AUTOMOTIVE RENAISSANCETOM PARRYYEAR 5 @unit14_ucl UNIT Y5 TP
THE
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Cover design by Charlie Harris
www.bartlett.ucl.ac.uk/architecture
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The Bartlett School of Architecture, UCL All rights reserved.
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THE AUTOMOTIVE RENAISSANCE
BRITISH LEYLAND REBUILT
Birmingham, England, UK
TThe project follows the narrative of the UK’s need to reclaim its lost manufacturing sector, as it adapts to changing trade dependencies and the need for economic specialisation. In response, the former national conglomerate, British Leyland, is revived to fill the void that once was the British automotive industry, as a strategy to spark a manufacturing renaissance. As the UK’s historic centre of the automotive industry, Birmingham is the natural home to locate the new British Leyland headquarters.
The project itself seeks to embody the automotive renaissance brought about by a revived British Leyland through its Birmingham headquarters. In partnership with HS2 and Formula E racing, would become a multifaceted hub of automotive activity in the centre of Birmingham. As the destination gateway into Birmingham via HS2, the project links directly to the rest of the UK with ease, while the spectacle and competitive nature of Formula E drives automotive innovation, demonstrated on an international stage.
While embodying the symbolic headquarters of British Leyland, as it is compartmentally diversified throughout the city, the building itself is a figurehead of new technologies and practices of the industry. The public journey of the building enables visitors to customise and create their own cars as they become integrated in the manufacturing process, while exploring British Leyland’s heritage and contemporary collections. Constructed from mass timber glulam and CLT, the structure reflects both the contrast of nature and machinery, while also demonstrating the shift towards an environmentally conscious industry. The building form’s transparencies intend to merge with the site and showcase the industry, as the building becomes an all-encompassing shelter for its multifaceted programmes.
TOM PARRY YEAR 5
Y5 TP
ArtefactStudies+DesignFragments InitialConceptResearch
01
KnownsimplyasTimberBridgeinGulou Waterfront,thisstructurebyLUOStudiosisa primeexampleofcontemporarymasstimber architecturethatevokestraditionaldesign. Builtin2022,thepedestrianbridgeemploysa kitofpartssystemassembledatoptraditional archedspanningbeamstoenablepassageof boatsbeneath,whilealsoenhancingstructure.
Intendedtodifferentiatefromlocalurban constructionsthroughitsuseoftradtional timbermaterialandstructuralelements, thebridgegivesconsiderationtoits contextinbothdesignandnon-invasive construction,assembledwithsteelbolts.
TimberBridgeinGulouWaterfront,LUO TIMBER BRIDGE
TimberBridgeinGulouWaterfront,LUO INTERLOCKING TIMBER SYSTEM
The4marchingstructure,formedbythree parallelbeamsspanning25.2m,enableslevel changesthroughoutthebridge,creatinga centralplatformalongwithplatformsateach end.Theshelteredinteriorspacegivesgreater opportunitytoinhabitthebridge,givinga senseofceremonywhencrossing.
TimberBridgeinGulouWaterfront,LUO STRUCTURAL FRAGMENT
ExplodedanalysisoftheTimberBridge’skitofpartsassembly.Examining themodularprefabricationoftimbercomponentsbeingassmbledin repeatingformationtocreateacomplexyetsimplestructuralexpression.
TimberBridgeinGulouWaterfront,LUO COMPONENT ASSEMBLY
Anexperimentalfragmentinextractingthe TimberBridge’skitofpartsstructure,seeing howprefabricatedsmallerpartsmightbe assembledtoformlargerstructuralelements.
DesignFragmentOne EXTRACTED STRUCTURE STUDY
ReinterpretingthestructureofTimberBridge again,ontoalargerscalewheretheexpression ofrepetitionissimplifiedandcondensedto formalargeA-framestructure.
DesignFragmentTwo SCALED STRUCTURAL FRAGMENT
RefiningthetimberA-frameexplored previously,creatingmodularstructural elementsfromprefabricatedsmallertimber compnonents,combinedtoformatruss systemwhenassembledinalinearformtion.
DesignFragmentThree TIMBER A-FRAME COLUMNS
Thetraditionalmethodofinterlockingtimberstructuralcomponentsonwhich TimberBridgeisbased,DougongistheancientChinesesystemofinterlocking timberbracketstoenhancestructuralcapacities.Recognisedalsoforits culturalimplicationsandtraditions,dougongstructuresavoidanyadditional fixingdevices,relyingonprecisecarpentry.
Theincreasingsurfaceareaandstructuraljunctionsprovidedbythedougong atopacolumnenablesgreaterloadbearingcapacityfromthesinglecolumn, creatingamorestablebaseonwhichtosupportroofandfloorbeams.
DougongStructuralSystem DOUGONG COLUMN STUDY
DougongStructuralSystem INTERLOCKING MODULAR BRACKETS
Acontemporaryinterpretationofdougong,simplifingthe bracketelementsintotwotypes,eachofwhichfollowinga simplicityofformtoassembleintoacomplexgeometry. Whileappliedtoatable,theextractionofkeyprinciples fromdougonginthisformcanbeenhancethroughease ofprefabricationandmodulardesign.
TheDougongTable,MianWei SIMPLIFIED CONTEMPORARY INTERPRETATION
Aninterpretationofthedougongsystemwherebythesurfacearea increasesexponentiallywithheight,utilisingdowelassembleyto enhancestructuralcapability.Alsoenablingfloorbeamstoextrude atvariouslevelswherenecessary,creatingacomplexformfroma kitofpartsthatmightbeadaptedwherenecessary.
DesignFragmentFive DOWEL + BRACKET COLUMN
DesignFragmentFive DOWEL ASSEMBLY DETAILS
Auniquestructuralsystemcomprisedentirelyof timber,withoutsteeljointsorbraces,eachcolumnis adjoinedtotwoparallelbeamsoneitherside,joined byanovalbeamthatslotsthroughtheseelementsto formarigidjoint.
InitialConceptResearch | TamediaNewOfficeBuilding,ShigeruBan
FULLY TIMBER STRUCTURE + JOINTS
Thebuilding’sstructuralsystemperformssimilarlytothatof anenlargedkitofparts,utilisingrigidjointstoavoidexcess components.Thelargespanningwidthofthebeamsisenabled throughthesmallerendscectionsoftheloadbearingbeams beingsupportedbytwosetsofcolumns,alsoformingasan intermediatespaceforthebuilding.
InitialConceptResearch | TamediaNewOfficeBuilding,ShigeruBan PREFABRICATED TIMBER
MASS TIMBER MaterialResearch Panellised Mass Timber Volumetric Modular Post and Beam Facade Panels Internal Walls Columns External Walls Suspended Floors Facade Panels Volumetric Modules Floors Beams Internal Walls Typical Structural Systems Timber Flooring Glulam Column Glulam Beam Engineered Bolts 7-Ply CLT Steel Plate Joint Steel Bracket Exploded Fragment Assembled Fragment Black and White Building Fragment LaminatedVeneerLumber - LVL Application Beam / Column / Cord Interior Usage MassPlywoodPanel - MPP Application Roof / Wall / Floor Interior / Exterior Usage ParallelStrandLumber - PSL Application Beam / Column Interior Usage LaminatedStrandLumber - LSL Application Beam / Wall Interior Usage NailLaminatedTimber - NLT Application Roof / Wall / Floor Interior / Exterior Usage GlueLaminatedTimber - Glulam Application Beam (long span) / High Loading Interior / Exterior Usage CrossLaminatedTimber - CLT Application Roof / Wall / Floor Interior / Exterior Usage DowelLaminatedTimber - DLT Application Roof / Wall / Floor Interior / Exterior Usage Mass
Timber Types
PASSIVE FIRE DESIGN MaterialResearch 25mm dry screed 12mm recycled rubber sound absorption layer 60mm flooring grade rigid wood fibre insulation Breathable floor protection membrane 30mm fire protection boarding 75mm sheepwool insulation within 95mm cavity 130mm (5 ply) CLT
90minsFR 60minsFR Typical Floor Buildup
CLTFloorwithExposedSoffit CLTFloorwithSuspendedCeiling
Pyrolysis gases
Leading edge
at ceiling Thin initial char layer
Unburnt fuel on the floor
Leading edge
Burnt
Trailing edge at ceiling Flaming region Growingcharlayer Flaming CLT Aheadoffire Smouldering char Well-developedthickercharlayer Heat radiation FIRE SPREAD Fire Spread Dynamics
Cold wood Consumed wood Heated zone Char layer b b B B d D d D Charring Barrier
Trailing edge
out fuel on the floor
ExposedGlulamBeamSupportingFloorSlab FullyExposedGlulamBeam
c.3,200 BCE CHARIOTS Ancient Greeks repurpose potter’s wheels.
1884 PETROL ENGINE The first internal combustion engine invented by Edward Butler.
Invented
SELF-DRIVING Google begins its self-driving car project.
TESLA AUTOPILOT
Bothcarsandarchitecturehave undergonehistoriesofevolution andrefinement,influencedbut culturalandtechnologicalchanges.
BRICK c.9,000 BCE
Sun baked clay bricks first appearing in the Middle East.
TIMBER c.8,500 BCE
Earliest recorded wooden hut unearthed in England.
GRANITE, LIMESTONE c.3,100 BCE
Ancient Egyptians the first to use stone structures.
MARBLE c.650 BCE
Ancient Greeks begin building their temples from granit.
Evolutionofbothcarsand architecturehasbeendriven bybothvisualaestheticsand technologicalperformance.
Thecontemporaryfocusofcars beingintergrationofdigital technologiesandsoftwaretomeet usercomfortandsafety,where architectutrealsostrivestoimprove environmentalcomfortand imrpovedfunctionalityofbuildings.
CONCRETE c.20
Developed by the Romans and decribed in recipe by Vitruvius.
GLASS c.100
First appearing in Roman-era Egypt as flattened brown glass.
IRON c.700
Used as a primary structural material by the Tang Dynasty.
IRON (REINVENTED) 1775
Rediscovered as a construction material in England.
Sustainabilityineachindustry hasbecomeasignificantfactor; wherecarsareincreasingly electricpoweredandlightweight toimprovefuelefficiency,biomaterialssuchasmasstimberare growinginusefortheirrecognised sustainabilityandstructural performance.
ENGINEERED TIMBER 1852
First used in England but later poplised by Otto Hetzer.
ASBESTOS 1866
First use as an insulative and fire resistance material in building.
STEEL 1890
Modernised for construction and replacing iron.
PVC 1926
Part of the 20th Century discovery and research into plastics.
REINFORCED CONCRETE 1950
Tensile strength added to concrete with iron/steel.
FLOAT GLASS 1959
Enabling mass production of high quality large glass panes.
TENSILE PLASTIC 1967
PVC tensile membranes displayed at the 1967 Expo in Canada.
ETFE 1982
First used as a building material by Stefan Lehnert.
MASS TIMBER 1998
Cross laminated timber developed by Gerhard Schickhofer
AUTOMOTIVE + ARCHITECTURE EVOLUTION Automotive+Architecture TechnologyinAutomobiles 19 TH CENTURY EARLY 20 TH CENTURY 21 ST CENTURY MID TO LATE 20 TH CENTURY PREHISTORIC
1911
1886 MOTOR CAR Karl Benz patents an automobile powered by a petrol engine. 1891 ELECTRIC VEHICLES Viable electric vehicles introduced but forgotten by the 1930s.
ELECTRIC IGNITION
by Charles Kettering and first used in 1912 Cadilacs. 1908 FORD MODEL T A mass production car developed by Henry Ford. 1926 POWER STEERING
Invented by Francis W. Davis but not used until 25 years later. 1953 AIR CONDITIONING Installed by Chrysler, set to low, medium or high. 1959 SEAT BELTS
1971
safety
1973
toxic emissions from exhaust fumes. 1988
Originally
drivers only. 1994
2000s
hybrid
industry
2010s
Driver safety
such
traffic alerts
2014
Autopilot steering technology is released commercially. 1890 s 1930 s 1960 s 1990 s 2010 s 2020 s MaterialinArchitecture ANCIENT CIVILISATION 19 TH CENTURY 20 TH CENTURY INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION PREHISTORIC
Invented by Volvo and given to other car makers for free.
ANTI-LOCK BREAKS Developed as a standard
feature.
CATALYTIC CONVERTER Reducing
AIRBAGS
introduced for
ON-BOARD DIAGNOSTICS On board computers to diagnose repair issues.
ELECTRIC + HYBRID REVIVAL The electric and
vehicle
is revived internationally. 2009
DRIVER ASSIT FEATURES
features
as
and 360 sensors.
CONTEMPORRY MODERNISM BAROQUE RENAISSANCE GOTHIC CLASSICAL
LightWeight MassProduction MassCustomisation
StageOne RawMaterialSourcing
StageTwo
ManufacturingProcesses
StageThree
Transportation+Logistics
StageFour
Construction+Installation
StageFive
EndofLifeScenarios
Laminated Veneer Lumber - LVL Mass Plywood Panel - MPP Parallel Strand Lumber - PSL
Strand Lumber - LSL
Laminated Timber - CLT
Laminated Timber - DLT
Laminated Timber - NLT
Laminated Timber - Glulam Peeling ~1.1m
wood
mass timber ~1.8m
2m 3 of wood per 1m
of mass timber Sawing Wood Products Wood Chips + Sawdust 60% 40% CLT Panel Material Efficiency -7% Veneers Timber Drying,
Drying, Planing + Grading
Drying
Bioenergy Production ~2.8m
-
of wood per
of mass timber Logs Sustainable Forestry Reforestation Afforestation Imports Bioenergy Production Non-Timber Forest Products Carbon Sequestering Recreation + Ecotourism Pulp + Paper 15%
Laminated
Cross
Dowel
Nail
Glue
31.4m 3 of
per 1m 3 of
3
3
Cutting + Sorting
Stranding Strands
+ Sorting
3
2.9m 3
1m 3
Imports Construction Prefabrication End of Life Reuse Material Recycling End of Life Disposal Bioenergy Production
MODULAR MASS TIMBER PRODUCTION Automotive+Architecture
PressShops
BodyShops
a. On-Site BodyFabrication+Assembly
1a. Press Shops Smallermetalworkproduction ofcarbodycomponents.
2a. Body Shops Assemblyofcomponentsto createcarbodyskeleton.
3a. E-Coat + Wash
4a. Paint + Coatings Dippingofassembledmetal bodyinprotectivecoatings. Spraypaintingandheatdrying ofbody+additionaltouches.
5. Final Assembly Assemblyofbody,chassisand othercomponents.
6. Inspection + Testing
7. Shipping + Sales Finalqualitycontrolinspections andperformancetesting. Logisticalorganisationand transportofcarstodistribution andsalescentres.
E-Coat+Wash Paint+Coatings
b. Off-Site PowertrainAssembly+Testing
1b. Metalworking Fabricationofmetalworkengine andchassiscomponents.
2b. Parts Wash Industrialcleaningof componentstoensurethey functionandfit.
3b. Powertrain Assembly Finishedassemblyofcarengine andchassis.
4b. Testing Qualitycontroltestingof electricalandmechanical components.
Raw Materials
Comparisonofthesupplychainsandproduction processesofmasstimberandcars,whereboth followstandardisedlinesofproductiontocreatea modularfinalproduct.Thedevelopmentofspecialised manufacturing,suchasCNCmachining,usedinboth allowingforgreaterprecisionandmaterialefficiency.
FinalAssembly Inspection+Testing
Stage4a
Stage1a Stage2a Stage3a
Stage5 Stage6
Raw
Outsourced Components
Materials
Outsourced Components Outsourced Components
MODULAR CAR PRODUCTION Automotive+Architecture
NarrativeContext MadeInBritain
02
WhereoncemanufacturingwasastapleoftheBritisheconomy,ithasbeeninconstantdeclinesince the1970s,primarilyduetoashiftintotertiaryserviceindustries.WhilethevalueofUKmanufacturing hasremainedsomewhatconsistentandlabourproductivityisincreasingmoresothattheUKaverage, thisisduetoafocusonspecialistmanufacturing.Employmenthasfallenby60%since1979and manufacturingcomprisesjust10%ofthewholeeceonomy.
THE DECLINE OF BRITISH MANUFACTURING BritishManufacturing 14.0bn £ Scotland 180,000 6.5% 11.0% 45.6% 2020:5.6 | 2021:4.5 7.1bn £ NorthEast 115,000 9.6% 14.8% 61.7% 2020:6.0 | 2021:6.3
£ NorthernIreland 89,000 10.2% 14.3% 54.9% 2020:3.9* *averageforprevioustwoquarters 24.2bn £ NorthWest 318,000 8.8% 15.5% 46.4% 2020:6.1 | 2021:6.2 17.5bn £ WestMidlands 323,000 11.0% 14.8% 47.0% 2020:5.9 | 2021:6.4 9.4bn £ Wales 156,000 10.7% 16.8% 67.1% 2020:5.9 | 2021:6.7 12.5bn £ SouthWest 236,000 7.9% 10.5% 41.7% 2020:6.2 | 2021:6.0 15.5bn £ Yorkshire+Humber 293,000 10.6% 15.0% 55.0% 2020:5.7 | 2021:6.1 15.9bn £ EastMidlands 293,000 12.4% 17.1% 52.3% 2020:5.7 | 2021:6.6 16.7bn £ EastofEngland 217,000 6.9% 12.2% 52.6% 2020:6.1 | 2021:5.7 8.3bn £ London 127,000 2.2% 2.3% 43.4% 2020:6.3 | 2021:6.4 19.0bn £ SouthEast 279,000 5.6% 7.8% 48.8% 2020:6.3 | 2021:6.4
ManufacturingOutput £ EmploymentinManufacturing Manufacturing%ofTotalEmployment %ofRegionalOutput %ofManufacturedEUExports 2020/21:BusinessConfidenceIndicator BusinessConfidenceIndicator Comparedtooneyearago Solidcoloursonmap Positiverelativechangeinconfidence(upperquartile) Negativerelativechangeinconfidence(lowerquartile) Nodataavailable Textiles,wearingapparel Computer,electronic,opticalandelectricalproducts AllManufacturing Rubberandplasticproducts,andothernon-metallicmineralproducts Transportequipment Chemicalandpharmaceuticalproducts Coke,refinedpetroliumproductsandothermanufacturing Basicmetalsandmetalproducts Machineryandequipment Foodproducts,beveragesandtobacco Woodandpaperproducts,andprinting -100% -90% -80% -70% -60% -40% -20% -50% -30% -10% 0% Reduction in Jobs Manufacturing GVA Since 1970 1970 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1975 £60bn £140bn 20 £200bn 35 £155bn 29% 26% 23% 18% 10% +£7bn -£1bn +£26bn -£41bn £161bn £186bn £145bn £40bn £120bn 15 £180bn 30 £20bn £100bn 10 £160bn 25 0 £80bn 5 0 -3% -2% -5% -8% Manufacturing GVA % of Total GVA Labour Productivity 1948-2013 Manufacturing Services WholeEconomy 1948 1958 1963 1968 1973 1978 1983 1988 1993 1998 2003 2008 2013 1953 400 700 300 600 200 500 0 100 1948 = 100
4.8bn
ManufacturingClusters North-SouthDivide Automotive(SMMT) Food+Drink(FDF) Chemicals(CIA) Aerospace+Defence(ADS) Pharmaceutical(ABPI) RegionDataKey
UnitedStates
2023Rank: 2nd
WorldTotal: 16.6%
AnnualValue: $2.5tn
Automobiles, Chemical, Food Products,Military,Aircraft
MineralFuels,Lubricants,Food, TransportEquipment,Machinery
ShareofManufacturinginGDP
Manufacturingcomprisesunitsengagedinthe physicalorchemicaltransformationofmaterials, substancesorcomponentsintonewproducts.
2021 Solidcoloursonmap
2023Rank:
Agricultural,Machinery,Aircraft, HyrdocarbonProducts Chemicals,ManufacturedGoods, FoodProducts
2023Rank: 7th
Textiles,Vehicles,Chemical, MetalProducts
MotorVehicles,Electrical Machinery,ManufacturedMetals
As the UK has shifted to a focus on an economy of services over goods, its specialism in manufacturing has shifted relative to the rest of the world. Vehicles (£34.9bn) and engineered goods (£32.8bn) are the UK’sprimaryexportedgoods,however,invaluetheystilllackconsiderablybehindbusiness(£176.3bn)and financial(£78.2bn)servicesexported. UK’s Position in Global Manufacturing
Agricultural,Textiles,Leather, Chemical,EngineeringGoods
Vehicles,Chemical,Electronics, ComputerParts
SouthKorea
2023Rank: 5th WorldTotal: 3.0% AnnualValue: $0.46tn
TechnologicalProducts,Machinery, Petrolium,Automobiles
WhiledomesticproductionwithintheUKhasrapidlydecreasedsincethe90s,thevalueof thosegoodsisstillsubstantialenoughtoplaceithighlyintheglobaltable,althoughthis tooisgraduallingfallinginrecentyears. UK Manufacturing Output Rankings
Manufacturing by Output (GVA)
DuetothevalueofgoodsproducedbytheUK,moresothanitphysicaloutput,ithasconsistentlyplacedwithinthetop11countries.ThreeofthetoptenbeingEUcountries,the UKisplacedinmoredirectcompetition.
as Share of
Between1970and1995,theUKandChinawerecomparableinmanufacturingoutput,but aseachfocusedmoresooneithergoodsorservices,avastdisparityhasemergedwiththe UKeversincedeclining.
BritishManufacturing
PRODUCTION 16th 12th 8th 4th 15th 11th 7th 3rd 14th 10th 6th 2nd 13th 9th 5th 1st Canada Mexico France Germany Russia Indonesia Italy Japan Taiwan Brazil India US Spain UK SouthKorea China 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
GLOBAL
Manufacturing
Total 1970 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 1975 1980 1985 2000 1990 2005 1995 2010 US China UK 1 20 40 60 80 100 120 1970 2010 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
World
GVA PerCaptia %NationalGVA
WorldTotal:
AnnualValue: $0.45tn
2023Rank: 6th
3.0%
WorldTotal:
AnnualValue: $0.28tn
2.3%
8th WorldTotal: 1.9% AnnualValue: $0.27tn 2023Rank: 9th WorldTotal: 1.8% AnnualValue: $0.26tn
WorldTotal: 1.5% AnnualValue: $0.26tn 2023Rank: 4th WorldTotal: 5.8% AnnualValue: $0.75tn India Italy France UnitedKingdom Mexico Germany
2023Rank: 10th
Nodataavailable 30%+ 25-30% 20-25% 15-20% 10-15% 5-10% 0-5%
2023Rank: 1st WorldTotal: 28.4% AnnualValue: $4.98tn China Commercial,Textiles,Electronics,
WorldTotal:
AnnualValue:
Japan
Garments 2023Rank: 3rd
7.2%
$1.03tn
Annual GDP per Capita
SincetheUKlefttheEUin2016,ithasexperiencedmuchslowergrowthcomparedtootherG7 economies,withinvestmentintheUKhavingplateauedthenfallenintheyearsfollowing.Trade dependancywiththeEUalsoseestheUKimportingsignificantlymorethanexportswiththevast majorityofEUmembers,hamperedbytheinabilitytocompeteinmanufacturingproduction.
1st Germany -£22.3bn
2nd Spain -£12.1bn
3rd Belgium -£10.7bn
4th Netherlands -£9.8bn
5th Poland -£6.9bn
6th Italy -£5.3bn
7th France -£4.9bn
8th CzechRep. -£3.6bn
9th Hungary
-£2.6bn
10th Portugal -£2.5bn
11th Austria -£2.3bn
12th Sweden -£2.2bn
13th Slovakia -£1.8bn
14th Denmark -£1.5bn
15th Romania -£1.5bn
16th Greece -£1.0bn
17th Bulgaria -£0.6bn
18th Latvia -£0.5bn
19th Lithuania -£0.5bn
20th Croatia -£0.4bn
21st Estonia
£0.0bn
22nd Slovenia
£0.0bn
23rd Finland
£0.1bn
24th Cyprus
£0.7bn
25th Malta
£1.3bn
26th Luxembourg
£1.6bn
27th Ireland
£10.0bn
UK-EUTradeBalances UnitedKingdom
EU: <-£10bn
EU: -£10bnto£0
EU: £0to£10bn Europe(Non-EU)
POST-BREXIT BRITAIN EconomicDivide
US EU27 Italy UK Japan Canada Germany France 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 100 105 110 95 90 2016 = 100 Business Investment in UK and EU UKBusiness Investment EUBusiness Investment UKpre-2016 Trend Q1/2009 Q4/2012 Q3/2016 Q2/2020 Q2/2010 Q1/2014 Q4/2017 Q3/2021 Q3/2011 Q2/2015 Q1/2019 Q4/2022 100 140 120 160 170 90 130 110 150 Q1/2009 = 100
Britain’s least economically successful towns
The southern regions of the UK are generally considered the more affluent, which is reflected in average household incomes. Thenorth-southdividethatexistsbothpoliticallyandculturallyis reinforcedintheUK’sinequitabledistributionofwealth.
most economically successful
THE NORTH-SOUTH DIVIDE EconomicDivide Cambridge 79.5years Liverpool 75.7years Life Expectancy Healthcare Withlessinvestmentandlowerqualityhealthcare,lifeexpectancyand qualityofhealthisreflectedinthis,dividingthenorthandsouthregions entirely. Life expectancy Healthy life expectancy Years SouthEast SouthWest EastofEngland London EastMidlands WestMidlands YorkshireandTheHumber NorthWest NorthEast 0 10 20 30 South North 40 50 60 70 80 South North London £9,176 Yorkshire EastMidlands £7,623 £6,983 Government Spending per Person Employment Economy Growth(2008-2018) SouthWest SouthEast London EastofEngland WestMidlands EastMidlands YorkshireandTheHumber NorthWest NorthEast NorthernIreland Scotland Wales England UK(excl.London) 0 10% 20%
general government spending per region, employment andeconomicgrowthforthesouthtendstobelargerthanthenorth, contributingtothewealthdivide.
Reflecting
Economy + Employment
84.3% £12,543 North East 96.2% £14,301 Scotland -
Cambridge - Oxford - Reading - Aldershot
Hull
Britain’s
towns: - Sunderland - Blackburn - Liverpool -
%ofUKaverage 84-89.9% 90-95.9% 96-101.9% 102-107.9% 108-113.9% 120%+ North-SouthDivide 114-119.9%
UK
88.2% £13,115 Yorkshire + Humber 86.8% £12,910 Northern Ireland 90.0% £13,386 North West 89.7% £13,337 West Midlands 87.9% £13,073 Wales 98.7% £14,680 South West 91.5% £13,611 East Midlands 104.3% £15,509 East of England 128.0% £19,038 London 112.9% £16,792 South East Sunderland Cambridge Hull Reading Blackburn Oxford Liverpool Aldershot NORTH SOUTH
£14,872
Average
Pharmaceutical (ABPI)
Aerospace (ADS)
TheManufacturingFive
Automotive (SMMT)
Chemicals (CIA)
Food+Drink (FDF)
TheManufacturingFive–theAssociationoftheBritishPharmaceuticalIndustry(ABPI),ADS,theChemicalIndustriesAssociation(CIA),theFoodandDrinkFederation(FDF)and theSocietyofMotorManufacturersandTraders(SMMT)–makerecommendationsonhowGovernmentcanworkwiththemtoseizeneweconomicopportunities,sustainjobs, anddelivergrowthandprosperity
1.LevellingUptheWholeUK
“Developtheinfrastructure,skillsandincentivestodevelopnewclustersofadvancedmanufacturingacrosstheUK.”
Itiscrucialforthegovernmenttopromoteinvestmentinadvancedmanufacturingtofulfillitscommitmenttolevelingupthenation.Suchinvestmentholdsthepotentialto positiontheUKcompetitivelyamonggloballeaders.Establishedmanufacturinghubsofexcellence,liketheautomotivesectorintheWestMidlands,Clydeshipyards,andthe chemicalindustryintheNortheast,playavitalroleinsupportingextensiveregionalsupplychainsandemployment.
2.AchievingNet ZeroTogether
“ScaleupandenhancetheindustrialenergytransformationfundtodeliverprogresstowardsNetZero.”
Thecollaborativeaspirationtodecarbonizebothproductandproductionprocessesiswidelyembracedwithinadvancedmanufacturing.WhiletheUKgovernmenthasestablished ambitioustargets,realisingthesegoalsnecessitatesaclosepartnershipwiththeindustry.Giventheenergy-intensivenatureofcomplexmanufacturing,itisimperativefortheUK toremaincompetitiveandseizeemerginglow-carbonprospects.CompaniescontemplatinginvestmentsintheUKprioritizefactorssuchasenergycostsandsecurity.
3.BuildingaScienceSuperpower
“ExpandincentivestoattractsignificantR&Dinvestment.”
Aspiringtoallocate2.4%oftheGDPtoResearchandDevelopment(R&D)withthegoalofbecominga“ScienceSuperpower”necessitatesacollaborativeeffortbetweenthe governmentandtheindustry,coupledwithfocusedinitiatives.Thedecisionsmadebymanufacturersintheirinvestmentstodaywillshapethetrajectoryofthenextdecadeof financialcommitments.TofosterR&Dinvestment,thegovernmentshouldbroadenincentives,incorporatingcapitalasaqualifyingexpenditureunderR&Dtaxcredits.
4.Designing+MaintainingWorld-ClassRegulatoryFrameworks
“EstablishacoherentstrategyfortheUK’sregulatorapproachformanufacturingsectors,thatdeliversalevelplayingfield andmaintainsthehigheststandardsofqualityandsafety.”
ThegovernmentshoulddefinetransparentguidelinesforeffectiveregulationwithintheemergingregulatorylandscapeoftheUK.Theseguidelinesshouldprioritizeminimizing businesscostsandthoughtfullyaddressanypotentialinternational,regional,ordevolvedvariationsthatcouldaffectcompetitivenessorposeobstaclestotradewithcrucial partners.Domesticdivergenceshouldonlyoccurwhennecessaryorwhenadistinctadvantage,identifiedincollaborationwithindustry,isevident.
5.SupportingInternationalLeadership+GlobalBritain
“Placeadvancedmanufacturingattheforefrontofalong-termExportStrategy,developedwiththeindustry.”
Tofostermanufacturinginvestmentininfrastructure,machinery,equipment,andresearchanddevelopment(R&D),thegovernmentshouldestablishaninternationallyappealing fiscalenvironment.Specifically,maintaininggloballycompetitivebusinesstaxes,enhancingsupportforplant,machinery,andequipmentthroughcapitalallowancesandbusiness rates,andbroadeningthescopeofthepatentboxtoencompassabroaderspectrumofIntellectualPropertywouldbeinstrumentalinachievingthisgoal.
UK MANUFACTURING SECTOR POLICIES BritishManufacturing
775,014
Despiteadeclineinmanufacturingacrossgeneral UKandautomotiveindustries,knowledgeand skillsincarproductionhasbeenretainedand expandedasspecialistmanufacturersareprevalent throughouttheUK.
CarProduction2018: 449,304
CarProduction2018: 442,254
CarProduction2018: 234,138
CarProduction2018: 129,070
CarProduction2018: 160,676
CarProduction2018: 77,481 JaguarLandRover
Sunderland Nissan CastleBromwich JLR CastleSolihull JLR HamsHall BMW* Dagenham Ford* Swindon Honda Oxford Mini(BMW) Bridgend Ford* Deeside Toyota* Halewood JLR EllesmerePort Vauxhall MajorPremiumand SportsCarManufacturers 7 DesignCentres 9 BusandCoach Manufacturers 8 CommercialVehicle Manufacturers 4 Engine Manufacturers 10 MainstreamCar Manufacturers 4 R&DCentres 22 SpecialistCar Manufacturers 60+ SpecialistCar Manufacturers 2,500+
UK Car Production Plants
Mini(BMW) Honda Nissan Toyota Vauxhall Halewood | Castle Bromwich | Solihull Oxford Swindon
Sunderland Burnaston, Deeside Ellesmere
2021
(closed in 2021)
Port British Automotive at a Glance £67billion Turnover
2022
1,614,063 New Cars Registered
Cars built in 2022 130+ Countries Exported To 101,600 Commercial Vehicles Built 2022
2022
Built 2022
THE BRITISH AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY AutomotiveBritain Ferry
606,838 Cars Exported
1,614,063 Engines
780,000 Employment Across UK Auto
MainRoad Motorway Railway(moretracks) Railway(fewertracks) TransportKey *Engine manufacture only
Top10CarExportMarkets
ShareofUKCarExportstoEachMarket,2019
UK’s Automotive Exports
TradedependancywiththeEUisexhibitedfullyintheautomotiveindustry,withmorethanhalfofUKcar exportsbeingtotheEU.ThisalsoposesthechallengeofcompetitionwithEuropeanbrands,wherefarmore carproductionplantsexistintheEU,albeitthattheUKdoescontainmoreplantsthantheaverageEUcountry. ThisdemonstratestheUK’sstrengthofpositionwhenapproachingaregenerationofcarmanufacturingand theleverageithasovertheEUmarket.
THE EU AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY AutomotiveBritain
19% 55% EU US 2.2% Canada 5.3% China 1.9% Australia 3.2% Japan 1.2% South Korea 1% Russia 1.2% Ukraine 1.2% Israel 11.2% of UK manufactured cars sold domestically
UK-Made Cars Exported 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 2009 2013 2011 2015 2017 2010 2014 2012 2016 2018 RestofWorld EU UKCarExports(000units)2018 Japan Canada Russia L.America S.Korea US Others Asia-Pacific EU China Turkey -2% -3% -8% -10% -11% -19% -39% +42% +42% +42% +42% 2017-18Change 1.8% 1.5% 1.8% 1.8% 2.0% 2.0% 3.4% 3.4% 6.3% 17% 59% EU US China %ofTotalExports UK-EU Vehicle Trade Revenue Renault-Nissan PSA BMW Group Daimler Ford Toyota Hyundai-Kia Ceely Honda FCA Suzuki Aston Martin Ferrari McLaren Iveco McLaren Morgan Isuzu VW Group JLR 16.2bn 13.5bn 12.8bn 11.3bn 10.2bn 7.9bn 6.0bn 4.2bn 2.1bn 2.0bn 2.0bn 1.1bn 355m 325m 205m 181m 106m 45m 15m 113k EU Car Production Plants Stellantis 25 Europe Plants 2 UK Plants BMW(incl.Mini+RollsRoyce) 7 Europe Plants 3 UK Plants Volkswagen(incl.Bentley) 22 Europe Plants 1 UK Plant Ford 6 Europe Plants 1 UK Plant Renault-Nissan-Mitsubishi 12 Europe Plants 1 UK Plant Geely(incl.Volvo,Lotus+LEVC) 4 Europe Plants 2 UK Plants Paccar(incl.DAF+LeylandTrucks) 3 Europe Plants 1 UK Plant Toyota 5 Europe Plants 2 UK Plants JaguarLandRover 5 Europe Plants 4 UK Plants Honda 1 Europe Plants 0 UK Plants
RevivingBritishLeyland
Narrative+Brief
03
TriumphvAustin vMorrisvMG
RovervJaguar
Internally CompetingMarques
Unsuitable PipelineofDesigns
Outdated Marques
National CompetitionUptake
Competitive Weaknesses
InheritedIssues
Unrealised EconomiesofScale
Internal Managment FalteringSales Damaged Reputation
International CompetitionUptake
UnabletoFollow DesignTrends
Investment Control
Approaching CriticalFailure
1968-74
Persistent UnionAction StrainedInter-Factory Relations
Manufacturing
SinglePointof FailureProduction
Confusing MarketingStrategies
InitialSuccessWithFailedLongevity
MorrisMarina+Austin AllegroModelLaunches
PlantClosures
MarquesRetired
Restructuring Nationalisation
Divestments
TheRyder Report
Waltonvs BritishLeyland
Collapse
1975-86
MarqueSales 7Divisions Reducedto4
AlthoughithadthepotentialtobringtheUKinto anewautomotiveera,speculatedtodominate theglobalmarket,thecreationofBritishLeyland wasdestinedtofailunderaseriesofinternal mismanagementissuesandexternalfactors.
ShiftingFocuson IndividualMarques
Reversingand ContradictingPolicies
Constant Rebranding
ShiftingFocuson BritishLeylandBrand
RISE + FALL OF BRITISH LEYLAND HistoricContext
Division: Austin-Morris
Class: CityCar(A)
BodyStyle: 2-doorsaloon/convertable/estate /van/coupeutility Production: 5+millioncars
UKAssembly: LongbridgePlant,Birmingham Accolades: SecondMostInfluentialCarofthe 20thCentury
Division: SpecialistDivision
Class: SportsCar
BodyStyle: 2-seatsportsconvertible/roadster Production: 314,332cars
UKAssembly: Canley,Coventry Accolades: Numerousstreetandrallyracingwins
Division: SpecialistDivision/Austin-Morris
Class: ExecutiveCar(E)
BodyStyle: 5-doorhatchback/fastback Production: 303,345cars
UKAssembly: CastleBromwich;Cowley,Oxford; Solihull Accolades: EuropeanCaroftheYear,1977
Division: Austin-Morris
Class: SportsCar
BodyStyle: Varying Production: 514,852cars
UKAssembly: LongbridgePlant,Birmingham; Abingdon
Division: Austin-Morris
Class: SmallFamilyCar
BodyStyle: 2-door/4-doorsaloon/3-doorestate Production: 642,350cars
UKAssembly: LongbridgePlant,Birmingham Accolades: Fifth-bestsellingnewcarinBritain,1979
TIMELINE OF MARQUES HistoricContext Although officially formed in 1968, British Leyland was a conglomerate created from a history of mergers, takeovers and buyouts of many car brands and marques since the start of the British automotive industry; a portfoliothatultimatelyleadtoitsdownfall. StarleyandSutton 1877 Leyland 1896 RoverGroup Rover MG LandRover BritishLeyland 1968 Standard 1903 Triumph 1923 Morris 1912 BMH 1966 BMC 1966 Nuffield Wolseley 1896 Riley 1898 Austin 1905 VandenPlas 1913 1944 1927 1938 1931 1955 1960 1952 1946 1961 1987 1984 1963 1967 Land Rover 1948 Rover 1904 MG 1923 Austin-Healey Daimler 1896 Lanchester 1896 Jaguar 1931 1984 1975 1969 1971 1987 1980 1984 Merged Discontinued Sold RoverGroup Key
ClassicMini TriumphSpitfire RoverSD1 MGMGB AustinAllegro Morris 1959-2000 Triumph 1962-1980 Rover 1976-1986 MG 1963-1980 Austin 1973-1982
BRITISH LEYLAND
1. Political Intervention
Throughgovernmentintervention,BritishLeylandisrebuilttofill themanufacturingvoidoftheUKinanattempttorevitalisethe economyofthecountryandparticularlythenorth.
5. Intelligent, Electric + Autonomous Cars
Afocusondevelopingaffordableeverymancarsthatincorporate theforefrontoftechnologies,emphasisingstustainabilityascars looktobecomewhollyelectricwithautonomouscapabilities.
2. Consolidating Marques
Former iconic marques must be consolidated under the single bannerofBritishLeyland,beingrevivedoracquiredasnecessary torebuildthestrengthandinfluenceofthebrand.
3. At Home in the Midlands
As the spiritual home of automotive manufacturing, the headquartersofBritishLeylandistoreturntothemidlandsand Birmingham,astheepicentreofamanufacturingrevival.
6. Education + Training
Ensuring that skills and education excel in design and manufacturing in the revived automotive industry through intergrationthroughoutallstagesofthesupplychain.
ExemplifyingthecompetitiveexcellenceofBritishLeylandagainst internationalcompetingbrandsthroughspecicalentertainment andpromotionnofFormulaEracing.
4. British Leyland Design Hub
Learningpaststagnationleadingtocollapse,designinnovation shall be at the centre of the new British Layland, wit hits headquartersservingasaDesignHubtoensureprosperity.
PartneringwithHS2asthegatewaytothemidlandsandthenorth fromLondonintoBirmingham,combiningtheHS2stationwith BritishLeyland’sHQtoformthesymbolicunityofthenation.
REVIVAL STRATEGIES Strategy
7. Formula E Team
8. HS2 Partnership
ROVER
The British Icon Is REBORN BRITISH LEYLAND Affordable. Electric. Iconic. Classic
BRITISH LEYLAND
Seen An Affordable Luxury Sports Car? SPITFIRE
Have Now
Never
You
Which Allegro Will You Choose?
BRITISH LEYLAND BRITISH LEYLAND BRITISH LEYLAND Allegro Allegro Allegro This One? This One???
Tested On The Track. Applied To YOUR Car.
BRITISH LEYLAND PRECISION ENGINEERING.
“LeadershipandInnovation”
Reinforcingourleadership,brandreputationandcredibilitythoughtheadoptionofthe bestinternationallyrecognisedstandardsforsustainableeventmanagementandenvironmentalexcellenceinsportingevents.
“EnvironmentalExcellence”
ImplementingUnitedNationsSustainableDevelopmentGoalswithinourenvironmental strategyandalignourcarbonemissionsontoclimatescience.
“SocialProgess”
Buildingmoreinclusive,resilientanddiversecommunitieswithinourhostcitiesthrough theimplementationofourstrategicengagementplan.
“CreatingValueThroughValues”
EnhancingourTeamsandPartnersbrandvisibilityandreputationbydevelopingbespokesustainabilitycampaignsandactivations.
FIA Sponsorship
SponsorshipwithFormulaE’srulingbody,theFIA,asanopportunitytoaccessthecompetitive spectical of racing to both demonstrate and promote British Leyland’s engineering superiority againstitsdirectEuropeancompetitorsinapublicsportssetting.
FormulaE,Established2014
10thSeasonofRacingin2023-24
17RacesAcross11VenuesperSeason
MixofTemporaryCity-CentreStreetCircuits+ TraditionalRacingCircuits
RacingSessionsTakePlaceOver1or2Days
PreviousBritishCircuits:
BatterseaParkStreetCircuit
Active 2015to2016
Length 2.925km
NumberofCorners 15
Direction Anticlockwise LapRecord 1:24.150
DoningtonParkCircuit
Active 1977topresent Length 4.023km
NumberofCorners 11
Direction Anticlockwise LapRecord 1:17.707
LondonExCelTrack
Active 2019topresent Length 2.090km
NumberofCorners 20
Direction Anticlockwise
LapRecord 1:21.554
Establishment of a new Formula E circuit in the heart of Birmingham, starting at British Leyland’s DesignHub,bringingthespecticalofracingdirectlytopublicengagementtofostergreaterinterest andinvolvementintherevitalisedautomotiveindustry.
CreationofaBritishLeylandFormulaEracingteamasawayofbothdemonstratingitsengineering capabilities,whilealsoactingasavesselthroughwhichtotestandenhancenewtechnologiesand methodswhichmaythenbebroughtintotheproductionofconsumervehicles.
FORMULA E PARTNERSHIP
British
Leyland Racing Team
New
Formula E Circuit
Wins14 Podiums47 | Races 100 ABTCupra Wins3 | Podiums13 | Races 117 DSPenske Wins2 Podiums6 | Races 117 ERT Wins5 | Podiums24 | Races 116 Mahindra Wins7 Podiums24 | Races 72 McLaren Wins6 Podiums14 | Races 59 TG Porche Wins10 | Podiums32 | Races 117 Andretti Wins16 | Podiums49 | Races 117 Envision Wins12 Podiums33 | Races 96 Jaguar TCS Wins9 | Podiums25 | Races 117 MaseratiMSG Wins17 | Podiums40 | Races 117 Nissan Wins? | Podiums? Races ? BritishLeyland 12Teams,24Drivers AllElectricGen3RacingCar TopSpeed322kph Race Power 300kW 0-100km/h2.8sec Race Power 300kW MinimumWeight850kg BatteryCapacity54kWh BatteryVoltage900volts World’sfirstnet-zero carbonracecar.
Brief
Glasgow Motherwell
MaintainedDestinations
HS2Phase1
ScrappedDestinations
HS2Phase2a-Scrapped
HS2Phase2b-Scrapped
HS2East-Scrapped
PotentialHS2serviceson existingnetwork-Scrapped
HS2 PARTNERS WITH THE NEW BRITISH LEYLAND TO DELIVER BIRMINGHAM STATION
• HS2 annouces its partnership with the newly revived British Leyland car manufacturing conglomerate
• British Leyland to integrate its new HQ with the Birmingham Curzon Street station to alleviate costs and aid future development
• Partnership hopes to restore faith to the Northern leg of HS2
Scrapped Northern Lines
UnderfinancialandpoliticalturmoilaroundHS2,thenorthernlinesbeyondHS2haverecentlybeen cancelled, effectively ending the train line at Birmingham Curzon Street. As such this London to BirminghamlinksetsthestageforthestationtobecomethedestinationgatewayofHS2.
Financial + Political Partnership
Under pressure of the cancelled northern destinations and unfulilled political promises, in the hypothtical scenario of this brief, HS2 partners with the newly revived British Leyland to provide financialaidandactasanexemplarpartnershipmodeltobereplicatedalongthescrappedroutes.
WhilefundedinpartbyBritishLeyland,theproposedBirminghamCurzonStreetstationistobe reducedinsizetoaccommodatefinancialredistributionalongtheline,reducingtheplatformsand scaleofthebuildingasappropriate.
HS2 PARTNERSHIP
Downsizing Proposed Curzon Street Station Interchange London Euston Old Oak Common Birmingham Curzon Street Edinburgh Lockerbie Carlisle Penrith
Leeds Manchester Piccadilly Derby Stoke Macclesfield Manchester Airport Sheffield Chesterfield Nottingham East Midlands Lancaster Preston Wigan Warrington Lancaster Stafford Runcorn Crewe
Oxenholme
Parkway
Key
Brief
BritishLeylandDesignHub
EmanatingTheBritishMotorIndustry
Theprojectmustexpresstheheritageandfuture oftheBritishmotorindustry,expandingonthe existingspecialismtorevitalisemanufacturing.
SustainabilityDrivenDesign+Operation
Reflectingtheneedforsustainabledesigninboth automotiveandarchitecture,theprojectistobe exemplaryasabeacontotheUK.
Efficient+EffectiveConstruction
Utilisingmasstimberprefabricationandmodular systems,constructionefficiencycanbeenhanced todelivertheprojectatashortertimescale.
SnowHillStation
Project Objectives
DesignHub+HS2Station
ContributingtoLocalCulturalIdentity
Birminghamhasahertitageofmanufacturingthat willbeemboldenedandcelebratedthroughthe project,whilstrefelctingthecontemporaryculture.
LocalCommercial+EconomicGrowth
InpartneringHS2withBritishLeylandtocreatea gatewayintoBirmingham,thiswillincreaseinterest andinvestmentintotheareatostimultaegrowth.
CommunityDrivenCollaboration
Closecommunitytieswithlocaluniversities, businessesandresidentswilldrivecollaborative initiativestostrengthenthesharedcommunity.
PublicParks+TestTrack
NewStreetStation
MoorStreetStation
Birmingham City Centre
The site is to be located at the HS2 Birmingham Curzon Street station site, set in BirminghamCitycentreandincloseproximitytofurthertransportlinksaswellasadense generalpopulationalongsidevarioushighereducationfacililties.
AutomotiveIndustry
AstheheadquartersofthenewBritishLeyland, theproject’ssuccesswillbeakeysignifierand symbolicrepresentationofBritishautomotives.
ManufacturingIndustry
Intheambitionofrevitalisingmanufacturingin theUKandnorth,theprojectshallestablishdirect connectionstogrowtheregions’industries.
InternationalMotorsports
TheFormulaEpartnershipandspecticalwillbring additionalattentiontoBritishmotorsportsonthe internationalstageandbringgreatercompetition.
Key External Stakeholders
LocalResidents
Inadenseurbanpopulation,theprojectmustbe consideratetolocalresidents,incorporatingpublic interfaceelementsforsuccessfulcohabitation.
LocalBusinesses
Retailspacesfromthestationinterfacewillbring aboutopportunityforlocalbusinesses’expansion andaswellasincreasingtourismandcustomers.
LocalAcademicCommunity
ClosetieswithBirmingham’suniversitieswill enablenewopportunitiesandfacilitieswhile enablingdirectindustryinteraction.
SITE CONTEXT Brief
FIA
FormulaE Sponsorship
Client Partnerships
UK Government
Planning+Approval,Legislation,Funding, Oversight+Accountability,PublicConsultation
British Leyland ProjectClient
Project Delivery Team
Architects+ Consultants
Architect
Quantity Surveyor
Project Manager
HS2 Sponsorship+ OperationsPartner
Engineers+ Consultants
Structural Engineer
Timber Engineer
Interior Architect Civil Engineer
Landscape Architect
Transport Consultant
Hertitage Consultant Environmental Engineer
Automation Engieer
Construction Manager
Procurement Supply Chain
Tier 1
MainContractor JointVenture
Tier 2
Subcontractor/Supplier
Construction +Contractors
e.g.GroundworksCompany
Tier 3
Subcontractor/Supplier
e.g.PPEProvider,PlantHire
Tier 4 + 5
Subcontractor/Supplier
e.g.CateringCompany
Fire Engineer
Systems Engineer
MEP Engieer
Brief
CLIENT + PROJECT TEAM HIERARCHY
EU UK
04
SiteContext+Masterplan GatewaytoBirmingham
ofallemploymentinBritish automotiveisintheMidlands 39%
autosectorjobsinthe EastMidlands 2,000 autosectorjobs acrosstheMidlands 80,000 oftheUKautomotive R&DisintheMidlands 60%
UK-builtcarsare manufacturedinDerby 1in11
worldleadingautomotivesuppliers havebasesintheMidlands 16oftop20
ThetwolargestBritishLeyland carproductionplants:
LongbridgePlant Birmingham, West Midlands
Built: 1895
Owners: AustinMotorCompany,1906-52
BritishMotorCorporation,1952-68 BritishLeyland,1968-86 RoverGroup,1986-2000 MGRoverGroup,2000-05 SAIC,2005-present Marques: MG,Rover,Mini,Austin
SolihullPlant Solihull, West Midlands
Built: 1936 Owners: BritishGovernment,1936-45 RoverCompany,1945-68
BritishLeyland,1968-86 RoverGroup,1986-2000 Ford,2000-09 JaguarLandRover,2009-present Marques: LandRover,RangeRover,Jaguar
DespiteholdingaroundhalfoftheUK’scarproduction,sincethecollapseofBritishLeyland,theWestmidlandshave followedaplateauinganddecliningtrendthathasbeenexacerbatedbythelossofMarquessuchasRoverGroup.
MIDLANDS MOTOR INDUSTRY + BRITISH LEYLAND
CurrentMidlandsMotorIndustry UK WestMidlands AutomotiveProduction,1970-2008 2.5million 2million 1.5million 0.5million 0 1million 1972 1988 1980 1996 1976 1992 1984 2000 2004 2008 Peugeot Rover LandRover Jaguar AutomotiveProductioninWestMidlandsFirms,1970-2008 1million 0.8million 0.6million 0.2million 0 0.4million 1972 1988 1980 1996 1976 1992 1984 2000 2004 2008 West Midlands Car Production SiteContext
Birminghamisdividedintodistinctregions varyinginpopulationdensity,manufacturing hertitageandexistingresourcesandfacilities.
Intheinterestofexpandingmanufacturinginto BirminghamandtheMidlands,fromtheepicentre ofBirmingham’scitycentre,supportingsupply networkforBritishLeylandcanbeestablishedto utiliseregionalspecialities.
Sutton Coldfield 96,700
CustomerServices
AutomotiveComponents Metalwork+Engineering
Perry Barr 112,400
CustomerServices
AutomotiveComponents Education+Training
Ladywood 126,700
FullAutomotiveProduction AutomotiveDesign
SupplyChain+Logistics
Edgbaston 74,000
FullAutomotiveProduction
SupplyChain+Logistics AutomotiveComponents
SUTTONFOUROAKS SUTTONVESEY OSCOTT
PERRY
Erdington 103,200
AutomotiveComponents
MotorcycleManufacturing CustomerServices
SUTTONTRINITY
SUTTONNEWHALL
SHELDON SOHO
BARTLEYGREEN NECHELLS HODGEHILL SHARDEND WASHWOOD HEATH BORDESLEY GREEN
EDGBASTON HARBORNE WEOLEY
NORTHFIELD KINGS NORTON QUINTON
LONGBRIDGE
SELLYOAK
SPRINGFIELD SPARKBROOK
MOSELEYAND KINGSHEATH
SOUTHYARDLEY HALLGREEN
BOURNVILLE BRANDWOOD BILLESLEY
Northfield 103,700
CustomerServices
SupplyChain+Logistics Research+Development
STECHFORDAND YARDLEYNORTH ACOCKS GREEN
Hodge Hill 129,300
AutomotiveComponents
Metalwork+Engineering Research+Development
Yardley 113,000
FullAutomotiveProduction AutomotiveComponents Research+Development
Hall Green 115,900
Selly Oak 108,000
Education+Training Research+Development CustomerServices
AutomotiveComponents
MotorcycleManufacturing Metalwork+Engineering
SiteContext REGIONAL
FACILITIES
RESOURCES +
BARR HANDSWORTH WOOD LOZELLSAND EASTHANDSWORTH KINGSTANDING ERDINGTON TYBURN STOCKLAND GREEN
ASTON
LADYWOOD
Automotive Components Customer Services Education +Training Research+ Development SupplyChain +Logistics Metalwork+ Engineering Motorcycle Manufacturing FullAutomotive Production Key
Manufacturing Output Community Development Skills+ Training
Income+ Wealth CulturalHeritage Restoration SocialInclusion +Equality Environmental Sustainabililty Infrastructure Development Employment Opportunities
Jewellery Quarter St. George + St. Chad
Metalwork+Engineering
Manufacturing+Engineering Creative+Design FinancialServices Retail+Commercial PublicServices+Administration
City Core
Retail+Commercial
Education+Research BusinessServices EngineeringTechnology FinancialServices Creative+Design
Westside + Ladywood
Residential
Southside + Highgate
Manufacturing+Engineering
Eastside
Cultural+Entertainment SupplyChain+Logistics SupplyChain+Logistics Hospitality+Leisure PublicServices+Administration Cultural+Entertainment
Manufacturing+Engineering
LOCAL RESOURCES + FACILITIES SiteContext
BirminghamCity University AstonUniversity UniversityCollege Birmingham Bullring BirminghamArena MailboxBirmingham SciencePark
Digbeth
Automotive Components Customer Services Education +Training Research+ Development SupplyChain +Logistics Metalwork+ Engineering Sales+ Publicity FullAutomotive Production Key Existing Proposed
AstheUK’ssecondlargestcityandonesteepedinindustrialheritage,Birminghamhasthe desireforbothgrowthandretentionofitshertitage.TheHS2hubbeinglocatedinthecity centremarksitasakeylandmarkarrivalpointintothecity.
N 1:10,000 0 50m 100m 200m BIRMINGHAM CITY CENTRE SiteContext Cloudy, Sunny + Precipitation Days 30days 25days 20days 15days 10days 5days 0days Mar Jul Jun Oct Dec Feb May Sep Nov Jan Apr Aug Sunny Precipitation Days Partly Cloudy Overcast Precipitation Amounts 30days 25days 20days 15days 10days 5days 0days Mar Jul Jun Oct Dec Feb May Sep Nov Jan Apr Aug 20-50 <2mm 10-20 Dry days 5-10 2-5 Snow days Wind Rose N 1000 750 500 250 0 W E S >24 >31 >38 mph >0 >3 >7 >12 >17 Average Temperatures + Precipitation Mar Jul Jun Oct Dec Feb May Sep Nov Jan -10 0 10o 20 30 100mm 75mm 50mm 25mm 0mm Apr Aug Mean daily max Mean daily min Precipitation Hot days Cold nights Maximum Temperatures Mar Jul Jun Oct Dec Feb May Sep Nov Jan 30days 25days 20days 15days 10days 5days 0days Apr Aug Frost days >25 >0 >20 <0 o C >15 >10 >5 Science Park Aston University Learning+ Research Colmore Business District Paradise Circus Retail Core Snowhill Birmingham Smithfield New Street Station Key DesignHubboundary Conservationarea Enterprisezone Projectarea Canal RiverRea Characterareas /Keylocations Railline Metroline Metroextension
Local Plan + HS2 Creative
1. Knockhill
Length: 2.04km Turns: 8 Opened: 1974
5. SilverstoneNational
Length: 2.64km Turns: 6 Opened: 1948
2. Croft
Length: 3.42km Turns: 16 Opened: 1964(1995)
6. Snetterton
Length: 4.78km Turns: 12 Opened: 1941
3. OultonPark
Length: 3.59km Turns: 12 Opened: 1953
7. Thruxton
Length: 3.80km Turns: 11 Opened: 1950
4. DonningtonParkGP
Length: 3.19km Turns: 8 Opened: 1931(1977)
Length: 3.91km Turns: 11 Opened: 1950 8. BrandsHatchGP
Iconic British Track Circuits
The Birmingham Leyland Circuit Aston University Business Core Birmingham City University
Length: 3.61km Turns: 15
Intended as both a test track for prototype British Leyland vehicles and as a race track for Touring Car competition,thiscircuitwouldactasaspecticalfeatureofthesitetoshowcasetheachievementsofBritish Leylandindirectcompetitionwithitsrivals.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 8. 7.
Retail
PrimarySite SecondarySite
Core
N 1:5,000 0 25m 50m 100m
RailwayStation RailwayStation Education HistoricLandmark Education RailwayStation BirminghamNewStreet BirminghamSnowHill BirminghamMoorStreet AstonUniversity CurzonStreetStation BirminghamCityUniversity NationalCoachStation DigbethCoachStation LiveMusicVenue O2Institute ScienceMuseum ThinktankBirmingham Church St.Martin’sSquare Retail Bullring&GrandCentral Retail Selfridges CITYCENTRE JENNENSROAD JAMES WATT QUEENSWAY DIGBETH MOORSTREET QUEENSWAY B4100 DesignHubBoundary CarPlantBoundary SiteArea SiteArea Residential Commercial/Retail Industrial Recreation/Lesiure/Sport IndoorEntertainment/Leisure/Sport Public/Social/Educational/Medical Residential+Commercial Industrial+Commercial Other Religious Transport Transport+Industrial/Commercial RailwayLines Key N 1:5,000 0 20m 50m 100m LOCAL LAND USES + LANDMARKS SiteContext
SOLAR STUDIES SiteAnalysis Average Daylight Times Sunlight hours Monthly Average Jan 8hrs 6hrs 4hrs Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Nov Oct Dec Average Daily Hours of Sun Dawn Dusk Sunlight 12 18 24 06 00 Jan Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Feb Sun Path N 10o 30o 50o 70o S E W Summer Solstice Annual variation Sun rise range Sun set range Winter Solstice Equinox SummerSolstice 0600 20/06/2024 SummerSolstice 0900 20/06/2024 SummerSolstice 1200 20/06/2024 SummerSolstice 1500 20/06/2024 SummerSolstice 1800 20/06/2024 MarchEquinox MarchEquinox MarchEquinox MarchEquinox MarchEquinox 0600 20/03/2024 20/03/2024 20/03/2024 20/03/2024 20/03/2024 0900 1200 1500 1800 WinterSolstice 0600 22/12/2024 WinterSolstice 22/12/2024 0900 WinterSolstice 22/12/2024 1200 WinterSolstice 22/12/2024 1500 WinterSolstice 22/12/2024 1800 N
SiteForm+Size
0.46km2
TERRAIN + SITE INTERFACES
SiteAnalysis
N
SlopingTerrain
0.0m
Spotheights
Gradientdirection
0.5mcontourlines
Alignments+Interfaces
Publicfacingboundaryalignment
Privatefacingboundaryalignment
Public-privateinterfaces
Accesspoints
KeyBuildings+Approaches
Primaryapproaches
Keybuildings
Railwaylinestructures
Site
452.2m 140m -5.5 m 0.0m +10.2m PRIVATE PRIVATE PRIVATE PUBLIC PUBLIC PUBLIC PUBLIC N
SafetyGap10m
TrainWidth200m | TwoCoupledUnitsOption400m
TrainHeight3300mm
TrainWidth3180mm
DoublePlatformWidth10m
PlatformGapWidth7m
SinglePlatformWidth6m
RailstoPlatform915mm
TrackWidth1472mm
Min.PlatformLength200m
CarriageLength16.5m
Dimension Constraints
Four Platforms
Six Platforms
Eight Platforms
PLATFORM FEASIBILITY Massing
Key
Siteboundary
Sitegradient
Steepbankslope
Previousroad
Visualbarrier
Listedbuilding
Keyresidentialfacade
Publictransportcorridor
Keyaccessroutes
Publicgreenspace
Significantbuilding
ExistingRoadEntry ExistingFootEntry Overlooking
Keyviewpoint
OPPORTUNITIES + CONSTRAINTS
SiteAnalysis
N 1:2,000
10m 25m 25m
0
Sunpath
Noisesource
BIRMINGHAM LEYLAND PARK MASTERPLAN Masterplan N 1:2,000 0 10m 25m 25m Key Siteboundaries Proposals Station+raillines FormulaEspectating Privateservicesroute Pedestrianconnection ListedBuilding Landmarkbuilding Vehicleaccess Canal Existingrailline Proposedrailline Potentialsupportfacilities TEST TRACK / PUBLIC SPACE FORMULA E SEATING DESIGN HUB (ABOVE) HS2 STATION (ABOVE) CAR SALES CENTRE FORMULA E WORKSHOP PUBLIC PARK VIADUCT PARK PUBLIC SQUARE PUBLIC PARK SALES/ DISTRIBUTION CAR PARK
Massing,Programme+StructureStudies Form+StructureGenesis
05
AsthegatewayintoBirmingham,theproposal issettomergeintotheurbanlandscapeofthe cityasaninhabitableurbanfabricthatbuildsthe approachtothestationanddesignhub.
MERGING URBAN LANDSCAPE Massing
Park / Formula E
HS2 Urban Interface
British Leyland
INITIAL STRUCURE STUDY Structure
SKELETAL VIADUCT FRAGMENT Structure
SKELETAL UNDERBELLY STUDY Structure
1. Viaduct + Formula E
Settingoutkeypillarsofthestationviaductandblending of the site approach into the landscape. Divided by the Formula E track running through the landscape with seatingcarvedoutintothegradient.
2. HS2 Station
MergingtheHS2stationintothepublicrealmasanonenclosed public interface to eminate transparency and accessibilityoftheLondon-Birminghamgateway,withthe stationconcoursepublicallyaccessible.
3. Mezzanine Entrance
The entrance to British Leyland’s design hub being integrated into the concourse at a different level, also blended into the public station interface as an elevated leveloftheconsoursewithgrandstaircaseapproaches.
4.DesignHub
The semi-private level of British Leyland, acting as a hub of car design, prototyping and exhibition, as well as incorporating Formula E spectating through a street facingstandtoprovideanelevatedraceddayexperience.
5.InhabitedRoof
The world of British Leyland set above that of HS2, as the creative mind of the building watching over the development of Birmingham. With atrium spaces connectingtothelevelsbelowforpublictransparancy.
6. Shared Shelter
Sheltering the activities of British Leyland, HS2 and FormulaEunderasingleroofstructureasasybolicshared unity of the triad, creating a sense of shared place and destinationwhenarrivingatthegatewaysite.
SITE MASSING STRATEGIES Form
1.SiteLevelMassing
Respondingtotheslopinggradientoftheterraintodetermineprogrammemovementandsettwobase leveldatums:thefirstatstreetlevelandthesecondatalowerroadlevel.
FormingpublicurbanpromenadesatthestreetlevelleadingintotheHS2platforms,andintheviaductspace underthestation,untilisedfortheFormulaEcourse.Elevatedtoenablethefreeflowofpeoplethroughout.
3.InhabitedRoof
ElevatingandinhabitingtheroofspacetobecomethedesignhubofBritishLeyland,actingasanenclosed spaceperchedabovetheunenclosedstationbelow.
4.Visual+CirculationInterfaces
Horizontalandverticalcirculationprovidedintotheinhabitedroof,withvisualinterfaceswiththelandscape andstationbelow,particularlylinkingwithspectationofFormulaEevents.
5.CantileveredCanopy
Expansionoftheinhabitedrooftoformasinglecanopytoshelterallinhabitantsofthesitewhilstenabling unenclosedspaces.Alsointroducingatriumspacesforvisualtransparencythroughthebuilding.
DESIGN GENESIS Form
2. Elevated Urban Promenade
INHABITED ROOF FORM Form
TECTONIC FORM Structure
BirminghamIndustrialPrecedents
SolihullPlant
LongbridgePlant
LucasIndustries,GreatKingStreet
JaguarLandRover,CastleBromwich
Fisher&LudlowWorks
Structural Strategy
Transferofdeadloadsthroughprimarystructure
Deadloadsincurredfromground
Naturalwind/snow/rainloads
Liveloads
TECTONIC FRAGMENT STUDY
Structure
Utilising and expanding the existing network of manufacturing facilitiesadjacenttositetosupport small component and powertrain production,thentransportedtosite forcustomcarassembly.
Close relationship with local universities and educational facilities to enable growth of car manufacturinganddesignindustry, with facilities made avilable within theDesignHubfortraining.
Use of local office space and businesssupportfacilitiestoenable the service side of British Leyland, maintaining a close connection to the Design Hub to form an interconnectedcampus.
Locating sales and experience stores within Birminghams famous Bullringshoppingcentreasawayof spreadingBritishLeyland’sinfluence andimagetolocalinhabitantsand visitingtourists.
Maintaining a close connection to the regional rail interchange of BirminghamMoorStreetandSnow Hill stations as an transit facility of bothpeopleandgoods.
SITE ADJACENCIES Programme EDUCATIONAL CORE RAILWAY INTERCHANGE BUSINESS CORE RETAIL CORE MANUFACTURING CORE CityCentreConnections ManufacturingCore Educational Core Business Core Retail Core RailwayInterchange
TicketOffice Courtyard
/ gniniD ImpulseRet
/ gniniD mI p u lse Retail / Dining
teRnoitanitseDia l / Dining
PromenadeApproach
InteriorCicrulation
HS2Station
VisualFormulaEConnection
FormulaESpectating
StudentDesignCentre
SharedWorkshops+Exhbition
BritishLeylanDesignHub
Barriers
Design Studios
dentExhibition
PROGRAMME ADJACENCIES Programme
P u b l ci
ai
WaitingArea s
gnitaeS ImpulseRet
l
ai l
T c ketBarriers
noitanitseD iD/liateRin n g
s pac e W ro pohsk
Ticket
Refreshment Hub R eception itanitseDno R e tail/Dining
StudentWork
S t u
C u s
ClayM o d e l l gni
tnevE hT e a t r e
P r o m
Atrium HS2Platforms
snoitibihxE Spectator S t a n sd WCs WCs WCs WC s
tomerDesign M e e t ing Rooms 3DPrinting
Design Studios
alumroF egnuoLE
enade Concourse
FormulaECircuit Track
VerticalCirculation Exhibition
PublicCarCustomisation
FormulaESpectating
EventTheatre
StudentDesignCentre BritishLeylanDesignHub
4.InhabitedRoof
Within the enclosed roof are the student design interface with adjoiningeventtheatre,andBritish Leylanddesignhub,whileexhibition spacespermiatethroughtheatrium.
3.FormulaE+Prototyping
From the cantilevered platforms the building divides in two, Formula E interfaces in the street facing half and continuation of car customisationintherearhalf.
2.PublicInterface
From the atrium lobby, circulation splitstoboththeheritageexhibition and public car customisation interfaces across the atrium and externalcantileveredplatforms.
1. Station Entrance
Urban interface approaches from upper and lower levels, leading to theHS2stationlevelfromwhichthe buildingisaccessed.
SPATIAL ORGANISATION
Programme
+ CIRCULATION
Form+StructureRefinement DesignDevelopment
06
CANTILEVERED TERRACES FragmentStudies
SideApproachView FrontElevation SideElevation
TerracesFragment
ATRIUM CORRIDOR FragmentStudies ViewFromEntranceLobby ViewOntoEntranceLobby
AtriumFragment
IntersectingUrbanInterfaces
APPROACHES + URBAN INTERFACE FragmentStudies
UrbanInterfacesFragment
StreetApprochPromenade
STRUCTURAL COMPOSITION TechnicalStructure
200mm 8-ply CLT panel 1500x1500mm glulam column 31m spanning glulam beam, 1500x500mm curving profile 60mm flooring grade rigid wood fibre insulation 12mm recycled rubber sound absorption layer Breathable floor protection membrane 1.5m spanning glulam beam 1500x500mm profile ExplodedFloorLayering+Structure 5.UnderFloorBuildup
1.Glulam+ConcreteColumns
2.PrimaryGlulamBeams 3.SecondaryGlulamBeams 4.CLTPanels
Glulam+CLTSuperstructure
EXPLODED STRUCTURE TechnicalStructure
400mm
flat
fibre insulation board
145mm 5-ply CLT panel 19mm fine sand 25mm course sand
timber upstand ‘Flownet’ polyethylene drainage mesh 360mm
roof-grafe wood
Polymer bitumen membrane
30mm
1500x1500mm glulam column
concrete pavers
Growing
Geotextile (filter-grade fabric A14)
medium soil
PlantedRoofLayering+Structure
spanning glulam beam, 1500x500mm curving profile
1500x500mm
Double glazed
roof skylight Weather-resistant, air tight vapour control membrane
31m
1.5m spanning glulam beam
profile
ColumnBranches+FoundationsFragment
2.CantileveredPrimaryBeams
Structural Junction Studies
3.Primary+SecondaryBeams
4.AssembledFrame
1.DoubleColumnConnection GlulamFrameAssembly
CONSTRUCTION DETAILS TechnicalStructure
Small diameter multiple concrete pile foundations
Reinforced concrete pile cap
Soil, sand + gravel layered backfill
Primary
Secondary
Internally ribbed reinforced concrete deck
glulam beam
Glulam
double column
glulam beam
CLT floor slabs
Stone maisonary stepped pomenade
Inset
Reinforced concrete pier
floor/roof buildup cavities
TECTONIC STUDIES TechnicalStructure
TECTONIC STUDIES TechnicalStructure
TechnicalStructure STRUCTURAL SYSTEM OVERVIEW
EXPANDING TERRACE
PLATFORMS FragmentStudies
TerracesFragment
RearExhibitTerraces
SteppedTerraceExtrusions EntranceExhibitPlatforms
DesignResolution
BuildingForm+Function
07
StationEntrance+FormulaESpectating
HS2Platforms+FormulaESpectating
+ FORMULA E INTERFACES
HS2
ProgrammeStudies
LevelInteractions
CAR CONVEYOR SYSTEM AutomatedConveyorSystem
ProgrammeStudies
ASSEMBLY BAY FRAGMENT ProgrammeStudies
ElevationViews AssemblyBayFragment
DOUBLE SKIN ROOF FACADE Envelope EnvelopeSection Interior Section ExteriorElevation EnvelopeInterior EnvelopeExterior Planted roof layering Structural roof layering Acoustic timber baffles Guttering + water colection Copper coping cover Interior ventilation out Exterior ventilation out Interior glazing Exterior glazing Openable facade Balustrade Guttering Exterior ventilation in Interior ventilation in Envelope cavity Acoustic Thermal AirFlow
ENVELOPE SYSTEM Envelope EnvelopeStrategy Fully enclosed space Photovoltic power generating skylight Planted roof Partially enclosed space Unenclosed sheltered space OpenableDoubleSkin 9m full bay opening 9m full bay opening 1m single bay opening Sliding walls contained in cavity Full height sliding glass walls
Ceilingcarconveyorrailingsystem 36.Prototypecardisplay+discussion 37.Designhub+prototyping 38.Cityoverlookbalcony 39.Carmanufacturingbays
Openingconveyorpassagedoors
BUILDING OVERVIEW ProgrammeStudies 40 39 41 23 8 19 22 24 30 18 42 43 3 10 11 12 20 13 25 33 31 32 34 26 27 35 28 21 14 15 16 4 5 6 37 38 36 29 17 7 9 2 1 1.Slopingplantedbank 2.Viaductpiercolumns 3.Steppedpromenadeandspectating 4. FormulaEcoursetrack 5.Intersectingroadtocitycentre 6.Entrancepierandinternalcarparking 7.Steppedpromenadeandseating 8.Plantedbridgepassagetoentrance -1F:FormulaEPromenade 0F:HS2Station 9.Railwayviaduct 10. Concretecolumnbase 11.Stationexhibitionplatforms 12.Stationplatforms 13.Stationconcourseentrytobuilding 14. Ticketbarrierthreshold 15. Stationconcourse 16.Primaryentrytobuilding 17. Ticket+stationoffice+ammenities 18. Stationentrance 19.Birminghamcitycentre 2F: FormulaE+Educational 25.Externalcarexhibitbalcony 26. Presentation+eventstheatre 27.Studentdesign+trainingcentre 28.Atriumexhibitiondisplays 29. FormulaEstandsandammenties 30.FormulaEentrance+exhibitplatform 4F: PlantedRoof 42.
43.Photovolticatriumrooflight 1F: Exhibits+Customisation 20.BritishLeylandheritageexhibition 21.Atriumentrancelobby 22.Carexhibitionplatforms 23.Customcardesign+deliveryplatform 24.Customcarassemblyplatform
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
41.
Biodiversityupliftgreenroof
3F: BritishLeyland+Manufacturing
Primarydoubleglulamcolumns
Primaryglulambeams
Externalbridgepassage
Eventdisplayspace
40.Liftlobby+exhibitplatform
SITE PLAN Plans+Sections N 1:2,000 0 10m 25m 50m
-1F: FORMULA E PROMENADE N 1:500 2m 5m 10m Key 1.Steppedpromenadeandseating 2.Goodsdeliveryanddropoffpoint 3.Viaductpiercolumns 4.Plantedbridgepassagetoentrance 5. FormulaEcoursetrack 6.Steppedpromenadeandspectating 7.Slopinggrassbank 8.Intersectingroadtocitycentre 9.Intercitytramtracks 1 6 9 3 5 2 4 8 7 Plans+Sections BB BB AA AA
0F: HS2 STATION N 1:500 2m 5m 10m 6 7 5 1 2 3 4 8 14 9 12 13 11 10 Key 1.Busstop 2.Destinationretail/dining 3.Impulseretail/dining 4.Ticket,information+stationoffice 5.Steppedpromenadeandseating 6.Primarystructurecolumns 7.Plantedbridgepassagetoentrance 8. Stationentranceticketbarriers 9.Primaryentrytobuilding 10.HS2stationplatforms 11.Stationconcourse+kioskspaces 12. Ticketbarrierthreshold 13.Stationconcourseentrytobuilding 14.Railwayviaduct Plans+Sections BB BB AA AA
1F: EXHIBITS + CUSTOMISATION N 1:500 2m 5m 10m 1 3 4 8 6 11 9 10 7 13 12 14 5 2 Key 1.FormulaEspectatorstands 2.Carexhibitplatforms 3.Primaryentrytobuilding 4.Customcarassemblyplatforms 5.Customcarcustomerdesignplatforms 6.VR/ARexhibits 7.Cardisplaybalcony 8.Carconveyordeliverypoint 9.Atriumentrancelobbyreception 10.Staircasetoupperlevels 11.Passengerliftstoupperlevels 12.Stationconcourseentrytobuilding 13.BritishLeylandheritageexhibition 14.Stationcarexhibitplatforms Plans+Sections BB BB AA AA
2F: FORMULA E + EDUCATIONAL N 1:500 2m 5m 10m 1 5 3 4 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 2 1.FormulaEspectatorstands 2.Spectatorkiosksandammenities 3.FormulaElounges 4.FormulaEentrance+exhibitplatform 5.Interactivecarassemblycustomisation 6.Carexhibitplatforms 7.Atriumcarexhibitionledges 8.Liftlobby+exhibitplatform 9.Studentdesign+trainingcentre 10.Externalworkspace 11.Collaborativedesignreviewspace 12. Presentation+eventstheatre 13.Externalcarexhibitbalcony Key Plans+Sections BB BB AA AA
3F: BRITISH LEYLAND + MANUFACTURING N 1:500 2m 5m 10m 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 1 3 1.Cityoverlookbalcony 2.Ceilingcarconveyorrailingsystem 3.Designhub+prototyping 4.Prototypecardisplay+discussionspace 5.Car3Dprinting+manufacturingbays 6.Openingconveyorpassagedoors 7.Non-enclosedmanufacturingexhibit 8.Liftlobby+exhibitplatform 9.Atriumcarexhibitionledges 10.Eventdisplayspace 11. Presentation+eventstheatre 12.Externalbridgepassage Key Plans+Sections BB BB AA AA
4F:
N 1:500 2m 5m 10m Plans+Sections
PLANTED ROOF
3.
4.
5.
4 3 2 1 5 BB BB AA AA
1.Plantedroofparapet 2.Atriumskylightparapet
Biodiversityupliftgreenroof
Primaryglulambeams
Photovolticatriumrooflight Key
FormulaEspectatorstands
Spectatorkiosksandammenities
Atrium+platformexhibits
Collaborativedesignreviewspace
Externalcarexhibitbalcony
Cityoverlookbalcony
SECTION AA Plans+Sections N 1:500 2m 5m 10m Key 1.
2.
3.
4.
7.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.Prototypecardisplayspace 22.Atriumcarexhibitionledges 23.Interactivecarassemblyplatform 24.Eventdisplayspace 25. Presentation+eventstheatre 26.Externalbridgepassage 27.Photovolticatriumrooflight 28.Biodiversityupliftgreenroof 1 3 2 14 15 22 23 12 13 16 10 4 17 18 25 26 28 27 24 6 5 11 19 20 21 8 7 9 BB BB
Steppedpromenadeandseating
FormulaEcoursetrack
Stationpierandinternalcarparking
Plantedbridgepassagetoentrance 5.Viaductpiercolumns 6.Steppedpromenadeandspectating
Primarystructurecolumns 8.Primaryentrytobuilding 9.Carexhibitplatforms 10.Stationconcourse+kioskspaces 11.Stationcarexhibitplatforms 12.Atriumlobbyreception 13.BritishLeylandheritageexhibition
Designhub+prototyping
SECTION BB Plans+Sections N 1:200 1m 2m 10m 2 1 4 6 5 11 10 15 16 17 18 14 12 19 20 9 13 3 7 8 Key 1. FormulaEcoursetrack 2.Plantedbridgepassagetoentrance 3.Railwayviaduct 4.Viaductpiercolumns 5.Stationconcourse+kioskspaces 6.Stationconcourseentrytobuilding 7.Carexhibitplatforms 8.Stationplatforms 9.Cardisplaybalcony 10.Customcardeliveryviaconveyor 11.BritishLeylandheritageexhibition 12.Atrium+platformexhibits 13.Atriumcarexhibitionledges 14.Customcarcustomerdesignplatforms 15.Interactivecarassemblycustomisation 16.Ceilingcarconveyorrailingsystem 17.VR/ARexhibits 18.Openingconveyorpassagedoors 19.Photovolticatriumrooflight 20.Biodiversityupliftgreenroof AA AA
ConcludingDesignProposal FinalDrawings
08
SITE FinalDrawings
SECTION FinalDrawings
SECTION Drawings
APPROACH FinalDrawings
APPROACH Drawings
ENTRANCE FinalDrawings
ENTRANCE Drawings
ATRIUM FinalDrawings
ATRIUM Drawings
CONCOURSE FinalDrawings
CONCOURSE Drawings
STATION FinalDrawings
STATION Drawings
CIRCULATION FinalDrawings
CIRCULATION Drawings
TERRACES FinalDrawings
TERRACES Drawings
PARKSIDE FinalDrawings
PARKSIDE Drawings
GATEWAY FinalDrawings
GATEWAY Drawings
BRITISH LEYLAND FinalDrawings
LEYLAND Drawings
All work produced by Unit 14 Unit book design by Charlie Harriswww.bartlett.ucl.ac.uk/architecture
Copyright 2021 The Bartlett School of Architecture, UCL All rights reserved.
No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmited in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording or any information storage and retreival system without permission in writing from the publisher.
-
@unit14_ucl UNIT
CRAFTED HORIZONS 2024
At the center of Unit 14’s academic exploration lies Buckminster Fuller’s ideal of the ‘The Comprehensive Designer’, a master-builder that follows Renaissance principles and a holistic approach. Fuller referred to this ideal of the designer as somebody who is capable of comprehending the ‘integrateable significance’ of specialised findings and is able to realise and coordinate the commonwealth potentials of these discoveries while not disappearing into a career of expertise. Like Fuller, we are opportunists in search of new ideas and their benefits via architectural synthesis. As such Unit 14 is a test bed for exploration and innovation, examining the role of the architect in an environment of continuous change. We are in search of the new, leveraging technologies, workflows and modes of production seen in disciplines outside our own. We test ideas systematically by means of digital as well as physical drawings, models and prototypes. Our work evolves around technological speculation with a research-driven core, generating momentum through astute synthesis. Our propositions are ultimately made through the design of buildings and through the in-depth consideration of structural formation and tectonic. This, coupled with a strong research ethos, will generate new and unprecedented, one day viable and spectacular proposals. They will be beautiful because of their intelligence - extraordinary findings and the artful integration of those into architecture.
The focus of this year’s work evolves around the notion of ‘Crafted Horizons’. The term aims to highlight the architect’s fundamental agency and core competency of the profession to anticipate the future as the result of the highest degree of synthesis of the observed underlying principles. Constructional logic, spatial innovation, typological organisation, environmental and structural performance are all negotiated in a highly iterative process driven by intense architectural investigation. Through the deep understanding of constructional principles, we will generate highly developed architectural systems of unencountered intensity where spatial organisation arises as a result of sets of mutual interactions. Observation as well as re-examination of past and contemporary civilisatory developments will enable us to project near future scenarios and position ourselves as avant-garde in the process of designing a comprehensive vision for the forthcoming. The projects will take shape as research based, imaginative architectural visions driven by speculation.
Thanks to: ALA, Boele Architects, Daab Design, DaeWha Kang Design DKFS, Heatherwick, Knippershelbig, NK3, RSHP, Seth Stein Architects, ZHA, Expedition Engineering.
UNIT 14 @unit14_ucl
All work produced by Unit 14 Unit book design by Charlie Harriswww.bartlett.ucl.ac.uk/architecture Copyright 2021 The Bartlett School of Architecture, UCL All rights reserved.No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording or any information storage and retreival system without permission in writing from the publisher.
