Índice Editorial.l. Fallacies 1 by Miguel A. Morra. A n the news Ayn Rand Center Latin America Por María Marty THE PHILOSOPHY OF AYN RAND WHAT IS OBJECTIVISM? Look to the embankments
future
beyond
the
By José Carlos Bourdin Seamless patches By Lia Monteagudo Stories Luminous Footprints By Constanza State addiction 2
By Diego LĂłpez Colombo Concepts Esotericism and exotericism By Raimundo Collado Reflections From my mom By : A happy woman !!! ÂżDoes anyone know how to make a sandwich? By Daniel Dorregaray Reflection in images. By social networks. Humor Riddles Uni2 The match What is Uni2? What sets Uni2 apart from other parties? Who is it?
What do we want in politics? Uni2 Santa Fe Communicational Coordination. Columnists Contact Archive Amo la Libertad Puzzle solution
4
Editorial. l. Fallacies 1 By Miguel A. Morra. A fallacy is misleading or invalid reasoning used to justify an idea. The trick is that for anyone distracted the fallacious argument seems valid but it is not . October 5 is anniversary of an event in 1975 that his account have changed, some "intellectuals" Argentineans , in a Fallacy immense . Episode Attack on the Monte 29 Infantry Regiment of Formosa. Operation Scoop. I remember in detail as well as the failure of the attackers, in his flight hijacked a plane of Aerolineas Argentinas and did land in a field near the city of Rafaela , where I live, so
it became a center of attraction on going to see a Boeing in the middle of a paddock and especially the work and subsequent expertise of those who , some time later, managed to make it take off again . Synthesizing, what happened was simple; A group of guerrillas calling themselves "Montoneros" who were murderers, kidnappers, terrorists and corrupt wanted to take over a military regiment to make weapons to improve their chances of fighting AGAINST A CONSTITUTIONAL GOVERNMENT and take power to install a Soviet or Cuban style dictatorship being they the leaders . The action had the help of a conscript soldier who betrayed his own by allowing armed guerrillas to enter the place. But the attempt failed thanks to the bravery of the other soldiers, who repelled the action, several at the cost of their own lives. 6
Fallacies and their representation a) "The guerrillas of the 70s fought against a dictatorship" b) "The dead attackers including the traitorous conscript are heroes and for this reason their names are in the park of memory" c) "The relatives of those killed by the dictatorship deserved retribution or compensation from the state for their hardships" The simple timeline proves that they were fighting against a CONSTITUTIONAL government, so they were not killed by a dictatorship but died in a CRIMINAL and TERRORIST act against their own homeland and they absolutely do not deserve any compensation or recognition. On the contrary, they would deserve the label of Traitors to the Nation
On the other hand, the defenders of the regiment and the homeland did not receive the recognition that they should have received. Nobody gives up here, shit! ", The cry of soldier Hermindo Luna before he was killed in Operation Primicia , which gave the others notice and time to start acting in defense.
8
Soldier Hermindo Luna screamed again . Because in the "Parque de la Memoria" in Buenos Aires there are homage to terrorists who murdered ten conscript soldiers from Formosa during a constitutional government? The soldier's sister asked.
https://youtu.be/OhKzT-c2NHw For this reason the cultural battle of AMO LA LIBERTAD against fallacies. Good reading!!!
10
A n the news Ayn Rand Center Latin America By MarĂa Marty It is an organization whose mission is to promote greater awareness, understanding and acceptance of the Objectivist philosophy in the region, in order to promote a culture guided by reason, self-interest, respect for individual rights and laissez capitalism -faire; a culture in which individuals are free to pursue their own happiness. THE PHILOSOPHY OF AYN RAND Ideas rule the world and your life. Latin America is the result of the philosophical ideas that most of its inhabitants have embraced, and there will be no long-term positive change as long as those ideas remain unchallenged and unchanged.
Latin America needs a philosophical revolution and Ayn Rand can provide us with the metaphysical, epistemological, ethical and political principles that are required to achieve it. But every great change begins with an individual change. Ayn Rand's philosophy is for you as a human being and as an individual; it is a tool for your thoughts, your emotions, your decisions and your actions to lead you to live a full life. That is why Ayn Rand called his philosophy "A philosophy for living on Earth." WHAT IS OBJECTIVISM? Objectivism is the name Ayn Rand gave to her philosophy, initially presented through the heroes of her famous novels The Spring (1943) and Atlas shrugged (1957), and later in various other books and essays.
12
Objectivism is a complete and integrated philosophical system; it is a set of ideas, of principles that define how man must think and act if he is to live the life of a man. For you as an individual, they are ideas that will help you prosper and be happy. This is how Ayn Rand herself describes Objectivism in her article "Introducing Objectivism," published in the Los Angeles Times on June 17, 1962: “At a sales conference at Random House, on the occasion of the publication of Atlas Shrugged, one of the booksellers asked me if I could present the essence of my philosophy while standing on one foot. I did it, like this: Metaphysics: Objective Reality Epistemology: Reason Ethics: Self-interest Politics: Capitalism
“If you want this translated into plain language, it would be: 1. "Nature, to be commanded, has to be obeyed", or "Desiring it will not make it come true." 2. "You can't have your cake and eat it at the same time." 3. "Man is an end in himself." 4. "Give me freedom or give me death." “If you kept these concepts with total consistency as the basis of your convictions, you would have a complete philosophical system to guide the course of your life. But keeping them consistently - understanding, defining, demonstrating, and applying them requires volumes of thought. And that is why philosophy cannot be discussed while one is 14
standing on one foot - nor with both feet on either side of each wall. The latter is the predominant philosophical position today, especially in the field of politics. “My philosophy, Objectivism, states that: Reality exists as something absolute and objective: the facts are the facts, regardless of men's emotions, desires, hopes, or fears. Reason (the faculty that identifies and integrates the material provided by man's senses) is man's only means of perceiving reality, his only source of knowledge, his only guide for action, and his basic means of survival. Man - every man - is an end in himself, not a means to the ends of others. He must exist for his own benefit, neither by sacrificing himself for others nor by sacrificing others for him. Pursuing your own rational interest and
your own happiness is the highest goal of your life. The ideal political-economic system is laissez-faire capitalism. It is a system in which men deal with one another, not as victims and executioners, nor as masters and slaves, but as merchants, by free exchange and voluntary consent for mutual benefit. It is a system in which no man can obtain any value from others by resorting to physical force, and no man can initiate the use of physical force against others. The government acts only as a policeman who protects the rights of man; use physical force only in retaliation and only against those who initiate its use, such as criminals or foreign invaders. 16
In a system of total capitalism, there
should be (but, historically, there has not yet been), a total separation between state and economy, in the same way and for the same reasons that there is separation between state and religion. " https://youtu.be/FhjP-CqKyTo President Ayn Rand Center Latin America
Look to the future beyond the embankments By JosĂŠ Carlos Bourdin Different Argentine provinces and communes have closed their borders with earth embankments or have established guard posts in which stoic provincial or municipal agents prevent the transit of citizens, even though they are exempted from isolation by the norms established by Decree 297 / 2020 that regulates social, preventive and compulsory isolation. Article 6 of the aforementioned decree establishes that "People affected by the activities and services declared essential in the emergency are exempt from compliance with social, preventive and mandatory isolation and the prohibition of driving, as detailed below" and follows a long list of essential activities and services, which has been updated over the months from March 2020 to date. Well, in some communes and provinces the restrictions on the movement of people are such that no one can enter or leave them 18
as if they were feudal territories or insurgent states. In extremes they allow the passage of essential workers, but sealing the doors of their vehicles to prevent them from having access to food or sanitary services on the road
However, the chronology of the progression of the pandemic allows us to look at Europe as through a time machine and observe that there were infections in all regions, provinces or communities of the states. In this case, we analyze the data for Spain and Italy in the attached graphs.
The least affected regions had at least 10% of the cases than those most affected by the disease, and the infection rate of the average of the cases was close to 50% of that of the most affected areas. The variability of the incidence rate may be attributable to geographic, demographic, accessibility to health services or other reasons, but regulatory or geographic barriers are permeable to the spread of the virus.
20
The time of occurrence of the cases can be delayed, but inevitably each region will have at least 10% of the cases than the one most affected..
To date, Argentina has six months to go to reach the epidemiological situation of European countries and it is likely to double the current average of 1,600 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. It is also very likely that the provinces and municipalities with an incidence rate of less than 10% of the cases in the most affected territories at the beginning of October 2020, will have new infections in the coming
months that will grow at a faster rate and they will reach at least 10% of the cases in the communities with the highest number of patients per inhabitant. The provinces of Santiago del Estero, San Luis, La Pampa, Corrientes, Formosa and Misiones, which are today the paradigm of the embankment policy, will not be able to avoid multiplying their incidence rate despite having breached the constitution and the laws in their eagerness to try to prevent the pandemic from knocking on their doors. If I were to put myself in the shoes of those who send jealously guarding the embankments, I would be very concerned about the information, which has just been published in the journal Nature, by the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig, in Germany, which has managed to relate the Genetic inheritance of Neanderthals, who lived more than 50,000 years ago , with those patients who need hospitalization for COVID-19.
22
"People who inherited this genetic variant are three times more likely to need artificial ventilation and 60% more likely to need hospitalization if they get the new SARSCoV-2 coronavirus."
The author is Surgeon (UNR) Magister clinical effectiveness (UBA) )
Seamless patches By Lia Monteagudo Measures isolated, inconclusive and disjointed, where, in the case of the field, not even fulfilled the promise of repayment of withholding those who sold less than 1 . 000 tn . soy Measures that indicate an Administration adrift and throwing blows into the air. There is no need for much evaluation, it is previously known that all the measures will be a resounding failure before being applied (in addition, announcement is one thing, implementation is quite another, as with the credits for motorcycles that in the BNA the Managers do not even have in the "radio corridor about it"), so that it is not necessary to do calculations and calculations or to set false expectations. The question that should really begin to be asked is that after this, that this new failure materializes , the AF Administration does not have any more "thread on the spool" and the question is what will AF do ? ... 24
The AF Administration was born unsuccessful and has been finished for months, it all depends on how long it can "buy", it will be very complex to reach the end of the year . S on measures of a finished Administration, adrift, ergo, failed before being born => the question is: "how does Argentina continue", because AF will not be able to remain in office, will have to "get sick, hand over the keys ... "Who, CFK?
Stories Luminous Footprints By Constanza Cecilia Grierson I tell you that Cecilia Grierson, despite the fact that she had tributes, a stamp in her honor and a portrait of her in the women's room of the pink house, is not as well known as it should be. His traces are marked by his studies, his militancy and his teaching fervor. She was the first doctor of Argentine nationality, she graduated at age 30, in 1889. She was born in Buenos Aires in 1859, daughter of a family of Scottish immigrants and died in 1934, her remains are in the British Cemetery in Buenos Aires. She was the oldest of six siblings and spent her childhood in her family's fields in Entre RĂos and Uruguay. As a teenager, and without a degree, she had to work as an elementary teacher to help her family, and later she achieved the enabling title. 26
Her vocation for medicine was awakened by the illness and death of a friend, which deeply impressed her and prompted her to overcome all the setbacks involved in studying a career like that, essentially male. She received and practiced the profession as an obstetrician and kinesiologist. She published specific books on those areas, but was unable to work as a surgeon, despite being the first woman to obtain the enabling degree, as being a woman was a major impediment at the time. Cecilia was a teacher of soul. She created schools and was a pioneer in teaching the blind, deaf, and children with disabilities. She founded the School and the Society of Home Economics in 1902, a precursor to the Home Technical School, the first in the country in this specialty, and promoted the study of childcare. She was a member of the National Board of Education from 1892 to 1899, and then traveled to Europe sent by the government. Upon his return he brought to the country a new professional curriculum.
She became president of the "Argentine Congress of University Women", which was founded by Elvira Rawson de Dellepiane in 1905. Cecilia fought intensely for the recognition of women's rights. Thanks to her study of the current Civil Code, an important change in the law was approved, which included rights for married women, who at that time had the same rights as a child, although it is difficult to believe today. He was also part of the Aves Argentinas association, Sociedad Ornitológica del Plata, to work in the conservation of birds and nature, perhaps due to the imprint of his childhood in Entre Ríos. He lived the last years of his life in the town of Los Cocos, in Córdoba, where he founded the first school. His house, "El Espinillo", and his car are preserved in the motorcycle and antique museum in Cruz Grande. Until the next footprints! Constanza is a teacher 28
State addiction By Diego LĂłpez Colombo “Addiction is a progressive, chronic disease characterized by the urgent need to obsessively and compulsively consume or use any type of activity or object. This need continues despite the negative consequences suffered, leading to a progressive and noticeable deterioration. " This definition is applicable with indisputable rigor to the sad history of decadence that Argentina suffered more than 100 years ago. Faced with each crisis, the addiction to the State appears and is reinforced. In a vast majority, beyond all cracks, the people (politicians, voters, journalists, businessmen, etc. - hardly anyone is saved-) put the state at the center of the scene, the government of the day, as part of the solution. They demand and expect an economic plan from the State. This "drug" is never questioned, only the dosage is discussed.
"For those who only have a hammer, everything is a nail." So that there are no doubts that this analogy fits perfectly with the Argentine reality, and that of a long list of countries in the world, consider the following. "This disease has characteristics and consequences at a mental, emotional, physical, behavioral and social level." Namely: - IMMEDIATE: always looking for a solution (a pleasure or goal) in the short term, at the expense of the long term. In other words, the future is mortgaged. That translated into a society means that a government leaves a major crisis to its successor. But what is worse and much more serious and unforgivable, a generation leaves a worse country to its children and these to their grandchildren. - DENIAL: what is evident is denied, the actions were never a remedy, but they aggravate the situation. A matter that is 30
undeniable and palpable without an iota of doubt. What greater example than the general decline of millions of people, year after year? Others - ILLUSION OF CONTROL - SELECTIVE MEMORY - OBSESSION - etc. "The addict needs to consume more and more to obtain the same results, which leads to an increasing increase in the dose and the loss process." Call it inflation, hyperinflation, tax increases, higher public spending, state growth, growth of controls, corralito, corralรณn, forced savings, stocks, and a long list of etc ... And as if this were not enough, the same process that leads the addict to repeat the same action over and over again because he has immediate relief in exchange for longterm deterioration; recovery requires just the opposite.
Displeasure in the short term, to obtain positive results in the long term. That is, wisdom, effort and patience. Absolutely rare virtues in an addicted society and a speculative and power-hungry political class. In the name of immediacy, that poverty cannot wait, we have been waiting for more than 100 years; and multiplying poverty. We must understand once and for all that in economics the State is not the solution, but the problem. Stop condemning your children to poverty greater than yours. End the addiction, grow up !!! KEEP ECONOMY!
THE
STATE
OUT
OF
THE
The author is Objectivist Philosophy Specialist
32
Concepts Esotericism and exotericism By Raimundo Collado A single letter differentiates the two words, but the meaning is very different. Possibly the conceptual and ontological distance at the same time, which is commonly established between these two terms, is not so long or so deep. Esotericism is the complete or interior Knowledge, while Exotericism is nothing more than its exteriorization, the covering; it can be said that the conception that esotericism and exotericism represent is the result of the very nature of things. If understood in this way, there is in all Metaphysical Doctrine something that will always be esoteric and it is the inexpressible or veiled part of the teaching that contains a conception within the Mystery, it is something that each one can conceive for himself, with the help of the words and symbols that serve as a fulcrum for understanding.
Any doctrine will be more or less complete and deep according to the degree of understanding of the person who studies it conscientiously, for this reason their scope extends to the truly mysterious in the etymological sense of the word, "the one who really understands, he who knows how to see farther than words �and it could be said that the" Spirit "of any doctrine is esoteric in nature, while its" letter "is exoteric in nature, this would be applicable to all Traditional Sacred Texts. Thus the M ∴ manifests itself externally through its different Rites, external manifestations, which are apparently different in form, but which are not fundamentally ; An exoteric manifestation of the Masonic Order is also the material visibility of the Temples, captured by our bodily senses.However, whatever the outward manifestation of the Rites of the M sea may be , call it the York Rite, the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite, the Modern French Rite, the Memphis Rite, the Mizraim Rite, etc., basically all these Rites or manifestations external or exoteric, have a common principle, 34
which are the Ancient Boundaries or unwritten Laws that are immutable and in these Boundaries or unwritten Laws of the M ∴ , at its highest levels it constitutes the esoteric foundation of our Order, foundation and base. of any Rite that is practiced and whatever the external manifestation, that is, exoteric, of the Masonic Temples in their general guidelines. Therefore, the external manifestation of the Rites or external material forms of the Masonic Temples, constitute an exoteric manifestation.- The esotericism of the principles and foundations of the M ∴ is intimate and immutable, constituting, as it were, the Fifth Essence of our Augusta Order, René Guénon (ABD AL-WAHID YAHIA) says: “One could, without a doubt, but in a much broader sense, consider an esotericism and an exotericism in any doctrine, if the conception and expression are distinguished in it, being the The first is completely interior, while the second is nothing more than its exteriorization; It is also possible, strictly speaking, but departing from the usual sense, to say that the conception represents esotericism, and the expression exotericism,
and this in a necessary way, which results from the very nature of things. If understood in this way, there is particularly in all metaphysical doctrine something that will always be esoteric, and it is the part of the inexpressible that essentially contains every truly metaphysical conception; It is something that each one can conceive for himself, with the help of the words and symbols that simply serve as a point of support for his conception, and his understanding of the doctrine will be more or less complete and deep according to the extent to which the will conceive effectively. Also in doctrines of another order, the scope of which does not extend to what is truly and absolutely inexpressible, and which is the "mystery" in the etymological sense of the word, it is no less true that the expression is never completely adequate to conception, so that, in a much smaller proportion, something analogous is produced here: the one who really understands is always the one who knows how to see farther than words and it could be said that the "spirit" of any doctrine is 36
of the nature esoteric, while its "letter" is exoteric in nature ”. Quotations of this type can be multiplied in the Guenonian work and can be found in different books, among them Aperçus sur l'initiation (1947): "religion considers only the being in the individual human state and in no way aims to make it come out of him, but on the contrary tries to assure him the most favorable conditions in that same state, while the initiation essentially aims to overcome the possibilities of this state and make the passage to the higher states effectively possible and eventually lead to the to be beyond all conditioned state, whatever it may be "and in Fundamental Symbols of Sacred Science, in the two volumes of his Etudes sur la FrancMaçonnerie et le Compagnonnage, etc. in particular in the study called "Christianity and Initiation" by Aperçus sur l'ésoterisme Chrétien,. But returning to the theme of the esoteric and the exoteric, or if you like metaphysics and religion, that does not mean that the horizontal is not a reflection of the vertical, and that therefore in the horizontal
there are no means to apprehend the vertical. vertical, a question known to all gnosis. Hence, the exoteric rite is a powerful means to vivify the esoteric, although the esoteric is already known to us, due to the same need to update it permanently. If the exoteric depends on the esoteric, and the initiation is effective or in the process of doing so, the exoteric is not essential, although it is necessary or useful for some who feel it is essential. A more comprehensive definition of esotericism, from my personal point of view, is that it corresponds to veiled knowledge, which is acquired only through initiation, whose contents imply a transcendent vision of man in his spiritual condition , which is understood constituted by a perfectible consciousness, in a gradual and ascending way. The main characteristic of mystery, in esotericism, is that it allows it to be penetrated, to become, from that moment on, knowledge. In this way, esotericism is made up of a set of mysteries that, according to the degree or level, will be knowable. 38
Thus, the value of the mystery is in the contents that each grade or level has, to be known by those who have the competence or the preparation for it. In this context, there will be mysteries that will be revealed by those who precede him in the grade or level, and there will be mysteries that, with certain tools, the recipient must know by his own activity or action. So, esotericism becomes a pedagogy in the most exact sense. BIBLIOGRAPHY:
Aperçus sur l'initiation Fundamental Symbols of Sacred Science Etudes sur la Franc-Maçonnerie et le Compagnonnage Aperçus sur l'ésoterisme Chrétien By Réné Guénon.
Reflections From my mom By : A happy woman !!! My mom had a lot of problems. She didn't sleep and felt exhausted. She was irritable, grumpy and bitter. She was always sick, until one day, suddenly, she changed. The situation was the same, but she was different. One day, my dad told him: Love, I've been looking for a job for three months and I haven't found anything, I'm going to have a few beers with friends. My mom replied: Okay. My brother told her: Mom, I'm doing poorly in all subjects at the University ... My mother replied: Okay, you'll recover, and if you don't, then you repeat the semester, but you pay the tuition My sister said: Mom, I crashed the car. My mom replied: -
40
It's okay daughter, take it to the workshop, find how to pay and while they fix it, get around by bus or subway. Her daughter-in-law told her: - Motherin-law, I am here to spend a few months with you. My mom answered: Okay, get comfortable on the living room chair and look for some blankets in the closet All of us at my mother's house met worried when we saw these reactions. We suspected that he had gone to the doctor and prescribed some pills of * "I don't give a damn 1000 mg" * He was probably taking an overdose too. We then proposed to do an "intervention" on my mother to keep her away from any possible addiction she had to an antitantrum medication. But what was the surprise, when we all gathered around her and my mother explained to us: It took me a long time to realize that everyone is responsible for their life, it took me
years to discover that my anguish, my mortification, my depression, my anger, my insomnia and my stress, did not solve their problems but worsened mine. I am not responsible for the actions of others, but I am responsible for the reactions that I express to that. Therefore, I came to the conclusion that my duty to myself is to remain calm and let each one solve what corresponds to him. I have taken courses in yoga, meditation, miracles, human development, mental hygiene, vibration and neurolinguistic programming, and in all of them, I found a common denominator: they all ultimately lead to the same point. And, is that I can only interfere with myself, you have all the necessary resources to solve your own lives. I will only be able to give you my advice if you ask me for it and it is up to you to follow it or not. So, from now on, I cease to be: the receptacle of their responsibilities, the sack of 42
their faults, the laundress of their remorse, the lawyer of their faults, the wall of their laments, the depositary of their duties, whoever solve your problems or your spare tire to fulfill your responsibilities. From now on, I declare you all independent and self-sufficient adults . Everyone at my mom's house was speechless. From that day on, the family began to function better, because everyone in the house knows exactly what they are supposed to do. Author: A HAPPY WOMAN !!! Who read Ayn Rand
ÂżDoes anyone know how to make a sandwich? By Daniel Dorregaray Last night I come home after work, tired, hungry. I open the refrigerator to see that I can eat dinner and find that there is not much, just enough to make a sandwich. Some bread, some lettuce leaves, tomato, mayonnaise, cheese and some cold cuts. Preparing it was simple and quick, but even faster it reached its stomach destination. However, in the final bite, a question struck me out of the blue: how did this sandwich come to me? Sounds too easy a question to answer, right? I'm just going to buy the ingredients and prepare it. Simple, easy and fast. But if we make a more thorough analysis, the reality is much more complex and the answer equally overwhelming.
44
There is not, there was not and there will not be a single person on earth who knows how to make a sandwich. This sounds not very credible, doesn't it? Especially considering the millions of sandwiches that are produced daily. But‌. Let's think about the process of making bread . The wheat that is used comes from some field in the southwest of the province of Buenos Aires, Santa Fe, Córdoba or perhaps imported. Let us now contemplate all those elements that the task of sowing, harvesting and transporting wheat requires. The huge tractors plowing the land, automatic seeders, gleaners gathering the wheat, etc. Think of all the people and the countless techniques that went into making these machines: the extraction of iron ore in distant mountains, the production of steel and its conversion into saws, shafts, motors, bearings. Incalculable people have only intervened in the manufacture of mate,
bombilla and yerba that farmers drink during their moments of rest. You have to wait six months to collect the wheat grain, in that period the plant went through the dangers posed by hail, drought, excessive rains, diseases and numerous plagues in the field. All that time, knowledge and experience are the basic foundation of my sandwich. Now let's think about the milk that is used for cheese . The countless people involved in raising and feeding the cows, the veterinarians who keep them healthy, and the enormous time and knowledge invested in the vaccines they use. The wood for corral posts comes from trees planted 30 years earlier by logging companies. The people who poured the concrete to build the nuclear power plant that produces the energy for the farms and factories. The metallurgical employees who manufactured the tubes that allow the extraction and transport of the gas that heats the furnaces to carry out pasteurization. The 46
same tubes that carry oil to refineries where the fuel is produced that allows trucks to transport wheat flour and milk to bakeries. Much the same could be said for the production and distribution of lettuce and tomato. What to say about mayonnaise and its basic components: oil, egg yolks, vinegar and salt. Imagine the work, time, and number of people required to sow, harvest, press, pack, and distribute just the sunflower or olive oil that mayonnaise needs. What to say about the truckers and their trucks that tirelessly travel hundreds of kilometers to reach the salt flats in the center of the Andes of Jujuy and take the salt to the processing and refining centers. The same for each of the other products. The plastic wrappers , bags and containers of these products need to be manufactured by hundreds of people and hightech machinery drilling oil wells in the most remote places on the planet.
At this point, can you challenge my initial claim that no individual on earth knows how to make a sandwich? In fact, thousands of human beings have participated in the creation of my sandwich, each of whom knows a few and at the same time is unaware of thousands or millions of other individuals who work together to bring my sandwich to life. Despite this, I insist on affirming the above: There is not a single individual among all those thousands of beings who contributes to the preparation of the sandwich more than with an infinitesimal part of the required knowledge. The only difference that exists between the farmer in Santa Fe, the worker on an oil rig in the Arctic Ocean or the engineer in charge of the Yacyretรก hydroelectric plant is in the type of knowledge that each one possesses. Here is an astonishing fact: neither the farmer; nor those who drive or manufacture the ships or trains or trucks; nor the bakers or greengrocers; not even those who put 48
hydroelectric plants into operation do their job because they are thinking about the sandwich. They can only think of it when they are hungry but never take into account that they are part of their manufacturing process. There is an even more astonishing fact: the absence of a mastermind, of someone dictating or forcibly directing all these countless actions that allow a sandwich to come to life. Not the slightest trace of such a kind of person can be found. Instead, we find Adam Smith's Invisible Hand working tirelessly through the mechanism of prices, losses, and gains. Friedrich Hayek called this process where multitudes of people cooperate with each other, for their own benefit, and indirectly contributing to an unknown end for the benefit of all others. It is interesting, as a mental exercise, to think not about how something as simple as a sandwich got into our hands, but about how the computer or the smartphone where you are reading this arrived, or the car on the
sidewalk, the plane that took you or will take you on vacation at some point, or the hundreds of satellites that orbit the earth and allow us to enjoy television, radio and GPS. (My humble rewrite of "I, the pencil" by Leonard Reed)
50
Reflection in images. By social networks.
52
Humor A few weeks ago I went to eat with some friends and I overdid myself with the wine, so when it was time to return I decided to go home by bus. The experience was really pleasant, but now I don't know what to do with it (it was on my doorstep) and I don't remember where I got it from . ------------------------------------------------A lady who wanted to buy a talking parrot goes to the pet store. The person who attends her tells her that she only has one parrot and that it had belonged to the owner of a brothel, which is why it had a highly prosaic vocabulary. The buyer did not care because she planned to re-educate him, so she bought it. Once in the house, the parrot begins: - New house, new madam. The lady laughs and waits anxiously for her daughters to come home from school. The parrot when seeing them says:
- New house, new madam, new ladies. Daughters find it funny too. Later the husband arrives and the parrot says: - New house, new madame, new ladies, same clients ... Hi Rigoberto!
54
Riddles From 1 to 9 all give 6 Put the mathematical signs that are necessary to convert the following expressions into certain 111=6 222=6 333=6 444=6 555=6 666=6 777=6 888=6 999=6
Solutions at the end
Uni2 The party What is Uni2? Unidos is a political party that intends to recover the ideas that made our country a power and to position freedom again as the fundamental pillar for life in society, economic development and institutional quality. We believe that the key to reversing Argentina's decline is in respect for individual rights, equality before the law, private initiative and the right of each person to seek their own happiness. What sets Uni2 apart from other parties? Internal democracy: the end of the sheet list is one of the fundamental commitments in the creation of Unidos. Any affiliate of the party who so wishes may be a candidate, from an internal election where the Single Transferable Vote (VUT) system will channel the opinions of the members and define those selected for the list and the order in which they will be located. The intolerable 56
practice of “hand-picking� candidates for elective office is avoided. Openness: solid internal democracy guarantees the possibility that any citizen who shares the principles enshrined by the party can join. The intention is to help the ideological space never be divided into elections. The guarantees for those who wish to enter and participate in the internal elections will be the same as for those who already take part. In this way, the party will consolidate itself as a lasting institution, a tool for union and a guarantee of representativeness. Antipersonalism: the internal division of powers from which the executive authorities of the party will not be able to run for elective positions guarantees that no personalism acquires a preponderant role, remaining as the central axis the ideas that the party promotes in its declaration of principles and its bases of political action. Innovation: attentive to technological advances and the context in which it arises, those of us who constitute Unidos are aware of the need to adopt technology in their daily
operations, and for this we are dedicated to the development of a mobile application. This app will be the vehicle for affiliates to actively participate and decide in internal elections to define pre-candidates. Who is it? We are, quite simply, ordinary people of all ages, who work and study like any other, who enter politics from personal detachment, thinking that Argentina is being changed by a change in Society. We want a change from the roots for Argentina, and we decided to bring the ideas of freedom to the political arena, to allow development and improve the quality of life. What do we want in politics? Our incorporation into the National Congress, the provincial legislatures and the deliberative councils in each municipality will give the space and the entire ideological sector an exponential boost. With a legislative presence, it will be possible to propose real turns in public policy, and give the ideas of
58
freedom a visibility and impact unprecedented in recent years. We invite you to join this proposal. In the following link you can see all the information. https://unidosargentina.org/index.html
Something new is needed. ------------------------------------------------A good test if you are interested in knowing your ideological preferences; https://www.testpolitico.com/ -------------------------------------------------
Uni2 Santa Fe Communicational Coordination. Jose Brunello
Columnists Publisher: Miguel A. Morra Translation: Mariano Flores Maria Marty. With stanza Raimundo Collado Jose Carlos Bourdin Diego Lopez Colombo Daniel Dorregaray Lia Monteagudo To communicate by articles;; WA +54 3492 520854 Facebok https://www.facebook.com/Miguel.A.Morra/
60
Contact Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/Uni2-ArgentinaSanta-Fe-109998170725956 Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/uni2santafe/
Archive Amo la Libertad Click on the link for the monthly on Amazon. https://www.amazon.com/hz/wishlist/ ls/3TQFMF3EDMMU?type=wishlist&filter=all &sort=default&viewType=list Podcast of some magazine articles: https://anchor.fm/mam4
62
Link to read them in e-book https://issuu.com/home/published To download them in pdf Click on the directory Revists file https://drive.google.com/drive/folders /1VBjtldP6oqMyE2CvRwx9dP7y7YVMATCt?us p=sharing
Puzzle solution
(1 + 1 + 1)! = 6 2 + 2 + 2 3 * 3 - 3
= =
6 6
raiz(4) + raiz(4) + raiz(4) 5 / 5 + 5
=
6
6 * 6 / 6
=
6
7 - 7 / 7
=
6
=
6
raiz cubica(8) + raiz cubica(8) + raiz cubica(8) = 6 raiz(9) * raiz(9) - raiz(9)
=
6
----------------------------------------
64