events over roads must be carried out by a professional surveyor who shall furnish two certificates as to correctness: alternatively a wheel certified as to correctness may he used. (Also see rule 16 page 46.)

RULE 22.

Ties.

Ties shall be decided as follows:Track Events.

I.-In the event of a tie jn any heat which affects the qualification of competitors to compete in the next round Of final, where practicable, the tying competitors shall both qualify, failing which they shall compete again. In case of a tie for first place in any' final, the Referee is empowered to decide whether it is practicable to arrange for the competitors so tying to compete again. If he decides it is not, the result shall stand. Ties in other pladngs shall remain.

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Field Events.

2.-1n jumping or vaulting for height:(a) The competitor with the lowest number of jumps at the height at which the tie occurs shall be awarded the higher place. (b) If the tie still remains, the competitor with the lowest total of failures throughout the competition up to and inclUding the height last cleared shall be a warded the higher place. (c) If the tie still remains, the competitor with the lowest total number of jumps (whether successful or not) throughout the competition up to and including the height last cleared shall be awarded the higher place.

ExampleHigh Jump.

Metres 1.78 1.82 1.85 1.88 1.90 1.92 1.94 Total Total . --S'i(V¡-6'O" 6'1" -6'2"-6'31"--6'4"-6'5" fadures ]unlps Pos. A - .----x\l--y xy xx\7-x.',.', 4 8 2 n y y y x xy xxv xxx 4 9 3 \,1 Y X V xxv XXy' :xxx 5 4 C \,l xxv XX\/ xy x.xx 1 D - = No Jump.

V = Cleared. x = Failed.

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A, B. C and D all cleared 1.92 metres (6ft. 4in.) and failed at 1.94 metres (6ft. Sin.). regarding ties comes into ope:ation, and as D cleared 1.92 metres (6ft. 4In.) at his attempt, the others taking three, he is declared the winner.

The other three will tie and the Judges add up the total number of failures, up to and including the height last cleared, i.e:, 1.92 metres (6ft. 4in.) .. C" has more failures than" A" or "B". and is therefore awarded fourth place. " A"¡ and " B" still tie and the Judges add up the total number of jumps up to and including the height last cleared, i.e., 1.92 metres (6ft. 4in.), "A" being Cl. warded second place.

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55 (d) If the tie still remains:(i) If it concerns the first place, the competitors tying shall have one more jump at the height at which they failed, and if no decision is reached, the bar shall be lowered or raised to the heights, which shall be announced before the commencement of the competition.

(Also see rule 34 para. 9 page 69.) (ii)If it concerns any other place, the competitors shall be awarded the same place in the competition.

3.-1n those field events where the result is determined by distance, the second best performance of the comoetitors tying shall decide the tie. If the tie still remains the third best and so on. (Also see rule 24 para. 5 page 57.)

-4.-1n the case of a tie the subsequent performances decide only the positions relating to those competing to decide the tie.

RULE 23.

Prgtests.

I.-Protests concerning the status of an athlete to participate in a meeting must be made prior to the mencement of such meeting, to the J UI:Y of Appeal, who It unable to give a decision shall refer the protest to the I.A.A.F. 2.-Protests relating to matters which develop durit;lg the carrying through of the programme should be made at OHce and not later than within two hours after the meeting terminated, or within fifteen minutes of the occurrence . in a preliminary round.

3.-Any such protests must be made in writing by a responsible official to the Referee (who in case of necessity shall refer to the Jury of Appeal) accompanied by the deposit of one pound sterling or its equivalent before action is taken. The deposit will be forfeited if the protest is considered to be frivolous. (Also see rule 5 page 40.)

(Reference should be made when necessary to the for Olympic Games and European Championships, set."

91 and 98 respectively.)

RULE 24.

World Records.

I.-When a World Record is to be claimea, the I.A.AF. member in the country wh,ere the record performance was made shall proceed to establish the Record without delay.

2.-The official application form of the I.AAF. shall be filled in and forwarded to the I.AAF. office within six months. If the application concerns a foreign athlete a duplicate of the form shall be sent tt. the National Association of the athlete in question.

3.-A World Record shall be accepted if the aJ-lplication form is submitted by the member where the Record was made and is certified by the Referee, Judges and Recorder of the Meeting as to:place time of day state of weather condition 01' track or field force and direction of wind level or gradient of ground correctness as to the distance covered by the competitor in a race correctness of announced time, distance or height weight, measurement and material of implement and that the athletic rules of the I.A.A.F. have been strictly followed.

4.-The following conditions shall apply to all World Records:-(a) the Record has been approved by the National Association of the country where the Record was made. (b) the Record must be made out of doors.

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56 . (c) running and walking Records may be made only on a track which is not banked, and timed by official Timekee,pers, as provided in Rule 9 (page 43), (accepted by the National Association as such), whose watches must have been exhibited to the Referee for confirmation of the time recorded. (d) records in field events must be measured by three Field Judges with a certified steel tape, graduated in centimetres or quarter-inches, or by a scientific apparatus approved by the Governmental Weights and Measures department of the member where the games are held, and approved by the LA.A.F. (e) A race must be stated over one distance only.

It is, therefore, not considered a bona-fide scratch competition if any of the runners compete at a shorter distance than others in the same race.

It is, however, considered as one race when all the competitors in the same race compete over the nearest equivalent distances for which world records are recognised in metres and yards, i.e., 200 metres and 220 yards, 400 metres and 440 yards, 800 metres and 880 yards, 1500 metres and 1 mile, 3000 metres and 2 miles, 5000 metres and 3 miles.

In field events a handicap may be combined with the scratch competition. (f) if the Record is for a race on a straight course, or . for the long jump, or the hop step and jump, or the javelin throw, the athlete must not have obtained assistance from a wind blowing at his back, either directly or in a slanting direction (a followipg wind exceeding an average of two metres (6ft. 6in.) per second is considered to be of assistance to the competitor). (g) the Record must be better than or equal the result in the latest World Record list, in the event in question. If a Record at a longer distance is

better than the eXlstmg Record for a shorter distance, a claim may be submitted for Records at both distances. (h) i.n the case of women's Records all applications must be accompanied by a medical certificate as to sex, drawn up by a qualified medical doctor recognised by the National Association of the athlete claiming the Record.

5.-Records made in heats or qualifying trials: in deciding ties, and Pentathlon and Decathlon events will be accepted.

6.-The President and Honorary Secretary of the LA.A.F. together are authorised to recognise World If in their opinion there is any doubt as to the information concerning any record, the application shall be referred to the I.A.A.F. Rules and Records Committee for decision.

7.-The I. A. A. F. office shall keep lists of the World, Olympic and European Records. These lists shall be revised once a year and a copy forwarded to each member of the LA.A.F. 8.-Members of the I.A.A.F. shall keep a list of the National Records in their own countries. Copies of these lists shall be forwarded to the LA.A.F. office in January each year.

NOTE.-The official World Record plaques as desiged by the I.A.A.F. for presentation to World Record holders, will be supplied by the I.A.A.F. provvided National Associations remit the cost.

Refer to appendix as to the events for which World RecoI:ds are approved (pages 91 and 107).

RULE 25.

Official Athletic Implements.

I.-In all international competitions, the implem.,ents used, must¡ comply with the specifications for official implements adopted by the I.A.A.F. set out in Rules 47 to 62 (pages 80-90).

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:::.-All implements shall be provided by the No competitor is allowed tu organisers of the meeting. use any other implements, with the exception of vaulting poles and starting blocks, in which case they may use their own, provided these comply with the conditions laid down in the rules. (Also see Rules 36 and 61, pages 70 and 90,) SECTION Ill. RUNNING EVENTS.

RULE 26.

Track and Lanes.

(Sce diagram below.)

RREA

INSIDE TRACK.

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metres (24 feet) in width and be bordered on the inside with cement, w00d or other suitable material, 5 centimetres (2 inches) in height, and not more than 5 centimetres (2 inches) in width.

2.-The measurement shall be taken 30 centimetres (I foot) outward from the inner border of the track.

3.-ln all races up to and including 440 yards, each eompetitor shall have a separate lane of at least 1.22 metres (four feet) in width, to be marked by lines of chalk or similar substance, 5 centimetres (two inche5i) in width.

The inner lane shall be measured as stated in paragraph two above, but the remaining lanes shall be measured 2t"l .::entimetres (8 inches) from the outer edges of the chalk lines.

NOTE.-The chalk line on the right hand only of ea<:h lane, shall be included in the measurement of the width . of each lane: (see diagram on page 58).

4.-The direction of running shall be left hand inside. international meetings the track should allow for at least six lanes.

6.-The maximum allowance for lateral inclination of tracks shall not exceed 1: 100 and in the running direction I: 1000.

NOTE.-(a) It is recommended that where possible the length of the track should not be less than 400 metres or 440 yards and the width should allow for seven lanes, particularly in major events, such as' the Olympic Games and Continental Championships. (b) Where it is flot possible for the inner edge of the running track to have a raised border, the inner edge shall be marked with lines of chalk 5 centimetres (2 inches) ill width; it shall also be flagged at intervals of 5 metres (or 5 yards). Flags must be so placed on the chalk line as to prevent anv competitor running on the chalk line. Th: angle of the flags should be 60 degrees.

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61 World Records will be accepted under these conditions, subject to the further requirements contained in Rule 24 page 55.)

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RULE 27. and Finish.

1.-The start of a race shall be denoted by a line marked in chalk 5 centimetres (2 inches) in width at right angles 10 the inner edge of the track. The distance of the race shall be measured from the edge of the starting line further from the finish, to the edge of the finish line nearer to the start. Two white posts shall denote the extremities of the finish line, and shall be placed at least 30 centimetres (l . foot) from the edge of the track. (For apparatus see rule 62 page 90.) When the starting line is on a curve, it shall be so laid out that all competitors shall cover approximately the same distance.

2.-AlI races shall be started by the actual report of a pistol or any similar apparatus fired upwards into the air, but not before all the competitors are quite still on their marks.

3.-At all international meetings the words of the Starter in his own mother tongue, shall be "On your marks ", "Set", and when all competitors are "Set", the pistol shall be fired.

4.-If for any reason the Starter has to speak to any competitor either before or after the word" Set ", he shall order all competitors to stand up and the Clerks of the Course shall place them on the assembly line again.

5.-If a competitor leaves his mark with hand or foot after the word" Set" but before the shot. is fired, it shall be considered a false start.

6.-Any competitor making a false start must be warned. If a competitor is responsible for two false starts he shall be disqualified. (Also see rule 46 para. 4(c) page 79 for Pentathlon and Decathlon.)

7.-If in the opinion of the Starter, the start was not fair, he must recall the competitors with a second shot.

If the unfair start was due to one or more competitors "beating the pistol", it shall be considered a false start and the Starter must warn the offender or offenders, who shall be disqualified if they continue to offend after one such warning.

NOTE.-In practice when one or more competitors "beat the pistol" others are inclined to follow and slrictly speaking, any competitor who does so follow, has beaten the pistol. The Starter should warn only such competitor or competitors who in his opinion were responsible for beating the pistol. This may result in more than 'one competitor being warned. If the false be start is not due to any competitor no warning given.

9.-Starting blocks or foot supports may be used. If starting blocks are used, both feet must be in contact with the track while starting. Competitors may use their own starting blocks. . . 10.-Worsted shall be stretched across the track between the finish posts 1.22 metres (4 feet) above the ground and fastened to the posts, for the purpose only of assisting the Referee and Judges in placing the competitors. It shall be immediately above the nearer edge of the finish line.

11.-The competitors shall be placed in the order in which any part of their bodies (i.e. "torso ", as distinguished from the head, arms, legs, hands or feet) reach the nearer edge of the finish line as defined above.

NOTE.-A "PHOTO-FINISH" camera should be used whenever possible to assist the Referee and the Judges.

(Also refer to rules 10, 11 and 61, pages 44, 45 and 90.)

RULE 28.

Hurdle Races.

1.-The following are the standard distances: MEN

In yards In metres

120, 220, 440 110, 200, 400

WOMEN

In yards 87-!In metres 80

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2.-MEN.-There shall be ten flights of hurdles in each lane, set out in accordance with the table below:Distance of race

"Height of Hurdle

Distal'lce from Distance Di,tance scratch line between from !a-s t hurde to to first hurdles line hurdle

M;1ximum Mi.nimum Metres Centimetres Centimetres Metres Metres Metres 110 105.7 106.3 14.02 13.72 9.14 75.9 76.5 17.10 18.29 18.29 200 400 91.1 91.7 40 45 35 Yards Ft. In. Ft. In. Yards Yards Yards 120 15 3 5i 3 6t 10 15 220 2 5i 2 6t 20 20 20 440 2 11i 3 Ot 46+ 49t 38-!WOMEN.-There shall be eight flights of hurdles in each lane, set out as follows:Distance of race

.. Height of Hurdle

Distance Distance Distance fn>m scratch line between froill l'lst hurdles _ hurtle tâ&#x20AC;˘.> to first fini,'" line hurdle

Minimum Maximum Metres Centimetres Centimetres Metres Metres Metres 80 75.9 76.5 12 8 12 Yards Ft. In. Ft. In. Yards Yards Yards 87t 2 5i 2 6t 13t 8f 13t *Refer to Rule 59 (page 89) for construction and standard heights of hurdles.

NOTE.-The tolerance allowances of 3 millimetres (t-inch) above and below the standard heights is to allow for variation in the manufacture of the hurdles.

3.-All races shall be run in lanes and each competitor shall keep to his own lane throughout.

4.-A competitor who trails his foot or leg alongside_ any hurdle or jumps any hurdle not in his own lane shall be disqualified.

5.-The knocking down of hurdles shall not disqualify nor prevent a record being made.

6.-1n establishing a World Record a complete set of hurdles of the international type" must be used.

RULE 29 Steeplechase.

I.-The standard distances shall be:In metres-3000 Cl mile 1520 'yards 2 ft. 8 in.)

In miles-2 miles (3218.65 metres) 2.-There shall be 28 hurdle jumps and 7 water jumps included in the 3000 metres event, and 32 hurdle jumps and 8 water jumps in the 2 miles event.

NOTE.-Owing to the water jump having to he constructed on the arena inside or outside the track, thereby lessening or lengthening the normal distance of the laps, it is not possible to lay down any rule specifying ..he exact length of the laps or to state precisely the position of the water jump. It should be borne in mind that there must be enough distance from the starting line to the first hurdle to prevent the competitors from overcrowding, and there should be approximately 68 metres or 76 yards from the last hurdle to the finish line. The water jump, where possible, should be the fourth jump, il1 each lap.

If necessary, the finish line should be moved to another part of the track. The distance from the starting point to the commencement of the first lap must not include any jumps, the hurdles being removed lmtif the competitors have entered the first lap.

EXAMPLE: The following measurements are given as a guide and any adjustments necessary should be made hy lengthening or shortening the distance at the starting point of the race. It is assumed that a lap of 400 metres or 440 yards has been shortened by 10 metres Or ]0 yard.\' by constructing the water jump inside the track.

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Lap of 390 metres

Distance from starting point to co.mmencement of 1st rap, to be run without jumps ...

Distance from commencement of 1st lap to 1st hurdle ...

From 1st to 2nd hurdle .â&#x20AC;˘â&#x20AC;˘ From 2nd to 3rd hurdle From 3rd hurdle to water jump ... ...

From water jump to 4th hurdle ... ."

From 4th hurdle to finishing line

Lap of 430 yards 80 yds.

270 metres 78 m.

78 m.

10 m.

10 yds.

86 yd?

86 yds.

78 m.

86 yds.

78 m.

86 yds.

76 yds.

68 111.

8 laps7 laps of 390 m. = 2730 m. of 430 yds. = 3440 yds.

3000 m.

3520 yds.

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3.-The hurdles shall be not less than 91.1 centimetres (2ft. 1Hin.) nor more than 91.7 centimetres (3ft. tin.) high and shall be at least 3.66 metres (12 feet) in width. The section of tne top bar of the hurdles and the hurdle at the water jump, shall be 127 millimetres (5 inches) square.

They should be made of heavy timber so that they may not be ,overturned easily.

5.-Each competitor must go over or through the watel, and anyone who steps to the one side or the other of the jump or trails his foot or leg alongside any hurdle shall .be disqualified. He may jump or vault over each hurdle, or place a foot on each hurdle and on the hurdle at the water jump.

RULE 30.

Marathon Race.

(42,195 metres-26 miles 385 yards).

I.-The Marathon race shall be run on main roads; when traffic or similar circumstances make it unsuitable, the course, duly marked, may be on a bicycle path 01 footpath alongside the road, but not on soft ground such be as grass verges or the like. The start and finish within an athletic arena. The course should be so deSIgned that as little as possible is traversed in more than one direction.

NOTE.-lt is recommended in measuring the course that it should be measured one metre from the verge of the road and in the running direction.

2.-Each competitor must send with his entry a medical certificate from a qualified doctor certifying his fitness to take part in a race of this kind, and shall be required to take a physical examination before the race by a qualified doctor who shall be by the organisers.. If the doctor considers it dangerous or inadvisable, the competitor shall not be allowed to start.

3.-A competitor must retire at once from the race if ordered to do so by a member of the medical staff, officially appointed.

4.-The distance in kilometres and miles on the route shall be displayed to all competitors.

5.-Refreshments shall be provided by the organisers of the race at 15 kilometres or 10 miles, and thereafter at every 5 kilometres or 3 miles. No refreshment may be carried or taken by a competitor other than that provided by the organisers, but the athlete may specify the type of refreshment desired. (Also see rule 18 para. 9 page 48.)

RULE 31.

Relay Race.

I.-Chalk lines shall be drawn across the track to mark the distances of the stages and to denote the scratch line.

2.-ehalk lines also shall be drawn 10 metres (11 yards) before and after the scratch line to denote the take-over zone and no member of a team shall take up a position or move outside this zone prior to taking over the baton.

These lines are to be included in the zonal measurements.

3.-The position of the teams at the start of the race shall be drawn, and shall be retained at each take-over zone, except that waiting runners can move to the inside position on the track as incoming team-mates arrive, provided this can be done without fouling.

4.-ln events where the first lap only is run in lanes,

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67 competitors on leaving the take-over zone are free to take up any position on the track.

5.-The baton must be carried in the hand throughout the race provided that if dropped, it must be recovered by the athlete who dropped it. The baton must be passed only within the take-over zone.

6.-Competitors after :handing over the baton should rem:lin in their lanes or zones until the course is clear, to avoid obstruction to other competitors. Should any competitor wilfully impede a member of another team by running out of position or lane at the finish of the stage he is liable to cause the dis:J.ualification of his own team.

7.-Assistance by pushing-off or by any other method will cause disqualilication.

8.-o.nce a team has competed in the pr,eliminary rounds of an event, the composition of the team must not be altered, for any subsequent round or final, but it is permissible for the order of running to be changed as between heats ap.d succeeding rounds or final. No competitor may run two sections for a team.

(Also see rule 18 pages 47 and 48.)

RULE 32.

Team Races.

I.-In team races the maximum number of starters comprising a team and the number of competitors whose positions are to count shall be stated in the programrr:e.

2.-If necessary, preliminary rounds may be held.

3.-Statiop.s shall be drawn and the members of each team shall be lined up behind each other at the start of the race.

4.-The composition of a team must not be changed after a heat has been run and only competitors finishing the full distance are eligible to compete in the final.

5.-The method of scoring shall be optional and may be anyone of the following:(a) By scoring the least number of points, according to the positions in which the scoring members or a team finish. The finishing positions of the non-

scoring members of a team shall be scored ill computing the scores of other teams, but when a requisite number to score, team fails to finish it shall be eliminated; or (b) By scoring the least number of points, according to the scoring positions in which the scoring members of a team finish. The positions of the non-scoring members of a team whether it finishes all its members or not shall be scored in computing the scores of other teams; or (c) By scoring the least number of points according to the positions in which the scoring members of a team finish. The finishing positions of the nonscoring members of a team and the members of a team which fails toO finish the requisite number to score, shall be eliminated; or (d) By scoring the lowest aggregate of the times recorded by the scoring members.

6.-If two or more competitors tie for any place the points for the places concerned shall be aggregated and divided equally among the competitors so tying.

7.-ln case of a tie on points, the team whose last scoring member finished nearest to first place shall be the winning team.

RULE¡ 33.

Cross-Country Races.

I.-The race shall be run on a bona fide cross-country course properly marked.

2.-The course must be marked preferably with red flags on the left and white flags on the right which must be visible from a distance of 125 metres (140 yards). In all other respects the rules governing track competitions shall prevail.

WOMEN. 3.-The distance shall be not greater than 3 kilometres (or 2 miles).

4.-When laying out the course very high obstacles

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G3 should be avoided, so should deep ditches, and dangerous ascents or descents, thick undergrowth and in general any obstacle which would constitute a difficulty beyond the aim of the competition.

SECTION IV. JUMPING EVENTS. RUNNING AND STANDING HIGH JUMPS; RUNNING

Hop,

AND STANDING LONG

STEP

AND

JUMP,.

POLE

JUMPS;

V AULT.

RULE 34.

General Rules.

General.I.-The order in which the competitors take their trials shall be drawn by lot. (Also see rule 19 para. 8 page 50.)

2.-In all jumping events the length of the runway is unlimited. The minimum length provided for the runway in each case shall be as follows:High Jump 15 metres or 50 feet ) Long Jump Hop, Step and Jump iPole Vault J 40 metres or 130 feet 3.-In all jumping events each competitor shall be credited with the best of all his jumps subject to conditions relating to ties. (Also see rule 22, page 52.)

4.-The employment of weights or grips of any kind is forbiddep..

5.-The take-off ground about the jump must be level.

6.-The maximum allowance for lateral inclination of the runways for jumping events shall not exceed 1: 100 and in the running direction 1: 1000.

7.-A competitor may place marks to assist him in his run-up and take-off and a handkerchief on the cross-bar for sighting purposes. No marks shall be placed in any jumpi.ng pit but the Organising Committee may place marks outside.

Jumping for Height.8.-The uprights or posts shall be not less than 3.66 metres (12 feet) and not more than 4 metres (13ft. 1tin.) apart.

9.-Before the commencement of competitions in jumping for height, the judges shall announce to the competitors the commencing height and the different heights to which the bar will be raised at the end of each round.

(Rule 22 para 2 sub. section dei), page 54 should also be announced as regards tie for first place.)

10.-A competitor may commence jumping at any height above the minimum height and may jump at his own discretion at any subsequent height. Three consecutive failures, regardless of the height at which any of such failures occur disqualify from further jumping.

NOTE.-The effect of this rule is that a competitor may forego his second or third jumps or vaults at a particular height (after failing /irst time) and still jump at a subsequent height. ll.-Even after all the other competitors have failed, a competitor is entitled to continue jumping until he has forfeited his right to compete further. l2.-Any measurement of a new height should be made before competitors attempt such height. In all cases of records the judges must check the measurements after the height has been cleared.

NOTE-Judges should ensure, before commencing the competition that the under-side and front of the cross-bar are distinguishable and that the bar is always replaced with the same surfaa uppermost.

19, pages 49 and 50.) .(Also see Jumping for distance. l3.-Each competitor shall be allowed three trials and the six best shall be allowed three additional trials. No competitor shall be allowed the additional trials unless one of h;s three trials was a fair jump.

(Also refer to rule 18 para. 1 page 47.)

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71 RULE 35.

Rurm:ng High Jump.

I.-The competitor must from one toot.

2.-Knocking the bar off the supports or touching the ground beyond the plane of the uprights with any part of the body shall count as a failure.

3.-The uprights or posts shall not be moved during the competition unless the Referee considers the take-off or landing ground has become unsuitable.

In such a case the change shall be made only after a round has been completed.

(For apparatus refer to Rule 47 page 81.)

RULE 36.

Pole Vault.

I.-Any competitor may have the uprights moved in either direction but they may not be moved more than 60 centimetres (two feet) from the prolongation of the inside edge of the top of the stopboard. If the uprights are moved, the Judges should make a re-measurement to ensure that there is no variation in the height. (Also refer to rule 21 pages 51 apd 52.)

2.-The take-off for the pole vault shall be from a woaden box.

3.-In addition to the failures mentioned in rule 34 paragraph 10 (page 69) a competitor fails if he:(a) Knocks the bar off the supports; or (b) leaves the ground for the purpose of making a vault and fails to clear the bar; or (c) after leaving the ground places his lower hand above the upper one or moves the upper hand higher on the pole; or (d) touches with any part of his body or with the pole, the ground beyond the plane of the stop-board of the wooden box.

4.-If in making an attempt the competitor's pole is broken it shall not be counted as a failure.

5.-No shall be allowed to touch the pole unless it is falling away from the bar or uprights; if it is so touched the vault shall be recorded as a failure.

6.-Competitors may use their own poles. No co:npetitoc shall be allowed to use any of the private poles except with the consent of the owner. (For apparatlls see rules 47 and 48 pages 80-82.)

RULE 37.

Running Long Jump.

I.-The take-off shall be from a board, sunk level with the runway and the surface of the pit, the edge of which, near,er to the pit, shall be called the take-off line. Immediately beyond the take-off line there shall be placed a board of plasticine or similar substance for recording the athlete's footprint when he has foot-faulted.

If it is not possible to instal the above apparatus the following method should be adopted: immediately in front of the take-off line and across all the length of it over a width of 10 centimetres (4 inches) the ground shall be sprinkled with soft earth or sand to malQe it 13 millimetres (one half-inch) higher than the take-off board. From the take-off board the earth shall be raised at an angle of 30° to the height of 13 millimetres (one half-inch).

2.-If any competitor touches the gr'Dund beyond the take-off line, or take-off line extended, with any part of the body, whether running up without jumping or in the act of jumping,it shall be counted a failure.

3.-All jumps should be measured from the' bre:lk in the pit made by any part of the body or limbs to the take-off line and at right angles to such line. If in the course of landing the competitor touches the ground outside the pit nearer to the take-off than the nearest break in the pit made by the jump, such jump shall not be measured but shall count as a failure.

4.-The jumping pit shall have a minimum width of 2 metres 75 centimetres (9 feet).

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72

5.-The distance between the take-off and the end of the pit shall be at least 9 metres (29t feet).

6.-The take-off board shall be not less than one metre (3ft. 3in.) from the edge of the pit. (Also see rule 34, pages 68 and 69.) (For apparatus refer to rule 49 page 83 and _diagram below.)

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taken off, in the step he shall land on the other foot, from which consequently the jump¡ is performed.

3.-If the competitor while jumping touches the ground with the " sleeping" leg it shall be considered as a failure.

4.-ln all other respects the rules for the Running Long Jump shall apply. (Also see rule 37 pages 71 and 72.)

SECTION V. THROWING EVENTS. HAMMER, SHOT, DISCUS AND JAVELIN.

RULE 40.

General Rules.

RULE 38.

Standing High Jump., Standing Long Jump.

1.-The feet of the competitor may be placed 1Il any position, but shall leave the ground only o?oe in making an attempt to jump. When the feet are the ground twice, or two &prings are made III an attempt, it shall count as a failure. A oompetItor may rock forward and backward, lifting heels and toes foot alrernately from the ground, but he may not lift clear from the ground or slide it along in any dIrectIOn on the ground. .

2.-With these exceptions, the rules for the Runmng High Jump and Long Jump respectively shall apply.

RULE 39.

Hop, Step and Jump.

1. The take-off shall be made from a board (for a:pparatus see rule 49 page 83) sunk level with the. runway, and placed at least 11 metres (36ft.) from the pIt. 2.-The hop shall be made so that the competitor shall first land upon the same foot with which he shall ha ve

1.-The order in which the competitors take their trials &ee rule 19 para. 8 page 50.) shall be drawq,:;by lot.

2.-ln all throwing events, each competitor shall be allowed three trials, and the six best shall be allowed three additional trials. No competitor shall be allowed the additional trials unless one of his three trials was a fair throw. Each competitor shall be credited with the best of all his throws. (Also see rule 18 para. 1 page 47.)

3.-ln all throwing events from a circle a competitJr is allowed to touch the inside of the iron band or stop board.

It shall be a foul throw and not allowed to count, if the competitor after he has stepped into the circle and commenc,ed to make a throw, touches with any part of his body, the top of the stop-board or circle or the ground outside, or improperly releases the shot, discus or hammer in making any attempt. (Also see rule 55, page 87.)

4.-The competitor must not leave the circle until the implement has touched the ground, and he shall then from a standing position, leave the circle from the. rear half, which shall be indicated by a chalk line drawn through the centre and extended outside the circle, not less than 75 centimetres (30 inches) on each side.

In throwing the javelin, a foul throw or impropelly releasing the implement in making an attempt shall be recorded as a throw, but shall not count.

75 5.-All throws from a circle, to be valid, must fall within the inner edge of the lines making a sector of 90°, the radii lines crossing at the centre of the circle and the ends of which should be marked with metal flags. (Also refer to Rule 57 page 88.)

6.-The measurement of each throw shall be made from the nearest mark made by the fall of the discus, shot, or head of the hammer, to the inside of the circumfepence of the circle along a line from the mark made by the implement to the centre of the circle.

7.-A distinctiv,e flag or disc shall be provided to mark the existing world record and when appropriate the existing national record in each throwing event. In the javelin, discus and hammer competitions a distinctive flag shall be provided also to mark the throws of each competitor.

8.-0nly throwing implements provided by the organisers of the meeting may be used.

9.-No harness, instrument ,or device of any kind which C:ln be used as a support when making a throw shall b-e allowed. lO.-The maximum allowance for lateral in;;lination of the runways for throwing events shall be 1: 100 and in the running direction 1: 1000, and that of the throwing field 1 : 1000. (Also refer to rule 18 :pages 47 and 48.)

THROWING

LANCEMENT

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JAvELIN jAVELoT

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RULE 41.

Javelin ThrowIng. I.-The length of the runway shall be unlimited but not less than 30 metres (98ft. 6in.) and be marked by two parallel lines 5 centimetres (2 in width and 4 metre3 (l3ft. 1tin.) apart. The thrClw shall be made from behind an arc of a circle drawn with a radius of 8 metr,es (26ft. 3in.); such arc shall consist of a strip made of wood or metal 7 centimetres (2:+ inches) in width, painted whit.;: and sunk flush with the ground.

2.-The javelin must be held at the grip.

3.-No throw shall be in which the point of the

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javelin does not strike the ground before any part of the shaft, <Of when the competitor touches with any part of his

77 body or limbs, the strip or the lines drawn from the extremities thereof at right angles to the parallel lines or the ground beyond those lines. The competitor may cross either of the parallel lines.

4.-All throws to be valid must fall within the inner edge of lines marking a sector ,of 28° (approximately), the radii lines crossing at the centre of the circle shall be drawn through the extremities of the arc. The ends of the radii lines should be marked with metal flags.

5.-If the javelin breaks, while in the air, it shall not count as a trial provided the throw was made in accordance with the rules.

6.-The measurement of each throw shall be made from the nearest point of the fall ,of the javelin to the inside edge of the arc along a line from the point of the fall to the centre of the circle, of which the arc is a part. (For implement refer to rule 50, page 84.)

RULE 44.

Throwing tbe Hammer.

I.-AH throws shall be made from a circle 2.135 metres

(7 feet) in diameter.

throwing the hammer, ordimry gloves for the protectiOn of the hands are permitted. the hammer breaks during a throw or while in the . aIr, It shall not count as a throw provided it was made in the rules. If the competitor thereby loses hIS eqUIlIbnum and commits a foul, it shall not count against him.

4.-It shall not be considered a foul throw if the head of the the ground when the competitor makes the prelImmary swings or turns; but if, after having so touched the ground, he stops throwing so as to belYin throw again, this shall count as a trial throw. (For Implement and apparatus refer to rules 53 and 54 palYes 8li and 87.)

RULE 42.

Throwing the Discus.

I.-The discus shall be thrown from a circle 2.50 metres (8ft. 2tin.) in diameter. (For implement and apparatus refer to rule 51 pages 84 and 85.)

RULE 43.

Putting the Shot.

1.-The put shall be made from a circle 2.135 metres in diameter. At the middle of the circumference in the fr,ont half of the circle a stop board shall be pla:::ed firmly fastened to the ground.

2.-The shot shall be put from the shoulder with one hand only and it must not be brought behind the plane of the shoulders.

3.-All measurements shall be made immediately after each throw. (For implement and apparatus refer to rule 52 pages 85 'and 86 and rules 56, 57 and 58 pages 88 and 89,)

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SECTION VI. RULE 45.

Walking.

I.-Definition. Walking is progression by steps so taken that unbroken contact with the ground is maintained.

2.-Judging. Judges of walking must be careful to observe that the advancing foot of the walker makes contact with the ground before the rear foot leaves the groun?, in particular, that during the period of each step: In whIch a foot is on the ground, the leg shall be . straightened (i.e., not bent at the knee) at least for one moment.

3.-Ju.dging and Disqualifications. The appointed Judges of elect a Chief Judge. All the Judges shall act III an mdivIdual capacity. Wben, in the opinion of:-

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(a) two of the Judges, one being the Chief Judge or (b) three Judges other than the Chief Judge a competitor's mode of progressiQn fails to comply with the definition during any part of the competition, he shall be disqualified and informed of his disqualification by the Chief Judge. In no circumstances shall two Judges of the same nationality have the power to disqualify.

4.-Effect may be given f() any such disqualification immediately after the conclusion of the competition, if circumstances render impracticable an earlier notice to the competitor of his disqualification.

5. A competitor may be cautioned when by his mode of progression he is in danger Qf ceasing to comply with the definition of contact; but he is not entitled to a second caution.

6.-In track races a competitor who is disqualified must immediately leave the track, and in road races the disqualified competitor must, immediately after his ciisqualification, remove the distinguishing number or numbers which he is wearing.

NOTE.-lt is recommended that a system of signalling " caution" by white flag and "disqualification" by red flag be used as far as possible during a walking race for the information of the officials, competitors and spectators.

7. In all international races of 50 kilometres (or 30 miles) and over, refreshments shall be provided by the organisers, and refreshment stations shall be arranged at 10 kilometres or 6 miles, and thereafter at every 5 kilometres or 3 miles. No refreshment may be carried or taken by any competitor other than that provided by the organisers, but the athlete may specify the type of refresh:l1ent desired. (Also see rule 18 para. 9 page 48.)

SECTION Vu. COMBINED COMPETITIONS.

RULE 46.

Pentathlon and Decathlon.

MEN. I.-The Pentathlon c-onsists of five: events which shall in the following order: Long Jump; Throwing the be Javehn; 200 metres; Throwing the Discus; and 1500 metres.

2.-The Decathlon consists of ten events which shall be on two consecutive days in the following order:Fust day 100 Metres; Running Long Jump; Putting the Shot; Running High Jump; and 400 Metres.

Second day- 110 Metres Hurdles; Throwing the Discus; Pole Vault; Throwing the Javelin; and 1500 Metres.

WOMEN. 3.-The Pentathlon for women consists of five events which shall be held on two consecutive days in the foUowing order:First day -, Putting the Shot; Running High Jump; and 200 Metres.

Second day- 80 Metres Hurdles; and Running Long Jump.

4.I.A:A.F. rules for each event constituting the competItion WIll apply with the following exceptions:(a) In each. of the jumping and throwing events, each shall be allowed three trials only. (b) !he tIme of each competitor shall be taken by at least two time-keepers, and if theIr tImes differ, the slower time shall be recorded. (c) In the running trials and the hurdles a competitor shall be disqualified in any event in which he has made three false starts.

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Sf

5.-The scores separately and combined should be announced to the competitors after the completion of each event. (Refer to rule 19 paras. 9-11 page 51.)

6.-The winner shall be the competitor who has obtained the highest number of points in the five or ten events as the case may be, awarded on the basis of the LA.A.F. Scoring Table.

6.-The following drawings illustrate one way of co.nstructing the uprights in accordance with the rule.

SECTION VIII. SPECIFICATIONS FOR OFFICIAL IMPLEMENTS AND ApPARATUS.

RULE 47.

Jumping and Vaulting Standards.

1.-Uprights.-Any style or kind of uprights or post3 may be used provided they are rigid.

The Cross-bar shall be of wood or metal, triangular or circular in section, each side or diameter of which shall measure 30 millimetres (1-r6th inch).

The ends of the circular bar shall be constructed in such a way that a flat surface of 30 x 150 millimetres (hi- x 6 inches) is obtained for the purpose of placing the bar on its supports on the uprights. Optionally the cross-bar may be split in the middle and joined with a metal clip about 300 millimetres (l fQot) long.

3.-The cross-bar shall have a maximum length of 4 metres (13 feet Itinches) and the maximum width between the uprights shall be 4.02 metres (13 feet 2t inches).

The maximum weight of the cross-bar shall be 2 kilogrammes (4 lbs. 6 2/5 ozs.).

4.-Sup,ports for cross-bar in the High Jumps.-The supports for the cross-bar shall be flat and rectangular, 40 millimetres (It inches) wide and 60 millimetres (2f inches) long. They shall each face the opposite upright and the end of the cross-bar shall rest on them in such a manner that if it is touched by a competitor it will easily fall to the ground, either forwards or backwards.

5.-There shall be a space of at least 10 millimetres (t inch) between the of the cross-bar and the uprights.

7.-Supports for the cross-bar in the Pole Vault.-Pegs: shall be used to support the cross-bar and shall be without notches or indentations of any kind, of uniform thickness. throughout and not more than 13 millimetres (t inch) diameter. They must not extend more than 75 millimetres (3 inches) from the uprights, and the cross-bar shall rest on them so that if it is touched by a competitor or his pole it will fall easily to the ground in the direction of the pit.

S.-Wooden box for the Pole V ault.-This shall measure 100 centimetres (3 feet 4 inches) in length, 60 centimetres

83

82 (2 feet) in width at the front end, and tapering to 1.5 centimetres (6 inches) in width at the stop-board, where It shall be 20 centimetres (8 inches) in depth. . .

The bottom of the box shall be lined with 2.5 mllhmetres (1 /l0 inch) sheet iron or metal.

1 - - - - - - 1 0 0 0 mm

(3' 4':)---_----<

I I

I-

60(J rr,lYl,1

I

!

RULE 49.

Take-off Board.

Hop,

LONG JUMP AND

STEP AND JUMP.

L-Constructioll.-The take-off board shall be made Qf wood and shall measure 1.22 metres (4 feet) long, 200millimetres (8 inches) wide and 100 millimetres (4 inches) deep. On the side nearer to the pit should be fixed a horizontal shelf 1.22 metres (4 feet) long; 140 millimetres (5f inches) wide; the top of which should be 25 millimetres (I inch) below the surface of the take-off board. This shelf should have a ledge, of the following approximate rneasureme,nts, along the edge next to the pit; 38 millimetres.

(1 t inches) high and 25 millimetres (l inch) wide, thus forming a recess 38 millimetres (H inches) deep, 1.22 metres (4 feet) long, and 100 millimetres (4 inches) wide,. immediately beyond the take-off board on which to place a board 25 millimetres (l inch) thick as required; with a layer of plasticine or similar substance 13 millimetres (t inch) thick, the edge of which next to the take-off board must be at an angle of 30 to the horizontal. The layer of plasticine can be smoothed off by means of a roller or suitably shaped scraper for the purpose of removing the footprints of the competitors.

(Also see rule 37 para. 1 page 71.)

2.-The take-off board shall be painted white.

NOTE.-It will be found very helpful to have a spare plasticine board available, so that while the footprint is being eliminated the competitors are not delayed; Until the above-mentioned construction can be brought into use, it is recommended that the old type of take-off board be used where in front of the take-off line and across all the length of it over a width of 100 millimetres (4 inches) the ground shall be sprinkled with sand or soft earth to make it 13 millimetres (t inch) higher than the take-off board. From the take-off board the earth shall be raised at an angle of 30 t.o the height of 13 millimetres (t inch).

0

Nora.-The landing pit should measure not less than 4 metres (l3ft. H-in.) long by 4 metres (13ft. H-in.) wide for the High Jump, and for the Pole Vault 4 metres (l3ft. !tins.) long (i.e. at the take-off side) by 5 metres (16ft. 4in.) wide.

RULE 48.

Vaulting Pole.

The pole may be of any material and of any length or diameter, but the basic surface of the metal, where metal is used, must be smooth. The pole may have a binding only .of not more than two layers of adhesive tape of uniform thickness.

0

RULE 50.

Javelin.

l.--Collstruction.-The javelin shall be made of. metal or wood with a sharp point (in the case of a wooden javelin, a sharp metal point) constructed in such a manner that the distance between the foremost point and the centre of gravity is not more than:For men 110 centimetres (3 feet 7t inches).

For women ..

95 centimetres (3 feet It inches).

Nor less than: For men 90 centimetres (2 feet 11 t inches).

For women ..

80 centimetres (2 feet 7t inches).

2.-Grip.-It shall have, about the centre of gravity, a grip formed by a binding of whipcord with a width of:For men ..

16 centimetres (61- inches).

For women ..

15 centimetres (6 inches). without thongs or notches on the shaft, and shall have no other holding than the above-mentioned binding, the circumference of which at either edge shall not exceed the circumference of the shaft by mor'e than 25 millimetres (l inch).

3.-Measurement.-The length shall be not less than:For men 260 centimetres (8 feet 6 inches).

For women ..

220 centimetres (7 feet 2.64 inches). complete as thrown.

4.-Weight.-The weight shall be not less than:For men 800 grammes (l lb. 121- oz.).

For women. .

600 grammes (l lb. 51- oz.). complete as thrown.

RULE 51.

n:scus.

1.-Construction.-The discus shall be composed of a smooth metal rim permanently attached to a wood body, metal plates set flush into the sides of the wooden body, in the exact centre of the discus a means for securing

the correct weight. The metal plates shall be circular in form, having a diameter of not less than:For men 51 millimetres (2 inches).

For women 50 millimetres (2 inches). nor more than 57 millimetres (21- inches).

Each side of the discus shall be identical and shall be made withoc::t indentations, projecting points or sharp edges.

The sides shall taper in a straight line from the beginning of the curve of the rim to a line a distance of 25 millimetres (1 inch) from the centre of the discus.

A metal discus complying with the official measurements, weight and conditions may be used.

2.-lvleasurements. The largest dimension shall be a circle not less man:For men 219 millimetres (8t inches).

For women 180 millimetres (7 inches). in diameter. The thickness through the exact centre, on a line perpendicular to the diameter, shall be not less than:For men 44 millimetres (l t inches).

For women 37 millimetres (l t inches).

The thickness at 25 millimetr'es Cl inch) from the centre shall be exactly the same as at the centre. The thickness of the rim at a distance of 6 millimetres {quarter inch) from the edge shall be not less than:For men 13 millimetres (t inch).

For women ..

12 millimetres (t inch).

The edge shall be rounded in a true circle.

3.-Weight.-The weight of the discuss shall be not less than:For men 2 kilogrammes (4 lbs. 6 2/5 oz.).

1 kilogramme (2 lbs. 3 1/5 oz.).

For women complete as thrown.

RULE 52.

Shot. l.-Construction.-The shot shall be of solid iron, brass or any metal not softer than brass, or a shell of such metal

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filled with lead or other material. 1t must be spherical iD shCLpe. 2.-Weight.-The shot shall weigh not less than:For men 7.257 kilogrammes 06 los.).

For women. .

4 kilogrammes (8 lbs. 13 4/5 oz.).

RULE 53.

Hammer.

l.-Head.-The head shall be of solid iron, brass or any metal not softer than brass or a shell of such metal filled with lead or other material. It must be spherical in shape.

2.-Handle.-The handle shall be of single unbroken and straight length of spring steel wire not less than 3 millimetres (t inch) in diameter, or No. 36 piano wire 2.6 millimetres (1/10 inch) in diameter, and shall be such that it cannot stretch appreciably while the hammer is being thrown. The hanale may be 1<)Oped at one or both ends as a means of attachment.

3.-Grip.-The grip may be either of single or double loop construction, but must be rigid and without hinging joints of any kind, and se made that it cannot stretch appredably while being thrown.

4.-Connections.-The handle shall be connected to the head by means of a swivel which may be either plain or ball bearing. The grip shall be connected to the handle by means of a loop. A swivel may not be used.

5.-Weight and Length.-The total weight shall be not less than 7.257 kilogrammes (16 lbs.) and the total iength not more than 1.22 metres (4 feet) complete as thrown.

RULE 54.

Hammer ThrOWing Cage.

I.-It is strongly recommended that all hammer throws be made from an enclosure or cage to ensure the safety of spectators, officials and competitors.

2."'-The cage should be U-shaped in plan, the diameter

of the bent portion being 8.23 metres (27 feet) with the opening through which the throw is made 8.23 metres (27 feet) wide. The height should be not less than 2.74 metres (9 feet).

3.-A cage made to the following specification is suggested.

Framework.-A metal rod 19.2 metres (63 feet) in length is bent to the shape of a letter U the radius of the bent portion being 4.11 metres (13 feet 6 inches) and the width of the open end being 8.23 metres (27 feet). The: rod is supported in a horizontal plane 2.74 metres (9 feet) above the ground by metal supports made in the shape of an inverted letter " y" or by gallows-shaped supports.

Netting.-A net 19.2 metres (63 feet) long by 3.05 metres (10 feet) wide made of cord 12.5 millimetres (t inch) in

circumference with 50 millimetres (2 in<:hes) meshes is suspended from the rod by tying or preferably lacing with similar cord. To the lower edge of the net resting on the ground 9 sandbags each weighing approximately 13.5 kilograms 00 pounds) are attached at regular i.ntervals.

Erection.-If inverted "y" shap,ed supports are used two bracing cr¡ass-ropes or wire stays are attached to the two supports at one end of the structure. It will assist in the erection of the framework if this section is assembled first Where Ipermanent sockets can be set in the ground the gallows-type uprights may be used. The sockets should be SLInk to a depth of 43 centimetres (17 inches) and provided \vith covers for Use when the uprights are removed.

RULE 55.

Circles.

l.--Construction.-CircIes shall be made of band iron or steel, the top of which shall be flush with the ground outside. The earth or clay in the circles shall be packed hard and firm and 2 centimetres {t inch) lower than outside the circle.

2.--,Weasurements.-The circle shall measure:-

I

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2.50 metres (8 ft. 2!- inches) inside diameter.

Discus throwing Hammer Throwing and Shot Putting ..

2.135 metres (7 feet) inside diameter.

The metal circle shall be 6 millimetres (t inch) in thickness and 76 millimetres (3 inches) in height.

3. The circles shall be painted white.

RULE 56.

Stop Board (PuttIng the Shot). l.--Construrtion.-The board shall be made of wood in the shape of an arc so that the inner edge coincides with the inner edge of the circle, also so made that it can be' firmly fixed to the ground.

2.-Measurell1ents.-The board shall measure 1.22 metres (4 feet) long on the inside, 114 millimetres (4t inches) wide and 100 millimetres (4 inches) high.

3.-Finish.-The board shall be painted white.

RULE 57.

Sectors for throws from circles and arcs.

The sector within wnIch all throws must fall, shall be clearly marked on the ground with lines 5 centimetref> (2 inches) wide, the inner edges of which shall form the sector lines, the radii lines crossing at the centre of the circles. The outer ends of the radii lines should be marked with metal flags.

RULE 58.

Sector Flag. l.--Construction.-The Sector flag should be entirely of metal.

2.-Measurements.-The flag should be rectangular in shape measuring about 10 x 18 centimetres (4 x 7 inches) with the standard 8 millimetres (5/16 inch) in diameter

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and not less than GO centimetres (or 2 feet) in length, above the ground.

RULE 59.

Hurdles. l.-ConstructiOri.-The hurdles shall be made of metal or wood and shall consist of two bases and two uprights supporting a rectangular frame reinforced by one or more cross-bars, the uprights to be fixed at the extreme end of each base. The hurdles shall be of such a design that a force of at least 3.6 kilogrammes (8 lbs.) applied to the centre of the top edge of the cross-bar is required to overturn it. The hurdle may be adjustable in height for c3.ch event. The counterweights must be adjustable so tbat at each height.a. force of at least 3.6 kilogrammes (8 lbs.) and not more, than 4 kilogrammes (8 lbs. 13 ozs.) is rquired to over turn it.

2.-Measurements.-The standard heights of the hurdks sbH be:Wo'nen 80 metres 87t yards 76.2 centimetres (2 ft. 6 in.).

A1ell

110 metres 120 yards 1.067 metres (3 ft. 6 in.).

76.2 centimetres (2 ft. 6 in.).

200 metres 220 yards 400 metres 440 yards 91.4 centimetres (3 ft. 0 in).

The extreme width s:,all be 1.20 metres (3 ft. 11 in.).

The extreme length of th-e base shall be 70 centimetres (2 ft. 31' inches). The total weight of the hurdles shall be not less than 10 kilogrammes (22 lbs. 21' ozs.).

Norn.-In each case there shall be a toleration allowance of 3 millimetres (t inch) above and below the standard heights, to allow jor variation in the manufacture.

(Also see rule 28 pages 61 and 62.)

3.-The width of the top bar shall be 70 millimetres (2t inches).

4.-Finish.-The top bar shall be striped in black and white. The hurdles shall be so placed on the track that

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91

90 the feet of the hurdles shall be on the side of the approach by the competitor.

5.-Testing.-To check the resisting force of hurdles a simole spring-balance should be used by the application of a force to the centre of the cross-bar. Alternatively use a cord with a hook, applied to the centre of the crossbar, take the cord along over a pulley fixed convenientlY and load the other end of the cord with weights.

RULE 60.

Relay Baton.

C oflstruction.-The baton shall be 'of a smooth hollow

wooden or metal tube in one piece the length of which shall be not more than 30 centimetres (one foot) and not less than 28 centimetres (11 inches). The circumference shall be 120 millimetres (4t inches) and it shall not weigh less than 50 grammes (l t oz.).

RULE 61.

Starting Blocks.

1.-The purpose of starting blocks is to expedite the carrying through of programmes and to protect the tracks.

2,-They must be constructed entirely -of rigid materials.

3. They may be adjustable, but must be made without springs or other device3 whereby the athlete can obtain any artificial assistance.

4.-They should be so made as to be easily and quickly placed into position and removed without damage to the track.

RULE 62.

Finish Posts_ The finish posts shall be of rigid construction of about 1.37 metres (4 ft. 6 in.) in height, 8 centimetres (3 in.) in width and 2 centimetres U in.) in thickness.

T

t-3 7m 46'

t¡2Zm

8cm (3 i.nches) Z. cm (3,4.inch )

4'0"

GENERAL RULES FOR

OLYMPIC

EVENTS

RULE 1.

The Jury.

I.-The Jury shall consist of five or eight members appointed by the International Amateur Athletic Federation and shall manage the field and track events at the Olympic

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92

2.-AH financial and technical arrangements of. the Olympic Games shall be in the hands of the National Olympic Committee organising the Games, but the Jury mentioned above shall supervise the technical arrangements, appoint judges, etc., as stated hereafter. The Committee shall appoint one of its members as haIson officer to the Jury; such liaison officer shall take care of and be responsible for good communication between the Jury and the organising Committee. .

3.-The organising Committee shall be responSIble for part of the travelling expenses of the Jury. but not for those of the international Judges.

RULE 2.

Work of the Jury.

1.-The Jury shall be the highest authority on the track, and receive and decide any protests. (See Rule 23 page 54 of the Athletic Rules for International Competitions.)

2.-The Jury shall not overrule the decisions .the Referees or Judges unless it shall find that a dIstlllct mistake has beep. made.

3.-The Jury shall decide all questions relating to :he actual conduct of the Meeting, the final settlement of whIch is not otherwise covered by the rules.

4.-The Jury shall, through special experts, investigate the track and field and the technical arrangements the:eof, also that implements are in accordance with specificatIOns, not less than 15 days before the opening of the Games.

The report of such experts shaH be forwarded by the Jury to the Olympic Committee organising the Games, as soon as possibIe. with the request that certain alterations be made if necessary.

5.-The Jury shall meet at the place where the competitions are to be held not less than eight days before the beginning of the events. It shall see field and track are in good order, courses properly laId ?ut and measured to conform to all the requirements as laId down by the Athletic Rules for International Competitions and

that all implt?ments and equipment necessary for satisfactory competition are provided. .

6.-The organising Committee shall have all the implements ready for inspection at least five days before the opening of the games. Should the Jury not find the implements in accordance with specificati,on, new implements shall be obtained as directed by the Jury.

7.-The organising Committee shall hand over to the Jury final entries arranged for the different competitions not less than five days before the opening of the Games.

The Jury shall accept or reject such entries, arrange the series and heats, and return the result to the organising Committee, which shall publish the entries with the competitors' numbers in sufficient time before the opening of the Games.

8.-In the event of the track and field upon which the Olympic Games are to be held not being available for practice, the organising Committee shall provide a suitable place for purpose.

RULE 3.

The Athletic Gronnd.

1.-The length of each lap should be 400 or 500 metres.

The track for the 200 metres dash may be straight.

2.-All tracks for running, jumping and throwing events must be of cinder or similar material. Grass is not permitted.

3.-0n the field inside the track there shall be arranged two platforms. One of these shall be near the tunnel through which the competitors enter the field, and from which the field and track events shall be managed, and shall have telephone communication with the dressing rooms of the athletes, the Press Stand, the Band Stand, the loud speaker, the flag posts, etc., and from which bells may be operated in all dressing rooms, to call the competitors to the start.

4.-The other platform shall serve as an office for the Jury in charge of the field and track events.

5.-The loud speaker shall be governed by the Manager

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of the Games, and the speaker into the microphone placed near the Manager.

RULE 4.

Officials 1.

Beside the Jury there shall be the following officials: One Manager, 3 or 4 Assistant Managers, One Keeper of the Implements, 2 or more Announcers.

2.

One Referee for track events, 3 Starters, 7 Judges at the finish, 6 or more Umpires, 9 Timekeepers.

3.

One Referee for throwing events, 6 or more Judges for throwing events.

4.

One Referee for jumping events, 6 or more Judges for jumping events.

5.

One One One One

or more Press Stewards, Official Surveyor, Marshal, or more Doctors.

Necessary number of Clerks and Scorers, including Lap-Scorers, Ne;:;essary number of Assistants.

7.-For the running events in Decathlon, as well as in the Marathon rac¡e and the 50,000 metres Walking Race the number of officials must be considerably increased.

6.

RULE 5.

The Manager.

The Manager shall have charge of the field and track

eve.nts and be responsible for the proper carrying out of the Games. Ten minutes before the time of an event. he shall sound the bells. in the dressing rooms, and Announcers shall announce on the field, to the competitors, the judges and the public, the start of the event. The Manager of the Games shall not leave his stand during the time a competition is going on. After the finish of an event he shall, through his assistant, receive the results from the scorer of such event. All announcements to the public, press, etc., shall be given by the Manager of the Games through the Announcers, Press Stewards, loud speakers, etc.

RULE 6.

The Assistant Manager.

1.-The Manager shall have three or four Assistant Managers, one for running events, one for jumping events and one for thr.owing events, etc. The Assistant Managers shall see that starts are carried out and shall follow the particular competitions. Fifteen minutes before the finish ?f any competition they shall notify the Manager thereof, In order that he may be prepared for the start of the next event.

2.-The Assistant Managers shall at the end of each event collect and hand to the Manager the results given by the scorers.

RULE 7.

The Keeper of the Implements.

This' official shall keep all implements under lock and key and shall be responsible for the implements boeing at hand in proper time for each event. The keeper of the implements acts directly und'er the Manager of the Games.

RULE 8.

The Referees.

1.-The Referees are responsible for the proper conduct of each event under their control and assign to the Judges their particular duties. In the case of a difference between

96 the Judges, they shall decide and, if necessary, refer tl) the Jury.

2.-When, in any but the final heat of a race, a claim for a foul or interference is made, the Referee shall have the power to disqualify the competitor who was at fault, if he considers the foul intentional or due to culpab.e carelessless, and shall also have the power to allow the hindered competitor to start in the next¡ round of heats, just as if he had been placed in his trial.

3.-When, in a final heat, a claim for a foul or interference is made, he shall have the power to disqualify the competitor who was at fault, if he considers the foul intentional or due to culpabl,e carelessness, and he shall also have the power to order a new race between such of the competitors as he thinks entitled thereto.

RULE 9.

Timekeepers.

I.-Timekeepers shall use only watches tested and certified at an astronomical or physical institute during the same year in which the Games take place, and the rules and conditions of the test be similar to those ad,opted by the National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, England.

(The said Rules are published in the 1931 edition of the Athletic Rules.)

2.-The use of watches of the Splitsecond Type (Rattrapante) is strongly recommended, also that all watches to be used by the official timekeepers at the Games, shall be provided by the Organizing Committee of the Games. . 3.-0ne of the timekeepers acts by appointment of the Jury as head timekeeper and regulates the daily division and work of the other timekeepers.

4.-The timekeepers shall act independently from one; another, enter their times without discussing times and without showing their watches to each other, in the printed form specially made for this purpose, and after signing the form, hand it to the head who is entitled to control the reported times on the watches.

97 5.-The head timekeeper enters the reported time in a spe:ial blank (schedule) fixes the official time results according to Rule 10 and provides for publication.

6.-The head timekeeper may entrust one of the timekeepers with taking intermediate times and may designate for taking the time of the winner Ca fourth) reservethe time taken by whom shall only be taken into account in case and for whatever reason only two watches have been acting.

7.-The timekeepers take their place by gradation in extension to the finish line on the other side of the track and in at least two metres fr,om the finishing post.

8.-ln all races up to 200 metres the times of at least the first three, in all other running and walking races the times of at least the first six, shall be officially taken and published.

9.-0ut of the timekeepers 4 take the time of the first, 3" " " second, 3" " " third.

One of the four designated for the first place acts as a reserve timekeeper (see under para. 6 above).

IO.-In races of 400 metres or more those timekeepers who take the time of the first place take also the time of the fourth place, those who take the time of the second place, take also the time of the fifth place, and those who take the time of the third place take also the time of the sixth place.

RULE 10.'

Other Officials.

Regarding other officials, their duties are specitied in the Athletic Rules for International Competitions, which apply for all other questions regarding the Olympic Games.

(Refer to pages 38 to 46.)

RULE 11.

Qualification Trials.

I.-Where in any of the throwing or jumping events throwing, women's high jump and women's

99 javelin throwing excepted) the number of entries exceeds 18, a qualifying round shall be held prior to the competition proper.

2.-No athlete shall participate in the competition proper unless he has reached the prescribed standard in the qualifying round; but if in any event less - than 12 competitors reach the qualifying standard, then the first 12 athletes and any athlete tying for the 12th place shall take part in the competition proper.

3.-1n each qualifying round, each competitor shall be allowed three trials, but the performances accomplished shall not be considered part of the competition proper.

Once a competitor has reached the qualifying standard, he shall not make any more trials.

RULES FOR THE EUROPEAN COMMITTEE AND EUROPEAN CHAMPIONSHIPS RULE 1.

The International Amateur Athktic Federation has decided tJ promote EU ROPEAN CHAMPIONSHlPS in every fourth year, two years after thc Olympic Gamc::;.

RULE 2.

The Council of the 1.A.A.F. shall exercise the following powers : (jl It shall have supreme control of th.e Championships; (bl It shall decide upon all fundamcntal principles; (c) it shall appoint the appropriate European member of the LA.A.F. to organise the Championships, up¡on the recommendation of the European Committee; (0) It shall decide upon the venue for the Championship on the recommendation of the European Committee.

RULE 3.

The European Cl)ml11ittee shall be appointed for a period of four years and shall consist of a President, Honorary Secretary and ten other members all to be elected by Congress from different European countries in affiliation with the LA.A.F. together with the President and the Honorary Secretary of the I.A.A.F. who shall be ex-officiu members of the Committee and be entitled to vote.

The President and Honorary Secretary of the Committee shall reside in the same country and each shall have a vote.

The President of the Committee, in the case of a tie in the voting, shall have a second or casting vote.

The Committee shall serve until a new Committee is appointed and inducted to office.

RULE 4.

The European Committee shall have the following powers :-(a) it shall follow the directions given by the Council of the LA.A.F. and report to that body on European matters; (b) it shall consider applications to hold the European Championships and to make recommendations thereon to the Council; (cl it shall determine, in co-operation with the Organising Member the venue and the date on which the Championships shall be held; (d) it shall have charge of the supervision, preparations and conduct of the Championships and arrange that they are carried through in conformity with the technical rules of the l.A.A.F.; (cl it shall furnish to the Organising Member, the list of countries to be invited to compete; it shall appoint a Jury of five persons and the principal officials; (g) it shall accept or reject entries, arrange heats and

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101

100 qualifying trials, as well as the programme and timetable of events; (h) it shall arrange annually a meeting of representatives of European countries for the purpose only of co-ordinating European Fixtures for the following year.

RULE 5.

The Championships shall comprise the following events: FOR MEN:

Running: 1,500 Metres 100 Metres 200 ..

5,000 " 10,000 ..

400 ..

Marathon (42 km. 195in.)

800 ..

Hurdles: 400 Metres 110 Metres Steeplechase: 3,000 Metres Relays: 4 x 400 Metres 4 x 100 Metres Walking: 50,000 Metres (Road) 10,000 Metres (Track) Jumping: High; Pole; LOlIg; Hop, Step and Jump.

Throwing: Discus; Javelin; Hammer.

Putting: Weight.

Decathlon.

FOR WOMEN:

Running: 100 Metres 200 " HW'dles: 80 Metres Relays:

800 Metres

4 x 100 Metres Jumping: High; Long.

Throwing: Discus; Javelin.

Putting: Weight.

Pentathlon.

RULE 6.

The maximum period for the Championships shall not exceed five days.

RULE 7.

The order of the events and the complete daily programme shall be determined by the European Committee by the end of December previous to the Championships.

RULE 8.

Each T.A.A. F. Member in Europe may be represented by not more than two athletes (in women's events: three) in each individual event and one team in each relay Competitors must comply with the following eve.nt. qualifications: That:(a) they were born in the country they represent; or (b) they are citizens of the country they repreliient and have lived there continuously for a period of not less than five years; or (c) they have become naturalised in the country they represent and have permanent residence there; or (d) they are of European parents fulfilling the above conditions and have not become naturalised as subjects of a country outside Europe. (e) for the purpose of this Rule, Algeria is considered to be a part of France and athletes from all parts of Turkey can also qualify.

With the exception of the terms of clause (e) athletes born outside Europe cannot be qualified unless they meet the condition stated in (b) or (d).

103

102

RULE 9.

The closing date for entries. which must be submittd by the National associations or federations shall be not later than fourteen days prior to the first day of the Championships. A country may nominate not more than two competitors and one reserve (women: three and one reserve) for each individual event and eight competitors in each relay event. The final nominations of the athletes (see Rule 8) to represent a country shall be lodged with the Organising Member not later than three full days for individual events and for relay events not later than () o'clock on the evening of the day preceding the event.

RULE 10.

In each event the winner shall be awarded a silver gilt medaL the second Lt silver medal, and the third a bronze medal.

RULE 11.

A commemorative medal shall be distributed to all officials and competitors.

RULE 12.

The Championships are allocated to a European Member of the LA.A.F. who shall be wholly responsible for all the costs and expenses involved in the promotion of the Championships as well as for the following obligations imposed by the I.A.A.F.:.'--"(a) The Member will immediately appoint an Organising Committee; (b) Second-class travelling expenses (including meals en route) together with board and lodging for a maximum period of eight days, shall be paid to the fourteen Members of the European Committee 3); (c) Second-class travelling expenses (including meals en route) together with board and lodging of not

more than two technical delegates (who should be Members of the European Committee) for a period of not more than five days prior to the Opening of the Champio¡nships. . These expenses. except for travelling, are supplementary to those which may be claimed under para. (b); (d) Second-class travelling expenses (including meals en route) of not more than two delegates for the general supervision of the Championships, at such periods as may be thought appropriate, which shall be supplementary to (b) and (c).

RULE 13.

The Organising Committee shall pay to the I.A.A.F. 4 'X, of the total of the gate money (with a minimum payment of the e::juivalent of U.S.A. Dollars, three thousand) taken at the Championships. The minimum payment shall be paid not later than fourteen days after the Championships and the remainder within three months after the Championships.

RULE ]4.

The Organising Committee shall pay the travelling and living expenses (second-class return rail ticket, board and lodging) for a period of eight days the time taken in travelling) for not less than 100 men and 50 women athletes of the various participating countries.

These expenses shall be calculated from the capital city of the participating country.

The 100 and 50 places respectively shall be distributed among the various countries in accordance with the general athletic results of the preceding year. The Organising Committee shall draw up a formula on these lines, from which the quota for each country can be calculated, to reach the Hononry Secretary of the European Committee not later than 15th January in the year of the Championwho shall submit the proposclls to the European

----

105

104

4.-At the first registration of European Records all world's records recognised by the LA.A.F.and complying with the above rules are entered in the list without control.

Furthermore, all performances already recognised by the competent national association as national records will also be accepted as European Records without proofs if their essential data (name of athlete, performance, time, place, etc.) are certified and presented in writing by the respective national association.

5.-For all future performances the same rules and procedure will be in force as the world's records. Application for the registration of records must be submitted in writing, the application to be accompanied by the proofs prescribed in Rule 24 and sent to the Honorary Secretary.

European Committee of the LA.A.F., c /0 Federation Francaise d'Athletisme, 32 Boulevard Haussmann, Paris, France.

6.-All European Rec¡ords shall be verified and sanctioned by the European Committee.

Committee for approval and allocation of the places not later than 15th March foil owing.

The places shall be so allotted that each participating country shall obtain at least one place each for men and women.

The decision of the European Committee shall be final.

Other expenses of athletes and officials participating in the Championships shall not be paid. As far as possible, however the Organising Committee shall endeavour to obtain charges for travelling and accommodation for athletes and officials.

RULES FOR EUROPEAN RECORDS I.-European Records shall be established for the same events as those which are accepted for World Records.

2.-The eligibility ¡of athletes claiming European Records must conform with the following qualifications, that:(a) they are subjects by birth of the country they represent; or (b) they are citizens of the country they represent and have lived there continuously for a period of not less than five years; or (c) they have become naturalised in the country they represent and have permanent residence there; or (d) they are of European par¡ents fulfilling the above conditions and have not become naturalised as subjects of a country outside Europe. (e) For the purposes of this rule, Algeria is considered to be a part of France and athletes from all parts of Turkey can also qualify.

With the exception of the terms of clause (e) athletes born outside Europe cannot be qualified unless they meet the conditions stated in (b) or (d).

3.-The non-European performances of athletes who are admitted according to the above rules as EUf.Opean athletes may be also recognised as European Records, if these performances are obtained at Olympic Games or they have been accepted by their respective national associations as national records.

I

,! ,

--------

IO(i

107

PANEL

OF

INTERNATIONAL FOR WALKING

JUDGES

Czerhoslovakia: F. Reiner F. Mikes Denmark: K. Hartvig France: F. Guilleux H. C1ermont Ureat Britain .and Northern Ireland: W. Batson G. F. McCombe F. W. Blackmore W. J. Palmer H. Evans E. Parslow G. R. Goodwin G. Stone R. C. Mawbey Hungary: B. Fehervari P. Bacsalmasi L. Balazs Italy: G. Oberweger F. p.orto D. Nai Norway: W. Bengtson A. M. Hagen K. Frodahl R. Reinertsen Roumania: I lonesclI Sweden: R. Anderson E. Li.ndhe S. Anderson G. Stalberg J. Barnstedt C. Widen C. Grandin B. Ohren A. Kallenheim E. Fristedt Switzerland: A. Libotte W. Furrer A. Wydler

EVENTS FOR WHICH WORLD RECORDS ARE RECOGNISED MEN. Running.

2 miles 100 200 3 " 400 6 ,.

800 10 " 1,000 15 " 1,500

100 yards 220 440 ., 880 " I mile

"

"

" "

2,000 metres 3.000 5,000 ,.

10.000 20,000 25.000 ",.,.

30.000

..

"

hour

Hurdles.

120 yards 220 yards 440 yards

110 metres 200 metres 400 metres

Relays.

4x 110 yards 4 x 220 4x440 4 x 880 " 4x I mile

2 miles

5 " 7

"

10 miles 20 " 30 "

4x 4x 4x 4x 4x

100 metres 200 400 " 800 1500 "

Walking.

3,000 metres 5,000 " 10,000 "

"

15,000 metres 20,000 " 30,000 " 50.000 ,.

hour and 2 hours

Jump:ng.

Hop, step and jump Pole vault

High jump Long jump

Throwing.

Shot put Javelin throwing

Discus throwing Hammer throwing Decathlon.

00

o

OFFICIAL LIST Of WORLD TRACK AND FIELD RECORDS MEN

....

'"'1

III

f\l

-

888 '. 3

00 N -

X X X

w ..

'"

0..

e:

000 '<

..

_---- ...... -----------

000

00 N -

ooNO

\

2,000 3,000

1,500

800 1,000

200 -100

100 l11et,'es ......

ill. 7 s 7 m. 58.8 s,

5

20.2 s 45.8 s 1 m. 46.6 s 2 111. 21.3 s 3 m. -13 s

M. E. Patton V. G. Rhoden . Q. .. G. L. . G. .. (;.

\Y: Aberg Hagg Strand Reiff Reiff

.. R. Harbig

..

.

1 h. 17 m. 28.6 s. M. Hietenen 10,2 s .. 1. C. Owens H. Davis L. LaBeach N. H. Ewell Md). Hailey

15

"

-18111. 12 s

M. \\'hitfield G. Hagg G. E. G. Reif'f .. G. Hiigg .. V. Heino .. E. Zatopek

.. :M. E. J'atton .. M. E. l'attoll .. H. McKenley S. C. ,Vooderson

10

1 111. -19.2 s.

9.3 s

20.2 s 46.0 s

.. .. .. .

j........

Panama V.S.A Ul. Britain X. Ireland V.S.A Jamaica Germany Sweden

..

I. 5,49

20.

6.

15.

9.

5,48 6.36 6,41 5.48 7.48 8.51

V.S.A.

U,S..\..

Swedo::n France Swo::den Finland L",ecJJo· ::;luvakia

" England

V.S..-\..

.

Los Angeles . V.S.A Eskilstuna .. SwedO::Il Milan .. Italr Copenhagen .. Denmark Gothenburg .. Sweden Malmo . " Brussels .. Belgium Gade . Sweden

Ho'eslav .........

Gamlakarlo::bv .

Chicago : ..

Compton ..

Fro::sno .

Illinois ..

Belgrade ..

2].

2'i. 9.51

. .. . , .

.

Bero::a, Ohio Malmo Pari::; Gotherburg Kouvola

F,'e::;no Los Angeles Berkdey London

Place

19. 8.50 17. 7,45 26, 8.52 20. 9,42 1. 9.-19

5. 6.-18 20. 8.38

Li. 5.-18

Date

7. 5.49 . . 22. 8.50 15.

7.39 .. .. 10. 8. 52 I. 7.44 16. 7.47 .. 29. 9.-18 12. 8.49

. . &

.. U.S.A. .. .. J a,;;aic;":::::: .. 'unta'lI & X. Irdand .. V.S.A . .. Sweden .. . Bdgium .. .. Sweden " . Finland . .. Czech,,· -;lovakia .. , Finland ..

V.S.A ..

"

Country

RUNNING

Holder

4 111. 01.-1 s.

8 m. 40.4 s.

13 Ill. 32.-1 s 28 111. 30.8 s

,

Height or Distance

1 mile .........

2 3 6

880

220 440

100 yards

Event

.

\'

I

,

(Recognised by the I.A.A.F. as at the 31st December, 1952) I"========::::C::::===================================-

- - - ...........

'tj

3

...... c

3 'tj

.....c

X X X

00 I v 00 .'",)_

o

00

Time Height or Distance

i I

f

5,00:> metre:,

10,000

..

'I G. !Iagg............................. I Sweden . I 20. 9.42 4. 8.50 E.- Zatopek Czecho' : . slo"vakia•...... 1 29. 9.51 i 5'lm..;1.6,; : E. Zatopc'l, .

I

I

: 20,000

! 23,000

30,000

I

13111. 58.2 s 129 nl. 2.b

i

..

1 h. 20 m. 14 s.. : M. Hietenen I hI'. 3S m..;4 s... I I. ,__ j\la:il;atchenkov

..

.. 20,052 nl. 40 cm.

12 mile,; XHl yd".

1 hour

, 40.0 s

4 x 110 yarcb

: 4 x 220

1

Ill.

24 ,

- 4 x 440

3

Ill.

X.X

x 8&.I

7

Ill.

2.9.2

S.

14 x 1 mile

16

Ill.

42.8

S.

14

.c.

I'E. Zat0l'ek I

.. Finland .. U.S.S.R. Czecho' .. sl,wakia

Gothenburg Turku

Sweden Finland

Dokslav..........

Czecho'

sIrn"akia

Gamlakadeby. Finland MoSCoW U.S.S.H.. ])ole,;!a,' Czecho,

23. 5.48 3.10.51 29. 9.51

slovakia

RELAYS

: UlIiver:iity of South Caliiornia , (Ld Fond, Anderson, I Jordan, Talley) .. USA. ......... ' 'Un; "ersity of SmIth Caliiornia I (M. l'atton, R. Frazier, . G. I'asquali, K. Stocks) - V.S.A. ;\'ational Team (E. (i. Cole.

T. \\'. Mashburn, . OR. Pearlllan, i :111. (;. Whitfieldl . l'.S.•-\. Kational Team (\\'. A:ihenfdter, R. Pearman, J. B. Barnes, M. G. \\'hitfield) Gefle ldrntb' . ioreninl.!: (1.

I

1·-1, 5.38

I

Fresl110

V.S.A.

Lunclon

Eug-land

20. 5.49

9. 8.52

4. 8.52

i

G. Bergqvist. n. Ab"rg, H. Erikssou)

,

- - - - - - - .... _ - -

5. K4"

i Stockh"lm

......

"1it--·------·--..'---...r"

Time Height or

Event

.. ..

o

Place

Date

Country

Holder

..... .....

Holder

Datt

Country

Sweden

------_._.

'I

Place

,

4 x 100 melres

i U.S.A.

39.8 s

National Team 0. C. Ow"ns, H. H. Metcalie, I F.Dral·er, F:. C. \Yykoff) : USA. m. 24 ! Ul11\'erSlt)' ot South California (M. l'atton, R. Frazier, G. Pasquali, K. Stocks) 3 Ill. 3.'1 s Jamaican National Team i (A. S. \\"in,t, L. A. Lain!'

I H. H. McKenley, . i V. G. Rhoden) I Jama,ica i m. 29 s. ! Swedish K ational Team (Sten, Linden, , Lindgard. Strand) Swtden ..... I 15 Ill. 30.2 s. ...... Gevle Idrotts' iorening (1. Rengtsson, H. Eriksson, O. Aberg, G. Bet'gqvist) .

I

i

I

4 x 200

,

20. 5.49

I

4 x 4OC1

4x

9. 8.36

80)

4 x 1300"

I Herlin

II

II I

i Los

I

I

: Germany

Angeles... e.S.A.

I

II I

. .

13. 9.46

I Helsinki

Finland

i Stockholm

Sweden

!

3. 7.49

i (;avle

HURDLES 120 yards

22() .

.

440 ..

110 metres

200 400

i 13.5

s

' 22.3 s

31.6 s 13.5 s

22.3 s

......... 50.6 s.

.

H.. H . .Atllese)"

H. Dil.Jard .. C. H. .. R. H. Attlesey . F. \\"olcott H. Dillard G. Hardin ..

.. .

I U.S.A. . .

i

'

13. 5.50

21. 6.47

9. 8.52 10. 7.50

8. 6.40 21. 6.47

26. U4

Fresnu .. 'l'.S.A. Salt Lake City.

London :..

Helsinki . Finland f'ri llceton . 'IT.S.'''''.

Salt Lake City Stockholm ...:..

..... .....

t'ime Height or Di;taace

Event

7 10 20 ::0

.. ,.

3.000 metres 5.000

..

lll,OOO

..

..

15,000

..

..

30.000 50,000 ,.

1 hour

2

Place

l-.J

!

WALKING

112 Ill. 45 s.

135 lll. 15 s.

.. ..

Date

,

I 2 Illile;

Country

Holder

V. Hardmo R. Hardy

148 m. 15.2 ;.

V. Hardlllo 1 h. 10 m. 55.85. J. F. Mikael;;on 2 h. 41 Ill. 07 s..... H. Olssoll 14 h. 21 m. 12.6 s. A. Raka 11 Ill. 51.8 ;.

V. Hardmo 20 lll. 26.8 s.

V. Hardmo , 42 Ill. 3').6 s.

V. Hanlmo : 1 h. 8 lll. 8 s Junk 1 h. 32 Ill. 28,4:;. J: F .. .. : 2 h. 2i Ill. 46.6 s. :'1. La"·",, 4 h. 31 m. 21.6 s. A. Raka 13,812 m.

J. F. Mikadsson (8 miles 1,0.:;2 y.)

n.

25.5.\1 m O. Andersoll (15 miles 1,521 y.)

I Sweden ........

. . Gt. Britain & N. Ireland .. Sweden .. .. . .. Hu'l;gar;;··.:·:.:: .. Sweden ........ . .. . u.s.s.R. . .. Sweden . . Hungary .. . " . .. . ..

1. 9.45 31.

Malmo London

9.

23.

15.

1.

1.

Kumla Stockholm TIoras TIudapest Ma1mo Kumla Kumla Kharhl\' Va"ji:i Budapest

9.45 8.45 8.43 6.52 9.45

31. lA" 9.

11.

12.

18.

1.

1.

9.45 9.51 7.42 S.52 6.52 9,45

Sweden England Sweden . . .. Hu';lgary .. Sweden . . U.S.S.R. .. Sweden .. Hungary

.

. Sweden

15. 9,45

Stockholm .......

17. 6.41

La, Angeles ... U.S.A.

?'

-,).

Ann Arbor .....

JUMPING High Jump .......

2.11 m (6 It. 111 in.)

Long Jump ....... 8.13 m. , (26 ft. 81 in.)

Hop, Step and 16.22 Ill Jump . (5}_ft. 21 in.)

Pole Vault 4.11 m I (15 ft. in.)

U.s.A

L. Steer;

..

.. J. Owens

. A. F. da Silva

Brazil

C. \Varmerdam

.

IT.S.A

.

Country

Shot PuHi,,"

11793 m

1 J.

Throwing Javelin

(58 ft.

Ill.) 56.. 97 m.

(186 It. 11 Ill.) 78.70 m

Throwing'

(300 it. 11 in.)

Dj ,cus

I F..

.

GordlOn

..

•.

I )'. Nlkkanen

..i.l.I:?...... S. Strandh

Decathlull

7,887 I'UIIIIs

•••••••• I

23. 7.52

Hebinki

Finland

2.t 5.42

Modesto

D.S.A.

Date

".,.

14 849

'I

"

.

'-1

Flace

I

E,kil" m"

1

Hallleel11inna..

S,,,d," Finland

.

F'111I'an d

161038

Kotka

Norway

14. 9.53

Oslo

..

.

Norway

DECATHLON

I .

U.S.A

5.35

R. H. Mathia; (1950 Scoring Table)

USA.

25·26. 7.52 Hebinki

Fil'iland

WOMEN RUNNING 10.4 s , 34.2 s

100 vards 230 .

8SI) 60 metre,; 100

300 800

2

..

111.

I :M. J ackson

14.5 s

7.3 s.

11.5 s.

23.4 s.

Ill. 8.5 :;

2

I F. E. lllankers-Koen

IV.

M. Ball

S. \Valasiewicz F. E. llIanker:;·Koen M. Jackson M. Jackson N. G. Pletneva

. Australia ..... .. Netherlands. . G·t. Britain & N. Ireland .. .. Poland . Netherlands.

Australia . .. .. Australia .. .. .. U.S.S.R

8. 3.52 29. 6.50 17. 9.52 24. 9.33 13. 6.48 21. 7.52 25. 7.52

15. 6.52

S -)' d ne)' Brescia London

Lelllberg Amsterdam He.ls.inki Helsinki : Kie\'

.-\ustralia Ital\' .

England Poland N elherlands Finland ..

I IT.S.S.R.

-\ ,H

Event

Country

Place

Date

I I

i

Australia ..... ! 24. 7.52

80 IlletrtS .......... ! 10.'1

Helsinki

.........

i

---=1 Finland

RELAYS 4 x 110 yanb ...... 46.3 s. ................

.....

3 x 880

.....

4 x 100 metrts

4x200

.....

3x800

.....

..

_-

...

_--

Austl'alian Natiollal . Team (S. B. de la Hunty, ! V. J ohnston, 'S. Cripp5, I M. Jackson) .. Australia ....

7 n1. 6 Iliord A.C. (B. Critchley, T. F. Drydtn, i'. E. M. Gretn) Ct. Britain &.

N. Ireland.

1 HI. 4U S. V.S.A. Nati(1l1al Ttam CM. Faggs, B. Jones, I ]. Morreau, C. Hardy) .. U.s.A .. s .. U.S.A. National Team (M. Faggs, B. Jones, }. Morreau, C. Hardy) ..

German National Team (U. Knab, M. Sander, I I H. Klein, M. 1'eter50n) . Germany ..... i 1 m. s.........

Counties \\·.A.A.A. (S. Hampton, A. E. Johnson, J. F. Foulds, S. Cheeseman) .. Gt. Britain &.

N. Ireland ..

6 n1.

5......... U.S.S.R. National Team (L. Sokolova, N. Kabysh, E. Yasiljeva) U.S.S.I\..

.-

.'

Long Jurn!

;

I

: ti.2Sm

Throwing the Ja\'elin

Helsinki

FiJ;]and

1/.

London

England

24. 7.50

M(.s·cow ..........

Date

E. Blankers-Koell

Britain & N. Ireland ..

1 1

Place

I

,

/. /.51

, London

19. 9.43

Lt:iden

26. /.52

Hebinki

!

'

Ketherlands

.

K. Dllmbadze X. Y. Smirnitskaja

U.S.S.K .

, Finland .

"

F.S.S.R

5. 8.49

PENTATHLON

I

l'entathl('ll

,'

53.41 m..............

i

.

THROWING

(I/o it. 1 in.)

I (1/5 it. 2,!in.)

1

G. Zybina

(50 it. g iu.) trl

Londun

!

111.

. :'3.37

..

27. 7.52

i

S. Ler\\'ill

IF.

! (20 It. 6 in.) , i

Throwing the Discus

Country

JUMPING

: 1./2 C' 1(·; ft.. n in.)

\\'tight

4. 8.52

llford

__.J_.. .

Holder

i High Jump

28. 6.52

England

__

Time Height or Distance

Event

Londun

4. 8.52

418 poinb

G. Mallermayer

Gennaliy

16-17. 7.38 :-;ttlttgart

Germany

_

I .

-

OFFICIAL LIST OF EUROPEAN TRACK AND FIELD RECORDS

Q\

MEN (Recognised by the I.A.A.F. as at 1st February, 1953) Time Height or Distance

Event

Country

Holder

Place

Date

RUNNING 100 yards .......

E. McD. Bailey...............

9.6 s.

21.1 s.

47.6 s.

1 m. 49.2 s. ..

4 m. 1.4 s.

1 mile .........

8 m. 4.4 s.

2 13111. 32.4 $ .3 23 m. 30.8 s.

6 48 m. 12 s.

10

E. McD. Bailey A. G. K. Brown s. e. W ooderson G. Hagg G. E. G. Reiff G. Hagg V. Heino E. Zatopek

220 440 880

"

2,000 I 3,000

" "

I

5,000 " 110,000 metres

i

!

Event

i 15,000

metres

.. .. .. . .. .. .. .

1 h. 17 m. 28.6 s.. M. Hietanen 10.2 s.

E. MeD. Bailey

15.. , 100 metres 200 400 800 1,000 1,500

,

20.9 s 46 s 1 m.

2 m.

3 m.

3 m.

5 m. .. 7 m. . 13 m. m. ..

46.6 s 21.3 s 43 s 43 s 7 s. .

58.8 s 58.2 s 2.6 s.

H. Kornig R. Harbig R. Harbig O. \V. Aberg G. Hagg L. Strand G. E. G. Reiff .. . G. E. G. Reil'f .. G. Hagg E. Zatopek

.. .. . .. . .

Time Height or

.

Belgium , ..

Sweden .

Finland ..

Czechoslovakia . . .. Finland .. Gt. ,Britain & N. Ireland . .. Germany ..... .. .. . . .. . .. Sweden .. .. Sweden . .. Belgium '::::::. .. .. Sweden I .. Czechoslovakia ..... 1

Holder

:::::::.1

Country

.. CzechoSlovakia 59 m. 51.6 s.

E. Zatopek ..

120,000 " 1 h. 20-111. 14 s M. Hietanen .. Finland i 25,000 1 h. 38 m. 54 s..... 1. Z. L. Maskatchenkov .. U.S.s.R .......

I 30,000 ..

E. Zatollek . CzechoI 1 hour ......... 20,052.40 m. slova..kia .....

(12 miles 809 yds.

2 ft.)

41.3 s English National Team i 4 x HO yards (E. McD. Bailey, i J.â&#x20AC;˘ Gre,gory, I A. W. Lillington, i n. Shenton) . Gt. Britain & N. Ireland ..

I 14 x 1 mile .. 16 m. 42.8 s......... Gavle Le. (I Bengtsson, H. Eriksson, O. Aberg, I G. Bergqvist) .. :Sweden ........

4 x 100 metres

4 x 400 metres....

4x800

44 m. 54.6 s.

Gt. Britain & N.lre1and ...

40.1 s

E. Zatopek

German National Team (E. Borchmeyer, G. Homberger, K. Neckermann, J. Scheuring)

23. 6.47

London ........... En.!J'land

13.

1.

20.

17.

26.

20.

1.

29.

London ...........

London ...........

London ...........

Malmo . ...........

Paris ..............

Gothenburg ....

Kouvola ..........

Boleslav ..........

5.50 8.38 8.38 7.45 8.52 9.42 9.49 9.51

23. 5.48 25. 8.51 19.

12.

15.

10.

7.

15.

29.

12.

20.

8.28 8.39 7.39 8.52 7.44 7.47 9.48 8.49 9.42 4. 8.50

Sweden France Sweden Finland Czechoslovakia Finland Gamlakarleby Belgrade ......... Yugoslavia

Berlin Frankfurt .......

Milan . .............

Copenhagen ....

Gothenburg ....

Malmo Brussels . ........

Gavle ..............

Gothenburg ....

Turku .............

Date 29. 9.51 29. 9.51 23. 5.48 3.10.51 29. 9..;1

7.52

5. 8.49

Germany Ita!): Denmark Belg'ium Sweden

Place Boleslav .......... Czechoslovakia Boleslav " Finland Gamlakarleby Moscow .......... U.S.S.Il. Cztcho¡ Boleslav . ........ slovakia

London

England

Stockholm ......

Sweden

Germany.....

29. 7.39

Berlin

Germany

Germany

27. 7.52

Helsinki

Finland

13. 9.46

Stockholm ......

3111. 6.6 s. ......... German National Team

(G. Steines, H. Geister, H. Ulzheimer, K. F. Haas)

7 111. 29 s. ..........

Swedish National Team Stein, O. Linden, S. Lindgard, L. Strand). Sweden

er.

1

Sweden

I

Event

Ti'lne Height al' 12ista nce

.

l:Io]der

...... .......

Countl)'

.

4 x 1500 metres ... 15 lll ..10.2 s........ Ga\'le Idrottsfoeming' . (1. Beng·tsson, E. O. G. Jkrgq\'is;)

120 ,.,d, 220 440

1'-4,

1 D.

',

2-1.1 s 51.9 s

"

110 met! es .........

, I A. E. ' T. F.

14 s. n.1i s 51.1i:i

200 .

4(X)

J.

Sweden

..E.S

GL .

B. Hildreth Filil'ut H, Lidman Lounev \V. Hollin/{ c. Ariion Filiput

Date

i

n,.".,,,

N. Ireland , " I Italy Sweden U.S.S.R Germany France Italy

.

3. 7.-19

&

1. 8,49

Place

,Gihle

00

Sweden

London Lundon

23. 6.51 8.10.50

.. .. .. .. . .. ..

-.10.49 9. 7.39 9. 9.48 8.10.50

Baracca Tbilisi Berlin Paris :\1ilan

.. &

1. 9.45 31. 5.52

!Ita] mu London

. .. .. . .. .. . . .. .. ..

9.

23.

3.

1.

1.

9.45 8.45 8.52 6.52 9.45

KumJa ;Stockholm \l arnall10, Buclapest

9.

11.

12.

3.

1.

9.45 9.51

22. 9.40

' !

England Italv Italy Germany France Italy

WALKING .! miles .......

12 nl. 4.; s 35 m. 15 s

5

i

7 ,t . 48 lll. 15,2 s .

10 miles . 1 h. 10 m. 558 s..

20 2 h. 39 m. 22.8 s..

4 h. 21 111. 12.6 s..

30 " 3,000 metres ...... 11 m, 51.8 s ..

5,000 20111. 26.8 S .

10,000 42 m. 39.6 s .

15,000 I h. 8 m. 8 s. , .

20,000 1 h. 32111. 28.4 S. • 30,000 2,h. 27 m. 42 s..... \50,000 ........ ; 4 h. 31 m. 21.6 s..

2

Hardmo F. Mikaelsson Li';lnggren Roka Hardlllo Hardmo Hardmo Junk J. F. Mikaelsson j. Ljunggren A. R6ka

Holder

2.04 m (6 it. 8i ill.)

7.90 m /' (25 ft. 11 in,)

I

i

I'

Long JumJl Hop, Step and Jump

i i

Pole Vault

i

..

..

: L. Long

L. S.::herbakov

l.i.70 m.

(51 ft. 6A in.)

4.44 m.

(14 it.

K.

THROWING Javelin Putting the Shot

. 78.70 m (258 it. 2 in.)

(55 it.

. 61-.25

1

6a in.)

5.;.47 m (181 it.

Finland

I

H. Lipp

6.52

21. 7.50 1. 8.52

I. , FlIlland

i Stockholm

:is .'

I I

,

I

I

ill.)

:

Del'!I' Ill.............

U. SS R

?l1n,cow

I'

.

Gt:'l"man)'

I

I Gavle

Sweden

! .

16.U1.38

Kotka

I

, Finlal'ld !,

,

! U.S.S.R. Italy

en

! Sweden

6. 8.50

i

.......... ; U.S.s.R.

I

,

,

A Consolini

d

I C.othenburg.... Swe( , Ien

1. 9.36

.

Sweden

S\vt.:den

Hungary Swede.1 Sweden Sweden U.S.S.R Sweden Sweden Hungary

IStockholm

15. 9.-15

..

Sweden Sweden

Place

1. 9.45

1. 8.37

i

Kumla Kumla Kharkov Vax.io Varnamo Budapest

7.42 S. 52

..

I

.. '1(,.93 m

Throwing the Discus ..

Throwing the Hammer

Y. Nlkkanen

1

Germany

T. R. Lundberg

in.)

!

!

Sw,d,n ··

,.. US,S.H..

SWtden England

Date

i Sweden

1

.

31. 7.45

Country

i113,812 m 1,02.; y.) ! J. F. MikaeJsson ·· ..· .. ·1 ii;;:;'1 o. A"dm;on

High Jump

Decathlon

Sweden Gt. Britain N.II·eland : Sweden I Sweden \ Sweden , HUllg-ary ' Sweden Sweden Sweden U.s.S.R. Sweden Sweden : Hungary 1

V. J. J. A. V. V. V. B.

Time Height or Distance

Event hour

V. HardlllO R. Hardy

..

23. 7.50

I

Rome

r

,

Italy

j Ill.

(200 it. 11 ill.) .. Points: 7824.5

(11.1; 7.48; 15..31;

1.80; 52.2; 15.8;

47.23; 3.43, 58.32; 4.58.8)

..

;;. Strandli

Norway

..

H. 9.52

Oslo

H. H. Si evert

Germany

..

7·8. 8.34

Hamburg

! Norway : Germany I

I

I

Time Height or Distance

1--

Event 1

HolUer

Country

Date

I

Place

WOMEN

I 100 yards 220 " 1880

1

1

\ 60 metres

100 200 1 800

F. E. Blallkers-Koen F. E. Blankers-Koen V. M. Ball

7.3 s 11.5 s 123.6 s 2 m. 8.5 s

" "

80 metres

10.8 s 24.2s 2 m. 14.5 s

-

1

I

S. \Va1asiewicz F. E. Blankers-Koen S. \Valasiewicz N. G'HP ..

1

F. E. Blallkers-Koen

11.0 s

1-.)

o

i

RUNNING

I

-

Netherlands.' 18. 5.44 Netherlands. 29. 6.50 Gt. Britain & 17. 9.52

Amsterdam Bresica London

Netherlands.

Poland U ..·'.S.R. S

24. 9.33 13. 6.48 15. 8.35 15.6.52

Lemberg Amsterdam \Varsaw ,· I I'dev

Netherlands.

20. 6.48

i Xether1ands I Italy ! England

i I:

: PolaJld ! ; Netherlands Poland US S R : .

Amsterdam .... ! X etherlands

RELAYS 4x

no yards

47.4 s

4 x 220

1 m. 41.4 s

i

3 x 880 4 x 100 metres

]11.

6s

45.9 s.

.. Nethedands Nat. Team (Blankers -Koell, Adema.

Tim111er, Kardys) . N etherlaJlds . W.A.A.A. Team (E. Cheesemall, B. Foster, M. Brian, D. G. Hall) .. Gt. Britain & N. Ireland . lIford A,. C. (D. Critchley, J. F. Gt. Britain & Dryden, P. E. M. Green) N. Ireland German National Team (V. Knab, M. Sander, Germany......

H. Klein, M. Petersen)

25. 7.48

I Pyswik

26. 9.51

London

28. 6.52

Iliord

27. 7.52

Helsinki

!

England

I

i

-

__

, Xetherlands

I

' England FiJlland

.., ----------;..:...--

"'.:

I Place 1==================================0__" "-======= Time Height or Distance

Evel1t

4 x 200 metres .....

3x800

Holder

Im. 39.7 s

Country

V.S.S.R. National Team (N. Hnakin3, E. I. Secenova, Z. M. Sofronova, S. R. Malsina) Southern' Counties W.A.A.l',. (Gt Britain & N.!. Team; (S. Hampton, .A. E. Johnson, J. F. Foulds S. Cheeseman)

..... 6 m. 49.6 s

Date

I U.S.S.R. ......

27. 9.51

I

I

Bucharest- ...... \ Roumania t

.

!

I

Gt. Britain & N. Ireland

17. 9.52

U.S.S.R. ......

24. 7.50

Moscow

Gt. Britain & N. Ireland F. E. Blankers·Koen ....... Netherlands.

7. 7.51

London

19. 9.43

Leiden

..

26. 7.52

Helsinki .........

Finland

.. US.s.R. ......

27. 5.51

Goru

U.S.S.R.

V.S.S.R. National Team (L. Sokolova, E. Vasiljeva, N. Kabysh)

London

: England ,

I !

US.S.R

JUMPING 1. 72 m

High Jump

.

Long Jump

.. 6.25 m (20 ft. 6 in.)

Putting the Shot Throwing the Discus Throwing t,he Javelin

(5 ft.

n in.)

'

..

S. Lerwill

England

THROWING 15.28111. in.)

(50 ft.

G. Zybina

53.37111.

(175 ft. 1 in.)

N. Dumbadze

.. 53.41m (175 ft. 2a in.)

Pentathlon ........ 418 points

' U.S.S.R

.. , ." I..ftt .'\.

Moscow .......... U S. S. R.

N. V. Smil'l1itskja

U,s.S.R.

G. MaUe1'l1layer

Germany..... 16-17. 7.48 , Stuttgart

5. 8.49

Germany

-Iv

OFFICIAL LIST OF OLYMPIC GAMES RECORDS MEN

hJ

I",)

(Recognised by the I.A.A.F. as at the 31st December, 1952) Time Heig,ht or Distance

Event

i 10..3 s.

100 mdreli 200

20.7 s.

400

45.9 s.

"

800

1,500

"

5,()()J

3

111.

45.2 s.

...... ' 14

111.

6.6 s

29

111.

17

10000

l3.7 s

..

111.

100 111.

4 x 400 m. Relay

.3 m. 3.9 s

High Jump

2.04 m (6

LO(lg

Jump

Hop, Step and Jump Fble Vault .

(53 ft.

I 4.55 m

:

I

In.)

DISCUS ···············1

ft.

(197 it.

7.3.78

Javelin ',,",eight I I

in.)

1932 1936 1948 193(,

.

1936

Berlin

Gernlany

.. .

1952

Helsinki

Finland

u.S'..-\. :::::::::

1952

Los Angeles Berlin London Berlin Helsinki ....•.....

1948

London

1952

"

England

i Fil;iand

Place

Date

Country

U.S.•-\ Germany England Germany Finland

..

1936

Berlin

: Germany

. A. F. da Silva

Brazil

.

1952

Helsinki

: Finland

. R. E. Richards

USA.

.

Ill......•.......

(242 ft. in.)

17.41 Ill ..........•••• (57 ft. in.)

7.887 points I (1950 Scoring I Table)

Place

U.S.A

.

..··· 60.34 m

Date

. U.S.A. . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S.A . Czecho· slovakia ..... . .. u.S'.A. ::::::::: . .. . ..

Holder

8.06 m (26 ft. SS in.)

16.22 m

I Hammer

Decathlon

it. 81 in.)

Time Height or

Event

Country

E. Zatopek . H. DilIard T. Davis .. C. H. :M:oore . T. F. Mikaelsson . V.S..-\. !.T. c. Owens, R. H. Metcalfe, F. Draper, F. C. Wykoff) U.;S.A . Jamaica . (A. S. Wint, L. A. Laing-, H. H.McKenley, V. G. Rhoden) . Jamaica . W. F. Davis . U.S.A

S

Hurdles.. 50.8 s \\Talk.. 45 m. 2.8 s Relay 39.8 s

111.

10,000

4x

E. Tolan T. C. Owens H. DilIard J. C. Owens A. W. Stanfield V. G. R,hoden H. H. McKenJey M. G. Whitfield M. G. Whit field J. Barthel R E. McMillen . E. Zatopek

1 m. 49.2 s.

110 m.

400

Holder

J. C.

Owens

S. Ine"

1

.

J. Csermak

Hungary

C. C. Young

U.S.A.

W. P. O'J3,.ien

.

.. R. 13. Mathias

..

.

"

"

Best performances in events where world records are not recognised3,000 metres

Steeplechase...... 8 m. 45.4 s.

Marathon (42,195 111.

26 miles 385 yd.) .2 h. 23 111. 3.2 s.

Road Walk 50,000 me\ res \ (31 miles 120 yd.)

I

4 h. 28 m. 7.8 s.

H. Ashenfelter

.

E. Zatopek

. CzeCfflOslovakia .....

G. Dordoni

D.S.A

Italy

.

.

]952

Helsinki

Finland

·.. ·······1

" "

I

I

"

Time Heig'ht or Distance

Event

Holder

Country

Date I

WOMEN

1100 md'" 200

. 11.5 23.4 80 m . .l"1urdJes . 10.9 4 x 100 m. Relay . 45.9 .Pr

..

High Jump .......

s s s s

1.68 m

(5 ft. 61 in.)

Long Jump \Veight Discus Javelin

.. 6.24 m.

(20 It. 5§ in.) .. 15.28 m.

(50 It. gin.) .. 51.42 m. (lA8 It. 8§ in.) ..

1:1.1·.·)

........1".,.--.----.----

-a ."

:J ,... :r OQ

.:

z

:...

.. M. Jackson . M. J ackson .. S. B. de la Hunty

. Australia ..... . Australia ..

V.S.A. (M. Faggs, n. Tones, J. MOlTeau, C. Hardy) V.S.A. Germany (D. Knab, M. Sander, H. Klein, M. Petersen) .. Germany .. .

•\.

Coachman . V.S.A .

D. J. B. Tyler . Gt. Britain & N. Ireland Y. \Villiams . New Zealand.

..

"

"

"

"

I

"

Helsinki

D.S.S.R.

G. Zybina N. Romaschkova \· D. Zatopkod.

_._-_.._

Helsinki

1952

..

Czechoslovakia .....

.

N

I

1952

1948

-

Place

"

1

.:::::::::. . ..

Finland

"

Finland

---

WORLD CHAMPIONSHIPS

INTERNATIONAL AMATEUR ATHLETIC

held in conjunction with the Olympic Games, Helsinki, 1952 '

FEDERATl!ON

(continued) I

1 \V O'B" _ . lien, V.S.A., 11.41 m.

(57 Ct. lA 2 C. Hooper, u.s..\., 17.39 : , T F h - US ft. " J .' ue '" . . A., 11.06 !l!.

DISCUS [to 11"

It is regretted that in the printing of the 1953 issue of the I.A.A.F. Handbook, two passages were omitted. An amendment slip is appended to cover these omissions and also three other corrections:

1.

Page 59, Rule 26.

1.

2.

Insert as the' opening line:

Insert paragraph 4:

4. The water jump shall be 3.66 metres (12 feet) in length and width. The water shall be 76 cm. (2 feet 6 inches) in depth immediately in front of the hurdle and slope to the level of the field at the further end.

The hurdle at the water jump shall be firmly fixed in front of the water and be of the same height as the others in the competition.

3.

4.

Page 61, Rule 27. Paragraphs 9, 10, 11 should be re-numbered 8, 9, and 10.

Page 69, Rule 34.

1tin.) read:

Paragraph 8: for 4 metres (l3ft.

Page 116, European Records. should be: 8 minutes 40.4 seconds.

1 S. Iness, U.S.A., 55.03111.

I

MARATHON 1 E. Z:itopek, Czechoslovakia,

I

The time for 2 miles

DECATHLON'

,

1

I

r

2 h. 23 lll. 3.2 s. ' Corna, Argent me, 2 h. 25 Ill. 35 s. .

2 r{.

3 R. Jansson, Sweden, 2 h. 26

lll.

7 s.

i

WOMEN .. 101 1 DM. HJaeksl?n, Aus,traha! 11.5 s.

2 .' a"enJager,'.s. AfrIca, 11.8 s.

3 S. B. de la Hunty, Australia, 11.9

M zOt METRES. Australia, 23./ s.

21 '}',' }ou"'-:I', Holland, 24.2 s.

3 Khnykllla; U.S.S.R., 24.2 s.

LONG JUMP'

f

11 Y. \Villiallls New Zealand 6 ' _

12 A. Chudin<i, U.S.S.R..

1 S.

'

m

'';j -•.

1.1.)

(ryo It Pin)

Grea't Ii J S. Cawlev, N. ireland 5.92 m ' . .

&' ..

.

•

,

(19 ft 5 in )

WEIGHT ,.

1 G. Z}'b'111 a , U .S.S.R., 15.28 111., 1 . ' / M. \\-'erner, Germany, 1 12 Ill.) 0:\1 ,... I b' I .

10.9 s. !

• .,; ; H7 ft. n,in.)

- • . ,,0 1I le lfIaJa, V.S.S.R. 11.1 s. r 3 K. Toehenova TT S S R' 1450- .

3 , . Sa nd CT, G ermany, 11.1 s .

(47 ft. 111.in.)

se METRES HURDLES S. n de la Hunty, Australia,

'I

4.02 metres (13 feet 2-!- inches).

S.

!

. .

(ISO ft. 6b in.) J 1 R. n. Mathias, U.S.A., 7887 points 2 A. Cansohlll, Italy, 53.78 tI1.

I2 V.S.A., 6975 points 1 T D'll VS (176 ft. in.) : J Fl. 51111I1>ons, U.S.A." 6i88 points, •• ' I 011, . • A., 53.28111.

I (1/4 ft. in.) :

The running track should be not less than 7.32

Page 64, Rule 29.

JAVELIN " " 73 -8' 1 . , ..•., (;' ry n. 1 . .

2 W. Miller, U.S.A.; 72.46-;' ft. " I,ll.)

In.) : ' . (237 ft 8,1 ill ) .

13 T. Hyytiiiinen, Fin:and, 71.89 .. In.) , , ( 2 3 5 ft. 10 ili.)

JIG. C. Young ·U S:\

in.)

I

x IN METRES RELAY S. ki,orreau, (MC' Faggs, B. ]ones, ,Har?y), • .4 A.

45.9

S.

... . ..., .

I.

J..

i

DISCiJS '

1 N. Ramaschkova U SS R 51 4? .' ··(i68·ft.

.

III

2H Germany (U.P Knab' M. Sander, '2 E BaO'rJ'anceva US S R 4- 08 Ill. ' 'L{ 0 , . • . .,' . K .em,.LV. etersen), 4.:>.9 s.

1 ; 0"4 ft -1' .

Britain & !'l Ireland (S.· 3 N. DUtI1badze. lJ.S.S.R., ':>41i 3 .

T Fou 1ds, J. Desforges (1"1 ft· 101' ) H. Arnlltage), 46.2 s; , Ill.

I

HIGH JUMP 1 E. Brand, S. A[rica, 1.67 tI1

C" [ 2 S Great Britain , _\ ,.... N· , Ire!al,!d! 65 rn. .1 • • '- 11(((l lIIa SKI , ,s .... ., .I,',•'".

.

,."

JAVELIN ! 1 D. Zatopkova, .

-11' ) ' SO.47 m. (16.:> ft. 7 III ) tll. ,2 A. Chudina, V S.S.R., SO Ol Ill• . .

5 in.) 3 E: Goreh;,ko... a US S R(l64 ft · 1 m) ' . . . . , 49•76 m. ,

(163 ft. 3 in.)